Dark urine and back pain. In the elderly. Dark urine after poisoning

10.07.2019

The color of urine directly depends on the substances contained in it. In a healthy person, freshly released urine has a straw or amber-yellow color and does not contain foreign impurities. The yellow color is given to the urine by the pigments contained in it, in particular urochrome. Concentrated and acidic urine is often more intensely colored, excreted in a smaller volume, and is characterized by a high density.

The higher a person's fluid intake, the lighter the urine becomes. If there is little water in the body or a person sweats a lot, dark yellow urine appears. When standing in the light, the secreted liquid becomes light brown in color, which is associated with the oxidation of bilirubinoids.

Causes of dark urine

A change in the color of urine can be both physiological and pathological.

Pigments contained in products able to change the color of urine. So, legumes eaten the day before, rhubarb, carrots can give it an orange or dark color. Beets, blueberries and blackberries color it pink or red. If you drank a carbonated drink with a lot of dyes the day before, it is likely that the color of the fluid released from the body will change.

Color can change under the influence of drugs such as antidepressants, antibiotics, malaria drugs, nitrofuran drugs, metronidazole. Excessive use of aspirin can change the color of urine to pink. Even such a mild laxative as a senna leaf changes the shade of the secreted physiological fluid.

Dehydration is the cause of the release of highly concentrated urine of a rich yellow color. This can happen in hot weather or when working in a hot shop. With repeated fever, urination decreases, and urine becomes dark in color. If the liquid is consumed by a person in sufficient quantities, but little urine is excreted, latent edema in diseases of the heart and kidneys may be the cause.

kidney disease- another reason for changing the color of urine. With nephritis, the amount of urine decreases, it acquires a rich color, becomes cloudy, contains an admixture of blood. The specific gravity of urine increases, the study reveals a high content of protein, erythrocytes.

Dark urine during pregnancy is yet another cause for concern. You should not worry too much if this phenomenon passes quickly. It is known that more concentrated urine is excreted in the morning, because at night there is no emptying of the bladder. In the early stages, the darkening of urine is possible due to toxicosis, when vomiting occurs repeatedly during the day and fluid is lost by the body.

Often the reason for the discoloration of urine are vitamins used by a woman for prophylactic purposes. Exclusion from the diet of all products containing dyes, coffee, strong tea, chocolate helps return urine to its usual color. Restoration of the water regime, drinking water in sufficient quantities leads to the release of less concentrated urine of a light or yellow color.

Dark urine in a child appears at a high temperature, when its concentration changes due to a decrease in diuresis, intoxication or dehydration. The physical properties of urine are also violated when the baby overheats, for example, after prolonged exposure to the sun or being in a room with poor ventilation.

Traditionally, dark urine is excreted in the morning, and this is considered the norm. The color of urine directly depends on its constituent substances, and the shade changes as a result of the accumulation of pigment. If you do not go to the toilet at night, then the morning urine will be bright, but with the consumption of a large amount of liquid, it becomes very light. Concentrated and acidic urine is excreted in a small volume and has a high density. What else determines the change in the color of the biomaterial in women, men, children and pregnant women?

Some patients are alarmed by the dark color of urine, while others treat it calmly. How to respond to the changes taking place in the body? First, it is logical to exclude the influence of non-pathogenic factors. They are most often the main reason for changing the shade of urine.

This category includes:

Drinks of a primordially dark color are able to simultaneously color light yellow urine in a rich yellow or brown tone.
Dehydration of the body occurs in conditions of excessive physical exertion, after a workout, a long stay in a dry, hot place. In addition, a small amount of liquid is consumed by patients who adhere to a coffee and chocolate diet.
Food including beets, red meat (beef, veal), legumes, blackberries, rhubarb and other foods used as a natural color.
Medicines actively provoke the biomaterial to change the color palette, it becomes the color of dark beer. A sharp change can be provoked by anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antimalarial drugs, as well as vitamins C and group B, laxatives based on cascara and senna leaf, herbal products, diagnostic dyes.
Toxicosis in a woman leads to a decrease in the amount of water and other drinks consumed.

If any of the above factors caused the urine to darken, then stop taking the medicines, modify the diet, and especially in hot weather, increase the consumption of plain water from 8 glasses to 10-12 with a volume of 200 ml each.

Regular dark urine in the morning can be a signal of a serious illness, the treatment of which is urgent.

