When, after akds, you can do the next vaccination. Akds- "vaccine": composition and methods of safety studies. Decoding and composition

Issue 8. DTP.

What is DTP?

DTP (international abbreviation - DTP) is a combination vaccines against diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis. DTP vaccines are among the most reactogenic (i.e., capable of provoking adverse reactions) drugs. This is due to both the high content of antigens and their properties - the most reactogenic components of DTP vaccines are pertussis and, to a lesser extent, diphtheria.

The composition of the vaccine, reactions to administration (declared by the manufacturer)

1. TETRAKOK
3. INFANRIX

1. TETRAKOK
ADSORBED VACCINE FOR PREVENTION OF DIPHTHERIA, WHOLE, TETANUS AND POLIOMYELITIS

COMPOSITION AND APPEARANCE

One dose of the vaccine (0.5 ml) contains:
Active Ingredients:
Purified diphtheria toxoid> 30 IU
Purified tetanus toxoid> 60 IU
Inactivated Bordetella pertussis> 4 ME
Inactivated poliomyelitis virus type 1 40 D - antigenic units
Inactivated poliomyelitis virus type 2 8 D - antigenic units
Inactivated poliomyelitis virus type 3 32 D - antigenic units

Other Ingredients:
Aluminum hydroxide< 1, 25 мг
Formaldehyde< 0, 1 мг
Phenoxyethanol< 5 мкл
Twin 80

HANKS 199 medium containing: amino acids, mineral salts, vitamins and other substances dissolved in water for injection, the pH of which is adjusted between 6, 8 and 7, 5 using of hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide

The vaccine is a cloudy, whitish suspension.

INDICATIONS

Combined prophylaxis of diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus and poliomyelitis.

The drug is indicated for:

* primary vaccination of children from 2 months of age;
* revaccination of children from the second year of life.

According to the National calendar preventive vaccinations Russian Federation, primary vaccination against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis and poliomyelitis is carried out from 3 months of age, and revaccination - at the age of 18 months.

The vaccine can be used up to 6 years old inclusive.

CONTRAINDICATIONS

The drug MUST NOT be used in following cases:

* Progressive encephalopathy with or without seizures (neurological pathology).
* A strong reaction that developed within 48 hours after the previous vaccination: an increase in body temperature up to 40 C and above, prolonged unusual crying syndrome, febrile or afebrile convulsions, hypotonic - hyporeactive syndrome.
* Hypersensitivity after previous vaccines to prevent diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis and polio.
* Known allergy to any ingredient in the vaccine (anaphylactic shock, Quincke's edema, generalized rash).

WARNINGS

Use with CAUTION if:

* Hypersensitivity to neomycin, streptomycin, polymyxin B and formaldehyde in connection with the use of these substances in the manufacture of the drug.
* Elevated body temperature, as well as acute or chronic illness in the acute stage (in this case, it is recommended to postpone vaccination until recovery or remission).

ADVERSE REACTIONS

As with any vaccine product, this vaccine can cause adverse reactions of varying degrees of severity in some patients.

* Soreness, redness, induration or swelling at the injection site may develop within 48 hours after vaccination and persist for several days. These reactions can be accompanied by the formation of a subcutaneous nodule that persists for several weeks. In very rare cases, sterile abscesses may occur.
* An increase in body temperature above 38, 5 C (on average, in 4% of vaccinated people), as well as prolonged unusual crying can be observed in the first 24-48 hours after injection.
* Allergic reactions: rash, urticaria, and, in very rare cases, anaphylactic shock or Quincke's edema (similar to urticaria with rapidly developing swelling of the face and neck) are possible.
* In rare cases, hypotonic-hyporeactive syndrome, prolonged crying syndrome, febrile or afebrile seizures may occur.
* In extremely rare cases, acute encephalopathy is noted. Neurological disorders due to vaccination, they are most often caused by the pertussis component of the vaccine.

2. Adsorbed diphtheria-tetanus toxoid liquid (ADS-toxoid)

ADS-toxoid consists of a mixture of purified diphtheria and tetanus
toxoids adsorbed on aluminum hydroxide.
One inoculation dose (0.5 ml) contains 30 flocculation units (Lf)
diphtheria toxoid, 10 binding units (EC) of tetanus toxoid, not more than 60 μg of merthiolate (preservative) and not more than 0.55 mg of aluminum hydroxide (sorbent).
Suspension of yellowish-white color, separating, when lagging behind, into a transparent supernatant liquid and a loose precipitate, which completely breaks down with shaking.
Immunobiological properties. Administration of the drug in accordance with
the approved scheme causes the formation of a specific antitoxic
immunity against diphtheria and tetanus.
Appointment. Prevention of diphtheria and tetanus in children under 6 years of age
age.
ADS-toxoid is used:
1. Children who have had whooping cough (from 3 months of age to 6
years of age).
2. Children with contraindications to the administration of the DPT vaccine.
3. Children aged 4-5 years inclusive, not previously vaccinated against diphtheria
and tetanus.
The course of vaccination consists of two vaccinations with an interval of 30 days. Reduction
no interval allowed. If it is necessary to increase the interval, another
vaccination should be carried out as soon as possible, determined by the condition
health of the child. Revaccination with ADS-toxoid is carried out once after 6-12
months after the completed course of vaccination. The first revaccination of children who have reached 6
years, as well as subsequent age-related revaccinations are carried out with ADS-M-toxoid.
ADS-toxoid can be administered a month later or simultaneously with polio
vaccine and other drugs of the national calendar of preventive
vaccinations.
Reaction to the introduction. ADS-toxoid is a weakly reactive drug. Individual vaccinated in the first two days may develop short-term general (fever, malaise) and local (soreness, hyperemia, swelling) reactions. In extremely rare cases, allergic reactions may develop (Quincke's edema, urticaria, polymorphic rash), a slight exacerbation allergic diseases... Considering the possibility of development allergic reactions immediate type in especially sensitive persons, the vaccinated must be monitored for 30 minutes. Vaccination sites should be provided with anti-shock therapy.
Contraindications Permanent contraindications to the use of ADS-
toxoid in adults and children are absent.
Children who have had acute illnesses are vaccinated 2-4 weeks after
recovery. In mild forms of diseases (rhinitis, slight hyperemia of the pharynx, etc.), vaccination is allowed after the disappearance of clinical symptoms.
Sick chronic diseases vaccinated upon reaching full or partial remission. Children with neurological changes are vaccinated after excluding the progression of the process. Patients with allergic diseases are vaccinated after 2-4 weeks of remission, while stable manifestations of the disease (localized skin phenomena, latent bronchospasm, etc.) are not contraindications to vaccination, which can be carried out against the background of appropriate therapy.

