Very often there is such a problem as the need to convert ounces to ml: we are talking about fluid ounces. Why might it be necessary to convert one value to another, and what are they? Is such a unit of measure still in use, and where did it come from?

The fluid ounce is a unit of volume commonly used to measure liquids. Approximately it is equivalent to 30 milliliters. Many definitions of this unit of measurement have been used throughout history, but in the modern world only two remain in common use, in England and the United States.

Volume matching

In the UK, a fluid ounce is 1/20 of a pint, or 1/160 of a gallon. If you convert such an ounce to milliliters, then it will be 28.4. An ounce of liquid in the United States is equal to 1/16 of a pint and 1/128 of a gallon. There are many different ounces, most of which are a unit of mass, the fluid ounce is different from them. Sometimes the specification of which ounce is meant is omitted, and it is common to find the name simply "ounce" in relation to any of these quantities. What is at stake is usually clear from the context.

Story

Initially, a fluid ounce was called the volume that one weight ounce of a substance occupies. In England, ounces were used to measure the volume of wine, and in Scotland, water. Therefore, the volume of all ounces was different, depending on the density of the liquid. The situation was further complicated by the practice of allowances, when in the Middle Ages a unit of measurement was not always equal to the sum of its parts.

In 1824, the British Parliament defined a gallon as the volume of 10 pounds of water. A gallon was divided into four quarts, a quart into two pints, a pint into four jills, and a jill into five ounces. Thus, 1 gallon became equal to 160 ounces. And for an ounce, the volume of liquid was taken, which was occupied by 1 ounce of avoirdupois. These ratios are now in force, except that 1 gallon has been revised to equal 4.54609 liters, and accordingly 1 fluid ounce of the British Empire has become equal to 28.4130625 milliliters.

In the US, the ounce was also based on the gallon, which in turn is derived from the wine gallon. The wine gallon was equal to 231 cubic inches and existed in England until 1824. When the international inch was adopted, the fluid ounce in the United States changed accordingly and became equal to 29.5735295625 milliliters, which is approximately 4% more than the fluid ounce of the United Kingdom.

Fluid ounce

The inscription oz is used abroad as a short designation for the ounce. You can meet her if you make purchases, for example, at online auctions. In ounces, any liquid goods will be measured: toilet water, perfumes, aromatic oils, rare liquid spices and more. Naturally, we are talking about buying goods from America and the UK, as well as countries that are members of the Commonwealth of Nations, such as Australia and Canada. It is worth noting that when buying goods from the USA, a simplified measure is used, in which case an ounce will be equal to 30 milliliters.

You may also need to convert ounces to milliliters when trying to use recipes for cooking various dishes. If you come across a cookbook from the UK or Australia, then you know how to convert ounces to milliliters, for example, 10 ounces will contain 300 milliliters. Sometimes the ounce and its fractions are indicated on measuring cups for liquids. Very often you can find such a designation of a measure of volume on children's dishes, for example, feeding bottles. A standard serving of 100 ml will correspond to a little over three ounces. This is possible because such goods are produced mainly for the whole world, but milliliters can also be seen on them at the same time.

Thus, there should be no problem with determining the number of milliliters in a fluid ounce. The main thing to remember is that there are several varieties of them, which can play a significant role when buying expensive goods. It is interesting that the metric system has already been introduced in the United States at the legislative level, but the Americans are so used to the existing one that it has not yet taken root.

When buying or selling precious metals, one often comes across an unfamiliar unit of measurement - an ounce. It is much easier and clearer for us, who are used to using the metric system in everyday life, to measure weight in grams. However, in international practice, this is the standard for determining the value of precious metals. The answer to the question: 1 ounce, how many grams, is not as simple as it might seem at first glance.

Translation problems

Translation problems arise due to the presence of different names depending on the scope of use and the country where it is used. Adding to the confusion is the fact that some states, such as the United States, still do not use the metric system, preferring the traditional one.

• Averdupois (oz or oz at) - 28.35 g, used by the United States as a measure of weight.
• Fluid ounce (fl oz) - 29.573531 ml, used to determine the volume of liquid.
• Troy ounce (toz or ozt) - 31.1034768 g, all over the world this value is used to measure the weight of precious metals.

