Professional standard for a specialist in working with a family. Organization of the activities of a specialist in social work with a family

11.10.2019

The decree of the President of the Russian Federation included instructions to the Government of the Russian Federation:
a) prepare and submit by September 1, 2012 to the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation a draft federal law on amendments to the legislation of the Russian Federation concerning the development, approval and application of professional standards;
b) approve by December 1, 2012 the plan for the development of professional standards;
c) develop by 2015 and approve at least 800 professional standards.
To implement this decree, a layout of the professional standard "Specialist in working with the family" is being developed. This standard is of particular importance in connection with the difficulties of the life of many families in society. The number of families with children in difficult life situations, life-threatening situations, living in a crisis situation and trouble is constantly growing. This situation is alarming for the public, citizens of the country, the government, since many children are held hostage by the situation in their own families. When children are identified who find themselves in a difficult life situation, as a rule, the parents are deprived of parental rights and the child is placed in a state institution. Unfortunately, professional specialists who can help a family with a child in such a situation are not trained in our country.
The professional standard "Specialist in family work" assumes the main goal - to provide assistance to different types and types of families on the basis of identifying family dysfunction using techniques of early intervention in the family, development of a plan and program for the rehabilitation of a family with a child, reintegration (return) of the child and family into society with the involvement of the resources of the family and its immediate environment, as well as changing relations between family members, improving the socio-psychological situation in the family, increasing the responsibility of parents for raising children.
This goal can be concretized through bridging the gap between the requirements for the professional activity of a specialist in various spheres of social practice and the system of professional education that has developed in Russia. This situation will require the creation of new directions and profiles in the development of the current vocational education system for effective training in those areas of activity where such training is in great demand or may be in demand in the very near future. The social sphere has become just such an area, and the new profession is the “specialist in working with the family”. The introduction of this new profession will make it possible to overcome the interdepartmental character of both its training and professional activities. The very essence of the introduction of the new profession "specialist in working with the family" is interdepartmental, since he can work in any organization in the social sphere.
An occupational standard is used to define educational and qualification requirements. For a specialist in working with the family, a 6-7th level of qualification is provided, higher education: master, specialist, postgraduate student, additional professional retraining in new programs based on higher education or additional education programs, regular professional development of specialists and internships. At the same time, it is desirable that the specialist has at least three years of work experience in a specialty close to the main one (volunteer, volunteer).
According to modern experts, the most problematic points of the existing system of training specialists in the social sphere are:
lack of an interdisciplinary approach to solving the problems of social practice in teaching;
lack of specializations focused on those areas of activity of a specialist in the social sphere, in which such a request has developed, but there is still no training system for them (work with different types of families with children: those who find themselves in a difficult life situation, a dangerous situation for life, living in a crisis , in trouble);
low saturation of the educational process with the results of modern, including foreign, research due to the insufficient level of language training of future specialists in working with the family, lack of access to modern international databases on psychology, etc.
Possible places of work for a specialist in working with the family: organization of the education system, health care, social protection, primarily schools, boarding schools, orphanages, PMPK, PPMS centers, educational institutions for children with special educational needs, social rehabilitation centers, shelters, centers assistance to families and children, social and psychological support services for families and children, guardianship and guardianship authorities, authorized organizations that support different types of families, non-profit organizations that provide assistance to orphans, work with families and children.
The introduction of the professional standard "Specialist in working with families" will contribute to the solution of two important tasks - the prevention of social orphanhood, which involves the reduction of children placed in state institutions, and the policy of deinstitutionalization - the withdrawal of children from boarding schools and their return to blood families or placement in substitute families.

Tatiana SHULGA,
Doctor of Psychology,
Leading Researcher
laboratories of psycho-social
problems of prevention of neglect
and orphanhood MGPPU

Social work with the family is multifaceted. This activity is aimed at addressing the needs of the family and its social environment. It can be noted that today there are no unified approaches to the practice of social work with the family, and it is only possible to outline the main strategies:

· The emphasis is on models of interaction between a person and her environment;
· A systematic approach to the family. Structural interaction, connections, content, form of organization are comprehended;
· Approach to the family as a unit of change, comprehension of ways to change the situation;
· The “active-therapeutic” approach includes active forms of intervention: restructuring of family ties, introduction of new marital and family roles, distribution of household responsibilities, etc.
· Concentration of work on the principle of "here and now", changing attitudes and views on family relationships, behavior of marriage partners.

