Author's seminar on creating a cartoon in dhow. Creation of cartoons with preschool children in order to form children's cognitive interest

17.05.2019

The formation of a new education system focused on entering the world space requires significant changes in the pedagogical theory and practice of preschool institutions, intensifies the search for new, more effective psychological and pedagogical approaches to the process of organizing preschool education and training.

The implementation of the Success program at the preschool educational institution is aimed at the introduction of modern educational technologies. The age-related interests of children are associated with cartoons and the insufficient use of ICT tools in the practice of working with children, made it possible to identify the problem, which consists in finding the development of the creative abilities of older preschool children through the creation of cartoons in preschool educational institutions.

One of the important means of developing the creative abilities of children is the use of creative tasks in the educational process, which can transform traditional activities by rationalizing children's interest, optimizing the processes of understanding and memorizing material in the main areas of preschool education, and most importantly, raising the interest of children in independent learning to a higher level. educational activities.

Creating a cartoon with preschool children is a modern type of design technology, very attractive for children.

Animation, animation- a kind of cinematography, the works of which are created by the method of time-lapse shooting of the successive phases of movement of drawn (graphic or hand-drawn animation) or volumetric (volumetric or puppet animation) objects. Animators are engaged in the art of animation. The cartoonist comes up with cartoon characters, sketches the main scenes, works out the facial expressions and gestures of the characters, looks for interesting techniques that make it possible to distinguish the film from the crowd of others. He is engaged in storyboarding and coloring of the future film, animation of characters (working on their movements, drawing intermediate phases). Usually several specialists work on a cartoon, and each of them does his part of the work.

Cartoons(the end product of animation) are created by either time-lapse shooting of step-by-step manually moving stationary objects, or by drawing (on celluloid, paper or in a computer) the phases of object movements, with their further combination into a single video sequence.

The main pedagogical value of animation as a form of contemporary art lies, first of all, in the possibility of complex developmental education of children. In addition, it is animation that helps to bring the interests of an adult and a child as close as possible, differing in the accessibility and originality of the genre. It can help make learning a pleasure for preschoolers. The positive impact of animation can be an excellent educational tool for the liberation of thinking, the development of the child's creative potential.

The process of creating a cartoon is a creatively interesting and exciting activity for any child, since he becomes not only the main artist and sculptor of this work, but also voices it himself, forever preserving the result for himself in the form of a finished video product. You can create a cartoon with both children of primary preschool age and older preschoolers. It all depends on the involvement of children in the process of creating a cartoon. So, children 3-4 years old can, with the help of an adult, create decorations, draw or dazzle cartoon characters; during shooting - move the figures, they can voice it. Children of older preschool age can already act as an operator, screenwriter, director-animator (animator), artist, actor and composer.

Creating a cartoon is a multifaceted process that integrates various types of children's activities: speech, play, cognitive, visual, musical, etc. As a result, pupils develop such significant personal qualities as curiosity, activity, emotional responsiveness, the ability to control their behavior , possession of communication skills, etc.

Currently, cartoons are not given an important educational and developmental value. The organization of circles and the joint creation of animated films can have a positive impact on children and make an invaluable contribution to the educational system of the younger generation. This is an effective method, since such an activity will be remembered by children for a long time, will contribute to the development of fine motor skills, objective activity, creative, aesthetic and moral aspects of the personality.

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Territorial pedagogical conference of employees of preschool educational organizations

Improving the quality of preschool education through the organization of educational activities through the introduction and implementation of modern pedagogical technologies

Zabirova Valentina Igorevna,

teacher MADOU kindergarten 1,

Krasnoufimsk urban district

Technology for creating cartoons in a preschool educational institution

Creating a cartoon with preschool children is a modern type of design technology, very attractive for children.

Animation, animation- a kind of cinematography, the works of which are created by the method of time-lapse shooting of the successive phases of movement of drawn (graphic or hand-drawn animation) or volumetric (volumetric or puppet animation) objects. Animators are engaged in the art of animation. The cartoonist comes up with cartoon characters, sketches the main scenes, works out the facial expressions and gestures of the characters, looks for interesting techniques that make it possible to distinguish the film from the crowd of others. He is engaged in storyboarding and coloring of the future film, animation of characters (working on their movements, drawing intermediate phases). Usually several specialists work on a cartoon, and each of them does his part of the work.

Cartoons (the end product of animation) are created by either time-lapse shooting of step-by-step manually moving stationary objects, or by drawing (on celluloid, paper or in a computer) the phases of object movements, with their further combination into a single video sequence.

Animation in the educational process is a new universal multifaceted way of a child's development in the modern visual and information-rich world. [ Annex 1 ... Slide 1]

Animation is an artificial representation of movement in cinema, television or in computer graphics by displaying a sequence of pictures or frames with a frequency at which a holistic visual perception of images is provided.

Animation, unlike video, which uses continuous motion, uses many independent drawings.

The synonym for "animation" - "animation" - is very widespread in our country. Animation and animation are just different definitions of the same art form.

A more familiar term for us comes from the Latin word "multi" - a lot and corresponds to the traditional technology of reproduction of the picture, because in order for the hero to "come to life", you need to repeat his movement many times: from 10 to 30 drawn frames per second.

The world-wide professional definition of "animation" (translated from Latin "anima" - soul, "animation" - animation, animation) reflects all the modern technical and artistic possibilities of animated cinema as accurately as possible, because animation masters do not just bring their characters to life, but they put a piece of their soul into their creation. [Slide 2]

Historical reference

The history of animation is very rich, and its beginnings lie deep in antiquity. The desire to revive their drawings can be traced in the artifacts of the most ancient civilizations. Images of running athletes or hunters carrying prey, playing children, or priests worshiping a particular god are all images suggesting real action. [Slide 4]

Over time, people began to find more and more new ways to actually revive the drawn pictures, for which various devices were created, which, in fact, were the progenitors of cinematic installations and projectors.

In the 70s BC. - The Roman poet and philosopher Lucretius in his treatise "On the Nature of Things" described a device for flashing moving pictures on the screen.