Troy ounce

The troy ounce is a common measure for precious metals.

Simplified meaning for translation: 1 ozt - 31.1035 grams.

It should be noted that in international trade this unit is used only to determine the mass of pure metals of the highest standard.

In the world currency markets, the XAU index is used to indicate the rate of 999.9 gold. Mints in different countries mint coins weighing 31.1 g. Many, both old and modern money made of gold and silver, have this denomination.

origin of name

Uncia- Latin term means 1/12 part. This concept came to us from Ancient Rome, but the troy ounce appeared as a measure of weight much later. This name has nothing to do with ancient Troy and comes from the name of the French city Troyes(Troyes), province of Champagne.

In the Middle Ages, famous champagne fairs were held here, which brought together merchants from different countries. The presence of various measures has led to the need to apply some unifying value.

This unit was the troy pound and its 1/12 part - the troy ounce. In the 19th century, Great Britain became the center of world trade. Which inherited and finally fixed the application of this measure as the main one in the international trade in precious metals.

Using recalculation in practice

The need to convert ounce-gram arises, in most cases, when trying to calculate, or silver per gram in national currency, for example, in rubles, today. The calculation algorithm is quite complex and requires knowledge of not only the cost of the metal in dollars per ounce, but also the currency quotes of the ruble/dollar. It looks like this:

the price of gold (dollars/ozt) divided by 31.1035 and multiplied by the dollar/ruble rate, we get the price of gold in rubles/g.

There is a calculator for calculating the cost of gold, which makes calculations according to the data of the Central Bank, which greatly simplifies and speeds up obtaining the desired result.

On the Internet you can find a large number of unit converters, when using such programs to convert the weight of precious metals, it is important to remember that you need a troy ounce, and not any other value.

The metric system of measures is familiar to modern man. But novice buyers of investment bars may be surprised that a special unit of measure is used as a standard for the weight of precious metals - a troy ounce (troy ounce, t oz or oz t), which has nothing to do with either SI or the system of measures used in USA. Faced with the precious metals market for the first time, it is important to understand why and how much a troy ounce of gold weighs in grams.

Weighing as a comparison of the weights of two objects has been familiar to mankind for thousands of years. Lever scales are present in the images preserved from the earliest civilizations. This instrument was used almost unchanged until the twentieth century.

In medieval times, even money was determined by weighing. European jewelers and merchants used grains of wheat and barley as a standard, while in the east they preferred carob seeds. Due to the stability of their weight - four of these seeds amounted to one carat.

The silver medieval penny weighed one pennyweight and was divided into two halfpence and four farthings by weight. The pennyweight was 1/240 of a troy pound, which in turn was equal to 5670 grains of barley, selected in a special way (with the same mass and length) so that they could be used as units of measurement.

The Troy measuring system supposedly originated in the 15th century in the French city of Troyes in Champagne, where large commodity fairs were held. King of England of French origin Henry II adjusted the British coinage system towards its unification with the methods of weighing in Troyes. By 1527 this system had become the official standard for gold and silver in Great Britain. The United States followed suit in 1828.

Ozt in our time

Before the adoption of the metric system, troy units were used in various parts of Europe. Their values ​​varied by several percent.

The modern unit of weight corresponds to the imperial troy ounce and the following proportions are accepted for it:

• 12 ozt is 1 tr. lb;
• 1 ozt contains 20 pennyweights.

Similar ratios have a connection with the British monetary system, based on the old pound, which is 240 pence. Therefore, such a weight system is called a monetary system. In the modern world, coin weight is used only for weighing precious metals and stones. According to the ISO4217 codes, the following designations are assigned to the weight units of investment metals:

• XAU - t oz of gold;
• XAG - t oz of silver;
• XPT - t oz of platinum.

Today, the ozt is the international standard for precious metals trading. All major trading platforms list prices without comment on how many grams in a troy ounce of gold and what quality, since experienced investors are aware of such nuances anyway.

SI equivalent and avoirdupois

A measure of weight from Troyes involves dividing a pound into 12 parts. This is very different from the everyday weight system used in the United States, where 16 ounces equals one pound.

