How to get rid of cystitis during pregnancy. Cystitis during pregnancy: cure and prevent recurrence

24.08.2019

Many women face the problem of cystitis during pregnancy. According to some reports, from 10 to 50% of expectant mothers are prone to this pathology.

Due to the anatomical proximity of the organs of the urinary and reproductive systems in women, the infection can very easily spread from the bladder through the urethra, external genitalia (vulva) to the area of the vagina and uterus, where the fetus is located. The situation is greatly aggravated by the decrease in the immune defense of women. As a result, cystitis during pregnancy can threaten the well-being of not only the mother, but also the small developing organism.

Causes of cystitis during pregnancy

The causes of cystitis during pregnancy are pathogenic microorganisms that actively multiply and lead to inflammatory changes in the bladder.

Before pregnancy, some of them could be in the body of a woman, however, thanks to the immune system, they did not lead to the development of the disease. During this critical period, the mother's defenses are significantly reduced so that the child can fully develop, which leads to the activation of the so-called conditionally pathogenic microflora.

However, in some cases, cystitis in pregnant women is the result of infection from the outside. Therefore, a special role must be given to the prevention and treatment of sexually transmitted infections not only during pregnancy, but also before it.

In addition, factors contributing to the development of inflammation of the bladder during pregnancy are:

Anatomical features of the female body. The urethra in the fairer sex is much shorter than in men. It is also larger in diameter. This contributes to the free and rapid penetration of pathogenic microflora from the vulva into the urethra and bladder. Also near the outlet of the urethra is the opening of the vagina and rectum. If there is an infection in these organs, it can easily penetrate into the bladder;
Previous surgical operations on the organs of the genitourinary system, in particular on the bladder, as well as injuries to these anatomical structures;
Circulatory disorders and congestion in the pelvic organs caused by excessive pressure of the pregnant uterus, which is especially pronounced in the later stages;
Hormonal changes. Due to the fact that the child is “alien” to the mother’s body (since it has a different set of genes), nature has provided for an increased release of hormones that are responsible for reducing the woman’s immune defenses so that the fetus has the opportunity to fully develop;
Past gynecological, venereal or urological diseases inflammatory nature, especially if they were not cured before pregnancy;
Excessive hygiene. During pregnancy, women secrete more secretions from the genitals and, therefore, there is a desire to wash more often than usual. The use of hygiene products in case of regular use can provoke a violation of the normal microflora, which will lead to the development of dysbacteriosis, candidiasis of the genital organs. This fact greatly increases the risk of cystitis.

Symptoms of cystitis during pregnancy

Symptoms of cystitis during pregnancy are:

Frequent urination. When an infection enters the bladder, the body does its best to eliminate it, which is clinically manifested by frequent urge to urinate. A woman has to get up even at night and more than once to go to the toilet. In severe cases, urges may occur every 10 minutes. However, the portion of urine for each urination is very small. Due to the frequent occurrence of this symptomatology in most of the fairer sex, many women consider cystitis an integral sign of pregnancy;
Imperative (false) urge to urinate. One of the most typical signs of cystitis, both in early pregnancy and on the eve of childbirth, is the presence of false urges. They are manifested by an acute desire to urinate, but are not accompanied by urination. These urges deprive a woman of rest, not allowing her to fully relax at night;
Pain and burning during urination. These unpleasant symptoms appear with every act of urination, especially at the end of it;
Change in color of urine. If there is blood in the urine, or rather red blood cells, then its color becomes dark. If the inflammation is purulent in nature, then the urine becomes cloudy, which is due to the admixture of protein, leukocytes, and pus in it.

Treatment of cystitis during pregnancy should be carried out exclusively by a doctor.

The correct answer to how to treat cystitis during pregnancy can only be given by a doctor. To eliminate pathogenic microflora, it is necessary to take an antibiotic. However not every drug is suitable for a future mother, since, penetrating into the blood, it can enter the cells of the growing fetus and cause irreversible changes.

As for herbal preparations for the treatment of cystitis in pregnant women, in this case do not fully rely on the safety of natural components, since in some cases the illiterate use of homeopathic medicines can also harm the health of the unborn baby.

Has been widely adopted method of administering drugs by means of instillations (infusions) into the bladder. This treatment option excludes a pronounced systemic effect on the mother's body, and, consequently, the child, but has good clinical efficacy.

Medications from cystitis during pregnancy should be combined with, which involves limiting spicy and spicy foods, as well as drinking plenty of water to speed up the removal of infection from the bladder.

Complications of cystitis during pregnancy

The consequences of cystitis during pregnancy can be very diverse.

