Pensions for future retirees. Retired school. Advice to the future pensioner. Survivor's pension
Future retirees need to understand well the mechanism for the formation of future payments. After all, the amount of the benefit directly depends on the efforts of the future recipient himself.
On December 15, 2001, two laws No. 166-FZ and No. 167-FZ were adopted, which laid the foundation for a new pension insurance system. The text of the first document contains the fundamental concept at the moment - the pension coefficient.
Fundamentals of the pension insurance system of the Russian Federation
The system of social guarantees for disabled citizens in Russia is built on the interaction of a specialized state body - the Pension Fund (PFR) with citizens. The essence of the division of responsibilities is as follows:
- The FIU performs the following functions:
- registration of citizens and enterprises transferring contributions to the solidarity budget;
- funds management;
- payment of benefits to people who are legally entitled to them.
- Citizens' duties include:
- an expression of a voluntary desire to participate in the compulsory pension insurance system (OPS) by way of a personal statement;
- distribution of funds paid by the employer between the respective funds: state and non-state or management companies.
- The employer is obliged:
- transfer 22% of the amount of workers' earnings on a monthly basis to the solidarity fund;
- assist in registering employees in the system
OPS.
Personalized registration of payers of contributions
On the basis of Law No. 27-ФЗ dated 01.04.1996, the state body keeps records of future recipients of pension payments. Within its framework, each voluntary participant in the system receives:
- certificate of insurance (SNILS);
- personal personal account on which the contribution to the formation of the budget is taken into account - pension coefficients, the value of which depends on
- work experience;
- the size of the received wages.
It gives the owner the right to:
- claim maintenance when an insurance situation occurs;
- control the accumulation of coefficients;
- distribute the contributions paid by the employer (22%) in the following ratio:
- 16% - to the insurance fund;
- or 10% for insurance savings, and 6% for the formation of a funded pension.
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What will be the future pensions
- type of work of the future recipient;
- choice of a citizen;
- the sum of the accumulated points and experience;
- contribution of the future recipient.
The principles of formation enable a person to participate in such systems:
- state (OPS);
- non-governmental (NGO).
In turn, the OPS program includes the following types of support for disabled citizens:
- Insurance pensions are assigned upon the occurrence of one of the following cases:
- old age (age limit for compulsory employment);
- disability (inability to take part in production activities for health);
- loss of a breadwinner;
- Cumulative pension benefits are only due to people who have redirected part of their contributions to:
- non-state PF;
- management company (MC).
In addition, there are such additional types of state support for persons of certain categories:
- seniority pension at the expense of the state budget;
- payments from non-state funds, to which the citizen transferred additional contributions at his will on the basis of an agreement.
How to determine the amount of upcoming retirement payments
- a person's participation in replenishing the joint pension budget is expressed in points;
- their number depends on the terms of official employment and earnings;
- the cost of one pension coefficient is determined by the Government of the Russian Federation based on the price of the consumer basket;
- data on the contribution of each worker to the FIU for the previous (before the reform) period are converted into points;
- the size of the upcoming pension depends on the bonus coefficients for a later application for a pension.
Attention: non-insured periods are converted into points. Namely:
- time of caring for newborns from 0 to one and a half years;
- maternity leave;
- conscript service in the ranks of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation;
- period of official registration with employment authorities;
- the period of care for the disabled:
- disabled people of the 1st group;
- persons who have crossed the 80-year threshold;
- disabled children.
Women who retired before 2015 can apply for the recalculation of the pension already awarded if they want to replace the period of the accounted childcare period under the old legislation with pension points. The recalculation takes place according to the following scheme:
- for the 1st - 1.8 points are awarded for 1 year of care (in total, for 1.5 years of care, 2.7 points are obtained);
- for the 2nd - 3.6 points (in total, for 1.5 years of care, 5.4 points come out);
- for the 3rd and 4th - 5.4 points (in total, for 1.5 years of care, 8.1 points are obtained).
For the rest, the accrual is not provided.