3. INFANRIX

DIPHTHERIA-TETANUS VACCINE, THREE-COMPONENT CELLLESS WHOLE ADSORBED LIQUID

COMPOSITION
The vaccine contains diphtheria toxoid, tetanus toxoid, and three purified pertussis antigens (pertussis toxoid (CA), filamentous hemagglutinin (PHA) and outer membrane protein (pertactin) with a molecular weight of 69 kDa, adsorbed on aluminum).
One dose of the vaccine (0.5 ml) contains:
Active ingredients: at least 30 international units (IU) of diphtheria toxoid, at least 40 IU of tetanus toxoid, 25 μg CA, 25 μg PHA and 8 μg pertactin.
Other ingredients: aluminum (in the form of aluminum hydroxide) - 0.5 mg, 2-phenoxyethanol (preservative) - 2.5 mg, sodium chloride - 4.5 mg, water for injection - up to 0.5 ml.
Residual formaldehyde content - no more than 0.2 mg / ml.

PURPOSE
Primary vaccination against diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis in children from 3 months of age.
Revaccination of children who were previously immunized with three doses of acellular pertussis-diphtheria-tetanus or whole-cell pertussis-diphtheria-tetanus vaccine.
At the beginning of the course of vaccination with whole-cell pertussis-diphtheria-tetanus vaccine, it is possible to administer subsequent doses of acellular pertussis-diphtheria-tetanus vaccine and vice versa.

CONTRAINDICATIONS
Known hypersensitivity to any component of this vaccine, as well as if the patient has experienced symptoms of hypersensitivity after the previous administration of Infanrix®.
Severe reaction (temperature above 40C, hyperemia or edema more than 8 cm in diameter) or complication (collapse or shock-like state that developed within 48 hours after vaccine administration; continuous crying lasting 3 hours or more that occurred within 48 hours after vaccine administration ; convulsions, accompanied or not accompanied by a febrile state, occurred within 3 days after vaccination) for the previous administration of Infanrix® vaccine.
Encephalopathy that develops within 7 days after the previous administration of the vaccine containing the pertussis component. In this case, the course of vaccination should be continued with diphtheria-tetanus vaccine.

ADVERSE REACTIONS
Pain, redness (more than 2 cm), swelling (more than 2 cm), fever,
unusual crying, vomiting, diarrhea, refusal to eat or drink, drowsiness, restlessness.
Cases of collapses and shock-like states (hypotonic-hyporesponsive episodes) and convulsions within 2-3 days after vaccination were extremely rare. These side effects were transient and did not lead to any consequences.
Also, during the clinical use of the vaccine, the following adverse events were recorded in the post-vaccination period.
On the part of the skin (1% or less): dermatitis;
from the side respiratory system(3% or less): cough, rhinitis, bronchitis, other upper respiratory tract infections;
associated with resistance to infections (1% or less): otitis media.
After revaccination with Infanrix® vaccine, carried out after primary vaccination with the same vaccine (according to studies covering 2,363 injected doses)
Respiratory system disorders (4% or less): cough, pharyngitis, bronchitis, other upper respiratory tract infections, rhinitis, respiratory failure;
associated with resistance to infections (3% or less): viral infection, otitis media.

After revaccination with Infanrix® vaccine, carried out after primary vaccination with whole-cell pertussis-diphtheria-tetanus vaccine (according to studies covering 606 doses administered)
From the respiratory system (3% or less): cough, pharyngitis, upper respiratory tract infections, bronchitis;
associated with resistance to infections (2% or less): otitis media.

SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS
Before vaccination, the child's history should be studied, paying attention to the previous administration of vaccines and the associated occurrence of adverse reactions, as well as an examination.
The introduction of the vaccine should be postponed if the child has an acute illness accompanied by an increase in temperature. In case of an infectious disease in a mild form, vaccination can be carried out after the temperature has returned to normal. As with the introduction of any other vaccines, you should have everything you need ready to stop a possible anaphylactic reaction to Infanrix®. Therefore, the vaccinated must be kept under medical supervision within 30 minutes after immunization.
Infanrix® should be used with caution in patients with thrombocytopenia or with disorders of the blood coagulation system, since in such patients intramuscular injection may cause bleeding. To prevent bleeding, press on the injection site without rubbing it for at least 2 minutes.
HIV infection is not a contraindication to vaccination.