However, pyelonephritis is the most common complication- the spread of infection in the kidney. Cystitis can be complicated both at the beginning of pregnancy and in the later stages.

Prevention of cystitis during pregnancy

Pregnant women need to know basics of cystitis prevention:

One must learn not to endure and empty the bladder as soon as the desire arises;
Be sure to follow the rules of personal hygiene. However, hygienic detergents should not be used frequently. Preference should be given to simple washing with warm water.
It is necessary to exclude hypothermia. In autumn and winter, it is advisable to wear outerwear that completely covers the lumbar region, and it is better to forget about short jackets.

Restrictions should also apply to the diet. It is advisable to completely abandon spicy, spicy and fried foods, but it is better to drink more liquids. And of course, you need to worry as little as possible and rest more often.

Approximate reading time: 12 minutes

In the early stages pregnancy characterized by pain, which can be of a different nature. It ranges from moderate pain in the lower abdomen and mild soreness at the end of urination to severe pain with urinary incontinence. The urge to urinate becomes frequent with the release of a small amount of urine.

Many expectant mothers are faced with an unpleasant urological disease "cystitis". Among other troubles, frequent urination and painful urination darken the joy of motherhood for patients, and the disease itself is fraught with serious complications from the genitourinary system.

The disease requires timely and serious treatment, so most women have a question: “How to treat cystitis during pregnancy so that it does not harm the baby?”.

The essence of the disease and the symptoms of cystitis

Cystitis, in fact, is an inflammatory process of the mucous membranes of the bladder, which leads to its dysfunction. Inflammation is provoked by external factors (hypothermia, malnutrition, poor-quality regular hygiene, hormonal system disorders, etc.), as well as bacterial microflora. In pregnant women, the appearance of the disease is also facilitated by weakened immunity, general weakness of the body, lack of micro- and macroelements and vitamins.

The main danger of the disease is the lack of timely treatment or self-medication without contacting a specialist. A complication of cystitis is kidney damage and disruption of the entire genitourinary system, which is extremely dangerous for a pregnant woman. Launched inflammatory processes can provoke premature birth, as well as the birth of a baby with a lack of body weight and growth.

How to treat pregnant cystitis will depend on the symptoms of the disease. As a rule, the symptoms are pronounced even before the first tests and tests.

If cystitis gave complications to the genitourinary system and kidneys, the following symptoms additionally appear:

hyperthermia (38°C and above);
regular aching pain in the lumbar and pelvic region;
sharp colic in the side;
fever;
eating disorders (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea);
lack of appetite;
general weakness.

Why does cystitis occur?

Cystitis in pregnant women can appear for a variety of reasons.

The infectious form is caused by Escherichia coli and other bacteria. This is facilitated by the natural structure of the woman's urethra (too short and located next to the anus). Bacteria penetrate the canal with insufficient hygiene in this area, as well as during sexual intercourse.

In the early stages, the cause of the disease can be immunosuppression - suppression of the immunity of the expectant mother, as well as hormonal disorders. Pathogenic microflora actively reproduces and develops, causing inflammatory processes in various organs and systems.

There are also rarer non-infectious forms of the disease associated with taking certain medications, allergies, hypothermia, etc. Drugs that cause the disease are absorbed into the urine and excreted through it from the body, irritating the delicate mucous membrane of the bladder. Allergies can occur as a result of a reaction to cosmetic products (intimate lubricant, bath foam, intimate hygiene products, etc.), hygiene products (pads, tampons, condoms), certain products (cabbage, beans, beans, nuts, etc.). .d.). Thermal cystitis occurs due to exposure to high or low temperatures on the lower abdomen.

Also, the expectant mother should be prepared for the fact that chronic cystitis in the first week of pregnancy may worsen.

Diagnosis of the disease in pregnant women

If you have noted the symptoms listed above, you should immediately make an appointment with a urologist. The doctor will carefully examine the complaints, conduct an examination and ask you to do the necessary tests.

Urine analysis reveals the presence of impurities in urine (blood, purulent, protein, etc.) and pathogenic microorganisms.

Cystoscopy will help to examine in detail the condition of the bladder. To conduct a study, the doctor inserts a cystoscope (a thin tube with a light source and a camera) into the urethra, gradually moving into the cavity of the urea.

The urologist may also order imaging tests to determine the form and extent of the infection. As a rule, an ultrasound examination is used in pregnant women, and an X-ray examination is contraindicated.

Treatment of the disease with medical methods

Treatment will depend on the form of the disease (acute, chronic), stage, symptoms and, of course, the causes of the disease.

Infectious cystitis requires treatment with antibiotics, which do not affect the fetus.