In the X-XI centuries. - the first mentions of the Chinese shadow theater were found.

Since the 15th century, small notebooks began to appear on sale with a frame-by-frame image of the movement of a person or an animal, which came to life, one had only to turn over all these sheets at a certain speed. [Slide 5]

A little later, prototypes of modern projectors appeared - "magic lanterns", with the help of which frame-by-frame movements were displayed on the wall using a stream of light. In 1646 - the monk Athanasius Kirscher gave the first description of the device of the "magic lantern" designed by him. And from the 17th century onwards, itinerant theaters throughout Europe began to stage such performances. [Slide 6]

The principle of inertia of visual perception, which underlies animation, was first demonstrated in 1828 by the Frenchman Paul Roget. The object of the demonstration was a disc with an image of a bird on one side and a cage on the other. During the rotation of the disc, the audience created the illusion of a bird in a cage. [Slide 7]

One of the most significant events in the history of the formation of modern animation was the invention in 1832 of the phenakistiscope, based on the peculiarities of human vision. It was invented by a young Belgian professor, Joseph Plateau. Fenakistiscop - the name comes from the Greek word fenax - deceiver and osprey - to look.

It consists of two cardboard discs: the first with slots, the second with figures in different phases of movement. When rotated quickly, the figures appear to move. [Slide 8]

1832 - The same principle was used by the Viennese professor Simon von Stampefer in the basis of the stroboscope. "Stroboscope" was the name given to a cardboard drum mounted on an axle. On the inside of this drum was a series of drawings illustrating the successive phases of movement.

When looking through the cracks between the figures, the latter came to life. [Slide 9]

August 30, 1877 - Emile Reynaud patented the optical instrument praxinoscope, created on the basis of a zootrope and a phenakistiscope, preceded the technology of cinematography. [Slide 10]

The first real practical way to create animation came from the creation of a camera and a projector in 1888.

Already in 1906, the short film Humorous Phases of Funny Faces was created by Steward Blackton. The author made a drawing on the board, photographed, erased, and then painted again, photographed and erased.

In 1912, Vladislav Starevich's first puppet film "The Beautiful Lucanida, or the War of the Stag and Barbel" appeared in Russia. All roles in the film were played by dried insects - beetles, ants, dragonflies. [Slide 11]

We offer you to create toys with an optical effect with your own hands.

Master Class.

There are several ways to create a cartoon yourself without the use of technical means.

Method 1: The simplest one is probably known to everyone - to draw on the corner of each leaf in the notebook the phases of the figure's movement, and then quickly flip through the notebook. And the pictures come to life. To do this, you need to take a thick notebook or notebook and draw some kind of drawing on the first page. This can be, for example, a simple person who will move his arms up and down. On the first and last page, he has his hands at the bottom, approximately on the middle page at the top, and fill the rest of the pages with intermediate positions. When everything is ready, start a quick flip of the pages: the man waves his hands.

Another variant of moving pictures in a notebook can be created as follows: on one page of the notebook we draw a figure (for example, a dog with a lowered tail), on the second page we draw exactly the same figure in the same place, but with a change (for example, the same dog, only with tail up). Now we wind the top sheet of the notebook with the first picture on a pencil and roll it over the bottom picture back and forth like a rolling pin. As a result, the picture appears to be moving - the dog is wagging its tail.

Method 2: The same principle (a quick change of two drawings merging into one movement) is the basis for the effect of spinning toys. Take two identical pieces of cardboard. On one we draw one picture (for example, flowers), on the second - another (for example, a vase). We glue them together with the wrong sides, leaving a place in the center to insert a pencil. Now, if you quickly rotate the pencil between your palms, then both pictures merge into one - in our example we will get flowers in a vase.

Another option is to make the same pictures not on a pencil, but on two strings, which must first be twisted. And when the ropes are untwisted, for example, a bird in a cage is obtained.

The real revolution in the world of animation was made by Walt Disney (1901-1966), an American director, artist and producer. [Slide 12]

In our country, animation is directly related to the opening of Soyuzmultfilm, the largest film studio in the USSR, in 1936. Masterpieces of Soviet animation were created there: the cartoons “Plasticine Hedgehog”, “Just You Wait”, “Gena Crocodile” (1969), “ Hedgehog in the Fog "(1975) and others. [Slide 13]

Quiz.

We invite you to remember plasticine Soviet cartoons:

1981 - "Good night, kids!", "Plasticine crow";
1982 - "Santa Claus's New Year's Song";
1983 - “Last year's snow was falling”;
1984 - “And it was like that in this fairy tale”;
1990 - "The Gray Wolf and Little Red Riding Hood".

Let's remember puppet soviet cartoons:

1967 - "Mitten"
1969 - "Crocodile Gena"
1974 - "The Wizard of the Emerald City".
1976 - "38 Parrots"
1984 - "Kuzya Brownie";

We suggest playing games with visual illusions.

Determine if the horizontal lines are parallel? At first glance, all the lines appear to be curved, but in reality they are parallel. The illusion was discovered by R. Gregory at the Wall Cafe in Bristol. This is where its name comes from - the Wall of the Cafe. [Slide 15]

Count the number of black dots. The correct answer is 0. There are no black dots in the picture, all dots are white. Our peripheral vision perceives them as black. Because with peripheral vision, there is a shift in the picture, but when we look at the same point directly, the optical illusion disappears. [Slide 16]

Fix your gaze on a point and move your head back and forth. How do you feel? The wheels turn due to the peculiarities of peripheral vision. Critical motion information is the change in illumination (brightness) of a subject's details as captured by peripheral vision. Therefore, most illusions of movement are built on a regular repetition of fragments of different brightness or color. [Slide 17]

Determine what is drawn in the picture?

On the one hand, we see a young man on a horse, and on the other hand, this is an old man! This effect is created by a dual image. [Slide 18]

What do you see in the picture?

If the drawings are absolutely still, you have nothing to worry about, your mental health is in perfect order. Japanese psychology professor Akioshi Kitaoka believes that such a result is possible in a balanced, calm and rested person. If the drawings move slowly, you need rest, both physical and mental. [Slide 19]

Presentation of toys with optical effects.

