Outdoor games for children in the younger group of kindergarten. Play activities in the nursery group of the kindergarten. From work experience
Nadezhda Bliznyuk
Word games for the nursery
Word games for the nursery
Card 1
Target games... To teach children to listen to the teacher's speech, to correlate the action with word of nursery rhyme, anwser the questions.
Stroke games... Children sit in a circle on chairs. The teacher is in such a position that everyone can see him, and is talking: "Children, now we will play the game" Okay ". Let's clap our hands! Clap! Clap! - clap our hands."
The words:
Okay, okay!
Where were you? - By Grandma!
What did you eat? - Koshka!
What did you drink? - Mint!
Kashka butter,
Sweet brew
Grandma is kind.
Drank, ate,
Shu-u-u-flew!
They sat on the head
They sat down, sat down,
Flew away!
Movement:
The teacher and the children quietly clap their hands in time the words of the nursery rhyme.
Raise their hands, wave them and put them on their heads. On the words"Flew away" spread their arms to the sides and put them on their knees.
Replaying the teacher after words"Where were you?" pauses and waits for answers children: "By Grandma"; "What did you eat?" - "Kashka"; "What did you drink?" - "Mug".
The next time the whole nursery rhyme is pronounced by the children together with the teacher.
Card 2
About magpie
Target games... Teach children to listen to their own word, to catch the rhythm of the nursery rhyme, to understand what it says.
Stroke games... Children sit in front of the teacher. The teacher, with the index finger of his right hand, makes circular movements in the palm of his left hand ("cooks porridge", sentencing:
The words:
Forty, forty,
Magpie - white-sided
I cooked porridge.
I rode on the threshold
I called guests.
Guests in the yard -
Porridge on the table.
This one on a platter
This on a silver platter
This is in a cup,
This one in a bowl
And she gave nothing to this
You didn't carry any firewood.
You didn't carry water
You didn't cook porridge.
Here's a spoon for you -
Cook your own porridge.
Here is a stump, here is a deck,
There is firewood,
There is hot water.
Movement:
The teacher and the children cook porridge "together.
Bend the fingers in turn, starting with the little finger.
The thumb does not bend.
When repeating games the teacher invites the children to help pronounce the nursery rhyme. After words"this" pauses, and the children finish the phrase: "on a silver platter", "in a cup", "in a bowl".
Card 3
Finger play
Target games... To teach to listen to speech, to understand what is said in the nursery rhyme, to correlate the words with finger actions.
Stroke games... The teacher examines the fingers on his hand, speaking: "This is a thumb, and these are smaller, but a very small one is a little finger. They all live side by side, like siblings."
The words
"Finger-boy,
Where have you been?" -
"With this brother -
I went to the forest
With this brother -
I cooked cabbage soup,
With this brother -
With this brother -
He sang songs! "
Movement:
The teacher shows his thumb and, turning to him, bends his fingers in turn.
"What song did he sing with his little brother?" - asks the teacher, referring to the children. Children offer to sing a familiar song ("Little gray cat", "Kalinka", and fingers "dance" (children raise their hands and "dance" with their fingers)... Card 4.
Horned goat
Target games... Amuse the children, teach them to listen to the rhyme to the end, to understand it.
Stroke games... After the children have looked at the picture of the goat, the teacher offers to play,
Children stand in front of the teacher, facing him. The teacher, holding out his index finger and little finger, goes to the children, sentencing:
There is a horned goat,
Goat is walking
For the little guys.
Legs top-top ,.
Eyes clap-clap,
Who does not eat porridge,
Who does not drink milk -
Butts,
butts,
butts.
At word"butts" children run away from the goat, and the teacher catches up with them. The next time a goat can choose one of the children, and then he himself repeats nursery rhyme words.
Card 5
Target games... Teach children to align the words poems with actions.
Stroke games... Children stand in a circle. The teacher chooses a bunny with a counting rhyme, he stands in the center of the circle. The teacher and the children walk in circles and sentenced:
Zainka, by sienichka
Take a walk, take a walk!
Gray, new
Walk, walk!
There will be no place for a hitchhiker,
Will jump out nowhere to gray
Zainka, you will jump -
Pop out
Gray, you will dance -
Will be released.
The teacher with the children hums a dance melody, everyone claps their hands, and the bunny dances. After this, the bunny is released from the circle and a new one is selected. The game is repeated 2-3 times. Card 6
In the poultry yard
Target games... To consolidate the knowledge of children about how poultry screams, to bring up the correct sound pronunciation
Stroke games... The teacher invites children to listen to new things poem:
Our ducks in the morning - Quack-quack-quack! Quack-quack-quack! Our geese by the pond - Ha-ha-ha! Ha-ha-ha! And the turkey in the yard - Ball-ball-ball! Baldy-bald! Our gulenki at the top - Grru-grru-u-grru-gru-u! Our chickens in the window - Kko-kko-kko-kko-ko-ko-ko! And how Petya-cockerel Early-early in the morning will sing to Us ku-ka-re-ku!
"How do ducks scream?" - asks the teacher. Children answer. So he clarifies, fixes the pronunciation of sounds with children.
Next time, the teacher divides all the children into groups -"ducks", "geese", "turkeys". "Our ducks in the morning," says the teacher, "and the duck children answer: "Quack-quack-quack! Quack-quack-quack!" etc.
This game teaches children to endure. Everyone wants to shout like ducks, but you can't, you must be able to remain silent, wait your turn.
Card 7
Target games... Develop the speech of children, exercise them in correct sound pronunciation.
Stroke games... Children stand one after another and depict galloping horses. The teacher becomes so that the children can see him, and together with the children pronounces nursery rhyme words(the words memorize in advance in class).
The words:
Top top top!
You gallop.
Fly, horse, soon, soon,
Through the rivers, through the mountains
All at a gallop, at a gallop, at a gallop.
Gop-gop-gop!
Whoa. - says the teacher.
The game can be repeated by changing the child.
Movement:
Children jump around the room, imitating the running of a horse. Running faster and faster.
Children stop and also say "whoa ...". Card 8
Target games... To develop the speech activity of children, to exercise them in the correct sound pronunciation, to consolidate the knowledge about the cockerel.
Stroke games... Children and the teacher sit on chairs in a circle. There is a cock chair in the middle. The teacher turns to children: "Children, look, whose hat is this? (Shows a bright cockerel hat.) Yes, it's a cockerel, let's play with it. Now we will choose a cockerel as a countdown, whom she will point to, he will be a cockerel. "(They choose a cockerel with the help of a countdown, they put a hat on him, and the teacher says quietly (in his ear that when he sits on a chair, he must loudly sing ka-re-ku "like a cockerel.) The cockerel sits on a chair and crows loudly. Then the teacher and the children say the words:
Cockerel, cockerel,
Golden scallop,
Butter head,
Silk beard,
Why are you getting up early?
What are you singing loudly?
You don't let your children sleep!
After words"You don't let your children sleep" the teacher suggests that the cock crow several times. Then a new cock is selected.
The teacher works on the expressiveness of the speech of children, teaches to highlight intonation words golden, oil, silk, teaches intonation to highlight the question, loudly and melodiously pronounce "ku-ka-re-ku. The game is repeated 3-4 times.
When choosing games for younger preschoolers, you need to take into account the degree of physical activity. You should alternate outdoor games with sedentary ones so that children do not overwork. It is desirable that the adult first play the game in small groups (2 - 4 people) and only then in the whole group.
No one should be out of the game, everyone participates until it ends. Children most of all like outdoor games, short-lived, with clear, simple rules. When the game is over, a result is summed up, those who completed the tasks well, and those who need to try in the future are named.
If a child wants to play with someone specific, you need to take into account his desire and not separate the children.
Games for the development of attention, memory and observation
Repeat exactly
Equipment: two tables, toys, paper (napkins). On one table there are 2-3 toys covered with paper (napkin), on the other - 3-5 toys are arranged.
The teacher lifts the paper (napkin). The child for 1-2 minutes carefully looks at the toys, trying to remember them. The teacher closes them again with paper or napkin.
Variants
1. The child comes to the second table and takes the toys that he just saw.
2. The child comes to the second table and arranges the toys in the same order in which they lie on the first table. She puts the excess toys aside.
3. Toys lie in different ways: upside down, on top of each other, etc. There are identical toys on the tables. The player repeats the arrangement of the toys.
I recognize the colors
Equipment: colored pencils, colored sticks or strips of thick colored paper (cardboard).
Colored pencils and sticks or strips of thick colored paper lie on two tables.
Variants
1. You need to remember the colors of the pencils. On the first table there are 6 pencils of two colors. The player looks at them for 1-2 minutes. The teacher covers the pencils with paper. On the second table, pencils are in a pile. The child takes one pencil of the desired color.
2. It is necessary to remember the number of piles and pencils in a pile. On the first table, pencils are in piles. The child looks and remembers how many piles and how many pencils there are. The adult covers the first table with paper. On the second table, the child lays out pencils in piles, as on the first table. With each game, the number of piles and pencils increases.
3. It is necessary to remember the number and color of pencils in the pile. Make two piles of pencils of different colors. Do not repeat pencil colors. You should start the game with one pile of two colored pencils, then three, etc.
Note... The game will be more interesting if 2 - 3 children come up to the table at the same time. You can change items on the tables. Instead of pencils, take plastic sticks, then colored strips of cardboard. Children need to feel the material.
Mirror
A group of 4-6 children stand in a line. The rest are spectators. The teacher stands in front of the children and shows 3-5 figures. He repeats each figure several times. Children carefully watch and repeat all the movements of an adult.