Non-infectious forms require treatment with analgesics and anesthetics, anticholinergics, drugs that help relax the muscles of the ureter and suppress frequent urge to urinate.

Additionally, pregnant women are prescribed bed rest and a special diet, which is based on regular fluid intake.

Complicated cases of the disease require treatment in a hospital. Unfortunately, one cannot do without taking antibiotics, since serious complications, such as pyelonephritis, may develop. Antibacterial drugs are also prescribed, which help eliminate inflammation. The most famous cure for cystitis during pregnancy is Monural (a safe antibiotic). It is used once, which contributes to the favorable treatment of the disease. The safety of the drug for the health and development of the fetus has been proven, while there are no side effects during use. Amoxiclav is also used - a less safe drug that is prescribed in rare cases. Kanefron with cystitis allows you to get rid of acute pain.

In addition to medical treatment, expectant mothers are prescribed procedures. One of these is instillation. Antiseptic and antimicrobial solutions (boric acid, rivanol, saline, silver nitrate, etc.) are introduced into the bladder using a thin and flexible catheter. The procedure is effective in the early stages and is used in a hospital setting.

Treatment of the disease at the beginning of the first trimester

During this period, it is forbidden to use many medications, including nirofurans.

Pregnant women are prescribed a drinking regimen based on purified water, green tea and cranberry juice. The more fluid enters the bladder, the faster harmful microorganisms and toxins are washed out. Spicy, too salty, fatty, smoked and fried foods, as well as soda, sugar, coffee drinks, sweets and pastries are excluded from the diet.

Patients are contraindicated to take hot baths - only a warm shower.

In the early stages (for example, at the 11th week of pregnancy), antibacterial drugs of the cephalosporin group, fosfomycin are sometimes prescribed, but under strict medical supervision. After a while, a urine culture is performed, which determines the sensitivity of bacteria to a particular drug in order to increase the effectiveness of treatment. Plant-based preparations, instillations with the help of medicinal decoctions and medicinal oils are also prescribed.

Kanferon N is a plant-based drug (composed of lovage, centaury, rosemary) and is recommended by doctors for the treatment of cystitis in the 1st trimester. It has a diuretic and anti-inflammatory effect, relieves pain in the abdomen, as well as during urination. It also contributes to the expansion of the vessels of the bladder and kidneys, protecting them from increased stress. The drug enhances the effect of other antibacterial drugs, suitable for the prevention of chronic cystitis in pregnant women.

Expectant mothers are interested in how to treat cystitis during pregnancy in addition to medications. Phytotherapy comes to the aid of patients - a complex treatment with the help of medicinal herbs. A specialist in this field prescribes washing and instillations for cystitis based on decoctions of horsetail, asparagus roots, rowan and lingonberry leaves, wild rose, unpeeled oats, etc.

Physiotherapy is also effective for treatment, for example, electrophoresis, which allows you to act on the inflamed area without harm to mother and child.

How to treat cystitis at home and folk methods

Pregnant women in the second and especially the third trimester find it increasingly difficult to regularly visit hospitals for procedures that can be performed at home. In this case, the urologist prescribes home treatment, which requires compliance with certain rules.

A diet based on plant and dairy products. Fried, canned, pickled, spicy, salty and fatty foods are excluded. You should also exclude coffee drinks, sugar, confectionery and pastries.
At least 7 glasses of clean water should be consumed per day. In this case, be sure to drink after visiting the toilet.
The acidity of urine should be reduced, for which ½ teaspoon of baking soda is dissolved in water (200 ml).
At the time of therapy, sexual intercourse should be abandoned, as this may slow down the treatment process or even cause re-infection.
A pregnant woman should regularly drink vitamin and mineral complexes and special nutritional supplements.
The diet must contain a natural fruit drink from cranberries and lingonberries.
It is forbidden to take warm sitz baths without the appropriate permission of the doctor. Also, do not apply warm compresses, a heating pad, mustard plasters, etc. to the diseased area. Any thermal procedures can provoke a miscarriage.

How to treat cystitis at home during pregnancy can be suggested by the older generation.

Grandmothers have long used a healing drink from rosehip roots to treat illness. To do this, take 1000 ml of clean water and pour 4 tablespoons of dry collection, boil for 20 minutes over low heat. The resulting drink is filtered and cooled. We use at least 2 glasses daily for a month.

There is another tea recipe based on the collection of lingonberries, winter love, hogweed and bergenia. We take 1 teaspoon of each plant, pour 1000 ml of clean water and cook according to the previous recipe.

Many patients respond positively to half-burnt treatment, but it can only be used with the approval of the attending physician.

