Peasant family. Family porridge boils thicker The meaning of the proverb family porridge boils thicker

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Peasant family

A spirit of mutual assistance reigned in the peasant family, responsibilities were strictly distributed, traditions, labor skills, and moral principles were passed on from generation to generation.

"The porridge is thicker in the family"

The family's authority among the people was unusually high. A man who did not want to start a family in adulthood aroused suspicion among neighbors. Only two reasons were considered valid - illness or a desire to go to a monastery. Russian proverbs and sayings assessed the meaning of the family: "Not married - not a person", "In the family and porridge is thicker", "A family in a heap is not afraid of a cloud".

In the distant Middle Ages, peasants lived in large patriarchal families of 15-20 people: elderly parents, married sons with children and grandchildren - three or four generations of relatives. It used to be a little cramped for such a family in a small peasant house. Maybe it was then that the saying "In the cramped, but not offended" was born?

In the XVII century. dominated by families of no more than 10 people, consisting, as a rule, of representatives of two generations - parents and children. The head of the family was the eldest man in the house. He was respectfully called "highway". Even grown-up married sons with children of their own reckoned with him. Bolshak disposed of the family's property and the fate of its members, supervised field work, and distributed labor duties. During dinner, the highway sat in a place of honor in the red corner of the hut under the icons.

The peasant conjugal union was based primarily on economic interests. Such a sacred feeling for many people, like love, was rarely taken into account. The landowner married the serfs at his own discretion. And the folk tradition did not provide for the mutual consent of a boy and a girl to marriage - for them everything was decided by the parents.

They tried to choose the bride not so much beautiful as healthy, skillful, hardworking. After all, after marriage, she had to take over the entire household, raise children, take care of cattle, work in the garden, the field. The "naughty" and "netkahi" were much less likely to get married than a skilled needlewoman. Such a seemingly utilitarian approach to creating a family did not mean at all that the union of two people was fragile. The spouses were united by a common concern: about the household, about children, about the house. Well, as for love - "will endure, fall in love" - ​​was considered in the old days.

In the old days they got married very early. "Pilot Book" - a set of church rules, compiled in the XIII century. and regulating, among other things, family relations, - established the age of marriage for girls - 13, for boys - 15 years. Cases of earlier marriages were not uncommon. Fighting with them, "Stoglav" in the middle of the XVI century. obliged priests to marry girls no younger than 12, and boys - 15 years old. There were other restrictions on marriage. It was forbidden, for example, to marry relatives up to the sixth generation, that is, a second cousin and sister. The church refused to marry a bride and groom who were nepotism, matchmaking, or godfatherhood. It was forbidden for the Orthodox to marry a person of another faith or not at all baptized.

Church rules allowed marriage to be contracted no more than three times. Even the second marriage was considered sinful, and the church imposed a punishment on those entering it - penance, which forbade communion for two years. Moreover, the second marriage took place without a wedding, as well as the third, accompanied by a five-year penance. How unacceptable subsequent marriages were for the church, was reflected by "Stoglav" in the dictum of Gregory the Theologian: "The first marriage is the law, the second is forgiveness, the third is crime, the fourth is wickedness, there is still a swine to live."

The birth of a new family was necessarily accompanied by a merry wedding. Russian wedding is one of the most amazing phenomena of folk culture. Both simple peasants and autocratic tsars followed its traditions. The Russian wedding has historically combined two ancient rituals - the folk one called "joy", and the Christian one - the wedding. Moreover, for a long time, up to the 16th century, marriage without a wedding was widespread among the people.

Autumn and winter were considered the best wedding times in the village, when all agricultural work was completed. The peasants had free time, which was required a lot to prepare the wedding celebration.

"Do not choose a bride, check your matchmaker"

The wedding was necessarily preceded by matchmaking. The question of choosing a groom or a bride in those days, as already mentioned, was decided by the parents alone. It was not customary to consult with the groom or the bride. In theory, they could only meet for the first time under the aisle. True, in the village, where everyone is in full view of each other, this could hardly happen.

