Fillet knitting of valances. Crochet lace: ribbon, Irish, Romanian, Bruges and hook - patterns for beginners. How to border square sirloin napkins. border schemes

Hello, friends! I knitted the simplest napkin using the fillet knitting technique. And I decided to write an article for beginners - sirloin crochet. You will learn how to knit cells, decrease, add and how to knit a curly cell. You will find many schemes and learn how to make them yourself.

In the days of boring school lessons or student lectures, almost everyone painted their notebook sheets in a box. You paint over one cell, you don’t paint over one. Remember?

So this is the pattern for sirloin knitting.

Loin knitting what is it

Fillet knitting began with embroidery. Imagine it was an embroidery on a net, because fillet is a net, net, nets in French. And then they decided to crochet the mesh and fill the cells of the mesh with columns as they knit or leave them empty. Loin knitting is an alternation of filled and empty crocheted mesh cells.

Of course, they knit and fill in the grid cells according to the schemes to get a marvelous pattern. And the diagrams are drawn in the same way as we drew it in the lessons in notebooks in a cage or taken in magazines or on the Internet.

The grid can be a simple square grid, or it can be oblique, or even with round cells, but you will have to start learning with a regular square grid.

On the left you see how the mesh is knitted, and on the right is the diagram for this mesh. Actually, the cage consists of 2 air loops and one double crochet.

• knit a chain of air loops, up to the loop marked with a red arrow,
• then 3 loops on the rise,
• then 2 air loops of the cell
• and a double crochet in a loop marked with a red arrow.

And in order to knit a "painted over" cell, you need to knit two double crochets after the column instead of two air ones.

Someone knits in the loops of the previous row, I knit by passing the hook into the space of the cell.

Important:
Make sure that you do not have an increase in the number of loops. That is, one cell is two loops and a column, there should be 2 loops between the columns and no more.

I would like to advise beginners to always knit a pattern. You do not need to knit a large piece, knit a small piece, for example, like this one:

This method will help you avoid unpleasant mistakes. After all, having gathered to knit a small napkin, you may unexpectedly get a tablecloth on the conference table.

And it's not just the thickness of the threads and the size of the hook. All people knit with different density, it's like handwriting. Even if you decide to knit especially tightly, then after rows 5-10, your fabric will become the density that nature gave you.

Fillet knitting napkin

I was going to knit my napkin very simply and quickly, so I chose the simplest pattern, and I took the edging from this elegant rectangular sirloin napkin.

And I took the threads thicker, I wanted to make a serving napkin that can be put on a tray under the plates.

Napkins, tablecloths, pillows with fillet lace

Fillet knitting is a very ancient art. And during this time, needlewomen imposed and invented a huge number of luxurious items that adorn our homes.

Tablecloths, curtains and curtains, small napkins and even knitted rugs. There is so much grace and ingenious simplicity in lace items that they will forever settle in our homes and are carefully preserved for generations.

It is impossible to decorate your home with elegant knitting and forget about yourself. Fillet lace patterns adorn dresses, blouses, and children's clothing.

Crochet sirloin patterns for free

Start with the simplest diagrams. When your hands get used to it, you will feel that knitting in this technique is a real pleasure. After all, the product grows literally before our eyes, of course, because the basis is a mesh, and knitting a mesh faster than a fabric with complex weaves. And the drawing is literally in the palm of your hand, it is very clearly visible and you do not have to look into the diagram too often.

Here is a small selection of the simplest circuits.

Good afternoon - today I am uploading an article in which I will show in detail and tell you what beauty you can do with your own hands using sirloin crochet. Especially for BEGINNERS I will show in pictures rules and technique of tying additional cells needed for curly knitting of fillet napkins and blouses. That is, this article will not only MANY SCHEMES ... but also clear lessons with a description and photo ideas for your creativity. And it's all free.

Here are the questions I combined it into one article.

• Examples of the use of sirloin knitting in the decor of the room (napkins, tablecloths, curtains, curtains, borders, pillows).
• Examples of using fillet knitting in creation T-shirts, tunics, skirts, sweaters and shirts(I will even show with a specific example how to create a sirloin detail of a T-shirt or shirt without a pattern).
• RECTANGULAR SCHEMES sirloin knitting (where you do not need to be able to add and subtract edge cells). I will give small schemes for beginners (to practice sirloin technique) and large schemes for creating sirloin pictures.
• FIGURINE Lessons sirloin knitting for beginners(I'll show you how to add and subtract cells to get the curly contours of a napkin or tablecloth).
• A few descriptions of how to use the LARGE sirloin knit in making large tablecloth.
• Many schemes curly napkins with sirloin patterns - and for the NEW YEAR…. and diagrams of HEARTS for Valentine's Day ... and sirloin pictures for the kitchen in the form of a cup of coffee. So let's start ....))

FILLET PATTERNS crocheted for interior decoration.
(napkins, tablecloths, curtains, paintings, pillows)

The most beautiful crochet patterns are obtained on napkins made using the fillet mesh technique. It is thanks to sirloin knitting that roses, poppies and oak leaves with acorns can bloom on napkins.

On sirloin napkins you can make fabric inserts. As for example, in the bottom photo, where we see textile squares in the center of the rectangular segments of the vile knitting.

A sirloin napkin or tablecloth looks crisp against the background of bright textiles in juicy shades. As in the photo below.

In the fillet knitting technique, you can knit a border for a tablecloth ... and even an edging of a terry towel (first photo below). In the form of a fillet pattern, decorative openwork curtains can be made in the kitchen. Curtains can be made in the form of a patterned sirloin mesh. The curtain fabric is starchy and keeps its shape and pattern well.

Fillet knitting can serve as a mat for photographs or paintings. Fillet pictures can appear on your pillows ... roses, ships, birds, cats and whatever your heart desires.

You can make a set of sirloin napkins for breakfast - on a tray, napkins-coasters for hot mugs.

You can make a curtain for a window with elements of a sirloin mesh ... or a curtain for a doorway.

BUT FILLET KNITTING is not only napkins and pillows ...

Having mastered the technique of this quick knitting, you can create fashionable unique wardrobe items for yourself.

You can use the technique of sirloin knitting tie a jersey – it's simple.

You need to get a pattern. To do this, you need to take your regular jersey. Put it on a piece of wallpaper - circle it with a pencil (fold vertically in half) so that the right silhouette of the shirt coincides with the left one. If there is no mirror match, then cut off one side of the shirt pattern(left or right which looks better, leave that one). And further from this silhouette, fold a one-piece pattern - by circling it 2 times (usually mirrored) on a new piece of wallpaper... And get a one-piece shirt pattern.

Do you need more start knitting - from bottom to top... Type in as many cells of the sirloin pattern - so that the row coincides in length with the bottom of the shirt pattern. And then knit a sirloin pattern - repeating the outlines of the pattern - then adding cells in a row ... then decreasing them (when you reach the waist, or to the line of armholes).

Or you can save an old blouse with a stain. Cut off the sleeves from the shirt ... rip them open (and get a ready-made pattern for the future sleeve for sirloin knitting). And in the same way, cut-off the shirt shelves (front halves) - and you will get a shelf pattern. And then knit a sirloin cloth - then decreasing, then adding the number of cells in a row- so that the contours of your knitting fabric follow the contours of the silhouette of your shirt detail (back or front shelf).

GENERAL PRINCIPLE

for fillet knitting RECTANGULAR pattern.

(we will talk about curly patterns below).

All these beautiful sirloin things are knitted according to the same principle. Empty cell + filled cell alternate - and a mosaic pattern is obtained.

For one empty cell- knit 1 double crochet and 2 air vents.

For a filled cell- knit 3 double crochet

Each row start from 4 air lifting loops (instead of the first column of a new row).