Cystitis is an inflammation that affects the lining of the bladder. How to treat cystitis during pregnancy and what can be taken by pregnant women with cystitis will be prompted by the doctor, based on the characteristics of the development of the pathology.

The sources of pathology are divided into infectious and non-infectious. The former are associated with the impact on the body of pathogenic bacteria that are present in the bladder on an ongoing basis or brought in from outside (staphylococcus aureus, mycoplasma, chlamydia, etc.).

Non-infectious causes of development are concomitant pathologies, for example, dysbacteriosis, vaginosis, hypovitaminosis. cystitis during pregnancy occurs due to general hypothermia, a sedentary lifestyle, exposure to chemical irritants. The first symptoms of cystitis during pregnancy are pronounced.

In most cases, a diagnosis is made precisely on the basis of the clinical manifestations of the disease, without waiting for the results of diagnostic measures. Occurs in the last trimester:

with pain in the lower abdomen;
with a burning sensation and itching syndrome at the time of emptying the bladder;
with thrush;
with constant urge to empty, even with an empty bladder;
with an increase in basal temperature;
with pain during intercourse.

Hemorrhagic cystitis during pregnancy is characterized by the presence of blood impurities in the excreted urine. If the infection has spread to the kidneys, the general temperature rises, there is back pain, general malaise, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, increased cold and hot sweating alternately.

Quite hard to pick treatment of cystitis during pregnancy taking into account the effect of traditional drugs on the fetus. Many medicines are forbidden to be taken, and those that are considered gentle for the body of a pregnant woman are not always effective. It is recommended to start treatment as soon as possible.

The disease is dangerous because the infection can spread to other organs, in particular, to the kidneys. This is fraught with the development of pyelonephritis - a disease that adversely affects the course of pregnancy. Therefore, the woman must be alerted. Such a symptom is a reason for contacting a doctor who will carry out the necessary diagnostic measures and prescribe effective therapy.

Treat cystitis during pregnancy First of all, you need antibacterial drugs. You can determine the type of drug by the results of a study on sensitivity to bacteria. It is forbidden to interrupt therapy, even if the general condition has improved. Otherwise, the pathology becomes chronic, and exacerbations will occur in the future.

Pregnant women with cystitis are prescribed phytopreparations, which include natural ingredients that are safe for the health of the mother and fetus. As a rule, these are herbs, extracts from medicinal plants. Some of them have contraindications, so it is not recommended to take them on your own. In stationary conditions, instillations (infusions) into the bladder of drugs, such as antibiotics, are carried out. The procedure involves the introduction of drugs into the bladder through a catheter.

What can be taken by pregnant women with cystitis will only be determined by a doctor. Many drugs are contraindicated during this period, and may interfere with the development of the fetus in the womb.

The most commonly prescribed antibiotics are:

Monural. You can drink pregnant women with cystitis and other diseases of the urinary tract. If you choose the right dosage, the drug is absolutely safe for the health of the woman and the fetus.
Amoxiclav. Refers to combined antibiotics. It is prescribed for the treatment of diseases not only of the urinary tract, but also of infections of other localizations.

Can pregnant women with cystitis carry out installations with medicinal oils, Rivanol, boric acid. This method of treatment is more effective when compared with oral medication. Means introduced by the installation bypass the gastrointestinal tract and the fetus, getting directly into the focus with inflammation.

Phytopreparations also allow during pregnancy, without causing side effects on the part of the fetus and newborn. It can be Urolesan, which contains fir and castor oils, peppermint and other useful ingredients. Another natural remedy is Kanefron, among the components of which are an extract from centaury, lovage, rosemary.

You can drink from cystitis during pregnancy infusions and decoctions from natural ingredients. These include horsetail, birch leaves, asparagus (roots), oats, dill, dandelion (flowers), mountain ash, lingonberries, blueberries, rose hips, radish (juice). Such ingredients help to suppress the growth of bacteria, have analgesic, anti-inflammatory, diuretic effects.

Many women are interested in whether it is possible to carry a baby normally? By itself, the inflammatory process does not affect reproductive function. This applies only to pathology in an acute form and without complications. If the changes affected the appendages or ovaries, it will be more difficult to get pregnant.

Physical therapy is rarely prescribed. Many of these are contraindicated during pregnancy. Only electrophoresis and thermal procedures are allowed on the area with the inflammatory process. Almost every forum on the Internet talks about a favorable prognosis for cystitis during pregnancy. But this is possible only with the timely initiation of therapy and compliance with the recommendations of the attending physician.

