What are the first signs in the early stages of pregnancy? How to tell if you are pregnant: the main signs of pregnancy without a test

02.08.2019

Pregnancy: conditions of onset, early signs, diagnosis

In this article, we will talk in detail about the conditions necessary for the onset of pregnancy in the female body, about the earliest symptoms indicating the development and progression of pregnancy, and methods of early diagnosis.

Physiology of pregnancy

Fertilization normally takes place in the fallopian tube. After ovulation (release of the egg) from the ovary, the egg enters the fallopian tube, where it meets with the sperm and fertilization begins. The fertilized egg (zygote), due to the peristaltic movements of the fallopian tube, moves into the uterine cavity, where implantation takes place (introduction into the prepared endometrium). This movement takes 7-9 days. From this moment (implantation), we can talk about the onset of pregnancy.

Conditions for the onset of pregnancy

In order for a new life to arise in a woman's body, several conditions must be met.

First, the menstrual cycle must be accompanied by ovulation (maturation and release of the egg from the follicle). Fertilization is possible only within 12 hours after ovulation (since the life of the egg is 12 hours), but this does not mean at all that sexual intercourse should occur on the day of ovulation, since sperm can maintain vital activity and fertilizing ability in the genital tract of a woman during several days (up to 5-7 days). But in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle (12-14 days after ovulation), pregnancy is almost impossible. This calculation can only be used in women with a regular menstrual cycle, the possibility of early or late onset of ovulation, as well as the maturation of two eggs at the same time, must be taken into account.

Secondly, sperm must have high motility, surviving ability, and normal morphology.

Finally, the egg and sperm must be immunologically compatible. These are preconditions for pregnancy.

The first signs of pregnancy

The earliest signs of pregnancy include the following:

Delayed menstruation. If conception has occurred, and the fertilized egg has successfully attached to the wall of the uterus, then a signal enters the body, as a result, the level of progesterone is maintained at a high level (due to the functioning in the ovary of the corpus luteum, which is also called the guardian of pregnancy). A yellow adze is formed at the site of a bursting follicle, from which the egg was released and produces the hormone progesterone. As a result of the hormonal changes occurring, menstruation does not occur, and the growth of the ovum and the formation of the embryo occur in the uterine cavity.
Nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite. Symptoms associated with dyspepsia, as a rule, begin to appear from 5-6 obstetric weeks, when the concentration of human chorionic gonadotropin increases significantly. These symptoms are called early toxicosis, they are not found in all pregnant women, but in some they may appear even before menstruation is delayed. Symptoms of dyspepsia are also caused by hormonal changes in the body in connection with the progression of pregnancy, early toxicosis subsides in most cases by 12-15 weeks of pregnancy, when the corpus luteum ceases to perform its function, and the placenta formed by this time takes over the production of hormones.
Weakness, malaise... Such signs may appear even before menstruation is delayed, and many women experience drowsiness. These symptoms can also indicate the presence of anemia during pregnancy, therefore it is very important to control the level of hemoglobin and red blood cells in pregnant women, starting from the first trimester of pregnancy.
Engorgement of the mammary glands, increased sensitivity of the nipples. During pregnancy, the concentration of prolactin, the hormone responsible for the production of breast milk, increases. From the very first days of pregnancy, a woman's breast prepares for future lactation, therefore, glandular tissue grows, and a small amount of colostrum may even appear. But, in most cases, colostrum appears after 20-30 weeks of pregnancy or just before childbirth. The sensitivity of the nipples is increased by an increase in progesterone and hCG, some pregnant women have a slight soreness in the nipples.
Irritability, nervousness. With the onset of pregnancy, the hormonal background changes dramatically, so this can also affect the emotional calmness of the pregnant woman: there is a frequent change in mood, tearfulness, a feeling of irritation from familiar things.
Frequent urination... Even before the increase in the uterus, urination may become frequent, this is also due to the action of increased progesterone. A prerequisite is the painlessness of the urination process, this is the differential diagnosis between urinary tract infection.
Low-grade fever. From the moment of ovulation, the basal temperature rises above 37 degrees, it is maintained at this level until the onset of menstruation. With successful implantation of a fertilized egg in the uterine cavity, a "signal" is sent to the brain, as a result of which the production of progesterone in the ovaries increases even more and thermoregulation changes: a woman may have a subfebrile temperature, and the basal temperature does not drop below 37 degrees.
Cyanoticity (cyanosis) of the vulva and vagina... The mucous membrane of the external genital organs, the entrance to the vagina, the vagina itself and the cervix at the onset of pregnancy acquires a bluish tint due to venous congestion: this can be seen when examining the external genital organs with the naked eye or when examining the cervix by an obstetrician-gynecologist using special mirrors.