Finish every row one double crochet in the air loops of the rise of the previous row.

HOW TO START THE FIRST ROW OF FILLET KNITTING.

THE EASIEST FILLET SCHEMES

FOR BEGINNERS.

If you have never created a sirloin pattern, then to gain courage it is better to start with small schemes... With straight square or rectangular knitting fabric. Take and knit a mini napkin. For example, tie a white house like this ... and sew it onto a black fabric ... it will become the background. And all this can be placed under the frame and hung on the wall like a small picture - or decorated with gift wrapping with it. It is very pleasant to receive a New Year's gift with such a packaging decor ...

And HERE SUCH A NAPKIN WILL LOOK BEAUTIFULLY WITH WHITE THREADS ON THE BACKGROUND OF A COFFEE CLOTH. They also tied it up - put a cloth on the back and framed it on the kitchen wall ...

You can make a whole series of such pictures for the kitchen ... I've found cross-stitch patterns ... If you remove the black fillings of mugs from the schemes ... and leave empty cells instead.
Then we will get beautiful contours of coffee dishes that can be knitted using the fillet technique. (As you understood the two-color embroidery patterns are GOOD AS FILLET KNITTING SCHEMES).

The subject of your pictures can be anything. - and you can apply them later. For example, if you just insert a knit in the center of a white cloth, you get a tablecloth with a fillet in the middle.

And also small elements of sirloin knitting can then be used in creating patchwork tablecloth to the kitchen. Or sew a loin piece of knitting to your sofa cushion.

As you can see ... even the little ones trial patterns according to small schemes can get a long life in your interior.

Therefore, train on small patterns and train your hand and patience for major feats of sirloin knitting.

And if you have chosen a round napkin shape for knitting - then you need to know how to decrease and add the number of cells along the edges of the row ( so that the canvas is rounded). I will talk about this in detail in the same article - just below.

And then, when you fill your hand and realize that the sirloin mesh is created very quickly(growing before our eyes) you will want to Knit something larger. And for this, I found such beautiful patterns for pacifying sirloin knitting. With a theme that everyone likes. What could be more soothing than a cat on the window.

True, it's great to knit such a picture ourselves and place it in a frame, placing a bright contrasting fabric of matte non-shiny color under the reverse side.

Direct scheme of a sirloin napkin with roses.

Here, especially for flower lovers, I give a DIRECT scheme of a sirloin napkin. Here you do not need to add along the edges of the cell - just take it in a straight line, alternating empty and filled cells.

And you can also TIE a straight napkin with a LACE - with any openwork crochet pattern. Here is an example of such a napkin with a lace border in the photo below.

How to EDGE
square fillet napkins.
Border schemes.

A knitted sirloin napkin around the edges looks sloppy. Therefore, it must be bordered - crocheted around the perimeter - that is, on all sides of the rectangle.

Where to get schemes for such a BANDING BORDER.

It’s very simple. Search the Internet for schemes of square napkins - and in them highlight the rows along the edge of the napkin. That is, as if you mentally erase the filling of the napkin - and leave only the edge rows of the diagram.

Below, I found square napkins - I erased the inside of them and I have only schematic diagrams of the edge parts of the napkin. These pieces can be used as ready-made patterns for tying your square sirloin flaps.

The angle of such a strapping maybe with a hole-arch made of air loops or filled with a fan of columns.

In the diagram below, there is an arch of three air vents in the first row at the corner. And in the second row, columns are knitted into this arch.

You can do it like this ... you decide how best for you to turn the corner

You can make a lush border - into a hole from the arches of air loops

You can take a more complex square corner binding pattern - from any square napkin pattern.

Here's a square napkin - ANY RANGE of it - can be a pattern for your border. Cut it out - circle it with a felt-tip pen so as not to get lost and work. Or find any other square pattern.

HOW CORRECTLY TO ROUND

fillet knitting fabric
(rules for adding and decreasing cells in a row).

Now it's time to figure out how to crochet curvy shapes from a sirloin mesh... That is, I will tell you in detail how to add cells in rows ... and how to subtract them.

After all, to create a curly(for example, oval) napkins are needed constantly then add cells in a row - along the edges so that the canvas expands into a circle ... then subtract cells so that the canvas tapers towards the top-crown of the circle.

How to add ONE EMPTY CELL - with right edge knitting.

How to add TWO EMPTY CELLS - with right edge knitting.

How to add an EMPTY CELL - with left edge knitting.

How to add ONE ANOTHER empty cell next to empty added.

How to add a FILLED cell WITH EDGE in a new row to the RIGHT.

How to add a FILLED cell WITH EDGE to a new row on the LEFT.

and if in the next row you need to add one more full edge cell, then the principle is the same.

HOW TO REDUCE a cell from the edge (when the number of cells in a row decreases)

FIGURINE CELLS (in the form of the letter M).
Sometimes in sirloin schemes there are curly cells ... they are drawn on the diagram in the form of a figurine similar to the letter M ...
They fit like this.

The diagram below, just in the central part, contains these same M-shaped elements of the sirloin pattern. That is, these are elements that break the even squares of the grid. To set another shade of the background.

And in this scheme with violins- also in the central part there is this pattern in the form of the letter M ... By the way, the diagram below, with violins - this is HALF of the pattern - on the left, the pattern is mirrored... That is, it is entirely SQUARE - and it turns out that 4 violins meet in the center of the square with their tuning pegs.

And now - when you have seen and understood the whole principle of decreasing and adding cells in a sirloin pattern (both empty and filled) - you can knit oval sirloin napkins ... and round ... and in the shape of a heart (yes even in the shape of a teapot).

And now I am laying out new FIGURATIVE patterns with sirloin nets for you.

Crochet napkin patterns.

SCHEMES of fillet napkins with an UNEven edge.

I post here schemes with roses. Since roses are the most popular theme for patterns that you want to knit on a napkin or tablecloth.

The uneven edge of the napkins is obtained by adding and subtracting cells along the edges of the knitting. Exactly as I showed in the pictures just above in this article.

The scheme of an EQUAL oval napkin.

Such an even-oval napkin can then be tied in a CIRCLE with any openwork crochet. This must be done so that its edges do not look so lonely - and the napkin has a complete look. You can even make a simple strapping - with double crochets - so that the edge has a tight border.

The scheme of the fillet set is made of an oval napkin and a round one.

Here in this sirloin pattern there is an interesting moment... If you take a look you will see that the roses are darker in the diagram. That is, the scheme consists of TWO TYPES of filling the cells with columns .... Just filled cells (three double crochets) ... and volume-filled cells(column + two crossed columns + column).

Thus, we get a VOLUME rose, which stands out in relief on the canvas of our sirloin napkin.

Crochet sirloin patterns

for Valentine's Day.

For the holiday of All Lovers, you can make sirloin patterns in the form of a heart. It can be framed against a bright fabric background. Or sew on to the pillow. Or process the edges of such a fillet heart with crochet lace to get napkin on the table... These knitted valentine napkins can be gifted to friends. This is a gift that is easy and quick to crochet with your own hands.

NEW YEAR IDEAS for sirloin knitting.

Here is such a sirloin New Year's scheme can be depicted on a pillow. Looks beautiful when knitting is made of white threads, and pillow background bright blue, or festive red.

You can knit small christmas pictures crochet... It is good to stretch such a New Year's fillet net on a wooden frame and hang it on a door or window.

And here is a long sirloin pattern - you can knit sirloin curtains from it and hang them on the window during the Christmas season.

Also for the New Year you can crochet just such a square napkin with angels. Or this pattern can decorate the pillow.