10 -N 30) is a disease that is characterized by the onset and further development of the inflammatory process in the bladder. According to the classification, cystitis is infectious and non-infectious (interstitial), acute or chronic. Women are more prone to it than men. The disease with the same frequency can occur both in childbearing age and in the elderly (during menopause).

Inflammation of the bladder often becomes a companion of pregnant women. The disease debuts in the first, second and even third trimester of pregnancy. This is due to the peculiarities of the anatomical structure of the female urethra. Infectious agents can easily enter the bladder from the vagina due to the fact that the urethra has a small length and large diameter. There they begin to actively multiply, becoming the cause of the development of the inflammatory process.

With belated detection and treatment, the disease has negative consequences for the mother and her unborn child. To avoid this, you need to timely seek help from a urologist.

Why does cystitis occur in pregnant women

Most often, the etiological cause of the development of cystitis in expectant mothers is the bacterial microflora that inhabits the vagina. Normally, it has opportunistic properties that are suppressed by the immune system. In the early stages of pregnancy, a powerful hormonal restructuring occurs in the woman's body, leading to a decrease in its reactivity.

The process of adaptation of the immune system to new conditions is launched. In connection with these circumstances, it cannot fully perform its functions. Not only general, but also local immunity is reduced. The conditionally pathogenic microflora of the vagina is transformed into pathogenic. When it enters the bladder, it causes inflammation in it.

Another reason for the development of cystitis is external infection (non-compliance with personal hygiene, postcoital infections). To protect yourself, it is advisable for the expectant mother to engage in pregnancy planning. Before conception, all chronic diseases must be cured.

If a woman has infections in the body in an acute or chronic stage, motherhood should be postponed. During treatment, you need to use contraceptives to suppress ovulation and avoid pregnancy.

There are additional factors that cause the development of cystitis in pregnant women:

Some gynecologists regard. Approximately 50% of women in early pregnancy experience this problem. The primary role in the development of the disease is played by a decrease in the activity of the immune system. The immune system of the female body recognizes the life that has arisen inside it as something alien and tries to get rid of this problem as soon as possible.

But nature has provided for everything. To prevent rejection of the fetal egg, a "hormonal storm" begins in the woman's body.

The ovaries actively produce pregnancy hormones, which have a depressing effect on the immune system. In a weakened state, she cannot fully protect the body of the expectant mother from infections.

When eating foods containing food allergens, development can also be expected. Therefore, expectant mothers are advised to refrain from eating cabbage, nuts, legumes, chocolate.

If a woman has a history of pregnancy, then in the early stages of pregnancy, one can naturally expect its exacerbation.

Gynecologists are very careful when treating a disease that occurs in the first trimester of pregnancy. This is due to the fact that most drugs have a teratogenic effect and are dangerous to the fetus. If you do not treat the disease at this stage, it goes into a chronic phase, complicating pregnancy with constant exacerbations.

Inadequate treatment or its absence can cause intrauterine infection, the birth of a premature baby and other negative consequences.

Cystitis in late pregnancy

In the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, the woman's body fully adapts to its temporary state. The activity of the immune system returns to normal. In the later stages, the baby begins to grow actively, the uterus stretches and increases in size.

The growing uterus puts pressure on the organs of the abdominal cavity and small pelvis, and especially on the bladder. This circumstance leads to a violation of its evacuation function, stagnation of urine, reproduction and development of pathogenic bacteria.

In the second half of pregnancy, the treatment of the disease should be given no less close attention.

In the later stages, the fetus has reliable protection - a formed placenta. This makes it possible to take certain antibacterial drugs that can only be prescribed by a doctor.

Acute cystitis and pregnancy

Acute cystitis can complicate early and late pregnancy. Women can get infectious and non-infectious cystitis. In the first case, the impetus for its development is prolonged hypothermia of the body of a pregnant woman. Pathogenic bacteria enter the bladder, multiply in it and cause an inflammatory process.

Non-infectious cystitis develops due to a number of etiological reasons. For the body of the expectant mother, it is no less dangerous than infectious. To avoid the development of the disease, you should exclude:

eating foods containing food allergens;
a sedentary lifestyle (leads to stagnation in the pelvic area or their aggravation);
the presence of concomitant chronic pathology;
the presence of stones in the kidneys and bladder;
taking certain medications.

In the second and third trimesters, the deterioration of the blood supply to the pelvic organs and the compression of the bladder by the growing uterus come to the fore.

