Nerves and pregnancy: what unnecessary experiences can lead to. Abundant periods during early pregnancy
The answer to the question of whether it is possible to get pregnant during pregnancy seems obvious. It would seem that conception has already come and cannot be repeated. However, in recent decades, serious discoveries have been made in the field of gynecology and cases have become known when pregnancy occurred in a pregnant woman.
In order for conception to take place, the fusion of the female germ cell with the spermatozoon is necessary. This natural process occurs in the pelvic cavity of a woman. The follicle matures within a few weeks. When the egg is ready for fertilization, it leaves the ovary and enters the fallopian tube.
Unprotected sexual intercourse, committed within a week before ovulation or the next day, leads to the fact that the sperm enters the vagina. From there it is transported through the cervix and cervical canal to the uterus and then to the fallopian tube.
Sometimes in a woman's body there is a maturation of two eggs. This leads to multiple pregnancies. In such a situation, the embryos develop separately from each other in an individual fetal egg. If during the process of fertilization the egg is divided into two identical parts, then it is possible to become pregnant with identical twins, but this happens less frequently.
What happens to the female reproductive system during pregnancy
After conception, the fertilized egg is sent to the cavity of the reproductive organ. After about 3-7 days, it implants. At this moment, the uterus should be as ready as possible for this process and have a sufficient thickness of the endometrium - the functional mucous layer.
After the release of the female gamete from the ovary, a corpus luteum forms in this place. It is a source of progesterone. This hormone is necessary to maintain the uterus in a normal tone, which prevents the rejection of the fetal egg. Progesterone is a phase II hormone.
If it is released throughout the cycle, it will suppress the activity of estrogens - substances necessary for the maturation of the egg. Based on the work of the hormonal background, it has been scientifically proven that re-conception cannot occur during pregnancy.
Despite scientific experiments and the available evidence base, some women were able to become pregnant again during pregnancy. By 2011, medical practice had recorded at least 10 such cases. Conception in women occurred naturally in the middle of the cycle, as expected.
However, over the next two weeks, it was carried out. Unprotected intercourse led to the fact that the pregnant woman again experienced everything that had already happened a few weeks ago.
The second fertilization can only occur in the same cycle as the first. That is, when a woman does not yet know about her new condition. In the second, third and subsequent months of pregnancy, a new conception is impossible.
An interesting fact is that superfecundation is a normal process for animals (cats and dogs). In humans, this condition occurs extremely rarely and becomes an exception to the generally accepted rules of the reproductive system.
Why doctors sometimes advise using a condom during pregnancy
Throughout the gestational period, doctors advise using a barrier method of contraception. The purpose of contraception is not to protect against a new conception. Condoms are essential in order to prevent sexually transmitted diseases. Most of them adversely affect the condition of the fetus, they are especially dangerous in early and late pregnancy. Sexual contact with a condom will be safer for the woman and her unborn baby.
In late pregnancy, sperm can affect the condition of the cervix, soften it and bring the process of childbirth closer. With the threat of preterm birth, experts do not allow sexual intercourse without a condom.
The test showed two stripes - clear, bright, convincing. They confirm that a miracle happened and now you will have a child. This news causes a state of euphoria, which, however, is quickly replaced by anxiety: what to do next? How to behave in a new status, should I go to the doctor, when and where to register for pregnancy, what tests and examinations should I undergo? Do I need to collect any documents for maternity leave, how long do I need to work, what is a birth certificate, when and how to choose a maternity hospital, whether to conclude a contract? In general, you need a clear guide to further actions, so to speak, step-by-step instructions for pregnancy. It is this instruction that we have decided to bring to your attention.
Visit to the gynecologist and the first ultrasound.
You need to go to the doctor's office without delay as soon as you find out about the onset of pregnancy. The first appointment with a gynecologist will include an external examination, examination on a gynecological chair, ultrasound and a blood test for hCG.
According to the results of this express examination, the doctor will be able to accurately confirm the fact of the onset of pregnancy (or refute it, because the tests are sometimes “mistaken”), determine the term and exclude the ectopic localization of the embryo. In addition, at the first appointment you will receive information about further medical measures: visits to other doctors - this may be necessary in the presence of chronic diseases - additional tests, the date of the next visit to the gynecologist and ultrasound.
We correct the lifestyle
Now it is necessary to revise the daily routine, work schedule and physical activity. The first weeks of pregnancy are a critical period in the development of the fetus: any overload, stress and illness of the expectant mother during this period can adversely affect the health of the baby and the course of pregnancy. Night walks, clubs and noisy parties will have to be postponed until better times. In the first weeks of pregnancy, you should try to be less in crowded places in order to avoid the risk of infection and injury. Try to get enough rest, sleep and walk in the fresh air.
It is necessary to immediately refuse overtime work, business trips; if possible, move the start and end times of the working day to avoid crowds in transport during rush hour. You have every right to all these pleasant changes in the work schedule in accordance with labor legislation.
In the first weeks, it is worth temporarily abandoning sports; later, in the normal course of pregnancy, it will be possible to return to sports - of course, adjusted for the “interesting situation”.
It is useful for a newly-made expectant mother to walk and swim; but cycling, running, skating and skiing should be abandoned as soon as pregnancy becomes known. Try not to make sudden movements and not to lift weights: the maximum recommended weight is 3 kg, evenly distributed in both hands.
You should also adjust your diet: it is important for a pregnant woman to eat right. It is necessary to abandon canned food, synthetic drinks and products with artificial food additives, do not abuse spicy, fatty and fried foods.
We take vitamins
From the first days of pregnancy, expectant mothers are recommended to take folic acid - vitamin B9. This vitamin provides the necessary rate of growth and development of the baby in the early stages, is the main means of preventing non-developing pregnancy and the formation of malformations of the nervous system and heart of the fetus. In addition, folic acid provides better absorption of iron, which is necessary for the formation of hemoglobin. The recommended daily dose of vitamin B9 tablets is 800 mcg.
Another "vitamin of the first days of pregnancy" - E; it is necessary for the body of the expectant mother to synthesize the main hormone of pregnancy - progesterone, which ensures normal tone and blood supply to the uterus.
Second ultrasound
The second time ultrasound is performed for a period of 8-12 weeks. The purpose of the study: to confirm the prolongation - the successful course and development of pregnancy, to determine the correspondence of the size and development of the fetus to the expected gestational age, to exclude the formation of malformations. According to the results of the second ultrasound, the expectant mother is recommended to start regular visits to the gynecologist to monitor the course of pregnancy.
Pregnancy record
It is advisable to start systematic medical monitoring of the development of pregnancy for a period not later than 12 weeks; it is better to register early - simultaneously with the second ultrasound examination.
Early registration for pregnancy and the beginning of regular medical supervision can significantly reduce the risk of exacerbations of chronic diseases and pregnancy complications. Women registered no later than 12 weeks are paid a one-time allowance in the amount of half the minimum wage upon maternity leave. When registering at the antenatal clinic, the expectant mother should present a passport, a compulsory medical insurance policy and the results of medical examinations for the last year, including the conclusion of the first ultrasound and test data. In the future, the expectant mother is recommended to visit the doctor at least 12 times during pregnancy. For periods up to 28 weeks, it is worth going to the doctor at least 1 time per month, from 28 to 37 weeks - at least 2 times a month, and starting from 38 weeks - every 7-10 days. If there are special indications, for example, if additional examinations are necessary based on the results of tests or health reasons, the doctor may recommend unscheduled visits at any of the listed dates.
We hand over analyzes
A referral for the necessary laboratory tests is issued by the doctor at the first visit, i.e. when registering for pregnancy. The standard set of studies conducted at week 12 includes:
- clinical (general) blood test;
- general urine analysis;
- blood chemistry;
- coagulogram - a blood test for clotting;
- determination of the group and Rh-affiliation of blood;
- blood test for HIV, hepatitis B and C, syphilis;
- a study for the presence of torch infections: rubella, toxoplasmosis, coxsackie, herpes, cytomegalovirus, papillomavirus, chlamydia, urea- and mycoplasmosis, gardnerellosis. These diseases are hidden and can pathologically affect the development of the fetus;
- smear of flora from the vagina;
- at the discretion of the doctor, a screening examination for congenital diseases - a blood test for alpha-fetoprotein and hCG may be recommended.
Despite the frightening size of the list, all tests can be taken at one time - for this you need to know the days of blood sampling and the necessary preparations. For example, a biochemical blood test should be taken on an empty stomach, and on the eve of the study for RW (syphilis) you should not eat a lot of sweets: failure to follow these rules can lead to incorrect test results. In the presence of chronic diseases or as prescribed by other doctors, such as a general practitioner or endocrinologist, the list may expand. In the future, many tests will have to be retaken: for example, urinalysis - at each visit to the gynecologist; complete blood count - at least twice per trimester; analysis for HIV, syphilis and hepatitis - once in the second and third trimester; a smear for flora - at least once per trimester. Repeated studies for the same infections are necessary, since theoretically the expectant mother can get sick during pregnancy.
Related specialists
Adjacent in obstetrics are called doctors of other specialties, the examination of which helps the gynecologist to choose the right tactics for managing pregnancy. To monitor the course of pregnancy, examinations by a general practitioner, endocrinologist, oculist, dentist and ENT are most relevant, however, if there are health problems, consultations of other doctors may be necessary, for example, a nephrologist - a specialist in kidney diseases, a neurologist, a phlebologist - a specialist in vein diseases - or a cardiologist . Bypassing related specialists should begin no later than 12 weeks and be completed by 16 weeks of pregnancy. As part of the examination, the therapist needs to do an electrocardiogram. If necessary, doctors can invite the expectant mother to an appointment again in the second and third trimester of pregnancy or prescribe additional diagnostic tests.
Screening study
At 16-18 weeks of pregnancy, the expectant mother is recommended to undergo the so-called "triple test", which allows to identify a risk group for the formation of fetal malformations. For this, a pregnant woman's venous blood is examined for the amount of alpha-fetoprotein, human chorionic gonadotropin and estriol. A change in the amount of these substances produced by the tissues of the fetus and placenta may indicate the presence of a serious anomaly in the development of the fetus, such as Down's syndrome. If the test results are positive, the expectant mother is sent for genetic counseling.
Third ultrasound
The next ultrasound examination is recommended for a period of 18–20 weeks; by this time, the formation of the placenta is completed, as well as the laying of the main organs and systems of the fetus. Sonography at this time allows you to assess the degree of development of the cardiovascular, nervous and urinary systems of the fetus, the correspondence of the development and size of the baby to the gestational age, determine the placenta attachment and the level of blood flow in its vessels, evaluate the structure of the placenta and umbilical cord. The third ultrasound is included in the recommended scope of screening studies for the detection of genetic abnormalities and fetal malformations.
Physical exercise
After the 20th week of pregnancy, when the main “critical” periods have already passed, it is worth discussing with the doctor the possibility of sports being allowed at this time. Recall that active expectant mothers who went in for sports before pregnancy should discuss the correction of habitual physical activity at the first visit to the gynecologist. If the pregnancy proceeds without complications, dosed physical activity is not only allowed, but also strongly recommended: good muscle tone and elasticity of the ligamentous apparatus make it easier to endure weight gain during pregnancy and the discomfort of labor pains. It is better to give preference to stretching exercises, such as yoga for pregnant women, Pilates and body flex. Pregnant women can go in for swimming, special aqua aerobics for expectant mothers and even belly dancing. A necessary condition is the complete exclusion of sudden movements, the load on the press and lifting weights; all of these exercises are best performed under the supervision of a trainer who is competent in selecting loads for pregnant women. In the absence of special recommendations from a doctor, you can engage in "permitted" sports for 40-60 minutes 2-3 times a week until the very birth.
Exchange card
This document can be considered a “pregnancy passport”: it contains all the necessary medical information about the health of the expectant mother, the features of this and previous pregnancies, the results of tests and examinations, the drugs received and the conclusions of specialists.
"Exchange" consists of three parts; the first is filled in by the doctor in the consultation, the second by the obstetrician-gynecologist who delivered the baby, the third by the neonatologist who observed the baby in the maternity hospital after birth. With the help of this important document, continuity in the transfer of information about the health of mother and baby between the antenatal clinic, the maternity hospital and the children's clinic is carried out. According to Order No. 30 of February 10, 2003, the exchange card is issued to the expectant mother by the attending physician of the antenatal clinic no later than the 23rd week of pregnancy. From the moment of receipt, the "pregnancy passport" must always be in the purse of the expectant mother, along with a general passport and a compulsory medical insurance policy: they may be needed in case of unforeseen emergency hospitalization.
Courses for future parents
The choice of courses should be decided by the 25th week of pregnancy: the most complete and interesting cycles of lectures are calculated on average for two months of visits in the mode of 1-2 classes per week. You can start attending courses earlier: most of the topics will be informative and relevant even in the first weeks of pregnancy, and many classes include useful physical exercises in addition to lectures. Courses are needed for the correct psychological attitude for childbirth, the acquisition of skills for self-pain relief of contractions, which include postures, massage, relaxation and breathing techniques, and caring for a newborn.
A standard set of lectures usually includes topics on the features of pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period, fetal development, the main aspects of medical care for a pregnant woman, a woman in labor, a puerperal woman and a newborn in the maternity hospital, breastfeeding, complementary feeding, the development of a child in the first year of life, an overview of maternity hospitals in your city. In most courses, in addition to lectures, practical classes are held - obstetric gymnastics and childbirth training, where they work out the technique of anesthesia. Classes for expectant parents are best attended with a partner. Such courses can be found at the antenatal clinic or maternity hospital; there are also independent commercial clubs for future parents. When choosing courses, pay attention to the qualifications of teachers (usually lectures are given by medical specialists and psychologists), gymnastics trainers, the convenience of the location of the courses and the time of classes, the opportunity to attend lectures with your husband and choose individual topics of interest to you.
Maternity leave
A disability certificate for pregnancy and childbirth is issued by an obstetrician-gynecologist who monitors the course of pregnancy for the following periods:
with a normal pregnancy - from the 30th week for 140 calendar days (70 days before delivery and 70 days after delivery);
in case of multiple pregnancy - from 28 weeks to 180 calendar days;
in case of complicated childbirth, postpartum leave is increased by 16 calendar days and the total duration of the decree is 156 (70 + 16 + 70) calendar days.
birth certificate
Making maternity leave at 30 weeks of pregnancy, the expectant mother can receive another important document. This is a birth certificate intended for additional payment for the services of doctors at the antenatal clinic, maternity hospital and children's clinic from the federal budget. The birth certificate project started on January 1, 2006; its goal is to improve the quality of medical care for expectant mothers and babies in public medical institutions.
The certificate consists of three coupons: the first goes to pay for the services of a antenatal clinic, the second - a maternity hospital and the third - medical care in a children's clinic. In the consultation, the certificate is handed out at 30 weeks, subject to registration no later than 12 weeks and visits to one doctor of the antenatal clinic at least 12 times during pregnancy; by agreeing to take the certificate, the expectant mother shows that she is satisfied with the medical care received. In case of irregular observation, late registration, medical care on a commercial basis, or in case of dissatisfaction with the pregnant woman with the level of medical services provided, a birth certificate is not issued at the consultation. In this case, the expectant mother will receive a birth certificate already in the maternity hospital. It should be emphasized that a birth certificate is not a mandatory document for planned or emergency hospitalization in a maternity hospital, regardless of which maternity hospital is chosen and under what insurance conditions - under the compulsory medical insurance policy or on a paid basis - the expectant mother will be served.
Fourth ultrasound
The last ultrasound recommended during normal pregnancy is after 32 weeks. By this time, the fetus has already formed, occupies a stable position in the uterus, and the doctor, based on the results of the study, can evaluate its physical development, location, presentation, estimated size by the end of pregnancy, the amount of water, the state of the placenta, blood flow in the vessels of the placenta, umbilical cord and uterine arteries. These data allow you to draw up a proposed plan for childbirth, determine the degree of risks and the need for additional medical training.
Cardiotocography
This study is advisable to conduct after the 32-34th week of pregnancy. The method allows you to assess the well-being of the fetus in terms of frequency and variability, i.e. changes in his heart rate. To do this, within 20-40 minutes, the baby's heart rate is taken using an ultrasonic sensor and recorded on a paper tape in the form of a graph. In addition, the CTG chart shows moments of baby movements and an increase in uterine tone. By changes in the pulse, the frequency of fetal movements and increases in myometrial tone, it is possible to assess the risk of developing fetal hypoxia and premature onset of labor.
Choosing a maternity hospital
This important process should be started no later than the 34-36th week of pregnancy. When choosing, one should take into account such criteria as the remoteness of the maternity hospital, the dates of preventive treatments (“washes”), the technical equipment of the maternity hospital, the level of comfort of the delivery wards, if necessary, the presence of a special medical specialization, the ability to choose a doctor and individual management of childbirth, the presence of a partner during childbirth, joint stay of mother and baby in the postpartum ward.
Getting to know the nursery
Having previously decided on the choice of the maternity hospital, after the 36th week it is worth going to it personally and “look around”. It is better to study the route options to the maternity hospital in advance, see where the entrance to the admission department is located, familiarize yourself with the admission rules for admission to antenatal hospitalization and childbirth, find out the time of visits, conversations with doctors and receiving programs. When planning an individual birth at 36 weeks, you can get acquainted with the doctor and conclude a contract for the birth.
Things and documents in the hospital
This must be done no later than the 38th week of pregnancy in order to take everything into account, double-check and not fuss at the very last moment. A list of things allowed for hospitalization in the antenatal, labor and postnatal departments can be requested from the information desk of the maternity hospital or from the insurance agent when concluding a contract for childbirth. The requirements for clothing and personal belongings that you can take with you can be very different in different maternity hospitals, so do not be too lazy to find out the rules in the chosen maternity hospital in advance. It is better to collect things separately for each compartment, packing them in plastic bags. Of the documents for hospitalization, you will need a passport, a compulsory medical insurance policy, an exchange card, a birth certificate and a contract for childbirth - if any; it is better to make photocopies of these documents in advance for the admission department of the maternity hospital. You can immediately take a package with things and documents for childbirth with you, but bags with things for the postpartum department can be transferred to the maternity hospital only after the baby is born, so it is better to sign them in advance and provide instructions for relatives.
Interruption of the menstrual cycle after conception is the norm, a natural process, the violation of which can lead to various consequences. Why do periods sometimes occur during pregnancy?
Menstruation during pregnancy is not uncommon, but an occasion to consult a gynecologist. After all, this may be a sign of a serious hormonal or other disorder that will prevent the child from being born.
Periods appear during early pregnancy, most often during the first month. This is facilitated by various failures in the maturation of eggs (for example, simultaneously in both ovaries), multiple pregnancy with the prospect of rejection of one of the embryos, hormonal disorders, and the presence of diseases such as fibroids and endometriosis.
The reasons for the release of bloody mucus in the early stages can be the implantation of a fetal egg in the wall of the uterus, sex, or damage to the vaginal mucosa during a gynecological examination.
Cycle duration
Can menstruation go after conception and when do they stop? Strictly speaking, menstruation and pregnancy are incompatible, the cycle must stop immediately after the implantation of a fertilized egg in the uterine wall. And if this does not happen, it means that the fetal egg, having formed at the end of the previous cycle, simply did not have time to reach its destination yet. It usually takes 7 to 15 days to attach, during which period menstruation may occur.
How to distinguish a cycle from bleeding?
How to distinguish spotting from menstruation, and why can menstruation occur during pregnancy? With a regular sexual life, without the use of contraceptives, the fertilization of an egg in a healthy woman is almost guaranteed.
Signs of pregnancy during menstruation in the early stages can be:
- the onset of the cycle much earlier or later than the term;
- the discharge is not plentiful, even scarce, without the usual clots, indicating the exfoliation of the endometrial layer of the uterus;
- the color can vary from blood pink with an admixture of mucus to red-brown;
- unusually short running cycle.
All these signs of pregnancy after menstruation are evidence that the discharge is not menstruation at all.
As for bloody mucous discharge, which sometimes accompanies early conception - their cause is most often mechanical damage to the walls of the vagina during sex or after gynecological examinations, such discharge is not dangerous. The profuse bleeding of brightly colored blood should be alarming, which, being a sign of rupture of large vessels, requires immediate medical attention.
In the first trimester
Menstruation at the beginning of pregnancy can last up to 11-12 weeks, most often this is caused by hormonal disorders: taking birth control pills, hormone imbalance caused by various endocrinopathies, viral and infectious diseases, stress.
Other causes of menstruation in early pregnancy can be:
- implantation of the fetal egg in the endometrial layer of the uterus, which causes minor damage to the vessels. As a result, scanty secretions appear that do not threaten the development of the embryo;
- fertilization occurred at the end of the cycle, and the egg did not get the opportunity to attach to the wall of the uterus, such “menses through the fetus” are real, and they can only happen in the first month of pregnancy, while the body has not yet begun to rebuild;
- Can there be a pregnancy with real menstruation, and in what other cases? With a very rare phenomenon of almost simultaneous maturation of eggs in different ovaries. In this case, when the first is fertilized, the second is rejected;
- attachment of fetal eggs, how many there will be, does not matter. One of them is rejected, causing bleeding;
- ectopic, in which the discharge is easy to distinguish from the usual - they look like brown clots and are accompanied by sharp pain;
- attachment and growth of an unfertilized egg, before spontaneous rejection, provokes regular bloody-mucous discharge.
Menstruation in the first month of pregnancy may be no different from real menstruation and sometimes continue until the end of the trimester, but they are very meager.
What periods during pregnancy in the first trimester can be considered dangerous? Excessive bleeding with pain or frequent regular traces of blood indicate a serious pathology, for example, the threat of miscarriage. In general, pregnancy and menstruation are incompatible, any bleeding in this position is a reason to see a doctor.
In the second trimester
You can still put up with spotting in the first trimester, since most of them do not pose a threat, but are there periods during pregnancy in the second trimester? The appearance of blood at this moment is a direct threat of miscarriage. Its reasons may be:
- presenting position, when the walls of the uterus cannot hold the incorrectly lying placenta in a fixed position. Breaks occur, and as a result - bleeding;
- partial or complete rejection of the placenta before childbirth;
- threat of interruption and frozen fetus;
- bleeding from the vessels of the umbilical cord of the fetus;
- rupture of uterine tissue. Such bleeding occurs due to the presence of a postoperative scar, chorionepithelioma, thinning of the walls of the uterus due to numerous births and abortions.
Anyone who has had a period during pregnancy knows that any bleeding in the second trimester is a reason to immediately go to the hospital. With timely access to a medical institution, in 95% of cases it is possible to prevent miscarriage and fetal death.
In the third trimester
Can there be periods during pregnancy in the third trimester, and what causes bleeding? Allocations during this period are a threat of interruption, they can be caused by any acute infectious or viral disease, hormonal imbalance, severe nervous shock, trauma, bruises, placental rejection and bleeding from the vessels of the umbilical cord of the fetus.
During pregnancy, menstruation can be triggered by other pathologies:
- an increasing fetus can cause the development of a serious disease - varicose veins of the uterus, and in the later stages and provoke rupture and bleeding from damaged vessels;
- untreated cervical erosion in time may appear with minor, but regular spotting;
- extremely rare cases - bleeding during pregnancy can occur due to intrauterine polyps or cervical cancer.
Menstruation and pregnancy in the third trimester are incompatible and may be a reason to save or terminate for medical reasons. If at this moment menstruation began, especially plentiful, it can be very dangerous for the life of the mother and child.
What is the danger?
Menstruation during early pregnancy is not always dangerous, only in the later stages of gestation. In the second and third trimester, with very rare exceptions, they indicate pathological changes in the body and pose a danger to the baby and the life of the mother. For example, with varicose veins, there is a chance to provoke a rupture of fairly large vessels of the uterus and it is extremely difficult to stop such bleeding.
To be precise, all the bleeding that occurs after conception cannot be called menstruation: they have a completely different mechanism of occurrence. Although real periods in the first month of pregnancy can go, due to fertilization at the end of the previous cycle.
During pregnancy, there are periods provoked by mechanical damage to the walls of the vagina, they can also be classified as non-dangerous, provided that no infection is introduced into the microcracks.
More reasons
Pathologies that can provoke the appearance of menstruation during pregnancy:
- anomalies in the development of the uterus (for example, bicornuate), in which it is very difficult to become pregnant and bear a fetus;
- acute infectious diseases such as syphilis, tuberculosis;
- various hormonal disorders and endocrinopathies;
- blood clotting disorders;
- the presence of varicose veins of the uterus;
- congenital pathology of fetal development;
- hypovitaminosis;
- the use of certain drugs that can cause uterine contractions;
- ectopic and multiple pregnancy;
- placenta previa;
- chorionepithelioma;
- severe nervous shock, shock, stress.
The cause may be household injuries from falls and bruises.
Symptoms
Is pregnancy possible during menstruation, or is it excluded? At this moment, extremely unfavorable conditions are created in the female genital tract for the survival of spermatozoa, so conception becomes impossible.
But is it possible to be pregnant during menstruation, and how to understand whether you have a cycle or discharge? During menstruation, the chest usually swells quite painfully, pulls the lower abdomen. If these symptoms are absent, then a sign of pregnancy through menstruation can be considered:
- scanty, brownish discharge;
- "menstruation" is always painless;
- came much earlier or later than the deadline;
- ended quickly;
- only happens during the daytime.
Features of physiology
Can menstruation go during pregnancy or is it a pathology? Why do menstruation go, what causes spotting? Regularly, an egg ready for fertilization matures in the female body, by the time of its maturation, the uterus prepares for the attachment of the fetal egg, building up a special layer of cells. If fertilization does not happen, the egg and the layer of the endometrial epithelium are brought out with menstruation.
When fertilization has occurred, the body begins to hormonally rebuild so that the fetal egg is fixed in the uterine wall, and no factors provoke its rejection. Thus, to the question of whether it is possible to be pregnant if menstruation is coming, the answer is yes, but only at very early dates, because menstruation after conception is more a pathology than a norm.
How do you know if the cycle hasn't stopped?
Can pregnancy occur after menstruation how to find out? Of course, by buying a test. But sometimes that's not a guarantee either. With 100% certainty, you can confirm the presence of an embryo if you take an analysis for the chorionic hormone (hCG), which begins to grow literally from the first week. And with the normal development of the fetus, it increases by 1.5 times every 2 days.
Menstruation and pregnancy
There is no definite answer to the question of whether menstruation can go during pregnancy. From a biological point of view, these two processes are incompatible. The fact is that menstruation, in fact, is the process of decomposition of an unfertilized egg, which must leave the uterus along with the top layer of cells. This occurs within three to seven days and is accompanied by bleeding, referred to as "menstruation." If pregnancy occurs, that is, the egg is fertilized, then the woman's cycle is disturbed, and menstruation does not occur. If there is a fetal egg in the uterus, but menstruation still went, most likely, we are talking about bleeding, which can provoke a threat of miscarriage. Therefore, to the question of whether menstruation can go during pregnancy, such a science as biology gives a rather categorical answer: no.
Ecology?Nowadays, more and more women complain about their health. This affects their ability to bear children. In the last period of time (5-10 years), more and more women find themselves in a situation where they do not know about their pregnancy. We are not talking about illiteracy among the population, it's just that many expectant mothers continue to have their periods! From the point of view of the correctness of the biological processes taking place in our body, this is completely unacceptable! But despite this, it happens. But can menstruation go? This happens during pregnancy. But is it dangerous? Depending on the reasons that caused them, it can be:
1. The threat of miscarriage. This is the most common reason for the onset of menstruation. If you want to save the fetus, it is better to consult a doctor. Even if you wanted to have an abortion, consulting a specialist will not hurt you, since it is better not to joke with the bleeding that has opened. In any case, you will have to go to the hospital.
2. "Color pregnancy". Science still cannot explain why it occurs and under the influence of what. This phenomenon allows you to positively answer the question of whether menstruation can go during pregnancy. But experts are still not able to unravel the nature of this phenomenon. The fact is that the hormonal background of a pregnant woman remains normal and there is no threat of interruption during such menstruation. Such a process is not considered a pathology until the fifth month of bearing a baby. Next, the woman will have to go to the hospital for preservation.
3. Disease. Sometimes this can indicate a serious illness. If the fetus has abnormalities, then the mother's body rejects the fetal egg. The result is a natural abortion. Also, the reasons may be the illness of a woman. If the expectant mother has problems with the endocrine glands, then the hormonal background will not correspond to the condition, and as a result of low progesterone, a natural abortion may occur. Pregnant women in the first trimester are subject to this. Further, the fetal egg grows stronger and penetrates deep into the body of the uterus, so the viability of the fetus does not depend on the mother's progesterone.
Norms
Women are often interested in whether during pregnancy menstruation can occur, kidneys hurt and legs swell. All these questions can be answered in the affirmative. Such processes require the consultation of a doctor, as they can be causes for serious anxiety. The above symptoms are characteristic of normal pregnancy, but may also be the result of a disease. If a woman has a disease of the genital organs, then her body may simply not be able to cope with the load and the amount of hormones, and as a result, a miscarriage occurs. So, can menstruation begin during pregnancy? Yes, but it's not always good.
As a rule, the absence of menstruation is a clear sign that pregnancy has occurred. Of course, if there are no pathologies and the woman is healthy. However, such cases are not an exception when, being pregnant, especially in the first months, menstruation still took place. By the way, it is for this reason that it is very difficult for some women to identify the fact of pregnancy. In today's publication, we decided to find out whether menstruation can really go during pregnancy and what threatens this for women's health.
Menstruation during pregnancy: dangerous or not?
Let's start with the fact that menstruation during pregnancy is not at all common, as many claim. And even if your closest friend assures you that she had her period during pregnancy, while the baby was born healthy, you should not ignore the discharge. After all, in fact, menstruation during pregnancy should not be, and the cause of this phenomenon can be severe pathologies and diseases. Which? Let's consider.
First of all, let's remember the school anatomy course. The physiology of the female body is such that once a month an egg matures in her body, ready for conception. Moreover, if conception did not occur, then it collapses and goes out with menstruation. If the egg is already fertilized, then the body prepares a special place for the embryo and directs all its efforts to prevent the uterus from rejecting the embryo. This is facilitated by increased production of the hormone - which stimulates the growth of the inner lining of the walls of the uterus so that the embryo can properly attach to them. Progesterone prevents the walls of the uterus from contracting, which prevents rejection. That is why we cannot say that menstruation during pregnancy is the norm.
However, in fairness, we note that indeed some spotting during pregnancy does take place. However, it is very difficult to call them monthly. The cause of these secretions can be various pathologies, a violation of the hormonal balance in the body, as well as detachment of the fetal egg, which threatens.
Women who have noted spotting in early pregnancy, as a rule, suffer from a violation of the production of the hormone progesterone. If in the body of the expectant mother this hormone is produced in insufficient quantities, then at the appropriate time for normal menstruation, spotting with fragments of the endometrium can be observed. However, this is a very dangerous process, since rejection of the fetus can occur along with purification. Naturally, this process cannot be ignored, so be sure to visit a doctor who will prescribe drugs that replace progesterone. Artificial progesterone in most cases helps to avoid miscarriage and carry a healthy baby to the due date.
Another cause of spotting during pregnancy can be genetic changes and abnormalities in the development of the fetus or an ectopic pregnancy. Women who have been diagnosed with endometriosis or uterine fibroids are also at risk. The fact is that with these pathologies, the fetus may not be fixed very successfully, as a result of which oxygen starvation occurs and a miscarriage may occur.
A hormonal disorder that leads to spotting during pregnancy called hyperandrogenism is an excess of male hormones in a woman's body. Not treating this disease means threatening the normal development of the fetus.
A rather rare occurrence, due to which some women have periods during pregnancy - initially formed 2 embryos. One of them develops normally, and the second, for some reason, is rejected by the body, which leads to bloody discharge.
From the foregoing, the conclusion follows: menstruation during pregnancy is far from the norm and not at all harmless. Therefore, you should not listen to "fairy tales" that you should not be afraid of them. If you have noted the slightest - be sure to consult a doctor, and if back pain is added to them, then call an ambulance.
Take care of yourself and your unborn child!
Specially for Ira Romaniy