It should be borne in mind that these symptoms can occur in many gynecological and extragenital diseases, be a sign of hormonal disorders in a woman's body. Therefore, in the absence of pregnancy and the occurrence of these symptoms, there is a need to contact a gynecologist and undergo an examination.

When can pregnancy be determined?

There are several ways to diagnose pregnancy: a urine test for home use, a laboratory blood test for hCG, a gynecological examination, ultrasound diagnostics.

The earliest way to determine that a pregnancy has occurred is a blood test for hCG, a special hormone that appears in a woman's blood during pregnancy. This method is able to determine early pregnancy, as early as 6-7 days after fertilization. Test strips for determining pregnancy are also based on determining the level of human chorionic gonadotropin, but in a portion of urine. A urinary test is informative when menstruation is delayed, from the first day (that is, 12-14 days after ovulation). Some tests are informative even before menstruation is delayed, 4-5 days later, they have a particularly high sensitivity. A pregnancy test should be performed on the morning urine sample, the hCG level is especially high in the morning.

During the examination (bimanual examination), the gynecologist can diagnose pregnancy, starting from 5-6 obstetric weeks (this is 1-2 weeks of delay in menstruation), at this time there is an increase in the uterus, which becomes available upon examination by a doctor.

The informative value of ultrasound in early diagnosis of pregnancy largely depends on the qualifications of the ultrasound specialist and the resolution of the apparatus. At 4-5 obstetric weeks (2-3 weeks of gestation) of pregnancy, the ovum begins to be visualized in the uterine cavity, and from the 5th week the embryo itself and its heartbeat.

Most frequently asked questions:

The likelihood of pregnancy when using the calendar method of contraception. Of course, the likelihood of pregnancy is present, since the time of ovulation can shift, and 2 ovulations can occur per menstrual cycle.
The likelihood of pregnancy when using interruption of intercourse. Pregnancy can occur even if ejaculation did not occur in the woman's genital tract. This is due to the fact that during sexual arousal, a man secretes smegma - a special lubricant that envelops the glans of the penis. This lubricant can contain sperm that are able to fertilize an egg. In addition, immediately before ejaculation, a small amount of prostate secretion, which also contains live spermatozoa, may be released, imperceptibly for a man.
The ability to get pregnant while doing petting... In this matter, it is necessary to clarify exactly what actions were performed by sexual partners, since the concept of petting includes a lot of foreplay. If there was a penetration of the penis (even a few centimeters) into the vagina, or ejaculation occurred on the external genitals or on the eve of the vagina, then the probability of pregnancy is present, although not great.
Is it possible to get pregnant as a virgin? Yes, you can, if the sperm got into the initial section of the vagina or its vestibule. The hymen always contains one or more natural openings (for the exit of vaginal secretions, menstrual blood), through this opening sperm easily penetrate.
Is it possible to get pregnant with an irregular menstrual cycle. Yes, pregnancy can occur, since ovulation also occurs with an irregular menstrual cycle, it is just that the time of its onset in each cycle may differ (early or late ovulation), that is, the maturation time of the egg is different in each menstrual cycle. Tracking ovulation with such a cycle is more difficult, but pregnancy can occur if intercourse occurred on the day of ovulation or a few days before it.
Possibility of pregnancy with unilateral removal of the uterine appendages. The appendages of the uterus include the ovary and the fallopian tube on each side (right and left). When the fallopian tube is removed (which is often necessary to resort to during an ectopic pregnancy), pregnancy is possible, but only with ovulation from the opposite side of the ovary. If both ovaries or both fallopian tubes are removed, then pregnancy cannot occur without the help of special assisted reproductive technologies, this is the basis of the principle of the surgical method of contraception - female sterilization (ligation or transection of the fallopian tubes).
Can you get pregnant while masturbating? Definitely, if there is viduzhenskaya masturbation using fingers, water or any sexual toys, then pregnancy cannot occur, since the main condition for pregnancy is the ingress of sperm into the female genital tract.
The likelihood of pregnancy after taking Escapel, Postinor, etc. drugs. The use of the method of postcoital contraception without violating the regimen is a reliable means of protection against pregnancy, therefore, if the drug was taken no later than 72 hours, then the percentage of pregnancy is minimal.