The disease most often has no precursors and occurs suddenly. When the first signs appear, a woman should immediately contact a gynecologist. An attack of acute cystitis during pregnancy is manifested by the following set of symptoms:

Severe pain syndrome. The patient experiences pulling pains above the pubis, aggravated by filling the bladder.
Burning and baking pain in the urethra, especially during urination.
Frequent urge to void.
The appearance of a deceptive desire to urinate.
Discharge of cloudy urine with an unpleasant odor. It often contains blood.
Intoxication syndrome (fever, general weakness, drowsiness).

The presence of intoxication indicates a severe course of the disease and requires inpatient treatment in order to reduce minimize the risk to the fetus. In advanced cases, cystitis during development in pregnant women often causes purulent pyelonephritis. This pathology is characterized by inflammation of the renal pelvis, which, if left untreated, can cause sepsis and even the death of the expectant mother and unborn baby.

Chronic cystitis and pregnancy

Most often during pregnancy, the disease debuts acutely, but there are times when its signs are mild or absent. This course of the disease characterizes its chronic form.

Chronic cystitis during pregnancy is the result of untreated acute cystitis, which was observed in a woman earlier. It may also be due to incorrect or incomplete treatment. The disease in the chronic form is often manifested by alternating stages of exacerbation and attenuation of the process or is a constant, sluggish nature of inflammation.

In the absence of pregnancy, the disease most often worsens in the cold season, when the starting factor is hypothermia. In women “in an interesting position”, the exacerbation does not have a clear seasonality. Chronic cystitis is characterized by such manifestations:

frequent desire to urinate;
excretion of urine with an admixture of pus;
constant, aching pain in the region of the bladder, which becomes more pronounced when it is emptied.

With a sluggish inflammatory process, there will be no manifestations of intoxication syndrome.

What is dangerous cystitis during pregnancy

Like any disease, inflammation of the bladder of infectious and non-infectious etiology poses a threat to the expectant mother and unborn child. In the absence of treatment for infectious cystitis, pathogens can enter the kidneys along the ascending path. This is fraught with the development of such a dangerous disease as pyelonephritis or inflammation of the kidneys.

Bilateral inflammation of the renal structures poses a particular threat to the life and health of a pregnant woman, as well as the fetus.

Excessively multiplying bacteria can lead to the formation of carbuncles (abscesses) in the kidneys, which causes sepsis (blood poisoning), which is very difficult to treat. With such a development of events, there is a real threat to the life of the mother and child. The risk of this complication is high in women who have a history of chronic urinary tract infections.

Undiagnosed and untreated cystitis in a pregnant woman poses a threat of infection of the fetus in the womb. Such children are born much earlier, they have a delay in physical, and sometimes mental development. With a severe form of intrauterine infection, which can occur in the form of sepsis, babies die within the first month of life. The cause of death in this case is the gradual development of multiple organ failure.

With a complication of cystitis in the second and third trimester of pregnancy, the fetus may die - freeze. This is an indication for late-term abortion or fruit-destroying surgery.

With kidney damage, the expectant mother may develop secondary arterial hypertension (permanent increase in blood pressure). This increases the risk of complications in the second half of pregnancy - preeclampsia, eclampsia, HEELP syndrome. With untimely provision of emergency care, these conditions can lead to the death of a woman or fetus.

Diagnostic measures

The secret of successful treatment of cystitis lies in its timely and accurate detection. To correctly diagnose, the doctor must resort to various research methods. You can determine with:

How to treat cystitis in pregnant women

Treatment of cystitis during pregnancy should be carried out under the strict supervision of a doctor! It is not recommended to self-medicate at home - this can cause irreparable harm to the health of the mother and unborn child.

When prescribing treatment, the doctor faces certain difficulties - for women who are carrying a baby and preparing for breastfeeding, some drugs are categorically contraindicated. The first priority in the treatment of infectious cystitis is the destruction of the pathogen. For this purpose, antibiotics are used. The range of antibacterial agents suitable for the treatment of expectant mothers is much narrower than for ordinary women.

In the fight against cystitis in pregnant women, Monural, Amoxicillin, Amoxiclav are successfully used. For the speedy destruction of pathogenic bacteria in the bladder, along with antibiotics, herbal preparations are prescribed - Canephron, Urolesan. In the initial stages of the disease, treatment can be limited only to herbal remedies.

Pain can be relieved with antispasmodic tablets (No-shpa, Spazmalgon) or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory analgesics (Ibuprofen, Depiofen). NSAIDs also reduce the intensity and duration of the inflammatory process. You can take these medicines only as prescribed by a doctor, carefully studying the instructions. In addition to drug therapy, expectant mothers should adhere to the doctor's recommendations, namely:

observe bed rest;
adhere to a dairy-vegetarian diet, avoid eating spicy and spicy foods;
observe the drinking regime - it is necessary to drink at least two liters of liquid per day (purified water, cranberry jelly);
at the slightest need to empty the bladder;
keep your feet warm, prevent general hypothermia of the body.

