The system of health-saving technologies in a preschool institution. Modern health-saving technologies in dow

30.07.2019

Health-saving technologies are one of the types of modern innovative technologies that are aimed at maintaining and improving the health of all participants in the educational process in preschool educational institutions. The use of such technologies has a two-way focus:

the formation of the foundations of valeological culture among preschoolers, i.e. teach them to take care of their own health;
organization of the educational process in kindergarten without a negative impact on the health of children.

Health-saving technologies in preschool educational institutions are perfectly combined with traditional forms and methods in pedagogy, complementing them with various ways of implementing health-improving work. The use of such technologies solves a number of problems:

laying the foundation for good physical health;
improving the level of mental and social health of pupils;
carrying out preventive health-improving work;
familiarization of preschoolers with the principles of maintaining a healthy lifestyle;
motivation of children for a healthy lifestyle;
the formation of good habits;
formation of valeological skills;
formation of a conscious need for regular physical education;
cultivating a value attitude towards one's health.

To ensure an integrated approach to protecting and improving the health of pupils, required by the Federal State Educational Standard, various types of modern health-saving technologies are used in preschool educational institutions:

medical and preventive (medical examinations, monitoring the health of children, anti-epidemiological work, organizing specialized correctional groups, preventing many diseases, sanitary and hygienic work, quality control of catering, etc.);
physical culture and health (, sports events, valeological classes, hardening procedures, etc.)
valeological education of parents (motivation of parents to maintain a healthy lifestyle, teaching parents how to interact with children to form a valeological culture in them);
valeological education of teachers (familiarizing educators with innovative health-saving technologies and methods of their implementation, motivation for a healthy lifestyle, expanding knowledge about the age and psychological characteristics of preschoolers);
health-saving education of children (formation of valeological knowledge and skills).

Only by implementing all these types of health-saving technologies can we achieve close interaction of the main factors affecting the health of preschoolers.

Card file of health-saving technologies

There are many effective varieties of modern health-saving technologies that should be in the file cabinet of a kindergarten teacher.

Physical education minutes

One of the simplest and most common types of health-saving technologies in preschool educational institutions is physical education minutes. They are also called dynamic pauses. These are short-term breaks in intellectual or practical activities, during which children perform simple physical exercises.

The purpose of these physical exercises is to:

change of type of activity;
fatigue prevention;
relieving muscle, nervous and brain tension;
activation of blood circulation;
activation of thinking;
increasing the interest of children in the course of the lesson;
creating a positive emotional background.

Holding dynamic pauses has some peculiarities. They are designed to be performed in confined spaces (near a desk or table, in the center of a room, etc.). Most physical education sessions are accompanied by a poetic text or are performed to music.

Such dynamic pauses last 1-2 minutes. All children are involved in the implementation of physical education. This does not require a sports uniform or equipment. The time for holding is chosen arbitrarily, depending on the degree of fatigue of the children. Physical education may include individual elements of other health-saving technologies.

Breathing exercises

A study of the work experience of many preschool teachers shows that breathing exercises are among the most popular types of health-saving technologies in preschool educational institutions. It is a system of breathing exercises that are part of the complex of corrective work to improve the overall health of the child.

The use of breathing exercises helps:

improve the functioning of internal organs;
activate cerebral circulation, increase oxygen saturation of the body;
train the respiratory apparatus;
to carry out the prevention of respiratory diseases;
increase the body's defense mechanisms;
restore peace of mind, calm down;
develop speech breathing.

In the respiratory gymnastics classes, the following rules must be observed. It is recommended to carry it out in a well-ventilated room and before meals. Such classes should be daily and last 3-6 minutes. To perform breathing exercises, a special form of clothing is not required, but it must be ensured that it does not hamper the movement of the child.

During the exercise, special attention should be paid to the nature of the inhalations and exhalations. Children should be taught to inhale through the nose (breaths should be short and light), and exhale through the mouth (exhale long). Breathing exercises also include breath holding exercises. It is important that in children, when performing exercises for the development of speech breathing, the muscles of the body do not tense up, the shoulders do not move.

Finger gymnastics

Finger gymnastics is a type of health-saving technology that is used not only to develop fine motor skills of the hands (which is important for preparing a child for drawing, modeling and writing), but also to solve problems with speech development in children. In addition, such gymnastics contributes to the development of:

tactile sensations;
coordination of movements of fingers and hands;
creative abilities of preschoolers.

Finger gymnastics is carried out in the form of staging poetic texts with the help of fingers. This is almost the first kind of gymnastics that can be performed with children. In the course of finger gymnastics, children make active and passive movements with their fingers. The following types of exercises are used:

massage;
actions with objects or materials;
finger games.

It is recommended to do finger exercises daily. During its implementation, you need to ensure that the load on both hands is the same. In addition, it must be remembered that each session of finger gymnastics should end with relaxing exercises. Such classes can be carried out collectively, in groups or individually with each child.

Gymnastics for the eyes

Also, gymnastics for the eyes is one of the health-saving technologies in preschool educational institutions. It involves a system of exercises aimed at correcting and preventing visual impairment. Gymnastics for the eyes is necessary for:

stress relief;
fatigue prevention;
eye muscle training
strengthening of the eye apparatus.

To perform such gymnastics, 2-4 minutes are enough. The main rule of this gymnastics is that only the eyes should move, and the head remains stationary (except in cases where head tilts are provided). All exercises should be done while standing.

Usually, the teacher shows a pattern for performing each action, and the children repeat after him. Often such gymnastics has poetic accompaniment. It may include exercises with objects, special tables or ICT.

Psycho-gymnastics

Psycho-gymnastics refers to innovative health-saving technologies that are used in kindergarten to develop the child's emotional sphere and strengthen his mental health. The purpose of psycho-gymnastics is as follows:

conducting psychophysical relaxation;
development of cognitive mental processes;
normalization of the condition in children with neuroses or neuropsychiatric disorders;
correction of deviations in behavior or character.

Psychogymnastics is a course of 20 special classes, which are held in a playful way. They are organized twice a week and last from 25 to 90 minutes. Each lesson consists of four stages that involve acting out:

sketches using facial expressions and pantomime;
sketches for depicting emotions or character traits;
sketches with a psychotherapeutic orientation.

The session ends with psycho-muscular training. During the lesson, a “minute of prank” is held, when children can perform any actions that they want.

Rhythmoplasty

Rhythmoplasty is an innovative method of working with children, which is based on the performance of special plastic movements that have a healing character to the music. Purpose of rhythmoplasty:

replenishment of "motor deficit";
development of the motor sphere of children;
strengthening the muscular corset;
improvement of cognitive processes;
formation of aesthetic concepts.

Rhythmoplasty is organized in the form of special music lessons. Physical exercises should be performed at a slow pace with a wide amplitude. These sessions should be done twice a week for 30 minutes each. It is recommended to engage in rhythmoplasty not earlier than half an hour after eating.

Game therapy

The Federal State Educational Standard states that for preschoolers, the leading activity is the game. Therefore, game therapy should be an obligatory type of health-saving technologies in preschool educational institutions. This technology involves involving children in a variety of games, during which they will have the opportunity to:

show emotions, experiences, fantasy;
express yourself;
relieve psycho-emotional stress;
get rid of fears;
become more self-confident.

Play therapy is considered an excellent tool for dealing with children's neuroses.

aromatherapy

Aromatherapy involves the use of special items with essential oils in the room where the children are. It can be called a passive method of influencing the health of preschoolers, since the children themselves do not have to perform any actions. They can engage in any kind of activity and at the same time inhale aromatic vapors. This is how it happens:

improving the well-being and mood of children;
prevention of colds;
solving sleep problems.

Essential oils can be applied to figures made of clay or untreated wood (the dose of the aromatic substance should be minimal). It is also recommended to make special aromatic pillows with parents, filling them with dried herbs, or individual aroma medallions.

In addition to the described health-saving technologies, other types of them can be used in preschool educational institutions:

herbal medicine;
color therapy;
music therapy;
vitamin therapy;
physiotherapy;
heliotherapy;
sand therapy.

The essence of such technologies is clear from their names. The ultimate goal of using health-saving technologies in kindergarten according to the Federal State Educational Standard is to preserve and strengthen the health of children, which is a prerequisite for improving the effectiveness of the educational process. Only a healthy child can become a good student and a successful person.

Anastasia Balakina
Health-saving technologies in preschool educational institutions

Health human will always be a hot topic. It cannot be controlled with drugs. There is a more effective means - movement. Physical exercise must certainly enter the lifestyle of every person who thinks that it is necessary to maintain working capacity for life, health and fulfilling life.

Preschool age is a decisive stage in the formation of the foundations of mental and physical children's health. It is during these years that organs are intensively formed and the functional systems of the body develop. In recent years, there has been a steady downward trend in preschool health, more and more children show a violation of speech and mental development.