If you find yourself in a difficult situation, and you have doubts about the possibility of pregnancy, then you can always turn to our consultants for help, for this you need to click on the button ask a question in the category

Text: Lyudmila Artsybysheva, chief physician of the Health Clinic,
Tatiana Kaznacheeva, PhD, Assistant of the Department of Reproductive Medicine and
surgery MGMSU

The slightest failure in the cycle can drive anyone crazy. After all, a swollen chest, a change in mood and "strange sensations" in the abdomen can indicate both the onset of pregnancy and the imminent onset of menstruation. What can we say about morning sickness, which easily appears from self-hypnosis?

We asked Artsybysheva Lyudmila Romanovna, the chief physician of the "Health Clinic", an expert of the program "Happiness of motherhood to every woman!" and Tatiana Kaznacheeva, Candidate of Medical Sciences, Assistant of the Department of Reproductive Medicine and Surgery, Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, expert of the program "No surprises!"

Tells Artsybysheva Lyudmila Romanovna, chief physician of the clinic "Health Clinic", expert of the program "Happiness of motherhood to every woman!":

Pregnancy myths

There are no women in nature who are able to get pregnant from a nearby male toothbrush, but fertility (the ability to conceive and bear a baby) is different for everyone. Although it is genetically programmed, it is influenced by many factors. Pregnancy cannot occur on any day of the menstrual cycle - this is a myth. The so-called unplanned ovulation can occur a little earlier and a little later than the middle of the menstrual cycle. The process of follicle maturation and ovulation occurs under the influence of hormones. In addition, the endometrial layer matures in the uterus, where the embryo enters after fertilization. And this layer must be of a certain thickness, otherwise nothing will work.

Test, ultrasound or blood for hCG?

Of course, we want to get an answer to the question "Pregnancy or delay" as soon as possible. But, alas, it is impossible to find out whether a pregnancy has occurred or not before the date of the expected menstruation. Do not cheat yourself and do not "hassle" home pregnancy tests in packs ahead of time!

The hCG test is informative on the 20th day from the moment of ovulation. With a regular menstrual cycle, ovulation occurs approximately in the middle of the cycle, for example with a 28-day cycle on days 13-14. With 30 days - for 14-15 days.

The method for determining the level of chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is the most accurate, it can be used to judge the duration of pregnancy, and how the pregnancy is developing.

The fertilized egg appears in the uterine cavity about 5-7 days after the missed period, but sometimes it is very difficult to see it.

An ultrasound examination and a vaginal examination by a gynecologist cannot provoke a spontaneous miscarriage - this is also a myth. But they can help diagnose the presence of problems that could lead to this miscarriage.

Pregnant, although protected

Sometimes pregnancy is a big surprise for the mother-to-be. And the rhetorical question "How is it, after all, we protected ourselves" often remains unanswered. In fact, different methods of contraception have different effectiveness.
To estimate it, the percentage of unwanted pregnancies that occurred within 1 year of using the contraceptive method is calculated. Let's compare!

If couples do not use any contraceptive method for 1 year, then 85% of them will become pregnant.

If male condoms are used, then 15% become pregnant within 1 year.

Combined oral contraceptives (pills), contraceptive patch, vaginal ring NovaRing - give a much lower percentage of unwanted pregnancy - 8%.

The most reliable methods of contraception are the intrauterine hormonal releasing system and sterilization, the pregnancy rate is 0.1% and 0.15-0.5%.

Pregnancy that is "overlooked"

Getting pregnant by having sex during menstruation is possible only if the sperm remain in the woman's body before ovulation begins. The probability is very small, but nevertheless it exists. It should also be borne in mind that having sex during menstruation is not the best solution, it can provoke inflammatory diseases of the female genital area, endometriosis, etc. (not to mention the danger of direct contact with blood and therefore an excellent opportunity to contract hepatitis and HIV).

If during pregnancy, during the expected period, bloody discharge begins - this symptom means the threat of termination of pregnancy. If timely measures are not taken in time (preserving therapy is prescribed by a doctor), such a pregnancy may be terminated. Sometimes there are times when the spotting stops and the pregnancy persists on its own. But this is extremely rare.

Just a delay

Women who want a baby begin to hope that they are pregnant almost from 1 day of delay. But alas, sometimes delays do not mean pregnancy at all, especially if the weight does not fit within the normal range.

Whether you are overweight or underweight, your menstrual cycle can be irregular.

With reduced nutrition, the function of the ovaries can be inhibited up to a state similar to that of menopause with all the symptoms characteristic of menopause (dry mucous membranes, hair loss, decreased sex drive, etc.).

With overweight, the mechanism is somewhat different - adipose tissue is a hormonally active organ, additional formation of both female and male sex hormones can occur in it. Excessive male sex hormones can lead to irregular menstrual periods.