Social work is organized around various family problems, including mental health, family services, family and school problems, work with the elderly, and family welfare. The theoretical understanding of the family problem was obtained in the works of V. Satir, S. Minukhin, R. McGregor, M. Bowen and others, their approaches are used in the practice of social work with the family.

For families of various categories of clients: disabled people, pensioners, military personnel, refugees, etc. - various technologies of social work are used. The types and forms of social assistance, the purpose of which is to preserve the family as a social institution in general and each specific family in need of support, can be divided into emergency, i.e. aimed at the survival of the family (emergency assistance, urgent social assistance, immediate removal from the family of children in danger or left without parental care), aimed at maintaining the stability of the family, at the social development of the family and its members.

Let us dwell on the types of emergency assistance in the presence of intra-family cruelty. This kind of relationship is usually hidden from others, but objective (and rather complicated methodologically) studies indicate that they are quite widespread (according to American researchers, they are typical for at least 15% of all families). In our country, scientific interest in this problem is only awakening, but some data (domestic murders and registered crimes, testimonies of doctors, teachers, social workers and law enforcement officers) prove its growth.

Forms of abuse are not limited to physical violence - this is any violent attack on the personality of a family member, on his right to dispose of his physical, mental or other abilities - for example, a ban on communicating with friends or neighbors, obstruction of the wife’s out-of-home employment, acquisition of education, advanced training , ridicule, insults, unfounded criticism. Such behavioral acts and psychological atmosphere have a destructive effect on the relationship between family members, their psychosomatic health.

Physical and sexual violence in the family is the most dangerous for an individual, his health and life. Physical violence is considered beatings, attempts to strangle, wounding, deliberate burns, bites, as well as the deliberate use of poisonous or prichotropic substances, etc. Sexual violence against underage children is touching their genitals, coercion into sexual intercourse, oral or anal sex, masturbation, showing children porn films and other depraved actions. Physical violence is often used to coerce children into lecherous acts. However, at times, emotionally rejected and socially neglected children use their sexual resources to “bribe” adults in order to gain their attention and protection. This specific sexualized behavior is difficult to correct.

Victims of physical and sexual abuse are characterized by long-term depression, anxiety attacks, fear of touch, nightmares, feelings of isolation, and low self-esteem.

Protecting weaker family members, especially children, from abuse in the family is one of the most important tasks of a social worker. Sometimes children who are abused are intimidated or unable to talk about what is happening to them, due to misunderstanding, early childhood, intellectual and mental limitations, or for other objective reasons. As a rule, this kind of behavior is hidden from the eyes of others. In some cases, there is no evidence of abuse (bruises, scratches, etc.) or they quickly disappear. Therefore, you should know the direct and indirect signs of abuse in a family with children: aggressiveness, irritability, alienation, indifference, excessive compliance or caution, excessive (not age-specific) sexual awareness, abdominal pain of unknown etiology, problems with food (from systematic overeating to complete loss of appetite), restless sleep, bedwetting. In addition, there may be emphasized secrecy in the relationship between an adult and a child, the child's fear of a particular family member, a clear unwillingness to be alone with him.

The combination of such signs should become a reason for a serious study of the situation in the family. The participation in this study of a social work specialist, psychologist, doctor, and sometimes an employee of the internal affairs body should give an objective picture of what is happening and help to stop child abuse. As a rule, there is a need to immediately remove him from such a family and place him in a social rehabilitation institution - this is in the competence of the local guardianship and guardianship authorities.