Can be a gift to knit an icon in a sirloin technique. Place a golden background behind and pull it over the plywood and insert into the frame. And to give at Christmas is a kind and bright gift for Christmas.

Now let's talk about LONG sirloin crochet patterns.

FILLET BORDER - schemes of beautiful patterns.

Long sirloin patterns can be used as an elegant openwork fringe flounce.

She can decorate curtains... it can be sewn on around the edge of the tablecloth... you can hang on the window as an independent decoration ... it can even tear off the towel.

Here are some more examples of border patterns.

HERE ARE APPROXIMATE SCHEMES for such use of fillet knitting.

Here are a couple of small patterns

But the pattern is wider.

And of course the pattern sirloin net with roses - crochet very quickly (because it is not so wide).

But the pattern of the sirloin mesh is in the form of a border with butterflies.

Here's an example corner pattern- it is suitable for tablecloths - where you need a border around the entire perimeter, including the corners. This sirloin pattern is also good in that it knits quickly due to the small number of cells in a row.

FILLET BAND inside the cloth of the tablecloth.

Or this long pattern can be used like insert into the body of the tablecloth on the festive table.

As you can see, everything is simple here - we take any long pattern - we measure the size of the table and the size of the future tablecloth. We buy fabric - we calculate WHAT SQUARE of the tablecloth we will leave in the center - and how wide the sirloin pattern we want ... And we work.

We knit a pattern and we constantly apply it to the central square of the tablecloth- so as not to get carried away and not to bandage it too much. Here it is important to think over exactly how the drawing will be TURNED AT THE CORNER = you need to come up with an angular combination of patterns that came from both sides. Can first knit without corners- just long drawings of all 4 sides of the tablecloth - and then think about what pattern to connect them together with (draw the knitting of the criminal square and tie it).

And by the way it is not necessary to use a pattern with a STRAIGHT Smooth EDGE for the inner insert into the tablecloth ...
You can also perfectly fit a curly scalloped strip inside the tablecloth. For example, like in the photo below.

Fillet net curtains.

Repeating border patterns can be used to tie CURTAINS and CURTAINS.
Any napkin pattern can be modified to match the curtain pattern.

Bird curtain patterns you can use different ...

That is, it is not necessary look for ready-made schemes for curtains - you can take an element from the napkin scheme as a basis and apply it on the curtains.

These are the ideas sirloin knitting I have collected today for you in this article.
Now it's up to you. Show what your patience and work are capable of.
Fillet knitting is very fast.

You will like the SPEED, with which finished products appear in your hands.

Enjoy your work. Let it work out.

Olga Klishevskaya, specially for the site

Our today's lesson is devoted to a fairly simple and popular technique - such a crochet sirloin pattern will be in the hands of absolutely all craftswomen: both beginners and professional. Simple, but at the same time, unusual and uncomplicated products will decorate the house and the look of their owner.

Large tablecloth for the dining table using the "fillet knitting" technique

We need:

• yarn "Iris" (100% cotton), 550 grams of beige;
• hook number 1.5.

Scheme

Diameter: 120 cm.

Description

We crochet a chain from 8 century. etc., we close it in a circle using ss ..
1 p .: 4 c. n. lift, 4 unfinished s. with 2 n., associated together with the 4th c. p. lift, in the resulting ring, 6 in. n., * 5 unfinished p. with 2 n., tied together, in a ring, 6 c. p. *, from * to * x 4, total x 6, ss ..
2 p .: 5 c. n., 1 p. with n. in the 1st c. p. elevator, 7 p. with n. in an arch from 6 century. p. of the previous p., * 2 p. with n. in the next p. from 2 n. previous p .. between s. with n. arch from 2 century. n., 7 p. with n. into the next arch from the 6th century. p. of the previous p. *, from * to * x 4, all x 6, ss ..
3 r .: 4 c. n., 4 p. from 2 n. in an arch from 2 century. p. before r .. 2 c. n., 1 p. from 2 n. in the 4th p. with n. previous p., 3 c. n., 1 p. with n. in the 2nd p. with n. previous p., 2 c. p., * 5 p. from 2 n. into the next arch from 2 century. n. of the previous p., 2 c. n., 1 p. from 2 n. in the 4th p. with n. pr. r .. 3 c. n., 1 p. from 2 n. in the 2nd p. with n. pr. r., 2 v. p. *, from * to * x 4, total x 6, ss ..
We continue further according to the scheme provided earlier along the 35th p., Each p. finished. ss ..

Large scallop (x 6)

We attach a new thread, then straight and reverse pp. according to the scheme of a large scallop from 1 to 7 pp., cut off the thread.

Small scallop (x 6)

We attach a new thread, straight and reverse pp. by cx. large scallop from 1 to 6 pp ..
Strapping
We attach a new thread, knit a picot in a circle according to cx., Finishing. ss ..

Knitting sirloin mesh: video master class for beginners

Toy angel in the technique of "sirloin knitting"

We need:

• yarn "Iris" (100% cotton), about 15 grams;
• satin ribbon;
• the form;
• synthetic winterizer;
• hook number 0.9.

Scheme

Height: 11 cm.

Description

Head

We crochet a chain from 5 in. etc., in a circle with ss ..
1 p .: 1 c. n., 7 p. without n. into the ring, ss ..
2 p .: 1 c. n., 11 p. without n. in with. without n. pr. r., ss ..
3 p .: 1 c. n., 15 p. without n. in with. without n. pr. r., total 16 s. without n., ss ..

Torso

Nab. 8 c. etc., in a circle with ss ..
1 p .: 1 c. n., 8 p. without n. into the ring, ss ..
2 p .: 3 c. n., 1 p. with n. in the 1st c. p. hoist pr. r., 2 s. with n. in sl. with. with n. pr., total 18 s. with n., ss .. We continue according to cx. on the 6th p ..

Skirt

Chain from 8 to p., In a circle ss ..
We attach a new thread and continue to work on cx. skirts, skipping in the first p. "Wings" (cx. Torso), connecting the front and back of the bodice with ss., Continue along the 9th p., Cut off the thread.

Assembly

By the 9th p. we sew a satin ribbon from the inside out, and a loop from several to the top of the head. p .. The angel should be starched and put on the form.

Decorative handbag for a baby using the "fillet knitting" technique

We need:

• yarn "Iris" (100% cotton), 30 grams;
• the form;
• hook number 0.9.

Scheme

Size: 11 x 15 cm.

Description

Bottom

We crochet a chain from 67 century. NS..
1 p.: 1 s. with n. in the 7th p., * 1 in. n., 1 p. with n. in the 2nd c. n. chains *, from * to * x 29, total x 31 cells, ending. R. with. with n ..
2 p.: 4 c. n., * 1 s. with n. in the 1st p. with n. pr. r., 1 v. p. *, from * to * x 29, total x 31, ending. with. with n ..
We knit straight and reverse pp. in the technique of "sirloin knitting" according to cx. up to 13 p. inclusive.
14 p.: Knit. in a circle with. with n., 3 c. n., 187 p. with n. in with. with n. and in. n. pr. r., finishing. R. ss ..
15 p .: all s. with n. we divide into 4 parts (63 s. s. on the front and back parts and 31 s. s. on the side).
From 16 to 36 p. knitting. in a circle according to cx. bags and side pieces, each p. ends with ss ..

Assembly

The product should be well starched, put on the mold and left in this form until completely dry.

Beret hat: video master class

Crochet napkin for beginners: technique "colored sirloin knitting"

We need:

• yarn Vita cotton "Pelican" (100% cotton), 25 grams of white;
• Vita Cotton yarn "Iris print" (100% cotton), 13 grams red melange and green melange;
• hook number 1.25.

Scheme

Size: 45 x 34 cm.