Traditional American weight measurement is called the avoirdupois system. The standard pound is heavier than the troy by about 21.5 percent and, in terms of grain measurement, was 7000 grains (grains) versus 5760 (12 × 480) in the troy. Gran - the smallest unit of mass for the pharmacy, troy and avoirdupois systems.

To understand how much an ounce of gold is in grams, you need to decide on the net and gross standards for measuring precious metals. On the precious metal exchanges, one ounce of gold always means a troy ounce of 99.99% pure gold. This is the maximum purity of the noble metal, complete removal of impurities is technically impossible. The same applies to 1oz of silver or other precious metal.

Troy weight refers only to the pure metal, any other components are subtracted from the pure weight. 31.1034768 grams - this number, up to the seventh decimal place, is enough for any practical application of knowing how many grams are in an ounce. 31.103 - a figure that is easy to remember, meaning how much an ounce of gold weighs in grams in an approximation convenient for everyday use.

Between the metric, troy and avoirdupois systems, you can make a large number of ratios in units due to the cumbersomeness of traditional measures. For understanding, the following values ​​\u200b\u200breduced to kilograms in SI will be enough:

• 1kg = 35.2740oz;
• 1kg = 32.1507ozt;
• 1oz = 0.9114ozt;
• 1oz = 0.02835 kg.

To measure weight, a troy grain can be used, which is equivalent to a mass of 0.0648 grams.

Weight and coins can be roughly divided into two categories. The first is historical or everyday coins made of precious metal. The second includes those intended for investment purposes along with ingots.

Such coins are minted in accordance with the Troy weight system and the following values ​​are traditional for them:

• 1/10 oz;
• ¼toz;
• ½ toz;
• 1 oz.

Minted at the South African Mint. In 1980, it accounted for 90% of all world gold coins. The name itself is a combination of the person's name on the front side and a unit of South African currency. In the 1870s. and 1980s. In the past few years, some countries have banned the import of the Krugerrand because of its association with apartheid South Africa. Now the coin is popular among collectors and investors.

Production levels of the Kruger rand have varied considerably over the course of half a century. In the first years, 40 thousand coins were minted, in 1970 the issue increased to 200 thousand copies and continued to grow. In total, about six million Krugerrands were produced.

The coin was developed as a means of private investment in gold, was sold equivalent to its price and had no face value, but had the status of legal tender. In addition to the ounce Krugerrand, small coins were minted in half and a quarter and a tenth of an oz t. The emission contains about 46 million oz t of gold (about 1500 tons). The success of the Krugerrand provoked a reaction from other state mints, which also began minting coins on a fractional ounce basis.

Maple Leaf

Produced by the Royal Canadian Mint since 1979. The face value is 50 Canadian dollars. The market value varies depending on the . Its purity sometimes reaches 99.999%.

In addition to standard denominations, it is produced in weights of 1/25 and 1/20 t oz. The obverse and reverse features a profile of Elizabeth II and a Canadian maple leaf. In 2007, the Royal Canadian Mint introduced a coin with a face value of $1 million and a gold price of $2 million. It was 50 cm in diameter, 3 cm thick and weighed 100 kg.

A series of coin bars issued by the People's Republic of China. A Chinese mint official introduced a gold panda coin in 1982. Since then, its design has changed every year.

This coin comes in various sizes and variations ranging from 1/20 t oz to 1 t oz. There are also a number of silver coins with the same characteristics. There are "giant panda" coins weighing 5 and 12 t oz.

Produced since 1986 in 1/10, ¼, ½ and 1 t oz. The actual gold weight indicated is guaranteed by the US government. The silver content of the alloy is 3%, which makes the coin not like the Krugerrand.

An alloy of 22 carat gold (916th test) is a traditional English gold. It has not been used in US coins since 1834. By 1837, the gold content of the coin alloy had fallen to 90%. By the time the American Eagle appeared, the content increased again to 91.67%.

Minted by the Perth Mint, introduced by a company wholly owned by the Australian government. Denominations were produced in 1/20, 1/10, ¼, ½, 1, 2, 10 oz and 1 kg of 99.99% gold. They have legal tender status in Australia. An annual limited edition with an original design makes the Australian nugget attractive to collectors.

