What to do with a high temperature in children. What to do if the child has a fever. Norm and pathology

01.07.2020

However, there is no need to panic. Unfortunately, it is impossible to avoid such a situation, and every parent has encountered this at least once during the growth and development of the child.

It is very important to identify the cause of this, because a high temperature can signal various serious illnesses. It is believed that temperatures below 38.5 degrees should not go astray, as this most often indicates that the body's immune system is fighting the virus. As soon as possible, you should definitely seek medical help, especially if up to a year, because many diseases in babies develop much faster, and they can react differently even to a "common" cold.

In order for small patients it is better to use not mercury, but electronic, or which significantly reduce the measurement time, and are also much safer.

Often, if a child has a fever, pediatricians prescribe drugs based on paracetamol. Popular not so long ago, aspirin is not recommended for children under 12 years of age, as it has many unwanted side effects. In the case when paracetamol is not effective, you can use drugs, the active ingredient in which is ibuprofen. The dosage should be prescribed in consultation with your doctor.

Usually accompanied by general weakness. In this situation, it is recommended to put the baby to bed. It is not worth wrapping and dressing a child in warm clothes. On the contrary, it is necessary to leave a minimum of clothing, which will contribute to better heat dissipation.

The most effective will be wiping with water cooled to room temperature, or compresses with vinegar mixed with boiled water in a ratio of one to one. Modern pediatricians do not recommend vodka rubdowns, especially for children under one year old, since alcohol is well absorbed into the bloodstream through the pores of the skin, which can lead to intoxication. In addition to the forehead, it is good to apply compresses to the armpits, groin, collarbone, where the main vessels of the body pass.

Also, if the child has a temperature, it is recommended to drink plenty of water so that it does not happen. It is better to give juices, water or fruit tea. If signs such as dryness of mucous membranes and skin, disappearance of urine, tears, apathy, refusal to drink liquids appear, you should immediately consult a doctor.

It must be said that fever can indicate various diseases or health problems. The reasons for it must be clarified by consulting with a pediatrician. This can be either a reaction to teething or cooling of the body, or a signal of the onset of a viral or intestinal infection. The latter is usually accompanied by diarrhea, this disease is very dangerous for babies who are under one year old.

The room where the patient is located should be regularly ventilated, the optimum temperature in it should be no more than 20 degrees. It is better to feed the child at this time with food that is easily digestible, if the baby refuses to eat, you should not insist, it is better to pay attention to drinking more liquid.

It should be noted that if a child's temperature above 38.5-39 degrees does not go astray with the help of medicines containing paracetamol or ibuprofen, or goes astray for a short time, this will be a signal for an urgent appeal to the pediatrician, as it can lead to life-threatening condition. And in any other case, a doctor's consultation is necessary when using any drugs, especially in babies under one year old. If the temperature rises to 40 degrees and (or) is accompanied by convulsions, you need to urgently call an ambulance.

Overheating may become (if it is not, not and not by the nose). Look at the room thermometer, if it shows more than 20 degrees, you need to take urgent action. In the body, metabolic processes proceed much faster than in an adult, therefore his body heats up faster. Try to lower the air temperature in the room, it should not exceed 19 degrees. High temperature is a kind of protective reaction of the body, which is aimed at the destruction of viruses and infections. If the child does not have chills, then try to keep him cool. Since it is very dangerous to warm the baby with a heater and warm blankets, these measures can lead to heat stroke. Dress the child very lightly so that excess heat and heat go away unhindered. During illness, the loss of fluid through the skin increases, give the child plenty of water. Try to breastfeed babies more often and give water from a bottle with a nipple. For older children, offer compotes, fruit drinks, diluted juice and water. If the child categorically refuses to drink liquid for several hours, inform the doctor immediately. In combination with other measures to reduce the temperature, use rubdowns. This method can be applied to those children who have not had seizures before. To do this, use warm water, it should be close to the temperature of the child's body. Alcohol or cool water can cause chills and shivers in the baby's body, and using hot water will only raise the temperature even higher. Put an oilcloth on the bed, a diaper on top, lay the child down. Undress him, cover him with a sheet, and place a soaked cloth over his forehead. Re-wet when dry. With another moistened cloth in warm water, start wiping the baby's skin, moving from the periphery to the center. Pay special attention to the shins, feet, hands, armpits, hamstrings, neck, groin and face. Due to the evaporation of water from the surface of the skin, the surging blood will be cooled. Continue scrubbing for 20-30 minutes. Use antipyretics such as ibuprofen or paracetamol. Medicines in syrup begin to act after 20-30 minutes, in the form of rectal suppositories - after 30-45 minutes, but it is their effect that lasts the longest. Candles are recommended to be used if the child refuses to drink the medicine or vomiting occurs. And, of course, do not forget to call the local pediatrician at home, he will help determine the cause of the elevated body temperature and prescribe the appropriate treatment.