Then another group of children play.
Game and signal
On a small playground, children run, spin, squat, bend over. At the signal, the players stop, turn in the direction of the sound. The teacher says: "Everyone runs well." At the signal, the children start running again. A few minutes later, at a repeated signal, they stop running, the teacher asks to repeat her words: "Everyone runs well."
Note... The game must be repeated several times, changing the phrases, which should be very short ("Have fun"; "Make friends"; "Be smart").
One or two beeps
Children stand in a line. The teacher gives one signal (whistle or clap), the players raise one hand up, with two signals - both hands at once. Signals are given out of order: you can give several times one signal, and then two. At the end of the game, the teacher marks the most attentive children.
Closer to the finish line
Children stand in a line. At 10-15 steps from them, the teacher draws the finish line, stands near it and counts aloud. Children begin to walk in step to the finish line. If the teacher is silent, they stop, put their foot. The player who did not stop and took an extra step goes to the end of the line. Listening attentively, the children continue to walk towards the finish line. After all the distance has been covered, the teacher praises the most attentive and collected children. Note. Children can hold hands while learning to play.
Borsch and compote
Equipment: 2 tables, a box, dummies of vegetables and fruits, 2 pots.
There are 2 tables aside from the children, on one of them there is a box with dummies of vegetables and fruits, on the other - 2 pots. In this game, speed is not important, attention and knowledge are needed.
The children take turns coming up to the box and putting the vegetables into the pot to “cook the borscht”. Each player takes one vegetable out of the box, brings it to the pot and returns to its place. "The borscht was cooked." Game continues. Now the children take turns transferring the fruits from the box to the second pot. "So the compote is ready."
Variants
1. Each participant chooses completely products for cooking borscht or compote. The task is given and checked by the teacher.
2. Two players come up. One puts vegetables for borscht in a saucepan, and the other puts fruits for compote in a second pan.
Imitation games and recognition games
Who is this
Children sit on the bench. The teacher in turn asks to depict how a dog barks, a cat meows, a cow mooes, what sounds a crow makes (cuckoo, sparrow, dove, magpie). If it is difficult for children to do this, the adult shows.
We change the game a little. One of the children imitates an animal or bird not only with a voice, but also with characteristic movements. There are usually a lot of people who want to show how a bunny jumps. Let them show everything. It remains only to decide who will stay longer as a bunny and who turns out to be very similar.
There is enough space for all the animals
Children stand in a circle. The teacher asks who each of them would like to be: a bunny, a fox, a wolf, a bear, or even a tiger. Each group of "animals" has its own corner, dwelling.
Children walk in circles, imitating the animals they have chosen. The teacher says: "To the places." All "animals" scatter to their "dwellings". The one who quickly got to his "home" won.
Riding a horse
Equipment: sticks.
For children, a stick is a "horse". Two children are "good dogs" who love their mistress and help guard the house.
Children begin to slowly jump forward on sticks to the song.
At the end of the song, two "dogs" bark loudly, and the children stop on the "horses". The teacher or children hums the song.
Ride, ride a horse
The track is smooth.
A neighbor called us to visit
Eat sweet pudding.
We arrived for dinner
And the neighbor is not at home.
Two dogs at the doorstep
We were told strictly:
- Av-av-av!
- Woof woof woof!
Swedish folk song
When the game is repeated, other players become "dogs".
Poor hare
All children are "bunnies". They squat and bounce. Only one "bunny" wants to run away and hide faster. The teacher begins to sing the song. If the children know her, they sing along with the chorus.
At the end of the song, the "bunny" makes 2-3 small circles and hides behind something.
The hare is racing
What is urine
The hare wants to hide.
Then he runs
And circles
Then he lies -
The whole thing is trembling.
Poor, he
Afraid of everything ...
Ears are arrows
The tail is a twig
Jumped white
And - silence.
Kabardino-Balkarian folk song
When the game is repeated, the other player becomes the "bunny".
Help out
Equipment: stick or thick twig.
Children are sitting on a bench. One child - an "ant" carries an "oak" (stick or twig), tries very hard not to drop it. "Oak" is needed to repair the anthill, someone inadvertently damaged the house, touched it with a stick.
Children jump up from the bench, take the "ant" by the arms, help him carry the "oak". The teacher or children recite a poem in chorus or sing a song.
Ant in the thicket
Heavy oak drags.
Hey comrade friends
Help the ant out!
If there is no help for him,
The ant will stretch its legs.
Czech folk song
When the game is repeated, the other player becomes the "ant".
Hand Accuracy Games
Cubes in a box
Equipment: boxes, cubes.
Children are divided into two groups, each with a box of cubes. The first players place the cubes very neatly in the boxes: row by row. The second take out the cubes. The next participants do the same - placing and removing cubes from the boxes.
You should not rush, the main thing is accuracy. It should be noted the children who did everything well. When the game is repeated, the participants change places: who took out the cubes, now puts them down.
Option... Place and remove cubes with both hands (one hand).
Colored sticks
Equipment: colored sticks.
Each player has 4-6 colored sticks. We must put them in one row next to each other. To facilitate the task, draw a horizontal line on the table, from which to lay out the sticks close to each other.
Option. Put the sticks one after the other (without gaps) in one line.
Let's wrap the candy in a wrapper
Equipment: small cubes, cylinders, balls, paper.
The players are handed out one small cube, one small cylinder and a ball. You need to wrap them in pieces of paper to make a "candy". The cube can be wrapped on all sides, like a toffee. Children can take the initiative: wrap the "candy" as they want, as they like. You can show several images of candy wrappers or put real candies on the table.
Strong and dexterous fingers
Equipment: several sheets of colored paper the size of a candy wrapper, notebook sheets.
The teacher makes riddles. Children guess them.
Five brothers: equal for years, different in height. (Fingers.)
Two mothers have five sons, one name for all. (Hand with fingers, hands.)
Four brothers are walking towards the eldest. "Hello, highway!" "Hello, Vaska the pointer, Mishka the middle, Grishka the orphan and the little Timoshka." (Five fingers.)
The teacher organizes small competitions.
All children start the game at the same time. Each player has several pieces of colored paper the size of a candy wrapper. They need to be crumpled with one or two hands or rolled into a ball.
Then the sheets should be smoothed out so that they do not bulge: with two hands, fists, palm (first one, then the other), two palms.
Finger play
Children are sitting on the bench. The teacher stands so that everyone can see her. She makes simple movements with her fingers and a hand: bends one or three fingers, spreads her fingers, shakes her index finger, claps her hands, joins fingers, palms.
Children repeat movements that can be complicated.
Note. During the game, you need to tell that each finger has a name, name all fingers.
Mushroom picking
Equipment: cones, baskets.
The teacher sprinkles mushrooms (cones) on the floor. At the signal, the children begin to pick mushrooms in the basket in any way they want and can.
Option... It is allowed to pick mushrooms with only one hand: take one cone in one hand and put it into the basket.
Note... If there are many players, divide them into several small groups so that they do not interfere with each other picking mushrooms.
Playing with a ball
Equipment: ping pong ball.
Children join hands, form a chain. Then the hands are severed. The first player is holding a ping-pong ball. At the signal, the ball begins to be passed along the chain, shifting it from one hand to another.
You can play in groups (3-4 people). If the child drops the ball, he must pick it up, hold it in both hands and only then pass it on.
Games for the development of coordination
Simple check
Equipment: narrow path.
A narrow path of any length must be laid on the floor. The teacher invites the children to slowly walk along it one after another, turn around, and run back under it. Then you need to walk along the path with your hand raised, and run back with your hands up. Then the children put their hands on the belt and walk along the path, run back along it, keeping their hands on the belt. Participants should not go beyond the boundaries of the track, but only move along it.
Gently along the cord
Equipment: cord 4-6 m long.
The teacher puts the cord on the floor. You need to carefully walk along it so as not to move. You can make a serpentine path from the cord, which is more difficult to walk along. Those who cannot pass the line are helped by other participants in the game (take their hand).
Cross the corridor
Equipment: 6 chairs.
The teacher puts 6 chairs in two rows with backs to each other. The distance between them is about 50 cm. You need to go through the resulting corridor without touching the chairs.
Variants... Walk along the corridor of the chairs with your hand (s) raised; putting your hands behind your back; putting them on your head; putting one hand on his head and dropping the other.
When performing some tasks, the width of the corridor can be increased.
Curved track
Equipment: 4 chairs.
The teacher puts 4 chairs at a short distance from each other. It is necessary to pass (run around) them with a "snake" in one direction and the other.
Option. 3-5 participants make up a chain - they stand one after the other, wrap their arms around a neighbor and follow this path like a "snake". If the chain is broken, the culprit ends up.
I'm friends with a little pillow
Equipment: 2 chairs, pillow or rag ball.
The teacher puts 2 chairs at a distance of 3 m from each other, on the chair he puts a small soft pad (rag ball). Children are sitting on the bench. One participant approaches a chair, takes a pillow and, placing it on his head, goes to the opposite chair. Approaching him, he can straighten the pillow on his head, stand and walk back. The first player is replaced by the second, who does the same as the first. This continues until all the children have played. If the child drops the pillow, he must pick it up, put it on his head and move on. At first, you can hold the pad with one hand.
Path on the board
Equipment: board.
You need to walk along the board in the usual way. Having reached the end of the board, turn around and go back.
Option. You need to walk along the board, while the heel of the leg outstretched touches the toe of the other leg. First, it is better to practice - walk in this way on the floor.