The main role in the matchmaking was played by the matchmaker. “Don't choose a bride, choose a matchmaker,” popular wisdom taught. Most often, this duty was performed by an elderly, experienced woman, a relative or an acquaintance of the groom's family. The matchmaker was required to have a special ability to speak beautifully and convincingly, because she often had to praise not very popular "goods". It was not for nothing that the people used to say: "At Svashechka's speeches, like on a sleigh - even sit down and roll."

Usually the matchmaker came to the bride's house and from afar, with allegories and hints, started a conversation. Her dialogue with the bride's parents could look something like this. Matchmaker: "You have a product, we have a merchant." If the parents wanted to refuse, they answered: "Our product is not for sale", if they wanted to continue the conversation, they invited the matchmaker to the table, "for bread and salt."

The matchmaker or matchmaker did not always fulfill their duties conscientiously. There is an amusing incident from the history of a city wedding in the 17th century. A certain matchmaker agreed with the father of the crooked bride to deceive the groom, of course, not disinterestedly. The matchmaker told the groom that he could see the bride sitting at the open window of her house at such and such an hour. The girl really sat at the window, but so that the crooked eye was not visible from the street. The groom, who did not suspect a trick, liked the bride, and he agreed to marry.

In order to avoid such misunderstandings, after successful negotiations, the matchmakers with the bride's parents arranged a bride show. The groom's mother or her confidant - the caretaker - came to the bride's house. She talked to the girl and watched her carefully, wanting to make sure how smart and good-looking she was.

After the show, a "conspiracy" took place. At this point, the groom himself with his father or older brother came to visit the bride's parents. They were greeted at the gates of the house as guests of honor, escorted to the hut and seated on a bench in the red corner. Only men were involved in the conspiracy. The bride herself did not appear to the groom: she hid behind the stove or hid in the beds. Both parties agreed on wedding expenses, timing, dowry, gifts from the groom to the bride. Then, as a sign of agreement, they "shook hands." From that moment on, the question of the wedding was considered resolved, and its preparation began.

In peasant families, almost from the day of the daughter's birth, parents began to collect her dowry in a separate chest: pieces of linen, clothes, shoes, jewelry, bed linen and much more. Having learned handicraft, the girl replenished the chest with her own products - embroidered, knitted, woven.

In the evening, on the eve of the wedding, a bachelorette party was held in the bride's house. The girlfriends helped to pack the dowry, and the bride, saying goodbye to them, sang sad songs:

From time immemorial it was customary that the groom, even if he was one of slaves, on the wedding day was called "prince", and the bride - "princess". Before the celebration, according to an ancient tradition, they were assigned wedding ranks from relatives and friends: "tysyatsky", "boyfriends", "boyars", "bed-room", "poezzhans", etc. Tysyatsky was the main manager at the wedding. He accompanied the groom everywhere and everywhere. Friends called guests, made speeches, sent gifts on behalf of the young. The people of train accompanied the wedding train. Boyars made up a team of honored guests.

"To get married is not to drink water"

On the morning of the wedding day, all the participants in the celebration gathered in the houses of the bride and groom. The bed was transported from the bride's house. She was accompanied by a whole horse train. Ahead rode the bride-in-law's friend, behind him - a sleigh with a bed, in which the bed-woman sat. Behind, on the second sleigh, rode the matchmaker's bride. In the groom's house, the bed was placed in a premise prepared in advance - a sennik, where the young were to spend their first wedding night. Usually it was a free-standing "cold" building. Only one condition was imperatively observed: there should be no land in the attic, so that, according to superstitious ideas, the sennik would not resemble a grave in any way.

The hour of the wedding was approaching. The bride was dressed in a wedding dress. In ancient Russia, it was sewn from red fabric. In the Russian song "Don't tell me, mother, a red sundress" it is just about a wedding dress. The dressing was accompanied by the crying of the bride, symbolizing farewell to youth and freedom.

