The first signs of pregnancy. How to determine pregnancy. The first signs of pregnancy: how to identify an interesting position based on early symptoms. Physiological and laboratory changes

16.04.2019

1 week of pregnancy is a conditional period, since obstetricians begin the countdown of pregnancy from the first day last menstruation... What for? First of all, a woman almost always remembers the start date of her period, especially if she plans to become pregnant. But the date when the pregnancy actually began, that is, the day of ovulation and fertilization, in most cases the woman simply does not know. Even if the partners remember the date of intercourse, fertilization could have occurred within a few days after it. The exceptions are cases when an ovulation test was carried out, and conception occurred on that day. Then the woman knows for sure when the pregnancy began. Another exception is if conception occurred by in vitro fertilization, then exact date the beginning of pregnancy is always known.

What happens at 1 week of pregnancy?

Every woman planning a pregnancy should know the difference between gestational and embryonic gestation.

It is the gestational (or obstetric) period of pregnancy that is counted from the first day of menstruation. The embryonic period begins from the moment of fertilization. Since in most cases ovulation and fertilization of the egg occurs 2–2.5 weeks from the beginning of the cycle (from the first day of menstruation), the embryonic gestational age is less than the gestational period by these 2–2.5 weeks. Thus, a pregnancy of 1–2 weeks is a conditional obstetric period, during which important changes occur in the female body, preparing it for the onset of pregnancy.

According to the obstetric reference system, pregnancy lasts an average of 40 weeks, or ten obstetric months (one obstetric month pregnancy is exactly 4 weeks, or 28 days, not a calendar month).

Keeping in mind the start date of your last menstrual period, it is very easy to calculate the estimated due date: just add 7 days to this date and count three months back.

Pregnancy 1 week: signs

Is it possible to determine the signs of pregnancy at 1 week? In fact, no, because the pregnancy has not yet occurred. First signs of pregnancy (1 week embryonic term) can be discerned a little later: you may notice some irritability, weakness, possible aching pains lower abdomen, resembling painful sensations before menstruation.

What's happening?

With the onset of menstruation, the preparation of the body begins. future mother to the development of pregnancy. Important events are happening now structural changes in the endometrium: during menstruation, its functional layer exfoliates, and then a new loose layer of cells is formed, ideal for implantation of the embryo.

Under the influence of change hormonal background the process of maturation of the egg takes place. The beginning of this long process lies even during puberty: it is then that the development of follicles begins. With the beginning of each menstrual cycle, several follicles begin to actively grow at once, but then one of them is ahead of all the others - this is how the dominant follicle is formed. It is he who will come to the moment of ovulation - the release of the egg ready for fertilization from the follicle.

Immediately after ovulation, the egg is in abdominal cavity, from where, with the help of the movements of the villous apparatus of the fallopian tube, it moves directly into the tube. It is here that fertilization is normal and occurs.

On average, ovulation occurs on days 12-16 of the menstrual cycle, but it is considered normal if this process occurs on both days 8 and 19. That is why, in the overwhelming majority of cases, a woman does not know when fertilization occurs. But if you are planning a pregnancy, you must definitely take this period with full responsibility and prepare correctly.

The first weeks of pregnancy are the most crucial period: right now they are major changes the embryo, absolutely all organs are laid, the formation of all tissues, all systems begins. Anyone now negative factor can affect the development of the baby and even cause termination of pregnancy at 1 week. When planning a pregnancy, you must take care of your health in advance, including good nutrition.

Your diet should be balanced before and throughout your pregnancy: you should receive enough all essential nutrients: proteins, valuable carbohydrates, vitamins, trace elements, healthy fats. Turn in daily menu a variety of vegetables, fruits, herbs, berries, nuts. Eliminate alcohol completely, try to avoid foods with preservatives, dyes, flavor enhancers and other chemical additives.

Talk to your doctor and start taking a multivitamin. Pay attention to the sufficient content of folic acid in them. Folate has been shown to significantly reduce risk congenital pathology nervous system... That's why folic acid is part of all special vitamins for pregnant women. Such drugs should be taken three months before the planned pregnancy. Such preconception preparation helps to reduce the risk of fetal anomalies and helps to endure pregnancy.

Mom's feelings

Since the first week of pregnancy is the beginning next menstruation, the woman's sensations will be appropriate. Possible lower abdominal pain associated with a spasm of the muscle layer of the uterus, weakness. Since the actual pregnancy has not yet occurred, there will not be any specific signs yet. Only when the 1st week of pregnancy after conception begins, you will notice the characteristic signs.

Every woman planning a pregnancy looks forward to the first signs of it. Symptoms that suggest pregnancy include:

Lack of menstruation. The most famous and frequent symptom pregnancy on early dates- This is a delay in the next menstrual bleeding. If conception has occurred, and the development of the embryo has begun, the corpus luteum continues to function, and the progesterone it produces prevents the rejection of the functional layer of the endometrium - menstruation does not occur. However, this symptom is not always present: in some cases, even during pregnancy, there may be periods.
Enhancement basal temperature... If a woman measures the basal temperature during the entire menstrual cycle, she will notice a change in the schedule: when pregnancy occurs, this indicator rises, and the reason for this is the effect of progesterone.
Malaise. Already in the early stages, a woman may experience nausea, more often in the morning, weakness, dizziness.
Breast changes. Presumptive signs of pregnancy include breast tenderness, tenderness, swelling, and the appearance of a venous network on the breast.
Change of selection. Already at 1 week of pregnancy, the discharge under the influence of progesterone changes: the amount of cervical mucus increases. But this symptom is also individual: some women do not notice an increase in the abundance of discharge, and for some this symptom is quite pronounced.
Painful sensations in the lower abdomen. In early pregnancy, contractions of the uterus often occur, and these sensations often resemble the beginning of a period.
Bloody discharge before the expected period. When the embryo is implanted into the endometrium, bloody discharge may appear. This occurs about a week before the expected start of your next period.
Positive pregnancy test. Of course, the most anticipated moment for a woman planning a pregnancy is two stripes on the test. It must be remembered that the test is not always positive, because the test strip determines the concentration of the hormone -, and if it is below the level that can determine this test then the result may be false negative.

Despite the fact that the fertilization process has not yet taken place, and the development of the baby has not begun, your body is ready for this, and 1 week of pregnancy is very important period in order to properly prepare.

It is now very important to avoid any toxins entering the body. Eliminate alcohol consumption, smoking, intake drugs that can negatively affect the development of the embryo. If you still need drug treatment any illness during this period, be sure to consult your doctor.
During this period, the effect of X-ray radiation on the pelvic area is undesirable. If such an examination is necessary, be sure to tell your doctor that you are planning a pregnancy. It may be advisable to postpone the planned conception to the next month.
Stressful situations should be limited to the maximum right now. If you have a hard work involving mental stress, consider: maybe something needs to be changed. Try to avoid conflicts with relatives. Most importantly, pay attention to your relationship with your spouse: arrange romantic evenings, plan everything together. As for sex at 1 week of pregnancy, then, without a doubt, there are no contraindications.
Support your immunity: vitamins, balanced diet, daily walks, physical activity - all this will greatly help you cope with the change in your condition during pregnancy.
Avoid contact with people with infectious diseases... Even banal viral infection, especially with a high temperature, can negatively affect the development of the embryo in early pregnancy.
If you are suffering from medical conditions reproductive system, be sure to visit a doctor before a planned pregnancy: you may need to undergo an ultrasound scan or other studies.
Pay attention the right regimen of the day: now we must not forget about daily charging, hiking... And such types physical activity like yoga, swimming, you can start now - and continue throughout your pregnancy. Good physical form greatly facilitates the well-being of the expectant mother and helps to transfer childbirth better.

Useful video

What can a woman feel in 1 week of pregnancy from conception?

The first week of pregnancy about conception is the period when fertilization has already occurred, the embryo moves along the fallopian tube and is implanted. During this period, a restructuring of the mother's body occurs, allowing the baby to be carried. In the early stages, a woman may experience malaise, nausea in the morning, weakness, cravings for unusual foods, and sometimes dizziness. Already at this time, frequent urination is possible, associated with an increase in the blood supply to the pelvic organs. If a woman had intestinal problems before pregnancy, constipation and flatulence may worsen. This is due to changes in hormone levels, as a result of which intestinal contractility decreases. Painful sensations in the lower abdomen are also possible, which are associated with a contraction of the myometrium.

After a positive pregnancy test, I immediately went to the gynecologist, and the doctor gave me a gestational age of 4 weeks, and on an ultrasound scan they made a conclusion - a pregnancy period of 1-2 weeks. How is this possible?

It's quite normal. It is generally accepted to count the gestational age from the beginning of the last menstrual period. If you received positive test in the first days of the delay, then, probably, four weeks have passed since the beginning of menstruation. But in fact, pregnancy begins from the moment of fertilization, and this happens on the 14-18th day of the cycle. During the ultrasound, you were told the actual date (embryonic).

My husband and I are planning a pregnancy. There is not even a delay yet, but I feel an unusual weakness, slight nausea, but my stomach hurts like before menstruation. Could these be early signs of pregnancy?

Yes maybe. But the symptoms you described are nonspecific. To confirm pregnancy, do a test, but when purchasing a test system at a pharmacy, choose with the highest sensitivity, that is, the one that determines a low concentration of hCG. If the test is positive, the answer is obvious. If not, redo it after a few days, see your doctor.

I think that my pregnancy is 1 week, but I got sick with ARVI. Is it dangerous for the child?

A viral infection, especially a severe one with a high fever, can cause fetal abnormalities. Sometimes in such situations, doctors recommend a gentle termination of pregnancy. But in the overwhelming majority of cases, the pathology of the development of the embryo in the early stages leads to spontaneous abortion... If the disease is mild, no high temperature, there is no need to take medications that can cause fetal abnormalities - there is no cause for concern. In any case, consult a specialist.

The emergence of a new life is a universal mechanism that is perfectly regulated by the female body. Unfortunately, a woman's reproductive system is not able to convey the very first signs of pregnancy immediately after conception. Recognize given state is possible only by characteristic symptoms forming on different stages carrying a child. Some women show early signs of pregnancy, while others do not notice changes in their health.

How used to be a woman detects a pregnancy, the more time she will receive to undergo a specialized examination. It should be borne in mind that in the first days after conception, there can be no obvious signs of pregnancy.

