What didn’t like. What are the criteria for choosing a school at all?

There are no parents who would not want their child to never get sick. But, unfortunately, all children are prone to colds and infectious diseases, due to the not fully formed immunity. What should parents do, how to protect a child from diseases, infections?

You need to take care of your baby's health even before his birth. During the planning of pregnancy and its course, the general condition of the mother should be monitored, preventive vaccinations should be carried out and maximum protection against colds and viral diseases should be made. After the birth of a child, from the very first days, great attention should be paid to his tempering and lifestyle.

Keep an eye on the room temperature and humidity level - this will protect him from early respiratory diseases. Take time for physical development - do exercises and massages. Be sure to arrange air baths - lay the baby naked on the tummy. Do not forget about walks in the fresh air, their daily time should be at least two hours, and better - more. It is also good to leave the baby to sleep on the balcony, of course, if he does not go out onto a busy highway.

Particular attention should be paid to nutrition. It is best if your baby exclusively feeds on breast milk for up to six months. Together with him, he will receive the necessary protection from various diseases, will begin to form his own immunity. This is due to the high content of immunoglobulin A in human milk.

It protects the baby's mucous membranes from intestinal and respiratory infections. Never give up breastfeeding if you are sick. Together with milk, the baby will receive antibodies to this ailment. Pediatricians believe that it is best to breastfeed a baby for at least six months, and best of all - at least a year.

When he grows up, do not forget about walks or constant fresh air. You can encourage children to enjoy a sport. Outdoor team games help to strengthen the general physical condition, and in addition, they will help to learn how to build relationships in a team.

The diet should be rich in various vitamins and minerals. This can be achieved by combining fruits, vegetables, and dairy products. The most important thing in food for children is variety and balance.

Many parents are afraid to send their children to kindergartens, citing the high incidence of diseases in them. On the one hand, they are right - in kindergartens, children really catch colds much more often than at home.

But on the other hand, this is how the body learns to fight against microorganisms alien to it, in other words, immunity is actively formed. But in addition, it must be remembered that you cannot take an already ill child to the garden until his full recovery.

Also try to teach him not to use other people's things like dishes, hairbrushes, towels. And if he is sick, cover his mouth and nose with a handkerchief or napkin.

Make sure that adherence to the daily routine becomes a habit. It should be a constant eight-hour sleep, and the same awakening - even on weekends, and timely meals. From childhood, teach your child the elementary rules of hygiene - washing hands before eating, after the street and after using the toilet. You should not bring hygiene standards to the point of absurdity and sterility, but you should not forget about them either.

Timely vaccination is also of great importance in the prevention of diseases and infections. Now the company is actively against routine vaccinations. But according to medical statistics, unvaccinated children risk much more than their peers who received a timely vaccine. A vaccine is an antigenic material that is injected into the body, enabling it to develop antibodies to a certain disease. The production of antibodies helps to remember the infection and its subsequent prevention.

There are vaccinations that are included in the list of mandatory and protect against the most serious infections - tuberculosis, hepatitis, measles, polio, whooping cough, tetanus, diphtheria, mumps, flu. The Ministry of Health approved the timing of vaccinations, depending on the age of the child, and proposed the types of vaccines used.

When vaccinating, parents should be aware of when it is best not to vaccinate or to postpone it. This applies to any signs of illness in the child in the days leading up to the vaccination. All aspects should be taken into account - chronic diseases, medication intake, allergic reactions to anything.

Any of these parameters must be promptly reported to the doctor. He also needs to know if the child has been taking blood-based medications or transfusions. If you have just returned from a long trip, it will also not be superfluous to mention this.

Thanks to the invention of vaccines, it was possible to significantly reduce the level of infant mortality and morbidity from poliomyelitis, tuberculous meningitis, and tetanus. Chickenpox, scarlet fever and diphtheria have become very rare. Unvaccinated children are at risk of contracting one of these dreaded diseases.

Yes, there are certain risks of vaccinations, but they are significantly less than the possible consequences of some ailments. Therefore, in order to protect the child and need to be vaccinated.

So we talked about how to protect children from disease and infection. Parents should always remember that the health of their bloodline is entirely in their hands. No one else will take better care of him than you. And investing energy, money and time in the formation of a healthy lifestyle for your baby - you are making a huge contribution to his future.