Have you noticed changes in yourself that do not carry objective explanations? This is a reason to seek expert advice. The time saved prolongs the life cycle, and the diagnostics carried out will make it possible to reliably diagnose and prescribe effective rehabilitation therapy.

Examination and treatment is required in cases where dark-colored urine is excreted and is accompanied by the following symptoms:

depressed general condition;
painful sensations in the lumbar region, as well as in the abdominal zone;
uncomfortable urination, accompanied by bouts of pain;
biomaterial with a pungent odor;
basal body temperature, which has a deviation from normal values on a scale up; sometimes there are fluctuations in the measurement data;
ineffective frequent urge to empty the bladder.

The question of why urine is dark in color can be answered by concomitant diseases:

With liver diseases. For example, hepatitis, frolicking on the background of alcohol or drug poisoning, as well as under the influence of a viral infection. With this disease, with a hangover, urine acquires a dark color, similar to beer, since bilirubin is excreted through the kidneys, and when the body works properly, it passes through the intestinal tract. Cholagogue disease leads to obstruction of the bile ducts. And cirrhosis of the liver accompanied by jaundice is diagnosed by high levels of bilirubin in the blood.
With a functional disorder of the gastrointestinal tract. Its characteristic manifestation is severe vomiting and diarrhea, and consequently, dehydration of the body.
With hereditary pathologies. Alkaptonuria - in this disease, homogentisic acid is released in the urine, which reacts with air, and black urine is formed. The consequence of this pathology is urolithiasis, decreased performance of the heart muscle and arthritis.
With ailments of the bladder, renal system. Dark urine in men is a sign of the development of the inflammatory process, which is characteristic of cystitis. The movement of stones along the urinary tract leads to tissue injury and the ingress of a small amount of blood into the biomaterial, so the urine becomes darker. Pyelonephritis is characterized by the penetration of purulent grains into the urine.
With neoplasms, yellow urine changes color. Tumors are diagnosed in the kidneys, in the pancreas, in men in the prostate gland, in the liver, and can also develop in the form of melanoma from birthmarks.
With other diseases that affect the shades of urine: cholestasis, malaria, burns of varying severity, heart failure.

Pathological changes do not accept delay and require immediate medical intervention. The doctor should be your friend for the duration of the medical therapy, which may require inpatient monitoring.

The causes of dark urine in women may come from dysfunction of the urogenital area. Against the background of the development of neoplasms in the cervix, venereal diseases, modified uterine myoma from the genital organs, discharge is observed, and urine smells unpleasant. Symptomatic manifestation becomes the main bell for the provision of urgent medical care.

In addition, dark-colored urine in a man is due to the pathology of the reproductive system. If a young man finds purulent or mucous discharge in his urine, then this means that inflammatory processes are taking place in the prostate, urethra or testicles. Also, pain during urination as a result of an injury to the scrotum, an increase in basal temperature require urgent medical treatment.

Dark-colored urine in pregnant women is a regular occurrence. What does this indicator say? The body of a pregnant woman is stressed. In the first trimester, toxicosis makes itself felt. Vomiting leads to dehydration, which puts a strain on the kidneys. Changes in the color of the urine of the expectant mother are associated with a varied diet, medication and vitamin and mineral complex.

Prolonged exposure to the sun often causes urine to turn dark yellow. If the urine of children has become dark in color, what does this mean? Most likely, the child consumed little liquid (plain water) during the day or, on the contrary, abused an excessive amount of carbonated water. The natural pigment found in berries can also stain baby's urine.

Among these pathologies, urine changes color only by a few shades; in practical diagnostics, there is almost no black pigment. In any case, if the darkening of urine provoked physiological changes in the body, it is recommended to visit a doctor.

So, if a person has dark urine, the reasons for its occurrence are objective, there are many of them, and they are quite multifaceted. They are necessary in order to reliably make a diagnosis, exclude possible pathology, and prescribe adequate restorative and preventive treatment.

The contact angles in the factors affecting the production of pigmented urine are also present in cases where dark urine in women appears due to diseases similar to those that caused changes in urine in men.

Drug therapy, if pathogenic microorganisms were found in the urine, is selected individually, taking into account the general history of the patient.