Condition Analysis health children of preschool age shows that over the past decade, the number of absolutely healthy of children decreased from 23 to 15% and the number of children with chronic diseases increased from 16 to 17.3%. On average, in Russia, each preschooler has at least two diseases per year. Approximately 20-27% of children belong to the category of frequently and long-term ill. Almost 90% of preschool children have standard deviations in the structure of the musculoskeletal system - a violation of posture, flat feet, unbalanced muscle tone, weakness of the abdominal muscles, non-optimal ratio of static and dynamic movements. Neurotic manifestations are observed in 20-30% of children of senior preschool age. According to forecasts, 85% of these children are potential patients with cardiovascular diseases. About 50% of children need psychocorrection and are characterized by serious psychological distress. The vast majority of children, starting from preschool age, suffer from a lack of movement and reduced immunity. Their muscle load decreases due to objective reasons: children practically do not have the opportunity to play outdoor games while walking, and some parents are overly keen on the intellectual development of their children (computer games, visiting various circles). All this makes it necessary to search for mechanisms that would help change the situation.

The main task of kindergarten teachers is to prepare a preschooler for a future independent life, providing him with the necessary conditions for obtaining and consolidating stable skills, abilities, knowledge, and cultivating the necessary habits in him. But, can every teacher or just an adult be indifferent to a dysfunctional state the health of their pupils, to its noticeable deterioration? One of the answers is the demand among teachers.

Preschool age is reasonably considered the most important period in the process of forming a person's personality. At this age, various abilities develop more intensively, moral qualities are formed, character traits are developed. It is in this age period that the foundation is laid and strengthened. health and the development of physical qualities necessary for the effective participation of the child in various forms of physical activity, which, in turn, creates conditions for the active and directed formation and development of mental functions and intellectual abilities of a preschooler. That is why the application in the work of DOW health-saving technologies can increase the effectiveness of the upbringing and educational process, form value orientations among teachers and parents aimed at preserving and strengthening children's health.

In this way, health-saving technologies in preschool education - technology aimed at solving the priority task of modern preschool education - the task of preserving, maintaining and enriching health subjects of the pedagogical process in children's garden: children, teachers and parents.

Target health-saving technology- provide every preschooler with a high level health, giving him the necessary baggage of skills, knowledge, skills that are needed for healthy lifestyle by instilling a culture health.

This goal is achieved by solving many problems by the teacher in the course of his activity. Educators teach children about culture health how to take care of your body, that is, a reasonable attitude towards personal health, safe behavior.

Tasks health-saving technologies:

1. Provide conditions for physical and psychological well-being - health- all participants in the educational process.

2. To form accessible ideas and knowledge about a healthy lifestyle, the benefits of physical exercise, about their basic hygiene requirements and rules.

3. To implement a systematic approach in the use of all means and forms of educational work with preschoolers for the timely development of vital motor skills and abilities of children.

4. Form the foundations of life safety.

5. Provide comprehensive assistance to the family in providing health children and their involvement in healthy lifestyle.

Health saving technologies generally divisible by 3 groups:

I. Technology conservation and promotion preschool health.

Stretching;

rhythmoplasty;

dynamic pauses;

outdoor and sports games;

gymnastics for the eyes;

finger gymnastics;

orthopedic gymnastics;

gorregulating gymnastics;

invigorating gymnastics;

breathing exercises;

relaxation.

Stretching is a set of exercises for stretching certain muscles, ligaments and tendons. Thanks to it, the mobility of the joints increases, the muscles become more elastic and flexible, less prone to injury and retain their efficiency longer. Stretching reduces muscle tension, increases their elasticity, which, in turn, reduces trauma and pain. Stretching also has a psychological effect: improves mood, raises self-esteem, creates a feeling of comfort and tranquility in general. It increases the overall motor activity, which has a beneficial effect on the joints and the prevention of bone fragility. Stretches are useful during the development of relaxation techniques, they reduce pain. Good flexibility allows you to perform exercises with a greater range of motion, and also provides good posture and reduces the likelihood of back pain.

Rhythmoplasty is gymnastics with health-improving orientation, the main means of which are complexes of gymnastic exercises, different in nature, performed to rhythmic music, decorated with dance movements.

Dynamic breaks. These are small, active activities carried out during the day, satisfying the natural need of every child to move. Modern children are often loaded with useful, but sedentary affairs: drawing and modeling, teaching the basics of counting and writing. Such classes must necessarily alternate with mobile ones.

Dynamic pauses are outdoor games, round dances, posture control exercises, physical training minutes and finger games, breathing exercises, eye gymnastics, as well as massage of the hands and face, exercises to rhythmic music and special classes in valeology.

Mobile and sports games. Games are a means of not only physical, but also moral education. During the game, children not only learn about the world, but also learn to act independently in various situations. The pedagogical value of games is enhanced by their emotionality. Children in the game experience different the senses: joy, interest, the will to win, and sometimes chagrin, annoyance. All these feelings create an emotional mood in children, on the basis of which the moral development of the personality takes place. In gaming activities, mandatory rules are combined with initiative and creative independence.

Games are divided into two kind: sports and mobile.

Sports games are a more complex form of games. They strictly regulate the number of participants, time, rules. These games require participants to have a certain level of physical fitness and fitness.

Mobile games are simpler. They are divided into collective and individual. Collective outdoor games require the participation of several children or a whole group. In individual outdoor games, the child himself can change the conditions of the game, its goals, choose ways to achieve these goals.

Gymnastics for the eyes. Every day, during a dynamic pause, you can do eye exercises with children.

The purpose of visual gymnastics is to form in preschool children ideas about the need to take care of their own health, about the importance of vision, as an integral part of the preservation and strengthening health.

Visual gymnastics used:

to improve blood circulation and intraocular fluid of the eyes;

to strengthen the muscles of the eyes;

to improve accommodation (this is the ability of the human eye to have a good quality of vision at different distances)

Finger gymnastics. They develop finger dexterity, their mobility, and funny rhymes help children relieve moral stress.

But this is not all the benefits that finger gymnastics brings. The fact is that on the fingers and on the palms there are "active points", whose massage has a positive effect on well-being, improves brain function.

Orthopedic gymnastics is health-saving technology conservation and promotion health. It is recommended for children with flat feet and as a prevention of diseases of the supporting arch of the foot.

Corrective gymnastics (from lat. corrigo - straighten, correct)- a kind of therapeutic gymnastics. In children, it is a special system. physical exercises used mainly to eliminate postural disorders and curvature of the spine.

Invigorating gymnastics is not just a set of physical exercises - it is a source of health, this is an important brick in the formation of the foundation children's health, which can be strengthened only with systematic implementation. Exercising after a nap is one way to save preschooler health. After the daytime awakening of the child, the inhibitory processes in the nervous system are preserved, at this time there is a decrease in both mental and physical performance, the reaction rate sharply decreases. This may be due to the quality of sleep, and how did the child go to bed on the eve of coming to kindergarten? All this will be reflected in the general fatigue of his body.

Breathing exercises. There are many diseases for the treatment of which breathing exercises are needed. But still, in general, for young children, the purpose of breathing exercises is to strengthen the immune system, and therefore, the prevention of diseases, especially acute respiratory ones.

Relaxation - deep muscle relaxation, accompanied by the removal of mental stress. The ability to relax allows you to eliminate anxiety, agitation, stiffness, restores strength, helps to concentrate, increases energy. To this end, in working with children, it is necessary to use specially selected exercises to relax certain parts of the body and the whole organism. Children really like doing such exercises, because they have an element of the game.

II. Healthy lifestyle education technologies.

Physical education;

problem gaming (game training and game therapy);

communication games;

self-massage;

acupressure;

biofeedback (BOS);

lessons from the series « Health» .

Physical education. They are one of the main forms of systematic education, upbringing and physical development of children. In kindergarten, you can use both traditional and non-traditional forms of physical education.

A game-based learning situation-problem may include travel games, conversation games, dramatization games, improvisation games, visual activity, construction, simulation exercises, examination of objects.

"Igrotraining"- complex classes with children of different ages for the development of all channels of perception. Game training can be both a separate subject and used in fragments.

Game therapy is the process of interaction between a child and an adult through games and toys, it is a process of living together with a child and understanding any vital situation presented in a playful way. It is difficult for children to describe their feelings and thoughts, but they can easily show their fears, worries and resentments in the game. As Sigmund Freud noted, the child turns into the activity of the game what he had previously experienced passively. With the help of drawing, role-playing, a child can express those fears, emotional states and mental traumas that he cannot talk about. As a rule, game therapy and game training are used by psychologists.

Playing communicative games with children, the teacher provides practical assistance to children in social adaptation; develops the means of non-verbal communications: facial expressions, pantomime, gestures; creates a positive attitude towards one's own body and develops the ability to control it; develops the ability to understand each other; to delve into the essence of the information received; teaches to determine the emotional state and reflect it with the help of expressive movements and speech; fosters a trusting relationship with each other; develops non-verbal imagination, figurative thinking.

Self-massage is a massage performed by the child himself. It improves blood circulation, helps to normalize the functioning of internal organs. For children, self-massage is also the prevention of colds. It favors psycho-emotional resistance to physical health, increases the functional activity of the brain, tones the entire body.

Game self-massage is a unique tactile gymnastics, thanks to which a powerful stream of impulses from receptors located in the skin enters the brain.

