The daily diet of a child at 1 year. Basic requirements for the diet of children. Features of nutrition of young children

All new mothers know that in the first six months, the only food that is ideal for a baby is breast milk. Nutrition in the second half of a baby's life, that is, the moment of introducing complementary foods, is also described in great detail in manuals and collections of recommendations for young mothers. They are also perfectly familiar with the approximate menu of mothers of preschoolers, boys and girls over 3 years old. And what do children from 1 to 3 years old eat? Where can I find recommendations for this age group? “Lost” years, which everyone has forgotten, are very important for the growth and development of babies. It's time to pay attention to them!

By the age of one year, both babies and mothers already know the concept of "food interest". The child reaches for the banana on the table, for the bread in the bread box and for everything that is in mom's plate. Nowadays, the term "pedagogical complementary foods" is fashionable. Pedagogical complementary feeding is a method of introducing complementary foods not according to the well-known pediatric scheme, but a method that gives the child the opportunity to taste a little of all the products from the parent's plate. Naturally, provided that the parents eat the right and healthy food, and not sausages with ketchup. From the age a little older than a year, it is time to gradually transfer the child to the "common table", but the main question is still not the age of the baby, but what will be fed at this table. At this time, the child gradually gets used to the food that he will eat in the future, but the transition from "nutrition of the first year of life" to "adult nutrition" should be organized correctly, with the preservation and even increase (after all, your baby is actively growing) the amount consumed vitamins, minerals and trace elements. The entire set of products that you offer your baby during the day should satisfy his need for proteins, fats and carbohydrates, and also be completely safe for the baby, otherwise there is more harm than good in such a transition. For many parents, this period of baby's growth is a good reason to rethink their diet and give up fried, fatty and spicy foods. Thus, you have a chance to catch two birds with one stone: it will be easier for you to transfer the child to the table with you, and as a bonus, you yourself will start eating healthy and wholesome food! In addition, if it is impossible for any reason to breastfeed after a year, it is worth leaving in the child's diet specialized infant formula for children over 12 months. They are not only an important part of the menu - a dairy product, but also provide a child's diet with a balanced amount of vitamins and minerals. You should not rush from one extreme to another, when switching to "adult nutrition", the balance between those foods to which the child is already accustomed and the novelties in his diet is important. a sufficient amount of fat, but, very importantly, the right fat. It is simply impossible to reduce their amount in the baby's diet, fats are necessary for the proper development and growth of the body. It's all about quality - light vegetable fats, for example, olive or sunflower oil, should be eaten, and not heavy, like lard. Fish is also useful for a child, as it contains easy-to-digest and very healthy fats. The most important thing to remember is that food for a child from 1 to 3 years old should not only be varied, but, of course, tasty.

How much should a child eat

In the first year of life, the child is most actively gaining weight and height and eats 6-8 times a day. In the second year, the growth rate of the baby slows down slightly, the number of meals per day is reduced, but the portions increase. And it is at this moment that many mothers have a question - how many times a day should my child eat? Pediatricians, together with nutritionists, taking into account the latest research on the diet of Russian children, consider the optimal figure to be five: this number of meals includes three main meals - breakfast, lunch and dinner, and two additional ones - an afternoon snack and the so-called “kefir” since Soviet times before bedtime. ... They can serve as yogurt, specialized milk mixture, or kefir itself (but only special, adapted for baby food). The only thing on which the doctors are unanimous is that it categorically should not be ordinary cow's milk. By the way, the total amount of dairy and sour milk products in the diet of a child of this age should be at least 500 ml per day. While cottage cheese for a child under 3 years old can be no more than 50 g per day, and yogurt no more than 150-200 g (with large volumes, the load on the kidneys of the baby will be too great).

But what doctors really do not recommend is snacks. Small cookies, a banana or a bagel will not only ruin your appetite, but can also harm your teeth. In addition, in such a situation, it is difficult for mothers to control the amount of nutrition of the child, because even after one cracker, the baby can simply refuse lunch! But that's not all. Food, taking into account snacks, turns out to be unbalanced, and because of this, the child often suffers from a deficiency of certain vitamins (most often iron) and minerals.

Food harmful to the child

Strict medical prohibitions also include fast food and convenience foods. Of course, all moms know about this. But, when a child turns a year old, or even two whole years, it begins to seem to many that he is already so big that one dumpling or a slice of French fries will not harm him in any way. And this is a huge mistake! Fast food, convenience foods and sodas are three definitive no's for kids under 3 years old. Semi-finished products, such as sausages and dumplings, contain a huge amount of animal fats, which are heavy enough for a child's still not strong gastrointestinal tract, and soda, in addition to bloating and gas, as well as colossal harm to the teeth, also flushes out the much needed to strengthen bones calcium. Fast food, which, by the way, includes not only fast food products, but also banal chips, crackers and popcorn, is very high in calories and contains a large amount of sugar and fat. All this causes problems not only with the stomach, but also in the future with the cardiovascular and endocrine systems of the body, and, of course, obesity. That is why it is necessary to abandon these products 100% and better not only up to three, but even up to five years, ideally, it will be great if the above prohibited foods are completely absent from the child's diet.

If you really want to give your child dumplings - make them yourself, together with the baby! Only in this case you will know for sure that the product that you give to your child is made in compliance with all sanitary standards, from high-quality minced meat and homemade dough. There is no harm in such dumplings.