To technologies; used in cases of family abuse, also includes the organization of social shelters (hotels, shelters), which enable women and children (there are shelters abroad for men who are abused in the family) to wait out the crisis of the family situation in a safe place. However, as a rule, it is unproductive to be limited only to this type of assistance, because unresolved family conflicts periodically escalate. Therefore, it is necessary to resort to medium-term assistance programs focused on stabilizing the family, restoring its functional ties, normalizing relations between spouses, between parents and children, and the relationship of all these family members with others.

One of the many-sided methods is the construction of a family genogram, i.e. These are schemes of family history, created according to certain rules and reflecting the relationships in the generations of grandparents, parents and in the studied family itself. This process is quite fun - drawing up your family tree is one of the deepest needs of people. In addition, in the course of its creation, together with the family therapist and with his participation, family members, who may have practically not communicated for a long time, are involved in a single activity, complementing each other. Finally, the final picture is highly informative: an excessive number of widows or cases of divorce in the ascending or lateral branches of the family may indicate, respectively, a negative biological predisposition or the presence of congenital personality problems.

Diagnostic activity should help clients to realize and recognize the need to change their family relationships, to root motivation for long, patient and difficult work aimed at self-change, overcoming their own unwanted stereotypes.

The technologies for correcting family relationships are numerous; their choice is determined both by the circumstances of a specific social situation, including the characterological traits of clients, and by the personal qualities of the family therapy specialist himself, his tastes and preferences. Over time, each experienced specialist transforms methods in his own way, creates his own contamination from several suitable forms of work. The essence of all the means used is the implementation and consolidation of those changes that will contribute to the desired stabilization of the family.

Unfortunately, not all types of family dysfunctions are amenable to correction, and this depends not only on the inadequacy or inadequacy of the efforts of a specialist in family work. Sometimes it is possible with a high degree of probability to predict an unfavorable prognosis of a future family union even before its conclusion. Some variants of problems are solvable in the early stages, but become more complex as they are delayed. A social worker should not consider the situation hopeless, no matter how aggravated the relationship between family members, but it should be remembered that the resolution of family problems is, first of all, a matter of free choice and responsible behavior of the family members themselves. Without their strong-willed effort and perseverance, the most effective social technology will not succeed.

The National Technological University (NTU) is licensed by Mosobrnadzor. During our existence, we have accumulated extensive experience in the implementation of distance learning technologies and have formed a staff of highly qualified teachers. Refresher courses and professional retraining "Specialist in working with the family" refer to additional vocational education and are focused on people with higher or secondary vocational education. The training is carried out in order to meet the requirements of the professional standard.

Training of specialists in working with families according to the professional standard

Professional standard "Family specialist" No. 13, approved by Order of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation No. 683n dated November 18, 2013, describes the level of knowledge, skills and practical experience of specialists to correspond to the position held. This document was registered with the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation under No. 30849 dated December 26, 2013 and is used in the field of providing assistance to various types of families and comprehensive support to families with children based on the identification of family problems.

Thanks to professional development of specialists in working with families at the National Technological University, employees of your organization will be constantly updated on the latest developments in their professional activities. We commit ourselves to systematically informing about important and recent changes and guarantee the impeccable quality of education.

Professional retraining of specialists in working with families with the issuance of a diploma makes it possible to meet the professional standard.

Training of specialists in working with families according to the professional standard assumes that your employees are legally able to do:

identification of various types of families in difficult life situations;

organization and provision of targeted social, household, medico-social, psychological, pedagogical and socio-legal types of assistance.

In accordance with Federal Law No. 122-FZ of 05/02/2015, from July 1, 2016, the practical application of professional standards has become mandatory for all organizations. For non-compliance of specialists with the requirements of professional standards, penalties are now provided in the amount of 1,000 - 5,000 rubles. employee and employer 30,000 - 50,000 rubles. (see clause 1 of article 5.27 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation).

How is studying at NTU and ways of contacting us

You can contact us by phone and agree advanced training or professional retraining of specialists in working with families right now. Also, you can order a call or apply for training using a special form right on this site.

How is studying at the National Technological University:

You leave a request for training in any way available to you.
You are waiting for a call from our specialist and discussing the conditions for advanced training / professional retraining, as well as getting answers to all your questions.
Confirm your intentions by signing the agreement for the provision of services (the agreement is provided) and pay the invoice.
Take the training when it is convenient for you and successfully pass the final testing.
You receive a certificate of advanced training of the established sample or a Diploma.

Choosing the National Technological University, you are guaranteed to get the best prices in the capital. The highly qualified faculty of our University is guaranteed to help you acquire additional professional competencies. Training is carried out on the basis of a modern material and technical base. We provide you with a personal manager and guarantee an impeccable quality of service.

Social protection, social assistance to the population are institutions that characterize a humane and conscientious civil society. In this area, the role of a professional providing such support - a social worker - is very important. It is worth familiarizing yourself with the peculiarities of his work, as well as the documents regulating his work.

Social protection

In general, social protection of the population is a set of measures aimed at observing the rights of a citizen, meeting his social needs. A high level of such security of the population is a sign of a strong and prosperous state.

Social protection is mainly provided in three forms - social security, social assistance and social insurance. In the Russian Federation, its guarantor is the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection, the head of which today is M.A. Topilin. It is provided by the state Russian off-budget funds:

compulsory medical insurance;
social insurance of the Russian Federation;
pension fund of Russia.

These organizations operate at the local, regional and national levels.

Types and measures of social protection

Social protection of the population consists of a number of measures:

Protecting the rights of children and monitoring compliance with this.
Help in overcoming unemployment.
Material and moral support for large families.
Payment of benefits to low-income families.
Determination of the minimum wage, the smallest amount of scholarships, benefits, pensions.

Social protection is divided into state and non-state. The first includes:

free education;
payment of pensions;
privileges;
free healthcare;
social services for the population, social services.

Non-state social protection is represented by:

charity;
voluntary social insurance programs;
accessible private programs for the protection and restoration of health, etc.

Today, there are two models of state social support in the world:

Beveridge (English). Minimum social assistance for every citizen, regardless of his social status.
Bismarck (German). A citizen receives support from the state according to the amount of social contributions that he deducts to the treasury throughout his life. For socially unprotected categories, different rules and state protection programs apply.

Social help

Social assistance is either monetary support or in kind (in particular, it is provided by the center of social assistance) to citizens in a difficult financial situation. Such payments are financed either from the state treasury, or from the fund of voluntary donations of those who are not indifferent.

Social assistance is provided both as a result of checking the sources of income for those in need, and without these measures. Usually, assistance to people in especially difficult living conditions exceeds support for other citizens who live more or less tolerably.

Social work with family

One of the highest priority and necessary areas of social protection is work with the family. Its key tasks are:

support for cells of society in difficult conditions;
help in overcoming unsolvable problems;
preventing the emergence of new difficulties;
carrying out work, as a result of which "difficult" families learn on their own to overcome such difficulties on their way.

The Social Assistance Center mainly works with the following types of families:

whose members are supported by the state (disabled people, pensioners);
created by minor parents (parent);
with a high risk of depriving the mother and / and father of parental rights;
who find themselves in a difficult situation: a parent's disability, alcohol or drug addiction of a family member, forced resettlement, HIV infection, the presence of a parent in prison, faced with unemployment, cruel treatment, violence, orphanhood, homelessness.

Functions of the social center for working with the family

Social work with the family is multifunctional:

Coordination of work on social support of "difficult" families.
Preparation of personal files of such families.
Social inspection.
Development of a family support plan, taking into account the wishes of the latter.
Providing targeted support and assistance.
Prevention of domestic violence.
Informing the relevant services and authorities about the fact in the families under care.
Protecting the interests of families in court when such a need arises.
Providing other interested in helping government agencies information about the families under care.
Distribution of social advertising.

Requirements for a specialist in social work

A professional social worker may not have work experience, but must have a secondary or higher education in a social, legal or pedagogical direction. Requirements for a professional of II and I (highest) qualifications are much stricter: higher specialized education, work experience in the previous categories.