Note. Children will find it much more interesting if they set the board on the block, raise the board to a height of 10-15 cm. At first, the players can be supported by the hand.
From bump to bump
On the floor in a straight line, the teacher draws 4-6 rectangles slightly larger than the child's foot. There is a "swamp" around the children, which can be passed by stepping on "bumps" - rectangles. Participants, walking (jumping) "from bump to bump", must get over the "swamp" and never stumble. If there are a lot of "bumps", some of them can be made large - for relaxation. You can stand on them with two feet. The distance between the "bumps" is chosen by the teacher.
Option. Arrange the "bumps" in a mess.
Eye development games
What's closer
Equipment: toys.
At some distance from the children, the teacher puts two toys: one further away, the other closer - at the distance of the child's step.
Asks each child which toy is closer to him and which is farther away.
Options. The two toys are at the same distance from the children; three toys: two on the same line, the third closer or farther from these two; three toys are on the same line, two of the three toys are side by side, the third is slightly off to the side. It is necessary to determine how far the third toy is located and how many toys can be placed between it and the rest; it is advisable to use cubes.
Cubes in a row
Equipment: cubes.
There are 3 - 5 cubes of different sizes on the table. You need to arrange them in a row in size.
Variants
1. On the table there are 5 - 7 cubes of different sizes. You need to arrange them in a row by size.
2. You need to collect a pyramid of cubes.
Stripes in a row
Equipment: strips of cardboard of different lengths.
Several children are playing. It is necessary to arrange cardboard strips of different lengths in piles. Some children choose long strips, others choose short ones, and still others choose strips of different lengths. Participants lay out the selected strips near themselves.
Variants
1. One player completes all three tasks - lays out the strips in three piles (long stripes, short strips and strips of different lengths).
2. Choose strips by color and size.
Pouches - in a hoop
Equipment: hoop, 3 bags of peas (rag balls).
Children stand in a column. There is a hoop in front of them. The players are given three bags of peas (rag balls). Children, in order, throw them into the hoop.
The distance to the hoop is chosen by the educator. With the repetition of the game, it increases.
Balls - to the basket
Equipment: basket (box or bucket), small balls. Each player has a small ball. There is a basket (box, bucket) at a distance of 1-2 m from the children. Participants throw balls into the basket in order. Variants
1. The players have 2-3 balls. You need to throw them into the basket.
2. The game is played in teams (2-3 people). Each participant has a ball. You need to throw the balls into the basket together.
Rings - on chair legs
Equipment: 2-3 small rings, stool. Each participant has 2-3 small rings. There is an overturned chair a few steps away. The children take turns toss the rings onto the chair legs. You need to throw them all on the legs, you can on one.
The game should start with one ring and a distance of 1-1.5 m.
The ball goes into the goal
Equipment: balls (balls), box.
Children take turns rolling balls (balls) into the goal. The distance to them is about 2 m. With the repetition of the game, it increases.
The gate is a box. You can take a whole one, from which the ball will not roll out, or you can take a box without a bottom, as it will be more convenient.
Outdoor games
Toy - in a circle
Equipment: toys.
The teacher draws a small circle in which he puts the toy. It must be stable (cube, pyramid). The first participant receives a toy. On a signal, he approaches the circle and replaces it. Returns to the place, passes the taken toy to the next participant. The second player goes and changes toys. This continues until all the children have played. Toys must be placed carefully so that they do not fall. The distance from the start to the circle is 2-4 m.
Note. The circle should be small. Children do not go into a circle, but only reach for a toy and replace it with another. This develops attention.
Pyramid and speed
Equipment: pyramid of 5 - 6 rings.
There is a pyramid of 5 - 6 rings on the table. The first player comes to the table and dismantles the pyramid. The next participant collects it. This continues until all the children have played.
When the game is repeated, the participants change places: who disassembled the pyramid now assembles it, and vice versa.
Note. If the pyramid is assembled incorrectly - the player made a mistake, he completes the task again.
Ring - on a peg
Equipment: shield with one peg, rings.
The teacher puts a shield with one peg. The first participant comes up and puts a ring on the peg. The second one removes it and passes it to the next player. This continues until all the children have played.
Option. A shield with several colored pegs is used. Each child is given a colored ring. The children take turns going up to the shield and putting the ring on the peg of the corresponding color. The number of rings can be increased.
Move the balls
Equipment: balloons.
There are two balloons on the table. The first player approaches the balls, picks them up and carries them to another place in the neighborhood. The second takes them and returns them to their place, the next again transfers the balls from the table. This continues until all the children have played.
Potatoes in a spoon
Equipment: large spoon, potato.
There is a chair at a short distance from the children. They stand in a column. Have the first playing potato in a big spoon. He holds the spoon with both hands. At the signal, the participant goes to the chair, sits down, then returns and passes the spoon with potatoes to the next player. This continues until all the children have played. If a child drops a potato, he must pick it up and continue moving.
Ball over head
Equipment: ball.
Children are lined up in a column. The first player has the ball in his hands. At the signal, he passes it over his head back to the second player and further along the chain. The last player, having received the ball, says: "I have the ball." If the child drops the ball, he must pick it up and pass it on.
Kangaroo jump
The teacher draws a line. The first player approaches her and jumps forward. The teacher marks the length of the jump. Children take turns jumping one after another.
Option. You can make teams of 2-3 children jumping at the same time. Complication: children join hands.
Triple jumps
Children take turns making triple jumps from a place, pushing off with both legs.
Note... You need to start the game with double jumps.
Round dance games
Round dance is a Russian folk game, movement in a circle with singing and dancing. It is best to lead round dances to music - a march, dance or song. Games combined with music, rhythm and movement have a great pedagogical impact. For children, it is always fun and joyful to lead a round dance, they all move together, sing and feel the music. Most games with music create freedom and ease of movement, are more amicable, faster, and children are more attentive.
Children's movements and actions should be related to the content of the music and its expressiveness. Children in games "listen" to music with their hands and feet, and not just with their ears.
Round dances can be led holding hands, walking in a circle in one direction or the other, stamping, converging in the center of the circle, then diverging - and so several times. Holding hands, walk in a circle with side steps, stop and clap your hands several times, then also go in the other direction with side steps. Holding hands, form a circle, converging in the center of the circle, raise your hands, diverging - lower them.
GAMES FOR SENIOR CHILDREN
JUNE
Game "Svetofor".
On the site, you need to draw two lines at a distance of 5 - 6 meters from each other. The players stand behind one line. The driver stands between the lines approximately in the middle with his back to the players. He names a color. If the players have this color in their clothes, they freely pass by the driver. If the player does not have such a color, then the driver can grease the running player. The soldier becomes the driver.
Game "WATER".
The driver stands in a circle with his eyes closed. The players walk in a circle with the words:
"Water, water,
That you are sitting under water
Look out for a little bit
For one minute
1, 2, 3".
The circle stops. "Waterman" points his hand at one player and approaches him without opening his eyes. His task is to determine who is in front of him. "Water" can touch the player standing in front of him, but you cannot open your eyes. If the driver guessed right, they change roles, and now the one whose name was named becomes the driver.
The driver is selected with the help of the reader. On the ground, two stripes are drawn with chalk at a distance of about 20 meters. This is the start and the finish. All players stand at the start line, and the driver - at the finish line, and turns his back to everyone. He says:
The players must manage to get as close as possible to the finish line before the end of the phrase, and after the word "stop" they must stop and freeze. If the driver noticed that someone continues to move, this player immediately returns to the very beginning of the path, and those who stopped in time and does not move remain in place. After that, the driver turns his back again and repeats the phrase. The participants of the game must have time to reach the finish line and touch the driver. The player who touched first takes his place and the game starts over.
2. The person whose movement the driver noticed after the word "stop" is out of the game
3. The winner is the one who first reaches the finish line and touches the driver - he takes his place, and the game starts over.
JULY
Game "Hare, hare, what time is it?"
The number of participants is at least three. The driver is called a hare. Participants stand behind the hare at the previously conceived distance from it. They take turns asking him the question: “Hare-Hare, what time is it? I'm in a hurry for my birthday! My watch is idle and does not want to work ”The hare, without looking at the participant (without turning his head), calls the distance to him using conventional units:
giant - a step to the full extent of the leg;
midget - when the heel of one leg is placed immediately in front of the toe of the other;
ant - make small steps on toes (one step immediately in front of the other);
umbrella - a circle around you on one leg;
duck - squatting steps;
frog - jump.
If the participant manages to get to the hare in a given "time", then he becomes the driver, and the game continues.
Deaf phone game
The first (who is also the presenter) whispers in the ear of the player sitting next to him any word (anything that is enough for imagination). The second also (in a whisper and in the ear) passes the word to the third, and so on - until the end. The last player stands up and says out loud what he heard.
Game "Above your feet from the ground"
Before the game, children choose an area beyond which they cannot run out. Then one catcher is chosen. He starts catching players who run away. And, as soon as he approaches someone at arm's length, everyone's task is to jump somewhere and preferably higher (for example, stand on a bench or a stone). In this position, the catcher has no right to resent them. If the driver still managed to beat the participant, then they change roles and the driver becomes the driver.
Rules:
1. Children caught by the driver must lift their feet off the ground. In this position, the catcher has no right to resent them.
2. The participant of the game is forbidden to be in one place with raised legs for more than 20-30 seconds, and the catcher is forbidden to lie in wait for the player.