General recommendations are as follows:

When dark urine is released during urination in men, the causes of appearance are associated with dehydration, it is necessary to strengthen the drinking regimen. We do the same when the urine is dark in women and children.
When the life support system fails in a bedridden patient, the urine acquires a beer shade of almost brown color with an admixture of red. Such patients do not live long, most die quietly.
When dark urine is excreted in women during urination, the causes of the appearance are associated with the development of a concomitant disease, they and men are selected with a suitable medical rehabilitation therapy after a series of diagnostic studies.
When there are signs of inflammation in the urine, antibiotics are prescribed for kidney diseases, for example, pyelonephritis, and diuretics are used to relieve excessive swelling.
If dark urine is the result of intoxication after alcohol, then hepatoprotectors (Karsil), enzymes (Creon) are prescribed, and detoxification measures will help to avoid a black tint by administering an intravenous solution of glucose and sodium chloride.

The patient is offered to do laboratory examinations, donate blood for biochemistry, determine the presence of antibodies to viral hepatitis, visit an ultrasound room (ultrasound examination) and look at the kidneys and liver, if necessary, turn to computed tomography.

The palette changed in the urine, as has been said many times, is not only a consequence of a lack of fluid in the body, but also the result of a developing disease. So, getting sick with a hangover, every day the hangover syndrome becomes chronic, it becomes more difficult to get out of which, and black urine is a direct indicator of the development of cirrhosis. Take care of yourself and loved ones.

Causes of dark urine often associated with impaired renal function. But what exactly determines its color? And what is considered the norm, and what is its deviation?

Normally, the color of urine is defined as amber-yellow or straw-yellow. These are light shades of yellow. At the same time, it is absolutely normal for morning urine to acquire a darker color (to light mustard or mustard). What affects the color of urine?

This is the concentration of urochrome pigment in the urine. How concentrated its content will be in a particular portion of urine depends on the person's fluid intake the day before. Urochrome dissolves in drinks drunk by a person and plain water. It is noteworthy that the quality and composition of the drinks you drink can affect the color of your urine. Simple drinking water dilutes the concentration of urochrome, and for example, carbonated drinks with a high content of dyes only exacerbate the color. If during the day you drink a lot of liquid, especially ordinary, then during the day the normal color of urine will be slightly yellowish, almost transparent.

The factors affecting the color of urine should also include drugs, toxins, dyes, food. A separate place among the factors of pathological coloration of urine is occupied by diseases and not only of the excretory or genitourinary systems.

Natural causes of dark urine

Morning urine within the normal range is distinguished by a concentrated yellow (mustard) color. If you notice that the same color is typical for urine during the rest of the day, do not rush to sound the alarm. Although this fact should not remain without attention. Analyze if there are completely natural causes of dark urine behind your lifestyle:

low fluid intake - most often this applies to a specific period of the day, for example, in the morning (when we did not consume fluid during the night, which means that the concentration of urochrome in the urine will be the highest); also dark urine can be a sign of an unhealthy lifestyle, more precisely an unbalanced drinking regimen (with a small intake of clean drinking water);
increased physical activity, hot climatic conditions - circumstances in which increased sweating occurs, which means that part of the fluid consumed is excreted from the body with sweat, and could be with urine; if, at the same time, more fluids are consumed, the urine will remain of a normal color;
long-term use of certain drugs - mainly the case concerns B vitamins and vitamin C, also laxatives, nitrofuran derivatives, anti-tuberculosis and anti-malarial drugs, laxatives (they can reduce the amount of urine produced due to the fact that more fluid will be contained in the feces);
the use of certain food groups - natural products that partly have laxative properties or saturate the body with vitamins B and C can indirectly affect the composition of urine; but especially cause of dark urine a serving of legumes, beef, rhubarb, black tea is considered; after a short time, the color of the urine is restored.

Pathological causes of dark urine

If the urine has darkened, do not rush to make hasty conclusions about your health. The maximum that a person without a medical education should decide is whether he had natural causes of dark urine. If you consider your drinking regime to be normal (1.5-2 liters of pure water per day), there is no place for excessive physical exertion or other reasons to sweat, the above foods were not found in the diet and you do not undergo drug therapy, then most likely, dark urine is pathogenic.

It is extremely important at this stage to turn to a medical professional because other manifestations of the disorder (which may not even be noticeable to an untrained eye) should be taken into account. The doctor will also analyze your medical history and probably prescribe laboratory or other diagnostics.