Of particular importance in dressing the bride, and in the entire wedding rite, was the "head scratching" rite. By tradition, an unmarried woman in Russia wore one braid - a symbol of girlhood - and a crown. Preparing the bride for the wedding, the matchmaker undid her braid and combed her hair with a comb dipped in a weak honey solution. A ribbon woven into a braid was given as a gift to one of my close friends. The bride at this time sang with a cry:

After the wedding, the crown was removed from the bride, and her hair was braided in two braids and tied under the kiku, the headdress of a married woman. From then on, her hair was not to be seen by any outsider.
The bride and groom were accompanied to the church by a wedding train: all wedding ranks, relatives, friends. The train also carried wedding candles for the bride and groom, each of which could weigh more than a pound. After the wedding, when leaving the church, the matchmaker showered the young with hops, which was considered a symbol of fertility. Now the wedding train was heading for the groom's house. His parents on the doorstep greeted the newlyweds with images and bread and salt and blessed them. At the wedding table, while the guests ate, drank and rejoiced heartily, the young were supposed to sit decorously and not touch the food. The wedding feast was accompanied by songs, chief among which were magnificence in honor of the groom and especially lyric in honor of the bride:

In the midst of the wedding feast, the tysyatsky took the newlyweds to the sennik. There they were fed and left alone. In the bedchamber between the young, the ancient rite of undoing was performed. The wife, as a sign of obedience to her husband, had to remove his boots from his feet. One of them contained a coin: if the young woman was the first to take off this particular boot, then, according to omen, happiness awaited her in family life. Otherwise, it was believed that all her life she would have to slavishly please her husband. When unpacking, the husband, as a sign of his power, lightly hit his wife with a whip received as a gift from his father-in-law.

"Whom I love, I beat him"

The rite of blowing up clearly demonstrated the nature of future relations between spouses. A medieval woman was completely dependent on her husband. His power over his wife was asserted not only by the power of authority, but often by direct violence. Beating a wife was considered in the order of things not only in the peasantry, but also in the boyar environment. "Domostroy" spoke positively on this score. In the popular environment, the idea was firmly held: if a husband does not beat his wife, then he does not love her. From our point of view, a comic episode from Russian history of the 16th century is indicative. A certain German who lived in Moscow married a Russian. After some time, his wife reproached him for not loving her. The German, who was affectionate towards his wife, was surprised: what was his fault? “You never hit me,” he heard back. Then the husband began to beat his wife, and she stopped complaining.

And yet the position of a woman from the common people was much freer than in a boyar or merchant environment. A peasant woman, engaged in farming, could freely go out of the house for water to a well or on a river, go into the forest to pick mushrooms and berries, to harvest in the field. Boyar women and merchants led a reclusive way of life.

The woman, who pulled a significant part of the cart of peasant concerns, enjoyed considerable respect in the family. Her role especially increased after the death of her husband. Often the widow became the head of the house and gained additional weight not only in the family, but also in the peasant community.

Having children in a family is always a joy. However, the peasants were especially pleased with the birth of a boy. The explanation was simple: the community allocated to the family an allotment of arable land - the main peasant wealth - for each male child born. The land did not depend on girls. In addition, having married, the son brought another worker into the house, and the daughter, having married, on the contrary, left, and even took with her part of the family's wealth in the form of a dowry. Children gave birth to as many as God would send. Artificially terminating a pregnancy was considered a great sin. Only one factor regulated the size of the peasant family - the high mortality rate: both children and adults. Children were usually given birth in the bathhouse, which in the old days replaced the hospital. However, working until the last day, a pregnant peasant woman could give birth anywhere - in the field, in a stable, in a hut.

The physical birth of a person was not given much importance. Another thing is spiritual birth - christening. Usually the baby was baptized on the fortieth day and named after the saint whose memory was celebrated on the day of christening. The baptized one acquired on this day spiritual parents - godfather and mother. They were chosen, as a rule, from relatives. The baptism, like the wedding, was considered a big event. On the day of the christening, the parents arranged a table for relatives and friends and annually celebrated the day of the angel, or name day, replacing the celebration of the birthday.