To begin with, let's figure out that each of us has a temperature and normally it is not necessarily 36.6 ° C. This is the “hospital average” value, because in a healthy person it can range from 36.1 to 37.2 ° C and even change during the day. For example, rise after eating or heavy loads.

When we say “The child has a temperature”, we mean fever - a condition in which the body temperature is elevated, that is, the thermometer under the arm shows more than 37.2 ° C.

If you put a thermometer rectally (into the rectum) or measure the temperature in the ear, then the values \u200b\u200bare usually higher Fever: First aid. Then fever - indicators more than 38 ° C. With oral (in the mouth) measurement - above 37.8 ° C.

Why is the temperature rising

Fever is a protective reaction of the body, as a rule, to various infections. At high temperatures, it is more difficult for bacteria and viruses to survive, so the body starts a process that destroys dangerous microorganisms, and at the same time activates the immune system Fever.

The temperature in children rises more often due to respiratory viral infections, those that we call the common cold. But this is not necessary: fever is manifested in many other diseases. In addition to infections, injuries, overheating, oncological, hormonal and autoimmune diseases, and even some drugs that have such side effects can be to blame for the temperature.

Adults notice a high temperature by special symptoms:

Weaknesses.
Headache.
Feeling chills and shivering.
Loss of appetite.
Pain in the muscles.
Sweating.

Children who already know how to talk may complain of discomfort. But the temperature rises in infants who do not know how to describe their condition.

The reason to measure the temperature is the unusual behavior of the child:

Refusal to eat or breastfeed.
Tearfulness, irritability.
Drowsiness, fatigue, passivity.

You can't talk about a fever based on a kiss on the forehead. Only the thermometer shows high temperature.

When and why to lower the temperature

An elevated temperature is a sign of a correct immune response when it comes to infections. Therefore, it should not be reduced so as not to delay recovery. Advice for managing child fever. It usually makes sense to give antipyretics after the temperature has risen. On the safe use of antipyretics in children up to 39 °C - these are rectal measurements. When the temperature is checked under the arm, doctors recommend lowering it after 38.5 ° C, but not before. Don't worry, the fever itself isn't that bad.

Many fear that high temperatures will damage brain cells. But according to the WHO, it is safe for children until they reach The Management of fever in young children with acute respiratory infections in developing countries 42°C.

Fever is not an independent disease, but only a symptom of it. When the temperature is reduced with drugs, the external manifestations of the disease are removed, but they do not cure it.

In rare cases, too high a temperature in children leads to febrile convulsions - involuntary muscle contractions. It looks creepy and makes parents faint, but basically the attacks stop by themselves and have no consequences. Fever. Call the doctors and make sure that the child does not injure himself: put him on his side, hold him, open tight clothes. Do not put anything in your mouth, it only increases the risk of injury.

But everyone tolerates fever differently: someone can read and play on a thermometer even at 39 ° C, someone at 37.5 ° C lies and cannot move. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the temperature for the sake of convenience and improve the well-being of the child.

If the child feels normal, then nothing needs to be done with a high temperature.

The easiest, fastest and most effective way is to give your child an antipyretic based on ibuprofen or paracetamol. They are produced in forms that are convenient for children to use: sweet syrups or candles. Be careful if you give your child syrup: flavors and dyes can cause allergies.

In no case do not exceed the dosage of the medicine. It is usually calculated based on the weight of the child. Children, especially preschoolers, can vary greatly in weight even at the same age, so focus on the number of kilograms, not years.

Remember that the action of drugs takes time: from 0.5 to 1.5 hours. So do not rush to measure the temperature 10 minutes after taking the pill.

Use the measuring cups, spoons and syringes that come with the medication. Do not collect medicine in the dark or in a teaspoon by eye: you always need to know how much and what medicines you gave your child.

To avoid an overdose, do not give babies combination medicines for cold symptoms. They already have paracetamol or another antipyretic in them, so it's easy not to notice that you overdose if you give several drugs at the same time.

