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What is the best way to dress so as not to freeze. What to do to keep warm. intermediate layer. Keep warm

During cold weather, the most obvious desire is to wrap yourself in a cozy blanket and not show your nose outside the hearth. However, everyday reality still makes you go outside, into the arms of frost. It would seem that warm clothes should protect us from the piercing cold, but we still get cold, catch a cold and get used to daily stuffy nose. These tips will help you fight the cold and learn not to freeze on the street. These tips will be especially useful to those who, by the will of fate, are forced to spend long hours in frosty air.

Before going outside

1. Weather conditions

Before leaving home analyze the situation on the street and check the weather forecast. It is worth paying attention not so much to the air temperature as for precipitation. The fact is that moist air has a greater thermal conductivity than dry air, which means that during snowfall or rain you will lose more heat than in clear weather. So if precipitation and strong winds are expected, in order not to die on the street, you need to prepare more carefully.

Fact . Scientists have proven that in one minute of being outside in dry weather, a person loses 10 times less heat than in a similar situation during a snowfall or blizzard.

2. Food

Man is a warm-blooded creature, and 90% of the energy that comes to us with food is spent on heating the body, and in winter we need more energy, and therefore more food. Therefore, the first thing to remember without fail - before you go out into the arms of frost, you need to eat well. Focus on foods high in fat and protein: meat, fish, milk, cereals and bread. Don't forget about potatoes and celery with spinach - these foods are rich in potassium, which speeds up blood circulation, thereby increasing heat transfer in the body and increasing resistance to cold.

3. Water

In the frosty season, the body loses not much less moisture than on hot days, and lack of fluid impairs blood circulation, from which the body freezes faster. Therefore, if you want to keep the heat longer in the body, in addition to soups and drinks, drink an extra glass of warm water before going outside, and even better, green tea with ginger - this root vegetable, in addition to its numerous healing properties, also has a warming and tonic effect.

By the way. In winter, it is advisable to minimize the consumption of black tea and coffee and it is better not to drink at all immediately before going out into the cold - these drinks dry out the mucous membrane, which reduces the body's protective properties against colds. In addition, caffeine, which is rich in both black tea and coffee, blocks receptors, due to which the walls of blood vessels contract under the influence of cold.

4. Getting used to the cold

A sharp drop in ambient temperature is a serious stress for the body, so you should not immediately plunge from the heat of the apartment into the cold outside. Adapt Gradually- before going out, linger for a minute or two on the landing or in the entrance, and only after that go on a frosty journey.

How to dress to stay warm

It would seem that in this regard, everything is simple - the colder it is outside, the warmer you need to dress. However, there are some nuances due to which you can retain heat more efficiently.

1. Clothes

Clothing that is designed to protect you from the cold should be loose, and not sit back to back, otherwise it will not warm, but on the contrary, freeze the body. It's all about the air gap that forms between the tissue and the body - this air retains the heat generated by the body and prevents it from freezing. Based on this principle, it becomes clear that the more layers of clothing you wear in frosty weather, the warmer you will feel. For example, two jumpers will protect you from the cold better than one thick sweater.

2. Shoes

Keep your feet warm too Avoid tight and tight shoes: firstly, in such shoes there will be no layer of air, which we talked about above, and secondly, tight shoes will compress blood vessels, thereby disrupting blood circulation, which, along with everything else, supplies warmth to the feet. Also pay attention to the sole.- the thicker it is, the less heat the foot will lose from proximity to frosty asphalt.

3. Hands

Since the vessels in the hands are very small, the palms and fingers tan the fastest. Therefore, make a rule for yourself not to go out in the cold season without gloves. And if the frost is very severe, then better wear mittens- unlike gloves, fingers in mittens touch each other, which means that heat is exchanged between them and hands will warm better.

What to do on the street, so as not to die

1. Breath

It is believed that a person loses most of the heat through his head and many believe that by wearing a hat, they minimize heat loss. However, this is not quite true. Man really most of the heat produced by the body is lost through the head, however, not through the top of the head, but through the mouth and nose - during breathing. Therefore, in order to minimize heat loss, try to breathe only through your nose- so you keep more heat inside and reduce the amount of cold air that enters the lungs.

  • If you can’t breathe through your nose (due to a runny nose or shortness of breath), press your tongue to the sky- it will serve as a kind of barrier for cold air, warming it on the way to the lungs.