Description

With a white thread, we collect a chain of 64 c. NS..
1 p.: 1 s. with n. in the 7th c. n., * 2 v. n., 1 p. with n. in the 3rd c. p. *, from * to * x 18, 2 in. n., 1 p. from 2 n. at the base of the previous p. with n ..
In total - 21 fil. cell.

We continue to work with forward and backward pp. by cx. up to 77 p. inclusive, we do not cut the thread.
In the 10th p. we attach a thread in red tones, and at 15 - in green tones, we change the colors of the threads according to cx. picture. Cut off colored threads.

Strapping

Knitting. in a circle with. with n. white thread, we finish p. ss .. The finished product should be starch and left to dry in a horizontal position.

DIY lightweight summer cardigan for beginners

We need:

• yarn (55% cotton, 25% polyamide, 20% silk), 600-700 grams of black;
• hook number 3.

Schemes

Sizes: 36-38.

Openwork pattern: a combination of mesh and dense sections in a checkerboard pattern.

Description

We collect the required number of p .. multiples of 12 + 1 edging.
1 p .: 4 c. n., 1 p. with n. in the 6th c. n., 1 c. p., p. with n., 1 century. n., 7 p. with n., 1 century. p., p. with n. and so on, that is, we alternate 3 empty cells with filled ones). We end with 7 s. with n ..
2 p .: 3 c. n., 5 p. with n., 3 empty cells (s. with n. we knit not in s. with n. pr. r., but under v. p., i.e. the mesh is shifted), 7 s. with n. etc. We end the row with 3 empty cells + c. with n. in the last p. of the rise, ave. r.
3 r .: 3 c. n., 2 p. with n., further according to the figure. Zach. R. 4 sec. with n ..
4 p .: 3 c. n. lifting, 1 century. p., p. with n., 1 century. n., 7 p. with n., 3 empty cells, etc. Zak. R. 1 empty cell.
5 p.: 3 c. n., 7 p. with n., 3 empty cells. Zach. R. 2 empty cells + 1 s. with n. in the last n. lifting pr. r.
6 p.: 3 empty cells, 7 s. with n. etc. Zach. R. 7 sec. with n ..
We repeat these 6 p. until the desired length is reached.

A spacious tunic for the summer

We need:

• yarn (100% polyamide), about 800 grams;
• hook number 2.5.

Schemes and conventions

Size: 40-42.

Border 51 sts wide: we knit along the cx. between arrows A and B; once we perform from 1 to 5 pp., then repeat 2-5 pp ..

Openwork pattern: we knit according to cx .; start with the loops from arrow A, repeat p. rapport, finish p. to arrow B. Repeat p. - see border.

Right extreme motive: according to cx. between arrows A and C, repeat p. - see border.

Left extreme motive: according to cx. between D and B. Repeat p. - see border.

Floral motif: sirloin knitting in cx .. For 1 filled cell, do 3 s. with n., for 1 empty - 1 s. with n. and 2 c. n .. Each p. we start with the one indicated in cx. the number of p. lifting instead of the 1st s. with n., we end with 1 s. with n ..

Description

Plank

We make a chain of 51 c. n. + 3 c. n. lifting, we make a border. After 58 cm, we finish the work.

Front

We need to knit 168 points on the right side of the half of the border: 10 points of the right extreme motive, 148 points of the flower stitch, 10 points of the left motive. We look at the reductions for the neckline cutout. After 50.5 cm, we finish the work.

Back

On the right side of the remaining half of the border. We carry out 147 p. Openwork. After 50.5 cm, we complete the work.

Sleeves

Knitting. border on a chain from 51 century. n. + 3 c. n. lifting. After 52 cm we finish.

Assembly

We carry out shoulder seams. We sew in the sleeves, combining the middle of the sleeve with the shoulder seam, we sew side seams and the seams of the sleeves. Then we need to knit the neckline:
1 p.: * 1 s. with n. over 1 sec. with n. phyleyne. mesh, 2 in. etc., skip 1 cell, from * to *.
2 p.: * 1 s. without n. behind the arch from V. n., 5 p. with n. for the next arch from v. etc., from * to *.
In the same way we tie the lower edge of the tunic and sleeves.

Summer tunic dress in Givenchy style for beginners

We need:

• yarn "Micro" (100% acrylic), 400 (450/500) grams;
• cr. No. 3.5.

Schemes and conventions

SIZES: 36/38 (40/42) 44/46

Description

We alternate patterns 1 and 2. The product is knitted across, in front and back - in one part.
We are dialing 144 c. p. (= 6 rapports) + 3 c. n. lifting, 9 p. at. 1, then y.2:
1 p. (purl): p. without n ..
2 p. (front): 48 p. from 3 n., 36 s. from 2 n., 36 s. from 1 n., 24 half columns.
For the first armhole, sleeves on the left side in the 2nd p. at. 2 we recruit 48 new c. n. and on them in the sl. R. (= 3rd p., Purl) do with. without n., on the remaining s. pr. r. we make half-columns.

Now again we do 9 p. at. 1 and 2 p. at. 2, in the 3rd p. for the neckline, leave untied for 18 s. without n., knit. 9 p. at. 1 and 2 p. at. 2, in the 2nd p. for the cut, leave without tying for 30 s. without n., again 9 p. at. 1, in the 1st p. recruiting new 30s. NS..

To cut the neckline, we collect 18 new c. n., 3 p. at. 2 and 9 p. pattern 1, 3 p. pattern 2, in the 2nd p. for the second armhole of the sleeve on the left side, we leave untied for 48 s. without n., 9 p. pattern 1, 3 p. pattern 2, in the 2nd p. we recruit 48 noviz v. n., * knit. nine . pattern 1 and 3 p. pattern 2, repeat x 2 from *, 9 p. pattern 1, we end with three p. pattern 2, in the 2nd p. leave untied 48. without n ..

Assembly

Stretch the product according to the pattern and dry it under a damp towel. We close the side seam, tie the neckline and armholes of the sleeve with 1 p. with. without n ..

Stylish beach tunic. Fillet knitting for beginners.

We need:

• yarn (55% silk, 45% cotton), 500 (550) 600 grams;
• cr. No. 3.5;
• 2 leather laces, 100 cm each.

Scheme

Pattern

SIZES: 36/38 (40/42) 44/46

Main knot: s. with n .. Each p. we start from the 3rd century. p. instead of 1 s. with. n., and ending. 1 sec. with n. in the last v. n. pr. r ..

Fillet knitting: number of p. Cr. 2 + 41. We work according to the scheme .. Beginning. with p. before rapport A, rapport A constantly repeating, perform 1 time p. between rapport A and C = rapp. B. Rapp. C we repeat when finished. p. after rapp. C.

We carry out 1 time 1-15th stage, then 2-15th stage. constantly repeating ..

Lattice: do on an odd number of p. Across. 1 sec. with n., 1 century. n., finishing. 1 sec. with n ..

Description

Back

Chain from 95 (103) 111 c. n. + 3 c. n. lifting and for the bar 3 cm = 3 p. main knots .. We continue to work: we start with p. before rapp. A, no. 4 (6) 8 times rapp. A, 30 p. Rapp. B, no. 4 times rapp. C, 30 p. Rapp. B, 4 (6) 8 times C, ending. item after C.

After 14 cm from the bar, knit. on both sides the first and last 5 sts (see sirloin knitting).
Having knitted 58 (56) 54 cm from the strap, we skip for the armholes on both sides 8 p. = 79 (87) 95 p.
After 76 cm from the plank, order. work.