Important! The feasibility of this recalculation depends on the number of children, the length of service as of 01.01.2002 and the value of the ratio of wages, on their basis the size of the pension is determined. The pension will be recalculated if this does not lead to a decrease in its size.
Formula for calculating the size of upcoming payments
The calculation of charges for old age or a new insured event is now determined by an exact formula. It is like this:
- RP = IPK x STIPK + BV, where:
- RP - the final amount of the pension;
- IPK - the number of individual coefficients accumulated over a lifetime;
- STIPK - the price of one point in rubles, determined on the date of granting the benefit;
- BV - a fixed or basic part, which has the same size for all pensioners at the date of appointment.
- IPK = CER / MCCB x 10, where:
- CER is the total contribution to the PFR budget made for the worker;
- IHRV - 16% of the maximum contribution base, determined by government decree for the current period.
Also, the size of the PKI can be found by requesting an extract from the individual personal account of a citizen by submitting an application to the PFR TO or through the website of public services.
Attention: specialists have developed a program to automatically assess the value of the expected content in an insurance situation. The calculator can be used by a citizen of any age. However, the program gives only an estimated result, which is very different from the real one.
The procedure for assigning pension benefits
The methodology for working with the population on pension issues is described in the relevant articles of legislative acts:
- insurance - in Art. 21 of Law No. 400-FZ of 28.12.2013;
- state - in Art. 24 (No. 166 dated December 15, 2001);
- cumulative - Art. 9 of Law No. 424-FZ dated December 28, 2013.
Applications are accepted by the appointment authorities. In particular, there are several ways to apply for an insurance pension:
- at the reception with the specialists of the FIU;
- in a multifunctional center;
- by post;
- through the employer;
- via internet connection:
- on the official website of the FIU;
- in your personal account on the public services portal.
For all types of subsidies, the following assignment rules work:
- it is allowed to submit an application no earlier than 30 days before the onset of the right to payment;
- it is processed:
- ten days in the presence of all papers;
- up to three months, if finalization of the package of documents is required;
- in case of refusal to grant benefits, the state agency is obliged to notify the applicant within five days with an explanation:
- reasons for making such a decision;
- methods and terms of its appeal.
For preliminary verification of documents, a future pensioner can apply to the authority 6 months before the established age.
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Package of documents
The application for the accrual of benefits in 2019 is accompanied by papers and their copies confirming the corresponding right. These generally include:
- passport of a citizen (of the Russian Federation or another state for foreigners);
- SNILS (optional);
- work book (it is likely that the provision of this document will be canceled soon);
- military ID (if available);
- marriage certificate (when changing the surname);
- certificate of salary for 60 months before 12/31/2001 (if necessary, requests the PFR TO);
- documents confirming the preferential category, for example, a certificate specifying the nature of the work.
The study of the methodology for calculating the future content shows an attentive person that his future well-being is built from the first days of his career. How much a particular citizen will receive in old age depends on participation in filling the PFR budget now... In addition, the paramount importance based on the formulas given is obtained:
- earnings on the job site;
- the number of years of work experience;
- retirement age.
However, just working is not enough. When choosing a place for the application of talent, it is necessary to take into account such formal factors as:
- formalization so that the employer regularly pays the required contributions to the FIU;
- accrual of white wages - then the contributions will be higher.
Young people (born in 1967) are advised to choose a comfortable plan for the distribution of contributions for the upcoming maintenance:
- only insurance;
- insurance and savings.
If funds are available, it will be useful to conclude an agreement with an NPF on the formation of an individual savings account from their own funds (they will have to be paid from current earnings).
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The State Duma on Wednesday, September 26, 2018, approved amendments by Russian President Vladimir Putin to the bill on changing the pension system. The law provides for criminal liability for groundless dismissal or refusal to hire persons of pre-retirement age. The retirement age for men is set at 65 years, for women - at 60 years.
Parliamentarians also approved an amendment on the right to early retirement for mothers with many children.
With regard to responsibility for the dismissal of pre-retirees, legal scholars interviewed by Life say that this provision will allow older employees to work in peace. For dismissal or refusal to hire people of pre-retirement age, employers will face compulsory work for up to 360 hours or a fine of up to 200 thousand rubles or in the amount of wages or other income of the convicted person for a period of up to 18 months.