Contraindications to the introduction of DPT

MODERN CONTRAINDICATIONS TO DTP

1. Sharp infectious diseases and non-infectious - vaccination is carried out no earlier than 1 month after recovery;
2. Exacerbation of chronic diseases - vaccination is carried out individually in 1-3 months from the onset of remission;
3. Long-term and serious illnesses(viral hepatitis, tuberculosis, meningitis, myocarditis, hemorrhagic vasculitis, etc.) - vaccination is carried out individually 5-12 months after recovery;
4. Unusual reactions and complications to the previous administration of DTP vaccine
- severe forms allergic reactions (shock, Quincke's edema, polymorphic exudative erythema);
- convulsions, episodes of a shrill scream, disturbance of consciousness;
- severe extensive reactions (temperature rise over 39.5C, severe symptoms of intoxication);
5. Diseases of the nervous system, convulsive syndrome, general or local neurological symptoms;
6. Prematurity (birth weight less than 2500 g) - vaccination is carried out at the age of 6 months, subject to normal psychomotor and physical development;
7. Severe forms of allergic diseases: shock, serum sickness syndrome, recurrent Quincke's edema, generalized eczema, severe forms bronchial asthma;
8. Immunodeficiency states, malignant blood diseases and neoplasms, the appointment of immunosuppressants.

CONTRAINDICATIONS TO DTP THAT EXISTED 30 YEARS BEFORE THE INTRODUCTION OF "NEW" ...

Clinical contraindications for vaccinations

All healthy children are subject to vaccinations, who must be preliminarily examined by a doctor (paramedic at the paramedic-obstetric station), taking into account their anamnesis data (previous diseases, reactions to previously vaccinated, allergic reactions to medications, food products, etc.) and examined with compulsory thermometry immediately before vaccination. If necessary, urine and blood tests are done. Children with chronic diseases and allergic conditions living in rural areas must be examined by a doctor before the vaccination. Parents of children attending nursery preschool institutions must be notified in advance of the date of vaccination.
When selecting children for DTP vaccination, contraindications must be strictly observed; it should be borne in mind that some children who have contraindications to the administration of the DPT vaccine can be vaccinated against diphtheria and tetanus with ADS toxoids.
Below is a differentiated list of contraindications for immunization with DTP vaccine and DTP toxoid.

Medical contraindications for inoculation with DTP-vaccine, DTP and DTP-M toxoids

1. Acute diseases(infectious and non-infectious), including the period of convalescence: Not earlier than a month after recovery
* Infectious hepatitis (hepatitis A): Not earlier than 6 months after recovery
* Serum hepatitis (hepatitis B): Not earlier than 12 months after recovery
* Meningococcal infection (generalized form without meningitis), infectious diseases with a protracted and chronic course (sepsis, dysentery, otitis media, etc.): Not earlier than 6 months after recovery
* Chronic tonsillitis and adenoiditis requiring surgical treatment: Not earlier than 2 months after surgery or debridement according to the otolaryngologist's opinion
2. Tuberculosis: pulmonary and extrapulmonary forms in the open phase; severe tuberculous intoxication with subfebrile condition; turn of tuberculin tests: After recovery according to the conclusion of the phthisiatrician
3. Chronic pneumonia:
ADS-toxin - Not earlier than 12 months from the date of remission
ADS-M toxoid - Not earlier than 6 months from the date of remission
4. Allergic diseases
Anaphylactic shock, history of serum sickness, recurrent Quincke's edema, widespread urticaria, Lyell and Stevens-Jones syndromes: Contraindicated
* Bronchial asthma, asthmatic bronchitis:
DPT vaccine - Contraindicated
ADS-M toxoid - Not earlier than 2 years from the onset of remission (according to the opinion of the allergist)
* Common eczema, neurodermatitis, scrofulus:
DPT vaccine - Contraindicated
ADS-toxin - Contraindicated
ADS-M toxoid - Not earlier than 12 months from the onset of remission
* Allergic reactions to certain allergens (various rashes and other clinical disorders): Not earlier than 3 months after the reaction
* History of DPT vaccine reaction
a. an increase in temperature to 40C and above in the first two days;
b. severe allergic reactions
v. neurological complications (convulsive syndrome, piercing continuous cry on the first day)
DPT vaccine - Contraindicated
ADS-toxin - Contraindicated
ADS-M toxoid - Not earlier than 12 months after the reaction (according to the conclusion of a specialist)
5. Diseases of the nervous system:
Hereditary, degenerative and progressive diseases of the nervous system:
Contraindicated
* Epilepsy, history of convulsive syndrome:
DPT vaccine - Contraindicated
ADS-toxin - Contraindicated
ADS-M toxoid - Not earlier than 6 months after a seizure
* Birth injury with residual effects (children cerebral paralysis and etc.):
DPT vaccine - Contraindicated
ADS-toxin - Contraindicated
ADS-M toxoid - With favorable current forms over the age of one year
* Birth trauma, prolonged birth asphyxia without residual manifestations from the nervous system:
DPT vaccine - After one year of age
ADS-toxin - After the age of one year
ADS-M toxoid - After six months
* Hydrocephalus de- and subcompensated: Contraindicated
* Compensated hydrocephalus:
DPT vaccine - With stable compensation throughout the year
ADS-toxin - With stable compensation for at least 6 months
ADS-M toxoid - With persistent compensation for at least 6 months
* Children from the group high risk(the threat of a miscarriage in the mother, obstetric benefits or surgical interventions during childbirth):
DTP vaccine - After 6 months of age
ADS-toxin - After 3 months of age
ADS-M toxoid - After 3 months of age
* Infectious diseases of the central nervous system (meningitis, encephalitis, encephalomyelitis) with residual effects:
DPT vaccine - Contraindicated
ADS-toxin - Contraindicated
* Without residual effects:

ADS-M toxoid - Not earlier than 6 months after the end acute period
* Traumatic brain injury (concussion, bruises, hemorrhages in the brain and membranes) with residual effects:
DPT vaccine - Contraindicated
ADS-toxin - Contraindicated
ADS-M toxoid - Not earlier than 2 years after the end of the acute period
* Without residual effects:
DTP vaccine - 12 months after the end of the acute period
ADS-toxin - 12 months after the end of the acute period
ADS-M toxoid - Not earlier than 6 months after the end of the acute period
6. Severe forms of rickets (II-III), malnutrition (II-III), vitamin deficiency: After recovery
7. Hemolytic disease of the newborn. Severe prematurity (Weight less than 2 kg.): After the age of 1 year, with normal indices overall development and blood
8. Diseases of the cardiovascular system:
decompensated congenital and acquired heart defects; subacute septic endocarditis: Contraindicated
* Heart defects in a state of compensation: According to a specialist
* Rheumatism:
DPT vaccine - Contraindicated
ADS-toxin - Not earlier than 3 years from the moment of clinical and laboratory remission
ADS-M toxoid - Not earlier than 3 years from the moment of clinical and laboratory remission
* Myocarditis:
DPT vaccine - Contraindicated
ADS-toxin - Not earlier than 12 months from recovery according to the conclusion of a specialist
ADS-M anatoxin - Not earlier than 12 months from recovery according to the conclusion of a specialist
9. Kidney disease
Chronic renal failure, congenital nephropathy: Contraindicated
* Diffuse glomerulonephritis:
DPT vaccine - Contraindicated
ADS-toxin - Contraindicated
ADS-M toxoid - 5 years after complete clinical and laboratory remission
* Pyelonephritis:
DPT vaccine - Contraindicated
ADS-toxin - Contraindicated
ADS-M toxoid - 3 years after complete clinical and laboratory remission
* Toxic nephropathy (transient): Not earlier than 6 months after recovery
* Infections urinary tract:
DPT vaccine - Contraindicated
ADS-toxin - Contraindicated
ADS-M toxoid - 12 months after complete clinical and laboratory remission
10. Diseases of the liver and pancreas
Liver cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis and pancreatitis: Contraindicated
* Acute pancreatitis:
DPT vaccine - Contraindicated
ADS-toxin - Contraindicated
ADS-M toxoid - Not earlier than 6 months after recovery
* Inflammatory diseases biliary tract:
DPT vaccine - Not earlier than 6 months after recovery (subject to bile readjustment)
ADS-toxin - Not earlier than 6 months after recovery (subject to bile readjustment)
ADS-M toxoid - Not earlier than 3 months after recovery
11. Diseases of the blood
leukemia, lymphogranulomatosis, aplastic anemia, hemophilia, Verlhof's disease, constitutional dysgammastobulinemia: Contraindicated
* Hemorrhagic vasculitis (capillarotoxicosis):
DPT vaccine - Contraindicated
ADS-toxin - Contraindicated
ADS-M toxoid - Not earlier than 2 years from the date of complete clinical and laboratory remission
* Deficiency anemias: After recovery
12. Malignant neoplasms: Contraindicated
13. Collagenosis: Contraindicated.
14. Diseases of the endocrine system
diabetes mellitus, severe forms of thyrotoxicosis, adrenal insufficiency (or dysfunction), myxedema, congenital fermentopathies: Contraindicated
* Thymomegaly:
DPT vaccine - Contraindicated
ADS-toxin - Contraindicated
ADS-M toxoid - Upon the onset of age-related involution
15. Ulcerative colitis: Contraindicated.
16. Operative interventions: Not earlier than 2 months after surgery

DTP - "vaccine": composition and methods of studying safety

“I would like to note another annoying circumstance that exists among some specialists in justification of adverse vaccination reactions. It is believed that with sufficient effectiveness of vaccines, their reactogenicity can be neglected. This kind of reasoning serves only as a disguise bad job vaccine authors and must meet strong objections. Preventive vaccines used for children should be completely harmless, minimally reactogenic and highly effective. Vaccination preparations of this characteristic, if desired and persistent, can be obtained. "L. F. Zdrodovsky

What is the purpose of adding mercury-containing salt - an antibacterial pesticide - to some inactivated vaccines?

A. I. Kondrusev (former chief state sanitary doctor of the USSR): "The merthiolate used in the production of DPT vaccine plays the role of a stabilizer of immunogenic properties (but no one has studied them! - G. Ch.) And suppresses the reactogenicity of the pertussis component" (together with formaldehyde ... suppresses reactogenicity? - G.Ch.) - "Komsomolskaya Pravda", 09.10.1988.

With such an answer, the question naturally arises: why is merthiolate introduced into ADS-M, ADS, AD, which do not contain "K" - the pertussis component? Or: why is merthiolate not used at all enterprises that manufacture serum preparations - immunoglobulins? Some manufactures, even domestic ones, do not use preservatives, but they produce sterile serum preparations.

T. A. Bektimirov ( former director GNIISK):
"1. The materials available at the institute and the WHO requirements for medical biological products do not give grounds for the immediate exclusion of merthiolate from the DPT vaccine and other sorbed drugs.
2. Considering that, according to the regulatory and technical documentation for immunoglobulins, the addition of merthiolate is not mandatory, a complete transition to the production of immunoglobulins without merthiolate is possible, while simultaneously improving the production conditions at enterprises producing preparations with merthiolate.
4 .... To develop production technologies to eliminate preservatives from biological products.
5. When new preparations containing merthiolate are received by the KVS or GISK, ask the authors to provide justification for the inclusion of a preservative in a biological product. "

Therefore, merthiolate cannot be excluded from sorbed preparations. Why? For additional clarification from other authors, see below. And another thing: it is not very clear whether to include preservatives in biological products or ... to develop new technologies?