The teachers got toys:
In notebooks: the bird flies, the boy runs.
On sheets with a spin: the bunny lowers its ears, the steamer is letting off steam.
Turntables: a boy in a cap, a girl in glasses, a fish in an aquarium, etc.

There are various classifications of animation types, here is one of them:

G raphic(hand-drawn) animation is a classic kind of animation, where objects are drawn by hand, and today also on a computer.

Volumetric animation - created thanks to characters - dolls, plasticine, sand or other material characters.

Computer animation - a type of animation in which objects are created using a computer. [Slide 21]

Now we are going to show you some techniques for creating a cartoon.

Cartoon - the drawing is created through a variety of drawings that convey the effect of the character's movement. [Slide 23]
Plasticine cartoon is created using figures sculpted from plasticine. [Slide 24]
Cartoon origami can be made by bringing paper-drawn characters to life. [Slide 25]
In the cartoon - applications, the heroes are figures made in the application technique. [Slide 26]
Another technology for creating a cartoon is sand animation, which requires special equipment.
Computer animation is a type of animation created using a computer. This type of animation is available for school children. [Slides 27, 28]

Computer animation is created using specialized and non-specialized systems. So, specialized systems include 3D and 2D animation, non-specialized programs include those that are inferior to the first arsenal of technical capabilities.

How to create a cartoon with children.

In the process of preliminary work with children, they conduct conversations about animation: they talk about its history, the professions of people participating in the creation of the cartoon, they watch cartoons made in various techniques. [Slide 30]

Camera;
Tripod;
Additional lighting (lamp);
Computer, programs for creating a cartoon;
Dictaphone, microphone;

Materials for creating the background of the characters, depending on the selected technology. [Slide 31]

After this work, we proceed to the very process of creating a cartoon.

1. Thinking over the idea - why, for what purpose the cartoon is created, in what technique, what we want to tell the viewer.
2. Drawing up a script.
3. Preparing the background and creating characters - depending on the animation technique that you and the children have chosen.
4. Shooting.
First, make 2-3 frames of an empty background. Then we should have characters. The character appears from the very border of the frame, moves approximately 1 cm.
Timing: Typically 4-6 frames per second
Accordingly, at a speed of 6 frames per second, 240 photos need to be taken for a minute of film.
After shooting 10-15 frames, we scroll through the frames in preview mode at a fast pace, approximately this is how the movement will look in your cartoon.
5. Recording audio on your existing technical device.
6. Installation of work is carried out in various programs that are convenient for the user.
Creation of titles. In the credits, you can not only indicate the names of the teachers and children - the creators of the film, but also include video or photo materials of the very process of creating the film. [Slides 32-37]

There are some secrets of success when creating a cartoon, here are some of them:

When shooting, the foreground is open, nothing obstructs the characters;
Static objects (background) are stationary in the frame; it is also not recommended to move the tripod;
You can change the position of the scenery - trees swayed, leaves fell from them, etc.;
Foreign objects (shadows, hands of animators) should not get into the frame, if this is not intended by the director's intention;
During the recording of sound in the "studio" there must be absolute silence;

You can use various audio effects (door creak, dog barking, car engine, etc.) [Slide 38]

The results of the work done to create the cartoon:

Disclosure of the creative potential of pupils;
Activation of the thought process and cognitive interest;
Development of aesthetic abilities;
Formation of ideas about the creation of a cartoon, the history of animation;

Formation of skills for working in a creative team with the distribution of roles and tasks. [Slide 39]

Master class on creating a cartoon using the transfer method

Literature

A. A. Gusakova"Cartoons in kindergarten" TC "Sphere", M. 2010
Anna Milborn I draw a cartoon - M .: Eksmo, 2006
Gary Goldman"Stages of production of a traditional cartoon."
Children's encyclopedia “What is. Who is "In 3v. Vol.2 - 3rd edition, revised and enlarged - M. Pedagogika - Press, 1992
I. Ivanov-Vano Drawn film - M .: Goskinoizdat, 1950
Internet resource wikipedia.org
Mark Simon “How to Create Your Own Cartoon. 2D Character Animation, NT Press, M. 2006

Anna Kolomytseva
The project in kindergarten "Cartoons with your own hands" for senior preschool children

We all know that kids love to watch cartoons on tv... V kindergarten watching cartoons used as a leisure filling.

Typically viewing cartoon films on television are very popular with preschoolers, occupy a certain place in their leisure time and have a significant impact on their upbringing and development, and performs a number of important functions in relation to children:

- Socio-compensatory: cartoons compensate and replenish what for some reason the child lacks to meet his needs (in communication, cognition, emotional manifestations, etc.)

Hedonistic. Hedonism (Greek hedone - pleasure)- "an ethical position that affirms pleasure as the highest good and a criterion for human behavior." Features of the television image, the unity of form and content cartoons performed at a high professional level receive a certain response from children and help them see and feel the beauty of life around them. Perception characters cartoons children joy and pleasure.

Educational. Perceiving cartoon, the child learns to analyze, compare, evaluate many phenomena and facts, that is, the child is educated, his feelings, character.

Heuristic (encouraging action)... Many cartoons stimulate the child's creative abilities, develop his imagination, fantasy, as if pushing to the emergence of a certain child's activity.

Having worked out a sufficient amount of literature, I, together with the children, have developed project for senior preschool age« DIY cartoons» , because animation is a multifaceted tool for the complex impact on the personality of the child.

Type of the project: mid-term (3 weeks) group joint childish-parental creative practice orientation project with a variable result.

Participants: pupils senior group"A", parents, educator.

The relevance of this the project: Due to the high sensitivity to visual images, due to the lack of life experience, due to the targeted influence of the creators cartoons children easily and firmly assimilate the model of behavior offered from the screen. It is regrettable to acknowledge the fact that these patterns are often destructive to the child. Undoubtedly there is an adult responsibility on which to depend « multration» children... But if early childhood you can control the quality cartoons watched by the child, then in the future we fail to completely protect the child from the influence of the media. Therefore, it becomes necessary to oppose the children to the flow of information, form them "Internal filter": aesthetic taste, visual culture, a sense of beauty. Before requiring a child to make an informed choice in favor of real works of art, it is necessary to teach him to understand the plot. cartoon, to distinguish between the pictorial means by which it is transmitted, to perceive the humor and beauty of the created images.