Lawyer Alim Bishenov believes that people of pre-retirement age should more accurately formalize their relationship with the employer.
Firstly, it is best for people of pre-retirement age to record all their negotiations with a potential employer on paper, so that they have something to go to the prosecutor's office or labor inspectorate. And they can refuse allegedly due to insufficient work experience, lack of required skills and for other reasons, - the specialist explained.
Lawyer Ilya Alekseev also believes that people of pre-retirement age should not particularly trust the words of the employer, but everything should be recorded not only on paper, but also recorded on the phone.
Such vigilance will allow the employee to remain in the ranks, because the recorded information will allow the investigation and the court to prove discrimination against the employee at the age of 55-60, will help condemn a negligent employer, he explained.
According to the Chairman of the State Duma Viacheslav Volodin, especially during the transition period, when changes are made to the pension system, it is necessary to do everything so that a working person, a citizen of pre-retirement age, is protected.
As Deputy Prime Minister Tatyana Golikova explained earlier, the adopted law is similar to the norms contained in Article 145 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation ("Unjustified refusal to hire or unjustified dismissal of a pregnant woman or woman with children under the age of three").
Tatyana Golikova noted that criminal liability is an "extreme case". In 2017, under article 145 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, 2,000 applications were recorded, but at the same time, a decision on criminal punishment was made only on two.
In a televised address on August 29, 2018, Russian President Vladimir Putin proposed setting the retirement age for women at 60 and for men at 65. In addition, from 2019 to double the unemployment benefit for persons of pre-retirement age, introduce a preferential retirement regime for mothers with many children (at the age of 50-57), and also spoke in favor of maintaining land and real estate tax benefits for citizens. who have reached the current retirement age. At the same time, the head of state noted the need to introduce employer liability (including criminal liability) for unjustified dismissal or refusal to hire persons of pre-retirement age.
Another shake-up of the pension system may be the most serious in many years. To begin with, it was decided not to pay old-age benefits to working pensioners-millionaires. The next, it seems, will be resolved the issue of raising the retirement age. Chances are good for much more radical reforms, up to and including a complete rejection of the state part of the pension.
220 thousand people may lose their pension in the near future. For so many working pensioners, according to the calculations of the head of the Ministry of Labor Maxim Topilin, payments may be stopped from 2016 or 2017. The measure will affect citizens with an annual income of over 1 million rubles. "This is 83 thousand rubles a month" - it could have been calculated without the minister, but, apparently, the government understands it this way.
Taking into account the fact that there are more than 41 million pensioners in Russia (14.3 million working pensioners), there are not many "lucky ones". The main blow will fall on Muscovites (about 200 thousand workers out of 2.8 million pensioners). It is in the capital that the maximum concentration of highly paid pensioners is. Average earnings in Moscow are almost twice as high as in Russia (61 thousand versus 32 thousand rubles in November 2014). At the same time, many are approaching retirement age at the peak of their income or slightly below, which is why they continue to work.
This plan has almost one hundred percent chances of becoming a reality: the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Economic Development and representatives of both chambers of parliament support it. "If the decision is eventually passed and does not cause protests, then the amount will most likely begin to move down or be left in place, but over time the million will not be a very large amount due to inflation," notes an informed interlocutor of Deneg who asked for anonymity. And "Dengi", in turn, is going to follow specific bills: the likelihood that pensions of security officials and officials will be withdrawn from this initiative is also close to 100%.
In addition, the Ministry of Finance proposes to introduce an additional contribution of 1% of wages to the PF budget. Thus, the tax burden on working citizens will grow to 14% (1% plus 13% of personal income tax). This can give the budget about 170-200 billion rubles. per year, which is clearly not enough to cover the PFR budget deficit (623 billion rubles). The chances of this proposal are not so great, in December 2014, President Putin proposed a moratorium on tax increases for the next four years. However, if we are talking about a hasty, without serious public and expert discussion, adjustment of the just carried out pension reform, it can be assumed that this is now possible.