A. A. Sumarokov (former chairman of the FAC): "... As well as the WHO recommendations, according to which not only it is allowed, but in relation to individual drugs, the use of merthiolate is strongly recommended, which guarantees the sterility of drugs both during their release and in application process ". - From the minutes of the PIC meeting, 02/04/87

And now let's turn to some of the recommendations of the WHO, which allegedly "strongly recommends the use of merthiolate": As a rule, proprietary names are distinguished by initial capital letters... ". I have not met a single mention of the WHO on the patenting of merthiolate, and there are no" strong recommendations "for its use (WHO, series of technical reports - STD, 1960-1990).

Merthiolate is a mercury-containing salt, it would seem that everything is clear. But we would never have known what kind of merthiolate is added to children's vaccines and purchased (or purchased for 40 years in advance) by our state ... for foreign currency, if it were not for the oversight of Yu. Ya. Yakushevich, director of the I. I. Mechnikov of Moscow (Petrovo-Dalnee). He asked GNIISK for clarification on the use of merthiolate (letters dated 22.06.84 and 04.12.84): "At present, the drug entering the USSR from Germany and Switzerland has an inscription -" only for laboratory purposes ", and from the USA (the company "Sigma") additionally - "do not use for drugs." The drug meets the requirements of Order No. 31, but these inscriptions raise doubts. "

These inscriptions, tragic for our children, cause only doubts among the manufacturer of vaccines used for babies. Not only that, for the last five years, the production workers and controllers of the State Research Institute of the State Scientific Inspection, as well as some health officials, have been trying to prove (without documents and experimental research) that the dose is ... small. For whom is it "negligible" and safe if there are no documents from companies, and GNIISK did not study it for safety? There is no data on the complex effect of merthiolate and formaldehyde, no one has ever studied this conglomerate - DPT with all chemical impurities - on long-term consequences... Firms warn, therefore, do not accept any responsibility. We received a reply from Soyuzkhimexport (25.12.86): environment, the production of merthiolate in Europe is prohibited, so the association failed to place your order for this drug (the firms did not accept our order). "

"So what," FF told me. Rezepov, - "and we will buy it in Africa, now new factories are being built there ... they have been producing such a DTP for fifty years and we will prepare another 100 in the same way ...". The same Rezepov, who is the main controlling head of the DPT.

DPT contains "acceptable, low" concentrations of two known for their effects pesticide disinfectants. It would seem so natural, before admitting, it is necessary to study and prove the safety of the admitted "small" doses. But they didn’t study it. Why did it happen? "This is what the WHO recommends", - the answer of the controllers of the State Research Institute of the Information Technologies and Communications of the Russian Federation. Well, let's turn again to the WHO recommendations:

- "... The mention of certain companies or products ... does not mean that WHO favors them ..."
- ".. If chemicals are used in the production process, they must be approved by the national control body ..."
- "... At the end of the process, any inactivating agent must be removed or neutralized ... The method used for this must be approved by the national control authority ..."
- "... It is necessary to choose such an inactivation technique so that the finished material does not contain detectable quantities chemical substances... "(the inactivating agent in DPT is formaldehyde, moreover, in quite detectable quantities - G.Ch.);
- "... It is especially important to make sure that finished product did not contain substances known to be toxic or cause allergic reactions in humans ... "
- "... Add only those preservatives and other substances which are approved by the national control authority and which, in the concentration applied, should be shown by the results of the relevant tests, do not impair the safety or efficacy of the vaccines ..."
- "... The term" national control authority "or" national control laboratory ", as used in the text of the WHO recommendations, always refers to the facilities in the country where the vaccine is produced."

So, it seems like there is no reason to refer to the "urgent recommendations" of this organization. Our health authorities are responsible for national orders, regulations, requirements and vaccine deficiencies.

In our talk, we often use the word "known". But what we talk about and write about is actually known for a long time. An immense amount of literature has been written about the toxic and allergenic properties of mercury salts and formaldehyde, including in domestic publications. The volume of materials is such that it is unrealistic to present it briefly. Information is given in reviews, reference books, and WHO publications.

In the "Handbook on pesticides" edited by Acad. L. I. Medveda said: "... Pesticides are a collective name generally accepted in world practice chemicals... pestle - harm, cido - I kill ... They have biological activity and can cause disruptions in the life of not only living organisms against which they are used, but also others, including animals and humans ... Possessing biological activity, they potentially hazardous to wildlife and human health ... Concentrations capable of destroying bacteria can be hazardous to human health. "Read - even more so for health infants with the injection of a complex of chemicals in doses that have not been studied for safety in any biological model.

It is known from other sources that:

The greatest tropism of mercury salts is towards the tissues of the fetus (embryo), which resulted in the birth of a large number children with congenital deformities, with lesions of the central nervous system, including cerebral palsy, chorea, ataxia, convulsions, mental retardation, rare forms of skeletal deformities - all this is caused by the consumption of mercury-containing fish in the diet of pregnant women. This is through the placenta, from ... fish, and we are injections to an infant;

Another flash, with a large number cases of poisoning and deaths was caused in Iraq by the consumption of contaminated bread baked from grain treated with alkyl mercury fungicides;

Merthiolate - sodium ethylmercury salicylate - analogue of granosan - seed dressing;

There is even evidence that the USSR is not allowed to use preservatives for consumer products (milk, butter, bread, fresh meat) ... especially in food baby food... For the physiological intake of food - preservatives are not allowed, but for injections for infants - please!

From the "Encyclopedia of Adverse Reactions":

"... Alkyl mercury compounds, methyl and ethyl, are not used in medicine ... These are highly toxic compounds ... They, unlike most other mercury compounds, are lipophilic, are slowly excreted from the body and therefore can accumulate in the nervous tissue ... ". It is this kind of merthiolate - ethylmercursalicylic acid of sodium salt - for more than three decades, regularly and "necessarily" (!) Introduced into the body of infants, and even after vaccination with weakened mycobacterium tuberculosis - BCG.