Acupressure is one of the most ancient methods of treatment. This is a very useful procedure, because due to the impact on certain points on the body, you can change the state health baby and prevent the development of many diseases, stop the disease and strengthen the immune system. Parents can do acupressure for children on their own, starting from the very first days of life. Currently, acupressure for children in kindergarten is becoming a technique that is gaining immense popularity. One of the advantages of acupressure is that the method of its implementation is quite simple, it does not require additional equipment and expensive devices.

Acupressure exercises teach children to consciously take care of their own health and are the prevention of colds. The purpose of massage complexes is not only to prevent colds and other diseases, increase vitality in children, but also to instill in them a sense of responsibility for their health confidence that they can help themselves improve their well-being.

Biofeedback. What is Biofeedback - this is a new drug-free method for correcting violations of body functions using electronic devices that record and convert information about the state of human organs and systems into understandable visual and auditory signals. The author of the method is a Russian physiologist, candidate of biological sciences, President of the Biofeedback Association A. A. Smetankin. According to A. A. Smetankin, biofeedback is 21st century health technology, since it implies an active attitude of a person to the formation of his own health, gives you the opportunity to learn how to control your body.

biofeedback technology, has a multi-purpose purpose - it helps to reduce the incidence rate among frequently and long-term ill children by three or more times, corrects and improves speech functions, reduces psycho-emotional stress, and has a psycho-prophylactic focus on stress. Technology allows you to simultaneously carry out mass recovery and improve the efficiency of the educational process.

Classes from the series « Health» by program "Childhood" T. I. Babaeva.

III. Behavior Correction Technology.

Art therapy;

technology musical impact;

fairy tale therapy;

behavior correction technologies;

phonetic rhythm;

psycho-gymnastics;

color exposure technologies.

Art therapy (Latin ars - art, Greek therapeia - treatment) is a method of treatment and development with the help of artistic creativity. Among other things, art therapy is a great way for others to express their emotions and feelings painlessly. Children's art therapy is a simple and effective way of psychological help based on creativity and play. In other words, it is healing by creativity.

Technology musical impact. Used in various forms of physical education wellness work as an aid as part of other technologies; to relieve stress, increase emotional mood, etc.

Fairy tale therapy is a direction of practical psychology that uses the resources of fairy tales to solve a number of problems. tasks Keywords: upbringing, education, personality development and behavior correction. Since fairy tales, in a broad sense, surround a person all his life, this direction is ideal for both children and adults; people with higher education and those without any education.

Behavior Correction Technologies. In the Pedagogical Encyclopedia, the concept of correction is defined as correction (partial or complete) deficiencies in mental and physical development in abnormal children with the help of a special system of pedagogical techniques and activities. Moreover, correction is considered as a pedagogical impact, which is not limited to training exercises aimed at correcting a single defect, but implies an impact on the child's personality as a whole. Purposeful psychological and pedagogical correction within the framework of the possibility of a preschool educational institution should be considered as an independent task, solved in line with health-saving educational technologies.

Phonetic rhythm is a system of special exercises that combines speech and movement, where the pronunciation of speech material (sounds, syllables, texts) accompanied by movements (arms, legs, head, body). Phonetic rhythm classes will help to form phonetically correct speech.

Psychogymnastics is a course of special classes (studies, exercises and games aimed at developing and correcting various aspects of the child's psyche (both its cognitive and emotional-personal spheres). Psychogymnastics is adjacent to psychological, pedagogical and psychotherapeutic methods, the common task of which is to preserve the mental health and prevention of emotional disorders in children.

color exposure technology. color therapy (chromotherapy)- this is the direction in which the influence of colors on the psycho-emotional state of a preschooler, on his well-being is used. With skillful use, color has a beneficial effect on people regardless of age. Color can help relieve stress or nervous excitement, calm down, or vice versa - it can activate efficiency, raise the vitality of the body.

The teacher who feels like a guardian children's health who nurtures culture health children and their parents, he himself must be healthy, to have valeological knowledge, not overworked, to be able to objectively assess their shortcomings and advantages associated with the profession. He must make a plan for self-correction and begin to implement it.

In order to realize enriched physical development and recovery children in preschool educational institutions use non-traditional methods.

Each group should be equipped with a "Corner health". It should contain traditional aids (massages, massage mats, sports equipment, as well as non-standard equipment made by our own hands:

"Dry aquarium" - it helps to relieve tension and fatigue, relaxes the muscles of the shoulder girdle.

Cork rug. Walking on such a rug massages the feet.

Turntables, sultans. Necessary for the development of speech breathing, to train the work of the lungs, to increase their volume.

Massagers, including homemade ones. It is known that there are many points on the palms of the hands, massaging which can affect different points of the body.

Rugs and ropes with knots. Needed for foot massage, which contributes to the development of coordination of movements.

Wellness gymnastics should be done daily after sleep, barefoot to the music.

Health saving activity forms as a result the child's motivation for healthy lifestyle full development.

Health saving technologies used in working with parents

You can also answer all these questions at parent meetings;

Folder layouts;

Personal example of a teacher;

Non-traditional forms of work with parents, practical demonstrations;

Questioning;

Joint promotions: days health, sports holidays;

Booklets, memos from the series "Finger gymnastics", "How to harden a child correctly?";

Open days;

Teaching Parents Techniques healing children(workshops, trainings);

Issue of the DOW newspaper, etc.

Conditioning health-saving preschool education implies:

Organization of children's activities in a playful way;

Organization of cultural creativity of preschoolers;

Construction of the pedagogical process in the form of a model of culture;

Supply of children's activities with toys, equipment, games, manuals.

All this work should be carried out comprehensively, throughout the day. This work should involve both pedagogical and medical workers: teacher-psychologist, speech therapist, educator, physical education instructor, music director.

Parents are the main educators of the child. From how the child’s day is organized, how much attention parents pay child health depends on his mood, psychological comfort. Healthy lifestyle of a child, to which he is taught in kindergarten, can either be supported daily at home, and consolidated, or not find support, then the information received by the child will be painful and superfluous for him.

So taking care of health is one of the most important tasks of every person. Health among all the blessings on Earth, it is the most valuable gift that cannot be replaced by anything, but people do not take care of it as it is necessary. It is important to understand that child care health today it is a full-fledged labor potential of our entire country in the near future.

Teachers, doctors, parents, everyone wants our children to study well, become stronger every year, grow up and go out into a great life as people who are not just knowledgeable, but also healthy. After all health is a priceless gift!

The use of health-saving technologies in preschool educational institutions

Senior teacher GBDOU kindergarten No. 70

Kirovsky district of St. Petersburg

Vasilyeva N.V.

Today, preschool institutions pay great attention to health-saving technologies, which are aimed at solving the most important task of preschool education - to preserve, maintain and enrich the health of children. In addition, a serious task is to ensure the highest possible level of real health of kindergarten students, the upbringing of a valeological culture to form a conscious attitude of the child to the health and life of both his own and other people. To date, leading psychologists, educators and medical workers have created many different health-saving methods that can be classified into several separate groups. These are medical-preventive and sports and health-improving technologies, health-saving technologies for preschool teachers, technologies aimed at ensuring the social and psychological well-being of pupils, valeological education of children and parents. All these technologies are aimed primarily at raising physically and psychologically healthy children.

Modern health-saving technologies used in the system of preschool education reflect two lines of health-improving work: introducing children to physical culture

the use of developing forms of recreational work.

Principles of health-saving technologies in preschool education:

With regard to the child, ensuring a high level of real health for a kindergarten pupil and nurturing a valeological culture as a combination of a child’s conscious attitude to human health and life, knowledge about health and the ability to protect, maintain and maintain it, valelogical competence that allows a preschooler to independently and effectively solve the problems of a healthy lifestyle and safe behavior, tasks related to the provision of elementary medical, psychological self-help and assistance.

With regard to adults - promoting the formation of a culture of health, including a culture of professional health of preschool educators and valeological education of parents.

Adults are always responsible for what happens to children in their care. This also applies to children's health. It is in the kindergarten, under the "supervision" of teachers, that children spend a significant part of their time, and not helping them to maintain their health would be a manifestation of callousness and unprofessionalism.

To implement these principles, a complex of effective therapeutic and preventive measures is needed, a system of reliable means of correcting psychophysical development throughout preschool childhood.

From the point of view of modern approaches to pedagogy, the joint creative activity of children and the teacher is the internal basis for the unity of the physical and spiritual in the life of the child.

The principles underlying the formation of unity are:

the principle of the development of creative imagination is an internal condition for health-improving work, here the child conditionally appears as an object of certain pedagogical and medical influences. And, as statistics have shown, thanks to the inclusion of the child's imagination, it is possible to achieve significant results in the prevention and treatment of a number of diseases: acute respiratory infections, diathesis, anuresis, certain disorders of the cardiovascular system and gastrointestinal tract;

the principle of the formation of meaningful motor skills - movement can become arbitrary and controlled only when it is meaningful and felt. The child will have to learn to listen, understand, respect and love his body;

the principle of creating and consolidating a holistic positive psychosomatic state in various types of activity, which is realized through multifunctional developing forms of health-saving work;

the principle of developing in children the ability to empathize and contribute.