On February 18, at a meeting with Prime Minister Medvedev, other plans were also discussed. The Ministry of Labor has proposed to gradually increase the minimum seniority for retirement for teachers, doctors and creative workers. Today, the experience of teachers is 25 years, medical workers - 25 and 30 years when working in the countryside and in the city, respectively. From 2016, it is planned to increase it in increments of three months per year. This could affect about 20 thousand people a year. The chances of acceptance are high, the source of Deneg believes: "The decision on teachers and doctors is likely to be eaten up - preferential pensions for them are still a relic of the past."
The topic of extending the freezing of pension savings was also discussed at the meeting, but so far there is no decision, Topilin said. The head of the Ministry of Economy Alexei Ulyukaev had previously spoken extremely negatively about this idea. Freezing the funded part of the pension is a de facto tax increase in order to reduce the PFR deficit. The money that went to the employee's personal account will go to the general money box to pay the current expenses for the payment of pensions. The first decision to freeze pension savings was made in the fall of 2013 and came as an absolute surprise. Then the officials assured that it was a temporary measure, now, cynics say, "it has become even more temporary."
However, optimists are not giving up yet. "It will not be possible to evade the creation of a full-fledged system of pension savings," says Anton Tabakh, director for regional ratings of the Rus-Rating agency. British NEST or New Zealand KiwiSaver ".
It's about age
The main problem of the pension system is different - the low retirement age. President Putin instructed to study the issue of raising it at the expert level, and then transfer it "to the level of working formats of the government," ex-Minister of Finance, head of the Civil Initiatives Committee Alexei Kudrin, who participated in the anti-crisis meeting with the head of state on February 13, told reporters. And this is a breakthrough: earlier the head of state categorically rejected the idea.
Advocates for the increase talk about gradual reforms. Alexey Ulyukaev and Finance Minister Anton Siluanov propose a British scheme for a gradual transition. "The regime, when for new future pensioners, a schedule is set for about six months to increase the retirement age in a year, is reasonable. That is, relatively in ten to fifteen years to come from the current state to that hypothetical new state," Ulyukaev said. Thus, the retirement age for men at 63 will be set no earlier than 2021, and for women no earlier than 2031 (now the retirement age in Russia is 60 for men and 55 for women).
Opponents of the reform soften their positions. For example, the Ministry of Labor, which previously did not support the initiative of the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Economic Development. "We need to compare this with life expectancy, compare it with the age, how many people live in our country after the retirement age, how many in other countries," Topilin said. Chairwoman of the Federation Council Valentina Matvienko (according to Deng's observations, she can be considered a leading indicator of the Kremlin's official position) used to be against raising the retirement age, but now, judging by the RIA Novosti report, she is in solidarity with Ulyukaev and Siluanov.
Bodania with demographics
The stability of pension provision not only in the Russian Federation, but also in the world is under the threat of negative demographic trends, namely the aging of the population. In 1950, in developed countries, according to the OECD, there were more than seven people of working age for one pensioner, in 1963 - six, in 1976 - five, and in our time - four. The aging of the population continues, and starting in 2023, this ratio will drop to three to one, and from 2047 to two to one.
In the 2000s, the West realized that an aging population can only be fed by raising the retirement age. Its bottom in OECD countries was reached in 1999 and was just under 62 years for men and 60.5 years for women. Over the course of 15 years, the retirement age has been gradually raised there and will continue to do so. In 2000, the average retirement age in OECD countries was 60.5 years for women and 61.8 for men, and in 2013 it was already 64 and 65 years, respectively.
In Russia, because of the low retirement age, things are worse. According to the average variant of the UN demographic forecast for Russia until 2050, by the end of the period the share of the population of retirement age will increase by 1.5 times, while the share of the working age population will significantly decrease. As a result, the ratio of the number of people of retirement and working age will almost double, from the current 32% to 61% by 2050.
Emancipation issues
The traditional argument of opponents of raising the retirement age is the low average life expectancy in the Russian Federation. It is indeed much lower than the average for the OECD countries (70.7 years versus 80 years). "Yes, our life expectancy is growing every year, but so far this indicator, especially the life expectancy of men, does not push to raise the retirement age," Matvienko quoted Echo of Moscow as saying in September 2014.