(G.P. Chervonskaya "Vaccinations: Myths and Reality")

Vaccination statistics

Deadly vaccination

Christina Kolebek

Today is such a sweet sixteenth birthday for my daughter, but we won't be celebrating it. Instead, I will light a candle in her memory, and when I blow it out, I will make a wish. My wish is for mothers all over the world to learn and be able to make decisions based on knowledge. This solution will prevent senseless tragedies and never allow mothers to experience my pain.
Laura's story

After forty-one weeks of pregnancy, healthy, adorable baby Laura Mary entered this world on July 27, 1986. At home we were enthusiastically greeted by our family and our friends, anxiously awaiting the arrival of a new family member. They filled her with so many beautiful little ones pink dresses that we were joking that she couldn't wear them out in her entire life.

Our life has changed completely. They now revolved around strolling in the park, visiting friends, changing diapers, feeding at night, and shopping for even smaller pink dresses. We became parents, we had now real family and life was wonderful.

I took Laura to the pediatrician for a checkup. The latter was a middle-aged, amiable and affable woman. She was very happy with Laura's development and weight at 3 months. She got her DPT and oral polio vaccines. I didn't ask any questions, because I knew that all my friends' children received the same vaccinations at the same age and that all "good mothers" vaccinate their children to protect them. We left the pediatrician's office and went home.

Laura was very restless. It was unusual for her. She was crying loudly in her wheelchair. When we got home, I realized she was urinating so much that everything in the stroller got wet. Then her crying turned into a scream, then she got a fever. The leg is swollen, red and hot to the touch. I called the pediatrician and she said that it was "normal" and that I should give the child tempra. I gave tempra and felt calmer, because the pediatrician convinced me that this is normal.

Laura continued to scream, and I could no longer calm her down. All my instincts told me that it was not normal, but I was young, this was my first child and I trusted the doctor. I could not hold Laura in my arms, because in my arms she began to scream even louder - it seemed that any movement of her leg caused her terrible pain. I put her in the crib and she screamed until she fell asleep. This gave me great relief. Tempra was working and the doctor was probably right. I thought it was foolish to worry so much. Later a short time Laura woke up screaming and spent the whole evening screaming and falling asleep.

She had absolutely no appetite, and nothing could stop her screaming. Finally it was bedtime and she screamed in her crib until she fell asleep. She had never screamed before before going to bed, and I felt very uncomfortable that I had left her, but when I held her in my arms, she screamed even louder. My husband came home from work and I told him everything that happened that day. Laura was fast asleep in her crib; she seemed to be feeling better and we decided not to worry ... And I should have worried!

In the morning I woke up and was amazed that my husband slept. I knew right away that something was wrong, and my anxiety last night enveloped me again. Terrified, I ran to her bed. Laura looked somehow unnatural. I closed my eyes and opened them again, thinking it was a dream. But when I opened my eyes, she looked dead.

I watched him do artificial respiration. I was numb and could not move. He tried to revive our child, but in vain. He shouted for me to open the door for the paramedics. For a while, I returned to reality, went and opened the door. Now I could move, but I could not speak. I stood in a daze, shaking my head and feeling completely helpless as the paramedics, police and firemen ran past me into our house. I didn’t cry, I wanted to shout to them to leave her alone, but I couldn’t speak. She was lying on the floor, and they shook her tiny body in a small bedroom with walls painted in yellow, and wallpaper with clowns. I stood there, praying in my soul that they would leave her alone, that they would come out of her bedroom and that I would wake up from this terrible dream.

I heard someone say there was a weak pulse, and hope arose in me. Ambulance rushed Laura to the hospital. At this time, the detectives ushered us into another room, and the interrogation began.

They decided that my husband and I should be interrogated in different rooms... I knew right away that they suspected us. We all know that healthy children do not die suddenly and just like that. I was speechless. I had already decided that it was all my fault, one way or another, and although I was not completely sure what exactly I did to kill her, I was convinced that somehow I was the cause of everything. Perhaps I was punished by God for my sin, or perhaps it was because I left her screaming until she fell asleep that night. The fact remained: my child was dead, and the children of "good mothers" did not die.

The husband began to strongly object to the nature of the questions asked and demanded that we be taken to the hospital immediately so that we could see our child. The detectives finally took us to the hospital. There we were taken to the "bad news room". The doctor came in and insisted that we sit down before he spoke. He began to talk about the fact that they had tried this and that, and finally, he said words that will echo in my ears all my life:

"She died".

The pediatrician, whom I respected and admired so much, broke down and cried when I told her this news by phone. She couldn't decide what to do. She defended the vaccine, then blamed her and those who said it was safe for my child's death.

Then she told me that she had another baby, a boy, who died after the same vaccination.

The detectives took us home. They asked so many questions and repeated them so often that they finally got tired of it themselves. Everything revolved around our possible involvement in the case. They searched everything for signs of illegal entry into the house. The husband told them again and again about unusual behavior child from the time he was vaccinated.

All our friends visited us. I made coffee and tidied up the house like it was an ordinary day we had guests. Shock is a strange and wonderful thing at the same time. You do not understand what is happening to you.

My parents insisted that I move in with them for a few days while my husband and friends were doing terrible job collecting things in the nursery. The room that I decorated with such love has become so empty and a source of such pain ...