Paracetamol and ibuprofen can be taken on the same day Paracetamol for children, but do not get carried away and do not give the child everything at once. If, for example, you gave paracetamol and it didn't help much, then when it's time for a new dose of antipyretic, give ibuprofen (or vice versa).

Do not give aspirin and analgin: children can develop serious side effects from them.

There are also physical methods, however, ineffective: wipe the child's hands and feet with a damp towel, put a cool compress on the forehead. Just do not take ice for this, it is enough to soak the towel with water at room temperature.

When to call the doctor

Experienced parents know that mild SARS can be dealt with on their own, at home. In such cases, a doctor is needed only to write out a certificate or sick leave for parents. But still, you need to see a pediatrician if:

You need to get a doctor's advice, calm down. Or you just think that the child needs medical help.
A feverish baby is less than three months old.
The child is less than six months old, and the temperature is above 38 ° C for more than 1 day.
The child is less than a year old, and the temperature is above 39 ° C for more than 1 day.
The child has a rash.
Along with the temperature, there are severe symptoms: uncontrollable cough, vomiting, severe pain, photophobia.

When to call an ambulance

You need to seek help urgently if:

The temperature has reached high values (more than 39 ° C) and continues to rise after taking antipyretics.
The child has a confused mind: he is too sleepy, he cannot be woken up, he reacts badly to the environment.
Have difficulty breathing or swallowing.
Vomiting was added to the temperature.
A rash appeared in the form of small bruises that does not disappear when you press the skin.
Convulsions began.
There are signs of dehydration: the child rarely goes to the toilet, he has a dry mouth with a red tongue, he cries without tears. In infants, the fontanel may sink.

How to help a child with a fever

The main thing that we can help in the fight against temperature is to eliminate its cause. If the case is a bacterial infection, they are needed (only as prescribed by a doctor). If other diseases are to blame, they must be treated. And only viruses pass by themselves, you just need to support the body, which will destroy these viruses.

Let's have a warm drink

At high temperatures, the moisture that is in the human body evaporates faster, so there is a risk of dehydration. This is especially true for children: they are small and they need very little to lose 10% of the liquid. With a lack of water, the mucous membranes dry up, it becomes more difficult to breathe, the child has nothing to sweat with, that is, he cannot dump heat on his own. Therefore, a warm drink at a temperature is very, very important.

Give your child juices, compotes, tea, water more often, persuade him to drink at least a few sips. Babies need to be offered breasts more often, but if the baby refuses, it is better to give him water or a special drink than to wait until he returns to breast milk.

Buy a humidifier

In order not to increase the loss of fluid with breathing (and we exhale steam, in which there is a lot of moisture from the mucous membranes), humidify the air in the room. To keep the relative humidity at 40-60%, it is best to buy a special humidifier. But you can also try.

Get out

Every day, carry out wet cleaning in the room: wash the floors and collect dust. This is again necessary to facilitate breathing. Do not be afraid to open the windows and ventilate. Fresh air is especially necessary for a person whose body is fighting a disease, because ventilation is one of the ways to disinfect a room. From an open window it will not get worse, but from hot, dry and full of microbes air it will.

By the way, the child can be bathed if he has a fever.

Of course, when the baby wants to sleep and lie down, you don’t have to drag him to the bathroom. But if the general condition is normal, the child moves and plays, you can wash.

Diet

Feed your child healthy food: don't give kilos of sweets just because he is sick. If the baby does not have an appetite, do not force him to eat. Lunch eaten through force will not help to cope with the infection. It is better to cook chicken broth and give it to your child: it is liquid, food, and help in the fight against inflammation.

What not to do when a child has a temperature

The best way to survive the unpleasant period of illness without problems and losses is to provide the child with good care. For some reason (according to tradition, on the advice of grandmothers, on advice from the forums), many harmful actions are considered mandatory in the treatment of temperature. How not to make mistakes:

Don't wrap your baby. If the temperature is high, then warm clothes and two blankets will only aggravate the process. It is better to persuade him to drink another cup of warm compote.
Do not place a heater near the child. In general, if the temperature in the room is above 22 ° C, it is necessary to reduce it. For a child with a fever, it will be better if the room is 18-20 ° C: inhalation of such air will not dry out the mucous membranes.
Don't sweat your feet, don't make you breathe over a pot with something hot, don't put mustard plasters: These procedures have no proven effectiveness, and the risk of burning and overheating is higher than any possible benefit. In addition, these are unpleasant activities, and the child is already bad. If you really want to help the baby, it is better to figure out how to entertain him when he is having a hard time.
Do not rub the child with vinegar and vodka. These methods help little, but they are very toxic to children.
Do not put the child to bed if he does not want to go there. The patient himself prescribes bed rest. If he has the strength to play, then it's good.