An irregular menstrual cycle can also be a symptom of diseases such as dysfunction of the thyroid gland, pituitary gland, other endocrine glands, severe liver and kidney diseases, etc.

An irregular menstrual cycle is always a cause for concern. Such women have problems with the onset and gestation of pregnancy. In the future, it is, as a rule, an unfavorable factor for the onset of tumor diseases of the female reproductive system, mammary glands.

What to do, if...

Delay 1-3 days
No action is required. As a last resort, rectal temperature can be measured. In the absence of pregnancy, it will not rise above 36.7-36.8.

Delay 4 - 7 days
You can do a home pregnancy test

Delay more than 7 days
If your period is more than 7 days late and an early pregnancy test is being performed, you should consult your doctor.

Maria Sokolova

Reading time: 7 minutes

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Pregnancy brings many changes to a woman's body, starting from the first days. Therefore, for many, positive is only a confirmation that they have already begun to feel these changes, that their body has already signaled the beginning of a new life, and the delay is only an expected logical consequence.

The first signs of pregnancy before delay

Malaise.Very many women at the very beginning of pregnancy may experience discomfort, which they mistake for a cold. This is due to an increase in body temperature during the first trimester of pregnancy. The woman gets tired quickly, so a feeling of soreness may occur. Although at this time a woman can really get a little sick due to the ongoing decrease in immunity. The main thing in such cases is not to treat yourself with antibiotics, which are contraindicated during pregnancy. It is best to turn to folk remedies.
Increased breast tenderness. This symptom most often appears one to two weeks after conception. A woman's chest reacts literally to every touch, swells, hurts, sometimes to such an extent that it is impossible to touch it. There are also reverse situations, when women do not feel their breasts during pregnancy and are surprised that it does not hurt before the expected arrival of menstruation, as it usually happens. In any case, pregnancy isn't the only reason.

Darkening of the skin around the nipples. Darkening of the areolae of the nipples may also indicate pregnancy.
Slight spotting. It can be as little bleeding as the release of brown bloody droplets or a “yellowish mark” on toilet paper. Such discharge often prompts a woman to think about the onset of menstruation. This discharge is associated with the planting of the embryo on the uterine wall, which occurs 6-12 days after conception. The so-called is one of the earliest signs of pregnancy. Small discharge may reappear at a time when the fruit egg is more actively implanted in the wall of the uterus. Most often, this discharge has a creamy, pinkish or yellowish tinge. This discharge can also be provoked. Erosion usually intensifies with the onset of pregnancy due to increased blood circulation in the cervix. Therefore, it can bleed at the slightest contact.
Implantation sinking, increased basal temperature. Implantation sinking is a sudden change in basal temperature by one day in the second phase. Falling down most often occurs for two reasons: firstly, the production of progesterone, which is responsible for raising the temperature, and secondly, with the onset of pregnancy, estrogen is released, which in turn is responsible for lowering the temperature. The combination of these two hormonal shifts leads to implantation sinking.
Another sign of pregnancy is above 37 degrees, which most often lasts during the first weeks of pregnancy, until the placenta begins to function.
Fatigue, constant sleepiness. Apathy or feeling tired all the time is another sign of pregnancy. This is due to the greater production of progesterone and the transition of the body to the pregnancy regimen. Progesterone depresses the psyche, the woman becomes depressed, drowsy and irritable. But with an increase in the duration of pregnancy, in addition to progesterone, the body actively secretes estrogens, which have a stimulating effect on the psyche and both depression and drowsiness pass.
Restless sleep. Many women who do not yet know about their pregnancy note that sleep is becoming more restless. They often go to bed earlier or simply turn off. They wake up early and cannot fall asleep further. Even after proper sleep, a feeling of "weakness" and lack of sleep often appears.
Hot and cold. In the first trimester of pregnancy, women experience a rise in body temperature and a decrease in blood pressure. This leads to the fact that they are often hot in one T-shirt, when it is +15 ° C outside, or they cannot keep warm, even putting on all the warm things that were in the closet.
Aversion to odors, nausea. A classic sign of pregnancy, which occurs in half of pregnant women, it occurs during 2-8 weeks of pregnancy. Nausea and vomiting are associated with a disorder of the neuroendocrine regulation of body functions, the main role in which is a violation of the functional state of the central nervous system.
Together with vomiting in early pregnancy occurs irritation of the salivary center... Pregnant women experience frequent salivation, which can subsequently lead to significant weight loss (up to 2-3 kg), which is highly undesirable for a pregnant woman. If the abundantly secreted saliva is swallowed and enters the stomach, then this leads to a change in the acidity of the gastric juice and to a violation of the digestive function.
Headaches, migraines. The sharp rise in hormone levels early in pregnancy can lead to frequent headaches. But by the end of the first trimester, with the stabilization of the hormonal balance, the pain subsides.
Small swelling of the arms and legs. Progesterone contributes to the retention of salts and fluids in the body, this can be manifested by swelling of the hands. By clenching your fingers into a fist, you can see that they have increased in volume. During pregnancy, there is an increase in blood flow to the pelvic area and a constant increase in the uterus. Therefore, some pregnant women “feel” their uterus from the very first days of implantation.
Pain in the lower back, a feeling that the abdomen twists, as at the beginning of menses. Minor pain in the sacrum area may also indicate the onset of pregnancy. Such minor pain can continue to appear throughout the pregnancy.
Bloating, bowel upset. A fairly common sign of pregnancy is an increase in abdominal circumference at an early stage, when the uterus has only slightly increased, this happens due to intestinal distention. During pregnancy, the rate of passage of intestinal contents decreases, which causes bloating and can cause constipation. Hormonal changes in the body lead to an increase in the blood supply to the vessels of the abdominal cavity and this can cause an edema of the intestinal walls.
Frequent urge to urinate. An increase in the level of hormones in a woman at the beginning of pregnancy contributes to a significant rush of blood to the pelvic organs. The bladder, kidneys, ureters change their functioning. The woman begins to want to use the toilet more often both during the day and at night. As a rule, the urge is not accompanied by painful sensations, as with. However, sometimes a weakened immune system leads to the occurrence of thrush.
Increased vaginal discharge, thrush. An increase in vaginal secretion is also associated with blood circulation in the pelvic organs. During pregnancy, the level of hydrogen in vaginal secretions increases. This is a kind of mechanism for protecting the vagina of the expectant mother from the ingress of harmful microorganisms. But in such an environment, yeast develops very well, which can lead to the appearance of thrush, which must be cured so as not to infect the child. Read on our website as much as possible
Decreased pressure, fainting, darkening of the eyes. Lowering blood pressure is a universal phenomenon for pregnant women, which can result in dizziness, weakness, headache, fainting. A worsening condition can occur if a woman stands for a long time, if she is in a stuffy room, after taking a hot bath, on an empty stomach.
Increased appetite. It is one of the clearest signs of pregnancy, appears in the early stages. Women have a craving for certain foods, for example, they may have an increased craving for strawberries, grapes, or certain specific-tasting foods. But at the same time, there may be aversion to certain dishes, even to loved ones.
And the main symptom delayed menstruation. A missed period is the most famous and most obvious sign of pregnancy. Delay can sometimes happen for other reasons, most often they are certain stressful conditions of the body. Look. But if you are having an active sex life and you are delayed and possibly showing some of the above signs of pregnancy, you should take a pregnancy test to confirm all doubts.