How to teach to chew

No matter what experienced older mothers tell you, no matter what interesting information about the latest research in this area, you have not read on the Internet, and the process of switching from pureed food to pieces is individual for each child. And this must always be remembered. The kid learns to chew when he is ready for it. Mom's task is just not to slow down, but also not to force events. As in one, and in another case, a psychological blockade can occur. If you offer a large bite to your child too early, the chances are that he will choke and later be afraid to chew the bites. If you delay with this process, you may find yourself in a situation where the child will be simply lazy, because it is much more convenient and familiar to eat mashed potatoes. Please note that when we talk about introducing "pieces" of food into a child's diet, we do not mean a complete rejection of homogenized dishes. Nutritionists have long proven that there is simply no upper age limit for the use of puree (including canned food). You can enjoy fruit puree at 2, 20, and 50 years old. Why do they introduce "pieces" at all? The thing is that after a year, the child must gradually learn to chew, this is part of the process of getting used to food, which he will use in the future throughout his life. But the manufacturers of baby food and then managed to "hurry up" - they came up with special jars and cereals with pieces of fruit, for those kids who are just learning to chew. If you categorically do not accept canned food, then for a start, just mash regular food with a fork, this is the first stage of getting used to adult food. It is useful to let the child try adult side dishes: boiled rice, buckwheat, because, in fact, these are just very small pieces. And it is worth remembering that the skill of chewing does not at all depend on whether you are giving or not giving your child mashed potatoes. It is based on eating in chunks! Therefore, it is best to give your baby these two types of food in parallel. It is also important for mothers to remember that precisely due to the fact that modern children eat little solid food, gnaw little, chew, etc., most of them subsequently experience underdevelopment of the dental-jaw apparatus, or, more simply, an incorrect bite and others orthodontic problems.

Baby porridge

Let's touch on one more controversial point in the nutrition of babies: home-made porridge versus bagged porridge. There are many supporters of both one and the other type of food. Both those and others in their preferences will be right, the mother will have to decide this issue on her own. It is worth paying attention to two things: the composition of the packaged cereals and the storage conditions for ordinary cereals. As for the composition of baby porridge - there is no secret here, all the ingredients are listed on the package, you have the right to know what to feed your own child. And now, the most interesting thing - in any store you can see that ordinary cereals are stored in simple cardboard boxes, which means that they are transported in the same way. There is no guarantee that during the time the porridge “travels” from the factory to the shelf in your closet, some not very useful bacteria that can cause an infection has not yet settled there. Specialized baby cereals are manufactured to high safety standards and are vacuum stored until you open the box and cut the bag with your own scissors. Of course, in the process of cooking ordinary porridge, which takes an average of 20-25 minutes, all microbes will die, but along with them the useful substances that are in the cereal will die. And now porridge is not a product that must be consumed, containing vitamins and microelements, but just food, no healthier than a sausage sandwich. So for the nutrition of children from one to three years old, it is still better to use specialized baby cereals. Baby food manufacturers always test cereals for such cereals and at the same time use very high quality standards. Special attention is usually paid to everything related to heavy metals or bacterial contamination. So, using packaged cereals for baby food, you can be sure of their safety. And do not be afraid of the presence of such cereals in the baby's diet. After all, they not only provide the child with a complex of vitamins, but are also a delicious and hearty breakfast! And this, as you know, is the key to a good mood for the whole day.

Semi-finished products, such as sausages and dumplings, contain a huge amount of animal fats, which are heavy enough for a child's still not strong gastrointestinal tract, and soda, in addition to bloating and gas, as well as colossal harm to the teeth, also flushes out the much needed to strengthen bones calcium.

Semi-finished products: dumplings, fries, any fast food. Carbonated drinks, sausages, sausages, coffee and cocoa, chocolate, sweets, smoked meats, pickled foods and pickles, mushrooms, fried foods, margarine.

It is better that these products are not in the diet of a child from 1 to 3 years old:

Butter biscuits, crackers, ice cream, black pepper, salt, sugar.

What foods are important for a baby at 1 - 2-3 years old?

It is possible and necessary to be sure to be present in the diet of a child from 1 year old

Vegetables: tomatoes, cucumbers, zucchini, pumpkin, carrots, potatoes, cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, radishes, dill.
Fruits and berries: apples, bananas, peaches, pears, oranges.
Meat: veal, beef, chicken, turkey, rabbit.
A fish: cod, pike perch, pink salmon, pollock.
Dairy / fermented milk products: cottage cheese, fermented milk drinks, specialized milk formulas (if breastfeeding is not supported after 1 year).
Cereal products: porridge (oatmeal, buckwheat, rice, millet, corn, wheat), bread.

The diet of a child from 1 to 3 years old - video

Baby food after a year

Nutrition for children from the year. Healthy baby menu

At 1 year and 3 months (15 months), the child develops his own food preferences. During this period, it is important to accustom your baby to healthy and varied meals in the diet. Nutrition regimen, food quality, culinary processing and a smooth transition from pureed to solid food remain important.

Let's start with those that should appear on the children's table every day.

Milk and its derivatives

A source of animal protein, vitamins, etc.

The total volume of breast milk or an adapted formula, kefir, yogurt and other dairy products: 500 ml per day.

• Breastfeeding is not canceled. Mom can feed the baby 1-2 times a day early in the morning and at night. As the needs of the child's body change, the amount and quality of breast milk changes. Therefore, overeating does not threaten the child.
• Adapted mixture take away only one feeding, which can be replaced with 200 ml of kefir or fermented milk mixture before bedtime.
• Cottage cheese (the daily rate does not exceed 50 g) is offered in its pure form or used to make steamed cheesecakes, puddings, soufflés.
• or yogurt give up to 200 ml per day. Choose products with live lactic acid bacteria and mark "For baby food".

Porridge

Sources of slow carbohydrates, B vitamins and minerals.

Gluten-containing representatives appear in the diet: wheat, oatmeal, millet porridge with milk or water (≈200 g).

For children with poor weight gain 1-2 times a week, you can cook semolina, but without fanaticism: it contains fitins that impede the absorption of calcium and vitamin D.

Meat

Meat products are rich in proteins and amino acids, B vitamins, and iron.

Lean pork, homemade chicken, rabbit, beef and veal are included on the menu 4-5 times a week, 80 g per serving in the form of cutlets, meatballs, meatballs, soufflés.

Vegetables

Suppliers of vegetable protein, vitamins, fiber and minerals.

Used for preparing fresh salads, stewing, added to soups.

Total amount per day: 200 g.

A good option is a spoonful of homemade jam to cottage cheese, cheese cakes or porridge.

Please note! Permissible: 35 g per day, taking into account its content in other products (milk, cereals, fruits, vegetables, etc.).

Salt

May be harmful: it provokes fluid retention and increases the burden on the kidneys.

About reluctance

Appetite in childhood is not constant and decreases for various reasons:

• inactivity;
• high-calorie snacks;
• malaise;
• unwillingness to eat what is offered.

Refusal to eat is not a reason to force-feed a baby.

Children's doctor Komarovsky advises:

• leave the child the right to choose;
• temporarily replace the unloved with an equivalent in calorie content, but from other products (for example, porridge for pasta or mashed potatoes);
• do not repeat during the day and, if possible, the week;
• observe rituals: wash pens, arrange plates, tie a napkin;
• to offer delicious and beautifully presented dishes.

Binge eating

Another problem in baby food after a year, although it is less common.

Usually, overeating is associated with the parent's attempts to get the child to eat more.

• overweight;
• decreased physical activity;
• malfunctions of the digestive system;
• violation of intestinal microflora;
• decreased immunity.

Snacks

Experts consider indiscriminate snacks to be the reason for refusing the main meal.

But it is sometimes difficult for a physically active child to take a break of 4 hours - he needs a snack to replenish energy costs.

What to do:

1. To eliminate the feeling of hunger, give a few pieces of fruit, vegetables, a slice of cheese or 1-2 baby cookies with kefir.
2. Reinforce the fidget 1.5 hours before the main meal.
3. If the baby wants to eat 30-40 minutes earlier than the established schedule, go to meet him.

It is important to learn to understand whether the child is really hungry, or if he is thirsty. The suggested water, unsweetened compote can be a quick solution to the problem.

Breast milk

Mother's milk after a year:

• 95% provides vitamin C;
• helps in the digestion of food;
• provides immune protection against infections.

Cooking principles

By the age of 1 year and 3 months, the child's digestive system can already easily cope with many products, provided they are properly prepared and processed.

Steam cooking in a steamer or multicooker is a priority. An acceptable option is cooking, an acceptable option is stewing.

Vegetables for fresh salads are rubbed on, and cut into small pieces before heat treatment. In stews and first courses, you can knead them a little with a fork.

The meat is passed through a meat grinder for steamed meatballs, cutlets, meatballs, soufflé. Boil for pates, followed by grinding in a blender, cut into small pieces for stewing.

For fish fillets, cooking, stewing, baking in foil is suitable. Minced meat for meatballs and cutlets is also made from it.

Eggs are cooked only hard-boiled, in the form of fat-free with the addition of milk, used for minced fish and meat, cheese cakes and casseroles, followed by heat treatment.

It is preferable to porridge of a homogeneous consistency, well boiled. Buyable: Age-appropriate soluble industrial production or quick-digestible in flakes.

Butter and vegetable oil added to food at the end of cooking, without exposing it to high temperatures.

Fresh fruit is peeled, cut into small pieces or offered to the baby in a nibbler as a safer option.

For the preparation of milk porridge, you can use adapted mixtures. Whole cow's milk remains banned for up to 3 years due to the high risk of allergy to milk protein.

• choose only fresh and organic products;
• prepare food just before serving;
• do not give the fidget too hot or cold.

Making a menu

Breakfast
Porridge or vegetable dishes	200 g
Curd, fish, meat or egg dish	50 g
Tea	100 ml
Dinner
A fresh vegetable salad	30 g
First	50 g
Second (meat or fish)	70 g
Side dish (vegetable or cereal)	70 g
Compote or juice	100 ml
Afternoon snack
Kefir or yogurt	150 ml
Cookies, crackers or biscuits	15 g
Fresh fruit or fruit puree	100 g
Dinner
Meat with vegetables, vegetable, cereal or curd dish	180 g
Kefir or yogurt	100 ml

Age one and a half years is the time to expand the child's diet. His digestive system is improved, the number of teeth is increased, which helps to chew harder foods. Mom does not need to grind food thoroughly, as in the first year of life. The components of the dishes can be cut into small pieces without resorting to a meat grinder and blender. A varied menu introduces the baby to new tastes and ensures the supply of valuable vitamins and microelements.

The diet of a child after a year should be compiled taking into account the recommendations of specialists

Diet of a one and a half year old child

The diet of children after one and a half years includes 5 meals. Three of them are basic and two are snacks. Some kids refuse second breakfast, switch to 4 meals a day with a break between meals at 4 hours. Whatever the baby's habits, the main thing is to invite him to the table at a strictly allotted time. This will develop the food reflex and create favorable conditions for the digestion of food.

Child's diet after a year

Dear reader!

This article tells about typical ways of solving your questions, but each case is unique! If you want to know how to solve your particular problem - ask your question. It's fast and free!

When choosing food for a child after a year, preference should be given to light dietary products. The children's menu must include cereals, light soups, fermented milk dishes, fish and meat patties. For dressing dishes, you should use vegetable oil, low-fat sour cream. The addition of salt, herbs, ground pepper is allowed.

Porridge, vegetables, meat on the menu

Porridge can be served every day, at any time. The most valuable of them are oatmeal and buckwheat, which contain many useful microelements. Rice is well digested, but it should be limited if you are prone to constipation. Less popular corn and millet porridge are a source of silicon, calcium and phosphorus. You can also offer barley, which contains iron and potassium, and pearl barley is introduced after three years.

Vegetables and fruits can be given every day, in any form. They contain fiber, which prevents constipation and aids easy digestion. Summer is the best time for light salads. Baked vegetables and mashed potatoes are suitable as a side dish at any time of the year.

Children's menu should not only be varied, but interesting and beautiful.

For cutlets and meatballs, you should use lean meats - turkey, beef, veal. A blender, a double boiler and a slow cooker will help to prepare it. Lean fish dishes should be included in the diet at least 2 times a week. A piece of baked fish will give the body important amino acids, iodine, potassium, lecithin, magnesium, phospholipids. However, it should be remembered that fish is a strong allergen.

Eggs, dairy products and fats in the diet

Milk, fermented milk and dairy products give children calcium, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, protein, vitamin D. They contain milk sugar, digestible acids, carbohydrates, and minerals.

You can make cheese cakes, casseroles, lazy dumplings from cottage cheese, which you can already try for your baby.

Chicken eggs are prized with amino acids and lycetin. A whole egg can be given to an older child for breakfast every other day, or you can make a steamed omelet from it, add it to dishes. If you are allergic to protein, it is removed from the menu. You can also try dietary quail eggs.

A child over a year old can be given a whole egg (every other day, or half a day), and not just the yolk

Fats are oils (sunflower, olive, butter, corn) useful in their own way. The vitamins, minerals and fatty acids they contain give strength and support the metabolism. The daily norm of butter at the age of 2 years is from 6 to 10 grams. (including adding to cereals, puddings, casseroles).

Bread, pasta and sweets

Durum wheat pasta may be present in the diet of one and a half year old children. They contain carbohydrates, vitamins B1, B9, PP, B2, calcium, phosphorus and other trace elements. Up to 2 years old, the inclusion of bran baked goods is not recommended by WHO and pediatricians, including Dr. Komarovsky. However, at 1.5 years old, you can introduce a child to bread made from rye flour.

The daily norm of black bread should not exceed 10 grams. In total, a two-year-old child is allowed to eat up to 100 grams of bread per day (70 grams of wheat and 30 grams of rye). If a child refuses bread, do not insist - cereals will completely replace him.

Sweets and chocolate should be given to the baby in a very limited amount, it is better to prefer dried fruits and biscuit biscuits (see also :)

You should not include sweets and pastries in the diet of a 1.5-year-old baby. Once a week, you can eat marshmallow, marmalade, marshmallow, honey, biscuit biscuits and dried fruits (see also :). The daily rate of sugar is 40 grams (sugar added to cereals, pies, curd is considered).

You should not try harmful and heavy food from an adult table at this age. Heavy, fatty, fried foods are prohibited. Do not give mushrooms, pickled vegetables, smoked meats, seafood, marinades. The taboo applies to concentrated juices, soda, margarine and spread, coffee.

Menu for a day in 1.5-3 years

A varied and balanced diet is the basis for the harmonious development of a 1.5-2 year old child. The basis of the children's diet should be foods with protein content - eggs, fish, meat, dairy products.

The correct daily set of dishes that should be given to the baby is shown in the table:

Name of the dish	Age 1.5-2 years old	Age 2-3 years old
Breakfast
Liquid buckwheat porridge with milk	150 ml	180 ml
Steam omelet	50 g	60 g
Fruit juice	100 ml	140 ml
Dinner
Beetroot salad with sour cream	30 g	50 g
Vegetarian vegetable soup	50-100 ml	150 ml
Lean beef puree or pate	50 g	70 g
Boiled pasta with butter	50g	50-60 g
Dried fruits compote	70 ml	100 ml
Afternoon snack
Kefir	150 ml	180 ml
Galette or oatmeal cookies	15 g	15 g
Fruit (apple, banana, pear)	100 g	100 g
Dinner
Vinaigrette or salad of fresh vegetables with oil	100 g	100 g
Fish balls	50 g	70 g
Mashed potatoes	60-80 gr	100 g
Tea with milk	100 ml	100 ml
Total calories:	1300 kcal	1500 kcal

The calorie content of the daily ration is distributed evenly 30% / 35% / 15% / 20% (breakfast / lunch / afternoon snack / dinner). Nutritionists and WHO recommend calculating calories and adhering to a similar ratio during feedings. If the child asks for food at night, it is better to feed him kefir, low-fat yogurt or milk.

Weekly menu for kids 1.5-2 years old

In order for the baby to eat with appetite, his menu should be as varied as possible.

Despite the limited time for cooking, it is important for mom to diversify the child's diet as much as possible and introduce him to new tastes. This will also be an additional preparation for kindergarten, where children do not have to choose what to eat. An approximate menu for a week after 1 year and 6 months is shown in the table:

Day of week	Type of meal	Dishes
Monday	Breakfast	Semolina porridge, wheat bread, weak tea with sugar.
	Dinner	Light vegetable soup, grated beet salad, steam cutlet, mashed potatoes, compote.
	Afternoon snack	Fruit juice, curd, bun.
	Dinner	Vegetable stew, bread, tea.
Tuesday	Breakfast	Oatmeal porridge with milk, bun, cocoa.
	Dinner	Beetroot, grated carrot and apple salad, fish meatball, barley porridge, berry fruit drink.
	Afternoon snack	Hard biscuits, yoghurt.
	Dinner	Stewed potatoes with chicken fillet
Wednesday	Breakfast	Rice porridge I raisins, milk.
	Dinner	Meatball soup, cabbage and carrot salad,
	Afternoon snack	Compote, syrniki (more in the article :).
	Dinner	Steamed vegetables, juice.
Thursday	Breakfast	Steam omelet, black bread, tea (we recommend reading :).
	Dinner	Vermicelli soup, fresh cucumber, millet porridge, goulash, compote.
	Afternoon snack	Diet crispbread, kefir.
	Dinner	Fish cutlet, mashed potatoes, compote.
Friday	Breakfast	Curd casserole, tea.
	Dinner	Rice soup, fresh tomato, stewed vegetables with meat, jelly.
	Afternoon snack	Cheese sandwich, berry compote.
	Dinner	Bread with butter and cheese, buckwheat porridge with milk, tea.
Saturday	Breakfast	Steam omelet, curd, compote.
	Dinner	Green cabbage soup, cabbage salad, chicken cue ball in batter, buckwheat porridge.
	Afternoon snack	Oatmeal cookies, fermented baked milk (see also :).
	Dinner	Stew of vegetables, jelly.
Sunday	Breakfast	Lush pancakes with gravy, cocoa.
	Dinner	Soup with dumplings, fresh cucumber, pasta, beef meatballs, compote.
	Afternoon snack	Baked apple, bread and butter, tea.
	Dinner	Steam vegetables and fish, bread, tea.

In my mother's piggy bank: useful recipes

It is important for a mother to be attentive both to the selection of products for the child and to their careful culinary processing. It is advisable to make your own cottage cheese, jelly, yoghurts, minced meat, oatmeal and shortbread cookies. Finished products are not always stored in proper conditions, and manufacturers are often silent about their composition. It is necessary to gradually master the recipes for children's dishes and introduce them to the child.

Millet porridge "Caprice"

Millet porridge "Caprice"

Initially, boil a viscous millet porridge, pour half a glass of cereal with a glass of hot water. Then add a little sugar and salt to a saucepan with millet and cook until tender, cool to 40 degrees and serve with one of the fillers:

• finely chopped dried apricots and raisins, nuts and butter;
• carrot puree (chopped carrots should be stewed beforehand, and then mixed with porridge and garnished with prunes);
• pieces of stewed fillet, laid out on porridge.

Delicate chicken cream soup

To prepare one portion, you need to make a broth by boiling 20 grams of chicken fillet in 150 ml. water and adding salt, half an onion and carrots to it. Grind the finished meat and vegetables with a blender, add half of the broth, grind. Separately dry a tablespoon of flour in a pan, add the rest of the broth and 1 tsp. butter. Keep on fire until thickened, stirring constantly.

Mix the sauce and mashed meat with vegetables. Simmer for 10 minutes. Combine a fresh egg with 30 ml in parallel. warm boiled milk, boil until thickened in a water bath. Add the resulting mixture to the slightly cooled soup and mix. Serve with herbs.

Beets stewed with prunes

Beets stewed with prunes

Grate medium-sized red beets on a coarse grater. Melt 1 teaspoon of butter in a frying pan and heat the chopped root vegetable in it. Add 50 grams of chopped prunes, salt and sugar, cover and simmer over low heat until tender. It is important to stir every 2 minutes so that the beets become tender and aromatic.

Fish stewed in milk

Prepare a good cod fillet, sprinkle with salt. Separately chop the young potatoes, add water and cook until half cooked in a ceramic pot. Drain the water, add the chopped half of the onion, the prepared fish. Pour a glass of milk over the food and simmer over low heat for 20 minutes. Garnish with herbs before serving.

Meat soufflé

Chicken souffle

Grind 350 grams of a good tenderloin in a blender or food processor. Continuing to beat, add a little salt, 50 gr. butter, a good raw egg. Gradually pour in 0.5 cups of low-fat cream. Put the well-prepared mass in an oiled form, which must be placed in a bowl of boiling water and sent to a preheated oven.

During baking, it is important to ensure that there is always boiling water in the bowl, add it when evaporating. Signs of the readiness of the dish are an increase and compaction of the mass, its separation from the walls of the form. Mom should try it before finally taking out the dish. Serve the soufflé on a flat plate with herbs and fresh tomato.

Rice casserole with cottage cheese

Rice casserole with cottage cheese

Boil loose rice. Add raisins, egg beaten with a little sugar, butter and grated cottage cheese. Mix the prepared mass well and put on a baking sheet, pre-oiled and covered with bread crumbs. Grease the mass on top with the previously connected egg and sour cream or pour with melted butter. Bake for 10 minutes at medium heat. Serve garnished with berry syrup.

Note to mom

A two-year-old may refuse meals prepared by his mother. New products can be particularly resentful. Dr. Komarovsky does not recommend insisting.

A long-awaited holiday is coming for parents - their baby is one year old. The first milk teeth have already appeared, the toddler has grown up, took the first steps. It continues to evolve rapidly. It is no longer as intense as in the previous 12 months, and therefore it can be worse. Nevertheless, in many respects, the usefulness of development depends on the child's menu at 1 year old.

Whether he was breastfeeding, mixed or artificial: the baby's digestive system was already prepared for a year to receive a variety of foods. But when feeding him from this age, there are certain rules and taboos. How to feed a child from 1 year old is a question that young parents are often looking for an answer to. Let's figure it out.

What to feed

Food for the human body is a source of energy and building material. This is especially true for the child's body. Getting balanced, nutritious food, the baby grows quickly, develops correctly, he has good immunity and good health. For babies with a weakened body from birth, proper nutrition is even more important.

• proteins - 53 g;
• fat - 53 g;
• carbohydrates - 212 g.

Milk and dairy products remain the food product that plays a major role in the formation of all systems of the child's body per year. He must consume at least 750 ml of milk per day. A breastfed baby continues to drink breast milk, but he will do it less often - only 2-3 times a day. The baby's food becomes four times a day. This is breakfast, lunch, afternoon tea and dinner. The last meal should be no later than two hours before bedtime. But if the child asks, he can drink some milk with cookies.

Soups cooked in vegetable or chicken, not strong, from fillet broth are introduced into the diet of the crumbs. An important place in his diet is occupied by milk porridge with well-boiled cereals ("smudge"). Sometimes they can be replaced with porridge in water or vegetable broth.

Meat and fish dishes should be on the menu of a 1 year old child every day. Chicken eggs (but not more than 3 per week), cottage cheese, dishes made from it, yoghurts also make up a significant part of the diet. The menu must include jellies, puddings, casseroles, vegetable and fruit purees, steamed cutlets, stewed vegetables.

Seasonal fruits are introduced into the menu gradually, in small quantities, taking into account the child's reaction to them. This is especially true for strawberries, raspberries, apricots. Citrus fruits are not recommended for children of this age.

From drinks, it is advisable for babies to drink jelly, cocoa, weakly brewed tea, it is possible with herbs, children's juice, compote.

The total daily calorie content of food for a child at this age should be 100-120 kcal per 1 kg of weight. In one meal, he should eat 250-270 g.

Advice
It is imperative to give the child clean drinking water without additives. Tea, compote and other drinks do not replace water.

Do's and Don'ts

From a year old, a child can eat almost any food and dish, but there are a few exceptions to avoid digestive problems and allergic reactions. When figuring out the answer to the question of how to feed a child from one year old correctly, it is better to familiarize yourself with the scientific approach to making the menu. It is developed by pediatricians, taking into account all the features of the development of the child's body.

It is very important for children from a year and older to adhere to the daily routine. This also applies to the meal plan. For the normal functioning of the body's systems, the child must sleep and eat strictly according to the clock. Exceptions are trips with parents, visits to a doctor. But here, too, you need to allow as few disruptions as possible in the baby's day regimen.

Not desirable

Sugar in the diet for a year and up to three years is highly discouraged. A little honey, homemade jam, marmalade and not too sweet biscuits can occasionally be given to the child. It is associated with the prevention of obesity, caries, allergies, diabetes.

It is forbidden:

• mushrooms;
• chocolate;
• carbonated drinks;
• coffee;
• strong tea;
• smoked meats;
• sausages;
• fried foods;
• fatty foods;
• canned food (except for children).

You can not overfeed the child, give him more food than provided for by the norms of baby food. This is usually the sin of grandmothers, who constantly think that the baby is malnourished. Overweight and obesity are often the result.

Sample menu

Many pediatricians recommend adapting the diet of a one-year-old baby to a family one, but excluding from it foods that are not desirable at this age. It is no longer necessary to grind the ingredients in mashed potatoes, the baby must learn to chew solid food well. But at first, up to one and a half years of age, until 10 teeth appear, you can knead some dishes with a fork or serve as before in the form of mashed potatoes. However, you should not rush to seat a child of one year at a common table. In this case, the whole family should eat balanced, absolutely healthy food. If there are foods prohibited for him on the table, then it is better to cook and feed the baby separately.

The table below shows an approximate menu for a 1 year old child for every day.

	Breakfast	Dinner	Afternoon snack	Dinner
Mon	buckwheat milk porridge; bread with butter and cheese; weak tea	vegetable soup;	milk with unsweetened cookies;	kefir with cookies
W	wheat porridge with milk;	vegetable soup; meatballs, steam with garnish;	milk with unsweetened cookies;	stewed vegetables with steamed fish; kefir with cookies
Wed	oatmeal in milk;	vegetable soup; meatballs, steam with garnish;	milk with unsweetened cookies;	stewed vegetables with steamed fish; kefir with cookies
NS	rice porridge with milk; soft cheese sandwich;	vegetable soup; meatballs, steam with garnish;	milk with unsweetened cookies;	stewed vegetables with steamed fish; kefir with cookies
Fri	rice porridge with milk; soft cheese sandwich;	vegetable soup; meatballs, steam with garnish;	milk with unsweetened cookies;	stewed vegetables with steamed fish; kefir with cookies
Sat	rice porridge with milk; soft cheese sandwich;	vegetable soup; meatballs, steam with garnish;	milk with unsweetened cookies;	stewed vegetables with steamed fish; kefir with cookies
Sun	rice porridge with milk; soft cheese sandwich;	vegetable soup; meatballs, steam with garnish;	milk with unsweetened cookies;	stewed vegetables with steamed fish; kefir with cookies

Meals and food can be changed, depending on the family's capabilities and the child's preferences at one time or another. The sick baby's menu is also adjusted - depending on the condition. The diet of weakened children with chronic diseases, allergic manifestations can radically differ from the general menu.

Breakfast should be approximately 25% of the daily diet, lunch - 35%, afternoon tea - 15%, dinner - 25%. An apple or savory biscuit snack is allowed between breakfast and lunch. Daily ration of bread: white - 40 g, rye - 10 g.

Eating with whims

A child in a year has already decided on his preferences in food and begins to complain or be naughty if he does not like the dish. Young parents often make the same mistake - they force him to eat a product that is useful, in their opinion, practically by force. Famous pediatrician Komarovsky and other children's doctors are sure that this should not be done.

Advice
The kid does not want broccoli puree today, which he ate with pleasure yesterday - give him a carrot. Refuses generally from vegetables - replace them for a while with fruits.

If you insist too much, then the child will generally develop a persistent aversion to the product. The same goes for cereals. They can be replaced for a short time with potatoes and pasta. Even a child's milk does not need to be forced to drink a year if he does not want to. Let it go without it for a while.

You should not persistently fight the whims of a baby in a year and older regarding food. Even such a small person already has a developed intuition in relation to food. What his body requires at this moment, then he will eat with pleasure. Moreover, an equivalent replacement for one or another ingredient in his diet can always be found by picking up the required amount of vitamins and minerals in a serving. Such a policy regarding the baby's temporary whims will help him forget about them and start eating again what was rejected.

The benefits of individual dishes

Some products have special nutritional value and are irreplaceable in baby food. Some of their valuable properties are below.

This fermented milk product, due to the presence of valuable proteins and amino acids in it, has an irreplaceable biological and nutritional value. Moreover, it is easily absorbed by the body, without causing negative reactions even in children under one year old. It includes:

• folic acid;
• vitamin b 2;
• calcium;
• phosphorus.