The first symptoms that indicate pregnancy can be recognized by the following signs:

Lack of menstruation. Every woman knows about this symptom, it is considered the very first sign of pregnancy. When the egg is fertilized, the menstrual cycle is delayed, since the previously rejected endometrium is necessary for the fetus to full development... However, the first day of the delay cannot be considered as reliable sign, since the absence of menstruation is often caused by pathological changes in the organs of the reproductive system, stress, and hormonal disorders.
Enlargement and soreness of the mammary glands. Women's breasts are very sensitive to hormonal changes in organism. With the onset of pregnancy, there is a slight increase in breast volume, an increase in the sensitivity of the nipples, as well as their soreness. Often in the area of the halo, there is an increase in specific tubercles, which were previously barely felt.
Frequent urination. One of the early signs of pregnancy is an increase in the frequency of the urge to urinate. This symptom is formed against the background of increased production of hCG (chorionic gonadotropin). The urge to urinate can be disturbing even if the bladder is not full. This is observed mainly at night. Additionally, there is a delay in menstruation.
Change in taste preferences. The increasing level of hormones causes a change taste preferences... Those food combinations that were previously unacceptable for a woman become objects of preference and vice versa. Also, a woman can taste metal in her mouth.
Fatigue and sleepiness. These signs most often occur during the first bearing of the fetus. Strengthening the intensity of metabolic processes in the body, provokes a feeling of fatigue, drowsiness and a desire to rest. The hormone progesterone produced has a relaxing, calming effect. The feeling of fatigue haunts women throughout the day.
Nausea. The emergence this feature typical for 1.5 months of pregnancy. Sometimes the symptom occurs on the twentieth day after conception. Some women feel nauseous earlier. This symptom cannot be called one of the reliable ones, since the feeling of nausea is characteristic of diseases. digestive system, cardiovascular and central nervous. Only in combination with other signs, nausea indicates the development of pregnancy.

When can you expect the first manifestations

In this matter, it is necessary to take into account the individuality of the body of each woman. Early pregnancy symptoms can be observed as early as 8-10 days after fertilization of the egg. This period can vary, depending on the body's sensitivity to hormonal changes.

In medical practice, there have been cases when women recognized fertilization as early as day 5.

In this context, we are talking about women who carefully listen to their body and feel the slightest fluctuations in their state. On the 20th day of the cycle, signs of pregnancy take on a characteristic appearance.

Minor signs

Less likely signs of pregnancy include many symptoms that can be observed already in the early days:

Increased basal temperature. When a woman regularly monitors her menstrual cycle, she may experience an increase in basal temperature indicators up to 37 ° C. The change in this indicator is facilitated by high level progesterone.
Feeling of heaviness in the pelvic region. In the case of conception, changes occur in the blood supply to the pelvic organs. Against this background, a woman may feel a feeling of heaviness and squeezing.
Insomnia. The feeling of fatigue is often replaced by increased nervous irritability and insomnia.
Lower abdominal pain. This symptom can manifest itself with the formation of an ectopic implantation or miscarriage. If the onset of pregnancy is spontaneously interrupted, then, in combination with, bleeding from the vagina appears.
Back pain. With the onset of conception, a pulling can be felt. In addition, this symptom may indicate kidney disease.
Headache. The change in hormonal levels is accompanied by neurological symptoms. A woman in a position may have a spontaneous headache.
Increased appetite. Acceleration of metabolic processes against the background of pregnancy becomes the cause of increased appetite.
Enhanced sense of smell and taste. If earlier a woman did not pay attention to some smells, then from the moment of pregnancy she may be disgusted with them. The same goes for the flavor profile of some foods.
Irritability, mood swings. Many pregnant women complain of emotional lability and sharp drops mood.
Implantation bleeding. One of the signs of pregnancy at 1 week, which indicates the implantation of a fertilized egg into the uterine wall.
Digestive disorders. As minor signs of pregnancy, vomiting, constipation or diarrhea, belching may appear.
Weight change. When the pregnant body seeks to provide developing fetus necessary nutrients, a woman may notice an increase in body weight.
Restless sleep. Hormonal changes have an effect on emotional background women. Expectant mothers may have difficulty falling asleep.
Tingling sensation in the uterus. This symptom occurs quite rarely, since not every woman can recognize it. Local changes in the uterine cavity can provoke a tingling sensation.
Feeling hot and chilly. This symptom has nothing to do with a violation of the body's thermoregulation. Such reactions occur against the background of hormonal imbalance.
Discomfort while sitting. This symptom is due to increased blood supply in the small pelvis.
Swelling of the face, arms and legs. Pregnancy is characterized by fluid retention in the body.
Acne. If a woman has not previously experienced skin problems, then during pregnancy it may appear acne in the face area. This happens due to changes in hormonal levels.
Bloating. The increase in hormone levels helps to relax the intestinal muscles. The result is flatulence.
Strengthening the venous pattern on the chest. From the moment the egg is fertilized, the female body begins to prepare for feeding the baby. The characteristic venous pattern indicates the preparation of the mammary glands for lactation.
Darkening of the skin around the nipples. Another symptom of preparation for lactation.
Redness of the skin of the face. The change in hormonal levels affects the tone of the capillaries, which become prone to expansion.
Change in pigmentation of the white line of the abdomen. In pregnant women, there is a characteristic pigment “pathway” that runs from the navel to top edge pubic bone.
Exacerbation of hemorrhoids. If a woman suffered before pregnancy, then with its onset, an exacerbation of the disease may occur.
Calf muscle cramps. Another minor sign indicating a change in metabolism.
Low or high blood pressure. Most often, expectant mothers are prone to raising. blood pressure however, a decrease in this parameter may also indicate pregnancy.
Reduced immunity. In order for the pregnancy to proceed without features, the suppression of immunity occurs in the female body. Frequent cases colds and SARS can also serve as pregnancy symptoms.
Thrush. Such fungal disease occurs with a decrease in local immunity.