3. If the catcher catches up with the player, then they change roles.
AUGUST
The game " Paints"
The driver is chosen - "monk" and the leader - "seller". All the rest of the players guess the colors of the paints in secret from the "monk". Colors should not be repeated.
The game begins with the fact that the driver comes to the "store" and says: "I, a monk, in blue pants, came to you for paint." Seller: "For what?" Monk: (names any color) For blue. If there is no such paint, then the seller says: "Go along the blue path, you will find blue boots, diarrhea, but bring them back!" "Monk" starts the game from the beginning.
If there is such a paint, then the player who made this color tries to escape from the "monk", and he catches up with him. If he caught up, then the driver becomes the paint, if not, then the colors are made up again and the game is repeated.
The game " Ring-and-ring game rules "
Is selected driving, the rest of the players sit down in a row on the bench and fold their palms with a boat.
The driver takes any small object, it can be real ring, a pebble or a very small toy.
The driver hides the object in his palms, also folding them with a boat.
Then he walks up to each player in turn, saying:
- I wear, I wear a ring and I will give it to someone
The driver, placing his hands in the hands of the participants, must hand over a ring to any of the players so that the others would not guess who exactly.
The player who received the ring should not pretend that he received it, and should try to sit with the most calm face.
After the driver has passed all the players, he walks away from the bench a few steps and says:
- Ring, ring, go out on the porch
The player who has the ring in his hands must jump off the bench and run up to the driver.
The task of the rest of the players is not to let him escape and try to keep,
If the one who received the ring managed to run out, he becomes the driver.
If he is held back, the driver remains the same.
MOVING GAMES FOR CHILDREN
JUNE
Game "We stomp our feet"
We stamp our feet
We clap our hands, nod our heads.
We raise our hands
And then we spin.
We stamp our feet
We clap our hands
We nod our heads.
We will spread our hands
And let's run around.
Game in the parade
Like soldiers on parade
We walk row by row
Left - one, left - one,
Look everyone at us.
Everyone clapped their hands -
Amicably, more fun!
Our feet knocked -
Louder and faster!
We'll hit the knees -
Hush, hush, hush.
Raise handles, handles -
Higher, higher, higher.
Our hands are turning
Down again.
We spun on the spot
And they stopped.
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Date the page was created: 2016-08-07
Roll the ball
Tasks: teach simple ball games; develop attention and responsiveness.
Description of the game: the teacher seats the children in a circle (3-4 m in diameter) or a semicircle. The child sits on the floor, legs apart. The teacher sits in the center and rolls the ball to each child in turn, calling his name. The child catches the ball and then rolls it back to the caregiver.
The sun and the rain
Tasks: develop in children the ability to run scatteringly, without bumping into each other, to quickly respond to a signal.
Description of the game: The game can be played both indoors and outdoors. Houses are either chairs or circles on the ground.
The teacher turns the highchair back forward and invites everyone to do the same with their highchairs. “Look, this is a small house,” he says, sitting down in front of the chair and looking out through the hole in the back, as if through a window. Calling the children by name, the adult invites each of them to "look out the window" and wave his hand.
So the chairs built in a semicircle become houses in which children live.
"What a wonderful weather! - says the teacher, looking out the window. - Now I’ll go out and invite the kids to play! ” He goes to the middle of the room and invites everyone to take a walk. The kids run out and gather around the teacher, and he says the following text:
The sun looks out the window,
Our eyes squint.
We clap our hands
And run into the street!
Children repeat the rhyme, and then under the words "Top-top-top" and "Clap-clap-clap" everyone stomps their feet and claps their hands, imitating the teacher.
"Now let's run!" - suggests the teacher and runs away. Children scatter in different directions. Suddenly the teacher says: “Look, it's raining! Hurry home! " Everyone is in a hurry to their houses.
“Listen to the rain drumming on the roofs,” says the teacher and, tapping with bent fingers on the seat of the chair, imitates the sound of rain. - It has become very boring. Let's ask the rain to stop dripping. " The teacher reads a folk nursery rhyme:
Rain, rain, more fun,
Drip, do not regret a drop.
Just don't get us wet
Don't knock on the window in vain!
The noise of the rain at first intensifies, but gradually dies down, and soon it stops altogether. “Now I’ll go outside and see if the rain is over or not,” the teacher says, leaving his house. He pretends to look at the sky and calls the kids: “The sun is shining! No rain! Come out for a walk! "
Children again gather around the teacher and after him repeat the poem about the sun and perform funny movements. You can run, jump, dance, but until the teacher says again: "Oh, the rain is starting!"
Cat and mouse
Tasks: train children in crawling, the ability to respond to a signal, perform movements in accordance with the text of the poem.
Description of the game: the game is played with a subgroup of children (8-10) in a room (on a carpet) or on a lawn covered with soft grass. In the middle of the room (on the carpet) or lawn, a gymnastic ladder is placed on the edge or a cord is pulled. On one side of the enclosed space is a mouse house. Choose a cat. She sits on a chair or tree stump. Mice sit in burrows, behind the stairs, the Educator says:
The cat is guarding the mice,
She pretended to be asleep.
The mice crawl out of the holes (crawl between the slats of the stairs or crawl under the cord) and run.
After a while, the teacher says:
Hush the mouse, do not make noise,
You won't wake the cat ...
The cat gets off the chair, gets on all fours, arches its back, says loudly: "meow" - and catches mice, they run to their burrows (do not crawl under the cord or ladder slats). The role of the cat is first performed by the educator, then assigned to the most active child, then other children are involved in this role. The game is repeated every time with a new cat.
Legs
Tasks: teach to listen to an adult, perform movements in accordance with the text; develop imagination.
Description of the game: the teacher draws a line on the ground. “This will be our house,” says the teacher, “from here our legs will run along the path, and where they will run, I’ll show you now.” The teacher moves away from the children at a distance of 20-25 steps and draws a parallel line on the ground: "Children will stop here."
Returning to the guys, he helps them line up at the first (starting) line and pronounces the words under which they will perform actions, then offers to repeat them.
Legs, legs,
We ran along the path
We ran in the woods
We jumped over the bumps
Jump-jump, jump-jump,
We ran to the meadow
Lost a boot.
Under these words, children run towards the other line, jump on two legs, approaching an adult (four jumps in total). With the last word, they stop, squat down, turn in one direction or the other, as if looking for a boot. "Found a boot!" - says the teacher, and everyone runs back to the starting line. The game starts over.
Bubble
Tasks: to consolidate in children the ability to stand in a circle, gradually expand and narrow it; learn to coordinate movements; develop attention.
Description of the game: the ritual of invitation to the game is held: "Katya, let's go play!". The teacher takes the child by the hand, approaches the next kid with him: "Vanya, let's go play!" The child shakes hands with the previous one, and now the three of them go to invite the next one. So all the children take turns holding hands. At first, it is better to approach those pupils who express a desire to join the game, and it is more expedient to invite shackled children last.
Children, together with the teacher, hold hands, form a circle, begin to "inflate the bubble": tilting their heads down, the kids blow into fists, one under the other, like a pipe. Each time they inflate, everyone takes a step back, as if the bubble has expanded slightly. These actions are repeated 2-3 times. Then everyone joins hands and gradually expands the circle, moving and saying the following words:
Blow up, bubble
Swell up big
Stay that way
Don't burst.
It turns out to be a large extended circle.
The teacher says: "The bubble has burst!" Everyone claps their hands, they say: "Clap!" and run into a bunch (to the center).
After that, the game starts over.
You can end the game like this. When the bubble bursts, say: "Little bubbles flew ..." Children scatter in different directions.
Carousel
Tasks: teach to coordinate movements with each other and the rhythm of the text; develop attention.
Description of the game:“Now we are going to ride the carousel,” says the educator. - Repeat the words after me and move together in a circle so that the carousel does not break. Holding hands, the children, together with the teacher, move in a circle and say the following words:
Barely, barely, barely
The carousel spun.
And then, then, then
All run, run, run!
Run, run, run!
Hush, hush, take your time
Stop the carousel.
One-two, one-two ... (pause),
The game is over.
Under these words, the carousel first slowly moves in one direction, then the rate of speech and movements accelerates, On the words "ran" the carousel changes direction and spins faster. Then the pace of movements gradually slows down, and everyone stops at the words "The game is over."
Catch, catch!
Tasks: exercise in jumping.
Description of the game: A lightweight, easy-to-grasp object is attached to a stick about half a meter long on a strong cord - a soft foam ball, shred, etc. Before the start of the game, the teacher shows this stick. Lowering and raising it, he invites some children to catch the object on a string. An adult gathers around him the guys who are interested in catching the ball, invites them to stand in a circle. Itself becomes in the center.
"Catch-catch!" - says the teacher and brings the object suspended from the stick to one or the other child. When the baby tries to catch the ball, the stick rises slightly and the child jumps up to grab it. Turning in different directions, an adult tries to involve all children in this fun.
By playing a little this way, you can slightly change the rules. So, the children take turns catching the ball, running one after another past the stick.
The dolls are dancing
Tasks: teach to perform game actions in turn; cultivate independence.
Description of the game: the teacher shows the table on which the dolls are located. “Look what dolls came to play with us today!” - says the teacher, trying to draw attention to new toys. -Such smart dolls, probably, really want to dance, but they themselves do not know how to dance. They are small and used to being taken in their arms and dancing with them. " Taking the doll, the adult shows how to dance with it. Then he calls the children (from one to three), invites everyone to choose a doll. Children together with dolls perform dance movements. At the end, the dolls bow in the hands of the children.
"Now," says the adult, "think about who to give your doll to." The little ones pass the dolls on to those who have not danced yet. The game continues until all the children dance with the dolls.