Bladder instillation is very effective in terms of treatment and safe for the fetus. The essence of this procedure is the introduction of antibacterial drugs into the bladder using a special catheter. This method is used only in a medical institution. Medicines act "locally" and are practically not absorbed into the bloodstream. To get rid of cystitis, several procedures are enough.

Treatment with folk remedies

An alternative to traditional medicine is the treatment of folk remedies. You can cure cystitis during pregnancy with the help of decoctions and infusions of medicinal herbs that have an anti-inflammatory, analgesic effect. They are also useful for stimulating lactation. But even these drugs should be prescribed by a doctor after assessing the severity of the disease.

Effective for the treatment of inflammation of the bladder - an infusion of dill and birch leaves, a decoction of chamomile flowers with honey, an infusion of lingonberry leaves and rowan berries. There is an opinion that homeopathy helps in the fight against cystitis, but there is no solid evidence for this.

Folk remedies are effective and inexpensive, but if there is no effect for several days, it is necessary to resort to medical treatment.

Preventive measures

So that pregnancy is not overshadowed by cystitis, you need to follow preventive recommendations. Before planning a pregnancy, a woman must be fully examined and cured of all existing chronic diseases.

Having become pregnant, the expectant mother must be attentive to her health: do not overcool, perform physical education for pregnant women several times a week, adhere to a balanced diet and the recommended drinking regimen, and empty the bladder at the slightest need. To avoid unpleasant surprises, you need to register at the antenatal clinic as early as possible, and visit a gynecologist every month.

Prevention of cystitis during pregnancy is very important, because in such a delicate position, the disease is easier to prevent than to cure!

During an exacerbation of cystitis, most expectant mothers try to help themselves without the use of medications. This is due to the fact that many drugs should not be taken during pregnancy.

Disease Definition

In women, while waiting for a baby, various diseases of the genitourinary system may worsen. The most common is cystitis during pregnancy. Symptoms and treatment are best determined in conjunction with a gynecologist. He will give a referral for tests, refer you to a specialized specialist if necessary, or prescribe the appropriate therapy himself.

It is worth knowing that the appearance of pain and burning during urination, pain in the lower abdomen and a feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder are the main signs that you have acute cystitis during pregnancy. Treatment will help to quickly eliminate all these unpleasant symptoms.

If at the same time the urine becomes cloudy, an admixture of blood appears in it, then a visit to the doctor is indispensable. This is a sign of serious problems, and in some cases may even indicate the onset of cancer.

Causes of the disease

Cystitis is an inflammation of the walls of the bladder. The disease can be caused by opportunistic pathogens. It can be streptococci, E. coli, staphylococci. Also, microorganisms that cause ureaplasma, mycoplasma, trichomoniasis, chlamydia can provoke cystitis during pregnancy. Treatment will directly depend on the identified pathogen.

But there is also a non-infectious form of the disease. Cystitis can occur due to chemical or mechanical irritation of the mucous membranes of the bladder and urethra.

But most often the cause is a change in the hormonal background and a weakening of the immunity of the expectant mother. Because of this, infectious agents begin to multiply faster, which leads to the development of the disease.

Possible diagnosis and prescribed treatment

Having noticed unpleasant symptoms in yourself, you can, of course, self-medicate, remembering all the folk methods of getting rid of such an ailment. But if you do not remove the cause, then the disease will constantly worsen. In addition, it will be much more difficult to cure a running form.

To make a diagnosis and identify the causative agent of the infection, doctors recommend undergoing a general examination, passing a urine test according to Nechiporenko and doing bakposev. In addition, they check the microflora in the vagina and do an ultrasound of the organs related to the genitourinary system.

The test results obtained allow the gynecologist or urologist to choose the most suitable drug.

Chronic form

Many women delay treatment until the disease becomes their constant companion. Its chronic course is characterized by the fact that exacerbations occur at least 2 times a year. At the same time, a common cold or even slight hypothermia can provoke the appearance of symptoms. Other causes of acute cystitis can be poor hygiene, sexual activity, swimming in open water, or infrequent urination.

You can't start the disease. If you have cystitis during pregnancy, treatment should be prescribed in a timely manner. Otherwise, it can lead to the development of pyelonephritis, cause a small weight of the child and significantly complicate the course of childbirth.

Necessary Therapy

If you have cystitis during pregnancy, the treatment will be selected in such a way as not to harm the baby in any way. In normal situations, therapy consists of taking antibiotics. But in an interesting position, most antibacterial agents cannot be drunk. Therefore, doctors often use a different tactic.