For example, darkening of urine can vary:

dark brown color - a sign of diseases of the liver and gallbladder, in which the kidneys excrete the bile pigments bilirubin and biliverdin into the urine; an example of such pathologies can be cholestasis in cholelithiasis (with it, an obstacle arises in the way of the outflow of bile);
dark yellow urine is a sign of diseases of the urinary system (both the bladder and the kidneys), in which the urine contains an increased amount of salts, urates, and similar precipitation;
blood impurities - this makes the urine reddish in color or the color remains natural, but blood inclusions are noticeable in it; a very alarming symptom, meaning damage to the tissues of the urinary organs and tracts;
cloudy urine - indicates an infectious disease or kidney stone formation; to avoid the possible development of an infection, it is better to take a urine test, which will help identify the cause of this phenomenon;
during pregnancy - if you are pregnant and observe dark urine, the reasons for this may lie in partial dehydration (for example, due to toxicosis and vomiting), and in the redistribution of substances in the body, and in the additional burden on the kidneys, liver (the latter leads to an increase in the content of bilirubin in the blood and its appearance in the urine).

What diseases cause dark urine?

The information below is not a reason for self-diagnosis and conclusions only on the basis of superficial symptoms. Familiarize yourself with diseases that can manifest as dark urine and other signs, but for final conclusions, a medical consultation and specialized diagnostics are necessary:

hepatitis and cirrhosis of the liver of various etiologies (viral, alcoholic, medicinal);

Most often, darkening of urine is observed after, during the day, urine acquires a normal color. This is due to an increase in the concentration of fluid that has accumulated in the bladder, which has not been emptied for a long time. The cause of dark urine may be insufficient fluid intake. This problem is solved by normalizing the drinking regime.

The color of urine can be affected by foods consumed during the last day (legumes, rhubarb, beets, some berries, beef), a large amount of coffee or black tea drunk, food coloring, and some medications. These medicines include antibiotics, vitamins, iron preparations, aloe vera tincture, antimalarials and laxatives.

Sometimes women who are early and suffering complain of darkening of urine. The reason in this case is dehydration - with frequent vomiting, a large amount of fluid is excreted from the body, which leads to a change in the color of urine.

Pathological causes of darkening of the color of urine

If the darkening of the urine is not associated with eating certain foods or taking medications, is not eliminated after changing the drinking regimen, perhaps its cause is some kind of ailment. Urine may darken due to disorders in the functioning of the kidneys or liver, urinary tract infections, diseases of the pancreas. Often a change in the color of urine and its turbidity is observed with,. Dark urine is one of the characteristic signs of hepatitis.

If the urine not only darkens, but also acquires a reddish tint, one can suspect the presence of blood in it - this may be due to mechanical damage to the urinary tract or kidneys during urolithiasis, with trauma, as well as with the appearance of neoplasms in the bladder or other organs of the excretory systems.

It is important to pay attention to the combination of discoloration of urine with other signs of illness, including abdominal pain, fever, nausea or vomiting. What matters is the unusual or unpleasant smell and appearance of urine (the presence of flakes, blood in it), frequency and soreness. Regardless of the severity of such symptoms, you should consult a doctor as soon as possible to prevent the development of the disease.

Also, the color of urine can be observed by chemicals, severe alcohol intoxication, with some rare diseases (porphyria, thalassemia, hemolytic anemia).

Urinalysis is one of the most revealing in medicine. And not in vain - any deviations from the norm may indicate the course of the pathological process.

Even the color and degree of transparency is important. Is it possible to somehow suspect the presence of the disease without tests?

One of the symptoms will be dark urine in a woman, the causes of which can be both harmless and quite serious.

Dark urine in women - causes

Coloring urine can be pigments that color it.

There are also pigments produced by certain organs of the human body.

In case of violation of the work of these organs, an excess amount of pigments is excreted in the urine and gives it the appropriate color.

Dark urine in women may indicate pathologies in the liver.

The reasons for changing the color of urine can also be inflammatory processes in the female genital organs.

You should not guess why the urine has become dark in color, it is better to do an analysis. It takes very little time and can tell a lot about your body.

Dark urine during pregnancy

The main indicators of urine in a pregnant woman should be the same as in a healthy one. But pregnancy still brings its own characteristics. This period is most often characterized by toxicosis and vomiting, which lead to dehydration.

When dehydrated, the urine becomes more concentrated and the content of urinary salts in it is increased. This gives the urine a dark color.

In such a situation, there are no pathological and infectious processes in the body, but the very state of dehydration can be very dangerous not only for the pregnant woman, but also for the fetus.

Therefore, women in this position regularly give urine for analysis, where the doctor monitors not only its laboratory parameters, but also its physical properties - color and transparency.

A feature of the pregnancy period is also the physical compression of the internal organs due to the growing uterus. The liver is no exception.

