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When to introduce juices to babies. At what age can you give apple juice to a child and how to do it correctly? Fruit juices are given to an infant

Introducing adult foods into the baby's diet should be gradual, because new food often causes allergic reactions. Caring parents should be concerned not only with when they can give their child juices for the first time, but also what kind of vegetables and fruits to choose for this.

Early introduction of juices - benefit or harm?

The main diet of children in the first months of life should be natural breast milk, but there are situations when the mother does not have enough milk or it completely disappears. In this case, it will be correct to transfer the baby to artificial mixtures or mixed nutrition - when breastfeeding alternates with milk or dairy-free formula.

It is recommended to introduce complementary foods in the baby's menu not earlier than six months, but an exception is made for artificial people, and they can be offered adult food a little earlier - from 4-5 months. best of all with vegetable and fruit purees, they are better digested and accepted by the body without side effects. The next step will be to use juices (for the first time it is also better to give vegetable nectars, for example, carrot, beetroot).

It is important to remember that small amounts of vegetable and fruit juices can be given to babies under one year old. The correct dosage of tasty drinks is the most important aspect when introducing juices and nectars into a newborn's diet. Natural juices will bring a lot of benefits to your child:

  • strengthening the immune system due to beneficial vitamins and minerals from natural products;
  • addiction to adult products;
  • variety of diet;
  • increased child's appetite;
  • identification of allergic reactions, which will prevent irritation in the future.

Based on this, we can say that it is imperative to introduce juices to children under one year old, but it is important to correctly select products for each age and observe the required dosage.



How to properly introduce juices into a baby's diet?

Since the fragile digestive system of children is not yet able to cope with regular food, the process of switching to standard foods takes a long time. Firstly, do not rush things - start offering the baby new products when he himself shows interest in them. Secondly, it is not at all necessary to strictly adhere to the recommended scheme, if a child seeks to try adult food at 3-4 months, do not refuse him. There will be no harm if you try to give a curious baby a little mashed potatoes or a couple of drops of juice, after the first time, follow the reaction of the body - when everything is in order, you can gradually introduce complementary foods, if rashes or colic are observed, postpone it.

For juices, start with ¼ - ½ teaspoon of the product at a time. A large amount of concentrated drink is fraught with negative consequences for babies up to a year, because juices (especially fruit juices) contain a large proportion of natural acids that irritate the mucous membrane of the mouth and intestinal walls.

The second important point is considered the optimal ratio of different foods in the diet of children, try to create complementary foods as diverse as possible, while using only those foods to which the baby is not allergic. Together with the introduction of cereals, you can offer infants mixed drinks, for example, carrot-apple, pumpkin-apricot and other juices.

Be sure to dilute the drinks with baby water (it is better to use store-bought distilled water or use filtered liquid). At the same time, never offer a child under one year old food without trying them before, because a drink or porridge can be excessively cold or, on the contrary, scalding hot.



How to make healthy juices for your newborn at home?

Now everyone has the opportunity to purchase ready-made children's drinks in the store, but it is much more useful and profitable to prepare a drink for the child at home.

As the first drinks, babies under one year old can be given juices such as:

  • apple;
  • pear;
  • peach;
  • apricot;
  • plum;
  • carrot;
  • beetroot;
  • squash;
  • pumpkin.

You can use a juicer to make natural juice, and when not available, use the old-fashioned method with a grater and gauze. The process with a juicer is self-explanatory, but you will have to tinker a little with a grater.

First, the fruit should be washed thoroughly, and then peeled from it. Cutting off a small piece, grate it on a fine grater, wrap the resulting gruel in gauze, and squeeze it into a clean container. Because your toddler doesn't need a lot of drink, a one-time serving is one small piece of fruit or vegetable. The resulting juice is quite concentrated, so it is impossible to give it to a child in its pure form, the best option is to dilute it with distilled baby water in a 1: 1 ratio. The same rule applies to store products - a baby should breed ready-made food for up to a year and give it at room temperature.

In this way, you can prepare any juices and nectars, but remember that it is permissible to start the introduction of drinks with pulp only after a year, until that time it will be correct to filter homemade juices and nectars through a fine sieve or cheesecloth.

Each type of food has its own optimal time for introduction. When do you need to acquaint a baby with juices and which one is better to start with?

In Soviet times, juices were introduced very early and the very first - literally from 3 months. Now the timing of the acquaintance of babies with this product has shifted into the second half of the year. Nutritionists considered juices to be of low value and often poorly tolerated by the digestive and immune systems of infants. But after 6 months, the child's body is already quite ready to start taking juices and assimilating them without negative consequences.

It is better to start introducing purchased juices into the baby's diet when he has absorbed one of the main types of complementary foods: cereals, fruit or vegetable purees. At the same time, artificial people are offered this product earlier than babies on HB - after 4 months. It is better for breastfed babies to give juice after six months, since their body, which receives enzymes from mother's milk, is poorly adapted to the production of its cleavage elements.

A number of pediatricians are generally inclined to introduce juices only after a year in order to avoid their negative effect on the gastrointestinal tract of infants. In addition, this product, in its essence, is rather "empty" - it does not contain as much fiber, vitamins and elements as a baby needs, therefore, early acquaintance with a drink of a crumbs associated with indigestion and allergies seems inappropriate.

The decision to start introducing a product into the baby's menu will be made by your pediatrician, based on his health status, progress in the assimilation of fruit purees and what kind of feeding the baby is.

The benefits of juices

These are sources of natural vitamins, organic acids and trace elements useful for crumbs. Although all these substances in drinks are extremely small to cover the daily need, they are still very useful for babies to drink.

Juices with pulp, in addition to all of the above, contain dietary fiber that is useful for the digestive system and pectin. The value of the drink also varies, based on what fruits or vegetables it is based on.