The game can be conducted both with musical accompaniment and with the singing of an adult.
Present
Tasks: foster friendly, benevolent relationships; teach to imitate the movements characteristic of a particular toy; develop imagination.
Description of the game:“Do you like it when you are presented with toys? - the educator addresses the children. “Now we are going to make gifts to each other”. An adult invites the children to line up in a large circle, calls on the one who will be the first to choose a gift for himself. The kid goes to the middle of the circle, and the teacher with the children leads a round dance under the following words:
We brought gifts to everyone
Whoever wants will take
Here is a doll with a bright ribbon,
A horse, a spinning top and an airplane.
With the end of the words, the children stop. The teacher, referring to the child standing in the circle, asks which of the listed gifts he would like to receive. If the kid chooses a horse, the children depict how the horse gallops, if a doll is selected, everyone dances like dolls, if the top is spinning, and if an airplane is selected, they imitate the flight and landing of the plane.
If a child chooses a horse, then under the words:
“Our horse is galloping, chok-chok-chok!
The sound of swift feet is heard
Hop hop hop! Hop hop hop! "
children jump, raising their legs high like horses.
Addressing the child inside the circle, the teacher invites him to see “what beautiful horses he has” and choose the one he liked the most. Having chosen a gift for himself, the child takes a place in the round dance, and the one he has chosen goes to the middle of the circle. Children again join hands and repeat the words: "We brought gifts to everyone ..."
If a child chooses a doll, then the children depict dolls dancing in place under the words:
Doll, doll, dance
Wave a bright ribbon.
(Repeats 2-3 times.)
The top spins in place, and then squat under the words:
This is how the top spins
Buzzed and on the side.
(Repeats 2 times.)
The plane is depicted as follows: each child starts the engine, making circular movements in front of him. Then he spreads his arms to the sides and runs in a circle. Having made a full circle, the plane slows down and slowly lands, i.e. the child squats on his haunches.
Bunny
Tasks:
Description of the game: choose a "bunny" among children, put it in the center of the circle. Children perform movements according to the words:
Little white bunny sits
And wiggles his ears,
Like this, like this,
And wiggles his ears!
Bunny is cold to sit
We need to warm the paws,
Clap-clap-clap-clap
We need to warm up the paws!
Bunny is cold to stand
The bunny must jump!
Skok-skok-skok-skok,
The bunny must jump!
First, the children squat down and use their hands to depict how the bunny wiggles its ears. Then they stroke one or the other hand, clap their hands. Then they get up, jump on two legs to the "bunny" standing inside the circle, try to warm it up, gently stroke it, then return to its place. "Bunny" chooses a replacement, and the game starts over.
Grandma Malanya
Tasks: teach to stand in a circle, perform movements in accordance with the text, the show.
Description of the game: children join hands, form a circle, an adult says the words:
At Malanya, at the old woman
We lived in a small hut
Seven sons, all without eyebrows,
With these eyes,
With these ears,
With these noses,
With a head like this
With such a beard ...
Didn't eat anything
We sat all day
They looked at her,
They did it like this ...
Under these words, the children first walk in one direction in a circle, holding hands. Then they stop and, with the help of gestures and facial expressions, depict what the text says: they cover their eyebrows with their hands, do “Round eyes”. "Big nose", big head, beard, etc. They squat down and support their chin with one hand. At the end, they repeat any movement for the leader: make horns, wave a hand, jump, spin, bow, swing from side to side, etc.
The most accurate
Tasks: exercise a horizontal target in throwing bags; develop accuracy.
Description of the game: children stand in a circle. A large basket is placed in the center of the circle at a distance of 1-1.5 m from the players. The guys are holding sandbags. Children throw the bags at the signal of the teacher, trying to get into the basket. The educator praises those who are in the basket and encourages those who missed. You can make the game more difficult by increasing the distance to the basket (children take a step back).
Chase the ball
Tasks: develop in children the ability to maintain the necessary direction during walking and running and change it depending on the situation, teach them to run in different directions, not touch each other, catch the ball, develop attention and endurance.
Description of the game: the teacher shows a basket with balls and offers to stand next to him along one of the sides of the hall. “Catch up with the ball,” the teacher says and throws the balls (according to the number of children) out of the basket, trying to make them roll in different directions. Children run after balls, take them, carry them to the basket.
Where does it ring?
Tasks: develop children's attention and orientation in space.
Description of the game: children are facing the wall, one of the children is hiding at the other end of the hall and ringing a bell. “Listen carefully, where the bell is ringing, find it,” the teacher says to the children. When they find the bell, the teacher praises the kids. The game repeats itself.
Crawl under the collar
Tasks: exercise children in crawling on all fours and crawling under an obstacle without touching it.
Description of the game: children sit on chairs set along one of the walls of the hall. In front, at a distance of 2-3 m, there is an arc - a collar. The teacher invites the bravest child, invites him to crawl on all fours to the collars, crawl under them, stand up and return to his place.
As you master the exercise, you can complicate it: crawl on all fours and crawl into the hoop, crawl under 2-3 arcs, standing at a distance of 1 m from each other.
Tasks: train children in throwing an object at a distance.
Description of the game: children stand in a line on one side of the hall. Everyone receives sandbags and, at the signal of the teacher, throw them into the distance. Everyone should notice where his pouch fell. At the signal of the teacher, the children run to their bags, take them in their hands and raise them above their heads. The educator notes those who threw the bag farthest.
Ay gu-gu!
Tasks: to acquaint with folk outdoor games; learn to perform movements in accordance with the text.
Description of the game: an adult puts the children on high chairs. Passing from one child to another, he says: "I'm going, I'm going, I'm going, I'll find a friend for myself!" Then he stops in front of one of the kids. "You want to play with me? - the teacher asks. "Let's go together, then." The teacher takes the child by the hand, the ionii together move on with the words: "Let's go, let's go, let's go, we'll find a friend for ourselves!" The chain is gradually being assembled.
Children form a circle with the teacher. An adult reads the text and asks to repeat the movements after it:
Ay gu-gu, gu-gu, gu-gu,
Do not circle in the meadow.
There's a puddle in the meadow
My head will be dizzy.
Oh, water! Oh, water!
What a trouble so trouble!
Jump-jump, jump-jump.
Jumped, jumped and jumped
I got straight into a puddle!
Movement: children lead a round dance in one direction, with the last word of the first quatrain, squat slightly. Then they go the other way. They make several jumps and with the last word they squat down and stop: “fall into a puddle”. They put their hands down, turn to face the center, put their hands on their heads and shake their heads.
The teacher approaches any child, takes his hands and helps him jump out of the puddle. The rescued child can, of his own free will, help any of the players to jump out of the puddle. So, the children, together with the teacher, save everyone, and the game starts over.
The bear in the forest
Tasks: to acquaint children with Russian folk outdoor games; learn to run on a signal in different directions without bumping into each other.
Description of the game: the "bear" is selected, which sits on the side of the chair. The rest of the children walk around him, "pick mushrooms and berries" and say:
The bear in the forest
I take mushrooms and berries.
And the bear is sitting
And growls at us.
With the last word, the bear gets up from the chair, the children scatter, the "bear" catches them. Then a new "bear" is chosen.
Bees and bears
Tasks: teach children to act on a signal; run without bumping into each other.
Description of the game: children are divided into two subgroups: one group is bees, the other is bears. Bees fly around the hall, saying: "W-w-w". The teacher says the words:
Oh, the bears are coming
The honey will be taken away from the bees!
Bears come out. Bees flap their wings, buzz, chase the bears away: they "sting" them, touching them with their hand. The bears are running away.
Who gets to the flag first?
Tasks: learn to walk in a forward direction; cultivate endurance.
Description of the game: the teacher asks the children which of them can walk very quickly. "Everything? Let's check it out! " Initially, two children compete. They are on the same line. The flag lies on the floor at a distance of 15-20 steps. At the signal (hitting the tambourine), the children go to the flag. At the same time, the adult emphasizes that you need to go to the flag, but it is not allowed to run. The rest of the children are watching, rewarding the winner with applause. Then new participants are selected and the game continues.
Aircraft
Tasks: to exercise children in the ability to run without bumping into each other; perform movements on a signal.
Description of the game: children stand on one side of the room. The teacher asks: "Are you ready to fly?" Children answer. The teacher continues: "We start the engines!" Children, as shown by the teacher, make rotational movements with their hands in front of the chest. After the signal: "Fly!" spread their arms to the sides and scatter around the hall. At the signal: "Landing!" players return to their original position.
My jolly jingle ball
Tasks: teach children to run in different directions without bumping into each other.
Description of the game: children are facing the teacher who is holding a big beautiful ball in his hands. Then the teacher shows the children how easily and high the ball jumps if you hit it with your hand on the floor. Then he asks the children to jump high like balls, says the words:
My cheerful, ringing ball
Where have you set off to gallop?
Red, yellow, blue
Can't keep up with you!
Then the teacher throws the ball to the side with the words: "Now the ball will catch up with you - run away from it!" Children run away.
Hares and wolf
Tasks: to acquaint children with Russian folk outdoor games; teach children to listen carefully to the teacher, to perform jumps and other actions in accordance with the text; learn to navigate in space.
Description of the game: children represent hares, the teacher is a wolf. On one side of the hall for hares, houses or one common house are marked. The wolf is hiding on the opposite side - in a ravine.
An adult says:
Bunnies jump gallop, gallop, gallop
To the green to the meadow,
They pinch the weed, listen,
Isn't there a wolf.