2. Face

Unprotected cheeks and nose freeze in the cold very quickly, since the skin in these places is quite thin. Therefore, you should protect these places with a scarf, pulling it higher. At the same time, breathing through the mouth is doubly forbidden., since the exhaled vapor will remain on the scarf and turn into small ice cubes, from which you will freeze much faster.

3. Movement

If you are forced to wait in the cold for someone or something, do not stand still. Move if you don't want to freeze: Walk back and forth, dance, stretch your arms or squat, feel free to look stupid - such activity will help disperse the blood through the body and protect against the cold.

Fact . Alcohol doesn't help keep you warm. The feeling of warmth that appears after a missed glass is a consequence of a sharp expansion of blood vessels, as a result of which heat quickly leaves the body. In this way, alcohol is more conducive to freezing the body and not heating. This is also evidenced by the sad statistics: 85% of frostbite occur in a state of intoxication.

4. Shelter

If you are forced to spend a long time outside during frost, keep in mind - every hour you need to go into a warm shelter(shop or cafe) and warm up there for at least 15 minutes. Otherwise you'll get around.

5. Nerves

Research has shown that the more nervous a person is, the more difficult it is for the body to adapt to the cold which means it freezes faster. Therefore, when going out in the cold, you should try to get rid of negative thoughts, and breathing slowly and deeply on the street is calming. Also eaten chocolate will not hurt, which will increase the amount of endorphin in the body - the hormone of joy.

Tips to keep you warm in the cold

1. Mustard or pepper

If you are waiting for a long journey through the frost or a long standing in one place, then before going out sprinkle some pepper or dry mustard into each sock. These spices will warm up the feet and increase blood circulation. It is also worth doing with mittens to warm your hands. Such a trick will warm the limbs up to 12 hours.

2. Paper

Paper is a good thermal insulation material, so it can be used in the fight against cold, and in many ways.

  • Wrap your feet with newspaper or other paper over your socks, then wrap your feet in a plastic bag - this is how fishermen escape the cold during winter fishing.
  • Paper will also help if you suddenly don’t have warm insoles - put several layers of paper inside the boot instead.
  • The newspaper is also useful for heating the body. If you accidentally find yourself on the street unprepared for the cold, buy any printed publication in the nearest stall, and “squeeze” each torn page into a small lump. You should get 10-15 paper balls that need to be evenly distributed under a sweater or jacket over the entire body area: front, sides and back. So you create an additional layer of air that will warm you.

3. Monk Skills

It is known that some Tibetan monks with the help of special techniques are able to stay half-naked in the snowy mountains for a long time and not suffer from it at all. Of course, such abilities are acquired by long training, however some techniques can be adopted by us, ordinary mortals.

  • One nostril breath. The method is very simple: you need to inhale the frosty air through your nose, and exhale only through one nostril, closing the second with your finger. Apparently, so more heat will remain in the body.
  • Tummo. It is believed that with the help of this technique, Tibetan monks are able to dry a wet towel on a naked body in cold weather. While meditating, they imagine inside the abdomen a small fire the size of a match head, which they mentally force to grow and increase until the inner fire goes beyond the boundaries of the body. Of course, we don’t need to dry wet towels, but we can get warm, visualize warmth inside ourselves, we can do it. At a minimum, such meditation will calm the nerves and distract thoughts from the cold.

The use of several layers of clothing helps, on the one hand, and on the other hand, to remove excess moisture from the body.

First of all, this rule applies to the body. It is its insufficient insulation that often causes frostbite of the limbs, since the body is forced to throw all its resources into heating vital organs. To avoid this, you should use a three-layer system of winter equipment:

  1. Moisture-wicking base layer (thermal underwear: long-sleeved T-shirt and leggings).
  2. The middle warming layer (jacket or sweater).
  3. Top layer that protects against wind and moisture (jacket or down jacket).

The principle of layering must also be followed when warming other parts of the body:

  1. Wear two pairs of socks on your feet.
  2. Use shoes with an extra insole.
  3. Put a hood over the hat.
  4. Wear gloves under mittens.

At the same time, the top layer (jacket, shoes) should be spacious enough to accommodate all the others. If you do not take this nuance into account, you will be constrained in your movements or freeze faster (for example, narrow shoes interfere with normal blood circulation, that is, the natural heating of the feet).

Principle 2. The right materials

base layer

Forget about cotton for the whole winter. It perfectly absorbs the moisture that the body releases, but leaves it inside. As a result, you find yourself in a wet and cold T-shirt and freeze to the bone.