  1. Apple cider contains a lot of vitamin C and is also rich in iron. It helps to strengthen the immune system and improve the elasticity of the vascular walls. As a rule, apple juice in our country is introduced into the diet of children under one year old the very first, from 4-6 months, since it is less allergenic.
  2. Pomegranate juice is rich in iron, it is useful for anemia, as well as for improving metabolism.
  3. Peach, carrot, pumpkin and apricot juices are rich in beta-carotene, which is beneficial for the baby's eyes, bones, teeth and gums.
  4. Pumpkin juice contains vitamins of group B that are useful for the metabolism of children. Also, these elements are important for the work of almost all systems of the baby's body.
  5. Apricot and banana juices will enrich cells with beneficial potassium and magnesium.

With the help of natural drinks, you can easily regulate the baby's stool: plum, peach and apricot have a laxative effect, while pear and pomegranate, on the contrary, fix it.

Purchased or Home?

Purchased juices intended for children under one year old undergo a mandatory quality check, in addition, they do not irritate the digestive tract of babies, as they have a balanced acid composition. But due to heat treatment, they lose half of their value, and during transportation or storage, the integrity of the packaging may well be violated, due to which the product will deteriorate ahead of time.

Freshly squeezed homemade juices retain the full value of the fruits and vegetables they are made from, but are highly concentrated. In order not to make it worse and not cause a negative reaction from the gastrointestinal tract in children, it is recommended to dilute them by half with boiled water.

In what order should you enter?

  1. The very first child is usually injected with apple juice - it is less allergenic. It is better to use ripe green fruits or purchase a clarified product for feeding children from 4 to 12 months.
  2. When the baby tastes the apple drink, you can offer him clarified pear, carrot, pumpkin, apricot, peach or banana juice in any order.
  3. Next, you can start combining the juices you've mastered by purchasing or creating mixed drinks. It will be good to make a fruit and vegetable mix by mixing an apple and pumpkin, carrot and pear product.
  4. When the baby gets used to mixed drinks, you can start giving your baby red-pigmented foods: cherry, cherry, plum, blackcurrant and cranberry. Of the vegetable drinks for babies prone to constipation, beetroot will be useful.
  5. Acquaintance with citrus, tomato, strawberry and grape drinks occurs in children last: at 12-15 months, since some of them are highly allergenic, while others contain a large amount of fruit acids.

How to enter?

  • It is better to introduce juice to a child's diet in the morning, so you can track a negative reaction during the day;
  • on the first day, the baby should be given a few drops of the drink on a spoon after feeding;
  • in the first week, the child should be given 0.5 tsp, in the second - whole, in the third - 2 tsp, etc .;
  • a one-year-old child can be given no more than 60 ml of a drink per day;
  • each new species should be given to the child "as for the first time" - in a few drops, gradually increasing the volume of an unfamiliar drink in feeding.

If your baby is between 4 and 6 months old, then you have already faced an avalanche of complementary feeding advice from loved ones and friends.

Some say that the most correct thing is to start feeding with juice, others advise first to introduce the baby to porridge, and still others insist on vegetable puree. Which one is right? When to start introducing the baby to new tastes and how to introduce juice into complementary foods? I propose to sort it out in order.

Juice in complementary foods - myth or reality?

Literally 20-30 years ago, pediatricians insisted that complementary feeding with juice while breastfeeding began as early as 2 months. Babies who ate the formula were asked to do this even earlier, at about 1 month. At the same time, our mothers prepared juices for the first complementary foods themselves from apples or carrots.

But today there is a different point of view on juice in complementary foods.

And all because, it turns out, there is acid in the juices, which negatively affects the infant's still fragile digestive system. Too early introduction of such drinks can result in various gastrointestinal diseases (gastritis, pancreatitis, etc.) in adolescence.

Attention! My deep opinion, as a consultant for complementary feeding and correction of a child's appetite, is that it is better not to introduce juices in whole form into complementary foods until the age of 3 years.

Juices too affect children's fragile kidneys and can lead to the development of inflammatory diseases.

When to start introducing complementary foods

The average age is 6 months.

  1. The baby craves food too often (breast milk or formula). This may indicate that he is not eating enough and the usual portion is no longer enough for him;
  2. The baby's weight has doubled since birth;
  3. The child learned to sit confidently and confidently;
  4. The kid is interested in what adults eat. He may demand that you give him what is on your plate;
  5. If a piece of solid food gets into the child's mouth, he does not seek to push it out with his tongue.

If you answered yes to most of these questions, then you can start introducing complementary foods. At the same time, it is very important that the baby is absolutely healthy and in the past few weeks you have not done any preventive vaccinations.

Where to start?

Juicing complementary foods is the worst option you can choose.

  • To familiarize the baby with adult food, it is better to use vegetable purees or cereals;
  • If the child is prone to constipation or is gaining too much weight, then it is better to start with vegetables. And for those crumbs who, on the contrary, are poorly gaining weight or have unstable stools, it is better to start complementary foods with cereals;
  • Cauliflower, courgette, or broccoli are ideal vegetables for a first meal. They are hypoallergenic foods and have a mild effect on the digestive tract of babies (read an article on this topic: >>>).

It is necessary to start their introduction with one vegetable.

First, give a taste of the product on the tip of a teaspoon.

Important! Yes, I know that you want to feed your baby as quickly as possible with complementary foods, but you can't. Rip off the gastrointestinal tract and get allergies.

We move smoothly, methodically and look at the child's reaction.

  • Choosing porridge, preference should be given to one-component and hypoallergenic, in which there is no gluten and lactose. These are buckwheat, oatmeal, rice or corn grits. Read a useful article: >>>;
  • After 1-2 months, the child will be able to taste meat puree and dairy products;
  • After 9-10 months, fish should be introduced into his diet;
  • And only after 1 year, you can add carrot juice or juice from a green apple to complementary foods.

All of the above applies to the traditional feeding scheme given by pediatricians. Usually there are also large volumes for the child to eat.