Hypothesis the project: We assume that when creating a collective cartoon in children there is not only the development of artistic abilities, fine motor skills of the hands, but also the liberation of thinking, the skills of communication with each other, with adults are being improved.

The main goal of work on project: formation of preschoolers view of animation from the standpoint of a creative person who has collective experience in creating cartoons in the context of the educational field "Artistic and aesthetic development" according to the Federal State Educational Standard.

Tasks the project:

Educational

Form u children basic understanding of secrets animations... Enrich vocabulary children... Promote the child's formation of a conscious attitude to choice and assessment of the quality of food consumed by him cartoons.

Developing

Develop cognitive activity children, broadening one's horizons in the implementation of this the project, as well as artistic and creative abilities and imaginative and artistic perception of the world older preschool children by means of cartoon;

Educational

Cultivate interest, attention and consistency in the creation process cartoon, education of a common culture, the ability to negotiate, distributing roles in joint play, education of collectivism and humanism.

The intended result:

1. Creation cartoons in different techniques of execution (plasticine animation, silhouette animation);

2. Creation of a creative exhibition of drawings "My favorite hero cartoon» (together with parents);

3. Improving communication skills.

Stages of work on project:

1. Preparatory

(selection of themes and performance techniques cartoon, the necessary equipment to work on project)

2. Motivational - informational

(creating motivation for teachers, accepting the task by children)

3. Practical and indicative

(Initial analysis of the problem, design and creation of scenery, animating characters, shooting cartoon)

4. Reflexive-generalized

(mounting cartoons teacher using Movie Maker. Show result the project at the parent meeting and in the group)

Let us dwell on each stage in more detail. The preparatory stage of this the project was the creation by the teacher of a variable form of planning organized activities children; selection of theme and technique of performance cartoon corresponding age of children;

Two creation techniques were chosen cartoon: planar (silhouette) animation and plasticine animation, which is one of the varieties of puppet animation, by topic "Seasons" and "A dinosaur in the world"... These topics were not chosen by chance. For example, on the topic "Seasons" children have certain ideas (what time of year is now, what will come after winter, characteristic differences from each other) and when creating a plot they will, first of all, rely on own knowledge... And the topic cartoon"A dinosaur in the world" will give scope to imagination and creativity, especially since last year with children, within project week in kindergarten, (slide5) carried out project"A dinosaur in the world", one of the results of this the project was the creation of a model for dinosaurs, with which children still willingly play. For shooting cartoons we need a tripod and a camera. When developing planning of organized activities children in the project presents the following educational areas: cognitive development, speech development, artistic and aesthetic development, social and personal, and physical development.

In organized educational activities for subject: "Secrets animations» , children learned how to create cartoons what they are, what they can be made of, how the characters come to life. Acquainted with the professions « multiplier» , "Animator", "Director" and etc.

At the beginning the project a conversation was held with the children "My favorite cartoon» , the purpose of which is to children to the problematic issues of this the project... During the conversation, the children talked about your favorite cartoons, the heroes of these cartoon... And when I asked the question, do you know how cartoons, many began to invent, compose, and most children answered"No"... Then I invited them to find out how cartoon... Also, in the conversation, another question was formulated from our project -“Can we create cartoon? "When working on project didactic games such as "Seasons", "Give me a word", "Cut pictures", their purpose was to clarify the ideas children on the topic of the project, as well as check the already acquired knowledge in organized educational activities. To develop creative imagination, children were given the task of guessing "Who is Cheburashka?"... (answers children"bear", "Monkey with big ears"). Target tasks: teach to follow the logic of the plot, convey the experiences of the characters, come up with an end cartoon... All this served as an immersion in the work of creating a scenario for future cartoons... During the project the guys have repeatedly rethought the actions of the heroes, what they will be, and also came up with various options for the development and ending of the plot. After watching a fairy tale "Snow Maiden", children were asked to stage what they saw, and then with the help of technology "Commented drawing" create a collective drawing of a fairy tale.

Children got acquainted with fiction on the topic the project, an exhibition of books written on the subject was created cartoons.

When creating the scenery, the children were involved in a role-playing game. "Small artists- multipliers» ... This helped them understand what decorators were doing when creating cartoons and create your own own scenery and heroes for our future cartoons... When working on the first cartoon the guys could only describe the character and the place of action in general terms. But in the future, when working to create the next cartoon they were able to independently determine what decorations they need, from what to make them.

Revitalizing characters. Due to the peculiarities of its age it is difficult for children to wait until everything is ready, they are happy to play with with their crafts.

Shooting cartoon carried out frame by frame on the camera. For this, the scenery and characters are displayed in the right way. Obtaining smooth and realistic movements requires a large number of frames, that is, it is necessary to capture everything, even the smallest changes in the position and poses of the characters. The children were also involved in the role-playing game. "We multipliers» , roles were assigned, all this contributed to the successful shooting cartoon... After all, shooting cartoon is the most time consuming, but at the same time, a fascinating process, when children rightfully feel real multipliers.

When working with parents within the project a checklist for viewing cartoons at home, as well as a small list cartoons that can not only entertain, but also teach. Children together with their parents organized an exhibition of drawings on the topic "My favorite hero cartoons»

The final stage. Mounting cartoons from photos that can be done in almost any video program. I used the Windows Movie Maker program, which is one of the standard programs of the windows operating system.

(showing cartoon slide 2 and slide 3)

Thus, during the project we worked only with the imposition of music on the video, but the dubbing of the characters by children is the prospect of our next the project

Project« DIY cartoon» - provided every child with the opportunity not only to gain knowledge, but also to develop creative abilities, to form communication skills.