We discussed myths and facts about children's colds with the famous children's doctor - Evgeny Komarovsky. [+ INSTRUCTIONS: how to recognize and cure ARVI CORRECTLY!]

Change text size: A A

Cold season is in full swing. Compassionate mothers feed their children with vitamins and medicines and complain: despite all the efforts, the child is sick every now and then! The question arises: are the parents doing everything right?

"The risk is not in a viral infection, but in treatment!"

What determines how often children get sick? Is it only from the season and from immunity?

E. Komarovsky: According to global practice, a child attending a children's team can get viral infections from 6 to 12 times a year. And in the west, such a child is not considered to be often ill! And here, if a runny nose with a cough happens more than five times a year, the baby is registered and treated with many medications. Why are normal people not afraid of SARS?

Yes, because the risk is not in a viral infection. And in the treatment! If children 10 times a year get sick with snot, but get by with bed rest, drinking plenty of fluids, washing their nose and recovering on their own, without medication, then let them get sick to their health! They will grow up and be completely healthy! But if every sneeze is a reason to shove an antibiotic into a child, and a bunch of other pills for immunity, for the intestines, for the nose, for the throat and also for allergies, then this is a disaster!

"For this it would be good to deprive of parental rights ..."

Many people still treat fever and colds in the "old-fashioned" ways: rubbing alcohol, tea with raspberries, mustard in socks - at night. Working?

E. Komarovsky: It is difficult to discuss mustard in socks. And you can still pray to God. We even have urine dripping into the noses of children - and some mothers believe that it helps ... And I especially like the folk cough method - steam legs.

Conduct an experiment: ask any doctor in a Moscow burn center: "How do you feel about the procedure called 'feet soaring'?" Just be prepared for the doctor to answer you rudely. Imagine the situation: a child is sitting with his legs in a basin and his mother, without removing his legs from this basin, refills there with boiling water ... For me, it is necessary to deprive of parental rights for this.

In your opinion, are all folk methods equally harmful?

E. Komarovsky: Traditional medicine thrives where recourse to normal is not beneficial. Russia is a member of the World Health Organization. But for some reason, if, for example, WHO writes in all manuals about the inadmissibility of rubbing with alcohol-containing liquids, then why even doctors advise the ambulance to such a way to bring down the temperature ?!

Indeed, an ambulance was advised to me for a child ...

E. Komarovsky: Then let's say: "We have our own way!" Everyone in the world absorbs alcohol through the skin, and our children are "hardened" - we absorb nothing, neither alcohol nor vinegar! The second example is raspberries. Herbal tea is a great way to stimulate perspiration. When sweat evaporates, the body loses heat.

But one of the main problems of any child with a high temperature is a lack of fluid in the body. If we give the baby raspberries without first giving him a drink, and he starts to sweat, the blood will thicken, the phlegm will become more viscous, and we will increase the risk of complications! Can I give raspberry tea? Can. But a cup of raspberry tea should be the third cup! And the first two are without raspberries.

"The pill is for lazy and not sane parents ..."

The doctor told me - a child came from school or kindergarten, rinse his nose with certain antibacterial drugs so as not to get sick ...

E. Komarovsky: The most important problem in modern medicine is the rapid development of antibiotic resistance by bacteria. Moreover, they develop this resistance much faster than new drugs are invented. In order not to develop resistance to the antibiotic, it must accumulate in the focus of inflammation in high concentration.

The lower the concentration, the easier it is for bacteria to get used to it and stop responding. A high concentration will never remain in the nose, the drug will quickly cease to be effective, but you will earn a tendency to be allergic to this drug. Therefore, topically antibacterial agents are used only where they can accumulate - they drip into the eyes, into the ears. But in the nose - this can not be imagined by any sane doctor.

But is there really no way to protect yourself from frequent acute respiratory infections ?! What about antiviral drugs?

E. Komarovsky: The fact is that very often the body is able to cope with acute respiratory infections on its own, thanks to interferon, a protein that is produced by the cells of the body in response to the invasion of the virus. And often, virus-fighting aids are not required. And if necessary, they should be prescribed by a doctor. You should not use such drugs on your own, for treatment, and even more so for prevention.