But let's be honest, for 10 years of work, I have never seen a baby-baby who would eat 120-150 ml. vegetables or porridge for 1 feeding and at the same time, after 1-2 weeks, he would not close his mouth and would not refuse complementary foods at all.

Therefore, personally, I myself with my children, and in teaching mothers who come to the complementary feeding course, I give a slightly different scheme for introducing complementary foods.

We successfully combine pediatric complementary foods, with their product consistency, with pedagogical moments, in order to immediately accustom the child to clean and tidy table behavior.

You can learn this approach on the online course ABC of Complementary Feeding: Safe Introduction of Complementary Feeding for Infants >>>

When can juices be given to children and to what extent?

Even if, for some reason, you started introducing complementary foods early, then in no case should juicing complementary foods at 4 months become the norm.

Do not spoil the child's stomach and immediately withdraw any juice.

The opinion about the benefits of juices for the child's body is significantly exaggerated. But indigestion and allergic reactions in crumbs after early introduction of juices are very common.

Important! Juice should be introduced into complementary foods no earlier than 1 year, and even better later.

At the same time, it is advisable to dilute any juice with water, which will reduce the effect of acids on the delicate mucous membrane of the digestive tract.

Fruit as an alternative to juices

  • If this thought does not leave you either, then replace the juices with fruit purees. The amount of vitamins and other useful substances in them is much higher, moreover, they are less aggressive for the still immature digestive system of the child;
  • This can be done from 6-7 months. For your first fruit meal, use a baked green apple or pear. After heat treatment, the number of allergens in them will significantly decrease, but useful pectin will appear;
  • A month later, you can introduce your baby to an apricot or plum that is grown in your area;
  • But with citruses and other exotic fruits, it is better to wait up to 1 year, as they often cause allergic reactions.

Know! Fruit purees are administered in the same way as all other foods. For the first time, a crumb can eat no more than half a teaspoon of the product. If no negative reactions followed within 2-3 days, then the amount can be gradually increased.

The introduction of complementary foods is a very responsible and individual matter.

It is better to initially do everything right and not bite your elbows, which tore off the child's gastrointestinal tract and now he does not eat anything or is covered with an allergic crust.

The next step is porridge. We will postpone the traditionally favorite semolina porridge for up to a year, since it contains gluten (in some children, this protein can cause gluten enteropathy), and turn our attention to gluten-free varieties: rice, buckwheat and corn (we are talking about special baby corn porridge). Moreover, if the baby has a tendency to constipation, start with buckwheat, in the presence of exudative diathesis - with rice or corn porridge. It is not at all necessary to switch to milk porridge (with cow's milk) in the first year of a child's life, and even more so, you should not cook porridge in whole milk. It is better to use formulas intended for children 6-12 months.

How to cook porridge?

Go through and rinse the cereals well, boil the porridge - preferably in water, then you can add expressed breast milk. If the child is artificially fed, the mixture used in the diet can be added to the cooked porridge. Then it is better to wipe the porridge through a sieve and bring it to a boil again. Another option is also possible - grind the cereal in a coffee grinder in advance (provided that the latter is well washed and there are no coffee residues in it). The ratio of cereals and water for home cooking is gradually changing: in the first 2-3 weeks, the child receives 5% porridge (that is, 5 g of cereal per 100 ml of water), then, with good product tolerance - 10% (that is, 10 g of cereal per 100 ml of water).

You can also purchase ready-made commercial porridge. Choose those that do not contain sugar - the taste of the child is different from yours, and you should not teach your baby to sweets early.

At first, dilute the porridge exactly according to the instructions, later you can be less accurate, gradually increasing the thickness of the porridge with age. But even a very thin porridge must be given from a spoon, and not use a bottle for this.

Porridge is introduced into the menu in much the same way as vegetable puree. But, unlike vegetables, porridge is given for breakfast:

6.00 - breast milk or formula (200 g)
10.00 - dairy-free porridge (10-15 g) plus breast milk or mixture (185-190 g)


During the 10 hour feed, gradually increase the porridge volume to 150 g and reduce the mixture to 50 ml.

By the end of the week, you have the following menu:

6.00 - breast milk or formula (200 g)
10.00 - dairy-free porridge (150 g) plus breast milk or formula (50 g)
14.00 - vegetable puree (150 g) plus mixture (50 g)
18.00 - breast milk or formula (200 g)
22.00 - breast milk or formula (200 g)

Just as with the introduction of vegetable puree, you need to monitor how the baby assimilates a new product for himself. Pay attention to the condition of the skin, stool, weight gain. After the introduction of the full volume of porridge (150 g) into the diet, butter is added to the finished dish (5 g of butter per 150 g of porridge).

And don't forget: that at night a natural child can be given a breast, and a baby on artificial feeding - only water, but not a mixture.

With extreme care

Some parents already at the age of 3-4 months begin to introduce juices and even fruit purees into the baby's diet. It is unlikely that such an approach to nutrition can be considered correct, but if this happened and the fruits are normally absorbed by the body,

the menu will look like this:

6.00 - breast milk (mixture 200 g)
10.00 - dairy-free porridge 150 g plus breast milk (juice or fruit puree - 30 ml)
14.00 - vegetable puree 150 g plus breast milk (juice or fruit puree - 40 ml)
18.00 - breast milk (mixture 200 g)
22.00 - breast milk (mixture 200 g)

The amount of juice and fruit puree per day is calculated using the following formula: N x 10 ml, where N is the child's age in months. Thus, a seven-month-old baby can receive 70 ml of juice or 70 ml of fruit puree per day.

Another product that can be introduced into the diet of a baby at this age is egg yolk, hard-boiled. This is a valuable source of healthy fats, vitamin A, as well as iron, phosphorus and some other minerals, but at first the child is allowed to taste only a few grains.In the absence of an allergic reaction, the amount can be increased to half 1 yolk 2 times a week, and by the year 1 yolk every other day (or half an yolk every day). The yolk is rubbed with breast milk or mixture, given with porridge or vegetable puree.

Gluten enteropathy is a bowel disease associated with insufficient production of enzymes that break down gluten, a vegetable protein found in some cereals: rye, barley, oats, as well as wheat, from which semolina is made.

Child's menu by months. Month 8

Baby meat

Meat is a valuable source of animal protein and minerals (phosphorus, potassium, iron). This can be lean beef or veal, lean pork, horse meat, venison, rabbit or chicken, and tongue.

ATTENTION. Veal and chicken require caution. If a child has an intolerance to cow's milk, it is better to refuse veal, and chicken in some cases can cause an allergic reaction.

Cook at home. If you are preparing meat puree at home, remember that it must be very well chopped, because the baby is not yet able to chew properly. Boil meat without fat, peeled from veins and films, and turn it twice through a meat grinder, then rub through a sieve. But even in this form, the baby may not like it at first, because in its consistency it differs from the usual mushy food. So that the child does not have a negative reaction to this necessary product, you can mix minced meat with vegetable puree in the first days. After a week or two, try not to mix it with vegetables, but give it separately. To prevent the minced meat from being dry, mash it with breast milk or formula, and place the mashed potatoes on the side of a plate as a side dish.

At 9 months, the child can be offered meatballs, and in a year - steam cutlets. Meat broths are not used in the nutrition of children of the first year of life - they contain substances cooked from meat and can negatively affect the child's body. It is much more useful to use vegetable broths without salt and spices for cooking meat dishes (they will also be very useful for a young mother, who often suffers from excess weight accumulated during pregnancy). Use all cooked meat dishes immediately, do not store.

Puree from the store. If you prefer to buy ready-made baby food, choose a puree made from one type of meat (mono-product) without the addition of spices and potato starch. This is especially important if your child is prone to food allergies. It is necessary to select a meat product for it, taking into account individual tolerance. In the future, you can expand the range of meat dishes by introducing canned meat and vegetable products, but you still need to pay attention to their composition and the degree of grinding (the age from which this product can be used is indicated on the package). Many canned meat and vegetable foods contain carrots, besides, it is often included in a variety of juices - healthy children can be given these products no more than 1-2 times a week, otherwise an excess of beta-carotene will be deposited in the skin, and it can turn yellow.

At first, it is convenient to use jars of baby food marked "1st step". In them, the volume of the product is small, and the meat puree is subject to the greatest degree of grinding.

The contents of the jars are sterile, ready-to-drink and, regardless of seasonality, contain the necessary nutrients.

When choosing mashed potatoes for a child, you should pay attention to the indicated age recommendations, that is, the time frame from which this product can be introduced into the baby's diet. Unfortunately, these guidelines do not always coincide with the recommendations of domestic pediatricians and nutritionists. Therefore, before you buy, and even more so give your child something new, you should first consult with a specialist.

We teach gradually

It is possible to start introducing mashed potatoes into the child's diet literally with half a teaspoon, then, the next day, if the product is well tolerated, a teaspoon (5 g). During the next week, the volume of complementary foods is adjusted to 5-6 teaspoons (25-30 g). A full portion of meat at the 9th and 10th months is 40 g, and by 11-12 months - 50-70 g per day.

An 8 month old baby's menu may look something like this:

6:00 - breast milk or formula (200 g);

10:00 - dairy-free porridge (150 g), Ѕ yolk (after the introduction of meat, it is advisable to transfer the yolk to breakfast), breast milk or mixture (50 g);

14:00 (lunch) - vegetable broth (20-30 ml), vegetable puree (150 g), meat puree (30 g), breast milk or mixture (50 g). Of course, you can give not just broth, but in fact a vegetable soup (vegetable broth and some mashed vegetables);

18:00 - breast milk or formula (200 g);

22:00 - breast milk or formula (200 g).

If juices and fruit purees were introduced earlier (at 3-4 months), then the menu may look different:

6:00 - breast milk (mixture 200 g);

10:00 - dairy-free porridge (150 g), Ѕ yolk, juice (20-30 ml), fruit puree or breast milk (30-40 ml);

14:00 (lunch) - vegetable broth (20-30 ml), vegetable puree (150 g), meat puree (30 g), juice or breast milk (30-40 ml);

18:00 - breast milk or formula (160-170 g), fruit puree (30-40 ml);

22:00 - breast milk (mixture 200 g).

As a reminder, the volume of each feeding is approximately 200-250 ml. Thus, a child receives about 1000 ml of food per day (with a five-time feeding regimen).

When buying canned meat for future use, pay attention to the expiration date: it should be "with a margin" up to one and a half years.
Reheat canned meats just before eating.

An open glass jar with unused puree can be stored in the refrigerator, but no more than a day.

The contents of the opened tin can be transferred to a glass container with a lid and also stored in the refrigerator. There is another solution: someone from the household will eat the half-eaten.

Child's menu by months. Month 9

Cottage cheese, according to the methodological recommendations officially existing in our country, can be introduced into the diet already from 5-6 months. In practice, such an early introduction of cottage cheese into the menu of a healthy child is not always justified: an excess of proteins in a baby's diet at an early age can "respond" in an unpleasant way in adulthood - high blood pressure and metabolic disorders. Some pediatricians insist that until the baby is 1 year old, you need to refrain from cottage cheese. But most often the child is offered to "acquaint" with this protein product from about 8-9 months (after the introduction of porridge, vegetable and meat puree).

The introduction of kefir also requires careful attention. Research in recent years has shown that this should not be done until the baby is 9 months old. The fact is that its earlier use can adversely affect the child's body: the use of 400 ml of kefir per day can cause hemorrhages in the intestines with the development of anemia.

With the introduction of fermented milk products, the type of feeding the child is also important. Recently, in the publications of domestic nutritionists, the following procedure for introducing complementary foods has been recommended. For a natural child: vegetable puree, then meat, cereals, cottage cheese, kefir, etc. For an artificial child, the procedure for prescribing complementary foods may correspond to traditional recommendations: vegetable puree, cereals, meat, cottage cheese, etc.

Cottage cheese

Cottage cheese, like any fermented milk product, is given to the baby once a day. It is better to introduce it in an 18-hour feeding: on the first day, you can give no more than Ѕ teaspoon. The increase should take place as slowly as possible: first, the volume is brought to 20 g, then to 30-35 g, and only by the year the volume of cottage cheese can be increased to about 50 g per day.

Of course, it is not permissible to use cottage cheese bought in a regular store in food - only a special children's one is suitable for these purposes. However, curd can be cooked at home (it is stored in the refrigerator for no more than 24 hours). Domestic nutritionists offer two cooking options: unleavened (calcined) and sour (kefir).

Calcined curd is prepared using a calcium chloride solution purchased from a pharmacy. To 3 ml of this preparation add 300 ml of milk, which is pre-boiled and cooled. The resulting mixture is stirred, brought to a boil (it is advisable to use enameled dishes), then cooled to room temperature. The resulting cottage cheese is thrown onto a sieve covered with clean gauze, squeezed out and transferred to a sterile dish.

For the preparation of sour cottage cheese, children's or one percent kefir is used. It is poured into a jar, which is placed in a pot of water. A cloth napkin is preliminarily placed on the bottom of the pan (so that the jar does not burst). 5 minutes after the water boils, the clot formed in the jar is thrown onto clean gauze. As soon as the cottage cheese cools down, you can give it to the baby. To get 50 grams of cottage cheese, you need about 100 grams. kefir.

Kefir

Kefir, like cottage cheese, is usually offered for "supper" - at 18 o'clock feeding. Also start with a small volume (20-30 ml) and gradually bring it up to 200 ml. You should not exceed the recommended volume. Be sure to feed from a cup.

Of course, this should not be an "adult" fermented milk drink, but its children's version ("Tema", "Agusha", etc.), the composition and quality of which best suits the needs of your baby.

It is possible to use fermented milk mixtures intended for children aged 6 to 12 months. (especially if the child does not like the taste of traditional kefir). As with other foods, you shouldn't force-feed your baby. But it is better not to leave the portion unfinished (as a last resort, if there is no one to finish the portion, you can leave the cup in the refrigerator until the next day).

When fermented milk products are introduced in full, the menu may look like this:

6.00 - breast milk or formula (200 ml)

10.00 - porridge (150 ml), egg (Ѕ yolk), breast milk or mixture (50 ml)

14.00 - vegetable broth (20-30 ml), vegetable puree (150 ml), meat puree (35-40 g), breast milk

18.00 - kefir or fermented milk mixture (170-180 ml), cottage cheese (20-30 g)

Another menu option is for a kid already familiar with juices and fruit purees:

6.00 - breast milk or formula (200 ml)

10.00 - porridge (150 ml), egg (Ѕ yolk), fruit puree (30-40 ml), juice or breast milk (20-30 ml)

14.00 - vegetable broth (20-30 ml), vegetable puree (150 g), meat puree (35-40 g), juice or breast milk (60-70 ml)

18.00 - kefir or fermented milk mixture (150 ml), cottage cheese (20-30 g), fruit puree or breast milk (50-60 ml)

22.00 - breast milk or formula (200 ml)

After any meal, if the baby wishes, you can give him breast milk.


Bread and other foods

If your baby already has front teeth (there may be four or five of them by this age), then along with kefir you can offer him special children's instant cookies. Once in the mouth, such cookies dissolve easily under the influence of saliva, so the danger of choking is practically excluded. However, the child should eat everything early only in your presence. Start small, literally 3-5 g of cookies, then work up to 10-15 g.

From the moment the baby begins to learn new foods other than breast milk or formula, most of the time has been spent gradually introducing new foods and observing their absorption. Therefore, there was practically no opportunity for a variety of dishes. But after you make sure that the child tolerates kefir and cottage cheese well (no tummy hurts, no rashes on the skin, normal stool), try to introduce new types of cereals, vegetable and meat purees. And don't forget: everything has to happen gradually. Only one new product can be introduced per day, no more, and you need to start with small doses.

Anemia is anemia, a condition characterized by a decrease in the hemoglobin content in the blood. Because hemoglobin carries oxygen, a lack of it leads to painful changes associated with poor oxygen supply to the body.

Child's menu by months. Month 10

Juices and fruit purees

If over the past months the introduction of new products into the child's diet took place without complications and painful reactions of the body, if you did not have to interrupt the process, postponing the further expansion of the menu, then your baby is ready to appear in his menu of juices and fruit purees. To date, there is no consensus among experts about the timing of their introduction. But they agree on one thing: juices and fruit purees in the first year's menu may appear much later than previously recommended (at 3-4 months, as the first complementary food product). Indeed, the main purpose of introducing new food into the children's diet is to get the baby's body more energy and nutrients necessary for active growth and development, while breast milk or infant formula can no longer meet the needs of a rather large child for basic nutritional ingredients. It has been established that the nutritional value of fruit juices and purees is not great, they provide the body with crumbs in vitamins by only 2%, and can also irritate the intestines, causing bloating, rumbling, abdominal pain and unstable stools or allergic reactions. Such phenomena postpone the introduction of new complementary foods, and the baby is left at a loss. Based on this, pediatricians and children's nutritionists first of all recommend enriching the child's diet with foods that really have nutritional value: vegetable purees, cereals, meat purees. The appearance of fruit juices and purees in the baby's menu can be considered as a pleasant addition. Therefore, one of the options for the timing of the introduction of juices can be as follows: their introduction after all the main foods of complementary foods, at about 10 months. Of course, if a child is transferred to artificial feeding, then it is quite possible for him to inject juices and fruit purees at an earlier date (at 4-5 months; it is believed that the gastrointestinal tract of an artificial baby has time to adapt to "someone else's" food by this time) , which corresponds to the methodological recommendations of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia, existing at the present time. Usually, acquaintance begins with literally a few drops of apple juice (as the least allergenic, with good digestibility and low acidity) in one of the morning feedings. If the juice is to the taste of the crumb, the stool has not changed, and there are no rashes on the skin, then the next day, boldly increase the portion of the drink to a teaspoon, and then gradually bring it to 100 ml. It is not at all necessary to give the entire serving at once: divide it into two doses (for breakfast and lunch; keep an open jar in the refrigerator). When using commercial baby juices, choose clarified and sugar-free juices. To make juice at home, you will need a juicer and sterilized dishes (for ready-made juice), but you can also use a plastic grater (well-washed green apples pour boiling water over, peel, grate, transfer to sterile gauze and squeeze the juice). Be sure to dilute the resulting juice with boiled water (at the rate of 1: 1).

After getting used to apple juice, crumbs can be offered other types of juice: pear, plum, cherry, apricot, peach, blackcurrant; as well as vegetable: carrot, cabbage, beetroot. It is advisable to put off grape juice until a later period (after a year), as it increases gas formation in the intestines, causing bloating and abdominal pain.

Since the child is already well acquainted with thick food, after the introduction of the full volume of apple juice (and provided it is well tolerated), you can offer applesauce (starting from 5-10 g and bringing the daily volume to 100 g in just a few days).

Thus, the baby's menu may look like this:

10.00 - porridge (150 ml), egg (Ѕ yolk), applesauce (30-40 ml), apple juice (20-30 ml);

14.00 - vegetable broth (20-30 ml), vegetable puree (150 g), meat puree (35-40 g), apple juice (60-70 ml);

18.00 - kefir or fermented milk mixture (150 ml), cottage cheese (20-30 g), applesauce (50-60 ml);

But the introduction of new types of juice and fruit puree, again, should be gradual (with observation of the stool and skin).

Note: some types of juices and purees have a fixing effect - they can cause constipation (blueberry, blackcurrant, pomegranate, cherry juices, mashed apples and bananas), so they are useful for children with unstable stools (of course, without replacing the necessary treatment for possible pathology). And apple-apricot puree, prune puree, cabbage and beetroot juices can be given to children with a tendency to constipation.

Meat dishes

What else will change in the diet of a ten month old baby? Meat puree can be alternated with meatballs, soufflés, or meatballs. In stores or baby food departments, ready-made turkey or veal meatballs in broth are sold, made specifically for children (without the addition of spices, preservatives, and other additives harmful to the child's body). But it is not difficult to cook them yourself.

Meat recipes

Meatballs: meat is cleaned from films, fat, passed through a meat grinder together with wheat bread soaked in milk, and passed through a meat grinder for the second time. Add a little milk (mixture), butter and yolk, knead well, form meatballs and boil in boiling water for 10-15 minutes.

Soufflé from animal or bird meat: boil meat, peeled from films and fat, mince twice, add milk (mixture), flour, egg yolk and mix thoroughly, then add the egg white, whipped into the foam. Put the mass in greased tins and bake in the oven until fully cooked for about half an hour.

Danger of allergies

If the baby has allergic reactions to any foods, then with the introduction of chicken and fish into the diet, it is worth waiting (at least until the age of 1-1.5 years). Rabbit meat, horse meat, turkey, lean pork, beef are recommended for such children. We remind you that foods with high allergenicity (that is, more often than others causing allergic reactions) include whole milk, fish, eggs, seafood (shrimp, mussels, squid, etc.), carrots, tomatoes, strawberries, raspberries, oranges, tangerines, kiwi , pineapples, pomegranates, mango, melon, persimmon, chocolate, mushrooms, nuts, honey, wheat, rye.

Of the products with moderate allergenicity (but also often causing allergic reactions), bananas and chicken meat should be noted. As a rule, such products are recommended for use in baby food after the baby is one year old (and nuts, mushrooms, seafood - after 3 years).

It must be remembered that for a healthy child of ten months, up to 100-150 ml of additional liquid is needed (it can be offered between feedings): this can be boiled water, rosehip broth, and also apple infusion. per day, and in hot weather - up to 180-200 ml. It is not at all difficult to prepare a decoction of rose hips: wash and dry the rose hips, chop, put them in boiling water for 10 minutes, then leave for 3-4 hours (preferably in a thermos). Then strain and add some fructose. The infusion of apples is prepared in approximately the same way: rinse the apples thoroughly, cut, pour boiling water over and boil for 10 minutes, and then leave for a day. Fructose can be added to the finished infusion.

Child's menu by months. Month 11

What, how and how much to feed a baby is one of the favorite topics of long conversations and discussions among young mothers on the playground. After all, the baby's health directly depends on proper nutrition. Of course, this can only be judged by a number of factors. If the baby is gaining weight well and gaining in height (while the weight of the child corresponds to his height - there is no excess or deficiency of body weight in relation to height), if the baby is cheerful, not irritable, sleeps peacefully, his teeth are teething on time, psychomotor development corresponds age, the blood test is normal (the number of erythrocytes and hemoglobin values ​​are normal, that is, there are no signs of anemia), while you adhere to the recommended feeding volumes and a set of foods, then, most likely, the child's diet is correct.

Eleven months is the age when the baby, on the one hand, has already grown so much that he can receive almost all types of food (cereals, vegetables, meat, cottage cheese and other dairy products, bakery products, fruits), on the other hand, his food has its own characteristics.

Let's remind:

- it is advisable to introduce some types of products at an older age (1-3 years), for example, products with a high ability to cause allergies: exotic fruits, citrus fruits, nuts, whole milk, fish, etc.;

- the degree of grinding food is still different from the "adult";

- absence of spices, potato starch and other additives in food;

- food is steamed or boiled. Fried or grilled food should not be offered until at least 3 years of age.

So, the menu for a child at the age of eleven months looks something like this:

6.00 - breast milk or formula (200 ml);

10.00 - porridge (150 ml), egg (Ѕ yolk), fruit puree (30-40 ml), fruit juice (20-30 ml);

14.00 - vegetable broth (20-30 ml), vegetable puree (150 g), meat puree (35-40 g), fruit juice (60-70 ml);

18.00 - kefir or fermented milk mixture (150 ml), cottage cheese (20-30 g), fruit puree (50-60 ml);

22.00 - breast milk or formula (200 ml).

After each feeding (and at any time - at the request of the child), breast milk can be offered.

How to diversify the baby's diet?

What can you offer him, for example, for lunch as a meat dish? This is a steamed cutlet, and soufflé from various types of meat, and meatballs. For garnish - mashed vegetables (potatoes, zucchini, pumpkin, carrots, etc.). Salads made from raw vegetables (for example, carrots seasoned with vegetable oil or a salad of cucumbers and tomatoes with vegetable oil or natural yogurt, or baby cream) are also allowed as a "snack" for a healthy child by one year old. Vegetables are grated. At the end of lunch, offer the baby juice, jelly, fruit compote, rosehip infusion.

A gradual transition to an "adult" diet will lead to the formation of breakfast, lunch, afternoon tea and dinner, plus a glass of baby kefir (baby drinking yogurt) before bedtime.

Breakfast- porridge, yolk, fruit puree.

Dinner- vegetable salad, soup, vegetable puree, meat puree (cutlet, meatballs, etc.), juice.

Afternoon snack- kefir (drinking yoghurt for children), cottage cheese (curd souffle), juice.

Dinner- vegetable puree, meat or cereal-vegetable dish, fruit puree or juice.

Before bedtime- fermented milk drink.

Some mums might get the impression that they now need to spend the whole day in the kitchen. But it’s not that bad. You can easily combine the preparation of children's meals at home with industrial products. For example, make vegetable soup and add ready-made baby food to it - turkey or beef meatballs. By the way, you can cook such meatballs yourself from fresh meat, then form portions (for example, 8-10 pieces, depending on their size and baby's age). You can store these semi-finished products in the freezer and use them as needed. You can mix "homemade" mashed potatoes with ready-made mashed potatoes in a jar of carrots, zucchini or pumpkin. The range of industrial cereals offered in children's stores is also very wide. You can diversify breakfasts by mixing various cereals (for example, oatmeal with milk and peach and buckwheat porridge).

And do not forget that you need to cook food only in a good mood, not to mention that the feeding process should be joyful and pleasant for both you and your baby.

Child's menu by months. 1 year

If you are one of the mothers who have still lactated, do not rush to wean your beloved child from the breast. Research confirms the value of even occasional breastfeeding in a second year of life. So, in the morning and in the evening (or at any time and in any place) we continue to give the baby not only food, but also a feeling of peace, security and confidence in mother's love.

During this time, the baby's diet has also significantly expanded: now it is not only breast milk or formula, but also other types of products. Let's take a closer look.

So, on breakfast you can offer porridge plus half the yolk, fruit puree (fruit can be added to porridge). A one-year-old baby can be given both gluten-free (corn, buckwheat, rice) and gluten-containing cereals (wheat, oatmeal, semolina). The volume of porridge remains the same - 150-200 ml. Do not forget to add butter (5 g) to the porridge. Drinks - tea, fruit infusion, juice. Another breakfast option is a steam omelet, both from the yolks and from the proteins. The daily consumption of eggs is Ѕ pieces, but since you only give an omelette 2-3 times a week, a single serving will increase accordingly. For an omelet - a piece of bread with butter (at the age of one to one and a half years, a baby can receive up to 15 - 20 g of butter per day) or cheese and a drink (compote, jelly). It is better to choose white bread for a child of this age, since it is easier to digest (volume - up to 40 g per day).

Dinner You can start with a salad of vegetables - from cucumbers, tomatoes or carrots, finely chopped or grated on a coarse grater, with the addition of vegetable oil (5-7 g) or sour cream (5-10 g). Soup options: milk soup with noodles (note: pasta is not often given - about 1 time per week, in a small amount of 30-35 g), vegetable (from cauliflower, cabbage soup, borsch, etc., including puree soups). For the second - vegetable puree (after twelve months, turnips, beets, radishes, green peas, beans are added to the vegetables already consumed) and a meat dish (note that the meat is cooked separately, not in soup) - mashed potatoes, soufflés or meatballs. Potatoes should not be overused, as they contain a large amount of starch that can provoke allergies, frequent stools, increased gas production, excessive accumulation of fatty tissue). Therefore, it is better if the volume of potatoes is no more than 1/3 of the total volume of vegetable puree. After a year, the baby's diet expands with offal (tongue, heart, liver) and chicken meat. Fatty varieties of pork, lamb, as well as hard-to-digest duck and goose meat are not recommended for such babies. And, of course, there is no need to offer the child sausages, sausages or wieners. 1 - 2 times a week instead of meat, they give low-fat varieties of river or sea fish (in the absence of an allergic reaction) - for example, hake or pollock. The introduction of fish into the diet should take place according to all the rules for the introduction of new complementary foods: from small quantities (5 - 10 g), gradually increasing the volume, observing the tolerance (stool, skin condition). The daily consumption of fish for a child of this age is about 25 - 30 g, which means that by offering fish a couple of times a week, you can give your child about 70 - 80 g of fish at a time. From drinks, make jelly, compote, fruit infusion, or offer your child juice (both freshly squeezed and industrial, but always specialized for children).

For an afternoon snack(except for the already familiar baby cottage cheese and kefir), it is possible to cook dishes from cottage cheese (cottage cheese soufflé, cottage cheese with sour cream, closer to one and a half years (happy owners of a large number of teeth) - pancakes with cottage cheese (of course, not often - once a week). this, give juice or fruit puree, as well as low-fat types of cookies (for example, every other day) Pay attention to the need to use only specialized children's kefir and cottage cheese in the baby's diet (quality control of production and composition of baby food is higher than that of “adult” products But from the usual purchased cottage cheese you can make curds and soufflés (that is, you should offer your baby “adult” cottage cheese only after heat treatment).

Dinner a one-year-old baby can consist of a vegetable-meat or vegetable-cereal dish (options offered by domestic nutritionists - soufflé from zucchini with mashed potatoes, oatmeal porridge with pumpkin, stewed beets with apples, stew of vegetables with mashed potatoes) plus juice or fruit puree. The range of fruits offered (as well as purees and juices) at this age is replenished by the introduction of so-called exotic fruits (for example, kiwi), as well as citrus fruits (oranges), strawberries, and other species (if the child has not tried them before) - gooseberries, raspberries , blackberries, cherries and cranberries. Usually, the baby is offered no more than 100 ml of juice and no more than 100 g of fruit puree per day.

Before bedtime - breast milk or fermented milk drink (baby kefir).

The child's diet should not include(no matter how much mom and - especially grandparents would like it) cakes, pastries and even more so chocolates. If you really want to pamper the crumbs with sweets, choose marshmallow, jam, jam (it is better if they are on fructose), marmalade.

And remember the basic rules: food for a baby aged from one to one and a half years - four to five times a day, that is, with a break between feedings for about 4 hours. Try to follow the diet strictly enough so that the child develops a conditioned reflex (that is, by a certain time the digestive system will be ready to accept and digest food). The calorie content of food intake is different: lunch should be the most high-calorie one, then, in decreasing order, dinner, breakfast, afternoon tea. The daily amount of food (not counting liquid) is 1000 - 1200 ml (such recommendations remain for about one and a half years).

Be sure to follow the rules for the introduction of new products, monitor the freshness of food and the cleanliness of the baby's dishes (as well as his and his hands) in order to avoid intestinal infection.

Gluten is a vegetable protein found in some cereals: rye, barley, oats, as well as wheat, from which semolina is made, which can cause damage to the cells of the small intestine in young children - celiac disease and allergic reactions, since babies have a deficiency of the peptidase enzyme that breaks down gluten.

With the advent of a child, parents have a question, when and how to add juice to complementary foods? Are they really that good for babies? Let's figure it out.

Are fruit juices really good for young children?

Freshly squeezed juices are certainly good for the body. Including them in your daily diet:

  • normalizes metabolism;
  • strengthens the immune system;
  • restore water balance;
  • saturates the body with essential vitamins and electrolytes.
Timely introduced complementary foods will eliminate the deficiency of nutrients, teach the baby to chew and form the right sense of taste for food

From birth, the baby receives all the necessary nutrients with mother's milk, and in cases of impossibility of breastfeeding, with. This is exactly the product in which there is absolutely everything for the development and growth of the crumbs.

But over time, the child's needs for incoming nutrients increase and breast milk is no longer sufficient for adequate nutrition.

From this period, the child's diet should be gradually expanded. And a fresh, clarified fruit drink is the right place to start. The only question remains, when does this period begin? When will it be safe and beneficial for the baby's body to introduce juices while breastfeeding?

Time of product introduction without harm to the body

There are still debates about when it is possible to give juice to babies. Soviet pediatricians recommended dropping it from 3 weeks of age. Later it turned out that the pancreas is not yet fully functioning in newborns and enzymes that break down the substances contained in the nectar are not produced. Whether to give water to newborns with hepatitis B, read.

In addition, fruit acids, which are part of natural drinks, have a detrimental effect on the mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, their introduction before the final formation of the functions of all organs of the gastrointestinal tract leads to the early development of various diseases of the pancreas, stomach and other organs.

Currently, different scientists indicate the age range of administration from 4 to 6 months. But it is better to listen to practicing pediatricians who give an accurate answer on how to individually determine for each child the time to start the introduction of fresh juices.

Fresh fruit feeding rules

Apple juice is administered to infants according to the following scheme:

A month after the introduction of apple nectar, you can add to the baby's diet:

  • pear,
  • pumpkin;
  • carrot juice for babies can be added from 8-9 months of age;
  • at the same time, you can also introduce a banana;
  • further plum;
  • cabbage;
  • beetroot.

Komarovskiy E.O., pediatrician, Candidate of Medical Sciences, TV presenter, Kharkov

All children are born very different. And the functions of the digestive system are also different for them.

Therefore, the right to decide at what age, and with what juice to start complementary feeding, leave it to the attending pediatrician.

When fresh is harmful

Complementary juices can lead to undesirable consequences. This happens in case of violation of the cooking rules and in a number of other cases:

In addition, an allergic reaction may begin in the baby. Allergies can be caused by high levels of beta-carotene in the vegetables and fruits used. Therefore, at an early age, it is better to exclude fresh fruits and vegetables of rich orange and red colors.

Various chemicals used to grow plants can also cause a hypersensitive reaction: fertilizers, pesticides and other toxic agents.

In case of insufficient processing of fruits and vegetables before use, mold spores may remain on the fruits, which will also lead to allergic reactions.

Zaykova E.B., pediatrician, clinic "MedioMed", Novosibirsk

Any product should be started in very small doses. Carefully, increasing the portion, monitor the baby's condition.

It is necessary to switch to a new species no earlier than a week after reaching the age dose of the previous complementary foods.

In infants, allergies can have a variety of manifestations: from mild malaise to the development of Quincke's edema. The most common symptoms of individual idiosyncrasy are:

  • increased regurgitation;
  • the appearance of colic in the abdomen;
  • redness, flaking and rashes on the skin.

Read about the causes of frothy stools in a child.

If such symptoms appear, the baby must be urgently shown to the doctor.