What to do if the temperature rises after vaccination

Some vaccines cause temporary reactions in the body - redness at the injection site, irritability, a slight increase in temperature. These are not complications, everything will pass by itself in 1-3 days.

You can eliminate unpleasant symptoms in the same way as in the case of any other temperature: antipyretics and a suitable regimen.

Usually the temperature after vaccination is not higher than 37.5 ° C. But if the fever rises, see a doctor.

An increase in body temperature is possible with various diseases in childhood. At the same time, the question of whether to shoot it down causes a lot of conflicting opinions.

Some of the parents have heard that with a fever, the body fights the disease more actively, and if the temperature is brought down, the duration of the disease will increase. Others have heard that both its elevated values and the drugs against it are very dangerous and threaten serious health problems.

As a result, some parents are afraid to bring down the temperature even in cases where this is required, while others give medicine to the crumbs even with a slight increase. Let's see what really needs to be done in these cases, and whether this symptom is a sign of the disease.

How to measure the temperature correctly?

Measurement in the armpit area is the most accessible and simple, therefore it is the most common.

However, there are other ways to measure:

In the mouth (oral temperature is determined). For measurement, a special thermometer in the form of a dummy is usually used.
In the rectum (rectal temperature is determined). This method is used when the child is less than 5 months old, since children older than six months will resist the procedure. A thermometer (necessarily electronic) is treated with cream and inserted into the baby's anus by about two centimeters.
In the inguinal fold. The baby is laid on its side, the tip of the thermometer is placed in a fold of skin, after which the child's leg is held in a position pressed against the body.

It is important that the child has a separate thermometer, and before use it should be treated with alcohol or washed with soapy water.

Also, when measuring, you must be guided by the following rules:

In a sick child, measurements should be taken at least three times a day.
Do not take the temperature if the baby is very active, crying, has taken a bath, is warmly wrapped up, and also if the air temperature in the room is high.
If you take oral temperature, it should be done 1 hour before eating and drinking, or 1 hour after, as drinks and food tend to raise oral temperatures.

Normal values

Features of temperature in infants are inconstancy and a rapid increase in any disease. In addition, in infants under one year old, it is normally slightly higher than in older children.

The normal temperature for a child younger than 12 months is considered to be less than +37.4°C, and for a child older than 12 months - less than +37°C. These are indicators of temperature measurement in the axillary region, as well as in the inguinal fold. For rectal measurements, less than +38°С is considered the norm, and less than +37.6°С for oral measurements.

The most reliable indicators are given by the use of a mercury thermometer, and electronic thermometers have a significant error. To find out how different the indicator of an electronic and mercury thermometer is, measure the temperature with two thermometers at once from any healthy family member.

Classification

Depending on the indicators, the temperature is called:

Subfebrile. The indicator is up to +38 degrees. Usually, this temperature is not brought down, allowing the body to produce substances that protect it from viruses.
Febrile. The increase is more than +38°С, but less than +39°С. Such a fever indicates the active struggle of the child's body with the infection, so the tactics of parents should take into account the condition of the child. If it is severely worsened, antipyretic drugs are indicated, and medicines can not be given to a vigorous and calm child.
Pyretic. Indicators on the thermometer from + 39 ° С to + 41 ° С. This temperature is certainly recommended to be reduced with medications, since the risk of seizures increases.
Hyperpyretic. The most dangerous temperature is over +41°С. Seeing such an indicator on the thermometer, you should immediately call an ambulance.

pros

Allows you to quickly diagnose many diseases in the early period and start timely treatment.
With the influenza virus, high temperature is important for high levels of interferon, which allows you to successfully overcome the infection.
At elevated body temperature, microorganisms stop multiplying and become less resistant to antibacterial agents.
Fever activates the baby's immune system, increasing phagocytosis and antibody production.
A child with a fever stays in bed, due to which his forces are fully directed to fight the disease.