There are also three groups of health-saving technologies:

1. Technologies for maintaining and stimulating health: Stretching, rhythmoplasty, dynamic pauses, outdoor and sports games, relaxation, aesthetic technologies, finger gymnastics, eye gymnastics, respiratory gymnastics, invigorating gymnastics, corrective gymnastics, orthopedic gymnastics.

2. Technologies for teaching a healthy lifestyle: Physical education, problem-playing (game training and game therapy, communication games, conversations from the Health series, self-massage, point self-massage, biofeedback (BFB).

3. Correctional technologies: art therapy, musical influence technologies, fairy tale therapy, color influence technologies, behavior correction technologies, psycho-gymnastics, phonetic and speech therapy rhythmics.

It is very important that each of the above technologies has a health-improving orientation, and the health-saving activities used in the complex would eventually form a child's strong motivation for a healthy lifestyle, full and uncomplicated development.

Why is it necessary to apply health-saving technologies in the modern educational environment?

Preschool age is reasonably considered the most important period in the process of forming a person's personality. At this age, various abilities develop more intensively, moral qualities are formed, character traits are developed. It is in this age period that the foundation of health and the development of physical qualities is laid and strengthened, which are necessary for the effective participation of the child in various forms of physical activity, which, in turn, creates conditions for the active and directed formation and development of mental functions and intellectual abilities of a preschooler. That is why the use of health-saving technologies in the work of preschool educational institutions can increase the effectiveness of the educational process, form value orientations among teachers and parents aimed at preserving and strengthening the health of children.

An analysis of the health status of preschool children shows that over the past decade the number of absolutely healthy children has decreased from 23 to 15% and the number of children with chronic diseases has increased from 16 to 17.3%. On average, in Russia, each preschooler has at least two diseases per year. Approximately 20-27% of children belong to the category of frequently and long-term ill. Almost 90% of preschool children have standard deviations in the structure of the musculoskeletal system - a violation of posture, flat feet, unbalanced muscle tone, weakness of the abdominal muscles, non-optimal ratio of static and dynamic movements. Neurotic manifestations are observed in 20-30% of children of senior preschool age. According to forecasts, 85% of these children are potential patients with cardiovascular diseases. About 50% of children need psychocorrection and are characterized by serious psychological distress. The vast majority of children, starting from preschool age, suffer from a lack of movement and reduced immunity. Their muscle load decreases due to objective reasons: children practically do not have the opportunity to play outdoor games while walking, and some parents are overly fond of the intellectual development of their children (computer games, attending various circles).

It is undeniable that the main task of the kindergarten is to prepare the child for an independent life, giving him the necessary skills and habits for this, cultivating certain habits. But can every professionally trained teacher, just an adult responsible person calmly treat the unfavorable state of health of his pupils, its progressive deterioration? One of the answers to this question was the demand for health-saving educational technologies by teachers of an educational institution.

Thus, health-saving technologies in preschool education are technologies aimed at solving the priority task of modern preschool education - the task of preserving, maintaining and enriching the health of the subjects of the pedagogical process in kindergarten: children, teachers and parents.

The goal of health-saving technologies in preschool education in relation to a child is to ensure a high level of real health for a kindergarten pupil and the upbringing of a valeological culture as a combination of a child’s conscious attitude to a person’s health and life, knowledge about health and the ability to protect, maintain and preserve it, valeological competence that allows a preschooler independently and effectively solve the problems of a healthy lifestyle and safe behavior, tasks related to the provision of elementary medical, psychological self-help and assistance. With regard to adults - promoting the formation of a health culture, including a culture of professional health for preschool educators and valeological education of parents.

The tasks of the health care providers are:

1. Preservation and strengthening of children's health based on the integrated and systematic use of physical education tools available for kindergarten, optimization of outdoor motor activity.

2. Ensuring the active position of children in the process of obtaining knowledge about a healthy lifestyle.

3. Constructive partnership of the family, the teaching staff and the children themselves in strengthening their health, developing their creative potential.

Types of health-saving technologies:

Types of health-saving technologies in preschool education - classification of health-saving technologies according to the dominance of goals and tasks to be solved, as well as the leading means of health saving and health enrichment of subjects of the pedagogical process in kindergarten.

Medical and preventive technology

Medical and preventive activities ensure the preservation and enhancement of the health of children under the guidance of the medical staff of the preschool educational institution in accordance with medical requirements and standards using medical means.

The objectives of this activity:

Organization of monitoring of children's health and development of recommendations for optimizing children's health;

Organization and control of children's nutrition, physical development, hardening;

Organization of preventive measures that contribute to the resistance of the child's body (for example, immunization, gargling with anti-inflammatory herbs, a sparing regimen during the adaptation period, etc.).

Organization of control and assistance in ensuring the requirements of sanitary and epidemiological standards - San PiNov

Organization of a health-saving environment in a preschool educational institution.

Monitoring of the state of health and physical development of children is carried out by medical workers of the kindergarten. All work on the physical education of children in the preschool educational institution is based on their physical fitness and existing deviations in the state of health. To do this, on the basis of individual medical records, the doctor of the preschool institution draws up a summary scheme for each age group, which helps educators and medical workers to have a clear picture of the health status of the children of the entire group and each child individually. This analysis scheme and specific recommendations are entered in the group "Health Journal" - "Individual route of the child" - so that each teacher plans physical education and health work in accordance with the characteristics of children's health.

Physical culture and health technology

Physical culture and health-improving activities are aimed at the physical development and strengthening of the child's health.

The objectives of this activity:

Development of physical qualities;

Control of physical activity and formation of physical culture of preschoolers,

Formation of correct posture, prevention of disorders of the musculoskeletal system;

Cultivate the habit of daily physical activity;

Recovery by means of hardening. Physical culture and health-improving activities are carried out by a physical education instructor in physical education classes, as well as by teachers - in the form of various gymnastics, physical education minutes, dynamic pauses, etc.;

Technologies for ensuring the socio-psychological well-being of the child

The task of this activity is to ensure emotional comfort and positive psychological well-being of the child in the process of communicating with peers and adults in kindergarten, family; ensuring the social and emotional well-being of a preschooler, since the emotional mood, mental well-being, cheerful mood of children is important for their health. In its activities, the “accompanying service” is guided by the Regulations on the Medical, Psychological and Pedagogical Service and aims to create an integral system in a preschool institution that provides optimal conditions for the development of children, taking into account age and individual characteristics, the state of somatic and mental health. In this system, diagnostic, advisory, correctional-developing, treatment-and-prophylactic and social directions interact.

Technologies of health saving and health enrichment of teachers

The whole way of life of the child in kindergarten, the caring and attentive attitude of adults to him, the high sense of responsibility of the whole team for each pupil influence the improvement of the health of children, their favorable physical development. Therefore, much attention in our preschool educational institution is paid to the selection and placement of personnel into groups, taking into account their business qualities, experience and psychological compatibility. Keeping in mind that the results of physical development depend primarily on the professional training of teachers, their pedagogical knowledge, a system of comprehensive methodological work to improve skills has been thought out.

When a child gets sick, it becomes a common misfortune. The fragile organism is fighting the disease, and we are trying with all our might to help the child: we examine him with the best doctors, give him expensive medicines. But it is not without reason that there are many various non-drug methods of influencing the body in order to improve and support it, which can be created on the basis of a kindergarten under the guidance of educators, a physical instructor, and medical workers.

This presentation presents practical and effective methods of maintaining the health of preschool children, describes a variety of methods of non-traditional health improvement that can be used in a preschool institution to prevent colds and chronic diseases, promote a healthy lifestyle.

For preschoolers with deviations in health status, it is extremely important to strictly comply with all regimen moments in accordance with existing hygiene recommendations, since they are in dire need of sufficient sleep, regulation of mental and physical stress and good rest. Therefore, when carrying out health-improving, hardening and therapeutic procedures that require certain time costs, it is necessary to take measures to ensure that the daily regimen is not violated - the duration of walks, daytime sleep, the time allotted for games, independent activities or meals are not reduced. This will be facilitated by the rational organization of the entire healing process, including the sequence, combination of procedures, the duration of their implementation, as well as good preparation for the procedures of the children themselves.

During the walk, you can play 2-3 games of varying degrees of mobility, simple story games, give children the opportunity to play on their own. All forms of work carried out on a walk, the content of children's activities in the air, the intensity of their motor activity must be correlated with weather conditions, the season of the year, and air temperature.

In the process of healing children, it is necessary to form in them a conscious attitude towards their health, to teach them to understand the meaning and advantage of good health, which allows them to participate in common games, entertainment, excursions, and trips. It is also important to constantly stimulate the development of personal hygiene skills in children and monitor their strict implementation.

It is necessary to ensure that children understand that knowing and observing the rules of personal hygiene will help them maintain health, allow them to participate in a variety of activities, improve social contacts and mood.