A few days later, after a funeral and a tiny white coffin that was so small that my husband carried it alone, I finally came out of my shock and allowed myself to cry. I sobbed about everything that will never happen in my life. About a ballet studio to which I will never take my daughter. About her wedding, which I will never attend. About the grandchildren I will never see. About all the dreams associated with a daughter that will never come true. I sobbed about everything that happened and everything that will never happen. There was a void in me that threatened to swallow me whole. They were the blackest, the most scary days in my life.

The detectives eventually made sure that we did not harm our daughter in any way, and the investigation into the causes of her death was completed. We were left with no answers.

The doctors were reluctant to talk about her death in the context of any connection with the vaccine and, one by one, refused to answer our questions. I have been told repeatedly that "the benefits outweigh". I was even told that vaccine deaths were "expected" in the war against disease, but that these losses were considered to be at an "acceptable" level. However, for me, for a mother who lost her child, this did not seem acceptable.

Finally, a few months later, the coroner told us that the cause of death was SIDS (Sudden Infant Death Syndrome), which means "cause is unknown," and refused to give us a copy of the autopsy report.

It took almost a year for us to receive this protocol. To our dismay, we realized that the autopsy results were copied directly from the vaccine monograph, from the Contraindications section. The following was written:

“Cases of sudden infant death syndrome have been reported following vaccination with a vaccine containing diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus components. However, the significance of these reports is unclear. sudden infant deaths falls at the age of 2 to 4 months "

No toxicological testing was performed and the pediatrician never reported adverse reactions to the vaccine to health officials. I later learned that most vaccine-related deaths are attributed to SIDS, and SIDS statistics are NOT included in the vaccine adverse reaction data, even if the child dies a few hours after the vaccine. With this data, doctors and the public are convinced that vaccinations are safe.

The government's own literature reports that there has been little or no research on the safety or efficacy of vaccines. In essence, our children - this is it, this test. According to the literature, immunization is the “most cost effective” way to prevent disease. Nowhere in their literature is it stated that at the same time it is the safest. We are trading our children's lives to save government money. We are told the benefit outweighs the risk, but many of the diseases we vaccinate children against are not life-threatening when vaccines can kill.

Vaccinations kill more often than they try to convince us. We play vaccine roulette with the lives of our children, and we never know which child will fall victim to the next vaccine.

Are you willing to risk a 1 in 500,000 chance of death, 1 in 100,000 for permanent brain damage, 1 in 1,700 for seizures and convulsions, or 1 in 100 for adverse reactions? Are these odds reasonable enough to convince you to play roulette with your child's life?

I assure you that death by vaccination is neither quick nor painless. I watched helplessly as my daughter died slowly and painfully, screaming and writhing in pain as the vaccine did what it was designed to do — destroy her fragile immune system. Poisons used as preservatives seeped into her tiny body, penetrated into her organs and destroyed them until they completely stopped working. This picture will always haunt me, and I believe that neither parent should ever witness it.

Considered too inhumane for the county's most violent criminals, the death sentence was pronounced for my wonderful, innocent daughter, and executed by lethal injection.

Today, on my daughter's birthday, I mourn not only the loss of my own child but also all innocent children for whom the benefits of vaccines did not outweigh the risks, and who were sentenced to death by lethal injection under the slogan "the benefits outweighs." True war is not waged against disease; somehow we have become our own worst enemies by substituting our faith in science for nature. Today I call on all mothers in the world to join me and put an end to this senseless extermination of the most precious thing - our children.

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In the next issue: Poliomyelitis
Mailing host: Aglaya Yakovleva ( [email protected])
Health to you!

Doctors call the DPT vaccine the most important for childhood immunization, since it grants immunity in a complex manner to 3 dangerous infectious diseases: diphtheria, whooping cough and tetanus. Regardless of which vaccine a child or an adult will be vaccinated, vaccination is carried out according to the same scheme for each age. For children under one year old, these are three vaccinations with an interval of one and a half months, starting from 3 months of age, followed by revaccination in a year and a half. Older children (according to the schedule at 7 and 14 years old) and adults need to be vaccinated with another drug, without the pertussis component, or with one of the imported DTP. Let's take a closer look at all the available drugs in order to figure out which DPT vaccine is still better.

Domestic vaccine

On the territory of Russia, the drug is manufactured by NPK Microgen. The drug meets all the necessary requirements for the quality and effectiveness of immunization. In its composition, the drug contains three main components: toxoids of the causative agents of diphtheria and tetanus and cells of inactivated (dead) whooping cough. They act according to the principle standard for all vaccines - getting into the bloodstream, they cause a stress reaction of immunity, which develops to hazardous components antibodies. Subsequently, these antibodies prevent the spread of this infection in the body. Despite numerous controversies around the domestic DPT, it is effective and completely safe. However, the vaccine cannot be completely harmless to the body and the domestic drug is far from being in the first place here: it contains harmful substances formalin is also merthiolate. In addition, whole cells of the pertussis bacillus, which is an immunogenic component, have a high stress effect on the immune system and the body as a whole, as a result of which children or people with weakened immunity can get sick or undergo unpleasant post-vaccination reactions.

Do not hesitate to ask your doctor about which vaccine to choose in an unusual situation.

DPT from "NPK Microgen" is produced in glass medical ampoules, 5 or 10 pieces in a cardboard mesh packaging. Each ampoule contains 0.5 ml of the drug, which is one standard dose for inoculation. The kit always includes instructions and a special knife for opening ampoules. The main argument in favor of being vaccinated with a domestic vaccine is the economic benefit: in polyclinics it is provided free of charge, and in pharmacies it is sold for an amount not exceeding 200 rubles per pack (5-10 doses).