In accordance with the text, hares jump out of the houses, scatter around the site, then jump on two legs, then sit down and nibble the grass. As soon as an adult utters the word "wolf", the wolf jumps out of the ravine and runs after the hares, trying to catch them (touch). Hares run away to their houses, where the wolf can no longer catch them. The wolf takes the caught hares into the ravine. In the future, the role of the wolf is played by the child.
Funny bunnies
Tasks: exercise children in running, jumping, develop dexterity. Encourage independence. Arouse a sense of joy from joint actions with adults and peers.
Game progress: the teacher says that funny bunnies live in the forest with their mother-hare and a gray wolf who wants to catch them. Then he offers to play: “You will be funny bunnies, and I am your mother, a bunny. Hares live in houses. " The teacher says:
Small houses
They stand densely in the forest.
Little bunnies
They sit in the houses.
Children squat down, hands are applied to the head, depicting rabbits.
Mother rabbit
I ran through the forest.
With her paw she
She knocked on everyone's window.
The teacher approaches each house, knocks and says: “Knock, knock, rabbits, let's go for a walk. If the wolf appears, we will hide again. " Hares run out of their houses, jump, run, frolic, until a wolf appears (an adult or a child of an older group). He goes out into the clearing and says: “Oh, how many bunnies! How funny they are. I’ll catch them now. ” The hares run away. The wolf laments: “Oh, how the rabbits run fast. There is no way for me to catch up with them. "
The game is repeated several times.
Horses
Tasks: teach children to move together one after the other, coordinate movements, not push the runner in front, even if he moves slowly.
Description of the game: children are divided into pairs at will: one is a horse, the other is a coachman, who harnesses the horse (puts on the reins) and rides around the hall from one side of it to the other and back. They begin to move after the teacher says the words:
Tsok! Tsok! Tsok! Tsok!
I am a horse gray side.
I knock with hooves
If you want, I'll pump it.
Then, at the suggestion of the teacher, the children change roles and the game is repeated.
We are not afraid of the cat
Tasks: teach children to listen to text and respond quickly to a signal.
Description of the game: the teacher takes a toy-cat, puts it on a chair - "the cat is sleeping." The presenter says:
Mice, mice, come out,
Have fun, dance
Come out quickly
The villainous mustachioed cat is sleeping.
The mice surround the cat and begin to dance with the words:
Tra-ta-ta, tra-ta-ta
We are not afraid of the cat.
The cat wakes up and catches the mice (the teacher with the toy catches up with the children). Mice run away into burrows (sit on chairs).
Balls
Tasks: exercise in throwing balls into the distance.
Description of the game: to play, you need to spread balls of different sizes on the floor: large and small. The teacher explains the rules: throw a large ball into the distance with both hands, and small ones with one hand. Shows how to throw balls. Children stand on one side of the hall, repeat the actions of the teacher. After all the balls are thrown, the children go to collect them.
The chicken went out for a walk
Tasks: teach to listen carefully to an adult, perform movements in accordance with the text.
Description of the game: children stand behind the teacher one after another. The teacher says the words:
The chicken went out for a walk
Pinch fresh grass.
And after her, the guys
Yellow chickens.
Ko-ko-ko yes ko-ko-ko
Don't go far!
Paddle with your paws
Look for the grains.
Ate a fat beetle
Earthworm,
We drank some water
Full trough.
Children repeat the movements behind the teacher: they walk, raising their knees high, flap their "wings". To the words: "Ko-ko-ko, don't go far!" - shake a finger. “Row with your paws, look for grains” - they squat down, looking for grains. "They ate a fat beetle" - show the thickness of the beetle, "earthworm" - show the length of the worm, "drank some water" - bend forward, hands are pulled back.
Train
Tasks: develop in children the ability to perform movements on a sound signal, exercise in walking, running one after another.
Description of the game: children are lined up along the wall of the hall.
The teacher stands in front, he is the "locomotive", the children are the "cars". Children don't hold on to each other. The teacher beeps, and the children begin to move forward; at first slowly, then faster and finally they start running (with slow movement, children pronounce the sounds "chug-chug-chukh"). “The train is pulling up to the station,” says the teacher. Children gradually slow down and stop.
Pass the ball
Tasks: learn to pass the ball to each other; develop speed.
Description of the game: children with the teacher stand in a circle. The teacher passes the ball to the child standing next to him, he to his neighbor. The ball needs to be passed quickly, you can listen to music. The teacher tries to catch up with the ball.
Vesnyanka
Tasks: learn to perform movements in accordance with the text.
Description of the game: children with a teacher stand in a circle. The teacher says:
Sunshine, sunshine
Gold bottom.
Burn, burn clearly
In order not to go out.
A stream ran in the garden,
A hundred rooks flew in
And the drifts are melting, melting,
And the flowers are growing up.
Movement: children walk in a circle. According to the words "a stream ran in the garden" - the children run in a circle, "a hundred rooks have arrived" - they wave their hands, "the drifts are melting" - they slowly squat, "the flowers are growing" - stand on their toes, stretch up.
Shaggy dog
Tasks: to learn to listen carefully to the text, to run on a signal in different directions.
Description of the game: a chair is placed in the center of the hall, a toy dog is placed on it. Children walk around the dog saying:
Here lies a shaggy dog
Burying his nose in his paws.
Quietly, calmly, he lies,
Either asleep or asleep.
Let's go to him, wake him up.
And let's see what happens ?!
Under this text, children approach the dog. At the last words of the text, they stretch out their hands and touch the shaggy dog. The teacher takes the toy and catches up with the children. Children run around the hall in different directions. Then the dog “gets tired” and goes to sleep again.
Jump to the balloon
Tasks: exercise children in jumping.
Description of the game: children stand in a circle, the teacher walks in a circle with a balloon in his hands. Children jump, trying to touch the ball.
Birds fly
Tasks: teach to imitate the movements of birds, to act on a signal.
Description of the game: children - "birds" sit on the chairs. To the words of the teacher: "Ay, the birds flew!" birds fly all over the room. To the words of the teacher: "The birds flew into the nests!" the children hurry and sit on their chairs. The teacher calls the most dexterous and fastest bird that first flew into its nest. The game repeats itself.
Trap
Tasks: develop dexterity, speed.
Description of the game: children stand on one side of the hall. The trap teacher stands in the center. Children say: "One-two-three, catch it!" and run across to the other side of the hall. The teacher with the words: "Now I will catch!" catches children.
Birds and a cat
Tasks: exercise children in running in different directions.
Description of the game: children - "birds", teacher - "cat". The teacher depicts a sleeping cat, while the children are walking at this time: they wave their hands, sit down, peck at the grains. The cat wakes up, says "meow", tries to catch the birds, children scatter in different directions, hide in houses (sit on chairs).
Sun bunnies
Tasks: to learn to run easily, catching up with the glare of the sun, changing the direction and pace of movement in accordance with the nature of the movement of the sunbeam, to develop the speed of movement; foster interest in joint participation in outdoor games with peers; to contribute to the improvement of the activity of the respiratory and musculoskeletal systems of the child's body; maintain a positive emotional attitude among the players.
Description of the game: the game is played on a clear sunny day. An adult brings a small mirror out into the street and attracts children to observe the appearance of a sunbeam.
Sunny bunny, jump-jump,
I went out for a walk
I jumped deftly out the window,
I ran across the roof.
Jump and jump, jump and jump,
He jumped onto the window.
Jump and jump, jump and jump,
And on Antoshka's nose.
- Hey guys, don't yawn
And catch up with the hare!
An adult invites children to "catch" a sun bunny galloping along the veranda wall or path. His task is to quickly move the sunbeam so that the guys are forced to actively run around the site with a change in direction. The winner is the one who manages to be the first to "catch" the sunbeam.
Bees
Tasks: to acquaint children with Russian folk games, to develop speed and dexterity.
Description of the game: a circle is drawn on the ground, a flower is placed in its center. The teacher plays the role of a watchman, stands in a circle; children - bees - squatting outside the circle. The teacher says:
Spring bees,
The wings are golden
What are you sitting,
Don't you fly into the field?
Al will rain you down,
Al bakes you with the sun?
Fly over the high mountains
For the green forests -
On a round meadow
On an azure flower.
The bees try to run into the circle and touch the flower, and the teacher tries not to let anyone in. When the children manage to touch the flower, the game ends with the words: "The bees flew to the flower!"
Bunnies in the house
Tasks: to increase the physical activity of children, to develop speed, dexterity; learn to navigate in space.
Description of the game: hoops are laid out on the floor according to the number of children. Children - "bunnies" - jump and run around the hall. The teacher plays the role of a wolf. To the words of an adult: "Gray wolf!" - "wolf" goes hunting, children run into their "houses".
"Jump up to the balloon."
On the playground, a cord is stretched at a distance of 3-5 m from the ground. The balls are tied to it so that they are above the outstretched arms of the child. The teacher invites the children to jump and hit the ball with their hands. The height of the tied balls is adjustable depending on the height of the children and their capabilities. An adult makes sure that the children, bouncing, touch the ball with both hands (in order to uniformly load the muscles of the shoulder girdle).
Complication option.
You can hang bells, butterflies (made of paper), etc. on the cord. The teacher makes sure that the children, bouncing, touch objects alternately with their right and left hands.
"Treat the squirrel with a nut."