Creating a cartoon in a preschool educational institution - step by step

Starodvorskikh Tatyana Pavlovna, teacher of MBDOU Kindergarten No. 20 of compensating type, Krasnouralsk.
Material description: I bring to your attention an article on the development of older preschool children through the organization of activities to create cartoons in a preschool environment. The article will be of interest to educators of preschool educational institutions, as well as teachers of additional education.
The problem of the development of children of senior preschool age is one of the most important problems of modern pedagogy. The main task of teachers is to support and stimulate their curiosity, cognitive and creative activity, to stimulate interest in different spheres of reality, to satisfy the need for knowledge, self-expression, creative constructive activity.
Currently, one of the factors that influence the formation of a preschooler's personality, his cognitive and speech activity is the development of information and communication technologies. Cartoons play an important role in the development of a preschooler. As shown by a survey of pupils of MBDOU D / s No. 20 of the compensating type of Krasnouralsk (consisting of 60 people) of senior preschool age, conducted by preschool teachers, 100% of children like to watch cartoons, and 75% would like to learn how to create cartoons on their own.
Animation, or animation, is a type of contemporary art that has an extremely high potential for cognitive, artistic, aesthetic, moral and emotional impact on older preschool children, as well as broad educational and educational opportunities. Animation- technology that allows you to create the illusion of movement with the help of inanimate stationary objects; the most popular form is animation, which is a series of hand-drawn images. Animation is a complex process based on the combination of several types of arts, it is a complex process of influencing the personality of a child, with a special power to influence his imagination. With a competent pedagogical approach, the child's interest in cartoons, the desire to create his own cartoon product can be used as a means of developing the cognitive, creative, speech activity of preschool children.
In addition, in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard of Preschool Education, which prescribes the development of a preschooler in five educational areas, this activity allows solving problems:
– speech development of children(acquaintance with book culture, children's literature, listening comprehension of texts of various genres of children's literature, enriching the vocabulary; in the course of dubbing a cartoon - the development of a coherent, grammatically correct dialogical and monologue speech; development of sound and intonational speech culture, phonemic hearing);
– cognitive development(the activity of creating cartoons arouses a steady interest in preschoolers and contributes to the maintenance of cognitive motivation, ensures the solution of problem-search situations by preschoolers, contributes to the formation of voluntary attention in older preschoolers, the development of auditory and visual memory, the development of imagination and thinking of preschoolers);
– artistic and aesthetic development(perception of works of art, stimulating empathy with the characters of works, independent artistic and constructive activities of children in the process of making cartoon characters and scenery);
– social and communicative development(development of communication and interaction of a preschooler with an adult and peers, the formation of independence and self-regulation in the process of working on the creation of a common product - a cartoon, the development of readiness for joint activities with peers, the formation of positive attitudes towards work and creativity);
– physical development(development of fine motor skills of hands)
As part of the activity on the creation of cartoons, various types of children's activities are naturally integrated: play, cognitive research, communicative, productive.
The creation of an animated film assumes the following stages:
1. Definition of the general idea of the cartoon.
2. Writing a cartoon script or getting to know a finished work of art.
3. Making heroes and decorations for all scenes of the film.
4. Time-lapse shooting of the cartoon.
5. Combining frames into a film using a computer program.
6. Scoring of the film.
7. Joint viewing.
The organization of this activity has the following features.
The peculiarity of the organization of the workspace to create a cartoon assumes a specially equipped place in the group, or a separate room equipped with the materials necessary for children's creativity. To create a cartoon using the "Transfer" technique, paints (gouache, watercolor, finger), crayons, wax crayons, sanguine, colored paper, colored cardboard, scissors, glue are provided. Plasticine, clay, natural materials (cones, plant seeds, herbariums, twigs, shells, pebbles, etc.), as well as story toys are provided for the production of "Volumetric animation". Bulk products (cereals, sand, coffee beans, etc.) - for "free flowing animation", as well as technological charts for drawing characters, picture material, schemes for making cartoon characters and decorations (animals, people, plants, buildings, vehicles, etc.) ) from a variety of materials (natural, plasticine, paper, etc.). These manuals can be used depending on the educational goals set by the teacher to create a cartoon.
From technical devices, a prerequisite is the presence of a camera, a computer with a program for creating cartoons, a tripod and additional light sources.
Setting priority goals and objectives is a fundamental condition for the activity of creating cartoons, which determines the direction of the work of the teacher and children, the choice of a work of art, and the technique of performance. The pedagogical goals of this activity can be aimed at the social and communicative, cognitive, speech, artistic and aesthetic development of preschoolers. After defining the goal and objectives of cartoon activities with children, the problem of choosing a work of art that corresponds to the content of the goal arises. The work must meet the following requirements:
- simplicity and clarity of rhythm (if it has a poetic form),
- small volume,
- simplicity and clarity of images familiar to children,
- the lack of descriptive and contemplative moments with a pronounced effectiveness.
The creation of a cartoon involves the complex organization of various types of children's activities (stipulated in the Federal State Educational Standard of DO): the perception of fiction, communication activities, cognitive research and experimentation, productive, visual and design activities.
The organization of observation and experimentation in the process of creating a cartoon is to encourage preschoolers to active preliminary research and study of the depicted objects and phenomena in order to convey them believable.
Organization of productive activities preschoolers in the process of creating a cartoon consists in working together with a teacher on the manufacture of characters, decorations from various materials. The choice of material is given to children.
Several techniques are traditionally used to create cartoons:
1. Transfer- creation by children of flat characters (drawn, sculpted, cut out of paper, etc.), flat backgrounds and decorations. Movement occurs by moving objects across the background.
2. Loose animation involves the use of bulk materials in the work (semolina, sugar, buckwheat, peas, sand, etc.), the movement occurs by drawing with your hands on a free-flowing background located on a transparent illuminated surface.
3. Volumetric animation- making three-dimensional characters and decorations, moving them in three-dimensional space. It makes it possible to use natural materials, plot toys, handicrafts from waste material, plasticine, clay in work. It is the most time-consuming and complex technique for creating a cartoon.
Organization of activities for dubbing a cartoon consists in the distribution of roles between preschoolers, (a prerequisite is participation in the production of each child), learning the text of the work, dialogues and monologues. Next, the text is recorded using a microphone and a computer program.
Organization of shooting a cartoon involves exposing preschoolers to each frame of the cartoon, reflecting the movement of the characters, their facial expressions, gestures, and so on. The teacher, using a tripod and fixed light sources, photographs each frame, taking into account the change of angles, far and near, and shots. The more frames are captured, the smoother and more believable the cartoon will be.
Mounting a cartoon in a computer program is produced by a teacher: he puts frames in a strict sequence, overlays a sound recording of the text, music, titles.
The final part of the activity on creating a cartoon in the conditions of a preschool educational organization involves joint viewing a ready-made cartoon product by a group of older preschoolers, expressing impressions from teamwork, expressing their own opinions, evaluating the results of creative activity and the knowledge acquired in the process. It is also possible to invite parents to the presentation of the cartoon.
Organized activities for the creation of cartoons by older preschoolers allows them to solve educational problems, to form skills for working in a team, cooperation and mutual assistance, to develop the creative abilities of older preschoolers, to intensify cognitive processes and involves the complex organization of various types of children's activities.
Based on the foregoing, we can conclude that the activity of creating cartoons can be an effective means of the integrated development of children of senior preschool age, according to the Federal State Educational Standard of Preschool Education.