The key word here is "men". There is a gender gap at retirement age: women retire earlier than men. Moreover, the life expectancy of women is longer than that of men. Consequently, women spend much more time in retirement than men: on average, in OECD countries, men spend 16 years in retirement and women 21 years. Developed countries have taken the path of recognizing gender equality and are gradually closing the gender gap (now, on average, only a year, and in most countries, men and women have the same retirement age).
Russia has not only one of the lowest retirement ages in the world, but also a huge gender gap - five years. The situation is aggravated by the difference in life expectancy for men (65.1 years) and women (76.3): it is the highest in Russia in the world - over 11 years. As a result, the expected time of retirement (life expectancy since the onset of retirement age) for Russian men living up to it is about 13 years (below the OECD average by three years), for women - more than 23 years (almost for three years).
Accordingly, there are three times more female pensioners in Russia than male pensioners. According to Rosstat, at the beginning of 2014 there were 9.7 million men of retirement age, and 24.1 million women (in 2011 there were 8.9 million men and 22.8 million women). That is, despite the shorter life expectancy from the moment of birth, Russian women spend a much larger part of their lives in retirement than women in developed countries, because their life expectancy since the onset of retirement age has long been higher than the OECD average. Currently, there are only 1.7 women of working age for one woman of retirement age in Russia, and 4.6 women of working age for one man of retirement age.
Hidden passage
“The retirement age in Russia has remained unchanged since the early 1930s,” says Oksana Sinyavskaya, deputy director of the Independent Institute for Social Policy. But it was not profitable to increase the age limit: early retirement guaranteed a tolerant attitude of the population towards the size of payments. "
However, it is possible that this border will not be officially increased even now. After all, this can be done in a latent form, which has already been partly accomplished with the introduction of a point system. "The Finance Ministry's plan does not take into account the political component and, most likely, was thrown in so that everyone gasped and said: well, what was accepted is not scary. The question can be suspended, for example, they will introduce some age for an increased pension, 62 or 65 years. and pensions from 55 and 60 will simply not be indexed. Inflation will quickly devalue them, "notes the source of Deng, who asked for anonymity.
Another possibility is the introduction of means testing for the payment of pensions. This is the western version of the state pension for the poor, adopted, for example, in the UK. An applicant for a pension will have to prove that he needs it. It is possible to introduce a new order from the same 55 and 60 years, and then, if everything goes smoothly, and then on to older ages.
In this case, the pension turns into a poverty benefit at an older age - not for everyone at first. Then the next step is logical - the transformation of the state part of the pension into "social benefits for incapacity for work, oriented in size to the minimum subsistence level of a pensioner." Let us remind you that this was the conclusion reached by the then first deputy chairman of the Central Bank Alexei Ulyukaev exactly three years ago (see "Money" of March 19, 2012).
So that the "extra penny" does not go sideways: in what cases should a teenager inform about his employment in the FIU?
On the eve of the summer holidays, schoolchildren and students were reminded of the need to report their employment to the Pension Fund.
In the summer, young people have a couple of free months. Some guys use them completely for recreation, while others seek to earn an additional "pretty penny" by getting a job. But there is a special category of young people who, when applying for a job, must notify the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation. These are those students and schoolchildren who have been assigned a federal social supplement (FSD) to their pension in the event of the loss of a breadwinner, as well as those who have a compensation payment for caring for a pensioner over 80 years old or a disabled person of group I. It is important for them to know that, according to the law, FSD and care payments are set only for non-working citizens. And in case of employment during the summer holidays, the federal social supplement should be suspended, and the compensation payment for care should be terminated. If the territorial office of the PFR at the place of residence is not informed about employment, the funds will be considered received illegally and young people will be forced to return them voluntarily or through the courts.
To inform about the start of labor activity and suspend payments, a schoolchild or student must contact the client service of the Pension Fund at the place of residence or through the Personal Account of a citizen on the PFR website.