As a rule, many already pregnant girls say that they felt almost the same as during PMS (premenstrual state) - a reaction to smells, pulling pains in the lower abdomen, irritability, chest pains. Then all these signs passed abruptly, and menstruation did not come.

A woman leading an intimate life is always sensitive to her menstrual cycle in order to know if a pregnancy has occurred. Someone is waiting for this and wants to know about the joyful event as early as possible. Some women, on the contrary, fear that this has happened if the birth of a child is not yet (or already) not included in their plans. The first signs of pregnancy after conception will help to recognize whether this event has occurred. They are understood as the first signals that the body gives.

Sometimes they appear so dimly that the expectant mother does not immediately notice them and pays attention, but if you listen to yourself sensitively, notice any changes, uncharacteristic manifestations of your body, you will learn about the expectation of the baby in the early stages.

Signs

Symptoms that a new life has arisen may appear at the earliest stages, but they are not pronounced. If you want to determine whether or not you are pregnant before the delay begins, check out the symptoms that may tell you about your new condition.

Painful sensations

They appear in the lower abdomen. Almost all women are familiar with these sensations - they can signal that menstruation will go from day to day, but they can also talk about the onset of pregnancy - if menstruation has not yet begun.

If the pain persists, you should consult a doctor, because this symptom may indicate not only conception, but also the threat of miscarriage.

This can be signaled by spasms. They do not speak at all about the growth of the uterus, which begins to increase slightly only by the 5th week of gestation. If you are already sure of your pregnancy, watch out for discharge - their presence is also a reason for an urgent appeal to a gynecologist.

Digestive system

She, too, can signal the expectant mother about her new condition.