Literature:
1. Anofrikov P. Principles of organizing children's animation. // Art at school. 2009. No. 6. S 13-16.
2. Bolgert N., Bolgert S. Multistudio Plasticine. - M .: Publishing house Robins, 2012.66s.
3. Zubkova S.A., Stepanova S.V. Creation of cartoons in a preschool with older preschool children. // Modern preschool education. Theory and practice. 2013. No. 5. Pp. 54-59
4. Ishkova E.I. Mechanisms of the influence of animated films on the social and personal development of preschool children. // Preschool pedagogy. 2013. No. 8. P.20 - 23
5. Red Yu.E. Cartoon hands of children. - M .: Education, 2007.175 p.
6. Milborn A. I draw a cartoon. Moscow: ROSMEN, 2006.64 p.
7. Timofeeva L. L. Cartoon with their own hands. // Educator. 2009. No. 10.P. 25 - 28
8. Federal state educational standard of preschool education. M .; 2013 .-- 29 p.

Municipal budget

General education

Institution "Kindergarten No. 95" Rainbow "

compensating type

the city of Severodvinsk

Educator Lozhkina Larisa Leonidovna

Toolkit

"We create cartoons ourselves"

2015 year

Reviewer: T. V. Efimova - Head of the MBDOU "Kindergarten No. 1" Golden Cockerel "of the combined type" in Severodvinsk. Expert Certificate dated 15.02.2012.

ElA. Pushkin - Deputy Head of MBDOU 3 95 Kindergarten "Raduga" of compensating type ", Severodvinsk

L. L. Lozhkina

"We compose cartoons ourselves":

Methodological guide, 2015.

This manual presents the stages of work on the development of creative abilities in children 5-7 years old through the creation of cartoons in the joint work of a child and an adult.

Attachments: abstracts of joint play activities, fairy tales invented by children, photographic materials.

The manual is addressed to preschool teachers working with children 5-7 years old and their parents.

For a long time, psychologists and educators have unanimously argued that the joint creativity of children and adults forms good trusting relationships between them, has a positive impact on the development of the child and teaches him to cooperate. The creative process stimulates the all-round development of the child. Motor skills are improved, imagination is formed, creativity is revealed. In addition, joint creative activity is an interesting and exciting pastime.

Joint creativity makes up for the lack of attention of adults, allows the child to express himself, to feel his significance.

Having received the scope of his imagination, the child begins to think creatively. At the sight of ordinary objects, creative associations begin to arise in him. If we see ordinary rubbish in a trash box that needs to be thrown out, then the kid sees in it a doll cabinet or a car body. Later, at school, the child will surprise us with a non-standard approach to solving problems, and a beautiful home wall newspaper or a collage made by his own hands will be a surprise for us on the next birthday.

The most important thing in the creative process is not to force, but to direct its development, relying on its interests. And what do children love most of all, what do they like to be very interested in? The first association that arises with the word "childhood" is, of course, "cartoon". What do children love more than anything else? Cartoons are funny and bright pictures that come to life on the screen, followed by the baby with bated breath.

It is worth saying the coveted word "cartoon", as children rush to the TV, After all, a cartoon is a fairy tale revived, real magic. We know that cartoons are also a powerful parenting tool. Without a doubt, they develop the imagination and thinking of the baby, shape his worldview. Favorite cartoon characters are friends of the child. They teach him to interact with the outside world, give an idea of good and evil, help to cope with difficulties. Children always associate themselves with the main character (books, cartoons, films). Moreover, they often adopt not only the demeanor of the hero, but his spiritual qualities.

The entire system of correctional and educational work in a preschool educational institution is focused on the child, on the disclosure and implementation of the potential of his development.

Children with disabilities have speech disorders, developmental disorders of the emotional sphere are observed: anxiety, fears, affective reactions, aggression, low mood background. The purpose of our upbringing and training is: the formation of a positive image of me, the ability to adapt to changing conditions, navigate in different situations and live in society. And since for the kid the main way of existence, cognition and development of the world around him is play, it is this type of activity that has become an integral element and the most important means of corrective and educational work in a kindergarten. A special role in this belongs to the playing of plots with heroes made by children independently, or together with an adult. It captivates children and can satisfy any interests and desires of the child. In children, there is also a lack of attention, weakness of semantic connections, randomness of existing ideas, memory impairment. All components of oral speech are underdeveloped, concerning the phonetic-phonemic and lexical-grammatical aspects. The child is slowly and imprecisely transferring speech experience to a variety of situations. Child long time communicates only in a question-and-answer form, contextual speech is formed with difficulty. An independent story boils down to a simple listing of individual objects and actions shown in the picture. And the introduction of self-made characters helps to fantasize and come up with uncomplicated plots and immediately beat them.