Let us recall that the federal social supplement is established for the pension of an unemployed citizen if the amount of his general material support does not reach the pensioner's subsistence minimum established in the region. So, in the Volgograd region for 2019, the living wage of a pensioner is 8,569 rubles per month.
A compensation payment in the amount of 1200 rubles is established for non-working able-bodied persons caring for disabled people of group I, as well as for pensioners who need constant outside care at the conclusion of a medical institution or who have reached the age of 80. Although the payment is established for the caregivers, it is paid at the same time as the pension for the disabled citizens being cared for.
If you are a recipient of one of these payments, do not forget to inform the FIU institutions in case of employment during the summer holidays!
Now you can confirm your pre-retirement status on the PFR website
The corresponding service has appeared in the "Personal account of a citizen"
In connection with the change in the pension legislation in Russia, a new category of citizens has appeared - pre-retirees.
For citizens of pre-retirement age, many benefits and social support measures that were previously provided upon reaching retirement age remain. In addition, new benefits related to annual medical examination and additional guarantees of employment have been introduced for pre-retirees.
You can now find out whether you belong to the new category on the Pension Fund website www.pfrf. To do this, go to the "Personal account of a citizen" and in the section "Pensions" select "Order a certificate (statement) on the classification of a citizen as a citizen of pre-retirement age."
To use this service, you must be registered on the State Services portal, that is, have a confirmed account in the Unified Identification and Authentication System (Unified System of Identification and Authentication).
Long work experience gives the right to early assignment of a pension
Federal Law No. 350-FZ of 03.10.2018 "On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation on the Issues of Appointment and Payment of Pensions" for the first time introduces the right to an early pension to citizens with long-term work experience. Starting from 2019, you can go on a well-deserved rest two years earlier than the generally accepted retirement age for men with 42 years of experience (but not earlier than 60 years), for women with 37 years of experience (but not earlier than 55 years).
An important point is that for the appointment of an early retirement pension due to a long experience, only insurance experience is taken into account, in fact, labor activity. Non-insured periods, such as military service, parental leave, the period of receiving unemployment benefits, caring for the elderly and disabled, and others are not included in such length of service. Residents of the Volgograd region can check the experience they have earned to date in the Personal Account of a citizen on the PFR website or on the State Services portal. An extract from the personal account containing information about the experience can also be obtained from the client services of the Pension Fund and Multifunctional Centers. If any periods of work are not taken into account in the personal account data, supporting documents must be submitted to the FIU in order for these data to be taken into account when assigning a pension.
How pensions will be assigned in 2019
Since 2019, a gradual increase in the generally established age begins in Russia, which gives the right to an old-age insurance pension and a state security pension. The law provides for a smooth transition to new parameters, according to which the retirement age will increase by one year in 2019. The real increase in this case will be six months - such a step will provide a special benefit that allows you to assign a pension six months earlier than the new retirement age. Anyone who was supposed to retire in 2019 under the terms of the previous legislation will be able to use it. These are mainly women born in 1964 and men born in 1959, who will be the first to be affected by the increase in the retirement age. Due to the benefits, they will begin retirement as early as July 2019.
For many Russians, however, pension payments remain within the same age limits. This primarily applies to people who have early retirement benefits. For example, miners and miners, rescuers, public transport drivers and other workers employed in difficult, dangerous and hazardous working conditions, for which employers pay additional contributions to pension insurance. Most of these workers continue to retire at age 50 and 55, depending on gender.
Preferential retirement is also preserved for teachers, doctors and representatives of other professions, to whom payments are assigned not upon reaching retirement age, but after acquiring the necessary length of service. At the same time, since 2019, the appointment of a pension in such cases takes into account the transition period to increase the retirement age, which comes into force from the moment the required length of service in the profession is acquired. For example, a school teacher who has developed the necessary teaching experience in April 2019 will be able to retire in accordance with the transition period in six months, in October 2019.
As before, in order to assign a pension in 2019, the minimum requirements for seniority and retirement points must be met. The right to retire this year is given by 10 years of experience and 16.2 pension points. It should also be noted that raising the retirement age does not apply to disability pensions. They are preserved in full and are assigned to those who have lost the ability to work, regardless of age when establishing a disability group.