In addition to the well-known toxicosis, the following symptoms may be observed:

Flatulence. Often women who do not associate it with other symptoms believe that they have a common stomach upset;
Reaction to various odors. They may disgust a woman, but she may simply become more sensitive to them;
The expectant mother's gastronomic preferences can change dramatically. There are often cases when she notices that she sharply wanted something that she was indifferent to before, and sometimes even food that used to be disgusting.

At this time, whims may appear associated with the fact that one second a woman may want strawberries, and the next - herrings.

It is worth considering that these signs are informative if they appear in conjunction with other symptoms.

Speaking about when, after conception, the first signs of pregnancy, which are associated with the digestive system, may appear, it should be noted that this will not happen earlier than the first week of gestation. This is due to the fact that only on the 7-9th day, the fertilized egg moves into the uterus and after that the hormonal background of the expectant mother begins to change.

Emotional condition

A pregnant woman becomes moody, her mood often changes. This is due to hormonal changes. Sometimes she is whiny, her emotional state is suppressed, anxiety, restlessness appears.

As a rule, these signs are manifested due to the fact that subconsciously the expectant mother is worried about her life and health, as well as about the life and health of her baby. By the way, the experiences of primiparous women are much more pronounced than those of multiparous women.

Mammary gland

Many of the fairer sex experience breast tenderness before the onset of menstruation. In the second phase of the cycle, the glands swell, become heavy, poured. The same thing happens during gestation - the body prepares to feed the unborn child.

Some pregnant women say that already on the 3-5th day of the "interesting position" they feel painful sensations in the chest, and she herself has become more rounded and attractive.

Urination

It becomes more frequent due to the fact that the level of progesterone increases, and it relaxes the bladder. If the pregnancy has not been confirmed, and this symptom has not disappeared, it is worth contacting a urologist, because he can signal the onset of cystitis.

Temperature

Both rectal and whole body temperature can increase during pregnancy. True, this symptom usually appears after a delay. Sometimes the body temperature can be 37-37.2 degrees.

As for the rectal temperature, it, too, during gestation in the early stages can be about 37 degrees. But the same indicator is characteristic of the second phase of the menstrual cycle.

By the way, if the fact of conception is confirmed, and the rectal temperature is less than 37 degrees, it is necessary to tell the doctor about this - this is one of the symptoms of the threat of miscarriage. However, it can be influenced by the intake of certain medications, intimate relationships, alcohol.

HCG

Chorionic gonadotropin is a hormone produced by the developing placenta. Its presence is determined by a blood or urine test. Therefore, when you suspect pregnancy, get tested. You can do it easier - do a pregnancy test. He determines conception by the level of hCG. Accordingly, if it turns out to be positive, you should immediately contact your gynecologist.

In fairness, it should be said that for a more reliable result, it needs to be done several times. Moreover, it is better to purchase tests from different manufacturers. The fact is that situations are not uncommon when you come across defective products that will not give the correct result. Currently, tests are being made that can show pregnancy as early as 3 days after conception, therefore, having noticed the first signs of it, purchase such a highly sensitive product.

Other, less sensitive tests can be used, but they will show a reliable result only after a delay in menstruation.

By far, the most accurate answer to the question of whether you are pregnant or not will be given by a urine and blood test for hCG done in the clinic.

Other signs

Some girls prefer to believe in dreams, considering them also a sign of conception. They say that if you see a fish or a watermelon in a dream, you can immediately draw conclusions about the imminent birth of a baby. In fact, you can only trust this "symptom" in jest, because dreams are in most cases just "pranks" of our subconscious.

Almost all of the listed first signs of pregnancy can appear as early as 2 weeks after conception, but, most likely, they will be weakly expressed.

Why doesn't pregnancy occur?

If the expectation of all these symptoms is not crowned with success, and instead of two strips it is possible to wait only for menstruation, anxiety arises as to why conception does not occur.

This is especially true for couples who have a regular sex life without protection, and there are no problems with reproductive health.

Pregnancy is the most wonderful time when a woman bears a new life in her body. The process is coupled with a number of changes and new sensations for a woman, many of which are desirable and long-awaited. The main sign of the onset of pregnancy is known to everyone - it is a delay in menstruation, but there may still be a lot of time before the next menstruation, and the desire to find out whether the miracle of conception has happened is very great. It should be understood that not only a delay signals this, there are a number of other common signs by which it is possible to establish with almost one hundred percent accuracy that pregnancy has nevertheless come.

Is it possible to determine the pregnancy before the delay?

The question of whether there are ways to determine the onset of pregnancy even before the delay in menstruation worries many women. For some, this is important, since they want to learn about a joyful event as soon as possible, while others, on the contrary, want to make sure that there is no unwanted conception. This question can only be answered with an understanding of the female anatomy and the processes taking place.