It has long been no secret to anyone that the development of fine motor skills (flexibility and accuracy of finger movements) and tactile sensitivity is a powerful stimulus for the development of perception, attention, memory, thinking and speech in children. Children who have better developed small hand movements have a more developed brain, especially those parts of it that are responsible for speech. Fingers are endowed with a large number of receptors that send impulses to the human central nervous system. All children with disabilities are very lively, curious, attentive to their peers. They listen to fairy tales with pleasure, invent them themselves, play up actions with acting characters, made either jointly with an adult, or on their own.

Therefore, I have combined fairy tales that children love and the making of heroes to play with these fairy tales. A process like making cartoons

just combined these two areas. Such joint activity allows solving many problems, since it involves the integration of such educational areas as art, music, communication, cognition, reading fiction, socialization, work, safety. In addition, in the process of new activities, preschoolers acquire additional skills and abilities, taking into account the stages of work and in accordance with the plots: meaningful, interesting and exciting.

Information sheet

Animation, animation is a kind of cinematography, the works of which are created by the method of time-lapse shooting of successive phases of movement of drawn (graphic or hand-drawn animation) or volumetric (volumetric or puppet animation) objects. Animators are engaged in the art of animation. The cartoonist comes up with cartoon characters, sketches the main scenes, works out the facial expressions and gestures of the characters, looks for interesting techniques that make it possible to distinguish the film from the crowd of others. Cartoons (the end product of animation) are created by either time-lapse shooting step-by-step manually moving stationary objects, or by drawing (on celluloid, paper or in a computer) the phases of object movements, with their further combinationinto a single video sequence.

purpose of work: Create a cartoon using the capabilities of information and communication technologies (time-lapse shooting, computer processing of footage, overlaying music and text) based on a fairy tale, story, poem, life story; a made up story.

Tasks:

To acquaint children with multimedia technology (Multimedia is the interaction of visual and audio effects under the control of interactive software using modern technical and software tools, they combine text, sound, graphics, photos, video in one digital representation.)

To teach to work in a team on the idea of a future cartoon, exchange information, plan various types of artistic and creative activities (making characters, decorations, selecting characteristics of characters, working on a role, etc.)

To form ideas about the artistic image of the cartoon as a product of the collective and creative activity of all its participants

To form the ability to understand the main idea of a literary work and highlight the plot units (set, culmination, denouement)

Improve the ability to coordinate your actions with partners

Learn to make a list of fairy tale characters, the sequence of actions of the heroes

To acquaint children with the process of photography, basic rules for using the camera

Coming up with lines for your hero in accordance with the general plot

Educate children about transferring footage to a computer

Learn to add music to a video

Develop creativity, attention, activity at all stages of work, bring the work started to the end

To cultivate diligence, observation, respect for the products of creativity

Organization of children's activities: individual, subgroup, frontal.

Directions: artistic and aesthetic, cognitive and speech, social and personal

Educational areas: artistic creation, music, communication, cognition, reading fiction, socialization, labor, safety

Equipment and materials:

Computer, microphone, (it is better to use a laptop)

camera, tripod, USB cable (for connecting a computer with a camera)

Cartoon program

(Windows Movie Maker, Pinnacle Studio (), iMovie () or other);

Materials for characters and backgrounds, depending on the chosen technology: colored paper, paints, scissors, glue, brushes, plasticine, etc.

Texts of fairy tales, poems, stories for the future cartoon

Preliminary work:

Introducing children to animation:

What is a cartoon and how are they made.

NS professions in this area: producer, screenwriter, director-animator (animator), artist, cameraman, actor, composer, screenwriter, director-animator (animator), artist, cameraman, actor.

Viewing drawn, plasticine and puppet cartoons (Discuss what animators need to create a cartoon (script, characters, scenery, words by roles, musical accompaniment, artists who dub the film, credits)

Acquaintance with the camera, basic rules of use, the concept of "modeling"

Acquaintance with a computer, basic safety rules when working on a computer, elementary rules of use.

Examining books based on cartoons, discussing the work of an artist, a writer.

This project can be carried out for a start on any simple and well-known to children poems, fairy tales, songs. Such as, for example, "Turnip" or "Teremok". The fact is that, despite the well-known plot of the fairy tale, children will be faced with storyboarding technologies that are new to them (drawing up a detailed plan for a fairy tale and dubbing). The use of these technologies in the future will teach you to work carefully with the text, lay the foundations for analytical work and means of artistic expression.

Regarding the age of the children, we believe that it is possible to create a cartoon with both younger preschool children and older preschool children. It all depends on the involvement of children in the process of creating a cartoon. So, children 3-4 years old can, with the help of an adult, create decorations, draw or dazzle cartoon characters; during shooting - move the figures, they can voice it. Children of older preschool age can already act as an operator, screenwriter, director-animator (animator), artist, actor and composer.

If you decide to create a plasticine cartoon, then first, you need to choose characters for your fairy tale, which children can sculpt from plasticine. It is imperative to discuss the sizes and clothes of the heroes (Russian folk or modern costumes, accessories (scarf, bag, umbrella, book, phone ...).

To make the figures more realistic, use as many details as possible: facial expressions, grimaces, blinking eyes - the size of the head in this case should not be small. Use wire and toothpicks (matches) to secure the figure. The legs must be strong to support the figure while moving. As you move, tilt the figurine back and forth to simulate the gait of a person.

Use natural and waste material to create decorations and backgrounds. Pebbles, "glass", buttons, beads, beads - all this can turn into unusual characters who come to life on the screen and take on their own lives.

"Sand" cartoons look unusual, thus, the child is immersed in the world of magic and fantasy.

Use lighting actively. So with a flashlight or a light bulb behind a slightly transparent background, you can depict the sun or the moon.

In the future, it will be interesting for children to create an "Old fairy tale in a new way", use new, unusual objects instead of familiar objects, change the plot of the fairy tale, add new characters. It is advisable that children actively participate in the discussion and creation of character images.

When creating a cartoon, children reinforce the ability to take on different roles in accordance with the plot, improve their ability to independently choose a fairy tale, poem or song. They can create a story for their family, tell about our country, or go on a journey to a distant planet. You can create a cartoon about your kindergarten, and the heroes will be the children of the group, talk about how they spent their day today, or maybe about how they swam in the pool or helped the kids get dressed for a walk. The theme of the cartoon can be any, it all depends on the imagination of the child and the teacher.