Imported vaccines

Vaccines produced in other countries for the prevention of diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis are conventionally also called DPT, although this is the direct name of the drug produced in Russia. It is worth talking about them in more detail, since each imported vaccine is significantly different from the Russian one. The main difference is the absence of formalin and merthiolate in the composition (these substances are prohibited for use in drugs on the territory of the European Union and the USA) and the cell-free technology for the production of the anti-pertussis component. Such features of the composition significantly reduce possible post-vaccination reactions, such as fever, swelling, rash, convulsions, and negate the chance of an allergic reaction. In addition, many imported DPT vaccines set up against others dangerous infections, poliomyelitis, hepatitis, etc. The immune response (vaccination efficiency) is 2-3% lower than that of the Russian vaccine, however, taking into account revaccination, there is practically no difference.

Infanrix

The most popular vaccine after DPT, it is used everywhere both from 3 months of age and adults. The vaccine is produced on the basis of a cell-free technology, without the content of merthiolate and formalin, and the reactogenicity is at the lowest level among imported drugs. The drug is sold only in pharmacies and vaccination rooms (in combination with the vaccination service), the price varies from 450 to 600 rubles (one dose). The drug is packaged in disposable syringes, complete with needles in accordance with the dosage, which has a positive effect on the convenience and speed of vaccination. The syringes are also aseptically hermetically sealed, which excludes the possibility of contamination with a non-sterile medical instrument. Doctors recommend vaccinating with this particular vaccine for babies with weakened health or allergic reactions to the components of DPT. The drug is produced in Belgium by the world famous company GlaxoSmithKline.

Infanrix Hexa

This drug is externally different from previous presence in the package of a separate suspension with the vaccine against hepatitis B. The composition of the main vaccine also contains immunogenic substances against the causative agents of poliomyelitis and hemophilic infections. The possibility of simultaneous simultaneous vaccination of pertussis, poliomyelitis, hemophilus influenzae, tetanus and diphtheria at the same time as hepatitis is very convenient - this allows you to do fewer vaccinations and does not worry about the interaction and quality of drugs.

Remember: more expensive is not always better. Infanrix Hexa costs quite an impressive amount, but the anihepatitis component in its composition is not always needed!

It is best used at the age of 6 months, when the DTP vaccination schedule coincides with the vaccination against hepatitis B. In addition, in the period from the 3rd to the 6th month of the child's life, the vaccination of hemophilus influenzae and poliomyelitis is carried out. Proper use of the vaccine with the approval of a physician can cut the number of injections needed in half. The antihepatitis component in the package is dry and mixed in one syringe with the main suspension just before injection. It is important that no other vaccines and components can be administered in this way at the same time - only the components of Infanrix Hexa. The approximate cost of the vaccine is 500–600 rubles. The package contains only one dose of the vaccine, in aseptically and sealed disposable syringe.

Tetraxim

Complex French preparation from the Sanofi pasteur company. It is also a complex vaccine containing an additional anti-poliomyelitis component. Like Infanrix it is made on the basis of cell-free technology, without merthiolate and formalin. Packaged in metered sealed syringes, one dose per package. The cost exceeds 700 rubles, however, the quality of the drug is considered the highest in comparison with other vaccines. You can be sure that after vaccination, any negative reaction.

Pentaxim

By analogy with Infanrix and Infanrix, Hexa is a variation of the usual Pentaxim. The only difference is the presence of a component that generates immunity to hemophilus influenza. There is no need to mix vaccine components, they are in finished form in one syringe. The approximate cost of the drug is 1 thousand rubles. You can injections with this drug at any time; this will not disrupt the vaccination schedule against other infections.

Final comparison

In order to simplify the question of which vaccine is better to choose, let's summarize the differences in DPT drugs. As already mentioned, the main difference between imported drugs is their production technology. Imported vaccines completely exclude merthiolate and formalin, which most often cause a negative reaction of the body to vaccination. Among such reactions can be both a compaction at the site of the vaccination for 3-4 days, and a significant increase in temperature, which will have to be brought down by antipyretics. Lack of pertussis cells (imported vaccines use parts of the cell walls, which does not bring any stress to the body, but provides the desired response immune system) is also positive factor reducing the likelihood of illness after vaccination or an allergic reaction. Despite the fact that Russian companies have already developed a non-lethal composition of the DPT vaccine and are working on acellular, the quality of these vaccines leaves much to be desired; moreover, they are not provided free of charge in hospitals.

The second advantage of imported vaccinations is their convenience: firstly, combined formulations capable of inoculating immunity immediately from the complex various infections, secondly, the dosage and packaging of drugs in syringes, which greatly simplifies the injection process and eliminates the risk of infection if the asepsis rules are not followed in the clinic. In addition, a ready-to-inject syringe and detailed instructions allows even non-qualified people to be vaccinated, if necessary. For many parents, it is important to keep the number of shots to a minimum, even at a high cost, for example, if the child does not tolerate the injections.

Whichever vaccine you decide to vaccinate in required time, make sure the authenticity of the drug and the observance of the conditions for its storage.

The most obvious and perhaps the only drawback imported vaccines is the price factor. If you are vaccinated exclusively with foreign drugs, the price of immunological procedures rises to several thousand per year. While the usual DTP is always provided by local clinics within the timeframes established by the national vaccination schedule. How many days does the temperature last after DTP and polio vaccination? DTP vaccination, poliomyelitis, hepatitis. Vaccination with combined drugs Reaction to ads and poliomyelitis in children, possible causes

Mass vaccination, about which parents and doctors are breaking spears today, was the result of epidemics of infectious diseases that took the lives of children until the middle of the last century. To stop the wave of deaths, the DPT vaccine, which has been used everywhere since the 50s of the past century, was able to.

The statistics of infant mortality in Russia and other countries before the start of mass vaccinations are approximately the same. The data is as follows: