The birth of a child with indeterminate external genitalia (genitals). How is a child of a certain gender formed? Determine the sex of the child by ovulation
In the past 30 years, pediatric urologists have noted a serious increase in the number of newborn boys with penis malformations, which are called hypospadias. If earlier such children were born in 1 out of 500 cases, now - in 1 out of 125-150! Due to a number of anatomical features, sometimes such boys are even mistaken for girls. And if the child does not undergo surgery on time, his future life will be ruined. What is the reason for the increase in the number of such anomalies?
It turns out that in the "hormonization" of society. A woman who took hormone pills or ate food grown on hormones, the chances of giving birth to such a child increases dramatically.
Hypospadias is characterized by an abnormal structure of the male genital organ, in which the opening of the urethra can be shifted down, even to the scrotum or even to the perineum. The organ itself may be underdeveloped, curved, small, thin, or adherent to the scrotum. It is because of this that it is not easy to determine the sex of such children at birth. Sometimes, as Sergei Zorkin, head of the urological department of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Scientific Center for Children's Health" of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Sergey Zorkin, told MK, only a complex genetic analysis can put an end to this issue. “In some cases, the penis can be a hypertrophied clitoris. And here it is important to understand who is in front of us - a boy or a girl, ”says Zorkin. He notes that many women today drink hormonal contraceptives, eat meat or poultry grown on hormones, take hormone therapy during pregnancy ...
“This leads to the birth of such children, because hypospadias is a slight violation of the formation of sex,” the doctor explains. Today, this problem is detected in infancy and, as a rule, does not pass into adulthood, but his colleague, Asaad Matar, head of the Department of Pediatric Urology-Andrology of the Moscow Research Institute of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery, had a curious case in practice. At the age of 12, the boy suddenly began ... menstruation. Subsequently, it turned out that this is not his only female sign - there is also a uterus and appendages. But the parents refused to change the sex of the child. Doctors had to remove the female genital organs from the child and insert silicone prostheses into the scrotum ...
According to Razmik Keshishyan, deputy chief physician for the medical department of the Research Institute of Emergency Children's Surgery and Traumatology, the treatment of such an anomaly is exclusively surgical. The operation should not only restore normal urination (although it is not always possible to move the hole back into place!), but also in some cases - reproductive function. About 300 different surgical techniques with varying degrees of effectiveness are known in the world. Some operations lead to complications in 50% of cases (and these are penis curvature, fistulas, etc.). “It's not uncommon for children to have to undergo repeated surgeries, and some boys endure 15-16 surgeries,” says Zorkin.
Pediatric andrologist surgeons were able to get acquainted with one of the advanced techniques during an international master class by German professor Ahmed Hadidi, the author of the only foreign monograph on hypospadias. For three days in Moscow, the master performed more than a dozen surgical corrections for Russian boys aged 8 months to 3 years.
The specialty "pediatric urology-andrology" appeared in Russia only five years ago - due to the deteriorating demographic situation in the country. Raising the reproductive level of boys is one of the priority tasks of our health care.
The year 2017 will also be remembered for the fact that members of the LGBT communities have made serious progress in the struggle for their own rights. The greatest success was achieved by transgender people who began to have children en masse.
Tolerance is, of course, very good and right, but everything should have some kind of limit. Undoubtedly, transgender people are the same individuals as other people, and if they are not actively promoting their choice, then there is no reason to hate or fear them.
In November, a couple from Wisconsin, USA, had a baby, and everything would be fine, but the parents are somewhat unusual. A child has a father and another father who is also a mother.
The fact is that the child was born and carried by a man, Casey Sullivan, who was a woman five years ago. Moreover, a married woman with a young son.
For the first time, Casey realized that he was a man at the age of four. For this, since childhood, he suffered humiliation from his peers. He grew up, got married and even gave birth to a child, but this did not affect his internal contradictions.
“Throughout the pregnancy, I prayed to get in touch with my femininity, to accept what was happening to my body, but I could not. I was desperate, I wanted to die. I was as if in darkness and I was afraid that the darkness would capture my child too. But at that moment, when they gave it to me to hold, grace descended on me. I loved him more than anyone, I felt responsible.
But four months after the birth of Grayson, as his son was named, Casey declared himself transgender. This was followed by a series of quarrels and a divorce, almost all friends and acquaintances turned away from him. The son now lives with his father, but Casey often meets with him and takes part in the upbringing.
In 2014, the transgender began a course of hormone therapy and managed to grow a beard when he met Stephen, with whom they formed a couple. And in 2016, they decided to have a baby, for which Casey had to stop using hormones.
The birth took place in November, but the parents kept it a secret. Later, Casey himself said that he had to do a caesarean section, but everything is fine with the child, he is absolutely healthy. The weight of the baby is almost 4 kilograms.
The child was named Phoenix, but the baby's gender is unknown. The parents themselves said that they would raise him gender-neutral, not using the pronouns “he” or “she” until the child himself decides on the gender.
“I am convinced that pregnancy is not an exclusively female function, I do not support this division of roles based on sex. The idea of pregnancy did not frighten me, and because of pregnancy I did not feel less courageous at all, ”- Casey completely rejects gender roles.
To be honest, it all looks like a prequel to some kind of utopia / dystopia about a future humanity without sex, gender, and everything that follows from this. It also resembles the Moklan race from Seth MacFarlane's popular TV series The Orville. In general, I mean that everything that happens is much more like a fantasy novel, and not something from real life.
The year 2017 will also be remembered for the fact that members of the LGBT communities have made serious progress in the struggle for their own rights. The greatest success was achieved by transgender people who began to have children en masse.
Tolerance is, of course, very good and right, but everything should have some kind of limit. Undoubtedly, transgender people are the same individuals as other people, and if they are not actively promoting their choice, then there is no reason to hate or fear them.
In November, a couple from Wisconsin, USA, had a baby, and everything would be fine, but the parents are somewhat unusual. A child has a father and another father who is also a mother.
The fact is that the child was born and carried by a man, Casey Sullivan, who was a woman five years ago. Moreover, a married woman with a young son.
For the first time, Casey realized that he was a man at the age of four. For this, since childhood, he suffered humiliation from his peers. He grew up, got married and even gave birth to a child, but this did not affect his internal contradictions.
“Throughout the pregnancy, I prayed to get in touch with my femininity, to accept what was happening to my body, but I could not. I was desperate, I wanted to die. I was as if in darkness and I was afraid that the darkness would capture my child too. But at that moment, when they gave it to me to hold, grace descended on me. I loved him more than anyone, I felt responsible.
But four months after the birth of Grayson, as his son was named, Casey declared himself transgender. This was followed by a series of quarrels and a divorce, almost all friends and acquaintances turned away from him. The son now lives with his father, but Casey often meets with him and takes part in the upbringing.
In 2014, the transgender began a course of hormone therapy and managed to grow a beard when he met Stephen, with whom they formed a couple. And in 2016, they decided to have a baby, for which Casey had to stop using hormones.
The birth took place in November, but the parents kept it a secret. Later, Casey himself said that he had to do a caesarean section, but everything is fine with the child, he is absolutely healthy. The weight of the baby is almost 4 kilograms.
The child was named Phoenix, but the baby's gender is unknown. The parents themselves said that they would raise him gender-neutral, not using the pronouns “he” or “she” until the child himself decides on the gender.
“I am convinced that pregnancy is not an exclusively female function, I do not support this division of roles based on sex. The idea of pregnancy did not frighten me, and because of pregnancy I did not feel less courageous at all, ”- Casey completely rejects gender roles.
To be honest, it all looks like a prequel to some kind of utopia / dystopia about a future humanity without sex, gender, and everything that follows from this. It also resembles the Moklan race from Seth MacFarlane's popular TV series The Orville. In general, I mean that everything that happens is much more like a fantasy novel, and not something from real life.
Events
Germany became the first European country to recognize the "indeterminate" gender of the child. The authorities of the country allowed to register children born with signs of both sexes, as "indeterminate" gender, and not, as usual, "male" or "female".
The new decree, which came into force on November 1, was the result of the struggle of some public organizations that advocate for the rights of the so-called hermaphrodite people to be better protected.
hermaphrodite man
Currently, in the passports of German citizens, the letters "F" for females and "M" for males appear in the "gender" column. According to the representative of the internal affairs, in the near future for gender will appear the third designation is "X". It is this letter that will be entered in the "sex" column if the newborn has binary sexual characteristics.
The new law reads as follows: “If at birth doctors find it difficult to determine the sex of the child, the baby should be registered in this way, marking its gender as “indeterminate”.
indeterminate gender
According to statistics, every year in Germany, at least 150 children - hermaphrodites with pronounced binary sexual characteristics, as well as 8,000-10,000 children who have certain deviations from the generally accepted characteristics that determine the sex of the child.
How to determine the gender of the unborn child?Professor of Bremen University Konstanze Plett (Konstanze Plett) in an interview noted that for the first time the law recognized the existence of people who can be classified as both female and male at the same time.
Experts say that in fact, the number of hermaphrodites is much higher than the government estimates. Usually, these people have problems both in terms of health and social life.
New law in Germany
According to Professor Plett, starting from the first of November, it will be possible to officially register people "without sex" in Germany, because hermaphrodites cannot be assigned to either of the two socially accepted genders.
third floor
The creation of the so-called third gender complicate German marriage and partnership laws, which are designed exclusively for men and women. The German Ethics Council will consider all the possible consequences of the adopted law.
Silvan Agius, a Brussels-based gender equality specialist, says this is a clear breakthrough in the field, but looks forward to further developments with interest.
10 pregnancy mythsBy passing such a law, the German Ministry of the Interior gave the opportunity and time to the parents of intersex children to follow their further development and decide after which gender to choose for the child.
It is worth adding that in Australia, for example, the law on "indeterminate sex" has been in force since 2011.
Animals are hermaphrodites
Hermaphroditism is a very common phenomenon in the plant and animal world. Mushrooms, algae, as well as some flowering plants, are characterized by the presence of male and female sexual characteristics in the body at the same time. As a rule, all higher plants are hermaphrodites.
In representatives of the flora, hermaphroditism occurs among the following species:
1. Coelenterates
2. Most flatworms
3. Annelids and roundworms
4. Crustaceans (barnacles)
5. Some insects (coccids)
6. Shellfish
Some fish species are also hermaphrodites. We are talking mainly about those fish that live in coral reefs.
As soon as a woman finds out about a long-awaited pregnancy, she immediately has many questions, one of which ishow to find out the sex of the unborn child? Today, many new ways to study expectant mothers have appeared, but the question of how to determine the sex of a child in the first weeks (or even in the first days) of pregnancy remains open.
Which of them are considered the most effective and what are they based on?
How is a child of a certain gender formed?
To answer this question, you have to remember the school biology course. A woman's egg carries the X chromosome, and male spermatozoa carry X or Y. If the egg is fertilized by the Y chromosome, then in due time the couple will have a boy, and if X, a girl can be expected.
It is difficult to predict this natural process in advance, calculate the sex of the child or influence it in any way, therefore, in the first weeks after conception, determining the sex of the child remains a mystery to both future parents and doctors.
What affects the gender of the baby?
There are many theories about the influence of various factors on the formation of the sex of the child, but so far none of them has found 100% confirmation. For example, there is a statement that the future sex of the child depends on the weight of the mother and her nutrition.
According to some studies, women who weigh less than 54 kilograms are more likely to give birth to girls, and fatter women mostly have boys. Indeed, the development of the male body requires a little more nutrients than the female, but the weight of the expectant mother still cannot be a guarantee of the birth of a child of a certain gender - there are a lot of cases when small, fragile girls successfully give birth to boys.
The same applies to theories regarding the age of future parents: hormonal changes that occur in the human body over the years can affect the sex of the embryo, but are not a determining factor.
Other studies say thatcalculate the sex of the babycan be done with a specific diet. So, in order to give birth to a girl, expectant mothers need magnesium and calcium, that is, eggs, onions, dairy products, nuts, etc. But you can “order” a boy with the help of products such as fish, meat, legumes and fruits - that is, those that contain sodium and potassium.
In addition, acidic foods and drinks (in particular, natural fruit juices without sugar) are considered quite an effective tool in planning the sex of a future baby: nutritionists advise women who want to conceive a girl to regularly use them immediately before conception. This fact has a completely scientific justification - thanks to acidic foods, the environment in the vagina also becomes acidic, which is why spermatozoa with the Y chromosome quickly die.
But in any case, the fundamental role inplanning the sex of the unborn childonly Mother Nature plays, and future parents are unable to influence her decision. The only thing they can do is try to determine the sex of the child before birth, using existing methods and techniques for this.
Methods for determining the sex of the baby
Ultrasound is considered the most accessible way to determine the sex of a child today, but the problem is that this can only be done at a specific time (approximately after the 16-17th week of pregnancy). But what to do if for some reason it needs to be recognized earlier? It is practically impossible to do this in advance with a 100% probability today, so scientists do not stop trying to find a technique that will allow not only to calculate the sex of the child immediately after conception, but also to plan it in advance.
The most popular and effective are severaltests to determine the sex of the child, which are based on different factors: the blood of the parents, the date of conception and special tables (Japanese and Chinese). You can test each of them in practice and make sure of their reliability below.
Determination of the sex of the child by blood renewal
Ways to determine the sex of a child by the blood of the parents have been known to scientists for a long time, and one of them is based on the date of blood renewal. There is an opinion that a complete renewal of blood, mucous membranes and tissues regularly occurs in the body of each person, and in men the frequency of this process is four years, and in women of the opposite sex - three. That is, if at the time of conception the woman’s blood is “younger” than the man’s, the couple will have a girl, and if vice versa, then a boy.
It is rather difficult to say anything about the reliability of this method, since according to some data it “works” in 80% of cases, and according to others - in 50%. But experts say that if the calculations are made correctly, the couple has every chance of getting an answer to their question with a fairly high probability.
To calculategender of the child by blood renewalyou need to know the date of conception of the baby, as well as the dates of birth of the future father and mother. However, it is important to remember that there are many factors that can speed up the process of blood renewal: these include transfusions, operations, major blood loss or donation. In this case, the countdown should start not from the date of birth, but from the day when the last major blood loss occurred.
Determination of the sex of the child by the blood group of the parents
The method is based on the theory that the blood types of the future father and mother have a great influence on the formation of the sex of the baby. In other words, a woman and a man with certain blood types are more likely to have a child of a certain gender. Of course, this method has the right to exist, but its reliability is subject to great criticism.
The problem is that the table for determining the sex of a child by blood implies one result for one pair of parents, but after all, each of us knows cases when children of different sexes grow up in one family.
Determination of the sex of the child by the Rh factor of the parents
To determine the sex of the baby in this way, it is enough to compare the Rh factors of his parents. It’s easier than ever to do this: if the rhesus match, then the couple will have a girl, and if the indicators are different, a boy.
True, as in the case of the calculation of sex by blood type, the reliability of the result can be strongly doubted, because he claims that a particular couple can have either one boy or one girl.
Determination of the sex of the child according to the Chinese table
This technique does not have any scientific justification, and it is based on the observations and practical experience of several generations of Chinese at once. He says that a woman at a certain age can conceive or give birth to a boy or a girl only in certain months of the year.
According to researchers, the first mention of the method dates back to the 12th century, anddetermining the sex of the child according to the tablehelped many monarchs from the Celestial Empire to plan the gender of their heirs. Howfind out the sex of the child according to the table?
Very simple - you need to know the month of birth of the expectant mother, as well as the month of conception or the expected birth of the baby. By the way, modern parents also talk about its high efficiency of the Chinese table - according to the estimates of couples who used this method, the probability of getting the correct result is about 90%.
To determine the sex of the expected baby according to the Chinese table, simply find the corresponding cell in the table - the intersection of the line of your age and the column - the month of conception.
Interestingly, with the help of this table, you can also plan the gender of the child. In the row corresponding to your age, select the months in which the appearance of a boy or a girl is most likely. Subtract 9 months from the selected month, and you will get the estimated month of conception.
| Age mother at conception, years |
Month of conception | |||||||||||
| Jan I | 2 Feb | III
March |
IV Apr | V May | June VI | VII
July |
VIII
aug |
IX Sep | X oct | 11 Nov | XII
dec |
|
| 18 | D | M | D | M | M | M | M | M | M | M | M | M |
| 19 | M | D | M | D | M | M | M | M | M | D | M | D |
| 20 | D | M | D | M | M | M | M | M | M | D | M | M |
| 21 | M | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D |
| 22 | D | M | M | D | M | D | D | M | D | D | D | D |
| 23 | M | M | D | M | M | D | M | D | M | M | M | D |
| 24 | M | D | M | M | D | M | M | D | D | D | D | D |
| 25 | D | M | M | D | D | M | D | M | M | M | M | M |
| 26 | M | D | M | D | D | M | D | M | D | D | D | D |
| 27 | D | M | D | M | D | D | M | M | M | M | D | M |
| 28 | M | D | M | D | D | D | M | M | M | M | D | D |
| 29 | D | M | D | D | M | M | D | D | D | M | M | M |
| 30 | M | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | M | M |
| 31 | M | D | M | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | M |
| 32 | M | D | M | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | M |
| 33 | D | M | D | M | D | D | D | M | D | D | D | M |
| 34 | D | D | M | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | M | M |
| 35 | M | M | D | M | D | D | D | M | D | D | M | M |
| 36 | D | M | M | D | M | D | D | D | M | M | M | M |
| 37 | M | D | M | M | D | M | D | M | D | M | D | M |
| 38 | D | M | D | M | M | D | M | D | M | D | M | D |
| 39 | M | D | M | M | M | D | D | M | D | D | D | D |
| 40 | D | M | D | M | D | M | M | D | M | D | M | D |
| 41 | M | D | M | D | M | D | M | M | D | M | D | M |
| 42 | D | M | D | M | D | M | D | M | M | D | M | D |
| 43 | M | D | M | D | M | D | M | D | M | M | M | M |
| 44 | M | M | D | M | M | M | D | M | D | M | D | D |
| 45 | D | M | M | D | D | D | M | D | M | D | M | M |
Determination of the sex of the child according to the Japanese table
Determining the sex of a child according to the Japanese calendar, which came to us from the Land of the Rising Sun, is very similar to the definition according to the Chinese table, and is also based solely on practical observations. The difference between them is that the first takes into account not only information about the mother and the month of conception (or the expected month of the birth of the child), but also the date of birth of the father. Thus, the Chinese methodology can be called more flexible and, accordingly, more reliable.
The only problem that some couples may face is the difficulty in determining the month of conception. For example, if a woman ovulated on the 31st, then conception is highly likely to occur on the 1st and 2nd of the next month, because the life of spermatozoa is from 3 to 5 days. The accuracy of the method according to various data is from 70 to 90%.
To determine the sex of the unborn child according to the Japanese table, you need to find the number corresponding to your couple in table 1. Then we find this number in the top row of table 2. In the column of the corresponding number we find the month in which the conception occurred. Moving along this line to the middle of the table, we determine the probability of having a boy or a girl by the number of crosses - the more there are, the greater the probability.
Table 1.
|
Month of birth |
Birth month of the future father |
|||||||||||
|
Jan |
Feb |
mar |
Apr |
May |
june |
july |
aug |
sep |
oct |
but I |
dec |
|
table 2
| M | D | ||||||||||||
| Jan | |||||||||||||
| Jan | Feb |
x x x x x x |
|||||||||||
| Jan | Feb | mar | |||||||||||
| Jan | Feb | mar | Apr | ||||||||||
| Jan | Feb | mar | Apr | May | |||||||||
| Jan | Feb | mar | Apr | May | june | ||||||||
| Feb | mar | Apr | May | june | july | ||||||||
| mar | Apr | May | june | july | aug | Jan | |||||||
| Apr | May | june | july | aug | sep | Jan | Feb | ||||||
| May | june | july | aug | sep | oct |
x x x x x x x x x x |
Jan | Feb | mar | ||||
| june | july | aug | sep | oct | but I | Jan | Feb | mar | Apr | ||||
| july | aug | sep | oct | but I | dec | Jan | Feb | mar | Apr | May | |||
| aug | sep | oct | but I | dec | Jan | Feb | mar | Apr | May | june | |||
| sep | oct | but I | dec |
x x x x x |
Feb | mar | Apr | May | june | july | |||
| oct | but I | dec |
x x x x x x x x x |
mar | Apr | May | june | july | aug | ||||
| but I | dec | Apr | May | june | july | aug | sep | ||||||
| dec | May | june | july | aug | sep | oct | |||||||
| june | july | aug | sep | oct | but I | ||||||||
| july | aug | sep | oct | but I | dec | ||||||||
| aug | sep | oct | but I | dec | |||||||||
| sep | oct | but I | dec | ||||||||||
|
x x x x x x x x |
oct | but I | dec | ||||||||||
|
x x x x x |
but I | dec | |||||||||||
| dec |
Determination of the sex of the child by the date of ovulation or the date of conception
Every woman knows that conception can only occur on certain days of the month: on average, these are two days before ovulation, ovulation itself and two days after it. A technique that allowscalculate the sex of the child by the date of conception(more precisely, the date of ovulation), is based on the "behavior" and features of the X and Y chromosomes.
According to studies, “girlish” spermatozoa (that is, carriers of the X chromosome) are rather slow, but at the same time more tenacious, so they can stay in the uterus from 2 to 4 days and calmly “wait” for ovulation. But spermatozoa with the Y sign, on the contrary, are very mobile, but their lifespan is very short.
That is, if sexual intercourse occurred 2-4 days before ovulation, then there is a high probability that the couple will have a girl, and if exactly on the day of ovulation (or immediately after it), a boy can be expected.
Method for determining the sex of the child Freiman-Dobrotin
Quite a complicated calculation. But it is considered one of the most accurate. It's good that we have a calculator)
Tables: O - father and M - mother
First, in table O1, we find the intersection of the year of birth of the father and the year of conception of the child, remember or write the number into the intersection.
And so on all the tables from the first to the fifth number.
Then we skaldivat the received numbers and according to the table O6 we find the final coefficient.
Similarly, we do all the actions for the mother according to tables M1-M6
In the end, we look at who has a higher final coefficient, if mom has a girl, if dad has a boy. If both are equal to zero - there will be a girl
Tables for father
Table O1
| Father's year of birth | Year of conception | ||
| 1990 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005 2008 2011 2014 |
1991 1994 1997 2000 2003 2006 2009 2012 2015 |
1992 1995 1998 2001 2004 2007 2010 2013 2016 |
|
| 1944, 1960, 1976, 1992 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 1945, 1961, 1977, 1993 | 3 | 0 | 1 |
| 1946, 1962, 1978, 1994 | 2 | 3 | 0 |
| 1947, 1963, 1979, 1995 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 1948, 1964, 1980, 1996 | 3 | 0 | 1 |
| 1949, 1965, 1981, 1997 | 2 | 3 | 0 |
| 1950, 1966, 1982, 1998 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 1951, 1967, 1983, 1999 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 1952, 1968, 1984, 2000 | 2 | 3 | 0 |
| 1953, 1969, 1985, 2001 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 1954, 1970, 1986, 2002 | 0 | 1 | 3 |
| 1955, 1971, 1987, 2003 | 3 | 0 | 1 |
| 1956, 1972, 1988, 2004 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 1957, 1973, 1989, 2005 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 1958, 1974, 1990, 2006 | 3 | 0 | 1 |
| 1959, 1975, 1991, 2007 | 2 | 3 | 0 |
Table O2
| Year/Month of birth of the father |
Jan | Feb | mar | Apr | May | june | july | aug | sep | oct | but I | dec |
| usual | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 0 |
| leap year | 3 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 0 |
Table O3
| Father's birth month 31 days | ||||||||
| 1 | 5 | 9 | 13 | 17 | 21 | 25 | 29 | 2 |
| 2 | 6 | 10 | 14 | 18 | 22 | 26 | 30 | 1 |
| 3 | 7 | 11 | 15 | 19 | 23 | 27 | 31 | 0 |
| 4 | 8 | 12 | 16 | 20 | 24 | 28 | 3 | |
| Father's birth month 30 days | ||||||||
| 1 | 5 | 9 | 13 | 17 | 21 | 25 | 29 | 1 |
| 2 | 6 | 10 | 14 | 18 | 22 | 26 | 30 | 0 |
| 3 | 7 | 11 | 15 | 19 | 23 | 27 | 3 | |
| 4 | 8 | 12 | 16 | 20 | 24 | 28 | 2 | |
| Father's birth month 29 days | ||||||||
| 1 | 5 | 9 | 13 | 17 | 21 | 25 | 29 | 0 |
| 2 | 6 | 10 | 14 | 18 | 22 | 26 | 3 | |
| 3 | 7 | 11 | 15 | 19 | 23 | 27 | 2 | |
| 4 | 8 | 12 | 16 | 20 | 24 | 28 | 1 | |
| Father's birth month 28 days | ||||||||
| 1 | 5 | 9 | 13 | 17 | 21 | 25 | 3 | |
| 2 | 6 | 10 | 14 | 18 | 22 | 26 | 2 | |
| 3 | 7 | 11 | 15 | 19 | 23 | 27 | 1 | |
| 4 | 8 | 12 | 16 | 20 | 24 | 28 | 0 | |
Table O4
| Year/Month of conception | I | II | III | IV | V | VI | VII | VIII | IX | X | XI | XII |
| usual | 0 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| leap year | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
Table O5
| day of conception | ||||||||
| 1 | 5 | 9 | 13 | 17 | 21 | 25 | 29 | 1 |
| 2 | 6 | 10 | 14 | 18 | 22 | 26 | 30 | 2 |
| 3 | 7 | 11 | 15 | 19 | 23 | 27 | 31 | 3 |
| 4 | 8 | 12 | 16 | 20 | 24 | 28 | 4 | |
Table O6 - final coefficient for the father
| Sum O1-O5 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 |
| Coefficient | 0 | 3 | 6 | 9 | 0 | 3 | 6 | 9 | 0 | 3 | 6 | 9 | 0 | 3 | 6 | 9 |
Mother's Tables
Table M1
| Mother's year of birth | Year of conception | |||
| 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014 |
1991 1995 1999 2003 2007 2011 2015 |
1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 |
1993 1997 2001 2005 2009 2013 2017 |
|
| 1944, 1960, 1976, 1992 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| 1945, 1961, 1977, 1993 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 1946, 1962, 1978, 1994 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 1947, 1963, 1979, 1995 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 1948, 1964, 1980, 1996 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| 1949, 1965, 1981, 1997 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 1950, 1966, 1982, 1998 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 1951, 1967, 1983, 1999 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 1952, 1968, 1984, 2000 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| 1953, 1969, 1985, 2001 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 1954, 1970, 1986, 2002 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 1955, 1971, 1987, 2003 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 1956, 1972, 1988, 2004 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| 1957, 1973, 1989, 2005 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 1958, 1974, 1990, 2006 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 1959, 1975, 1991, 2007 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Table M2
Table M3
| There are 31 days in the mother's birth month | |||||||||||
| 1 | 4 | 7 | 10 | 13 | 16 | 19 | 22 | 25 | 28 | 31 | 0 |
| 2 | 5 | 8 | 11 | 14 | 17 | 20 | 23 | 26 | 29 | 2 | |
| 3 | 6 | 9 | 12 | 15 | 18 | 21 | 24 | 27 | 30 | 1 | |
| Mother's birth month 30 days | |||||||||||
| 1 | 4 | 7 | 10 | 13 | 16 | 19 | 22 | 25 | 28 | 1 | |
| 2 | 5 | 8 | 11 | 14 | 17 | 20 | 23 | 26 | 29 | 2 | |
| 3 | 6 | 9 | 12 | 15 | 18 | 21 | 24 | 27 | 30 | 0 | |
| Mother's birth month 29 days | |||||||||||
| 1 | 4 | 7 | 10 | 13 | 16 | 19 | 22 | 25 | 28 | 1 | |
| 2 | 5 | 8 | 11 | 14 | 17 | 20 | 23 | 26 | 29 | 0 | |
| 3 | 6 | 9 | 12 | 15 | 18 | 21 | 24 | 27 | 2 | ||
| Mother's birth month 28 days | |||||||||||
| 1 | 4 | 7 | 10 | 13 | 16 | 19 | 22 | 25 | 28 | 0 | |
| 2 | 5 | 8 | 11 | 14 | 17 | 20 | 23 | 26 | 2 | ||
| 3 | 6 | 9 | 12 | 15 | 18 | 21 | 24 | 27 | 1 | ||
Table M4
| Year/Month of conception | I | II | III | IV | V | VI | VII | VIII | IX | X | XI | XII |
| usual | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| leap year | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 |
Table M5
| day of conception | |||||||||||
| 1 | 4 | 7 | 10 | 13 | 16 | 19 | 22 | 25 | 28 | 31 | 1 |
| 2 | 5 | 8 | 11 | 14 | 17 | 20 | 23 | 26 | 29 | 2 | |
| 3 | 6 | 9 | 12 | 15 | 18 | 21 | 24 | 27 | 30 | 0 | |
Table M6 - total coefficient for the mother
| Amount M1-M5 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Coefficient | 0 | 4 | 8 | 0 | 4 | 8 | 0 | 4 | 8 | 0 | 4 |
Determining the sex of a child using the Budyansky method
Calculation method:
1. If you use the mother's date of birth in the calculations, then you need to determine her approximate date of conception. To do this, subtract 9 months (approximately 226 days) from the mother's date of birth.
Next, you need to determine the even year of the mother's conception or odd.
Next, in the table, find the type of mother's cycle: in the first column, look for a suitable month for the mother's conception, and look for an intersection with the type of year (even or odd) - at the intersection will be the type of mother's cycle.
2. According to the preliminary date of conception of the child, do the same actions as the mother. Determine the parity of the year of conception of the child, look in the first column for a suitable date range in which conception is planned and at the intersection of the type of year of conception and the date of conception, the type of the child's cycle will be indicated.
If the cycle type of the mother and the type of the child's cycle are the same, then there will be a girl, if they differ, then there will be a boy.
Table of the Budiansky method
| Menstrual months | Odd year of conception | Even year of conception |
| a type | a type | |
| January 1 - January 28 | odd | honest |
| January 29 - February 25 | honest | odd |
| February 26 - March 25 | odd | honest |
| March 26 - April 22 | honest | odd |
| April 23 - May 20 | odd | honest |
| May 21 — June 17 | honest | odd |
| June 18 - July 15 | odd | honest |
| July 16 - August 12 | honest | odd |
| August 13 - September 9 | odd | honest |
| September 10 - October 7 | honest | odd |
| October 8 - November 4 | odd | honest |
| November 5 - December 2 | honest | odd |
| December 3 - December 31 | honest | honest |
Is it possible to predict the sex of a child with 100% probability?
Unfortunately, none of the methods listed above can give a 100% accurate result. Even specialists in ultrasound diagnostics sometimes make mistakes: for example, the fetus can turn so that it will be very problematic to determine the sex of the child.
In addition, until the 18th week of pregnancy, the male and female genital organs are very similar, so even an experienced doctor can confuse them.
There are only two ways to find out exactly the gender of the child:
- ECO. When conducting in vitro (artificial) fertilization, doctors usually determine the sex of the embryo before transplanting it into the uterus. But doing such a study only at the request of parents in most countries is considered unethical, so it is carried out only in order to exclude genetic pathologies that are characteristic of men and women.
- Intrauterine Tests. Most often, they include amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling and are performed between the 15-18th and 11-14th weeks of pregnancy, respectively. But since these tests carry some risk, they are also carried out only in