Substances that cottage cheese contains, promote growth, strengthen bones, gain body weight, hematopoiesis, and have a beneficial effect on the functioning of the child's digestive system.

Early berries

At the end of May, at the beginning of June, strawberries and strawberries begin to ripen. They contain vitamins C, E, folic acid, biotin, organic acids, iron. These components well replenish the supply of vitamins in the baby's body after the impoverished autumn-winter period, promote hematopoiesis. Weakened children can get strawberries with cream or sour cream, strawberry puree can be added to cereals or cottage cheese. But if these berries cause an allergic reaction, then their amount should be minimal or they should be completely excluded from the menu.

Green vegetables

Early cabbage, sorrel, spinach, green onions, green peas, dill greens, parsley are rich in biologically active substances, vitamins C, B, E. Since they are eaten without heat treatment, they retain all their useful qualities, help improve the state of blood vessels , the work of the digestive system, replenish the reserves of vitamins and minerals in the child's body. These vegetables must be present in the menu of a one-year-old baby.

The ginger root vegetable contains carotene, flavonoids, provitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin B, B2. This is what makes it an irreplaceable product in the children's menu. Carrots and dishes made from it help to improve vision, the condition of the skin, the development of the brain, improve digestion, metabolism, increase immunity, and have healing properties. It should be used with caution if you have problems with the intestines.

Recipes for a one-year-old child

For a 1 year old child, one way or another, mom or grandmother has to cook separately. He can eat only some dishes from the common table, if they are prepared in compliance with all requirements and recommendations. The basic rules for such cooking should be:

• absolute freshness of the products used;
• cleanliness and hygiene when preparing food is more thorough than for adults;
• the child should eat only a freshly prepared, and not a preheated dish;
• food should not be hot to avoid burns;
• the appearance of the dish should be attractive to the baby.

Rice soup with meat broth

Necessary products.

The broth for a soup intended for a 1-year-old child should not be greasy, not strong. To prepare it, you need to take chicken or turkey fillet - 100 grams.

In addition, you will need:

• 2 glasses of purified water;
• 0.5 cups of rice;
• 1.4 sweet pepper;
• 0.5 medium carrots.

Preparation

Fill the well-washed fillet with water, bring to a boil over low heat, removing the foam. Cook the broth for 15-20 minutes. Remove the meat, strain the broth through cheesecloth. Put well-washed rice, finely chopped bell peppers, grated carrots into the broth, add a little salt. Boil the rice until cooked, add fresh parsley at the end.

Ingredients

• broccoli;
• cauliflower;
• cream;
• purified water;
• salt to taste.

Preparation

Boil broccoli and cauliflower in salted water until tender. Cool, disassemble into inflorescences, put in a blender, add cream, puree the mass.

Instead of cauliflower, you can use pumpkin, squash, or boiled lean meat. Instead of cream, you can add vegetable broth and a little vegetable oil.

It will take:

• chicken fillet, turkey fillet, veal, rabbit meat (optional);
• egg;
• bread soaked in milk or oatmeal;
• salt to taste;
• onion.

How to cook

Wash the meat thoroughly, dry it in a towel, cut into pieces. Soak bread or oatmeal in milk. Grind the meat into minced meat, add bread or cereals, an egg, onion (optional), add a little salt. You can add finely chopped greens. Knead the mass well and form small balls. Then we shift the meatballs into a deep frying pan, add boiling water and simmer over low heat for 10-15 minutes. At the end, you can add cream or sour cream, a little tomato (if the child likes). It is allowed and very convenient to cook meatballs in a double boiler or in the oven.

Products for the dish

• cottage cheese - 0.5 kg;
• semolina - 1/3 cup;
• fresh chicken eggs - 3 pcs.;
• sugar - 100 grams;
• salt;
• raisin;
• vanilla sugar - 1 sachet.

How to cook

The whole family will gladly eat such a dish. Well, the baby will get a piece. There is no need to remind you that the food must be fresh. So. Knead the cottage cheese well or pass it through a meat grinder, add a little salt.

Next, we separate the whites from the yolks. Beat the whites with half the sugar until fluffy. Yolks, remaining sugar, vanilla sugar, semolina, washed raisins - add all this to the curd and mix well. Add the proteins last, gently stirring in one direction with a spoon. Some protein should be kept.

Pour the curd mass into a greased form lined with parchment, level the surface. Lubricate the top with the remaining proteins mixed with sour cream.

We bake in the oven at a temperature of 180-200 °. Readiness is determined by a dry straw and a ruddy top.

Kissel

To prepare a jelly for a child at 1 year old, you only need fresh fruits and berries or fresh fruit juices. There should be no concentrates. Kissels are very necessary and important for the child's body, as they contain a lot of useful elements. There is no need to add sugar to jelly, especially if there is enough of it in berries or fruits. When heated to high temperatures, honey emits harmful substances, so that it can be used to sweeten a ready-made, cooled drink.

Cooking jelly is simple. Mix water with starch until a suspension is obtained, slowly pour into boiling juice or fruit broth with constant stirring. Bring to a boil, after 2 minutes the jelly is ready. One glass a day is enough for a one-year-old child. But not every day.

Advice
Delicious and healthy jelly is made from milk with the addition of vanilla, cinnamon, cocoa. You can add milk to the finished cooled jelly. It forms intricate patterns, and after stirring it will make the drink even tastier and healthier.

Conclusion

The most important thing in the menu of a 1 year old child is complete, healthy food. Products that are offered to a baby at this age should provide his body with all the necessary vitamins, minerals and substances for proper development and growth. The main task of the parents is to choose such food for the child. His future health, physical and mental development depends on this.

If as early as one year old it was possible to feed a child with one-component and maximally sparing soups and cereals, then in a year and two months the situation changes dramatically. Now the menu of the toddler is largely the same as the diet of the rest of the family. The main thing is to pay special attention to the processing of components.

While many adult dishes are already available to the baby, only if a number of features are observed, they will not harm the growing body and provide it with noticeable benefits. The main rule of the period is the use of components traditional for the family, season and locality. After all, it is at this age that the child develops taste preferences and love for specific food products.

Features of cooking dishes for children after a year

For a child who has recently turned one year old, an approach based on the observance of the following rules is considered optimal:

• The texture of the dishes should continue to resemble mashed potatoes, but not homogeneous, but with small lumps.
• The established diet is adhered to without fail. If the baby receives food at the same time every day, this will ensure the timely production of enzymes in the right amount. As a result, the digestion process will take place clearly and without interruptions in the form of dyspeptic disorders.

Tip: It is strictly forbidden to feed your baby from your own plate, even if the dish is the same. In children, a year and a couple of months, the immune system is not yet strong enough to fight viruses and bacteria around them. Mothers who practice such feeding are often forced to then treat their children for colds and intestinal infections.

1. When drawing up a feeding schedule for a child, it must be remembered that in a year or two he can go to kindergarten. It will be good if this fact does not require a change in the established routine.
2. It is recommended to feed a baby at this age 4-5 times a day, while at one time he should consume no more than 200 ml of food (this volume corresponds to the volume of a child's stomach).
3. Breast milk is often included in the diet of a baby who is just one year old. It is important to remember that the use of this product is a separate meal, so you should not use the nutritious mass as a snack. It is better to use it to feed the baby in the morning or in the evening, otherwise you can ruin the baby's appetite.
4. The menu of formula-fed children implies the further use of adapted formulas during waking up and before going to bed. They can be gradually removed from the diet by replacing them with baby yogurt or kefir.

Observing these simple rules, you can count on a smooth transition of the baby from his usual products to "adult" dishes.

How to properly formulate the baby's diet?

After the children turn one year old, their menu is significantly expanded with new components. Parents should ensure that their baby's diet is varied and complete. It must include the following food products:

• Vegetables. Now the little one can use them boiled, stewed and raw. Zucchini, light pumpkin, beets, broccoli, cauliflower, potatoes and carrots are the basis of the diet. They are used to make mashed potatoes, soups and casseroles. The child can already be fed from the same pot with the rest of the family, but only if the broth was cooked from boneless meat (otherwise the first broth must be drained).
• Fruits and berries. These should be fruits that are traditional for a particular region. Additionally, it is allowed to include blueberries, bananas, plums in the menu.

• Porridge. For children who are one year old, these dishes can be the best option for breakfast or afternoon tea. In order to diversify the diet, they can be offered to the child as a dinner. Cereals need to be constantly alternated. Buckwheat, corn, oatmeal and rice are considered optimal at such a tender age. It is better to give up semolina and pearl barley for now.
• Protein. Has an increased nutritional value for small children, because saturates fabrics with building material. The food of the crumbs should consist of regular consumption of fish (twice a week), and on the rest of the days we evenly distribute meat and legumes. There are many proteins in milk and fermented milk products.
• Fats. Contrary to popular belief, this macronutrient should be present in the child's menu at a year and two months, the main thing is that the fats are correct. The optimal source of the substance will be sour cream, vegetable and butter.

At such a tender age, products with a large amount of aromatic herbs and aromatic spices are strictly prohibited. To enhance the taste, you can still use only basil, dill, parsley, rarely cinnamon. Products that include artificial ingredients will cause the child to become addicted and reject natural food, so any semi-finished products are prohibited.

Rules for developing a menu for every day

• For breakfast, cereals, meat, fish, cottage cheese, eggs, vegetables are ideal. Milk, herbal teas, fruit drinks can be used as liquid supplements.
• Lunch should include soup with meat or vegetable broth and a second course (meat or fish with a side dish). After the baby is one year old, a dessert is allowed in the form of a soufflé, mousse, fruit, compote or fruit drink.
• Salad as an appetizer is usually introduced no earlier than one and a half years.
• An afternoon snack can be represented by a liquid milk or sour milk dish with cookies or fruits.
• Children should receive the maximum part of the daily amount of protein in the morning, for breakfast and lunch.
• Dinner can be shaped in the same way as breakfast, but without excessive protein.
• There should be at least one hot meal in every baby feed.

When thinking about food for a child, one should not forget about his drinking regime. It is not necessary to limit your baby to clean water. In a year, children can already be given various decoctions, special teas and compotes. Each meal should end with fluid intake.

Simple and tasty menu for a child for 1 day

If we take into account all the above wishes and rules, then the child's diet will become complete, and his nutrition will be varied. An approximate menu for one day may look like this:

• Breakfast. Its basis will be 150 g of porridge from acceptable cereals, in addition we give rye bread with a thin layer of butter, and half a glass of milk.
• Second breakfast (can be a second dinner). We offer the baby one product to choose from: natural yogurt, kefir or milk - two-thirds of a glass.
• Dinner. Not more than 100 ml of vegetable or meat soup, two tablespoons of meat puree or chopped cutlets with a garnish of vegetables, cereals or pasta (in a slightly larger amount). For dessert, half a glass of fruit juice or not too concentrated compote.
• Afternoon snack. A tablespoon of grated cottage cheese with two tablespoons of fruit puree. Additionally, we offer two-thirds of a glass of milk or kefir with a small bun or baby biscuits.
• Dinner. For a child, 150 g of porridge or boiled grated vegetables and a third of a glass of tea with milk are enough. If it seems that the baby is not full and is capricious because of hunger, then we transfer the second breakfast and use it as a second dinner.

You should not try to diversify the diet of such young children with the help of gourmet dishes or exotic ingredients. Food should be as simple and traditional as possible. Otherwise, you will have to face the baby's refusal to eat, endless whims and indigestion.