The job description of a social work specialist assumes knowledge in the following areas:

current legal normative documents related to social protection and assistance, support for families and socially unprotected citizens, protection of mothers and children, state policy in relation to these categories of citizens;
effective ways to improve the quality of social assistance;
the basics of psychology: a child, a pensioner, a disabled person, people in a difficult situation, etc .;
fundamentals of the Labor Code, labor protection;
sanitary and hygienic rules and the disabled.

Also, the job description of a specialist in social work says that knowledge in philosophy, political science, cultural studies, history, pedagogy, social medicine is actively used in his professional activities. It is important to know the stages of development of a social institution and its current state in the Russian Federation and in the world, forms, principles, methods of helping people of different ages and social status, general tools, key concepts, methods of analysis and monitoring in social work.

Necessary human qualities of a professional:

unselfishness;
purposefulness;
sociability;
benevolence;
tolerance;
social intuition;
hard work;
stress tolerance;
analytical type of thinking;
observation;
working capacity.

Functions of a social worker

The current job description of a social work specialist implies the assignment of the following functions to the employee:

Formation of a database of "difficult" families (social cards) in need of help from lonely pensioners, disabled people.
Determination of the origins of trouble, the size and nature of the assistance provided, and the provision of it itself.
Providing guardianship for disadvantaged cells of society, especially those with children with developmental disabilities or disabled people, families of internally displaced persons, participants and victims of military conflicts, with orphans, as well as disabled (including those due to disability), elderly people.
Providing assistance in the employment of wards and other ways to overcome material difficulties.
Conducting joint work with the internal affairs bodies for the prevention of illegal activities and an asocial lifestyle of the wards.
Analysis of the work done, forecasting the results of social assistance.
Implementation of federal and regional social programs, preparation of their projects and proposals.
Participation in methodological unions to improve the quality of social assistance provided.
Coordination of the activities of non-profit charitable associations that also provide assistance to wards.
Consultation of interested citizens on the subject of their activities.
Documenting the work done.

Rights and Social Work

Social worker rights:

propose and implement projects to improve the quality of social services provided;
contact the management for help in carrying out their functions;
to demand for familiarization the documentation and information necessary for their work;
improve their qualifications.

The job description of a social work specialist assigns him the following responsibilities:

responsibility under the Labor Code of the Russian Federation for the improper performance of their official functions:
responsibility under the Civil Code of the Russian Federation and the Code of Administrative Offenses for violations in the course of work;
responsibility under the Criminal Code, Civil Code, Labor Code of the Russian Federation for causing material harm.

A social worker is a responsible and necessary profession in any developed society. Itself and social protection have a lot of areas of activity, ways to improve and update them.

Legislation of the Russian Federation, international documents in the field of family policy and the rights of the child. Family psychology, family counseling, family crises. Socio-psychological, psychological and pedagogical foundations of interpersonal interaction. Conflictology, developmental psychology, defectology for identifying relationship problems

Syllabus

The student of this program studies the following disciplines:

Module 1. Organization of activities to identify different types of families and families with children in difficult life situations
Modern system of social protection of the population. Legal and regulatory support of social protection of citizens
Family and childhood in the system of social protection of the population
Social psychology, problems of socialization. Identifying family problems. Demoralizing the personality of a teenager
Diagnostics of family problems in different types of families and families with children
Module 2. Organization and provision of comprehensive support and targeted services for families with children
Legal foundations of social and household, medical and social, social and legal assistance. Organization of accounting for different types of families
Foundations of developmental and social psychology
Module 3. Enhancing the potential of families and families with children, supporting their resource
Social services and social support measures in difficult life situations
Counseling for families and families with children in difficult life situations
Module 4. Restoring intrafamilial ties, organizing and preparing the child for returning to a blood family or placement in a foster family
Technologies for resolving family conflicts
Social technologies for getting out of a difficult life situation
Module 5. Monitoring the socio-cultural environment and living conditions of various types of families
Monitoring the socio-cultural environment
Providing assistance and support to families in order to overcome the risk of social inequality
Development of social projects and their implementation in work with different types of families on an interdepartmental basis