Recently my new book came out - just about drugs. But in fact, my task is just to explain when you DO NOT need drugs. And I want parents to understand: you need to protect your child from infections in other ways. The pill is for lazy and not sane parents ...

Another thing is that mothers very often themselves, without the help of a kindergarten, school, environment, country, state, cannot do anything. They can do everything perfectly at home, but no one will do anything in the kindergarten - in the end, nothing good will come of it. That is, the whole society needs to come to an agreement.

Agree on what?

E. Komarovsky: To put it simply, a single scheme of actions. For example: in order for a virus to cause illness, it must enter the nose in a very specific amount. And this amount is called the infectious dose. Here are five viruses - the body coped with them. And horrible one hundred viruses - no. How can the concentration of the virus in the inhaled air be reduced?

Ventilate the room! Viruses on the street practically cannot be transmitted from person to person. But indoors and in transport they can do it! Therefore, a certain trolleybus has reached the circle - there is a huge concentration of viral particles in the air of this trolleybus. What is it worth, on a national scale, to introduce a law on a five-minute parking lot for route transport at terminal stops - with open doors? This one measure will drastically reduce infection! Or when the school bell rings, what should happen?

“Wait a minute,” says the teacher, “call for whom? For a teacher - until I finish my thought, sit and write! " And when the bell rings, there should be a rule - 10 seconds and so that no one is here! Everyone is in the hallway. A window opens immediately and by the next lesson everyone went into the ventilated class! Farther. Viruses get into the nose. How to reduce the concentration of the virus in the nose? We take any saline solution - a teaspoon of salt per liter of boiled water. We took any bottle-pshikalka and pshikam in the nose in public transport.

We went into a trolleybus - zilch-zilch and jumped there. We are sitting in the corridor in the clinic - zilch-zigzag. Everything. By the way, viruses cling to dust particles, and where are they? In the air. If the air is humid, where are the dust particles? On the floor. And if dry? In the air! Therefore, another golden rule - the air, in school classrooms, kindergarten groups, in the nursery - must be humid!

Many parents believe that the child needs to be hardened so that it is less sick. And what is the best way to temper?

E. Komarovsky: I am a supporter of tempering, but! Let's dot the and. There is such a concept: a cold is a disease associated with hypothermia. And there are actually very few such diseases. And there is a concept - an acute respiratory viral infection. Therefore, we rarely get colds, because rarely do our children go naked and barefoot in the winter on the street.

Therefore, more often they get sick with viral infections and no hardening will save the baby from ARVI. You can save yourself from viral infections, first of all, with fresh air! The main thing is that the child must breathe clean, cool, moist air. And if we provide him with such conditions at all stages of life, we will radically reduce the concentration of viral infections.

"If the baby sleeps for six months in a cool, damp room, reduce the likelihood of illness tenfold!"

Tell me, here is a huge amount of remedies for the common cold, can they be saved when a child has a stuffy nose?

E. Komarovsky: They should be in every home! If only because a vasoconstrictor drug that reduces the common cold and is an emergency treatment for pain in the ear, for example. If the house is hot and stuffy, the child cannot breathe through his nose, and it is time for him to sleep, what will happen during the night?

He will breathe through his mouth, everything in his lungs will dry out and bronchitis and inflammation are guaranteed to you! Therefore, if the air in the house is dry and warm, then it is necessary to urgently restore nasal breathing so that the child can at least “humidify” the air with his nose!

But they say it is easy to get hooked on vasoconstrictor drugs!

E. Komarovsky: Certainly. 5 days - and addictive. So what does a smart mom do? She does everything so that the snot does not dry out. She doesn’t send her dad to the pharmacy, but says: “Petya, find us a normal plumber who will put the tap on the battery! Petya, go online and read what a humidifier is and which one to buy! Petya, buy a thermometer and a hygrometer and so that the child sleeps in a clean, cool, damp room, where the temperature is maximum 20, but he is in warm pajamas! "

I can argue with the parents of frequently ill children. If your baby sleeps for six months in a cool, damp room, you will reduce the likelihood of illness tenfold! I am deeply convinced that a child who is often ill is a lack of common sense in his parents and a lack of understanding with the administration of preschool institutions and schools.