Early pregnancy diagnosis

Specialized diagnostic methods will reliably determine the signs of pregnancy on the 5th day of gestation.

Pregnancy test

Rapid tests do not always detect pregnancy immediately after conception. This is due to the fact that the level of chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) increases gradually and remains normal in the early stages. Reliable result a pregnancy test can only be obtained from the 14th day after conception.

The best pregnancy test: a review of foreign and domestic tests

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Gynecological examination

As a result gynecological examination can be determined probable signs pregnancy. These include:

an increase in the size of the uterus and a change in its consistency;
discoloration of the external genital organs;
softening of the isthmus of the uterus;
increased uterine mobility;
displacement of the uterus.

These five landmarks indicate egg implantation.

For any woman, pregnancy is important event... Some have been waiting for this happy moment for years and listen to any changes in their body in the hope of giving birth to a long-awaited baby, others are afraid to learn this news because of insecurity in their partner, accidental unprotected contacts, etc. Life situations may be different, but one point unites everyone: it is important for every woman to catch the first signs of pregnancy as soon as possible and understand what has come interesting position.

The first symptoms of pregnancy, which appear before menstruation is delayed, are called subjective. The pregnancy itself after conception occurs within 7-10 days, so much time is needed to move the fertilized egg to the uterus.

From the moment the ovum is fixed, it begins to be observed various changes in the body, signs appear that may indicate the likelihood of an interesting situation.

A single manifestation of one of the earliest signs of pregnancy does not give confidence in conception, but if a combination of two or more symptoms is observed, then it is already possible to tune in to expecting a baby.

Sleep disturbance

Per recent times more and more doctors are inclined to consider sleep disturbance as one of the signs of pregnancy. Insomnia occurs in every second woman waiting for replenishment in the family, and is usually associated with hormonal changes in the body. Psychological and pathological causes such a state.

Nausea

One of the earliest, most basic and most common symptoms is nausea. Aversion to food can occur only in the morning or throughout the day, it can alternate with a desire to eat something unusual or not eat at all.

Often, nausea is accompanied by vomiting, in this case, a woman must make up for the loss of fluid and drink more clean water.

If nausea manifests itself more than 20 times a day, it is advisable to seek medical help, it may be necessary to further monitor the state of health in the hospital.

Soreness in the lower abdomen

A few days after fertilization, some women may complain of pulling pains in the lower abdomen, which disappear without a trace after 2-3 days. Sometimes pain may be accompanied by scanty bloody discharge, the duration of which is not more than 2 days. Such signs indicate the adaptation of the organism to the presence of the embryo.

Soreness in the lower back

On the occurrence of periodic pulling pains in the lumbar region, women who are preparing for childbirth for the first time usually complain. The soreness is explained by the increase in the size of the uterus to accommodate the growing embryo and is observed throughout pregnancy.

Migraine

The largest number of migraine complaints occurs in the first trimester of pregnancy, and this is due to an increase in blood volume and a sharp change in hormonal levels. An attack can start suddenly from any stimulus or stress.

Change in appetite

Often, the appearance and course of pregnancy is accompanied by a radical change in taste preferences. Once familiar food suddenly seems completely unsuitable and even disgusting, and products that have never previously been consumed in an ordinary diet are becoming more in demand.

Some people from the first days of pregnancy may experience constant feeling hunger.

Emotionality, irritability

Hormonal changes in a woman against the background of other signs of pregnancy, of course, affect emotional sphere: continuous mood swings, anxiety, rage, irritability - all this is most clearly manifested in the first days and months of pregnancy.

These conditions are natural and temporary.

Sensitivity to odors

Almost all women pay attention to an increase in sensitivity to odors on early stages pregnancy. It is believed that it is this factor that causes nausea and vomiting. The perception of smells in everyone develops and proceeds in different ways: some react sharply to the aromas of perfumes, others - to products.

Change in sex drive

Hormonal changes in the body with the onset of pregnancy can both increase sexual attraction, and be the reason for the refusal of intimacy.

In the second case, it can be triggered by the presence additional features pregnancy such as nausea, insomnia, fatigue.

Other signs of pregnancy

These include an increase in breast sensitivity, fever and chills, which change several times a day. In rare cases, it may appear allergic reaction that didn't exist before.

External symptoms and signs

Swelling of the face and limbs

There should be no swelling in the first months. If, nevertheless, this phenomenon begins to appear before a period of 20 weeks, then this often indicates kidney disease or of cardio-vascular system, which has led to the development of pregnancy.

In any case, if such signs occur, a doctor's consultation is required.

There is a belief that if a girl has acne during pregnancy, this is a sure sign of a girl's appearance, and if the skin remains clean, we are waiting for a boy. Believe it or not, it's up to you to decide.

One thing can be stated with obvious certainty: the appearance of acne on the face is one of the first signs of pregnancy, and it is associated with active changes in the hormonal background of the expectant mother.