It should be noted right away that it makes no sense to look for a possible pregnancy earlier than a week after unprotected intercourse if ovulation has not yet occurred. Ovulation is the process of the release of an egg from the ovary into the fallopian tube, and this happens in the middle of the menstrual cycle. Given this, it is advisable to track the signs only after the onset of this phenomenon. It is quite possible to determine conception before the delay without a test, the most important thing is to take into account the peculiarities of the reproductive system.

When do the first signs appear?

Signs of the onset of pregnancy, which have sufficient intensity and clarity, occur approximately on the 20th day after fertilization, when the egg is fixed in the uterus. At this stage, the restructuring is serious, and it can be difficult not to notice them. There are also earlier "symptoms", which not all manifest themselves so intensely that they could be noticed. It is worth noting that it is not worth relying on only one sign, you always need to pay attention to the totality of changes in the body.

Physiological changes

Independent methods for diagnosing pregnancy are based on those changes that begin to occur in the female body immediately after the fertilization of the egg. Some of them may not be expressed, and such signs can be identified only with careful monitoring of your own condition.

Basal temperature change

Basal temperature is the lowest temperature index reached by the human body at rest. To obtain the most accurate data, rectal measurements are taken in the morning, after waking up, before starting any physical activity. Undoubtedly, pregnancy can be determined in this way only if measurements are taken on an ongoing basis - this will be the most objective and accurate assessment of your own condition.

With the help of basal temperature, you can fairly accurately assess the onset of days favorable for conception - ovulation. During this period, the indicators slightly increase and on average reach 37 degrees (the exact figures for your own body will help determine the fixation of temperature data over several cycles). The increase lasts almost until the onset of menstruation, and about a week before their start begins to decline to normal values. If the dynamics have changed, and there is no decrease, then pregnancy is likely - during the gestation of the baby, the basal temperature does not drop.

Minor bleeding

Even minor bleeding causes fear in women and this is not surprising, since they can also occur as a symptom of the disease. However, there are phenomena that are absolutely normal and typical for a pregnant woman. One of the first signs of pregnancy before menstruation is delayed, experts call implantation bleeding. This happens at the moment when the fertilized egg is introduced into the lining of the woman's uterus (fixed). It is known that the membranes of the uterus are well supplied with blood due to the developed vascular network, and during the introduction of the egg, trauma to the vessel can occur, which ends with an insignificant release of blood. Usually the stage coincides with the time when a new menstrual cycle should begin according to the plan, for this reason it is often confused with regular periods, especially if they are already scarce. If you closely monitor your condition, you can note the differences between this type of bleeding and menstruation:

short duration - usually no more than two days;
small volumes of secreted blood, it is red or pinkish, does not contain tissue fragments;
there are no spasmodic pains;
there is no increase in bleeding.

When pregnancy occurs (sometimes several times during it), the so-called breakthrough bleeding. This is the result of a change in hormonal levels, but not everyone has such a reaction. The phenomenon differs from menstruation in a small amount of secreted and a shorter duration.

Malaise

In connection with a change in the level of progesterone in the body and an increase in temperature indicators in the first days of pregnancy, signs similar to the onset of a cold may appear. The malaise can manifest itself as headaches, dizziness, weakness, increased fatigue, and drowsiness. There are situations when a woman, after conception, against the background of such transformations, decreases the level of immune defense and develops a sore throat or a runny nose.

This symptom alone cannot be reliable for determining pregnancy, since a state of malaise occurs with various diseases and disorders in the body.

Increased breast tenderness

The reaction of the breast occurs almost immediately after the implantation of the egg, and the changes affect both the breast itself and the nipples in particular. Of course, there will not be a strong change in size right away, but it may swell a little already in the first week. The chest may be unusually tight or painful to the lightest touch.

The sensitivity of the nipples increases, and so much so that touching can provoke severe irritation in a woman due to the intensity of sensations. Changes in the color of the halos are noted. It is worth saying about the Montgomery tubercles - these are small rudimentary glands that women notice on the nipple halos and sometimes think that this is a rash. Their presence is normal and can be quite noticeable in ordinary life, but with the onset of pregnancy they usually become more pronounced, pronounced - this sign is one of the first, indicating the consolidation of a fertilized egg.

Feelings of fullness in the lower abdomen

At first, blood begins to actively flow to the uterus and it increases in size. Against this background, severity is formed, a feeling of fullness in the lower abdomen, which is considered one of the signs of pregnancy. Separately, it is worth noting the extremely unpleasant aspect of this phenomenon - hemorrhoids may appear. In primiparas, the complication most often occurs in the second half of pregnancy, when the increase in the uterus is already significant, but with repeated conceptions, such a "side effect" can manifest itself at the earliest possible date.