DIRECTIONS OF WORK FOR THE HEALTH OF CHILDREN IN DOE

FIRST direction - complex diagnostics and examination of the health status of children by specialists:

examination of children by medical personnel of the preschool educational institution;
examination of children by specialists of the children's polyclinic;
diagnosis of speech and extra-speech breathing by a speech therapist of a preschool educational institution;
identification of violations of motor activity, coordination of movements in conversations with parents and directly in the classroom in kindergarten;
diagnosing the general physical preparation of children at the beginning and at the end of the year according to the standards.

The SECOND direction includes the rational organization of motor activity of children:

morning exercises;
physical education classes (traditional, training, competition classes integrated with other activities, holidays and entertainment);
classes using mini-simulators;
rhythm;
gymnastics after sleep;
daily walking routine;
creation of the necessary developing environment;
strict observance of the motor regimen and daily regimen;
conducting physical education sessions, games with movements in free activity;
music lessons;
classes on the formation of a healthy lifestyle.

The THIRD direction defines the system of effective hardening in stages: from gentle to more intense effects, taking into account the individual characteristics of children. In this case, a set of procedures is used:

barefoot;
washing;
walking barefoot along the "paths of health" (hardening, elements of reflexology, prevention of flat feet);
air baths in lightweight clothing;
outdoor gymnastics during the warm season.

The FOURTH direction is connected with the implementation of medical and preventive work. Within its framework, the following activities are carried out:

constant posture control;
breath control in physical education classes;
selection of furniture in accordance with the growth of children;
prophylactic use of immunomodulators: oxolinic ointment for the nose;
balanced diet;
influenza vaccination;
consumption of phytoncides (garlic and onion);
the use of juices and fruits;
use of air purifiers;
physiotherapy;
inhalation;
quartzization of groups;
taking multivitamins;
massage.

The FIFTH direction is the use of practically tested and approved methods of non-traditional rehabilitation of children:

finger and articulation gymnastics recommended for use in preschool educational institutions;
breathing and sound gymnastics according to A. Strelnikova;
psycho-gymnastics according to the method of M. Chistyakova;
aromatherapy;
play massage by A. Umanskaya.

The SIXTH direction is considered a complex of psychohygienic measures:

psychodiagnostics;
elements of auto-training and relaxation;
elements of music therapy;
individual and subgroup classes in the room of psychological unloading, aimed at correcting cognitive processes and the emotional sphere;
ensuring a favorable psychological climate in the preschool educational institution.

The SEVENTH direction is rehabilitation and correctional work:

correctional work with children with flat feet and a tendency to flat feet, with a poorly formed foot;
individual work with children lagging behind in the main types of movements;
correction of the psycho-emotional sphere;
individual work in the gym and on a walk, conducted by a physical education instructor;
individual work in a group and on a walk, carried out by group educators.

The EIGHTH direction is advisory and informational work:

providing advice to all participants in the educational process, parents of pupils on issues of maintaining health and preventive measures for preschool children;
open screenings and demonstrations using health-improving technologies;
active participation of parents in the physical education and health work of the preschool educational institution;
design of folders, screens, written consultations, information stands;
organization of evenings of questions and answers with the participation of employees of the preschool educational institution, invited experts;
conducting classes with children using health technologies.

Health-improving, sanitary-hygienic and preventive measures are carried out by a psychologist, medical workers, educators, and a physical education instructor.

USE OF HEALTH-SAVING TECHNOLOGIES IN THE DAY MODE

Morning exercises:

Breathing gymnastics A. Strelnikova;

Finger gymnastics;

General developmental exercises;

dance exercises;

Using elements of exercises from various health systems: aerobics, shaping, etc.

Before class:

Acupressure, anti-stress massage, intelligent massage.

Physical education in the classroom:

- breathing exercises;

Finger gymnastics.

Morning walk:

Breathing exercises, including muscle exercises;

Rehabilitation walking, running.

Before bedtime:

Relaxation, self-regulation.

After sleep:

Awakening gymnastics;

Breathing exercises;

Finger gymnastics;

Walking with the use of non-standard physical culture equipment (prevention of flat feet, correction (prevention) of posture, scoliosis).

Before dinner:

Massage for the prevention of colds;

Physical education - 2 times a week;

Rhythmic gymnastics - once a week.

GAME MASSAGE

Includes several types of massage.

Hardening breath.This type of hardening strengthens the entire respiratory tract. Its essence lies in the implementation of a set of playing exercises with the nose. Recommended for younger children, but can also be used with older children. It is carried out 2-3 times a day.

- "Find and show the nose";

- “Help the nose get ready for a walk” (cleansing the nose with a napkin or handkerchief).

- “The nose is walking” - inhale and exhale through the nose.

- “The nose indulges” - inhale through the nose with resistance.

- “The nose smells a pleasant smell” - 10 breaths and exhalations through the right and left nostrils alternately.

- “The nose sings a song” - while exhaling, tap the wings of the nose with your index finger and say “ba - bo - bu”.

- "Warm up the nose" - massage the nose with index fingers.

Hand massage. Intensive action on the fingertips stimulates the flow of blood to the hands. This favors psycho-emotional stability and physical health, increases the functional activity of the brain, and tones the entire body.

Ear massage. This type of hardening is based on the stimulation of biologically active points located on the auricle and reflexively connected with almost all organs of the body. Massage of these points is useful, in particular, to improve the functioning of the respiratory system and to protect the body from colds. It is accessible to children of all ages. It is recommended to carry out in the form of a game 2-3 times a day.

- "We will find and show the ears";

- "Pat his ears";

- "Pull the ears" - pulling the earlobes;

- "Let's twist the tragus";

- "We'll rub our ears."

Hardening soles massage.This type of massage is recommended for children of middle and older preschool age. It is based on the stimulation of active points located on the soles of the feet. Foot massage done daily.

COMPLEXES OF CORRECTIONAL PHYSICAL MINUTES FOR CHILDREN WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENT

1. "Rain"

The first drop fell - drop!(From above pointing

its trajectory)

And the second came running - cap!

We looked at the sky(Look up).

Droplets of drip-drops sang.

wet faces,

We wipe them off. (Wipe face with hands.)

Shoes, look(Show hands down and

They became wet. watching.)

Let's move our shoulders together(Shoulder movements.)

And shake off all the drops.

Run away from the rain

Let's sit under a bush.(They sit down.)

2. "Charging"

And now it's all right

Let's get up and recharge.(Rise, hands on the belt.)

Hands to the sides - bent,(Perform these movements.)

Raised up - waved,

Hid behind their backs

Looked back:

Over the right shoulder

Through the left.

They sat down together - they touched their heels,

Got up on toes

Put your hands down.

3. "Airplane"

an airplane is flying,

I took off with him.(Look up and swipe

behind a passing plane.)

The right wing took away -

Looked. (Put hands up alternately

The left wing took -and follow with a glance.)

I looked.

I start the engine

And I look closely.in front of the chest and trace

look.)

I rise, I fly up.(Rise on toes and perform

I don't want to return.flying motion.)

4. "Beetle"

A beetle flew into our group,(Threaten with finger.)

He buzzed and sang: “zh-zh-zh”.

Here he flew to the right,(Indicate direction with hand and

Everyone looked to the right. and follow with a glance.)

Here he flew to the left.

Everyone looked to the left.

The beetle wants to sit on the nose,(The right hand indicates the direction

Let's not let him sit down.Movement to the nose from the side.)

Our beetle has landed.(Direction down

And squats.)

Buzzed and landed.(Make a rotating motion

W-w-w-w-w-w. hands like a top and stand up.)

Beetle, here is the right palm,

Sit for a while.(Alternately extend their hands

Beetle, here is the left palm,and look at them.)

Sit for a while.

The beetle flew up(Raise hands up and look.)

And sat on the ceiling.

We got up on our toes(Rise on toes

and stretch their arms up.)

Let's clap together (clapping over head.)

Clap - clap - clap,(Imitates the flight of a beetle and

So that he can fly.They sit on chairs.)

W-w-w-w-w.

5. "Walk in the winter forest"

We came to the winter forest.(Walking around the room.)

How many miracles are around here!(Shake hands.)

On the right - a birch in a fur coat is standing,(Hands are taken to the indicated side

On the left, the tree is looking at us. and look.)

Snowflakes are spinning in the sky.(Movement "flashlights" and look up.)

They lay down nicely on the ground.(They sit down.)

Here the bunny jumped(Jumping.)

He ran away from the fox.

This is a gray wolf roaming(Hands on the belt, tilts to the sides.)

He is looking for prey.

We are all hiding now(They sit down, hiding.)

Then he will not find us!

Only the bear sleeps in the den(Imitate sleep.)

So it sleeps all winter.

The snowmen are flying

How beautiful they are! (Imitate the flight of birds.)

Beauty and peace in the forest(Spread hands to the sides.)

And it's time for us to go home.(They sit down in their seats.)

HOW WE WAKE UP

It is very important that every morning you start with positive emotions, with a good mood. Wake up with the thought that the day will bring you good luck. Set yourself up for the good. Morning mental attitude will help you overcome obstacles that arise, survive grief. Learn to manage your actions and feelings. This will help you save your vitality and health. Fix the morning psychological mood, say with a smile: “Good morning” to yourself, your family and friends, greet children, parents, employees with a smile. A smile is the key to a good mood. And the mood, as you know, is transmitted. So let's send each other only good mood.