Minuses

One of the complications is the appearance of seizures.
With a fever, the load on the child's heart increases, which is especially dangerous if the crumbs have rhythm disturbances or heart defects.
With an increase in temperature, the work of the brain, as well as the liver, stomach, kidneys and other internal organs, suffers.

stages

To start the mechanism for raising body temperature, foreign substances that enter the child's body - pyrogens - are usually needed. They can be various infectious agents, represented by unicellular, viruses, protozoa, fungi, bacteria. When ingested, pathogens are absorbed by white blood cells (leukocytes). At the same time, these cells begin to produce interleukins that enter the brain with blood.

Once they reach the center of body temperature regulation, located in the hypothalamus, these compounds change the perception of normal temperature. The baby's brain begins to define a temperature of 36.6-37 degrees as too low. It instructs the body to produce more heat and at the same time spasm the blood vessels to reduce heat transfer.

In this process, the following stages are distinguished:

Heat is produced in the baby's body in greater quantities, but heat transfer is not increased. Body temperature rises.
Heat output increases and a balance is established between heat production and its removal from the body. The temperature is decreasing, but not to the norm.
Heat production is reduced due to the death of infectious agents and a decrease in the production of interleukins. The heat output remains high, the child sweats and the temperature returns to normal.

It should be noted that the temperature can decrease lytically (gradually) or critically (dramatically). The second option is very dangerous with vasodilatation and a decrease in blood pressure.

Is immunity really developed?

Numerous studies have confirmed that in some infections, elevated temperature contributes to a faster recovery. It was also found that the use of antipyretics for some time prolongs both the time of the disease itself and the period of contagiousness. But, since these effects do not apply to all infections that occur with high fever, it is impossible to talk about the unambiguous benefits of fever.

Scientific studies have shown that active compounds produced at high temperature (among them interferon) in some cases help to recover faster, and in some diseases they have a negative effect on their course. In addition, for many children this is a very dangerous condition.

What will happen if you do not bring down the heat?

For a long time, high temperature was considered a factor that could disrupt blood clotting and cause overheating of the brain. Therefore, they were afraid of it and tried to reduce it in every possible way. However, modern scientific research has shown that it is not the high temperature itself that leads to health problems, but the disease that manifests itself as such a symptom.

At the same time, doctors note that fever is dangerous for children with chronic pathologies of internal organs, symptoms of dehydration, impaired physical development or diseases of the nervous system.

The danger of hyperthermia lies in the large expenditure of energy and nutrients to maintain a high temperature. Because of this, the internal organs overheat and their function is impaired.

Maximum allowable values

It is determined primarily by the age of the baby:

If you see numbers on the thermometer above those indicated in the table, this indicates a high probability of a serious illness, therefore it is extremely important to urgently call a doctor with such temperature measurement results.

When are antipyretics needed?

It is usually recommended to bring down the febrile temperature if the child does not tolerate this condition, however, there are situations when it is worth giving an antipyretic agent even with subfebrile indicators:

If the child is less than 2 months old.
When the baby has diseases of the cardiovascular system.
In the past, the child had convulsions at a high temperature.
If the child has diseases of the nervous system.
When a child has hyperthermia caused by overheating.

Additional symptoms

High fever is rarely the only manifestation of a child's health problems. Other signs of disease join it.

red throat

Redness of the throat against the background of fever is characteristic of viral and bacterial infections affecting the nasopharynx. Such symptoms often appear with tonsillitis, scarlet fever and other childhood infections. The child complains of pain when swallowing, begins to cough, refuses food.

Runny nose

The combination of high fever and runny nose most often occurs with viral infections, when viruses infect the nasal mucosa. The child may also have symptoms such as weakness, refusal to eat, difficulty breathing through the nose, lethargy, sore throat, cough.

Cold feet and hands

The condition when, at an elevated temperature, the child has pale skin and its vessels are spasmodic, is called white fever. To the touch, the limbs of the baby with such a fever will be cold. The child usually has chills. This condition requires immediate medical attention. The child's body should be rubbed with the hands, but rubbing with water and other methods of physical cooling are prohibited. To relieve spasm of skin vessels, the doctor will recommend taking an antispasmodic, for example, No-shpu.

convulsions

Increased body temperature can cause seizures. For their association with fever, such convulsions are called febrile. They are diagnosed in children under 6 years of age with indicators above + 38 ° C, as well as in children with pathologies of the nervous system at any numbers.

During febrile convulsions, the child's muscles begin to twitch, the legs can straighten and the arms bend, the baby turns pale, does not react to the environment, it is possible to hold the breath and turn blue of the skin. It is important to immediately lay the baby on a flat surface with his head turned to the side, call an ambulance and not leave the baby for a minute.