Particular attention should be paid to the “shooting area”, which is a specially designated area. In this place there is a convenient table, which can be approached from several sides, lighting, a digital camera or video camera on a tripod, a multimedia computer with installed software that allows you to import footage and perform the simplest operations with it: delete unnecessary and unsuccessful frames , overlay voice and musical accompaniment, set titles.

Algorithm of actions when creating a cartoon:

We choose any fairy tale, story or poem (or remember a story from experience, or invent a story ourselves), the idea is a script.

Preparing to shoot a cartoon, making characters.

Preparation of scenery and background.

Setting up scenery on the shooting site, character modeling.

The secret of success: When creating scenery, make sure that the foreground is open and the scenery does not obstruct the main characters

Shooting a cartoon - animation (An adult or one of the children plays the role of an operator, takes a place at a video camera or a camera (fixed on a tripod), and the rest perform actions in the frame, rearranging the characters and scenery in accordance with the intended plot.)

The secret of success:

The more detailed the character's movement is, the more natural and smooth the movements will be.

When shooting, make sure that static objects (background) do not move.

Do not forget that changes can occur in the scenery (the wind blew - the tree swayed)

Foreign objects, the hands of animators, shadows should not fall into the frame.

To make the movements of the characters clear, you need to shoot from one point, fixing the camera (preferably in a tripod), without removing or zooming in on the image.

Editing the cartoon (all the footage is transferred to the computer, viewed, the extra frames are removed, mainly an adult does this work) we transfer the photos to the cartoon line, change the properties

The secret of success:

The more frames per second, the smoother the characters' movements; the less, the more intermittent. Timing: we usually do 4 frames per second, sometimes 1 (it all depends on the program). Accordingly, at a speed of 1 frame per second for a minute of the film, you need to take 60 photos.

It is not at all necessary to make every movement of the hero, you can later combine them on the computer. For example, a nod of the head - you can take 2-3 frames, and then repeat them.

The secret of success:

If necessary, write down the text in small pieces.

During recording, there should be absolute silence "in the studio" (no extraneous noise)

Sound effects can be used (door creak, surf noise ...)

8. Musical accompaniment, credits. It is done by an adult, because for children, this is a laborious process, will cause fatigue and can extinguish interest.

9. Placing a movie on the Internet (for example, on Youtube)

10. From the footage you can create your own book and the authors of this book will be children.

So, did your children mold the heroes of a fairy tale from plasticine? Or have you come up with an interesting story? The weather is bad outside and you want to do something unusual, interesting and exciting? Do you want to show children the stages of plant growth? Build your city. Then - create a cartoon with them !!! Bring characters to life, apply a voice - the result will shock both you and the children. Good luck and creative success in this most interesting lesson!

Fairy tale "Forest Adventures"

Collectively invented by children

to New Year's crafts,

performed together with parents

F or - there were 2 snowmen in a forest clearing: Snowman Giant, Snowman Round and Snowman Mozayka. Snegurochka and Santa Claus lived nearby in another meadow. Once the Snow Maiden had a misfortune, the evil Frost Icy Nose enchanted Santa Claus, took all the gifts for himself. The Snow Maiden wrote a letter to the Snowmen about this, asked them for help.

Snowman Giant immediately said: "Rather, get ready to save Santa Claus!" Snowman Kruglyashok said: "Let's take a magic bell with us, frost Ice Nose will hear its ringing, get scared and let Santa Claus go to the children for the holiday." "Hooray! Hooray! Great idea! " - shouted the joyful Snowman Mozaika and ran for the bell.

Then they went to the forest. A magic bell showed them the way. When we approached the Ice Frost house, there was a severe frost on the street. But the Snowmen were not cold, because they went to rescue a friend from trouble.

They approached the Ice Nose Frost House, the Snowman Giant rang the magic bell, the whole house collapsed and they saw two Frosts. Santa Claus Red Nose says: “Oh, thank you, you saved me! You are real friends! " “Take me with you,” said Frost Ice Nose, I will improve, I will not offend anyone, I also want a holiday! One is very sad ... "The snowmen said:" Well, good! Go with us!"

And they went to the children in kindergarten for a holiday: 3 Snowmen: Snowman Giant, Snowman Round, Snowman Mosaic, 2 Frosts: Frost Red Nose and Frost Ice Nose and one Snow Maiden.

Fir-trees shimmered with different lights and illuminated their path with them, the bell jingled merrily.

The children in the kindergarten were very happy!

Fairy tale "SPACE DREAM"

Cartoon set

based on the production of an ecological fairy tale,

invented by the teacher

Dvinyanioi E.V.

Develop the necessary practical skills and abilities:

Introduce the child to the fine arts: to pictures, fairy tales, poetry.

To develop the necessary practical skills and abilities,

Realize the creative abilities of children, develop fantasy, imagination, independent thinking.

To educate artistic and aesthetic taste, hard work, accuracy, the ability to occupy yourself in your free time.

The characteristic features of such loans are:

The focus is not on the lesson, but on the development of the child, not on communicating the amount of knowledge to him, but on the acquisition of practical skills.

The presence of a friendly, creative atmosphere.

This work is carried out in a playful way, an integrated form of such areas as fiction, reading fiction, communication, work, safety, socialization.

Using a fairy tale allows you to:

- The communicative focus of each word and statement of the child in class.

- Improving the lexical and grammatical means of the language.

- Improving the sound side of speech in the field of pronunciation, perception and expressiveness.

- Development of dialogical and monologue speech.

- The effectiveness of play motivation of children's speech.

- The relationship of visual, auditory and motor analyzers.

Creationa favorable psychological atmosphere, enrichment of the emotional and sensual sphere of the child.

- Introducing children to folklore.

Preschoolers develop visual perception, voluntary attention, perseverance, the desire to bring the work started to the end, the ability to work independently.

Creative skills are formed: hand coordination and fine motor skills.