Parents were an indisputable authority for their children. Even an adult son obeyed his father unquestioningly. The authority of the parents was supported by both the state and the church. "Domostroy" taught: "Children ... love your father and your mother, and listen to them, and obey them according to God in everything, and honor their old age, and their weakness ...". The parental curse, from the point of view of faith and popular ideas about morality, was considered the most terrible that could be. At the same time, "Domostroy" demanded that parents take care of their children, ordered them to teach them "the fear of God and politeness and all decency and, in time ... to teach needlework to a mother-daughter, and a father to a son."

The family relations of the peasants have been illuminated by centuries-old traditions. Many of them have irrevocably gone into the past, some continue to live, making up a part of our being, or, as they say today, part of the Russian national mentality.

The porridge is thicker in the family.

Proverbs of the Russian people. - M .: Fiction... V.I.Dal. 1989.

See what "In the family and porridge is thicker." in other dictionaries:

The main events of the formation, development and completion of the existence of the family. A peasant view of the family as the most important and indispensable condition for the life of every peasant is clearly outlined from the sources. It is expressed in petitions on various issues, in ... Russian history

A voluntary union (partnership) of equal workers, solving production and economic problems on the basis of self-government, mutual assistance and mutual assistance. Uniting people in an artel not only did not limit the spirit of independence and ... ... Russian history

Wed family of wives. in general: a set of close relatives living together; in close · meaning parents with children; a married son or a married daughter living separately makes up a different family. Nice family! The family is at war, and one is grieving. Family and peas ... ... Dahl's Explanatory Dictionary

A group of people connected by marriage or consanguinity, leading a common household, providing mutual assistance and mutual support. “Family, wrote I.A. Ilyin, the primary cell of society, a natural and at the same time sacred union, into which a person ... ... Russian history

And it's sick to live in paradise alone. Family porridge is boiling thicker. The porridge is thicker in the family. The family pot is always boiling. The bulk penny is better known. A good wife and fat cabbage soup do not look for any other good! They are tenacious with one head, and it's awkward to cook dinner. Two fur coats are warm, two ... ...

See In the family and porridge is thicker ... IN AND. Dahl. Russian proverbs

But why did we start the presentation of cooking techniques with porridge, and not, say, with soup? After all, as if cooking it is less difficult, in addition, soup is the first, and porridge is the second dish. Wasn't it more logical to start the story with soup? Isn't it more difficult ... ... Great Encyclopedia of Culinary Arts

Traditional Slavic drink with a volume fraction of ethyl alcohol not more than 1.2%, made as a result of incomplete alcoholic and lactic acid fermentation of wort ... Wikipedia

Dictionary of Proverbs, article under the heading Artel (common) pot boils thicker:

ARTEL (general) POT IS THICKEN THE POT. It is easier to cope with any business together. Wed Half-shoulder work is hard, but if you substitute both, you can do it easier. The old men sat knocked down by an unexpected scandal. It turns out that the normal, peaceful life was not peaceful. And a year has not passed, as they gathered under one roof, and they are talking about the division of speech. Conversations at the family table: "The artel pot is boiling thicker" and humorous sayings like: "Together, it’s easier to beat the daddy." N. Zhernakov, Krasnotal. - How many, - he says, - we will be typed, but we will work collectively: the common pot is boiling thicker. M. Golubkova, Two centuries in half a century.
- Dahl: The artel gruel lives thicker.

Interpretation of the proverb "Family porridge boils thicker. In the family and porridge is thicker." according to the dictionary of S.I. and Shvedova N.Yu.

Dictionary Ozhegov S.I. and Shvedova N.Yu .:

B, preposition.

I. with wines. and offer. NS.

1.control when designating a place, direction to-n. or finding where. Put the papers on the table. The papers are on the table. Go to Siberia. Live in Siberia. Apply to the university. Study at university.