Bloating

Flatulence, or bloating, is another sign of pregnancy and can appear 7-14 days after conception. But this sign of a woman is rarely called, it begins to manifest itself especially brightly later - with the development of the fetus and deterioration of the bowel function.

Breast augmentation

From the first weeks, women may notice breast enlargement, complain of pain or tingling in the mammary glands. This is easily explained by the proliferation of glandular tissue in the breast and milk ducts, which is caused by an increase in estrogen and progesterone.

Often this physical sign women pay attention earlier than others.

Darkening of the skin around the nipples

Along with breast augmentation, there may be a change in the color of the nipples, areola, the appearance of bumps around the nipples (Montgomery glands). The nipples themselves can be sensitive to touch, women can feel pain and burning.

Redness of the face

As a result of intense blood circulation, a blush may appear on the face, more often it can be observed in the evening.

Other external signs

Additional signs of the emergence of a new life may be an increase in the venous pattern on the chest, in the lower abdomen, a change in the color of the conditional line going down from the center of the navel is possible - it becomes pigmented and gradually darkens.

Physiological and laboratory changes

In addition to subjective symptoms, the presence or absence of pregnancy will help determine physiological signs and laboratory research.

The main sign by which a woman most often determines that she is pregnant is a delay in menstruation. A slight delay does not indicate the presence of a situation, but if previously hormonal disorders were not observed and in the recent past there were no psychoemotional disorders, then, together with other signs, this can confirm the presence of a fetus.

Increased basal temperature

If in certain time menstruation does not occur, it makes sense to measure the internal (or basal) body temperature when the thermometer is inserted into the rectum for 5 minutes.

In this case, it is necessary to strictly follow the rules, if not observed, you can get incorrect results.

It is necessary to carry out the procedure in the morning, without getting out of bed, to keep as still as possible.
To obtain accurate data on the state of the body, the temperature is measured over several days at the same time.

If the body temperature exceeds 37 degrees, it is worth contacting a gynecologist. The likelihood of pregnancy is high.

With the onset of pregnancy, a special hormone begins to be produced in the female body - chorionic gonadotropin human, formed by the tissues of the fetus. This hormone preserves the fetus and affects the course of pregnancy.

Chorionic gonadotropin begins to form by the cells of the embryo 7-10 days after fertilization of the egg at the time of the attachment of the embryo to the uterine wall. One of the objective signs of pregnancy is precisely the increase in chorionic gonadotropin, which can be determined in the blood already on the 6-8th day from the intended conception.

The presence of hCG in the blood over 25 mU / ml indicates the presence of pregnancy, if this indicator is slightly lower, it is needed reanalysis... It is possible to speak unequivocally about the absence of a fetus at rates less than 5 mU / ml. Increase hCG indicators lasts up to 12 weeks of pregnancy, then gradually decreases.

HCG analysis is the most accurate method definition of pregnancy, timing and possible pathologies... To obtain correct analysis results, it is important to observe several rules: it is better to carry out the analysis on the 3-5th day after a delay in menstruation or on the 12-14th day after the approximate date of conception; it is advisable not to eat 4-6 hours before the analysis.

Symptoms of conception by children of different sex

More or less reliable data on the sex of the child can be obtained using medical methods.

Ultrasound - planned examination, which is carried out no more than 3 times in 9 months of pregnancy (100% accuracy of the result).
Amiocentesis - the analysis is associated with a piercing fetal bladder, appoint in case of fear of occurrence genetic disease, can have unpleasant consequences for mom and baby (only for determining the sex of the child is not used).
DNA test. Surprisingly, but with the help of a DNA test, it is possible to determine the sex of the child from the mother's blood starting from the 40th day of pregnancy (100% certainty).
Gender test. The sex of the child is determined in the same way as the determination of pregnancy occurs - using a test at home. It turns out that the sex hormones of the unborn baby are present in the urine of a pregnant woman. When urine is combined with a reagent, if the strip turns out to be green, we are waiting for a boy, and orange - for a girl (data accuracy - 90%).

In addition to the above methods for determining the sex of a child, for centuries people have tried to guess the sex of the unborn child on their own, invented signs that have been passed down from generation to generation. Some of them have survived to this day and are still used in sex determination.

The earliest signs of pregnancy in a boy

It is possible to expect a boy by the following signs:

if a woman has a sharp belly, the waist is preserved behind;
the child kicks violently and often in the belly;
constant desire to eat salty;
swelling of the legs;
clean, smooth skin faces;
the first months of pregnancy are easy.

The first signs of pregnancy by a girl in the early stages

The following signs are relevant:

deterioration in appearance, problems with the skin of the face;
if the abdomen is encircling, there is no waist from the back;
darkening of the areola of the nipples;
the first months of pregnancy are difficult.

Conclusion

You can listen to subjective reasons pregnancy and assume its presence, but only physiological changes and medical tests... If you notice the first symptoms of pregnancy, contact a specialist right away.

Do you know the first symptoms of pregnancy?
The following will outline twenty-five symptoms. pregnancy... According to the degree of reliability, all symptoms are divided into three groups: possible (finding these symptoms indicates the likelihood of pregnancy), likely e ( which point to high degree the likelihood of pregnancy), and accurate (the presence of these symptoms makes it impossible to doubt).