IMPORTANT!!!

HOW TO RECOGNIZE AND CURE VIRAL INFECTION according to Komarovsky

Is it possible to independently understand that the child has a viral infection?

E. Komarovsky: If the throat hurts, and the nose is completely dry - this is a non-standard situation - there are symptoms of a bacterial infection - sore throat, and you need to see a doctor. You should also call a doctor if the child begins to suffer from strong thirst on the 2-3 day of illness. But if the picture is standard, that is: fever, mucus from the nose, cough - then this is a viral infection.

Okay, have you figured out how to be treated correctly?

E. Komarovsky: It is enough just to create good conditions for the body to cope with the disease itself. For the child to recover faster, it IS NECESSARY:

Wear it warmly

To keep the room cool (18-20 degrees) and humid (50-70%): there is a humidifier - great. If you do not work on it - wash the floor and hang up wet towels, spray with water from a spray bottle.

Remember: if in winter you open the window, then you dry the air! Therefore, in winter, it is better to regulate the temperature in the room not with an open window, but with a closed or regulated battery.

Give a child to drink. There must be enough fluid in the body so that it can sweat and the secreting phlegm and mucus to be fluid. If the blood is thick, then the mucus is thick and difficult to cough up. Therefore, you need to drink a lot! The drinking temperature should be equal to the body temperature - under this condition, the liquid is absorbed from the stomach into the blood as quickly as possible.

Do not force feed! The child must ask for himself. The main thing is to drink! And rape with food - you can’t categorically! Losing weight during illness is normal for any mammal! This weight will be gained in 3-4 days after recovery.

In addition, you can use saline nasal drops so that the snot does not dry out, and in extreme cases, if urgently needed, vasodilators!

And no more drugs?

E. Komarovsky: That's it! But the average mother cannot understand that a doctor who did not prescribe any medicine to a child is a real professional who took responsibility, saying: “You have no complications! There is no reason to poison a child with chemistry - this is a common viral infection! "

Mom - go ahead! But my mother did not drink, there was nothing to breathe in the house, the baby's nose had dried mucus, he breathed through his mouth, a lump of mucus blocked the bronchus, and inflammation began. Who's guilty? The Doctor Who Prescribed Nothing! All dead end! This is a national dead end to the delight of drug sellers.

And medications, it turns out, are prescribed, not because they are needed, but so that later some bastard does not blame the doctor: he did not hear pneumonia in time, which did not exist! But if you don't drink and live in stuffiness, then 12 hours are enough for a complication to arise enough - and this is not at all the fault of the doctor.

How do you treat your children?

So that the baby does not miss his "finest hour", it is time to pay special attention to his immunity.

Why do kindergartners get sick?

In children's groups, the infection always spreads with lightning speed, and the group members again and again "pick up" viruses from each other and through shared toys. No sooner has one recover than someone else gets sick, and this can continue for quite a long time. The same thing is repeated in elementary school and then in middle school. But why is this happening?

The fact is that the full formation of the immune system is completed only by the age of 16-18. Until then, the child is more susceptible to negative environmental factors than adults.

Active immunity accumulates through the transferred infections and thanks to vaccinations by the age of 4-6 years. But working parents, as a rule, send their children to kindergarten earlier - from 2-3 years old, hence the frequent ailments in the team.

You need to understand that immunity weakens due to a kind of conflict between the child's body and the environment. And you need to either reconcile the child with her, or make him more comfortable. Let's take a closer look at what this means.

Sanitary standards

Parents often complain that kindergarten is either too hot or cold. Someone is sure that "the heat of the bones does not ache," but it is difficult to agree with this. Kindergartens are subject to special SanPiN requirements. Ideally, the air temperature in the rooms where the baby sleeps, does music or gymnastics should be 19-20 degrees, and in changing rooms, playrooms and the toilet - 21-23 degrees. The ventilation time depends on the outside temperature, wind direction, and the efficiency of the heating system.

Most of the year, when central heating is on, the indoor air is very dry. And this contributes to the easier spread of infections - the mucous membranes dry out and lose their ability to keep harmful microorganisms from entering the nasopharynx. Therefore, it is advisable to have a humidifier in the group. At home it is also worth keeping such a device in the nursery. As a last resort, you can use plates of water.

Of course, the protective ability of the body depends not only on the air that the child breathes - it is important how much he sleeps, what and how much he eats and how he is treated at home and in the kindergarten, whether he has friends, how psychologically comfortable he is.

Preschoolers should rest not only at night, but also during the day. In kindergartens, the “quiet hour” usually lasts 3 hours. At this time, one should not make noise, sometimes the teachers allow the sleeping people to draw quietly, but not always - and sometimes children suffer, looking at the ceiling for hours. Therefore, it will be better if the parents begin to teach the baby to sleep in the afternoon in advance, even before entering the kindergarten.

As for nutrition, it should contain a lot of vitamins and fresh herbs. Try to give your child less food produced in factories - the simpler and closer the food to nature, the better: cereals, vegetables, if possible - village eggs and milk. Bread and pastries are also best done at home.

The most difficult aspect of kindergarten life is psychological. Previously, the child communicated mainly with relatives, spent most of the time at home, among his own things and toys, as a favorite of the whole family. And now a lot of strangers appear in his life, and he also has to readjust to a new daily routine and follow a bunch of rules. All this is very difficult for a little man. But it is in the power of parents to make the baby feel more comfortable away from home. Let him take his favorite toy with him to the kindergarten. Bring a comfortable pillow and blanket for sleeping. After kindergarten, spend time in silence, without TV and noisy companies - it is better to take a walk with your baby in the park. Whenever the opportunity arises, pick up your child early or take an unscheduled weekend with your grandmother. And, of course, try to make friends with the educators - after all, they are responsible for the child while you are not around.

And most importantly, listen more to your child and his natural needs, and not to the general rules.

When everyone is sneezing around

Unfortunately, even the most hardened and calm children in the kindergarten can often get sick - simply because someone brought a virus to the group, and the kids play together and use shared toys. It is enough to scratch your nose or rub your eyes for the virus to enter the body and attack. It is worth taking care of prevention in advance. For this, for example, a modern antiviral drug was developed for adults and children from 1 year old. Three active components at once in its composition help to activate the body's defenses and maintain immunity for a long time. The drug helps to stimulate the production of interferon proteins in the blood, which prevent viruses from multiplying, shorten their life cycle and prevent them from penetrating into cells. 4 days of admission - and support can be enough for a whole month. The drug is also used for medicinal purposes when the first signs of a cold appear - it will also take 4 days. If the cold has already begun, taking the drug may help reduce the risk of complications.

The product is available in three forms: in capsules for adults and children from 6 years old, in the form of ready-made baby syrup and in powder for preparing a solution with pleasant strawberry, cranberry and orange flavors for children from 1 year old. There is also a non-flavored hypoallergenic powder.

The New Year is not far off, kids are starting to learn songs and poems, and their mothers are puzzling over making up costumes. In order for the long-awaited meeting with Santa Claus to take place, it is better to take care of the full prevention of colds in advance. Simple and high-quality food, good sleep, daily walks in the fresh air, additional immunity support, as well as outdoor games and positive emotions - these are the simple secrets of healthy babies and their happy parents!

Every parent wants his beloved baby to be always healthy. We begin to search the Internet for answers, ask doctors numerous questions, bother our parents. This is clear. After all, the task before us is constantly, regardless of the season.

It's just that in winter there are some diseases, in summer others, and in the off-season - still others. When the sun is hot outside, our babies catch a sore throat, and in the cold or rain, colds and adenovirus infections lie in wait for them at every step.

This can be achieved in two ways:

1. Eliminate contact with infected people.

Trying protect the child from disease , try, as little as possible, to meet sick children or adults, especially during epidemics. You should not go to places where a lot of people can gather: matinees, cinemas, theaters. If your relatives are sick, protect them from communication with your child.

2. Strengthen the body's resistance to infections.

Remember that your kids' bodies play a very important role in the process of resistance to microbes. Immunity will protect the child from almost various ailments. He must work by helping protect the child from disease , and for this you need to observe the following recommendations:

The child should be fed with mother's milk, ideally the first year of life. It is scientifically proven that human milk contains immunoglobulin A, which protects against the inner mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract and intestinal walls.