The best alternative to cotton is thermal underwear made from high-tech synthetics or merino wool. It well removes moisture from the body, allowing it to stay dry and maintain a comfortable temperature. True, synthetics have one drawback: they quickly accumulate an unpleasant odor, so they often have to be washed.

Silk thermal underwear is also a good choice. It perfectly retains heat and does not absorb moisture as much as cotton.

Middle and top layers

The best option for the middle layer is a fleece jacket or a natural wool sweater.

When choosing a top layer, it is worth considering what you are going to do on the street. If heavy fur coats and sheepskin coats are still suitable for a walk, then during vigorous activity it will be terribly uncomfortable in them. Jackets and down jackets are the perfect choice here. These models remove moisture and do not allow it to penetrate inside, they are resistant to wind and also quite light.

Legs

When choosing socks, ditch cotton again in favor of quality synthetics (such as polypropylene) and wool. The heat will definitely not leave your feet if you combine both options, that is, put on two socks.

Choose shoes with high and non-rubber soles (rubber quickly passes the cold). The lining and additional insole must be made of natural fur.

Head

Avoid loose and cotton hats. Much better - a close-fitting headdress made of wool or acrylic with fleece.

Principle 3. Consideration of external factors and type of load

  1. Always take into account the strength of the frost and choose clothes depending on it. For example, thermal underwear made of synthetics and wool can be selected for different temperatures. In extreme cold, you can give preference to expensive silk.
  2. Also, depending on the weather, adjust the number of layers of clothing. If necessary, put on not two, but three socks, a few sweaters. Do not forget that there can be gloves under the mittens, and a hood on the hat.
  3. Always consider the intended type of load. If you are going for a long walk in the forest park, make sure that the wind will not blow under the jacket. If you intend to, give preference to outerwear with ventilation sections. In the case of intense street training, it is generally better if you are a little cool at first, otherwise after a couple of minutes you will start to sweat.
  4. The situation with winter tourism deserves special attention. If you plan to be outdoors for a long time, you should take care of an additional set of clothes. Take spare mittens, socks and even a down jacket with you: in a light jacket it will be convenient for you to move around, and a more serious option will protect you during severe frosts.

If, despite all the tricks, you feel that you are starting to sweat, try adjusting your body temperature yourself.

  1. Remove any item of clothing, such as mittens or a hat, so that the body gives off excess heat.
  2. Slow down. Try to synchronize the movement with calm breathing: take a step on the inhale and a step on the exhale. In this way, you can cover a long distance and avoid profuse sweating.

And remember: perfect advice for everyone and everyone does not exist. Approach the choice of clothing individually, taking into account your own thermoregulation, reaction to different materials and other factors.

Experiment. Only in this way you can create a set in which it will be dry, warm and comfortable for you.

Winter is primarily snow, frost and wind. For a northern person, all this is familiar and not scary, but still: “How not to freeze in winter”?

Our clothes are the very first barrier that protects against adverse weather factors. For this reason, I consider this saying to be absolutely accurate: "There is no bad weather, there are bad clothes."

There is no secret for anyone that the national Russian winter clothes are: felt boots, a sheepskin coat and a fur hat. I think that wearing such clothes in the countryside is in the order of things, but in the city ...

City dwellers need to choose the right clothes so as not to freeze in winter.

How to dress warmly in winter

The main principle of winter clothing is layering, that is, the presence of several layers. Air is trapped between the layers of clothing, and this allows you to make the temperature difference between the body and the surrounding weather conditions less sharp.

Warmed by body heat, the air creates a multi-layer thermal insulation. The more layers your clothes have, the warmer you will be. Do not forget that no matter how many layers of clothes you put on, you should not be constrained by this. You should not be cramped in clothes.

First layer of clothing

The first layer of clothing should be underwear. Sleeves must be long. The underwear itself should be made of dense, well-preserved natural material.

This role can be performed by insulated cotton underwear, often with fleece. Natural fibers cannot be compared with synthetics. They work to the maximum, retaining precious body heat.

Choose only high-quality underwear, with flat seams, it is more comfortable to wear.

Often we choose thermal underwear as the first layer of clothing, this choice is not always the right one. Often such clothes are made from synthetic fibers.

Thermal underwear is the clothing of athletes and people leading a very active lifestyle. The fact is that thermal underwear does not have the ability to retain heat.

But it perfectly removes moisture (sweat) from the body, thus it does not freeze from wet clothes.

For this reason, I do not recommend using thermal underwear as everyday wear.