Possible pregnancy symptoms

Not the onset of menstruation
In case of delayed menstruation, the first reason is always pregnancy. The concept " delay»Can be used when, in a usually constant cycle, bleeding does not occur within the usual period of time.
But such a symptom can speak not only of pregnancy. A delay in menstruation can occur due to:

Stressful state
Physical overvoltage ( preparation for sports competitions)
Ailments
A sharp violation of the schedule of life ( change of work schedule from day to shift)
Use certain types drugs ( primarily steroid)
Depletion
Calculation errors
Age suitable for menopause

Abnormal menstruation
Any change in the usual menstrual cycle: too short, too long, bleeding came too late, or vice versa, as well as a change in the nature of bleeding: more abundant or more scarce.
It must be said that such violations are typical for a number of diseases of the reproductive system, in this regard, the appearance of such symptoms is a reason for consulting a gynecologist.

Unusual sensations
In the early days of pregnancy, many women experience mild pain or uterine cramps. These pains are similar to those during menstruation.

Vomiting and nausea
These signs are very common during pregnancy. True, such signs are usually found starting from the sixth week of gestation. But sometimes they appear earlier. In such cases, they speak of early gestosis.
The same symptoms can appear with other ailments, for example, organ diseases. digestive tract (enterocolitis, stomach or intestinal ulcer, gastritis, enteritis). But with such ailments, vomiting and nausea are usually combined with other signs of digestive disorders that are not observed during pregnancy.

Change in sex drive
Sex drive changes due to the fact that in the body during pregnancy the most different processes... Libido can either disappear altogether or become more pronounced. Changes in the physical plane include an increase in the sensitivity of the mammary glands, which sometimes even causes disgust when touching the nipples ( and sometimes vice versa), urge to vomit, increased blood circulation in the genital area. The processes of change affect both the psyche and the work of the nervous system of a woman, they are influenced by pregnancy hormones.

Breast tenderness
The gestation period is preparatory for breastfeeding. Therefore, a number of processes take place in the mammary glands:

Increased sensitivity to the point of soreness
Discoloration and swelling of nipples and areola
Breast growth
When you click on the areola, a drop of colostrum appears.

Similar processes are typical for ailments of the endocrine system ( increased production of the hormone prolactin)

Breast growth
Despite the fact that this symptom is not considered indispensable, it is observed in most women. If pregnancy has come, then the mammary glands enlarge in exactly the same way.
If only one gland increases, or some part of it swells, this indicates the presence of diseases.

Frequent urge to urinate
This symptom often pesters women from the smallest terms of gestation. At the same time, very little urine is released. A similar symptom develops because the uterus increases in volume, and the bladder has less and less space, so less urine can collect in it.
A similar symptom is typical for ailments of the urinary system, such as urethritis or cystitis ( with these diseases, the desire to urinate is usually combined with an increase in body temperature, a burning sensation during urination, and pain in the groin). Also, a similar symptom can be observed with ailments of the endocrine system ( diabetes mellitus, in which the patient is thirsty all the time and excretes a lot of urine).

Perversions of taste
The overwhelming majority of people believe that during the period of gestation, all women without exception eat pickles and ice cream. In fact, changes in taste can affect completely different food groups. According to scientists, sixty-five percent of women during gestation experience rather strange taste changes... Some even crave chalk, raw meat, earth, or green fruits.
Usually, such perversions of taste do not pose a threat to health, but sometimes women suffer from a craving for completely inedible objects and substances, such as starch or lime.
Taste perversions can be observed with a lack of any trace elements in the body, for example, iron. V similar case this violation is combined with fragility nail plates, hair, dizziness, weakness, pallor of the face.

Fatigue
In the body of a pregnant woman, a lot of serious processes are carried out, which at first may not manifest themselves at all. In this regard, the body needs new energetic resources... Therefore, during gestation, women quickly get tired and sleep a lot.
This phenomenon cannot be used to determine pregnancy, because lethargy or a decrease in stamina are observed with a huge number of ailments, as well as caused by non-observance of hygiene at work and rest.

Montgomery tubercles
Montgomery tubercles- these are medium-sized growths ( type of small warts) formed on areola... Such growths are completely safe for a woman's body, while they often talk about the onset of pregnancy.

Skin changes
Due to what happens in the body a large number of varied processes, the skin also undergoes changes. So it may appear:

Chloasma or mask pregnant - the appearance of age spots on the forehead, cheeks and nose. Do not be alarmed, because after the birth of the baby, all the spots will eventually disappear by themselves.
Dark strip from the navel to the pubis ... This streak may become visible after the twelfth week of gestation.
Acne . This feature is not typical for everyone. There are women whose skin, on the contrary, becomes clean and well-groomed during the period of gestation. But sometimes because of the hard work sebaceous glands acne is formed.
Vascular spiders are formed on the legs, neck, arms, chest, cheeks. They are formed as a result of an increase in the amount of female sex hormones in the body. They look like small spiders and are dark red or bluish in color.
Stretch marks- are most often observed starting from the twenty-second week of gestation. The intensity of their formation depends on the amount of gained kilograms, genetic predisposition, nutritional system.
The appearance of red spots on the palms - erythema. It is caused by all the same estrogens.
Other types of changes: increased growth nails or hair, changes in their quality, increased work of sweat glands.

Stretch marks
Stretch marks are the result of destruction of the connective tissue of the skin. These are completely painless phenomena that only in rare cases cause a slight burning sensation. During the period of gestation, as well as after the birth of a baby, stretch marks are observed in sixty to ninety percent of women. The usual place of their formation is the lower abdomen and thighs, but they are sometimes observed on the chest, as well as on upper parts hands.
The number and intensity of stretch marks depend on parameters such as:

Genetic predisposition - in the event that most women in the family have stretch marks, then there is practically no chance of avoiding them.
The pace and intensity of weight gain ... If you put on too many pounds or in too short a period, then the likelihood of stretch marks increases.
Pregnancy with twins or triplets are also a predisposing factor to the formation of stretch marks.
Nutrition specifics ... If the menu is balanced enough, there is a lot of liquid in it, then the skin will be more elastic, which means there will be less stretch marks and they will be less intense.

Growth in the volume of the uterus
Over time, the fetus increases, which entails an increase in the volume of the uterus, and, consequently, the size of the abdomen.
An increase in the size of the uterus and abdomen is also characteristic of uterine neoplasms.
There are also such diseases that only entail an increase in the volume of the abdomen, while the uterus remains of the usual size. This is ascites obesity or hyperplasia internal organs.

Wiggle
During the first pregnancy, movements are detected at about the twentieth week of gestation. And mothers with experience feel the movements already at the sixteenth - eighteenth week.
It must be said that, as a sign of pregnancy, movements are detected earlier than movements of the anterior abdominal wall, which is considered one of the accurate signs.

Colostrum appearance
Colostrum is a newborn baby's first meal. Colostrum contains everything your baby needs nutrients... Most often in last weeks gestation, a clear liquid appears from the mammary glands, this is the secretion of colostrum.

Likely pregnancy symptoms

Growth in the size of the abdomen
The expectant mother, who already has experience in childbirth, discovers an increase in the size of the abdomen already at the ninth week. But usually this sign appears after the twelfth or even the sixteenth week of gestation and later. From the twelfth week onwards, the uterus can be found on palpation.

The uterus changes
The shape of the uterus also changes. But a similar symptom is found exclusively at the consultation of an obstetrician or during an ultrasound examination.

Braxton Hicks contractions or training contractions
Braxton Hicks contractions are short-lived and not at all causing pain phenomena that are observed at intervals of ten to twenty minutes and in some cases are observed after the first three months of gestation. Such phenomena are also called training fights. Not all expectant mothers have such manifestations, and it is believed that they are more pronounced during the second and further pregnancies. In a number of women, such contractions are manifested in the form of tension in the lower abdomen. These contractions are much weaker, shorter than labor contractions, and the intervals between them are not the same. When a woman takes horizontal position, the contractions stop. In the event that, for a period not reaching thirty-seven weeks, similar phenomena there are often, repetitions of them every ten minutes, this indicates the need to visit a doctor, as it may indicate early birth.
The table details the differences between birth pains from Braxton Hicks abbreviations

If you find one of the above symptoms or several, you should urgently go to the doctor so that the doctor can identify the cause of their occurrence.
The definition of pregnancy should be carried out in as soon as possible- this must be done to prevent complications of pregnancy.

Rapid pregnancy test results
A rapid test, which can be bought at any pharmacy, gives objective results five or more days after the first day of the expected menstruation. However, such tests often give erroneous readings ( more often erroneous negative readings). This happens due to the fact that the test reacts to the amount of the hormone chorionic gonadotropin in the woman's urine. The level of this hormone increases slowly in the first months as pregnancy progresses. In the case when you need to know about the offensive ( or not getting pregnant) earlier than five days of delay, you can do a test in a laboratory, it has more objective results.
An increase in the amount of chorionic gonadotropin in the urine also occurs with certain neoplasms of the uterus.

Accurate pregnancy symptoms

Fetal palpation
On palpation of the abdomen for more later dates, you can feel the developing baby. Doctors thus check how the fetus is located before giving birth.

Fetal heartbeat detection
From the twentieth week of pregnancy, a special stethoscope can be heard through the front abdominal wall fetal heartbeat. And an electronic stethoscope makes it possible to detect heartbeats as early as the tenth week. Indicators from one hundred twenty to one hundred and sixty cuts per minute are considered normal.

Diagnosis of pregnancy using ultrasound
It is desirable to carry out a similar study from the seventh to the twelfth week. But this method can show the presence of pregnancy from the second week.

Pregnancy detection using X-ray
X-rays are never used to diagnose pregnancy because the mother and developing embryo receive a dose of harmful radiation. But sometimes pregnancy is detected with an x-ray of internal organs. Then the picture shows the skeleton of the fetus.

Early pregnancy signs

For many women early diagnosis pregnancy is critical. But it is not so easy to establish pregnancy in the first 1-2 weeks, many of its signs are not specific and are present in other conditions or diseases.

A woman's subjective feelings are often deceptive and vague, so the final conclusion about pregnancy or its absence is made on the basis of a doctor's examination and after medical research.

Pregnancy does not start immediately after the egg and sperm are combined. First, the egg must travel along fallopian tubes and get into the womb.

There, her task is to successfully attach to the wall for continued growth and formation of the placenta. But this may not happen after different reasons- the cell may die during movement or the endometrium in the uterus will not be ready to accept fetal egg.

On average, the period for the cell to move from the ovary to the uterus is from 1 week to 10 days. This means that you cannot expect signs of pregnancy within the very first week after the intended fertilization. There simply cannot be such signs.