Milk contains antibodies that are not susceptible to infections that Mommy has already suffered. Thus, the immune system will tell you how to protect child from disease and will help. Remember that if you want to save your figure, then you are sacrificing the health of your son or;

Follow the rules of hygiene;

Carefully, it must be balanced. Have all the vitamins you need for growth. It is advisable to exclude harmful products from the diet. Don't buy food in questionable places. Along with this, keep track of the calorie content of food;

An important aspect in the question, how to protect a child from disease, is physical activity. Create sufficient opportunity for the children Outdoor games, running, jumping, all this is necessary. So he learns the world and gives a feasible load to his bone apparatus and muscles.

But at the same time, the load should be reasonable. It is impossible for the child to be engaged in sedentary board games all the time. Physical inactivity with children is not compatible;

Avoid overheating or hypothermia. Clothes should be in season;

Walk with him, communicate, he should be in the fresh air every day, away from gas-polluted routes;

A common cold or acute respiratory disease trains the baby's body, stimulates the development of his immune system. You can not protect the child from in kindergarten. After all, he came here from a home environment, where he was accustomed to the set of microorganisms that surrounded him. And here he is met by previously unknown infections, of which there are a large number in the group.

It is such collisions that make the baby's body defenses come into play. The sooner this happens, the better. If children pass kindergarten, they will get sick at school, and this is much more serious. But such an alignment does not mean that it is possible for different

Enemy parents are those who love themselves more than their child; who sees their children as property; who are convinced: a child is always a toddler who has no right to his point of view; who does not notice the personality in the little man and imposes his own view of the world on him; who not only does not know how to listen to their children, but does not see any sense in this; who wants to order the child and does not want to talk to him at all; who treat upbringing as hard work and do not find joy in communicating with their own child ...

A child is not a white sheet of paper on which dad and mom can draw fate, character, etc.

While visiting my parents, I came across one curious book that I opened and began to read right from the middle. The title really caught the eye "Parents as enemies", and the content was very interesting - both the manner of presentation and the issues discussed in the book, and the positive resonance with my views. Of course, I took the book home, brand new, not yet read by anyone. And, of course, I will recommend it to you for reading.

The book was written by the famous writer, TV presenter, psychophilosopher Andrei Maksimov, who writes a lot about the problems of education, consults, lectures and teaches. He himself is the father of three children and the author of many books.

The book will answer questions about punishment, self-esteem and authority, about school, gadgets, love and friendship, about adolescence, how to look for a child's vocation, how and when to talk to him about sex, how to take a child away from the computer, how to talk to him about death, how to punish without humiliation, what to do if the children do not obey, and so on. It is written in the form of questions and answers, so you can immediately find the topic that interests you, or you can read from cover to cover, as I did.

The author mentions such famous people as Janusz Korczak, Pestalozzi, Maslow, Freud, Horney, Nick Vuychich and many others. Criticizes and explains why, Crawford's book "French children are not capricious." The aforementioned story of a Chinese woman who decided to raise her daughters according to the Chinese system is very catchy. (Amy Chua, "The Battle Hymn of the Mother Tigress"). In this system, the main thing is the end, which justifies any means.

Below is a tiny selection of excerpts from the book:

Often we want to convey the experience of an insufficiently happy or just unhappy life.

Adults believe that they can convey their experience in words. Parents are almost furious when children do not want to hear their wise advice.

A CHILD is a different PERSON. Not like his parents. Not better, not worse - different.

Norm is not always good. The norm is what is greater.

Obedient adults grow out of obedient children. Free adults from free children.

In general, it is difficult for us to accept the conclusion that people are not just different, but catastrophically, fundamentally different.

Prohibitions always lead to the fact that the desire to do the forbidden only increases.

A person - be he seven, fifteen or thirty-five - who knows what he wants to do in life is fundamentally different from someone who does not know it.

Our, "relatively speaking, system, relatively speaking, education" is not engaged in the education of children. It means that it is sharpened for something else.

Thank you all for your attention. I hope you are interested. Share your opinions, those who have already seen and read this book.