Second layer of clothing

The second layer of clothing can be a woolen shirt, or in extreme cases - with an admixture of wool. Cotton T-shirts are the most impractical choice for the second layer. They absorb sweat very well, and wet clothes are the first step to freezing.

third layer of clothing

Now it's time to put on a turtleneck sweater. It can be woolen or mixed with wool (the second option retains heat much better and protects from wind).

Why high neck? Because it is the carotid arteries and jugular veins that give off heat the fastest, which means they need to be protected. If you are not a fan of such sweaters, then you urgently need a mohair or woolen scarf!

Last layer of clothes

This is outerwear. It can be a warm jacket, a down jacket, a sheepskin coat or a fur coat.

Outerwear in winter is primarily protection from the weather, and not a tribute to fashion. For this reason, the jacket should not be short: bare lower back in winter is nonsense.

When it is very windy in winter, I mentally thank the creator of the hood. Believe me, a hood on a jacket, fur coat, sheepskin coat is salvation! 🙂

When buying outerwear, pay attention to this detail. It is important that the headgear fits easily into your hood, and you are comfortable and not cramped.

Headdress

You need a hat to keep warm in winter! Many neglect headgear, but in vain ...

Half of the heat given off by our body leaves the surface of the head. No matter how warmly you dress, but if you do not protect your head, you will shiver through and through! In frosts, beauty and chic hairstyles are far from being. I still do not understand why a winter hat is not beautiful?!

Shoes

To dress warmly in winter you need good shoes. It is shoes, and not boots, made in a country where there is no real winter.

Trying on and buying future winter shoes is best in the afternoon. At this time, the legs are kneaded and stretched, consider such a moment that you will wear boots on a thick toe. Therefore, the foot should be spacious inside the shoe.

Taking care of your winter boots is a must! Definitely insoles. I also strongly recommend cutting out and putting second insoles in winter shoes, believe me - it works perfectly and you will be glad that you did it more than once!

I tried to tell in as much detail as possible about how to dress warmly in winter so as not to freeze. It remains only to add that the necessary winter wardrobe items are: dry shoes, a warm scarf, fur mittens or gloves. This is all a trifle, someone will say, but it is the little things that play such an important role in our lives.

science21vek.ru

Winter is always a challenge. In the morning, cars start with difficulty, people put on as many clothes as possible. And now in the Altai Territory, a period of severe frosts has again come. How to dress, what not to do and how to walk in such low temperatures?

Beware of wind and frostbite

Wind plus frost is a dangerous combination. In such weather, it is much easier to get frostbite. Try to dress in such a way that almost the entire body is covered. Mittens, high scarves, hats and hoods. And it doesn't matter that only the eyes are visible. But the hands, nose and cheeks are warm.

You can't wet your skin. Remember that water conducts heat better than air. You can not go out with poorly dried hair, wear wet or damp clothes. If you get wet (for example, fell into the water), then you need to take off your clothes as soon as possible, wipe your body dry and get to a warm room (car) as quickly as possible.

In no case do not take off your shoes in the cold if you have frostbite on your limbs. Your legs will swell and you won't be able to put it on again. In this case, again, you need to get to a warm place as soon as possible.

If you feel that you are freezing, go to the store (cafe, entrance) to warm up. This will avoid hypothermia.

It is impossible that the frostbitten area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe skin freezes again. It will only increase the damage. Once you get home from the cold, make sure you don't get frostbite.

Solid "not"

Not to drink! During low temperatures, forget about alcohol. Alcohol causes a great loss of heat. However, strong drinks can give a deceptive feeling of warmth. People who are intoxicated are much more likely to get frostbite because they don't feel the cold.

Do not smoke! Smoking in the cold can also play a cruel joke. Tobacco reduces peripheral blood circulation. This means that your limbs become more vulnerable.

Do not go out without a scarf, mittens and a hat. The best option is mittens made of water-repellent and windproof fabric with fur inside. Protect your cheeks and chin with a scarf. Choose natural fabrics. The ideal option is wool.

Don't wear jewelry. This also applies to products made of precious metals. We are talking about rings and earrings. The metal cools very quickly and can "stick" to the skin. This is fraught with pain. Rings on the fingers impede normal blood circulation.

How to dress properly in cold weather?

Choose clothes made from natural fabrics. For example, cotton and wool. They keep warm longer. It is important that in the cold you need to put on a few things. For example, a T-shirt, a long sleeve sweater, a warm sweater. Thus, between the layers of clothing there are always layers of air that perfectly retain heat. Outerwear must be waterproof.