2.control when designating phenomena that are a field of activity, the state of someone. Get involved in the work. All day at work. Fall into doubt. Immerse yourself in deep thought.

3.control when designating a state, form, type of something. Grind into powder. Medicine in powders. Sugar in chunks. Tear to shreds. All fingers in ink.

4.control when indicating the appearance of someone. , on the shell, clothes. Wrap in paper. Wrapped sweets. Dress in a fur coat. Walk in a fur coat. Dress up in a new dress.

5.control to indicate the number of which. units, of which something. consists. The room is twenty meters. A comedy in three acts. A detachment of one hundred people.

6.control when denoting a moment in time. Thursday night. One day. Last year. At the third hour.

II. with wines. NS.

1.control when denoting the ratios of numbers. Three times less.

2. For the sake of, for, as something. Do something. in a mockery. Without offense.

3.control to indicate a family resemblance to someone. All in mother.

III. with offer. NS.

1.control when denoting the distance from something, a time period. A stone's throw from home. Five minutes drive from the city.

2.control when designating objects, persons, phenomena, in relation to-eye something. happens, is observed. Disadvantages in education. Expert in literature. Understand people. The difference is in years.

3.control when designating the subject of the carrier of the state. A pianist is maturing in a young man. Confidence lives in a person. There is joy in my soul.

GUST O Y, oh, oh; thick, thick, thick, thick and thick; thicker.

1. Consisting of many, closely spaced homogeneous objects, particles. Thick wheat. Thick hair. Dense thickets. G. color(saturated). Areas with dense population.

2. About liquid: with weakened fluidity, saturated with something. G. soup. Thick sour cream. Sludge.

3. About gaseous: saturated, dense. Thick clouds. G. darkness(complete darkness).

| noun density, s, f.

And 1, union.

1. Single or repetitive, connects homogeneous members of a sentence, as well as parts of a compound sentence. Theory and practice. The Russian soldier is both brave and hardy. Hope arose, and he became cheerful again.

2. Opens up sentences of an epic, narrative nature to indicate a connection with the previous one, to a change of events. And the morning has come. And the battle broke out.

3. Internally connects the message with the previous situation, predetermining a positive or negative assessment. And will you still argue ?!(i.e., the previous situation predetermines a negative assessment of the possibility of entering into a dispute). And you agreed ?!(i.e., because of what preceded, there was no need to agree). And how he knew how to tell!(that is, there was still something good in it).

And so, the union is the same as and as a result. She left, and here I am alone.

And… yes (ah, but), the union expresses a concessional relationship. And sorry for my friend, yes (ah, but) there is nothing to do.

And ... so, the union (colloquial) expresses concessional relations with disapproval of what is reported in the subordinate clause. And he will deceive, he will not admit it. And they didn't let me walk, so no, I ran away.

And 2, particle. Expresses the completeness and categorical nature of denial, highlighting the main thing in it. And he won't give a penny. Don't ask.

And 3, Int. [ pronounce lingeringly]. At the beginning of a sentence, a remark expresses admonition or disagreement. And, complete!

TO A SHA, and, well.

1. Meal from boiled or steamed cereals. Steep, thick, liquid to. Buckwheat, millet, rice, semolina to. Brew porridge with boiling water. You can't spoil porridge with butter(last). I ate little porridge (trans.: Young, inexperienced or not strong enough; colloquial iron.).

2. transfer. The same as (in 1 value) (colloquial). K. made of sand and snow.

3. Something disorderly, confusion (colloquial). K. in the head of someone. K. in presentation.

You can't cook porridge with anyone (colloquial disapproval), you can't come to an agreement, you can't do business with someone.

They ask for porridges (boots, boots) (colloquial joke) worn out to the point of holes.

Porridge in the mouth of someone (colloquial) about someone who speaks unclear, unclear.

To make porridge (colloquially disapproved) to start a troublesome business.