Vomiting and diarrhea

Such symptoms on the background of fever usually indicate the development of an intestinal infection, but they can also be caused by the consumption of certain foods by a small child. In babies younger than 3 years old, the intestines have not yet fully matured, so those foods that are normally tolerated by older children can cause dyspepsia and fever.

In addition, the combination of fever with vomiting can signal not only the gastrointestinal tract. Such symptoms are characteristic of meningitis and acetonemic syndrome. In children younger than 7 years of age, vomiting may occur at elevated body temperature and without damage to the brain or digestive system. It happens at the peak of the temperature increase, usually once.

Abdominal pain

The appearance of complaints of pain in the abdomen against the background of fever should alert parents and cause an ambulance call. Serious diseases requiring surgery (for example, appendicitis), kidney disease, and diseases of the digestive tract can also manifest themselves in this way. To clarify the cause, the child will be prescribed tests and additional examinations.

No additional symptoms

The absence of other signs of the disease often occurs during teething, as well as in situations where the disease is just beginning (other symptoms appear later). High fever, as the only symptom, is often noted with kidney infections. You can confirm the disease with urine tests and ultrasound examination.

Causes

Elevated temperature acts as a protective reaction of the child's body to the ingress of infectious agents into it, but can also be due to non-infectious causes.

Diseases

Infectious diseases are a very common cause of fever:

Disease	How does it manifest itself besides high temperature?	What to do?
	The appearance of a runny nose, dry cough, complaints of sore throat, body aches, muscle pain, nasal congestion, sneezing.	Call a pediatrician, give plenty of fluids, if necessary, give an antipyretic.
Chickenpox or other childhood infection		The appearance of pain in the ear, as well as discharge from the ear, cough, runny nose.	Contact a pediatrician to examine the child and prescribe the appropriate treatment for the situation.
When to call a doctor? The doctor should be called in each case of fever, since only a specialist can determine what caused and how to treat the baby. Indications for an immediate call to the doctor are the following situations: The temperature rose above the indicators considered maximum for a certain age of the child. The fever provoked the appearance of convulsions. The kid is disoriented, he has hallucinations. If there are other dangerous symptoms - vomiting, abdominal pain, difficulty breathing, ear pain, rash, diarrhea and others. The child's temperature is elevated for more than 24 hours and during this time the condition has not improved. The baby has serious chronic diseases. You doubt that you are able to correctly assess the condition of the baby and help him. The child got better, but the temperature rose again. The baby refuses to drink and the parents report symptoms of dehydration. What to do? Often, not only adults, but also children suffer from colds and flu. However, not all cold medicines are approved for use in children. Fortunately, there is a children's form of AntiGrippin from Natur Product, which is approved for use in children from 3 years old. Like the adult form of AntiGrippin, it consists of three components - paracetamol, which has an antipyretic effect, chlorphenamine, which facilitates breathing through the nose, reduces the feeling of nasal congestion, sneezing, watery eyes, itching and redness of the eyes, and ascorbic acid (vitamin C), which is involved in regulation of carbohydrate metabolism, increases the body's resistance. Antipyretics In most cases, such medicines allow, albeit for a short time, to improve the condition of the child, allow him to sleep and eat. With sore throat, otitis, teething, stomatitis, these drugs reduce pain. Will rubdowns help? Used in the past, rubbing with vinegar, alcohol, or vodka is now considered harmful by pediatricians. Doctors do not advise wiping the child even with a cool towel, because such actions provoke vasospasm in the child's skin, and this, in turn, will reduce heat transfer. In addition, alcohol-containing liquids, when rubbed, will actively enter the child's body, which is fraught with poisoning of the baby. Rubbing is permissible only after using drugs prescribed by a doctor that relieve spasm of peripheral vessels. For the procedure, only water at room temperature is used. In addition, you can wipe the child, provided that the baby does not mind, since with resistance and screams, the temperature will increase even more. After rubbing the child should not be wrapped up, otherwise his condition will worsen. Food and liquid A child with a fever should drink often and a lot. Give the baby tea, compote, water, fruit drink or any other liquid that he agrees to drink. This is essential for heat dissipation through greater evaporation of sweat from the skin, as well as faster elimination of toxins in the urine. Feed the baby should be given in small quantities. Let the child eat according to his appetite, but not much, because when digesting food, the body temperature will increase. Both dishes and drinks offered to the child should have a temperature of about 37-38 degrees. Folk remedies It is recommended to drink tea with the addition of cranberries: it stimulates active sweating. At the same time, such a drink should be given carefully - in babies up to a year old, it can cause allergies, and older children should not use cranberries for any stomach diseases. Another wonderful folk remedy with an antiseptic and antipyretic effect is raspberries, which can be given to a child in the form of jam, juice or tea. But in cases where there is a risk of allergies, the use of raspberries is best avoided. How safe is the treatment? How many days does the child have a high temperature? It is not the fever itself that is dangerous for the baby, but the cause of the appearance of this symptom. If the parents do not know what provoked the temperature rise in the baby and the next day after the increase in the condition did not improve, and additional alarming symptoms appeared, you should immediately seek medical help. In this way, you will establish the cause of the child's illness and be able to act on it, and not just on a symptom. If the parents know the cause of hyperthermia, and it is not dangerous, the child was examined by a doctor and prescribed therapy, then the temperature can be brought down within a few (3-5) days, observing the child. If there are no positive changes in the course of the disease over the past three days, despite treatment, you should call the doctor again and undergo an additional examination. Rules After choosing a specific drug to reduce the temperature, determine the desired single dose according to the instructions. Antipyretics should be taken only when necessary. The next dose must be at least 4 hours after the previous dose for paracetamol or 6 hours for ibuprofen. A maximum of 4 doses of the drug can be taken per day. The medicine taken by mouth is washed down with water or milk. It can also be drunk during a meal - so the irritating effect of medicines on the gastric mucosa will be reduced. What medicines to choose? Paracetamol and ibuprofen are the drugs that are recommended in childhood with a high temperature. Both drugs equally reduce pain, but ibuprofen has a more pronounced and prolonged antipyretic effect. At the same time, paracetamol is called safer and is recommended as the drug of choice for infants in the first months of their life. Infants are often given such drugs in the form of rectal suppositories or syrups. This is due to the convenience of using these forms - they are easy to dose and give to the child. In older children, preference should be given to tablets, syrups and soluble powders. The action of drugs taken by mouth begins within 20-30 minutes after their use, and rectal suppositories - 30-40 minutes after administration. Suppositories will also be the most preferred option in the presence of bouts of vomiting in a child. In addition, syrups, powders, and tablets often contain additives for taste and smell, which can cause allergies. You may hear recommendations to take paracetamol and ibuprofen together or in alternation of these drugs. Doctors believe that it is safe, but not necessary. The combination of these drugs works with the same effectiveness as taking ibuprofen alone. And if you gave this medicine, and the temperature does not decrease, you should not give paracetamol additionally, it is better to immediately call an ambulance. Why shouldn't aspirin be given to children? Even in adulthood, it is advised to avoid the use of aspirin at a temperature if possible, and for children under 18 it is completely contraindicated. In childhood, aspirin has a pronounced toxic effect on the liver and is the cause of the development of serious complications, which doctors call "Reye's syndrome." With this syndrome, internal organs are affected, in particular the liver and brain. Also, taking aspirin can affect platelets, cause bleeding and allergies. In the room, lower the air temperature to 18-20 degrees to increase heat transfer (if the baby does not have a chill). You should also take care of sufficient humidity (60% is considered the optimal level), since dry air will contribute to the loss of fluid by the child's body and the drying of the mucous membranes. When choosing clothes for a child, make sure that the baby is not cold, but you should not overheat the baby with excessively warm clothes either. Dress your baby in the same way as you are dressed or a little lighter, and when the baby starts to sweat and wants to undress, let him give off more heat in this way. Limit the activity of the child, because some children run and jump even at temperatures above 39 degrees. Since movement increases the production of heat in the body, distract the child from active play. However, do it in such a way that the baby does not cry, because due to tantrums and crying, it will also rise. Encourage your child to read books, watch cartoons, or do some other quiet activity. It is not necessary to force the child to lie down all the time. 1 Instructions for medical use of the drug AntiGrippin There are contraindications. Need to consult a specialist

Save so you don't lose! Recommended by pediatricians! Very useful information, thanks! I did not know everything, now I will take note. Described in detail and...

Save so you don't lose! Recommended by pediatricians!

Very useful information, thanks! I did not know everything, now I will take note. It is told in detail and simply, without unnecessary troubles.

Now, when children get sick so often, this knowledge is necessary for every mother! After all, it is so important to help your child and do no harm!