Front

Like a back, but with a cutout and a neckline: after 31 cm from the plank we knit the middle 5 sts. knots, on both sides of them we continue to work as usual.
In sl. 2 p. expanding basic knots on both sides by 1 p., respectively.
After 34 cm from the strap, we divide the knitting in half, for this we double the middle loop. First, we continue to knit the right half for 48 (52) 56 p., Last. 5 sts before the start of the cut knit. main knots
Decreases for the armhole on the right edge - as well as on the back = 40 (44) 48 p.
After 24 cm, skip 8 points for the neckline along the left edge and for rounding in each sl. R. 1 x 4 p., 2 x 3 p., 2 x 2 p. And 4 x 1 p.
At 22 (26) 30 p. Of the shoulder order. slave. through 76 cm from the plank.
We make the left part mirrored to the right.

Sleeves

Knit for each of the sleeves. chain from 67 (71) 75 in. n. + 3 c. n. lifting and for the bar 3 cm = 3 p. main knots ..
We continue sirloin knitting, while starting with a point before the brine. A, rapt A constantly rep., Zak. item after C.
For bevel sleeves + on both sides in each 8th p. from the plank 3 x 1 p. (in each 4th p. 5 x 1 p.) in each 3rd p. 7 x 1 p. Acc. Uz. = 73 (81) 89 p.
Through 27 cm from the plank order. knitting.

Assembly

Sew a tunic over the shoulders, sew in sleeves, make side seams and seams of sleeves. We tie the neck with 3 r. with. with n ..
We put in leather laces crosswise.

Fillet knitting technique: video master class

https://youtu.be/YdMwOSwPrz4

https://youtu.be/8nStGkUlmCc

https://youtu.be/NsBa_cLetyw

https://youtu.be/-kZh8-mz6Ys

https://youtu.be/q5WziAQOyz8

https://youtu.be/ycPMxi3xpoc

https://youtu.be/-B8iZi7crZg

https://youtu.be/7wmSjneDBy0

Hopefully. our master class will be useful to you. We wish you comfort in your home and warmth in your soul!

A selection of patterns for sirloin knitting

Lace gives things a certain lightness and airiness. And the ability to knit them will undoubtedly endow your things with even more originality and allow you to give them a more original and unique look. Today we will learn to knit beautiful lace according to patterns. Below we will consider various types of lace and give patterns for knitting them. With their help, we hope you will figure it out. We will consider stylish ribbon lace, Irish, Romanian, Bruges, coupling, sirloin and other types.

Understanding crocheting ribbon lace

According to this technique, strips of various lengths and widths are knitted using various repeating elements - it depends on your desire. Elements can be of completely different shapes. Crochet ribbon lace products can be separate elements or decorate part of a wardrobe item. The schemes are shown in the photo below.

With the help of this technique, amazing beauty is obtained, which even a beginner can do. And here is the video:

Irish version for beginners with description

Crochet Irish lace is beautiful, but just as difficult to make. Some things made using the Irish lace technique can even be called works of art. The essence of working with such lace is to assemble the canvas from elements that are connected separately (usually flowers and other "natural" elements).

Some believe that only masters of their craft are capable of knitting something with Irish lace, but this is not entirely true. If you have enough patience, then you can also create such a "piece" with your own hands. You can see the schemes in the photo below.

The video that we present below can also be an excellent helper:

Having mastered this technique, you can easily knit, which we recommend!

Techniques for creating Vologda lace based on a strip-braid

Vologda and Bruges lace are very similar. Their technique of execution is the same, based on a strip-braid. Knitting patterns for Vologda lace are similar to those of Bruges, see them just below.

Instructional video:

A Bruges addition to original everyday wear

This type of lace allows you to make the pattern on your clothes original and unique. The basis of Bruges lace is a continuous braid strip, the bends of which can be freely rotated in any direction, which allows you to make an unusual pattern. In the photo below you can see the patterns of Bruges lace.

Such a technique would be appropriate, for example, to knit an interesting jacket, see for more details.

Romanian lace lace making technique

Such lace, as the name implies, is the property of Romania, and is also common in many other places. This type of knitting is also called "lace lace" - also for good reason. The fact is that a lace is taken as the basis for this type of weaving, and incredibly beautiful things are obtained at the same time. Schemes for beginners from Romanian lace, look at the photo below.

Fillet and burgher lace technique

This kind of knitting, like fillet lace, is quite interesting. Dense patterns that form a certain pattern are interspersed with a mesh of air loops. This turns out to be quite interesting things. Crochet patterns for fillet lace and examples of work are presented in the photo below.

Burger lace is also unusual and can decorate the clothes that it is based on. The technique for its implementation is quite simple and should not cause difficulties. An example of clothes that you can get, and the schemes can be seen in the photos below.

Chapters from the book: “Lace. Hand and machine manufacturing technology "F. Schener
The previously described types of lace are made each according to their own, more or less homogeneous technology, with only a slight and not always obligatory involvement of other technological methods, as is possible with "sunny" lace and macrame lace. Starting to consider fillet lace, we first meet with a combination of two technologies, i.e. combination.

This article is about making fillet lace by hand. If you want to learn how to create lace designs for embroidery equipment, sign up for a course.

Sign up for Wilcom courses

BASIC CONCEPTS AND TYPES OF COMBINED LACE
It is known from the practice of hand-made lace that various technologies can be combined. They do this to speed up work, and more often for aesthetic reasons. We have already talked about the use of sewing elements when weaving bobbin lace or when making tatting lace. But at the same time, they do not get a new type of lace, but a version of the main technology. A real combined lace can be called only the kind where the use of two different technologies is a prerequisite for its production.

BASIC TECHNOLOGY
Fillet lace is produced by net weaving and sewing, both of which are performed separately and at different times. First, the net is weaved, and then some of its cells are filled by sewing with a needle.

The emergence of net-weaving dates back to the Neolithic period. Almost all primitive peoples were familiar with prosaic fishing nets, as well as mesh bags and similar household items. Later they tried to make them more beautiful. Fillet lace is of the same age as needle sewing and bobbin weaving, and its heyday dates back to the Renaissance.

The mesh is woven using a special needle and rod. In the process of weaving, rows of quadrangular cells appear. When the threads are pulled together, weaving knots are formed. You can often hear how methods of filling in cells using fillet lace technology are called embroidery. This is totally wrong. The net is not a primer for embroidery, but its filling is sewing with a needle. Suppose you can embroider on thin soil, but in this case the cells should be much smaller. The mesh of the sirloin mesh is much larger than the net mesh, the needle does not puncture here, but according to the weaving technology, it is drawn around the brid of the warp. This base - the mesh - is an integral part of the lace ornament, and not only the support of this ornament.

With the technology of both sewing and embroidery, one continuous thread is processed using a needle - this circumstance does not allow drawing a clear boundary between both technological methods. They are indeed closely related, and embroidery, as you know, served as the basis for the emergence of needle sewing as a method of producing lace. In addition, the stitches used for processing sirloin mesh are very diverse and their names may partially coincide with the name of embroidery stitches, but their technology, as already mentioned, differs from embroidery.

WORKING TOOLS AND RAW MATERIALS
To obtain a mesh, or filing, use a special weaving shuttle, hoop and rod. The wicker hook is a metal rod, both ends of which are in the shape of a loop.
Fig 2.187

The end of the thread is passed into the hole of the shuttle, tied in a knot and wrapped around the loop. This tool, which combines a needle and a bobbin, is convenient to thread through the mesh.

To secure the product being manufactured, use a hoop with screws that attach the hoop to the edge of the table. An auxiliary thread is introduced into this holder in the form of a knotted loop, which serves as a support for the first row of mesh cells.

A flat or rounded rod (in Fig. 2.187 it has the shape of a pencil) is used to generate mesh cells of the same size. These cells are sometimes called loops, although they are not. To obtain a very fine mesh primer, take a knitting needle. With a coarser mesh, a flat rod is more convenient: with its help, the rows of nodes along the upper edge are smoother and less slipping, due to which the cells come out more uniform.