Concentrate all your strength to solve problems and overcome difficulties. Use the following forms of self-hypnosis: “I can be friendly, patient, kind…”, “I am in a good mood”, “Even if it’s not easy at all, I can handle it”, “It needs to be done”, “Don’t give in to weakness”, "Everything will be fine", "Everything will change for the better." Wish everyone "Good, Love and Harmony".

So, you woke up, tuned your thoughts to positive emotions, smiled.

Lying on your back, rub your palms, stroke your hands from the hands up, rub your ears with your palms, as if washing your face, stroke your stomach in a clockwise circular motion. You will feel how your body is gradually awakening, each cell is filled with vivacity and freshness.

Now remove the pillow and stretch well on your back. Stretch your arms behind your head, and legs alternately forward. Relax and stretch both legs together. Repeat each exercise 3-5 times.

Breathing is calm, voluntary, through the nose, inhalation is shorter than exhalation. Sipping awakens the body, normalizes blood circulation, relieves lethargy, drowsiness.

GYMNASTICS OF AWAKENING

1. Inhale calmly, exhale with a full breath.

2. Wiggle your fingers and toes.

3. Clench your fingers into fists.

4. Bend your arms at the elbows and, raising them above your head, connect them into a lock.

5. Stretch well with your whole body, causing an artificial yawn.

6. Lower your arms.

7. Rub your palms until warm.

8. "Wash" your face, neck with warm palms.

9. Pull the right leg with the heel, toe towards you.

10. Pull the left leg with the heel, the toe towards you.

11. Pull two legs together.

12. Bend over.

13. Sat down.

14. Lock your hands together and stretch with your palms turned up.

15. Mentally wish all relatives, friends, health, kindness and joy, good mood.

INTELLIGENT MASSAGE

1. Pull your ears forward - back, even to 10, start with your eyes open, then with your eyes closed.

2. Massage the cheeks with circular movements of the fingers.

3. Massage the forehead and chin in a circular motion, as if drawing circles.

4. Eyelid massage. We fold our fingers with scissors and massage the upper and lower eyelids without closing our eyes.

5. Nose massage. With the pads of the index fingers, press from the bridge of the nose to the wings of the nose.

6. Jaw movements from left to right and vice versa.

ANTI-STRESS MASSAGE

1. Finger massage:

We press on the phalanx of the fingers, from above - from below, from the right - to the left;

We massage each finger in circular motions and movements from top to bottom.

2. Massage the wrist in circular motions.

3. Hand massage. Exercises "wash my hands", rubbing the palms and "warm the cheeks."

4. Forehead massage. With your fingertips from the middle of the forehead, stroke the neck, forehead, cheeks and discard.

5. Shoulder massage. Pinching of the shoulders from the neck down.

6. Neck massage. With index fingers, massage from the bottom up and reset.

7. Neck massage. With both hands, massage the neck from the spine from the bottom up and reset.

8. Head massage. Above the ears to the top point, from the forehead to the top point.

9. Ear massage. Pinch the ear from top to bottom and reset.

10. Ear massage.

RELAXATION

Lying on your back. Hands along the body, palms down or up, slightly bent at the elbows. Close your eyes, make sure that your teeth are not closed, and your lips are compressed. Lie quietly, but gradually sinking into slumber, as in a warm bath. Extraneous thoughts go away. Nothing distracts you, nothing bothers you. A pleasant warm breeze blows over the body, relaxes the muscles.

The muscles of the lips are relaxed, the corners of the mouth are slightly lowered.

The muscles of the cheeks are relaxed. The eyelids close tightly. They got heavy, heavy. The muscles of the face are relaxed. You don't feel them.

The leg muscles are relaxed. With each exhalation, the wave of peace intensifies. You don't feel your legs. You are resting.

The muscles of the back are relaxed. The back, as it were, connects to the surface on which you lie. You feel lightness throughout your body.

The heart beats calmly, rhythmically. Breathing is easy, free. You are completely calm. Complete peace takes over you. You are resting. Your strength is restored, every cell of your body is filled with health.

SPECIAL HARDENING MEASURES

1. Daily carry out air baths in combination with physical exercises.

2. Rinse your mouth with boiled water at room temperature after each meal.

3. Widely use non-traditional physical culture equipment for hardening and rehabilitation.

4. Daily use rhythmic movements in morning exercises.

5. Use dynamic, static breathing exercises in your work.

6. After sleep, perform movements to wake up.

7. Apply acupressure

8. In the spring - winter period, introduce fortification and herbal medicine.

AIR HARDENING

The first requirement for ventilation during the hardening of children in children's institutions is a combination of hygienic living conditions for children. This is primarily the provision of clean air and a rational combination of ambient temperature and children's clothing.

The temperature is at the level of a child from 2 to 3 years old + 19 - + 20. At this temperature, the stress of thermoregulation processes in a child is minimal. Children must be in 2-layer clothing:

For boys: shorts, T-shirt, shirt;

For girls: T-shirt, cotton dress, stockings, sandals.

Walking barefoot after sleep up to 5 minutes.

Through ventilation is carried out (5-7 minutes) in the absence of children, the temperature should not fall below + 18 degrees.

Ventilation schedule

1. In the morning, before the arrival of the children.

2. Before class.

3. After the children leave for a walk.

4. Before going to bed.

5. After lunch.

Literature:

Alyamovskaya V.G. New approaches to planning educational work in kindergarten. - // Management of the preschool educational institution, N3, 2002, p. 21-27.
Sokratov N.V. Modern technologies for the preservation and promotion of children's health. –M.: TC Sphere, 2005
Zimonina V.A. Raising a preschool child. I grow up healthy. M.; VLADOS, 2003-304 p.
Kuznetsova M.N. The system of complex measures for the improvement of children in preschool educational institutions. M.: ARKTI, 2002 - 64 p.
Morgunova O.N. Physical culture and health work in the preschool educational institution. Voronezh, 2005 - 127 p.
Penzulaeva L.I. Improving gymnastics for preschool children M .: 2004
Chupakha I.V. Health-saving technologies in the educational process. M: 2003 - 143 p.
Voloshina L. Organization of health-saving space//Preschool education.-2004.-N1.-p.114-117.
Gymnastics for the eyes. - // Preschool Pedagogy, December, 2007. - p.26-27.

Mariam Voskanyan
Health-saving technologies in kindergarten

« Health-saving technologies in kindergarten»

Senior caregiver groups: Voskanyan M.P.

Preschool age is decisive in the formation of the foundation of physical and mental health. Until the age of 7, a person goes through a huge path of development, which is unique throughout his subsequent life. It is during this period that the intensive development of organs and the formation of the functional systems of the body take place, the main personality traits are laid, the character, attitude towards oneself and others is formed. It is very important at this stage to form a knowledge base and practical skills in children. healthy lifestyle, a conscious need for systematic physical education and sports.

A preschool educational institution must constantly master a set of measures aimed at preserving health child at all stages of his education and development. There are various forms and types of activities aimed at preserving and strengthening pupils' health. Their complex has now received the common name « health-saving technologies» .

The main purpose of these new technologies- to unite teachers, psychologists, doctors, parents and, most importantly, the children themselves for the preservation, strengthening and development health. So what is « health-saving technology» ? Health saving technology is a complete system of educational wellness, corrective and preventive measures that are carried out in the process of interaction between the child and the teacher, the child and the parents, the child and the doctor.

Target health-saving educational technologies- provide a preschooler with the opportunity to save health to develop the necessary knowledge, skills and abilities in healthy lifestyle learn how to use the acquired knowledge in everyday life. Health-saving pedagogical technologies are used in various activities and are presented how: technology conservation and promotion health; healthy lifestyle education technologies; corrective technology. It is necessary to create pedagogical conditions health-saving the process of upbringing and development of children, the main of which are: organization of various activities for children in a playful way; construction of the educational process in the form of a model of culture; organization of cultural creativity of preschool children; equipping children's activities with equipment, toys, games, game exercises and manuals. All this work should be carried out comprehensively, throughout the day and with the participation of medical and pedagogical workers: educator, musical director. Special attention should be paid to teaching preschoolers basic movements and skills healthy lifestyle putting into practice the implementation of various methods and techniques to create an environment health-saving process.

Technology conservation and promotion health:

Dynamic pauses are held during classes, 2-5 minutes, as children get tired. During their implementation, elements of gymnastics for the eyes, respiratory, finger gymnastics and others are included, depending on the type of lesson.

Mobile and sports games are held daily as part of a physical education lesson, on a walk, in a small group room, with an average degree of mobility. Games are selected according to the age of the child, the place and time of its holding.

Relaxation. For mental health children need a balance of positive and negative emotions to maintain peace of mind and life-affirming behavior. Our task is not to suppress or eradicate emotions, but to teach children to feel their emotions, control their behavior, listen to their bodies. To this end, in my work I use specially selected exercises to relax certain parts of the body and the whole organism. Conducted in any suitable room. Depending on the condition of the children and goals, the intensity is determined technology. Used to work calm classical music (Tchaikovsky, Rachmaninoff), sounds of nature. Children really like doing such exercises, because they have an element of the game. They quickly learn this difficult ability to relax.