To unravel the porridge (colloquially disapproved) to unravel a troublesome business. We've made some porridge, and I'll take it out.

| decrease. porridge, and, w. (to 1 value).

TO A SHKA 1, i, f. (colloquial). Clover, as well as its globular inflorescence (head). White, pink, red to.

TO A SHKA 2 cm.

Instrumentation E Th, spit, write; nonsov.

1. (1 and 2 sheets not used). About liquid: seethe, gurgle, evaporating from strong heat. Water is boiling. Samovar is boiling(water boils in it). The waterfall is boiling (trans.: Seething, bubbling). The blood boils in the room. (ref .: about strong excitement).

2. (1 and 2 pages not used), translation. Exercise with great force. Work is in full swing. Life is in full swing. Passions are boiling. Anger seethes in my heart.

3.transfer than. Show (some kind of feeling, excitement) with force, violently. K. indignation, anger, indignation.

| owls. boil, spit, write (to 1 and 3 values).

| noun boiling, i, cf.

CEM E YNY, oh, oh; een, eina.

1.cm.

2. full f. Having a family. S. man.

3. full f. Designed for family, families. C. evening at the club.

4. Same as (in 2 digits) (disapproved).

| noun family, and, well. (to 2 and 4 digits).

SEVEN I AM, and, pl. families, mei, families, f.

1. A group of close relatives living together. Large village with. The head of the family. Family member. The family has three children.

2. transfer. Uniting people united by common interests (high). Druzhnaya school village Student s.

3. A group of animals, birds, consisting of a male, female and cubs, as well as a separate group of certain animals, plants or fungi of the same species. S. bears. S. Bobrov. Bee s.(a group of worker bees, queen bees and drones). S. birches. S. mushrooms.

The family of languages ​​in linguistics: a group of related languages.

| decrease. family, and, well. (to 1 and 3 digits).

| adj. family, oh, oh (to 1 meaning).

If the right word is from a proverb Family porridge is boiling thicker. The porridge is thicker in the family. is not in the above list, then it can be found using this form.

• - the popular name of many plants in which small flowers are collected in a head, for example. yarrow clover and ...

  Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron

• - the popular name of plants from the genus clover. Sometimes K. is also called yarrow and some other plants ...

  Great Soviet Encyclopedia

• - modest ...

  Dictionary of epithets

• -; pl. ka / shki, R ....

  Spelling dictionary of the Russian language

• - KASHKA, -and, wives. ... Clover, as well as its globular inflorescence ...

  Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary

• - KASHKA 1, -i, f. ... Clover, as well as its globular inflorescence ...

  Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary

• - KASHKA, porridge, wives. 1.fondling. to porridge in 1 value ... 2. The name of the various mixtures with the consistency of honey. 3. The same as clover. "I walk through the field with a narrow border, overgrown with gruel and tenacious swan." A. Maikov ...

  Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary

• Efremova's Explanatory Dictionary

• - kashka I w. colloquial The popular name for some varieties of clover. II f. outdated. A headband that is embossed at the end of a chapter or book for decoration. III f. colloquial caress. to noun porridge I 1 ...

  Efremova's Explanatory Dictionary

• - kashka I w. colloquial The popular name for some varieties of clover. II f. outdated. A headband that is embossed at the end of a chapter or book for decoration. III f. colloquial caress. to noun porridge I 1 ...

  Efremova's Explanatory Dictionary

• - to "ashka, -i, genus. n. pl. ch. to" ...

  Russian spelling dictionary

• - In the forest, the pot boils, boils, but there is no ukip ...
• - See SEARCH -...

  IN AND. Dahl. Russian proverbs

• - Give birch gruel. Psk. The same as giving birch porridge. POS 14, 70. for porridge. Perm. The same as putting on porridge. SGPO, 229 ...

  A large dictionary of Russian sayings

• - ...

  Word forms

• - noun Clover ...

  Synonym dictionary

"The family porridge is boiling thicker." in books

"WHERE LIFE IS CIRCULAR"