With compression of the liver and an increase in the load on it due to the metabolism of not only the mother, but also the child, the content of bilirubin in the blood increases - a brown bile pigment. When excreted in the urine, it gives it a brown color.

An unfavorable reason for darkening of urine can be the development of gestational inflammation of the kidneys, in which, in addition to the dark color of urine, mucus and pus are found in it.

The main difference between dangerous and safe turbidity of urine is the duration of this symptom. If the turbidity is temporary, there is no cause for concern. If the dark color of urine is permanent and does not depend on the time of day, this is a signal for an urgent visit to the doctor.

If you are pregnant and notice unusual changes in your body, be sure to tell your doctor about them. Many conditions can be easily corrected in the early stages, and a running process can harm the fetus.

Non-dangerous causes of dark urine

the use of aloe, rhubarb, legumes, beef, black tea;
taking certain medications (vitamins, anti-tuberculosis, antimalarial, antibiotics, laxatives);
higher concentration of morning urine;
increased physical exertion, profuse sweating or temporary dehydration.

Turbidity of urine due to these reasons is absolutely understandable to a person and does not cause him doubts. To do this, you just need to remember your last meal and read the instructions for the drug you are taking. The dark color of urine, which occurs for pathological reasons, a person most often cannot associate with any of his actions.

Some of these situations you may have experienced earlier in your life. For example, many notice a darkening of the color of urine in the morning. In such cases, there is no need to worry.

SARS and urinary tract infections are the most common diseases in children. In this article, you will learn why the risk of developing infectious processes in the genitourinary system is increased in childhood.

Pathological causes of cloudy urine

The dark color of urine, which occurs due to any disease, is usually not the only symptom that causes concern. Additionally, lethargy, fever, yellowness of the skin, additional inclusions in the urine, a sharp unpleasant odor, urge to urinate, pain in the abdomen may appear. Diseases that cause cloudy urine:

dehydration;
liver diseases (cirrhosis, cancer, hepatitis);
cholelithiasis;
glomerulonephritis;
kidney tumors;
diseases of the pancreas;
hemolytic anemia;
heavy metal poisoning;
injury to internal organs.

If the darkening of the urine happened unexpectedly for you and you cannot explain this by the peculiarities of your lifestyle, it is better to get tested and go to the doctor.

Causes of dark brown urine in women

Structural features of the genital organs, namely their proximity to the urethra and urinary tract, contributes to the penetration of infection from the genital organs into the kidneys. Therefore, additional factors that can cause cloudy urine may be female diseases, for example:

fibroids, tumors of the uterus;
venereal diseases;
inflammatory processes.

At the same time, in addition to turbidity of the urine, women may notice an unpleasant odor or changes in the discharge.

Regular examination by a gynecologist is a must for every woman. However, even if the cause is in gynecology, then a urinalysis will show the course of the inflammatory process.

Learning to read urine test

When analyzing urine, a diagnosis of its physicochemical parameters is carried out and the sediment is examined in order to isolate those inclusions that the kidneys have filtered and excreted along with the urine.

In the study of physico-chemical properties, the following are evaluated:

Transparency. Normally, it should be transparent.
Acidity. The medium must be acidic.
Specific gravity. Indicators are considered the norm - 1010-1025.
Color. Shades of yellow are considered normal.
Protein. Ideally, it should be absent. The maximum allowable value is 0.033g/l.
Glucose. Should be missing. The maximum possible value is 0.8mmol/l.
Bilirubin. Content is not allowed.
Ketone bodies. Should be absent.
Urobilinogen. 5-10mg/l is allowed.
Hemoglobin. Should be missing.
epithelial cells. 0-10 is allowed.
bacteria. Not allowed.
Erythrocytes. 0-1 is allowed. (0-3 for women).
Leukocytes. Allowed 0-3 (0-6 for women).
Cylinders. Not allowed.
Salt. Not allowed.

Any deviation from the norm may indicate the presence of pathologies. By what specific indicator exceeds the norm, one can judge the nature and localization of the disease. Therefore, urine analysis is one of the fastest and most informative diagnostic methods and should not be neglected.

Everyone should know the norms for urinalysis, but you will never be able to decipher it as well as a doctor. Therefore, it is best to go to an appointment with a doctor who will explain to you what each overestimated indicator in the analysis indicates.

Our body will always let us know that something is bothering it - the properties of urine will change, the temperature will rise, pallor will appear or something else. You just need to be attentive to your health and pay attention to the problems that have arisen in time.