Individual (personified) accounting information - a way to quickly assign a pension
At present, it is possible to assign an insurance pension according to the information of individual (personified) accounting at the disposal of the territorial body of the PFR without providing information about the length of service and earnings, anyone can.
The appointment of a pension via the Internet is possible due to the fact that in the PFR personalized accounting system, in most cases, there is information about all periods of the insured person's work.
Personalized accounting is the accounting of information about each citizen insured in the compulsory pension insurance system of the Russian Federation. In the system of rediscounting during a person's labor activity, the data necessary for the appointment of a pension are recorded: about the length of service, periods of work and other periods, places of work, about insurance premiums and the number of points earned. And wherever a person works at different periods of his life, information about him comes to the Pension Fund from employers and is stored there as individual.
It is not the first year that the website of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation (www.pfrf.ru) has been running the electronic service "Personal Account of a Citizen" *, the most popular section of which is about formed pension rights. In it, everyone can find out about their retirement points and experience. Through your personal account on the PFR website, you can also apply for a pension.
You can also enter your Personal Account through the PFR mobile application for smartphones. In addition, a citizen can personally apply with a request to provide information on the state of the individual personal account of the insured person to any territorial body of the Pension Fund of Russia (at the place of residence or work), to the multifunctional center of state and municipal services, or by mail.
If a citizen believes that any information has not been taken into account or not taken into account in full, he has the opportunity to contact the employer in advance to clarify the data and submit them to the territorial body of the FIU at the place of residence. If the enterprise where the citizen worked no longer exists, you should contact a higher organization or archive.
At the same time, the territorial bodies of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation carry out early work with citizens of pre-retirement age, which makes it possible to bring the data on the personal account of the insured person in full compliance with the documents available to the citizen for the appointment of a pension.
After familiarization with the information of individual (personified) accounting, consent can be submitted to the FIU in several ways.
When applying for a pension through the employer, the said consent is expressed by putting a corresponding mark in the application itself. The same mark can be filled in with the expression of the will of the citizen and when sending an application through the EPGU or LKZL.
* To use the electronic services of the FIU, you must register and receive a confirmed account in the Unified Identification and Authentication System (ESIA) on the public services portal. At the same time, registration can be helped in the client service of the FIU. If you are already registered on the portal, use your username and password.
Moms with three or more children will be able to retire earlier
From January 1, 2019, Federal Law No. 350 "On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation on the Issues of Appointment and Payment of Pensions" will enter into force. The document is aimed at a gradual increase in the retirement age. However, certain provisions of the law provide for earlier retirement for women. This applies to mothers with many children.
Women who have given birth to five or more children will continue to receive a pension at the age of 50. In addition, a mother of three children will be able to retire early at 57 years old, and who gave birth to four children at 56 years old. At the same time, for early retirement, mothers with many children need to develop a total of 15 years of insurance experience. Another condition is that mothers with many children must raise children up to 8 years of age.
Among the main conditions for changes in the pension system is a gradual increase in the retirement age for old age. The law establishes the generally established retirement age at the level of 60 years for women and 65 years for men (now 55 and 60 years, respectively). The change in the retirement age will begin on January 1, 2019 and will occur gradually during the transition period until 2028. Transitional will last 10 years.
For those who were supposed to retire in 2019–2020, there is a special benefit - retirement six months earlier than the new retirement age. For example, a person who, according to the new retirement age, must retire in January 2020, will be able to do so as early as July 2019. Raising the retirement age at the first stage will affect men born in 1959. and women born in 1964).
During the transition period to increase the retirement age, all federal and regional benefits will remain in effect as of December 31, 2018. As before, women will be able to use them upon reaching 55 years of age and men upon reaching 60 years. Similarly, within the limits of the previous retirement age, the appointment of a funded pension and other types of payment of pension savings is preserved.
Raising the retirement age does not affect current pensioners - recipients of insurance pensions and state security pensions. They will continue to receive the required pension and social benefits in accordance with the previously acquired rights and benefits.