Aversion to odors

One of the first signs of conception is aversion to odors, and at an early stage, the manifestation occurs in every second woman. This happens due to changes that affect the central nervous system of the expectant mother. Usually, olfactory discomfort is combined with profuse salivation, changes in taste, and nausea.

Drowsiness, fatigue and absent-mindedness

When carrying a child, a woman's body is rebuilt in such a way that all forces go to the development of the fetus. The kid - becomes a primary task, compared with which others may lose their significance and importance.

Of great importance in this process is the high production of progesterone, which has an overwhelming effect on mental processes. Against this background, a pregnant woman becomes drowsy and forgetful, rapid fatigue and weakness appear. Do not worry too much about this, all 40 weeks this will not continue, since after two and a half months the placenta will begin to actively produce its own hormones, the level of estrogen will increase and drowsiness will go away, replaced by activity and vigor. This symptom will help to understand that the girl is pregnant.

Allocations

Vaginal discharge is a normal phenomenon for the female body, its type and intensity varies depending on the state of health, the current phase of the cycle and the general situation. But such a typical phenomenon can also become a signal that a new life has arisen in the body. Often this happens from the very first days - the discharge is transparent, not too thick and without any pronounced odor. A discharge similar to menstruation may appear - this is implantation bleeding.

Toxicosis

Every second expectant mother suffers from toxicosis in the early stages, and some consider this process to be normal, although in fact it is a dangerous process that can disrupt the normal laying of all important organs and systems of the baby. In medicine, early toxicosis means not only profuse salivation, nausea and vomiting, but also a number of other, serious symptoms: skin manifestations, convulsions, jaundice, bronchial asthma of pregnant women, etc.

The exact reasons for this phenomenon have not been established, but there are several hypotheses. No one is immune from toxicosis, but experts identify a number of factors, the owners of which are more at risk of developing such a process when carrying a baby:

frequent stress;
improper nutrition;
asthenic body type;
chronic diseases of the digestive system;
the presence of abortions in history;
liver and thyroid problems.

Frequent urination

If trips to the toilet have become more frequent (this can be especially clearly seen at night, when you have to get up several times a night to pee), and there are no unpleasant sensations (pain, stabbing, etc.), then this may indicate the onset of pregnancy ... The phenomenon is explained by hormonal changes. Due to the restructuring, more blood begins to flow to the uterus at first, and the blood vessels fill up, causing temporary changes in the functioning of the bladder and kidneys. You should not immediately drink any drugs, suspecting an illness, since very often such a manifestation speaks of the birth of a new life.

Can a thrush talk about something?

Considering thrush as a sign of pregnancy is a dubious method, but in some cases this dependence is true. It should be understood that yeast infection is provoked by fungi, not pregnancy. The dependence arises for the following reason: the blood supply to the small pelvis begins to increase from the very first days of the oocyte fixation, which is why the amount of secretions increases, aimed at protecting the body from the mother from the ingress of harmful microorganisms. The increase in the amount of the hormone estrogen begins to activate, which changes the microflora of the vagina and, in aggregate, creates favorable conditions for the growth of candida fungi. If this happens, then the discharge acquires a cheesy consistency and a specific smell, which irritates the mucous membrane and provokes itching. Thrush cannot be called a sign of pregnancy, but often it is against the background of conception that this disease begins to develop.

Folk omens

Some people trust folk omens - those patterns that have no medical justification, but were isolated from the experience of generations. You should not rely on them completely, because there are simpler and more accurate methods for diagnosing conception at home. Although the folk methods cannot be called reliable, some may coincide with reality:

a dream in which a fish or watermelon was present may be a signal of conception;
mixing urine with a drop of iodine - if it dissolves, then pregnancy has occurred;
increased sex drive;
soda should be poured into a small amount of urine - the formation of bubbles is a sign of a positive response;
you need to sit on your back and put about 8 centimeters down from the navel. If a pulsation is felt in this place, then conception has occurred;
some just wonder whether there is pregnancy or not, and plant two identical bulbs in glasses. The one whose feathers grow faster will be the answer.

Early ectopic pregnancy

Ectopic pregnancy is a dangerous condition when the fertilized egg does not reach the uterus and is fixed outside its cavity. The condition does not always have specific symptoms and can manifest itself in critical conditions. The most typical symptom of the disorder is pain, which is often localized only on one side of the abdomen (where the egg is fixed). The unpleasant sensations intensify while walking and when turning the body. In the early stages, and