It has two unique features: a two-tone effect due to rough matte and glossy surfaces and a custom hard encapsulation that protects the coin from bumps and scratches. These features were unusual for standard gold coins and allowed the nugget to carve out a unique niche in the market.

Austrian Philharmonic (Philharmoniker)

The coin has been minted in 99.99% pure gold since 1989. Issued annually in four denominations, sizes and weights. Legal as a means of payment in Austria, after circulation inevitably settles in private collections. According to the World Gold Council, it was the best-selling coin in the world in 1932,1995 and 1996. Produced with a weight of 1 t oz and a face value of 100 euros.

On the reverse side is a set of musical instruments representing the Vienna Philharmonic, on the reverse - a large concert hall organ. The denomination of philharmonics is indicated in shillings (until 2002) or euros. The weight, purity of the alloy and the year of issue are also indicated. Since 2008, not only gold, but also silver philharmonics have been minted. Their design is identical to the gold coin, except for the stated nominal value of 1.5 euros.

It is obvious that the minting of weight coins not only has not died, but is also experiencing a rebirth. Investors around the world are buying and selling gold in troy ounces, so the idea of ​​acquiring legal tender in multiples of an ozt will always be attractive.

Add site to bookmarks

What is the eternal value

What is an ounce? You can, perhaps, designate it as the most ancient and most used unit of measurement at all times, and this will be correct. But the weight of an ounce is not only a material quantity.

The main roots of this ambiguous concept must be sought in the rather philosophical and conceptual area, it is a way of relating a part of the whole to the whole itself.

Ancient Rome and the uncial system

In ancient Rome, an ounce is one twelfth of a unit (lat. uncia), and the number twelve, in turn, had a sacred meaning in ancient Roman digitology, as it reflected some patterns of astronomical and temporal processes accessible to observation and comprehension (twelve months of the year, for example, or the twelve zodiac constellations).

The Romans also used uncial division as the basis for mathematical fractional calculations. Just as in modern mathematics we use decimal fractions, where after the decimal point first come tenths, then hundredths, thousandths, and so on, the Romans expressed fractions through series of quantities with a denominator that is a multiple of 12. These multiplicities were called respectively: ounces, sicilicuses, sextules, scruples and siliquas.

Such a system of duodecimal (among the Slavs - twelve) division of the whole, firstly, reflected the principles of the scientific and religious worldview of Roman society, and, secondly, was a convenient and almost ideal system for solving both purely mathematical and practical, everyday problems in various areas of life associated with counting something. Moreover, the system worked equally well both in situations with exact digital equivalents and with conditional quantities.

length (= 1/12 Roman feet, these are 9,685 lines or 0.0246 m); The universality of the ounce is easily confirmed by the diversity of its use by the Romans as a measure, for example:

• surface (= 1/12 yuger, 2400 Roman sq. feet, 46 sq. fathoms, 209.91 m 2);
• capacity (= 1/12 sextarium, 0.0372 mugs).

According to the principle of the ounce, the banknotes were also divided into denominations: 1 Roman. ass, most often used in the circulation of the Romans, contained an average of 10 ounces (from 9 to 12), which is equal in weight to the libra (libra), (327.45 g, 0.7996 Russian pounds), in which the Roman ounce had a weight, respectively 27.288 g (0.0666 Russian pounds). At the same time, it was an independent monetary unit. An ounce was usually minted from copper, to which tin (7%) and lead (23.6%) were mixed. On one side of such a coin, the head of Minerva, the goddess of Rome, was depicted, on the other, the coat of arms of the city.

Even when determining the size of the inheritance in ancient Rome, they used all the same ounces and their multiple designations.

European countries, Africa, China

During the Roman Empire, as a system concept and a metric unit, it was borrowed by the peoples of almost all European countries. Until the introduction of the metric system in the 18th century, the ounce was the most common unit in the field of measuring weight. In Germany, it (Unze) was equal to 1/16 of a large trade pound and was used in the pharmaceutical business, amounting to 1/12 of the so-called small pharmaceutical weight. From here, Russia borrowed an ounce. In Russian pharmacies, as in the early 18th century, they continue to determine the weight with the uncial system.

