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Federal law on the calculation of old-age pensions. Which of the retirees can count on an insurance pension? Old age social pension

Over the past 30 years, the procedure for assigning pensions has been adjusted three times and has undergone significant changes. As a result, many citizens are completely confused and have no idea how and in what amount the old-age pension will be paid. In fact, it is not difficult to understand this; it is enough to understand the basic mechanisms of the pension system after the changes made. Let's try to highlight the most significant points of this issue.

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What old-age pensions are paid in Russia

Pension provision for Russian citizens, paid after the onset of the stipulated age, is conventionally divided into 3 main categories. There are grounds for each type of pension. Let's see how it looks in practice.

Insurance

This is a type of pension provision, which is a kind of compensation for the income that citizens received during the period of labor or commercial activity.

Such a pension is formed of two components:

  • - consists of transfers to the Pension Fund;
  • fixed - a certain amount set by the state, which is subject to annual indexation.

By adding these sums it turns out.

Social


This is a guaranteed type of pension support, which can be claimed by all citizens of Russia, without exception. "Social" is appointed in those situations when a person does not have the necessary length of service or does not have enough pension points to receive an insurance pension.

The fundamental factors for obtaining social benefits are:

  • the onset of the established age;
  • loss of working capacity;

Such payments are financed from the state budget, and are also subject to an annual increase taking into account the level of inflation.

Important! Unlike the insurance pension, which can be paid even to stateless persons, the social one is paid only on condition of permanent residence in Russia. Moreover, a pensioner should be among the disabled citizens.

State


This is a type of pension that is entitled to a limited number of citizens. In particular, the recipients are:

  • civil servants;
  • cosmonauts and test pilots.

To receive a state pension, special circumstances are required, regulated by regulatory legal acts. For example, in civil service positions for at least 15 years, the experience of the flight test crew of squadrons for the appointment of a state pension is provided for 20 and 25 for men and women, respectively.

Important! State pensions can be paid to persons affected by man-made disasters, disabled, as well as to relatives of military personnel who died in the performance of official duties.

How old-age pension is formalized

In order to receive retirement benefits, certain conditions must be met. In particular, 2 key factors are taken into account here:

  1. Age. An old-age pension is paid only to citizens who have reached a certain age threshold. Currently, the age of 55 and 60 years is set for the female and male population of the country, respectively. However, women will work until 63, men up to 65;
  2. Conditions. This refers to the grounds according to which a citizen is entitled to one or another type of pension support. For example, if a citizen has at least one day of work experience, he is entitled to an insurance pension, if not, a social one.

Let us consider the issue of the appointment of old-age pensions in more detail.

Who is relied on

The right to receive old-age pensions appears if 3 conditions are met:

  • age - is established by the state for all categories of citizens who go on a well-deserved rest on general grounds;
  • seniority - not the length of the working period is taken into account, but the time interval during which insurance deductions were made - at least 15 years;
  • points - accrued depending on the amount of insurance transfers, and at least 30 points are required to receive an insurance pension.

How are they made out

Subject to the above conditions, a citizen needs to apply for the appointment of a pension by writing an application. It should be noted that the onset of the established age does not mean that you need to immediately apply for a pension. This can be done later, and in this case, a multiplying coefficient will be applied to the determination of the amount of pension payments.

Where to go


The application and the documents required for it are accepted by the Pension Fund or Multifunctional Centers. You can contact your place of residence or current location with a personal visit or by mail.

Advice! You can apply for a pension one month before the set age.

The documents


The application is usually accompanied by papers certifying:

  • personality;
  • labor or other activity;
  • average monthly salary.

It is important to understand that the above list is not exhaustive, therefore, FIU employees may request other documents that are mandatory for the appointment of a pension.

How to get


A citizen chooses the method of receiving funds independently. This can be a post office, credit card crediting, or third-party services that deliver pensions. The method of receipt is indicated in the application.

When appointed

An old-age pension is assigned from the moment of applying for relying payments, applications and the collected package of documents are considered within 10 days. If a citizen applies for a pension within a month after the emergence of such a right, it is assigned the very next day after the termination of employment.