To start filling, the set must be pulled over the hoop. The best fit for this purpose is a light metal hoop adjustable in width. They can be easily adjusted according to the size of the mesh. To narrow or deviating from a rectangular shape, the mesh is sewn to tighten them with a piece of fabric. Fillet napkins, etc. round-shaped products also require round hoops, and an additional thread is passed between the hoop frame and the edge cells. The mesh is filled with a blunt embroidery needle.

The mesh is obtained from not too much twisted sewing thread, most often linen, less often cotton, from natural or artificial silk. The thread should not be rigid and flexible. The same thread is mostly (but not always) used to fill the soil. In any case, the thread for filling should not be thinner than the ground thread. For special effects, threads are taken from different types of raw materials, different colors and thicknesses. Sometimes they also use matte-shiny, fleecy-smooth, etc. contrasts. It goes without saying that the thickness of the yarn for the production of the mesh must correspond to the size of the cells.

MAKING THE NET
This work can be done in several manual ways and one machine. Accordingly, a distinction is made between square fillets, "lane" fillets, satin, round, patterned and machine-made fillets.

Let us first describe the general points inherent in all options for hand knitting nets. Mesh cells arise due to the fact that the thread fed from above is drawn around the rod, passed through the adjacent upper, previously formed, loop and tied with a knot. A knot is obtained by tracing the same thread around itself. Rectangular, usually even square cells arise from two loops located above each other and threaded into each other. Thus, one row of cells requires two rows of loops.

Since the mesh is always knitted from left to right, the product produced after the completion of each row has to be turned, while removing the core. To start the next row, it is applied to the bottom of the previous one in order to again circle the thread around it.

The position of the hands is shown in Figure 2.187. The rod is held with the thumb and forefinger of the left hand, while the rest of the fingers pull the thread with the force required to create the necessary tension. The shuttle is guided with the right hand, thus also imparting tension to the threads.

Each individual buttonhole is obtained using four techniques. Schematically, without showing the position of the fingers, they are shown in Figure 2.188. Rice. 2.188a shows how the thread coming out of the last formed loop first freely descends behind the rod, and from there in front of the rod upwards, from this position to the left and to the right, forming a loop, then down again behind the rod. The thread drawn around the rod lies around the middle and ring fingers of the left hand and is pulled out by them. The hinge on top is pressed against the bar with your thumb.

The second method (Figure 2.188 b) is that the shuttle is passed from below through a loop stretched with two fingers behind the rod, and then it is passed through the cell of the previous row located above. In this case, a new loop appears under the rod, which is grasped and pulled with the little finger.

At the third reception (Figure 2.188 c), the shuttle is pulled down under the rod, which is why the upper, previously formed cell rests on the rod. In doing so, the thumb releases the loop held by it, and it lies around the tightened end of the loop. The position of the fingers in this technique can be seen in Fig. 2.187.

Now the thread is tightening (Fig. 2.188 g). To do this, the thread is pulled with the right hand, and the left hand alternately releases the loops: first held by the middle finger, and then with the little finger.

As mentioned in the previous section, the first row of the mesh is produced with a start or auxiliary thread. Depending on the configuration of the mesh, it is necessary to increase and decrease the produced loops. During the work, as the entire thread wound on the shuttle is consumed, a new thread has to be introduced. It is tied with a weaving knot to the last worked out knot of the mesh.

We now turn to the description of the different types of mesh.

Square fillet:
The individual cells of this grid are square. Due to the fact that in the process of production the mesh is angled downwards, it stretches somewhat. Figure 2,189 shows that two loops are first attached to the auxiliary loop using three knots. In each subsequent row, two loops are added, for which, after each turn, two knots are produced in the last loop. The last loop to be added is shorter than the previous ones. (Figure 2.189 c)

Having reached the desired width of the loops, all subsequent rows are worked out with a deduction. To do this, the last two loops of each row, two loops, for which, after each turn, two knots are produced in the last loop. The last added loop is shorter than the previous ones (Figure 2.189 c)

Having reached the desired width of the loops, all subsequent rows are worked out with a deduction. To do this, the last two loops of each row are connected with only one knot. The last two loops of the mesh are connected with a knot without the help of a rod (position A in Figure 2.190). At the auxiliary loop at the beginning of weaving, the upper knot is untied, the thread is pulled together and fixed. As you can see from the figure, irregular outline loops accumulate around the edges of the finished square mesh. They can be cut off later and the edge can be sewn with a buttonhole stitch.

Rice. 2.190-2.191

But if you want to use these edge loops as decoration, for example, on decorative napkins, then the square mesh will consist of two parts. The auxiliary thread in the form of a wide arc serves to earn the first row, which corresponds to the middle of the net. This row consists of the maximum number of loops. In all subsequent rows, the last loop is not fixed, which is why the loops are reduced, as can be seen in Figure 2.191. Having reached the corner, the auxiliary thread is removed and the knots of the first row are tightened. The resulting triangle is turned, its last loop is fixed in the hoop and the same triangle is tied to the last looped row. Together, the two triangles form a square grid.

Fillet "lane":
A modification of a square fillet is a grid, in which, as a result of the alternation of large and small cells, a structure is obtained where rectangular loops appear between square cells of different sizes. the latter form tracks. Twice looping the thread around the rod, you get twice the size of the loops. After removing the core, the additional amount of thread allows you to get an oversized loop.

The next time the rod is laid out, where small loops will be formed, tie knots at some distance from the rod, or rather above it. The alternation of large and small loops allows you to get meshes of different structures.

Satin fillet:
The satin fillet also has square loops, but it is produced using a different technology from the conventional square fillet. On a particularly large bow of the auxiliary loop, throw as many sketches as the loops fit along the width of the mesh (Fig. 2.192). there are no deductions or increments in subsequent rows. After finishing the development of the mesh, the auxiliary loop is removed, and the initial nodes are tightened.

Rice. 2.192

To avoid the usual increase in the length of the thread in the loops of the first row in these cases, a thinner rod is used to obtain it. If the given width of the finished mesh exceeds the width equal to the maximum possible number of initial loops, then a special way of earning is used. Only one yarn is made through the auxiliary loop, and after each turning of the net, only one loop is formed. Having received the earnings of the required width, the auxiliary loop is dismissed and an auxiliary thread is passed through the longitudinal row of earnings. This thread takes on the role of the auxiliary loop. On the work located in the transverse direction, the next loop is produced. There is no accumulation of loops along the edges of the satin fillet.

The round fillet shown in rice 2,193 differs from other types of fillets in the technology of production, and often in its purpose. Since it is produced in a circle, the rod, after receiving several loops, even before the end of the row, is removed and the thread is drawn around it again, otherwise the previously obtained loops would come out too elongated. Only the last loop of each row is left on the rod. The initial row is very dense, each subsequent row is looser. Therefore, the grid takes on a characteristic star-shaped shape.

Rice. 2.193

The first (central) circle, more or less contracted and fixed by nodes, forms a core of a larger or smaller diameter. When making the starting circle, it is important to leave a free hanging end of the thread with a length equal to the radius of the mesh being made. This end serves as a connecting thread when passing from one circle to another.

The patterned fillet in the special literature is called the fillet pattern. Unlike square fillets, satin and round fillets do not have to be filled with embroidery, since the decorative effect can be obtained here by means of special production methods. The most famous are four such methods:

1) with the help of a thicker than usual rod, elongated loops are produced in separate rows, which are twisted several times with a knitting needle (Fig. 2.194). Thickened vertical braces are obtained, which, as usual, are fixed in knots when the next row is developed;

Rice. 2.194

2) in separate loops they knit, like a fringe, several loops-bundles, which in the next row are fixed with a knot (Figure 2.195)
Rice. 2.195

3) two loops are pulled together in one with two knots, which is why narrow pendants are obtained. In the next row, they are fixed as usual. This method and the resulting mesh structure are shown in Fig. 2.196.