Finger gymnastics is carried out individually, or with a subgroup of children daily. Trains fine motor skills, stimulates speech, spatial thinking, attention, blood circulation, imagination, speed of reaction. Useful for all children, especially with speech problems. Conducted at any convenient time. Gymnastics for the eyes is carried out daily for 3-5 minutes. at any free time, depending on the intensity of the visual load, it helps to relieve static tension in the muscles of the eyes, blood circulation. During its implementation, visual material is used, showing the teacher. Respiratory gymnastics is carried out in various forms of physical culture - health work. In children, oxygen metabolism is activated in all tissues of the body, which contributes to the normalization and optimization of its work as a whole. Invigorating gymnastics is carried out daily after daytime sleep for 5-10 minutes. Its complex includes exercises on beds for awakening, exercises for correcting flat feet, educating correct posture, and extensive washing. For preventive purposes, each teacher made a rug with buttons. Children enjoy walking on it after a nap. The track perfectly massages the baby's feet, strengthens the muscles and ligaments of the foot, protecting the body as a whole.

Health-saving educational technologies- is first of all technology education of valeological culture or culture baby health.

The purpose of these technologies- the formation of a conscious attitude of the child to human health and life, the accumulation of knowledge about health and the development of the ability to protect, maintain and preserve it, the acquisition of valeological competence, which allows the preschooler to independently and effectively solve problems healthy lifestyle and safe behavior, tasks related to the provision of elementary medical, psychological self-help and assistance.

In other words, it is important to achieve such a result that children, crossing the threshold "adult life", not only had high potential health, allowing you to healthy lifestyle, but also had a store of knowledge that allows them to do it right.

Technologies for teaching a healthy lifestyle:

Morning exercises should be carried out daily for 6-8 minutes. with musical accompaniment. Music should accompany each exercise. At the same time, rhythmic skills and abilities are formed in children. Physical education classes are held 3 times a week for 20-25 minutes. in accordance with the program according to which the preschool educational institution works (traditional, plot-game, integrated wellness). They are aimed at teaching motor skills and abilities. Regular exercise strengthens the body and improves immunity. And the presence of music in the classroom helps to improve the psychological and physiological state of the child's body.

Self-massage is a massage performed by the child himself. It improves blood circulation, helps to normalize the work of internal organs, improve posture. It contributes not only to the physical strengthening of a person, but also recovery of his psyche. For children, self-massage is the prevention of scoliosis, colds. It favors psycho-emotional resistance to physical health, increases the functional activity of the brain, tones the entire body. Self-massage is carried out in a game form daily in the form of a five-minute lesson or as a dynamic pause in the classroom.

Cheerful poems, vivid images that play with massage movements, their simplicity, accessibility, the ability to use in various settings and at any time contribute to changing the position of the child from the object to the subject of pedagogical influence, and this is a guarantee of the success of rehabilitation, correctional and developmental work.

Active recreation (physical culture leisure, physical culture holiday, musical leisure, "Day health» ). When spending leisure time, holidays, all children are involved in direct participation in various competitions, competitions, enthusiastically perform motor tasks, while children behave more relaxed than in physical education, and this allows them to move without much stress. At the same time, those motor skills and abilities that they have already firmly mastered are used, therefore, children show a kind of artistry, aesthetics in movements. Physical culture holidays and leisure activities are necessarily accompanied by music: it has a beneficial effect on the development of a sense of beauty in children, strengthens the ability to move to music, understand the nature of a piece of music, develops an ear for music, memory. Location on children's The garden has sports equipment that allows you to provide maximum physical activity for children on a walk.

Corrective technology:

Articulatory gymnastics - exercises for training the organs of articulation (lips, tongue, lower jaw, necessary for correct sound pronunciation, help to quickly "put" correct sound pronunciation, to overcome already existing violations of sound pronunciation. Classes for the prevention and correction of speech disorders with children are conducted by a speech therapist.

Technology musical impact. Music has a strong psychological effect on children. It affects the state of the nervous system (calms, relaxes or, conversely, excites, excites, causes various emotional states (from peace, tranquility and harmony to anxiety, depression or aggression). In this regard, it is important to pay attention to what kind of music we listen to us and our children.When using music, it is necessary to remember the peculiarities of the impact of the nature of the melody, rhythm and volume on the mental state of children.Use as an aid as part of other technologies, to relieve stress, increase emotional mood. Use music to accompany the educational activities of preschoolers (in the classroom for art activities, design, familiarization with the outside world, etc.) Calm music that evokes feelings of joy, peace, love can harmonize the emotional state of a small listener, as well as develop concentration. Music can also be used before bed to help children who have difficulty falling asleep to calm down and relax. When the children go to bed, turn on calm, quiet, melodic, soft music and ask them to close their eyes and imagine themselves in the forest, on the seashore, in garden or in any other place that causes them positive emotions. I draw the attention of children to how each part of their body relaxes and rests.

Fairy tale therapy is used for psychotherapeutic and developmental work. The story can be told by an adult, or it can be a group story. You can use author's fairy tales, because they have a lot of instructive. Fairy tales not only need to be read, but also discussed with children. Children are very fond of "personify" beat them. To do this, you can use the puppet theater, role-playing games in which children transform into different fairy-tale characters. Children also compose fairy tales themselves, because a fairy tale invented by a child, revealing the essence of the problem, is the basis of fairy tale therapy. Through a fairy tale, you can learn about such experiences of children that they themselves are not really aware of, or are embarrassed to discuss them with adults.

Thus, each of the considered technology has a health focus, and used in the complex health-saving activity eventually forms in the child the habit of healthy lifestyle. family and children's garden in a chronological series are connected by a form of continuity, which facilitates the continuity of the upbringing and education of children. The most important condition for succession is the establishment of a trusting business contact between the family and kindergarten during which the educational position of parents and teachers is corrected. We can say with confidence that not one, even the best physical culture wellness the program will not be able to give full results if it is not implemented in partnership with the family. It is necessary to improve the psychological and pedagogical competence of parents, including in matters of strengthening children's health, include them in the process of active interaction with the preschool educational institution.

In the process of organizing a unified health-saving preschool and family space, use a variety of forms work:

open classes with children for parents;

pedagogical conversations with parents

general and group parent meetings;

consultations;

classes with the participation of parents;

Exhibitions children's work made together with parents;

Open days;

participation of parents in the preparation and holding of holidays, sports activities;

joint creation of a subject-developing environment;

work with the parent committee of the group, questioning.

Visual stands acquaint parents with the life of the group, with the Convention on the Rights of the Child, with the age-related physiological characteristics of children. Use information in parent corners, in slide folders ( "Child development and health» , "Movement Games" "Movement is the basis health» , "Formation of correct posture and prevention of its violations", "Winter games with a child" etc.).

Thus, the ongoing physical education wellness work allows you to involve parents in joint efforts to children's health body during the entire stay in a preschool institution. Application at work health-saving pedagogical technologies increases the effectiveness of the upbringing and educational process, forms value orientations among teachers and parents aimed at preserving and strengthening pupils' health, and the child has a strong motivation for healthy lifestyle.

The article on health-saving technologies is intended for educators, as well as other employees of kindergartens who use them in the educational process. This article describes the types of health-saving technologies, their relevance, as well as how they can be introduced into the educational process in preschool educational institutions.

Purpose of the article: reveal the meaning of the need to introduce health-saving technologies in preschool educational institutions and describe the mechanisms for implementing this activity.

Human health will always be a hot topic. It cannot be controlled with drugs. There is a more effective means - movement. Physical exercise must certainly enter the lifestyle of every person who thinks that it is necessary to maintain working capacity, health and a fulfilling life for life.

Preschool age is a decisive stage in the formation of the foundations of the mental and physical health of children. It is during these years that organs are intensively formed and the functional systems of the body develop. In recent years, a steady downward trend in the level of health of preschoolers has been noticed, more and more children show impaired speech and mental development. All this makes it necessary to search for mechanisms that would help change the situation.

The main task of kindergarten teachers is to prepare a preschooler for a future independent life, providing him with the necessary conditions for obtaining and consolidating stable skills, abilities, knowledge, and cultivating the necessary habits in him. But, can every teacher or just an adult be indifferent to the unfavorable state of health of their pupils, to its noticeable deterioration? One of the answers is the demand for health-saving technologies among teachers.

Health-saving technologies are:

an organized set of techniques, programs, methods of organizing the educational process, which does not harm the health of children;
qualitative characteristics of pedagogical technologies according to the criterion of their effect on the health of participants in the pedagogical process;
technological base of health-saving pedagogy.

The purpose of health-saving technology is to provide each preschool child with a high level of health, giving him the necessary baggage of skills, knowledge, skills that are needed for a healthy lifestyle, laying in him a culture of health.

This goal is achieved by solving many problems by the teacher in the course of his activity. Educators teach children the culture of health, how to take care of their bodies, i.e. reasonable attitude to personal health, safe behavior.