What will be the minimum pension


At the state level, the minimum and maximum pension limits are not set. In the first case, regional peculiarities are taken into account, in the second - the amount of contributions to the Pension Fund during labor activity.

Hence it follows that the "minimum wage" for pensioners is set at the regional level. It takes into account the cost of living established in a particular region, province or autonomy.

"Minimal wage" by region

On average in Russia, the minimum pension is set at 8,726 rubles, but this value is not a benchmark amount. The subsistence minimum for pensioners is calculated taking into account regional characteristics and is additionally regulated by regional legislation.

For example, citizens of retirement age living in the capital receive a "minimum wage" of 17,500 rubles. This amount was established by the government of the city of Moscow. Chukotka pensioners are entitled to at least 19,000 rubles a month.

What to do if the received pension does not reach the "minimum wage"


In this case, you need to contact the district office of the Pension Fund with an application for recalculation. The size of the pension cannot be less than the subsistence minimum established for the region, so the citizen will be paid a social monthly supplement.

Here it should be borne in mind that only unemployed pensioners receive the right to recalculate. In addition, when determining the amount of pension paid, intangible benefits are always taken into account, which are translated into monetary equivalent. Intangible benefits are understood as free travel, subsidies for utility bills and other privileges.

Rules for calculating pensions

The determination of the amount of pension provision is made according to the established formulas used by the employees of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation. It looks like this: X = Z * Y * H + A, where

  • X is the amount of the received pension;
  • Z - accumulated points;
  • Y - the cost of each point at the time of the request;
  • H - applied coefficients;
  • A - fixed part.

Let's take a quick look at the main points.

How points are calculated


Insurance premiums are taken as a basis, which are deducted by employers for each employee. It follows from this that it is important to have not only a large, but also an official salary in order to receive a decent old-age pension.

Important! The maximum amount of insurance premiums that are taken into account for calculating points is strictly limited. In particular, in 2018 this amount cannot exceed 1,021,000 rubles.

Points and cost


This amount is set by the state and is subject to annual indexation. In particular, in 2018, the price of one pension point is 81.49 rubles. Knowing these features, it will not be difficult to calculate the minimum insurance pension.

We mentioned above that a minimum of 30 points is required to retire. If we multiply this number by 81.49 - the cost of one point in 2018 - it turns out that the minimum amount of the old-age insurance pension will be 2,444 rubles. At first glance, the amount is insignificant, but do not forget that the value of the point increases annually. In addition, a fixed part will be added to the insurance pension.

Guaranteed payments


This is a guaranteed part of the pension that is due to all Russian citizens without exception. From January 1, 2018, the compulsory payment is set at RUB 4,982. If we add here the minimum insurance pension, we get 7,426 rubles. It is on such a pension that every citizen who claims to receive a pension on a general basis can count on.

Let us add that the possibility of raising is provided for the fixed part. The following factors can be taken into account here:

  • the recipient is a disabled person of the 1st group or has reached the age of 80;
  • there are disabled dependents on the maintenance;
  • there is a 15-year "northern" experience.

In addition, if a citizen applies for the appointment of pension benefits later than the onset of circumstances, increasing coefficients will be applied to the fixed part.

How to calculate your pension yourself


To do this, you can use the above formula, which is used by the FIU when calculating pensions for citizens who have applied. In particular, the calculations will require:

  • determine the number of points received;
  • multiply the amount received by the value of the point;
  • apply a multiplying factor, if any;
  • add the fixed part.
Advice! For self-calculations, you can go to the PFR website and use the online calculator.

Formulas for calculating funded pensions


Citizens got the right to form a funded pension in 2015. In particular, of the 16% of insurance premiums deducted to the Pension Fund, 10% can be allocated for the insurance part and 6% for the funded one.

The cumulative part is calculated using the formula: X = Y / Z, where:

  • X is the funded part of the pension;
  • Y is the total amount of deductions;
  • Z - the period during which it will be paid.
Important! This part of the pension provision is not indexed; moreover, citizens can transfer their funded pension to non-state funds.