In order to alleviate the condition of patients, physiotherapy procedures are prescribed. Therapies such as UHF, iontophoresis, inductothermy may be recommended. Therefore, do not be afraid to go to the doctor and say that you have cystitis. During pregnancy, treatment with medication will be prescribed only if the situation is too deplorable. A urologist or gynecologist will be able to choose an antibacterial agent made from natural raw materials. It will not have a negative effect on the fetus, but it will help to avoid problems that untreated cystitis could lead to.

For example, a gynecologist may prescribe the drug Monural or Amoxiclav. They are able to concentrate in the urine and thereby reduce the duration of the necessary treatment. They have few side effects, they are allowed to be taken by pregnant women and children.

installations

One of the most effective methods is the implementation of installations. This is the name given to the introduction of drugs directly into the bladder through a special catheter. Do not refuse if the doctor offers you such a procedure. It can quickly bring relief if you have cystitis during early pregnancy. Treatment also helps to restore the walls of the bladder and prevent possible relapses.

The procedure is carried out only within the walls of a medical institution. It is done in the following way. A special disposable catheter is inserted into the urethra and all urine is released. After that, an antiseptic is injected through it into the bladder using a Janet syringe. Then it is disconnected, and the injected fluid is poured out through the catheter. The process is repeated several times until the solution that comes out becomes completely transparent. After that, the antiseptic is injected again, filling the bladder halfway. It is important not to urinate 2 hours before the procedure and the same amount of time after it.

Alternative Methods

Doctors often advise expectant mothers on therapies that every woman can use at home. Alternative treatment of cystitis during pregnancy is the use of diuretics. Even urologists and gynecologists advise making decoctions of St. John's wort, horsetail, calendula, wild rose, and oat grains. Of course, they are not the main way to get rid of the problem, but they can significantly speed up recovery and reduce the necessary treatment time.

But do not forget that expectant mothers should not use herbs uncontrollably, so before using folk methods, you should consult a doctor. He will tell you how often you can use such decoctions if you have cystitis during pregnancy. Treatment with folk remedies is not always safe.

Useful fruit drinks

Along with medication, doctors often recommend increasing fluid intake. For these purposes, they recommend making fruit drinks from cranberries. A properly prepared drink contains a colossal amount of vitamin C. Morse can alleviate the condition a little if cystitis has begun in women during pregnancy. In this case, the treatment will be more effective, and the necessary duration of therapy with the help of medications can be reduced.

To prepare a healthy drink, you will need 2 cups of berries, 5 tablespoons of sugar and 2 liters of water. Cranberries must be mashed with a masher, put the resulting mass on gauze folded in several layers, and squeeze the juice through it. The remaining pulp is laid out in a saucepan, poured with water and sugar. The resulting mixture is brought to a boil and boiled for 5 minutes. After the broth must be cooled and mixed with the juice squeezed from the berries.

Popular folk recipes

Many of the methods offered by advocates of alternative therapies are also popular among physicians. Urologists recommend drinking cranberry juice, excluding coffee, fatty foods and alcohol from the menu. It is desirable to focus on products that have a beneficial effect on the genitourinary system: parsley, dill, lingonberries, rose hips, carrots, asparagus.

A popular folk method is the use of millet infusion. To do this, it is washed and filled with water in a ratio of 1: 4 overnight. In the morning, the infusion is stirred and filtered. Drink it ½ cup several times a day.

All folk recipes are based on the fact that the patient should take decoctions or infusions from plants that have a diuretic and antimicrobial effect. These include lingonberries, heather, St. John's wort, aspen, bearberry, echinacea.

Among home methods, the following is popular. Healers offer to mix grated apple, horseradish and honey. This mixture is taken in 1 tsp. before meals. You can also insist horseradish in hot milk: for 1 glass of liquid you need 1 tbsp. l. this root. Strained infusion is drunk throughout the day in small sips.

Preventive methods

If you do not want to know how cystitis manifests itself during pregnancy, home treatment is best done as a preventive measure. To do this, you do not need to use pharmaceutical novelties, you just need to follow certain recommendations of doctors.

Among them, the most effective are the following:

Timely and complete hygiene of the genital organs;

Restriction of fatty and fried foods;

Exclusion of hypothermia of the pelvic organs;

Drinking plenty of fluids, including cranberry juice.

In addition, it is important to lead an active lifestyle (pregnancy is not a disease, so you can and even need to move) and minimize the amount of stress. One of the possible reasons for the development of cystitis can be a constantly full bladder. Therefore, expectant mothers should empty it often enough.