A squirrel (toy) is on a shelf or twig of a tree, and a basket hangs next to it, just above the child's raised hand. To treat a squirrel with a nut (put it in a basket), the child must jump well. An adult makes sure that the children push off with both legs at the same time and land softly. You can hang 2-3 baskets, this will make it possible to simultaneously perform the exercise for 2-3 children. Taking into account the height of the children, the baskets can be hung at different heights.
Jump over the cord.
A 3-4 m long cord is pulled on the floor. Children come up to the cord and, at the signal of the teacher, jump over it.
You can put 5-8 cords of different colors in parallel (at a distance of 50 cm).
"Jump into the hoop."
There is a hoop with a diameter of 1 m on the floor. Children are invited to come closer to it and jump into it, and then jump out of the hoop. The exercise is performed simultaneously by 3 people, repeat it up to 5 times. You can invite children to walk and run around the hoop after completing the exercises.
"From a hoop to a hoop."
Flat hoops (3-4) are placed at a distance of 30 cm from each other. Children jump on two legs one after another from hoop to hoop, moving forward.
"Through the brook."
On the floor there is a "trickle" made of blue oilcloth, 15-20 cm wide and 2 m long. An adult says that the trickle is deep, so you have to jump further so as not to get your feet wet. Children come to the stream and jump over it, pushing off with two legs at once. The teacher makes sure that they push off harder and land softly, bending their knees.
Jump to the flag.
Colored flags are placed on chairs or a bench. At a distance of 1-1.5 m from the chairs, a cord is stretched on the floor. Children come up to the cord and, at the teacher's signal, jump from it on two legs, moving forward to the flags. When the children are at the flags, they should take them, wave them and put them in place. They come back running.
The teacher makes sure that the children, when performing jumps, push off with both legs at the same time and land softly.
"Along a flat path."
Children jump on paths 2-3 m long on two legs, moving forward. At the end of the track, everyone takes a ball from the box, rolls it along the same track in the opposite direction and runs after it. If it is difficult for the child to complete the exercise, then you should not require that he necessarily jump to the end of the track. For the track, you can use colored cords, gymnastic sticks or colored oilcloth.
"Around the Hoop".
Children stand in large hoops for 2 people. At the signal from the teacher, they jump out of the hoop and jump on two legs around it. Each child makes up to 10 jumps, gradually the number of jumps increases to 15. At the signal of an adult, children rest in a hoop. The exercise is repeated.
"Jump offon the track ”.
Children from a bench 15 cm high jump onto a colored path made of oilcloth. On the bench, they stand freely, without interfering with each other. When jumping down, they land softly on both feet.
Complication option. An adult puts 3-4 gymnastic benches parallel to each other at a distance of at least 1 m, each of them has different colored paths. Children take turns jumping off all the benches. The exercise is repeated 3 to 5 times, depending on the capabilities of the children.
"Jump offinto the hoop. "
There are flat hoops in front of the bench. Children stand on the bench according to the number of hoops and jump into them. The teacher makes sure that the children land softly on their toes.
"From cube to cube".
With the help of children, the teacher places cubes in a circle at a distance of 50-60 cm from each other. Exercise is performed simultaneously by 2-3 children. Everyone jumps off a cube and goes in a circle to another cube, stands on it, jumps off again, etc.
Svetlana Pimenova
Card file of didactic games in the nursery group
The game: "Hide the mouse"
Target: to consolidate the name of colors, to contribute to the accumulation of ideas about the main varieties of color, to develop hand coordination and fine motor skills in children in children, to help consolidate the qualities of objects.
Demo material: pieces of paper of 4 colors (20 - 15, in the middle is a white square (8-8, on which a mouse is drawn (a mouse's house, squares of the same 4 colors - doors (10x10, large cardboard toy - cat, soft mouse.
Handout: colored sheets 10x8, white squares on them 5x5, colored squares.
Game progress:
Look, guys, what a little guest we have today. Who is this, right, mouse. How small, fluffy, gray she is. Pet her. Children take turns stroking the mouse.
Do you know where the mouse lives? In the mink. Who is the mouse hiding from? From the cat. See if there is a cat somewhere, otherwise our mouse is afraid. Can we help mice hide in a burrow? Now we will play a game with you "Hide the mouse"... Together we will learn to play it. I have mouse houses. I place three houses on a demonstration board, next to it I put 4 squares of four colors. You see, mice are peeping in the window. To hide the mouse, you need to close the window with a door - a square of the same color as the house, otherwise the cat will come and see where the window is, open it and eat the mouse. "
I call 3 younger preschoolers in turn and invite them to close three windows in turn, find out if all or the windows are well closed.
If someone made a mistake, I call the child to correct it. I take out the cat that was hidden before, which is "to catch mice".
“I'll go and look for where the mouse lives here. Children have you seen the mouse? " The cat leaves without finding the mouse. Children are given one piece of paper - "Mouse house" (to those sitting next to me I give leaves of different colors) and 4 squares of all colors. “Now you hide your mice while the cat is sleeping. Choose from the squares that lie on your plates the square of the same color as the house of your mouse. " When all the children have completed the task, the cat again "Goes hunting"... I walk with a creeping step with a cat in my arms, walk through the rows and see who has a poorly hidden mouse. At the same time, I give the children the opportunity to correct the situation until the cat approaches them. If the error is not corrected, the cat takes the paper with the mouse from the child.
Conclusion. “Everyone played well today, everyone hid their mice, only some guys were wrong (I indicate exactly what mistakes were made)... Next time they will definitely hide the mice well.
The game: "Who has what dress"
Target: Teach children to select objects using the word for color. group shades of the same color tone.
Material: Demo material: Dolls. Carved from cardboard in dresses of different colors (plain dresses, flannelegraph, magnets.
Game progress:
1. Look, guys, what beautiful dolls are dancing on our flannelgraph. Let's take a closer look at them and find out how they differ from each other.
2. How do our dolls differ from each other? That's right, the color of the dress. I will show you the doll, and you will tell you what color her dress is. I show one doll at a time and interrogate younger preschoolers one by one, clarifying and correcting their answers.
3. Conclusion: What good fellows, guys, many of you correctly named the colors. Our dolls are happy, because now they know what color their dress is. We also found out that the primary colors have shades and they have their own name.
The game: Hen and chickens
Target: to draw the child's attention to the fact that color is a sign of different objects and can be used to designate them.
Equipment: Mosaic box containing six yellow and one white elements.
Game progress:
The teacher shows the children toys: white chicken followed by yellow chickens (or picture) ... Then - a white tile and is talking: “This is our chicken. She is white"... Demonstrates a yellow tile and explains: "Chickens will be yellow"... In the hole of the panel, the teacher reminds of a white mosaic once again that the chicken will be of this white color, and places one yellow one after the white mosaic, saying that the chicken is of this color. Then he gives the child a box with a mosaic and offers to find another chicken and place it next to the mother chicken. After all chicks have been found and placed Single file, behind the chicken, the child repeats the task on his own.
The game: Fir-trees and mushrooms.
Target
Equipment: a box with a mosaic containing ten elements each in green and red.
Game progress:
The teacher shows the children a mosaic and explains that Christmas trees are green, and places a Christmas tree on the panel - an element of green. Shows an element of a red mosaic, explains that mushrooms are of such a red color. Having placed a Christmas tree, a mushroom, a Christmas tree, a mushroom on his panel, the teacher invites the child to continue a series of Christmas trees and fungi. The game is carried out as a reinforcement after the corresponding lesson.
The game: Multi-colored beads.
Target: Teach your child to alternate objects by color.
Equipment: Four white and four red beads (other colors may be used) in a box, cord or soft wire.
Game progress:
White and red beads are alternately strung on a thread. The basis for the successful alternation of other color combinations is precisely white, a well-known color, which is often mentioned in everyday life. (white snow, white hands, etc.).
The game: Let's treat the bear with a berry.
Target: to teach children to choose objects of a given color from several suggested ones, to develop hand coordination and fine motor skills of the fingers.
Equipment: a box with a mosaic containing ten elements in red and five elements each in yellow and green.
Game progress:
The teacher shows the bear to the children and examines it with the children. Then he invites the children to treat him with a berry, emphasizing that the bear loves only ripe red berries. Next, the teacher takes a red mosaic element from the box (a berry, inserts it into the panel and invites the children to pick berries too, making sure that the children take only ripe red berries. "Basket", the bear thanks the children.
The game: Put the bouquet in a vase.
Target: teach children group items by color.
Equipment: four vases of yellow, red, green and blue colors, made from plastic bottles, paper flowers of the same colors.
Game progress:
The teacher shows the children flowers that are randomly mixed on the table or carpet, and offers to collect bouquets from them and put them in vases. Then, the teacher takes, for example, a red flower and puts it in a red vase, emphasizing that the flower is the same color as the vase. The teacher does the same with flowers of other colors. Further, children are invited to collect bouquets.
The game: Colorful balloons.
Target
Equipment: Card with vertically pasted multicolored stripes on it - "Strings" parallel and at some distance from each other, cut from cardboard balls of the same colors.
Game progress:
The teacher shows the balls to the children and offers to tie strings to them so that the balls do not fly away. Then he takes a ball, for example, yellow and applies it to the yellow strip - "Thread" yellow color. Further, the task is performed by the children. This game can be played with another equipment: multicolored cards-"Books" with cut "Windows"- balls, cards- earbuds of the same colors. Then the move will be such: the teacher shows the children cards with balloons and invites children to paint over these balloons with the appropriate color, first showing how to do this.
The game: Match cups to saucers.
Target: Teach children to match objects by color.
Equipment: cut from cardboard cups and saucers of different colors.
Game progress:
The teacher shows the saucer to the children and suggests putting cups on them and specifies that each saucer has its own cup of the same color. Then the teacher shows how to do this. Further, the task is performed by the children.
The game: Mittens.
Target: Teach children to match objects by color.
Equipment: cut from cardboard several pairs of multi-colored mittens, dolls.
Game progress:
The teacher tells the children that the dolls are going for a walk, but they cannot find their mittens, because the mittens are messed up. Then the teacher takes one mitten (for example, a red one, asks the child what color it is and invites the child to find the same red mitten. The child completes the task and the game continues.
The game: What shape it is.
Target: teach a child to alternate objects in shape
Equipment: Four round and square earthenware beads of the same color (diameter 2cm)... Cord or soft wire, doll and basket.
Game progress:
Runs just like a game "Big and Small" with the only difference that round and square beads are strung on the thread alternately. The teacher invites the child to touch each bead on the string with his hands, fixing the child's attention on this and sentencing: "Ball, cube ...".
The game: "Circle, square"
Target: Learn group items by shape.
Equipment: Five cardboard circles and squares of the same color.
Game progress:
The teacher shows children geometric shapes randomly mixed on the table. Then is talking: “This is a circle, this is a square. I'll put the circle on a round plate, and the square on a square plate. " Further, the teacher invites the children to put the figures in their places and activates the speech of the children questions: "What is it? (Circle)... And this? (Square) etc.".
The game: "Stamp your panties"
Target: Teach children to insert objects of a given shape into the corresponding holes.
Equipment: Cardboard image of a wolf(nesting dolls, dolls, etc.) with round, square and triangular holes on the pants and, accordingly, circles, squares and triangles, the same color as the pants.
Game progress:
The teacher shows the children the wolf and draws their attention to the fact that the wolf has leaky pants. Then the teacher shows the children geometric shapes - patches and offers to help the wolf mend his pants. Children complete the task, the wolf thanks them. This game can be played with complications, for example - "Patch up" the matryoshka dolls have sundresses of different colors in various large and small geometric shapes of the corresponding colors.
The game: "LARGE AND SMALL"
Target: Teach the child to alternate objects in size
Equipment: Four large and four small beads (approximately 2 and 1cm) the same color. Cord or soft wire, doll and basket.
Game progress:
The teacher shows the child a beautiful doll, says that the doll came to visit the baby and brought something in a basket. Then the teacher puts the doll on the table and, taking the box out of the basket, shows the child that there are large and small beads and a thread there. Having said that the doll asked the baby to make beautiful beads for her, the teacher draws the child's attention to the fact that the beads can be strung in different ways. First, the teacher himself shows how to collect the beads, and then he suggests that the child should do it. It is important to start alternating with a large bead, because if you alternate beads the other way around, that is, first take a small one, then a large one, it will be difficult for the child to cope with the task, because he is primarily attracted to large beads. Then the doll is shown what the beads are.
The game: "WHICH BALL IS BIGGEST?"
Target: Learn to distinguish objects by size and choose them according to verbal instructions.
Equipment: Large and small balls randomly mixed.
Game progress:
The teacher stands at a distance of 3 - 5 m from the child and asks to bring him a large ball. If the child is mistaken, the teacher explains and shows the difference by letting the child hold the big and small balls. With the child's hand, the teacher draws a circle around a large and small ball, while saying, "big" is it or "small" ball. The game repeats itself.
The game: "ORDERS"
Target: Teach children to distinguish and name toys, as well as highlight their size; develop auditory perception, improve speech understanding.
Equipment: Big and small dogs, cars, boxes, balls, cups, cubes, nesting dolls.
Game progress:
The teacher shows the child toys and objects and offers to name them, noting their size. Then gives the baby the following tasks: A large dog is given tea from a large cup, and a small one - from a small one; Roll the matryoshka in a big car; Place a small dog near the matryoshka; Build a house from large cubes for a large dog, and from small ones for a small one; Take a little dog and put it on the carpet; Take a big dog and put it in a big box; Collect small cubes in a small box, and large cubes in a large one, etc. If the child is mistaken, the dog or matryoshka shows their displeasure (growls or turns away).
The game: "FAVOR THE BUNNY"
Target: Teach children group items in size.
Equipment: Toy hare, large and small bucket, five large and small carrots on a tray.
Game progress:
The teacher shows the hare, invites the children to examine it, stroke it. Then he says that the bunny asks the children to help him collect the carrots and shows a tray of carrots, emphasizing that the carrots are large and small. Further, the teacher says that a large carrot should be put in a large bucket, and a small carrot in a small bucket. Children complete the task, the bunny thanks them for their help. (Fig. 23) By the same principle, you can group and other large and small items in containers of various sizes. For example, playing the following games "Help the doll to collect the cubes", "Put balls in baskets", "Put the cars in the garage" etc.
The game: "DOLLS WAS LOST"
Target: Teach children group items in size.
Equipment: Several large and small dolls, a large and small house.
Game progress:
There are toy houses on the tables or carpet in different directions. On the contrary, dolls sit at a short distance. The teacher shows the dolls to the children. Together with the children, he examines them, notes that the dolls are large and small. Then he says that the dolls got lost and offers to help the dolls find their house, explaining that big dolls live in a big house, and small dolls live in a small house. Children complete the task, the dolls thank them for their help.
The game: "Wonderful bag"
Target: Teach children to recognize objects by their characteristic features, finding familiar objects by touch.
Equipment: an opaque bag and objects of different shapes, sizes, textures (toys, geometric shapes and bodies, etc.).
Game progress:
The opaque bag contains items. The child is invited to touch, without looking into the bag, to find the desired item. Organizing the game, the teacher selects objects familiar to the children. Having seated the children in a semicircle, so that all objects are clearly visible to them, the adult conducts a short conversation. Then he asks several kids to repeat the names of the objects, to answer what they are for.
We're going to play now. Whoever I call must guess what I will put in the bag. Masha, look carefully at the items that are on the table. Remember? Now turn away! I’ll put the toy in the bag, and then you’ll guess what I put. Put your hand in the bag. What is there? (Child's answer) You named the item correctly. Other children can be called in this way. In order to increase the complexity of the game, another is proposed. the rule: several toys are put in the bag. None of the children know about them. The summoned child, with his hand in the bag and groping for one of the toys, talks about it. The bag will open if the children recognize the toy by the description.
The game: "Identify by touch"
Target: detecting the differences between familiar objects by touch; comparison of objects by touch in length, size, width.
Equipment: an opaque bag and paired objects that differ in one feature (long and short pencils, large and small buttons, wide and narrow rulers, etc.).
Game progress:
The opaque bag contains paired items. The child is asked to feel the object and name it signs: long pencil; short pencil; big button, etc.
The game: "FOLD MATRESHKA"
Target: learn to distinguish objects by size
Equipment: Matryoshka doll that can hold several smaller dolls nested inside each other.
Game progress:
The teacher opens the matryoshka together with the child, pronouncing: "Matryoshka, matryoshka, open a little bit!"... He takes out a smaller nesting doll and puts it next to the large one, inviting the kid to compare them in size and color. When all the nesting dolls are open, the teacher offers the child to fold them back, starting with the smallest one. We are nesting dolls, we are sisters, Play hide and seek with us, All the girlfriends are small. Rather gather us - How will we begin to dance and sing, If you make mistakes, No one can sit still! We will not close! (S. Reshchikova) First, the game should be played with a two-syllable nesting doll, then with a three-syllable nesting doll, etc. In the same way, instead of a nesting doll, you can use barrels, cups, opening boxes, inserts of various shapes, etc.
The game: "COLLECT PYRAMID"
Target: teach children to arrange objects in descending order
Equipment: A pyramid consisting of 4-5 rings, decreasing in size.
Game progress:
The teacher shows the child the pyramid and helps to disassemble it. Together with the baby, the teacher examines the rings, noting their shape and color and focusing on their size. Then the teacher offers the child to assemble the pyramid. He explains that first you need to choose the largest ring and put it on the rod. (the kid completes the task)... Further, the teacher suggests doing the same with the remaining rings until the pyramid is assembled. In the future, the child is given the opportunity to independently manipulate the pyramid, trying to assemble it correctly. You can collect various pyramids depending on what goals are being pursued. For example: a pyramid consisting of rings of the same size or color; from cubes, balls, prisms of the same or different sizes and colors; of items increasing in size, etc.
Exercises to help develop fine motor skills
Clothespins
clothespins: "Hedgehog", "Herringbone", "Sun"- to silhouettes of a hedgehog, a Christmas tree, a sun made from cardboard, children attach thorns and rays. To fix the color, you can use multi-colored silhouettes and clothespins corresponding to them in color.
Corks
You can use the following exercises with traffic jams: "Flowers", "Bug"- children unwind and twist the corks from plastic bottles to their necks - the middle of flowers or specks on the back of a beetle. To fix the color, multi-colored plugs are screwed to the necks of the corresponding color.
Clasps
You can use the following exercises with clasps: "Fasten your boots", "Tie your shirt", "Sew a button" etc. - children thread the laces through the holes. Various rugs, pads are also used, on which buttons, Velcro, zippers, hooks, buttons, etc. are sewn, which are manipulated by children.
You can draw on the rump, look for any objects in it, pour it from one container to another with pinches or cams, etc. You can also use the following exercises: "Let's feed the bird"- children sprinkle cereals in the bird feeder with pinches, "Help Cinderella"- children sort, for example peas and beans, "Collect the beads"- children collect peas or beans one by one in a vessel with a narrow neck.