How to find out the amount of savings


For this, the "Personal Account" on the website of the PFR or the Non-State Pension Fund, under whose management the funded part of the pension was transferred, will come in handy. It should be noted here that this information is not freely available, therefore, mandatory authorization in the system is required.

There are several types of old-age pensions, depending on the conditions of payment and the procedure for granting them. The unifying feature of each of them is that it can be appointed only upon reaching a certain... The types of such pensions and their features are worth considering in more detail.

- this is monetary assistance that is assigned to the disabled
citizens after reaching the legal age. At the moment, the procedure for their application and calculation is governed by the following regulatory legal acts:

  • Federal Law "On Insurance Pensions";
  • Federal Law "On State Pension Provision in the Russian Federation";
  • Federal Law "On Labor Pensions in the Russian Federation".

The last document has not been applied since the beginning of 2015, with the exception of some norms that are related to the calculation of the size of labor pensions.

Old age pension is divided into three types:

  • state;
  • labor.

The terms of appointment and the procedure for paying each of them should be considered in more detail.

Insurance and early insurance old-age pension

This type of assistance is the newest, because the insurance pension was withdrawn into a separate type only in 2015. To obtain it, it is necessary that a citizen meets several criteria:

  1. Has reached the legal age. Depending on the gender, it is:
  • 55 years old - for women;
  • 60 years old - for men;

The list of professions and positions that are given this opportunity is approved by the Government of the Russian Federation.

2. It has a certain number of years, that is, one during which the corresponding insurance deductions were made from it. The requirements for the length of service are set on an increasing basis - in 2016, its minimum value is 7 years, until 2024, due to a gradual increase, it will reach 15 years.

3. Has accumulated a certain amount. This indicator is also growing every year - in 2016 it is 9 and by 2025 it should reach 30.

In this case, the amount of assistance is formed on the basis of contributions that were made from the employee's salary during the period of employment.

The amount of this payment will depend on several factors:

  • the amount of wages (in this case, the amount of deductions is directly proportional to the size of the wage);
  • the duration of the insurance experience (the longer it is, the more accumulated points are formed on the citizen's account);
  • retirement age (the later this happens, the larger its size).

The funds that are deducted for the formation of an insurance pension are converted into pension points and recorded in the citizen's account.

State old-age pension

This type of payment is due to citizens who have suffered as a result radiation exposure or man-made disaster.

The most common category of such citizens are persons associated with the Chernobyl accident (liquidators, disabled people, persons living in the contaminated area, etc.). Also, this payment is available for people living in areas with severe climatic conditions.

Depending on the specific category for such citizens, a certain age is set, after which they have the right to receive assistance. It is less than the age required for a labor and insurance pension, by 5-10 years.

At the same time, such persons are still required to have a minimum. As for the size of the pension, it is established as a percentage of the social one - 200 or 250%, depending on the specific category of citizens.

Labor pension

Old-age retirement pension is the most common type of cash assistance to disabled citizens.

This type of payment is compensation for the salary of an employee who lost his job due to reaching retirement age. She is appointed while observing the following conditions:

  • reaching the legal age (it is 55 and 60 years for women and men, respectively);
  • the presence of at least 5 years of work experience.

The amount of payments also depends on the amount of service and the level of salary for any five-year period of work. This type of pension is already outdated - new pensioners will receive assistance on the basis of their insurance experience.

If a citizen has the right to make payments simultaneously for several reasons, he can receive only one of them!

At the same time, the right to choose remains with the future pensioner, so he can apply for the appointment of the most advantageous type of payments to him. To obtain any of them, a citizen must contact the local branch of the PFR. Moreover, this can be done no earlier than a month before the appearance of grounds for retirement.

Together with, which indicates the specific type of assistance and the grounds for its accrual, the citizen must also provide some supporting documents: on the amount of wages, work experience, the availability of benefits, etc. An important condition for receiving any of these pensions is the achievement of the established the law of age.

Periodic amendments to the legislation lead to the fact that citizens are poorly versed in pension issues.

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And this applies not only to calculations, but also to the terms themselves. What does old-age insurance pension mean in Russia?

In Russia, disabled citizens, upon the onset of retirement age, are provided with regular material support to reimburse their previous income.

This is an insurance old-age pension, it is paid if you have work experience and savings in the Pension Fund. But such a general definition does not explain how the payment is formed, what it is composed of, etc.

General points

The reform of the pension system in the Russian Federation began in 2002. The old payment system has been canceled. Citizens began to receive a pension, consisting of two shares - funded and insurance.

At the same time, 22% of these deductions are contributions to the FIU:

The PKI indicator is determined by the total amount of paid contributions and the length of service, including insurance and non-insurance periods.

A citizen has the right to choose himself which variation is preferable for him:

Every year, the government carries out indexation so that the value of points does not depreciate amid inflation. The funded pension is also worth mentioning.

It was frozen with the aim of lowering the budget deficit. Some citizens understood this fact in such a way that the state withdraws their savings. In reality, this is not the case.

What is the difference from labor

Until the beginning of 2015, insurance and labor pensions meant the same thing. The rules for the appointment of an employee were similar to the conditions for the payment of an insurance pension for old age or disability.

After the next change in the pension legislation, the order changed. In particular, the reason for the appointment was different.

Now the main factor taken into account when calculating the amount of payments is the insurance experience, and not the amount of work experience, as it was before.

In the absence of an insurance guard, the insurance pension supplements are not recalculated. Insurance experience is the period during which insurance premiums were deducted to the FIU for a working citizen.

It turns out that the main difference between insurance and labor pensions is the basis of accrual.

If for the payment of a labor pension only the period when a person officially worked was taken into account, then when assigning an insurance pension, the duration of his participation in the pension insurance system is taken into account.

Applicable standards

So from 01.01.2018 the amount of this payment is:

Citizens who retire in 2019 or who retired earlier can receive a supplement to their pension.

Old age pension has existed in our country for about 90 years. During this time, the pension system has been repeatedly reformed and changed. We will tell you what the old-age pension was and what the future holds for pensioners.

Old age pension

For the first time in Russia, an old-age pension was established in 1929 in accordance with the Decree of the Central Executive Committee and the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR "On provision in the order of social insurance in case of old age" dated 05/15/1929.

This act defined the main characteristics and principles of pension provision, which, with some changes, exist to this day. Thus, the pension was assigned regardless of the state of work ability, but taking into account the mandatory minimum length of service.

A cheat sheet on an article from the BUKH.1C editorial office for those who do not have time

1. For the first time in Russia, an old-age pension was established in 1929 in the amount of at least 50% of a pensioner's previous earnings from employment.

2. The right to receive a pension was guaranteed: for men who have reached 60 years of age and have worked as an employee for a total of at least 25 years; women who have reached 55 years of age and have been employed for a total of at least 20 years.

3. The first recipients of the old-age pension were workers in the mining, metal and electrical industries, as well as railway and water transport.

4. In 1936-1937, the pension was extended to all branches of industry.

5. In 1937, civil servants received the right to receive old-age pensions on a general basis.

6. In 1956, a unified law of the USSR was adopted, which established the universal right of citizens to receive an old-age pension.

7. In 1965, the USSR Law "On Pensions and Benefits to Members of Collective Farms" came into force and collective farmers finally also received the right to pensions.

8. In the early 90s of the last century, the entire existing Soviet pension system collapsed. In fact, the state budget refused to pay pensions, which since 1990 were no longer recognized as a state obligation. At the end of 1990, the PFR was created, on which all the care for pensioners fell.

9. Subsequently, several more pension reforms were carried out, which also did not succeed.

10. The next pension reform is scheduled for 2018, the main and only sense of which is to increase the retirement age.

11. The government bill proposed increasing the retirement age for women by 8 years - up to 63 years, and for men by 5 years - up to 65 years. But then the president proposed to soften the conditions of the pension reform and recommended reducing the proposed increase in the retirement age for women from 8 to 5 years.

The pension was paid in the amount of at least half of the pensioner's previous earnings from employment. It was a mandatory minimum. The Union Council of Social Insurance was allowed to set limits above and below which a pension could not be awarded. The right to receive a pension was guaranteed:

  • men who have reached the age of 60 and have been employed for a total of at least 25 years;
  • women who have reached 55 years of age and have been employed for a total of at least 20 years.

At the same time, there were also privileged categories of citizens who could retire before reaching the general retirement age. These included, for example, persons employed in underground work in the mining industry. They could retire at 50 if they had a total work experience of at least 20 years, of which at least 10 years - in underground work.

The specific list of beneficiaries was approved by the Union Council of Social Insurance. This body could reduce the established retirement record and age, taking into account the harmfulness of production.

The first recipients of the old-age pension were workers in the mining, metal, electrical, and railway and water transport industries. A year later, in 1930, they were joined by workers in the chemical, textile, printing, glass and porcelain, tobacco and tobacco industries ("Regulations on pensions and benefits for social insurance", approved by the Decree of the Central Executive Committee and the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR dated 13.02.1930) ...

The Union Council of Social Insurance received an unlimited right to extend pension benefits to workers in other industries. Therefore, the number of pension recipients was constantly growing.

In 1936-1937, the pension was extended to all branches of industry.

In the Constitution of the USSR in 1936, for the first time, the right of all citizens to material and financial support in old age was enshrined (Article 120 of the Constitution). This right was ensured by the social insurance system for workers and employees.

In 1937, civil servants received the right to receive old-age pensions on a general basis (Resolution of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions of 07/31/1937). In the same year, in accordance with the Decree of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR of 07/31/1937, the pension rules were also extended to persons who had previously been deprived of voting rights (members of the white armies, criminal gangs, clergymen).

As for the collective farmers, initially there was no special act regulating the payment of old-age pensions to them. The right of collective farmers to receive a pension was enshrined in the Model Charter of an Agricultural Artel, approved. Decree of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR and the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks dated 02.17.1935. So, the general meeting of the artel was obliged to create special funds to provide material support to the elderly, families in need, as well as those who have lost their ability to work. The size of such a fund could be no more than 2% of the total gross production of the artel. In other words, pension provision for collective farmers was provided not by the state, but by the collective farm itself.

Universal right to old age pension

Until 1956, the pension system of the USSR was extremely confusing and regulated by dozens of different legal acts. In 1956, a unified law of the USSR "On State Pensions" of 14.07.1956 was adopted, which established the universal right of citizens to receive an old-age pension.

In accordance with this law, since 1956, the right to receive a pension was possessed by:

  • men upon reaching 60 years of age and with a work experience of at least 25 years,
  • women upon reaching 55 years of age and with a work experience of at least 20 years.

Persons who have reached retirement age, but did not have sufficient work experience, were assigned an old-age pension in an amount proportional to their length of service, but not less than 25% of the full pension.

Pensions were calculated from the average monthly actual earnings. This salary included all types of salaries, except for overtime salaries, for part-time jobs and all kinds of lump sum payments. Average monthly earnings for calculating pensions were taken for the last year of work or for any 5 consecutive years of the last 10 years of work.

In cases where the employee's salary ranged from 80 to 100 rubles per month, the pension was accrued at the rate of 55% of the salary (the minimum pension here is 52 rubles).

If an employee received more than 100 rubles a month, his pension was no more than 50% of the monthly earnings, but not less than 55 rubles a month.

At the same time, after retirement, it was allowed to work for some more time in a higher-paid position in order to increase the size of the pension. It was necessary to work for at least 2 years and the pensioner was recalculated in the direction of its increase.

There were also various pension supplements. For example, for continuous work experience over 15 years or for total work experience, men who have worked for at least 35 years and women who have worked for at least 30 years were entitled to another 10% of the amount of the pension.

Pensions with all allowances were assigned within 100% of the earnings from which the pension was calculated, and not exceeding the maximum pension amount. This restriction did not apply to disabled people of group 1, as well as families who have lost breadwinners, with three or more disabled people. Also, this restriction was not applied to beneficiaries who were employed in hazardous and hazardous industries.

The minimum old-age pension was 50 rubles a month, and the maximum amount was 120 rubles a month.

Persons who have worked in jobs that give the right to benefits, from 15 to 20 years, were paid a pension in the amount of 140 rubles. If the length of service in such jobs exceeded 20 years, the maximum pension was already 160 rubles per month.

A pension calculated at a rate of no more than 60 rubles a month, 10 years after its appointment, increased by 1% of the earnings from which it was calculated, for each full year that passed after its appointment. A subsequent increase in the pension, established at a rate of no more than 60 rubles, was made every 2 years by 2% of the same earnings.

The payment of pensions was provided by the state at the expense of budgetary funds. For this, the state social insurance budget was formed annually. It was made up of state budget funds, as well as insurance premiums of enterprises, institutions and organizations. Contributions were paid by enterprises without any deduction from the workers' wages.

The legislative consolidation of the right to receive pensions by collective farmers took place almost 10 years after the adoption of the law on state pensions. In 1965, the USSR Law "On Pensions and Benefits to Members of Collective Farms" of 15.07.1964 came into force.

All collective farmers now have the right to receive pensions upon reaching the retirement age (60 years for men and 55 for women) and having the necessary work experience (at least 25 years for men and at least 20 for women).

Initially, pensions for collective farmers were assigned in the amount of 12 rubles a month. But this value could be revised upwards by the management of the collective farm. The pension increased every year. In addition to money, the collective farm board could provide its pensioners with other material assistance. For example, in the form of giving out crops and food. By 1987, the minimum amount of collective farm pensions was 40 rubles a month, and pensions paid for at least 10 years were 50 rubles.

Old age pensions in the Russian Federation

In the early 90s of the last century, the entire existing Soviet pension system collapsed. Little was taken from the USSR in terms of pensions. Namely: the age of retirement and the total length of service required to receive it.

In the new Russia, the state social insurance budget ceased to exist, and after it the system of personal and sectoral social benefits and differentiated pension allowances was abolished.

In fact, the state budget refused to pay pensions. At the end of 1990, the Federal Law "On State Pensions in the Russian Federation" was adopted, which created a kind of credit and financial organization, which was now responsible for all the care of pensioners - the PFR.

The FIU received autonomy and a budget independent of the state treasury. At the same time, the fund could dispose of all available funds, which, under capitalism, created scope for investment and financial speculation. As a result, it turned out that the FIU, despite its independence from the state, can neither invest nor speculate. The reason for this is the banal lack of funds.

The state budget no longer gave money, and the only source of replenishment for the PFR was insurance premiums transferred by enterprises. Considering that in the 90s enterprises across the country were closed and bankrupt in thousands, the PFR faced a catastrophic shortage of money from the very beginning of its operation. The shortage of money was so acute that the fund did not pay for months and even delayed penny pensions.

Therefore, the most effective financial operations of the PFR were loans and credits in commercial banks, and Russian pensioners for many years topped the list of the poorest and most vulnerable categories of citizens.

Subsequently, several more pension reforms were carried out, which also were not crowned with much success.

According to the Ministry of Labor, in 2018. It is planned to solve the problem of low pensions in the coming years in a way that, according to legislators, is no longer relevant.

Old age pension 2018

For the current year, legislators have scheduled the next pension reform, the main and only sense of which is to increase the retirement age. The pension reform is aimed, according to the government, at reducing the deficit of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation and at increasing the size of pensions.

The ILO Convention No. 102 of 28.06.1956 on minimum standards of social security serves as a legal basis for the forthcoming reform. According to this document, countries are allowed to set the retirement age at 65 years and above.

In order to carry out the reform, the Government of the Russian Federation, which proposed increasing the retirement age:

  • for women for 8 years - up to 63 years,
  • for men for 5 years - up to 65 years.

According to the bill, the increase in the retirement age will begin in 2019 and will be carried out gradually. The reform will drag on for 10 years for men and 16 years for women. The final retirement age of 65 is planned for men in 2028 and 63 for women in 2034.

According to the document, the first to be affected by the increase in the retirement age are men born in 1959 and women born in 1964. These citizens, subject to the transitional provisions, will be eligible to retire in 2020. That is, at the age of 61 and 56, respectively. Women born in 1971 will be eligible for retirement in 2034 at age 63 (excluding presidential amendments).

The changes will not affect persons who have already retired.

Currently, this bill and amendments to it are being prepared. In particular, the amendments were recommended to be introduced into the document by the President of the Russian Federation, which is the pension reform.

According to the president, the retirement age for women should not be increased more than for men. In this regard, he recommended reducing the proposed increase in the retirement age for women from 8 to 5 years. Thus, women will retire at 60 and men at 65.

The president also proposed to establish the right to early retirement for mothers with many children. If a woman has three children, then she can retire three years ahead of schedule. If there are four children - four years earlier. For women with 5 or more children, the retirement age will be 50 years.

In addition, the president proposed to establish a benefit for citizens who will retire under the current legislation in the next two years after the start of the reform. Such citizens will have the right to apply for a pension 6 months earlier than the new retirement age.

“For example, a person who, according to the new retirement age, will have to retire in January 2020, will be able to do this already in July 2019. That is, I repeat, 6 months earlier, ”the president said.

This is not the end of the topic of pension reform. The Ministry of Labor is going, the State Duma plans to send money confiscated from corrupt officials to the Pension Fund of Russia, and the state will prosecute employers for dismissing pre-retirees. By the way, on September 26, the State Duma approved the law on raising the retirement age in the second (main) reading in the pension reform.

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In connection with the onset of incapacity for work, citizens insured in the compulsory pension insurance system (OPS) or, in some cases, their relatives are entitled to monthly cash support - this is insurance pension, which is paid to citizens, compensating for wages.

  • Since incapacity for work can occur due to old age or disability, payments are also divided into old age or disability pensions, respectively.
  • In addition, there is an insurance pension in the event of the loss of a breadwinner, which is awarded to disabled relatives of a deceased citizen who was insured in the OPS system.

If the conditions for the appointment of insurance payments from a citizen not respected, then he will be assigned a social old-age pension already under state security, but the retirement age for this pension will be increased by 5 years.

Minimum requirements for seniority, age and retirement rates

In 2017, in order for an old-age insurance payment to be established for a citizen, it is necessary that all three conditions:

  • reach the retirement age, which in Russia is 55 for women and 60 for men;
  • have at least 8 years of work experience;
  • have 11.4 pension points (coefficients) on their individual personal account with the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation.

It is also necessary to take into account that in accordance with Appendix 3 of Federal Law No. 400-FZ of December 28, 2013, the minimum length of insurance experience and the minimum number of IPC (points) for the appointment of an old-age pension will be increase every year.

Increasing requirements for the number of years worked will increase every year for one year until 2024 and upon reaching it (and in subsequent years), in order to assign a payment, it will be necessary to have 15 years of experience... In the same way, the requirements for the minimum number of pension coefficients are increased annually by 2.4 points, and already in 2025, in order to retire, you will need to have 30 points on a personal account.

Eligibility for early retirement

As you know, in our country for men and women a specific age is determined, after which they can apply for insurance payments for old age. However, at the legislative level, some categories of citizens are allowed to retire. before age... As a rule, this is associated with difficult and hazardous work activities. Depending on the profession, citizens can arrange payments five, seven, or even ten years earlier than ordinary workers.

In accordance with Article 30 of Federal Law No. 400-FZ of December 28, 2013, subject to certain conditions, an old-age insurance pension may be established ahead of schedule. citizens of the following professions:

  1. miners;
  2. tractor drivers-machinists;
  3. locomotive crew workers;
  4. public transport drivers;
  5. pilots;
  6. fire service workers;
  7. teachers;
  8. health workers;
  9. representatives of creative professions, etc.

In addition, Article 32 of Federal Law No. 400-FZ of December 28, 2013, an early pension may be assigned to some social criteria of persons, i.e. the purpose is not related to the type of work performed:

  1. women who gave birth and raised five or more children before the age of 8;
  2. women with insurance experience in severe climatic conditions, if they have two children;
  3. invalids due to military trauma and invalids of the first group of vision;
  4. midgets and disproportionate dwarfs;
  5. northerners.

If certain conditions are met, then these citizens do not have to wait until the generally established age, they have the right to go on a well-deserved rest earlier.

Where to go for an appointment?

After a citizen has reached retirement age, and his insurance experience and the amount of pension points are not less than the state established, he can apply for an old-age insurance payment:

  • to the territorial body of the Pension Fund of Russia;
  • to the Multifunctional Center.

Contacting government agencies should be at the place of registration(including temporary). But if the insured person lives at an address that is not confirmed by registration, then the appeal is possible at the place of actual residence... However, Russians who have moved from the Russian Federation abroad for permanent residence and do not have registration in our country should apply directly to the Pension Fund of Russia, which is located at the address: Moscow, Shabolovka Street, 4.

Registration procedure and required documents

In order to issue insurance coverage for old age, you need to submit to the state body the documents necessary to establish the payment. These are:

  1. statement on the appointment of an old-age insurance pension;
  2. passport(or a residence permit - for foreign citizens);
  3. SNILS("Green card" confirming registration in the compulsory pension insurance system);
  4. documents confirming length of insurance period(work record book or its copy certified by the employer, etc.);
  5. certificate of average monthly income for 60 consecutive months for the period of employment (until 01.01.2002) or information on average monthly earnings in the period from 2000 to 2001.

For reference

Above are the main documents that are required to process the payment. In some cases (to confirm additional circumstances), additional documents may be required:

  • about changing the name, surname or patronymic;
  • about disabled relatives, etc.

Application for the appointment of a pension

It is necessary to submit documents and an application for the purpose of security to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation or the MFC. This can be done:

  • personally, by contacting the territorial authority;
  • through a legal representative (by proxy).

Submission of documents is also provided by mail... In this case, the date of the citizen's request for payment is the date of the postmark at the place of departure. In addition, the application can be sent through "Personal account of the insured person" on the official website of the FIU (you can download the form there). The document must be in electronic format.

As a rule, the day of applying for the establishment of security is considered day of receipt of the application... However, this applies to citizens who, on the day of application:

  • submitted all the necessary documents;
  • not all documents were submitted, but the missing ones were reported within three months.

The Pension Fund of Russia has the right to accept from a citizen an application for the establishment of an insurance pension no earlier than one month before the onset of the retirement age, which gives the right to payments.

Terms of appointment and payment of pension benefits

After the FIU has accepted all the necessary documents, the application is considered within 10 working days:

  • from the date of admission, if all documents were submitted on time;
  • from the date of submission of the missing documents (if they were submitted within three months).

If all documents correspond to reality, and the citizen fully fits the three conditions for assigning insurance payments, then the pension provision is established from the day the citizen applies. Also, the payout can be set earlier if within 30 days after being fired from work, the citizen applied for her. In any case, this type of pension is granted indefinitely.

Old age insurance replaces the citizen's wages and is paid monthly. In this case, the pensioner has the right to choose a more convenient delivery method Money:

  • to your home (via the Russian Post, delivery organization);
  • at the checkout (through a bank, delivery organization or Russian Post).

To select the appropriate delivery method, you need to write application to the FIU... This can be done as with a personal appeal to the territorial authority, by e-mail or on the PFR website.

For reference

The pension fund has the right refuse to grant an application if the information contained in the submitted documents does not correspond to reality. In this case, the FIU will notify the citizen within five working days from the date of the decision, indicating the reason for the refusal, and will also return all submitted documents to him.

Old-age pension in 2017

After the carried out pension reform in 2015, the calculation of old-age insurance pension payments is made according to the following formula:

SP = IPK × SIPK + FV,

  • Joint venture- old-age insurance pension;
  • IPK- individual pension coefficient (sum of points);
  • SIPK- the cost of one point (IPC);
  • PV- fixed payment.

Since 2016, the cost of the individual pension coefficient since February 1 has been 74.27 rubles, and the fixed payout was 4558.93 rubles.

In February 2017, it is planned to index the value of the pension point and the fixed payment for inflation in 2016, which is planned to be about 5.8%.

As a result, their values ​​will be:

  • SIPK - 78.58 rubles;
  • PV - 4823.35 rubles.

In accordance with these data, substituting them into the general formula, you can get the procedure for calculating old-age pensions in 2017:

SP = IPK × 78.58 + 4823.35 rubles.

For the calculation in this formula, it remains only to substitute the sum of your own points(IPK).