Rice. 2.196

4) the loops are crossed, as shown in fig. 2.197. In such a grid (called "fillet rosette"), one row is produced using a thinner, and the other - a thicker rod. In a wider row, the first loop is passed through the second, and the second through the first. Then, first the first and then the second loop are fixed with a knot. By constantly alternating two rows, a mesh is obtained that is completely different from other types of sirloin mesh.

Rice. 2.197

Such nets are due to their lack of decorativeness at the very last rung of lace. But the patterned fillet can be very decorative. The different density of its rays, the originality of the effect in the center (which can be further enhanced by leaving the center free and then filling it by means of sewing, reverse braiding with a knot in the middle or a spider web using darning stitches) complement the resulting mesh, which deserves the name of a lace product.

MACHINE FILLET
They began to develop sirloin mesh on machines no later than the late 19th - early 20th centuries. New machines then produced fillet nets and so-called guipure nets, which were also intended for the production of lace. Machines have caused the greatest relief and cost reduction in lace production. According to the working width of the machines, laces were obtained with a width of several meters, for example 4.1m.

By design and function, the machine vaguely resembles a multi-shuttle one; it operates on a two-line system, i.e. the knot on it is obtained by connecting two threads, and not one., as with manual weaving. The high productivity of the machine in the production of mesh is due to the large number of working bodies. On a car 3m wide, their number is 500, and the distance between them is only 6mm. The upper yarns are fed from a creel located above the machine. These threads pass through a yarn guide roller and then run vertically, like the warp on a weaving machine. The bobbin threads come from thin bobbins that sit in the shuttles. The last (and lower threads) are the same as the upper threads.

The horizontal row of shuttles is located on a common support, which, while the machine is equipped with an electric drive, reciprocates back and forth. The movement of the shuttles, as well as a number of levers, is regulated by the tension of the threads in the process of their connection.

Working bodies equipped with hook needles grab the threads and cross them. After crossing the upper and lower threads, the upper threads are captured by the upper ridge, which, when going back, expands the loops that have arisen and pulls them through the shuttles, and then releases them, causing the upper threads to fall under the lower ones (Fig. 2.198). With the subsequent pulling up of the threads, knots appear at the crossing point. The latter are formed on the lower edge of the horizontal profile bar.

Rice. 2.198

Knotting occurs alternately on the left, then on the right, captured by the upper ridge and stretched upper thread, due to which a lateral connection occurs. The pin comb, located above the profile bar, shifts the upper threads to the right and to the left before each knotting. Thanks to these shifts of the upper threads occurring between the comb pins, only half of the knots are tied on the left and right edge threads in the machine.

The machine can be installed at different distances between the nodal rows, but during the production of the mesh, this distance must remain constant. The row spacing determines the size of the cells. On the machine, where the generated mesh is pulled by the rollers from the profile bar onto the product roll, the cells acquire their usual square shape.

In fig. 2.199 shows knotting on a netting machine. In contrast to manual work, where the grid is turned over after receiving the next row of nodes, which is why each row consisting of either front or back cells has a different look, the raspberry-work grid is distinguished by the presence of front and back sides, while the internal structure of each side is the same. On this basis, the machine mesh can be easily distinguished from the handmade mesh. If we compare the knot in Figure 2,199 with the knot shown in Figure 2-1. 2.137, we will make sure that the machine forms fishing knots.

Rice. 2.199

A more detailed description of the netting machine does not seem necessary, since not the lace itself is produced on it, but only the basis for it. The mesh worked out on the machine is washed, freeing from contamination, widened and finished. Usually it is cut into pieces corresponding to the size of the piece lace.

FILLING
To fill the mesh, it is pulled over a hoop, the sides of which can be rearranged in length and width using pins and drilled holes. The corners of the hoop should be straight, which is ensured with the help of special clamps. If the net is very large, then it is either pulled on the hoop one by one section by section, or even without the hoop, attaching the filled section to dark cardboard. The latter method is useful for filling very small napkins or narrow trimming lace with a strip.

Mesh filling is often referred to as embroidery and darning. The first name is generally incorrect, the second is inaccurate. The filling elements look really similar to embroidery stitches, but the technology for obtaining them by hand does not at all correspond to the embroidery technology. When filling fillet lace, the thread is weaved with a needle between the mesh cells, and this work is much closer to sewing than to embroidery. The mesh cells serve as brides; they are not auxiliary here, as when sewing with a needle, elements, but an integral part of the ornament. And with other lace technologies, they often create a bridal mesh with square cells, for example, with one of the crochet options.

The main stitch of the sewn lace is loopback. On sirloin lace, it appears only sporadically, since this lace already has a solid mesh-like base. Due to the fact that all sewing technology arose from embroidery, the names of the stitches were borrowed from there. Darning stitch is widely used in fillet lace production, but as a purely decorative element.

When filling the mesh soil, the thread is introduced into the mesh structure in a variety of ways: it can be woven, knotted, it can form stitches and seams. Fillings could be subdivided into loose and dense, limited by the size of the cell and going beyond its limits.

The difference is more significant between filling by weaving and by embroidering. When filling, knots are used only as an auxiliary element - to generate a new working thread at the beginning of filling and at its end (if there is no direct transition to the next filled area).

Below we will describe the most common methods and pictures when filling out.

The patterns are filled with a long and blunt needle corresponding to its thickness, the type of thread and the size of the mesh cells. Some patterns look better if they are made with a coarse thread, others, on the contrary, so in the process of work it is quite possible to replace the thread. For greater effect, a lace is sometimes produced. With all types of filling, the patterned thread is started alternately over, then under the transverse threads of the ground mesh. The transition from one form of drawing to another should be as imperceptible as possible. Thickening should be avoided. In all the figures, only the contour of the sirloin mesh is deliberately indicated: this makes the pattern of laying the patterned mesh more visible.

Plain seam pattern:
This is the most common pattern for filling a sirloin mesh. In its square cells, the same number of stitches are laid horizontally and vertically, as in a plain weave, and it must be even. It does not matter whether you start the threading with horizontal stitches or vice versa, you should only pay attention to the fact that the thread should not pass too often along the edge of the already filled sections.

In fig. 2,200 a shows the beginning of the production of a thread in a longitudinal row of cells with vertical stitches. In fig. 2,200 b shows the filling of several squares, in Fig. 2,200 V - a large area of ​​several square cells. The density of the pattern with a plain seam can be different. For example, in Fig. 2,200 at the seam are rather loose.

Rice. 2,200

In various options, you can also braid the brid. This is clearly seen from the figure and detailed explanation is not required here. In fig. 2,200 bd, the corners of the square appear to be rounded. To achieve this, after filling, the thread is drawn around the nodes of the square again.

Darning stitch pattern:
Dense squares are produced with a darning stitch. It is just as common for filling as a plain seam. As seen from Fig. 2.201, the thread is woven only in that direction, but very tightly so that the stitches cannot move. When filling, the knot with which the embroidery thread is attached to the cell at the beginning of work is also overlapped. The rest of the process is clearly visible from the figure.

Rice. 2.201 202.203

In most cases, the processing of the patterned thread into the fillet soil is carried out in only one direction, but to obtain a symmetrical pattern, this direction is periodically changed, as, for example, in Fig. 2.201 a.

Braided flooring seam pattern:
In this figure, the filling is not as dense as in the previous case, but very stable filling. From fig. 2.202 it can be seen that the thread stretched in one direction is braided when returning. The figure looks like a column. Individual columns look bad: the greater effect is achieved when the number of columns is at least four. Also, for the best visual impact, the braid should always be performed in the same direction.

Pique seam pattern:
With this method (Fig. 2.203), the filling is particularly stable and dense. Passing the needle through a certain number of cells, then forward and backward, a dense layer of thread is pulled over these cells. Then the thread is woven with a darning seam in the opposite direction to the original direction, from which thin scars are formed above the braids, which stand out in relief in the center of the square. Such a pattern should not be too frequent or large, otherwise the lace will come out heavy and tough. You should also not change the direction of the scars.

Tapestry stitching pattern:
The so-called tapestry stitch gives an effect close to that of a darning stitch, but the filling in the first case is denser and stronger. As can be seen from Figure 2.204, first, the yarn is braided, as in the "braided flooring" seam pattern. Braided braids intersect the square cells in the center. Then the braids are intertwined, with a darning stitch in the cross direction.

Rice. 2.204

Air loop pattern:
A very light, graceful filling gives the air loop seam shown in fig. 2.205. it is formed like a buttonhole stitch when sewing, but since when it is received, the thread is traced around only one strand, the pattern with such a stitch is easy. Separate cells, narrow borders are filled with an air stitch seam, and sometimes they are placed in the form of a circle in the center.

Rice. 2.205

Other types of seams:
Unlike the seams listed earlier, which fill in the squares of the cells (which emphasizes the square structure of the mesh), with the help of seams of various types, this structure can be optically modified. In the handicraft literature, they are often referred to as decorative stitches. The drawing obtained with their help has a repetitive character, i.e. forms a report.

In essence, airy looped seams also belong to decorative seams, although the effect of a square mesh structure is more or less manifested with it. For decorative seams, often (but not always) a thread is used that is outwardly different from the ground thread. The choice of patterned thread is entirely determined by the intended effect.

The so-called chain stitch is often used. To obtain it, the thread is drawn around the corners of the square cells (Figure 2.206), i.e. around the knots. In another version of this suture, not every knot of the cell is traced with a thread, but through one, passing along the entire side of the cell.

Rice. 2.206

By choosing the direction of the thread, you can get a separate symmetrical pattern, for example, a lattice (Fig. 2.207). Weaving the thread along the diagonal of the cells, first in one and then in the opposite direction with a loop around the knots, form a "figure eight" seam. If we change the direction of laying (not vertically, but horizontally), we get a pattern in the form of honeycombs. Obliquely through two vertical cells with a loop around the knot down and up, and then in the opposite direction, a thread is passed with a zig-zag seam (Fig. 2.208).

Rice. 2.207. 2.208

The previously mentioned chain and figure eight seams with diagonal threading have many variations. Two of them are shown in Fig. 2.209 and 2.210. The illustrations show the order in which these seams are made.

Rice. 2.209. 2,210

Spider and Rib:
A very common element that enriches the pattern on the sirloin is the "spider". It is obtained either by braiding the crossed breeches with a thread using the darning method, or by wrapping them in a so-called hem. In fig. 2.211 a, shows the continuous formation of two rows of the "spider" pattern with a darning stitch, in Fig. 2.211 b, obtaining a spider is spiral. All types of spider pattern are developed from the center to the periphery.

Rice. 2,211

Another type of "spider" at the place where diagonal bridles twisted with a thread are crossed is shown in Fig. 2.212 a. The beginning of work is shown on the left, and it can be seen that the thread alternately passes either necessary or under the transversely located brides. If you want to work out a "spider with a scar" pattern (Fig. 2.212 b), then a stitch is made back through each strand, a needle is passed under the intersection of the threads and brought up and forward under the second strand. At the same time, each bridal is entwined and a ribbed "spider" appears.

Rice. 2.212 2.213

in fig. 2.213 shows more options for obtaining the "spider" pattern.

Also, using the scar method, rhombuses were obtained in Fig. 2.214 (a-obverse, b-purl). These and similar effects are performed, in essence, using needle sewing technology.

Other options for drawings:
With a rib and a darning stitch in the upholstery and braiding of the fillet mesh brid and additional diagonal brides, patterns and figures of various shapes are obtained. Sometimes these are leaves, horseshoes, spirals, triangles, as in Fig. 2.213 c and 2.214 b. The order of their development can be seen from the figures. In a similar way, you can get the "eight" loops. A large selection of shapes allows you to get a variety of graceful patterns on the fillet soil.

Rice. 2,214

Drawing based on additionally stretched threads:
If you want to get a drawing of a complex shape over a relatively large area, support in the form of a fillet mesh cell may not be enough. Then, at the beginning of the pattern, a patterned thread is tied to the corner of the cell and stretched in the desired direction through any number of cells. In order for the thread to be well stretched along its entire length and at the same time not to deform the mesh, it is necessary to tie and pull it several times, which also distinguishes this method from embroidery technology. Examples of patterns obtained on the basis of an additionally stretched thread are given in Fig. 2.211 b (spiral), 2.215 and 2.216.

Rice. 2.215. 2,216

A stable spiral appears when winding or braiding in the opposite direction a triple, additionally stretched thread. The asterisk in Fig. 2.216 a, consists of a single, in Fig. 2.216 b - from a triple, additionally stretched thread, and in the center the threads are braided several times. By means of braiding an additionally stretched thread, the stem of the twig in Fig. 2.215 was obtained.

Loop stitching:
The use of a buttonhole stitch when filling the fillet mesh makes this method technologically similar to sewing with a needle. The edge of the products is also processed with a buttonhole seam. It has a purely decorative purpose in the development of patterns with a loose structure, similar to that shown in Fig. 2.212v. Such a pattern with buttonhole stitches turns out to be convex and has the character of an appliqué.

The socket obtained by this method is shown in a slightly enlarged form in Fig. 2.217b, work begins with a few buttonhole stitches over the mesh of the mesh. You can, of course, take an additionally stretched thread as a basis. Subsequent stitches no longer pass through the mesh structure, but through the previously inserted stitches, which makes the pattern bulge. Only the first and last stitch in each row, when the petal is produced, again captures the mesh of the net.

Rice. 2.17

Since with a round shape, the subsequent rows consist of a larger number of stitches, it is necessary to work two stitches of the next row into some stitches of the previous row. sometimes the figure is filled with a tight seam, and a looped one is laid on top of it. Arches along the edge sometimes with intertwined loops, for which the thread is twisted several times around the needle (see Fig. 2.214c), is also obtained using a buttonhole stitch.

Thick thread running:
An interesting effect can be obtained by threading a thick thread or even a cord into the edge of the pattern. In fig. 2.218 shows how a similar cord is used for edging a pattern made with a loose linen seam. The cord can also be worked in as an independent element, especially if it is additionally braided.

Rice. 2,218

SAMPLES OF FIGURES.
Both in industrial and in individual production, patterns of drawings are widely used, which often look like so-called cartridges. The cartridge is a sheet of paper in a box, on which the filling elements and lines for laying the cord are symbolically indicated. The drawing is given in a reduced or full size. An experienced craftswoman is able to make such cartridges herself. Classic patterns for fillet lace are left to us by artists of the past. In industry, drawings are created by specialists with appropriate training. There are several ways to handle the edge of a sirloin product. The most common one is shown in fig. 2.218 is the buttonhole hem. Much depends on whether the edge should be flat or whether they want to trim it with teeth and scallops.

For example, the cloves look good on small round napkins.

Fine examples of sirloin tablecloths and paths are given in fig. 2.219-2.221.

Rice. 2,219

The finished product is usually finished with starch and dried in a stretched form, and sometimes ironed.