For future retirees- citizens of pre-retirement age - the state will develop a number of laws that are designed to protect them in the face of an increase in the retirement age in Russia.
The information is relevant for students of professional retraining and advanced training courses in the following areas:
The Ministry of Labor is actively developing a package of social protection measures for future retirees. The need for such actions on the part of the state is dictated by the situation on the labor market in relation to pensioners. Indeed, after raising the retirement age, pre-retirees, that is, those who will remain 2 years before retirement, will have to face an earlier dismissal at the initiative of employers. Therefore, the state intends to take tough retaliatory steps.
Pre-retirees, according to the Federal Law "On Employment of the Population", are future retirees who will have 2 years left before retirement. That is, for 2017, these are citizens aged 53 years (women) and 58 years old (men). After raising the retirement age, that age will be 62 years (for women) and 64 years (for men).
For the dismissal of a future pensioner - a criminal punishment
To protect pre-retirees from unjustified dismissal from their jobs at the initiative of the employer, legislators are ready to consider the possibility of criminal penalties for such employers. This initiative was received by the Ministry of Labor during public discussions.
Immunity from dismissal is not always beneficial: feeling their impunity, such an employee may behave inadequately, reduce labor productivity, and worsen the moral situation in the team.
According to the vice-rector of the Academy of Labor and Social Relations Alexander Safonov, this measure will only aggravate the situation on the labor market. Employers, out of fear, will fire all workers who are close to pre-retirement age under any pretext. That is, an article in the Criminal Code will provoke discrimination in relation to those workers who will not be left for 2 years until retirement, but 3-5 years.
How will the Ministry of Labor control the facts of dismissal and employment of citizens of pre-retirement age?
Already in October 2018, an all-Russian program of assistance for the employment of senior citizens will be launched. In the spring of 2019, the Ministry of Labor will launch online services for workers and employers. There will also be a hotline where workers will be able to receive information support on the issue of compliance with labor laws.
According to the draft law, which was presented by members of the United Russia party, all employers must notify the labor inspectorate of each dismissal of an employee of pre-retirement age at the initiative of the employer or by agreement of the parties. Such amendments will be considered as early as November 2018.
Also, retirees will be helped to open their own business. A similar support program will be developed by 2020.
Unemployment benefits to be increased for future retirees
The Ministry of Labor is also ready to increase the amount of unemployment benefits for those citizens who are pre-retirees. If this category of workers loses their jobs and cannot find a job, then they will be paid an increased benefit. This norm will be discussed in the Government in the fall, and will start working in 2019.
The amount of unemployment benefits for future retirees before and after the changes
Clinical examination of future pensioners (citizens of pre-retirement age)
The Ministry of Labor, together with the Ministry of Finance, will consider the issue of conducting an annual medical examination of workers of pre-retirement age. This medical examination will take place at the expense of the employer.
Professional training courses for future retirees
From 2019 to 2034, when the pension reform is fully completed, vocational training programs for older people will operate in Russia. The Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Industry and Trade, the Ministry of Economic Development and regional authorities will work on this project.
At these retraining and advanced training courses, citizens will be able to undergo short-term training in specialties in demand in the region's economy. The state intends to spend up to five billion rubles a year on the development of this project.
A bank of demanded professions and specialties will be created for each region, which will be constantly updated. It is expected that senior citizens will be especially in demand in health care, education, and agriculture.
Pension reform raises concerns among taxpayers
According to experts, such measures are an attempt to shift the entire burden of responsibility for the pension reform onto the shoulders of businesses and employers. The proposed measures are violent. This can lead to increased age discrimination at work. Companies will simply be forced to lay off workers, who will have 3-4 years left before retirement.
The recipe for a successful pension reform is to improve the health of the economy as a whole. And in order to improve the state of the economy, it is necessary to reduce the tax burden on business. This will enable businesses to create new jobs.
Another component of this recipe is to increase labor productivity. With the current administrative and tax pressure in the context of the pension reform, enterprises will not be able to achieve an increase in labor productivity.