The Netherlands, having switched to the metric system of measures in 1820, left the ounce (Dutch ons) to denote weight in 100 g. The use of ounces as the main units of weight was widespread in Italy (Oncia, 12 Roman ounces in a pound), in Spain ( Onza) and Portugal (Onca): 1/16 pound, Castilian libra or Portuguese arratel. In the UK, the ounce as a measure of weight corresponds to such units as troy (1/12), apothecary (1/12) and trade (avoirdupois, 1/16) pounds.

In Sicily, until 1860, the ounce coin was in wide circulation, equal to 2.5 scudis, 3 ducats, or 123.4 today's Italian lira.

As units of weight, with slight variations, the ounce (Ukkiya) even reached northern Africa. In Algeria it is 34.130 g, in Tunisia 31.680 g, in Tripoli 30.020 g, in Egypt 37.068 g.

The Chinese monetary unit tael is also called the ounce.

Troyes city money

The name "troy ounce" appeared thanks to the French city of Troyes, where merchants from all over the world flocked to fairs in the 12th century. In order to streamline the currency confusion, it was proposed to take the French livre as the basis for a single monetary equivalent, containing a troy pound of silver, which was divided into ounces. Since then, this unit, which has proven itself to be very convenient and reliable, has firmly entrenched itself in the precious metals market all over the world, as evidenced by the title “royal standard of metal quality.” And today, this ancient “archaic” measuring unit is not only alive, but and live internationally under the name "". In the cosmetic industry, this unit is used to determine the weight of valuable ingredients. But the main field of application is jewelry and banking, where it is used to determine both the weight of precious metals and their value. We are talking about gold, silver, platinum and palladium. International designation respectively: XAU, XAG, XPT, XPD.

A troy ounce of gold (eng. Troy ounce) is equal to 31.1034768 g, sometimes rounded up to 31.1035 grams.

How many gold coins have a weight of one troy ounce:

• golden maple leaf, Canada;
• Philharmonic, Austria;
• gold bar, Australia;
• krugerrand, South Africa;
• panda, China;
• golden eagle, USA;
• golden buffalo, USA.

An ounce of avoirdupois

Today, another unit of weight is in circulation in the world, the so-called ounce of avoirdupois (from the French Avoirdupois - “goods that have weight”). The weight of one such unit is 28.349523125 gr. It does not apply to precious metals.

Present day

So, today the concept of an ounce, in addition to the name of several banknotes and units of mass, includes two measures of the volume of liquid bodies. These are the so-called "fluid ounces" (English, with a volume of 28.413 063 ml, and American, the exact volume of which is 29.573 531 ml, but for the convenience of labeling food products is rounded up to 30 ml), and even one unit of force (English engineering and gravitational units, 1 ounce is 0.278 Newton).

So, our good old ounce should also be included in the category of “eternal values”.

In our turbulent times, one of the most important indicators of the reliability of the economic condition of a country is the totality of its gold reserves. When talking about the value of this yellow metal in a particular currency, they use a rather strange measure, which is called a troy ounce of gold. For some reason, the cost of this metal is not reflected in grams. How did it happen, why is the universal weight unit not used when weighing gold? How much does a troy ounce weigh in grams?

What is "ounce"

The concept of an ounce was born in ancient Rome. In those days, bronze coins were in circulation, which were divided into parts. The twelfth part of the bronze ancient Roman coin was called "ounce". In the modern equivalent, its weight was a little over 27 grams.

Over time, the ounce began to be used not only as a monetary unit. Since the standards for minting coins were rather strictly observed in Rome, it became convenient to weigh small measures of various substances in ounces. The price of gold has always been high, so an ounce is the best way to weigh this metal. Over time, this small measure of weights spread throughout Europe.

How to convert troy ounce to grams

Converting a troy ounce to grams is quite simple. It should be remembered that one troy ounce is equal to 31.1035 grams. Accordingly, for conversion, this value should be multiplied by the required number of ounces.