The earliest symptoms of pregnancy can be roughly divided into those that usually occur even before the delay in menstruation, and those that appear after the delay.

Basal temperature readings.

For her correct measurement some skill is required, otherwise the results will be incorrect and this will lead to erroneous conclusions about the presence or absence of pregnancy.

In addition, an increase in basal temperature after ovulation may indicate only nervous overexcitation or a cold.

If the measurements are carried out correctly, then the conserved elevated temperature in the postovulatory period, it can confidently indicate the onset of pregnancy.

Pain in the lower abdomen.

They are caused by the fact that the fertilized egg, having entered the uterus, tries to attach to its wall. This process is accompanied by unpleasant sensations... During the same period, there may be slight bleeding.

But pain of different intensities are also present in pregnant women and possible miscarriage, and before the start of the cycle.

Too much strong pain, especially with an increase in overall body temperature, maybe. This is a life-threatening condition.

If in doubt, see your doctor.

Unusual sensations in the mammary glands.

Feeling of engorgement or soreness early in the cycle is common in women of childbearing age and speaks of the usual cyclical processes occurring in the glands, and not about the conception that has occurred.

Symptoms such as darkened halos and blue veins protruding through the skin of the breast are common during pregnancy. The sensitivity of the nipples increases.

Some women note that the glands are very sore, which makes it impossible to even touch them. After about a month, this soreness disappears.

Changeable mood.

This is how an increased estrogen content in the body can manifest itself. This hormone affects mental condition, increases irritability and nervousness.

A woman may not be able to completely control herself, even if she realizes that her behavior does not correspond to the situation.

Constipation or diarrhea.

The increased content of hormones in the body relaxes the intestines, preparing the place for the future fetus. The intestines begin to work worse.

More often this is expressed in the weakening of motor skills, which leads to constipation and bloating.

Strengthening the sense of smell.

Under the influence of hormones, many odors become unpleasant and cause nausea. This is especially true for food odors. Most women face this problem from the very first days of pregnancy.

In addition, the nasal mucosa becomes looser and swollen, it feels like a stuffy nose.

Change in taste habits.

Started hormonal changes leads to the fact that ordinary food can seem bland and tasteless. Hence the common expression that pregnant women are drawn to salty foods.

Lack of regular menstruation.

It is on the delay in the onset of menstruation that pay attention in the first place.

But it must be borne in mind that a few days of delay cannot yet reliably speak of the onset of pregnancy, since the cycle can go astray for various reasons - nervous experiences, illness, etc.

Allocations.

In some cases, a change in the nature and amount of discharge may be sure sign the onset of pregnancy. We are talking about the usual discharge (cervical mucus), characteristic of ovulation, and not about bloody discharge.

During ovulation, the mucus becomes thicker than usual and then becomes more fluid again. If pregnancy has occurred, the discharge remains thick and after the ovulation period, it can become quite abundant.

You can try to figure out the nature of the discharge yourself. To do this, you need to squeeze easily a small amount of mucus big and forefinger and then spread them apart. If the mucus lasts, pregnancy is possible.

Positive pregnancy test.

If both stripes are clearly visible, then errors are practically excluded here. All other signs are not so reliable and important.

You need to know that the test will be positive even with an ectopic or frozen pregnancy, as well as the first time after a miscarriage.

Medical examination.

With a vaginal examination, you can confidently establish the presence of pregnancy. for a period of 5 weeks... The inspection results are also among the most reliable data.

Earlier this date, conclusions may be inaccurate.

Ultrasound procedure.

This method allows you to see the implanted egg almost immediately after implantation. Such a study is usually used in cases where there is a suspicion of a frozen or ectopic pregnancy.

As a rule, ultrasound is not used to confirm early pregnancy signs.

These symptoms and conditions can be either signs of pregnancy, or mean absolutely nothing or become symptoms of a disease.

Before drawing conclusions about something, it is necessary to take into account other signs that always accompany the onset of pregnancy.

Possible signs of pregnancy include:

delayed menstruation;
dizziness and weakness;
increased fatigue and drowsiness;
nausea;
changeable mood;
increased urination;
constipation or diarrhea;
increased sensitivity of the breast and changes in its size;
change in the nature of the discharge.

Signs of early pregnancy

After the successful implantation of an egg into the endometrium of the uterus, the body begins to produce a hormone called chorionic gonadotropin (hCG).

It is designed to keep and keep you active corpus luteum that produces progesterone, which is necessary to maintain pregnancy.

In addition, there is a theory that early term hCG protects the embryo from being destroyed by the immune cells of the mother's body. The immune system mothers can perceive the nascent organism as an alien formation. The normal content of gonadotropin does not allow this.

Therefore, the most main feature early pregnancy - the presence of chorionic gonadotropin.

Its presence in the body can be determined by a blood test or pregnancy test, which can be purchased freely at the pharmacy.

In order for the test to show the correct result, it must be carried out correctly. Testing is done in the morning, when the concentration of hCG is at its maximum. For test strip only freshly collected urine is used.

Inkjet test more convenient to use, as there is no need to collect urine.

This type of test is more sensitive and is able to detect pregnancy a few days before the expected start of the cycle, while a regular test strip gives a result only after a delay.

If too early any test can show negative results.

All female organisms are so different that signs of pregnancy can always manifest themselves in different ways, from almost complete absence unpleasant symptoms until they are complete.