Tasks of health-saving technologies:

To unite the efforts of parents and the teaching staff for the effective organization of sports and recreational work, the prevention of postural disorders and flat feet;
To teach pupils safe behavior in emergency situations in the city and in natural conditions;
To carry out continuity between the preschool educational institution and the school through physical education and health work.

Health-saving technologies are generally divided into 4 groups:

I. Technologies for preserving and stimulating the health of preschool children.

Dynamic pauses (physical education minutes, including finger, breathing, eye gymnastics and articulatory gymnastics);
Sports and outdoor games;
Trainers, contrast track.

II. Healthy lifestyle education technologies.

Physical education;
Gymnastics after sleep;
Acupressure;
Swimming pool;
Sports holidays, entertainment;
Media (situational small games - imitative role-playing simulation game);
Health Day.

III. Technologies of musical influence.

Music therapy;
Fairy tale therapy.

IV. Behavior correction technology.

A teacher who feels like a guardian of children's health, who brings up a culture of health for children and their parents, must himself be healthy, have valeological knowledge, not be overworked, be able to objectively assess his shortcomings and advantages associated with the profession. He must make a plan for self-correction and begin to implement it.

In order to realize the enriched physical development and rehabilitation of children in preschool educational institutions, non-traditional methods are used.

Each group should be equipped with a "Health Corner". It should contain traditional aids (massagers, massage mats, sports equipment), as well as non-standard hand-made equipment:

"Dry Aquarium" It helps relieve tension and fatigue, relaxes the muscles of the shoulder girdle.
Cork rug. Walking on such a rug massages the feet.
Turntables, sultans. Necessary for the development of speech breathing, to train the work of the lungs, to increase their volume.
Massagers, including homemade ones. It is known that there are many points on the palms of the hands, massaging which can affect different points of the body.
Rugs and ropes with knots. Needed for foot massage, which contributes to the development of coordination of movements.

Improving gymnastics should be done daily after sleep, barefoot to the music.

The health-improving regimens of the group should include the spectrum of medical and restorative techniques:

gymnastics for the eyes (relieves static tension of the eye muscles, improves blood circulation);
mimic workouts;
finger gymnastics (affects the development of fine motor skills, stimulates the development of speech, attention, spatial thinking, helps to develop speed of reaction);
breathing exercises (strengthens and develops the chest);
acupressure;
exercises and games for the correction and prevention of posture and flat feet.

As a result, health-saving activity forms a child's motivation for a healthy lifestyle, full development.

Implementation of the set goals in practice

Dynamic pauses. Organizes and conducts the teacher during classes, 2-5 minutes. This includes elements of breathing exercises, gymnastics for the eyes. Proper breathing helps to avoid sinusitis, asthma, neurosis, relieves runny nose, headache, colds, gastrointestinal disorders, sleep, helps to quickly restore performance after physical and mental fatigue.

In order for breathing to be complete, the following rules must be observed:

You need to breathe only through the nose, rhythmically and evenly;
Try to fill the lungs with air to the maximum on inhalation, and exhale as much as possible on exhalation;
Classes should be stopped at the slightest discomfort;
Breathing exercises should take place in a well-ventilated room, in a friendly environment;
Pupils should master the set of exercises gradually. Every week, one exercise is added.

The systematic conduct of physical exercises helps to improve the psycho-emotional state, changes the attitude towards oneself and one's health for the better.

Physical education can be conducted by one of the children.

Mobile and sports games. They should be conducted by educators or the head of physical education. Used as a physical activity in the gym, in the game room or on a walk.

Relaxation. Conducted by the head of physical education, a psychologist or educators in any suitable room. Suitable for all age groups. It is recommended to use calm classical music during relaxation (Rakhmaninov, Tchaikovsky, sounds of nature).

Finger gymnastics. Recommended from a younger age with a subgroup, or individually. A speech therapist or educator conducts gymnastics. Useful for absolutely all children, but especially necessary for those who have problems in the development of speech. Such gymnastics can be carried out at any time, including during classes.

Gymnastics for the eyes. Should be carried out daily, for 3-5 minutes, in any free time, in the classroom. Removes visual stress.

Breathing exercises. It is introduced in various forms of physical culture and health work, at physical training sessions, during classes, and also after sleep - during general gymnastics.

Invigorating gymnastics. It is organized and carried out daily after daytime sleep, 5-10 minutes. Free form of carrying out: extensive washing, exercises on beds; walking on relief boards. Conducted by a teacher.

Gymnastics orthopedic and corrective. It is carried out in various forms of physical culture and health-improving work. Conducted by a physical education worker or educator.

Physical education. Should take place in a well-ventilated area, 2-3 times a week, in the gym. Younger age - 15-20 minutes, middle age - 20-25 minutes, senior age - 25-30 minutes. Conducted by the head of physical education or educators.

Problem-play situations. Organized in your free time, you can in the afternoon. Strictly time is not fixed, classes are held depending on the tasks set by the teacher. The lesson can be organized even imperceptibly for children, the teacher is included in the game activity.

Purposeful formation of the elementary foundations of mental self-regulation in 5-year-old children can be achieved through role-playing games, outdoor games and physical education sessions.

Communicative games "I know myself" E.V. Kharlmapova and M.V. Karepanova. Once a week for 30 minutes, starting with older age. This includes sketches, conversations and games of different levels of mobility, drawing classes that contribute to the rapid adaptation of children in a team. Conducted by a psychologist.

Classes from the series "Health" for children and parents as a cognitive development. Once a week for 30 minutes. Spend in the afternoon, starting with older age. Organized and led by educators.

Self-massage. It is carried out in various forms of physical culture and health work, or during physical education sessions in order to prevent colds.

Psychogymnastics. Conducted by a psychologist. Once a week, starting from older age for 25-30 minutes.

Fairy tale impact technology. A fairy tale is a mirror that reflects the real world through the prism of personal perception. It can be everything that cannot be in life. In fairy tale therapy classes with children, you can create verbal images. Remembering old images and inventing new ones, children expand their figurative repertoire, the child's inner world becomes richer. This is a real chance to understand and accept yourself and the world, change in the right direction and increase self-esteem.

Since there are positive and negative feelings, both joyful and frightening images arise in children. One of the most important goals of the classes is to transform negative images into positive ones. To make the world of the child beautiful and joyful. A calm state of the nervous system gives the child health.

A fairy tale can be told by an adult or it can be a group story, when the narrator is not one person, but a group of children.

Technologies of musical impact. They are implemented in various forms of physical culture and health-improving work. They are used to relieve tension, increase emotional mood, etc. Classes can be conducted by a teacher and a music director.

Additionally, hardening methods are used:

Washing with water after a daytime sleep;
Rinsing the mouth and gargling with decoctions of herbs (chamomile, sage, calendula), which have an antiseptic effect on the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract, or a solution of sea salt. It should be carried out daily after lunch, for 2 weeks alternately;
Walking barefoot along with air baths can be carried out during physical education classes and after daytime sleep.

A healthy lifestyle includes adequate physical activity, personal hygiene, rational nutrition, a healthy psychological climate in the family, school, kindergarten, attention to personal health, and the absence of bad habits.

Health-saving technologies that are used in work with parents

Consultations with parents, conversations, recommendations on the prevention of diseases, the benefits of additional walks and classes in sports sections, on personal hygiene;
You can also answer all these questions at parent meetings;
Folder layouts;
Personal example of a teacher;
Non-traditional forms of work with parents, practical demonstrations;
Questioning;
Joint actions: days of health, sports holidays;
Booklets, memos from the series "Finger gymnastics", "How to harden a child correctly?";
Open days;
Teaching parents how to improve their children's health (workshops, trainings);
Issue of the DOW newspaper, etc.

Creating conditions for health-saving education of preschoolers implies:

Organization of children's activities in a playful way;
Organization of cultural creativity of preschoolers;
Construction of the pedagogical process in the form of a model of culture;
Supply of children's activities with toys, equipment, games, manuals.

All this work should be carried out comprehensively, throughout the day. Both pedagogical and medical workers should participate in this work: a psychologist, a speech therapist, an educator, a physical education instructor, and a music director.

Parents are the main educators of the child. How the child's day is organized, how much attention parents pay to the child's health, depends on his mood, psychological comfort. A healthy lifestyle of a child, to which he is taught in kindergarten, can either be supported daily at home and consolidated, or not find support, then the information received by the child will be painful and superfluous for him.

So, health care is one of the most important tasks of every person. Health among all blessings on Earth is the most valuable gift that cannot be replaced by anything, but people do not take care of it as it is necessary. It is important to understand that caring for children's health today is a full-fledged labor potential of our entire country in the near future.

Teachers, doctors, parents, everyone wants our children to study well, become stronger every year, grow up and go out into a great life as people who are not only knowledgeable, but also healthy. After all, health is a priceless gift!

Bibliography:

Voloshina L. Organization of health-saving space//Preschool education. -2004.-N1.-C.114-117.
Ternovskaya S.A., Teplyakova L.A. Creating a health-saving educational environment in a preschool educational institution // Methodist. -2005.-N4.-C.61-65.
New health-saving technologies in the education and upbringing of children. S. Chubarova, G. Kozlovskaya, V. Eremeeva // Development of personality. -N2.-C.171-187.