1. How and when to bring down the temperature of a child

We knock down if above 38 Your task is to reduce T to 37.5 C armpit.
To lower T, use paracetamol (acetaminophen), ibuprofen. Never use aspirin, especially if your child has chickenpox.
Undress the child (do not wrap!). Don't forget the cool, fresh air in the room.
To reduce T, you can also use cool baths (water temperature corresponds to normal body temperature).
Do not use alcohol rubs, especially on young children. Remember, alcohol is poison for a child.

2. Why don't paracetamol and ibuprofen always work?

The fact is that all drugs in pediatric practice are calculated on the weight of a particular child. The drugs must be taken, correctly calculating the dose for the weight of a particular child, using special measuring syringes Manufacturers, especially cheap paracetamols, for some reason underestimate the doses, and focusing on the recommendation - "from 6 months to 3 years" is also not reasonable, since it is not one dose of the drug may be suitable for a child weighing 8 to 18 kg.

3. How to take antipyretics correctly? (We calculate the dose of the drug)

Paracetamol (Panadol, Efferalgan, Cefekon D) single dose of the drug - 15 mg / kg. That is, for a child weighing 10 kg, a single dose will be 10 kg X 15 \u003d 150 mg. For a child weighing 15 kg - 15X15 = 225 mg. This dose can be given up to 4 times a day if needed.

Ibuprofen (nurofen, ibufen) Single dose of the drug 10 mg/kg. That is, a child weighing 8 kg needs 80 mg, and weighing 20 kg - 200 mg. The drug can be given no more than 3 times a day.
The drugs reduce the temperature within an hour and a half, by about 1-1.5 degrees, one should not expect a decrease in temperature to the "normal" 36.6.

4. What drugs SHOULD NOT be given to a child

Analgin (metamisole sodium). The use of the drug in the civilized world is not approved due to its high toxicity, inhibitory effect on hematopoiesis. In Russia, it is widely used, especially in emergency situations, as part of a "lytic mixture". Perhaps a single administration of the drug in conditions where other, safer drugs are not available. But the constant intake of analgin with each rise in temperature is absolutely unacceptable.

Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic acid) - the use of the drug in children under 12 years of age with viral infections is prohibited due to the possible development of toxic encephalopathy with liver damage - Reye's syndrome.

Nimesulide (Nise, Nimulide) - A few years ago, it was widely advertised as an antipyretic in children due to gaps in the legislation. Temperature drops remarkably. Produced only in India. In the civilized world, use in childhood is prohibited due to the possibility of developing severe liver damage (toxic hepatitis). At the moment, the use of the drug in children under 12 years of age in Russia is prohibited by the Pharmaceutical Committee.

5. You can't!

Applying cold objects to the "temperature" body of the child - this provokes a spasm of the skin vessels. And if a decrease in skin temperature occurs, then the temperature of the internal organs, on the contrary, increases, which is extremely dangerous. - It is impossible to rub with alcohol or vinegar, because these substances enter the child's body through the skin, which means that poisoning is possible.

6. What to do about ‘white fever’?

Is there any benefit to high temperatures? Undoubtedly! Fever is a response to infection, a protective mechanism that helps the body fight viruses, with an increase in body temperature, protective factors are produced in the body. If your baby's skin, despite the high temperature, is pink and moist to the touch, you can be relatively calm - the balance between heat production and heat loss is not disturbed. But if at a high temperature the skin is pale, the hands and feet are cold, and the child is chilled, then this is a “white fever”, in which vasospasm occurs. The cause may be damage to the central nervous system, lack of fluid, decreased pressure, and other reasons. For white fever:

1) Try to give half a tablet of Nosh-pa and intensively rub the cold extremities of the child with your hands. Keep in mind that antipyretics will not begin to act in full force until the vasospasm has passed. Be sure to call an ambulance - they will inject the ‘lytic mixture’!

2) Eliminate any methods of physical cooling - rubbing, wrapping in cold sheets, etc.! Your child already has a spasm of skin vessels.

7. What form of medicine to choose?

When choosing the form of the drug (liquid medicine, syrup, chewable tablets, suppositories), it should be borne in mind that drugs in solution or syrup act after 20-30 minutes, in suppositories - after 30-45 minutes, but their effect is longer. Candles can be used in a situation where the child vomits when taking liquid or refuses to drink medicine. Candles are best used after a child's bowel movements, they are convenient to enter at night.