What is the minimum length of service required to receive a pension. Minimum work experience for retirement

18.09.2019

Insurance experience as a substitute for seniority

Before moving on to the question of the difference between insurance and work experience, 2 important points should be clarified:

The term “seniority” practically ceased to be used in 2002. Now, for the appointment of a pension from the PFR, an insurance experience is applied, that is, the entire period of work during which insurance premiums were paid to the PFR, and other periods specified in the law (clause 2 of Article 1 of the Law "On Insurance Pensions" of 28.12 .2013 No. 400-FZ). However, seniority is rarely used and only in accordance with special rules for the purpose of assigning a state pension (for example, subparagraph 2 of paragraph 1 of article 10 of the Law "On State Pension Provision" of 12/15/2001 No. 166-FZ).
Since 2015, instead of a labor pension, the PFR has paid insurance and funded pensions to citizens, that is, the concept of “labor pension” is now irrelevant.

Thus, at present, citizens are assigned an insurance pension, calculated on the basis of the periods for making insurance premiums and other periods not related to work, but included in the insurance experience. The latter is listed in Art. 12 of Law No. 400-FZ.

On top of the insurance, citizens are charged a funded pension. Pension savings funds are formed precisely from the received insurance contributions, the result of their investment and other additional contributions, including independent ones (subparagraph 3 of paragraph 1 of article 3 of the law "On funded pension" dated December 28, 2013 No. 424-FZ) ...

IMPORTANT! If everything is more or less clear with the pension, then the question arises in relation to the length of service: what about the length of service earned before 2002?

According to Art. 30 of the Law "On Labor Pensions in the Russian Federation" of December 17, 2001 No. 173-FZ, the length of service acquired before 2002 was converted (assessment of labor rights), as a result of which the equivalent of the paid insurance premiums was established. Thus, the old system of calculating the length of service was linked to the new one.

Difference between work and insurance experience

Now let's return to the question, what is the difference between insurance and labor (until 2002) experience:

The criterion for summing up days / months / years with seniority was actual work, in insurance - the periods of contributions to the PFR.
The seniority included studies at a university, this period is not considered an insurance period.
Work experience could include grace periods, for example, work in the Far North was counted as a year and a half. Now there is no such thing, but there is a reduced period of insurance experience in difficult conditions, determined by law, which gives the right to early retirement.

IMPORTANT! In 2015, there were further changes in the procedure for recording labor activity. The length of service is now calculated not in calendar dates, but in points, and in total they make up the individual pension coefficient.

What experience is needed for a pension for men

In the previous sections, we established that the classical pension of citizens is an insurance pension calculated according to the periods of making insurance contributions to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation and individual periods of life situations (for example, military service), which in total are considered insurance experience.

The length of service is then converted into an IPC, and the amount of the pension is set based on the amount of points. We will talk about this in detail in another article.

Now let's dwell on how much seniority is needed for men to retire in 2018:

To receive an old-age pension on a general basis, the insurance experience must be at least 9 years as of 2018 (the duration of the required length of service increases annually).
For early retirement, the conditions specified in Art. 30 of Law No. 400-FZ. For example, if a man has worked underground for 10 calendar years, and his total insurance experience is 20 years, he may retire as early as 50 years (now the retirement age for men is 60 years, by 2023 it will reach 65 years).

If we talk about the state pension accrued to certain categories of citizens, then:

To receive a seniority pension by persons in positions of civil state or municipal service, the minimum insurance experience for 2018 is 16 years (see annex to Law No. 166-FZ).
To receive a seniority pension, civilian pilots, cosmonauts and test cosmonauts must work under the appropriate conditions for 25 years.
To obtain the right to a seniority pension for military personnel, the legislator has established a minimum service life of 20 years.

The pension system has been constantly changing over the past few years. In 2018, the law "On Amendments ..." dated 03.10.2018 No. 350-FZ was adopted, which enshrines a gradual increase in the retirement age. By 2023, the retirement age for men will reach 65 (60 for women).

Upon reaching a certain age, citizens of the Russian Federation have the right to receive payments from the state in the form of a pension. In recent years, the pension system in our country has been repeatedly reformed. Now the amount of the benefit is determined by many factors, but the availability of seniority for retirement remains one of the most important conditions.

Until 2002, the size of the pension in Russia was determined by a single indicator: the number of years reflected in the work book. The length of service included periods of military service, education and maternity leave. The requirement for calculating the labor pension was compliance with the retirement age and the presence of a confirmed record of service of 20 or 25 years for women and men, respectively. Each additional year worked meant an increase in pension in the amount of 1% of the salary.

After the entry into force of the Federal Law of December 28, 2013 N-400-FZ “On Insurance Pensions”, a new concept of “insurance experience” was introduced. Since 2002, only those periods in which insurance contributions to the pension fund were made are taken into account. The employer lists them, and the amount of deductions depends on how much the employee's salary is. Therefore, the fact of employment in accordance with the Labor Code and the presence of a “white” salary are becoming fundamentally important.

For 13 years, the minimum length of service for calculating a pension was equal to only 5 years of continuous work with insurance contributions. Given a high salary, even for such a short period of time, citizens could apply for a pension above the average, which is not entirely true for people who have worked for decades with a lower salary. In addition, soft requirements for the duration of insurance premiums are not effective enough in motivating citizens to seek official work and not agree to a salary “in an envelope”.

2015 reform

Taking into account the observed consequences of the previous reform and the developing economic crisis, in 2015, significant changes were made to the pension system:

The government has decided to gradually raise the minimum length of service for calculating old-age pensions from 5 to 15 years by 2025. So in 2019, the required minimum is 9 years.
The pension accumulation system is converted into points, the number of which is influenced by both the length of service and the amount of income. On the one hand, this minimizes the risks of inflation. In the course of labor activity, the money itself is not actually accumulated, but a coefficient is formed, on the basis of which the size of the pension benefit will be ultimately calculated. On the other hand, it turns out that a specific amount is no longer assigned to each citizen, and everything depends on the real state of affairs in the country's economy at the time of retirement.
The minimum seniority for seniority retirement is increasing in some industries.
Changes have been made in terms of the types and terms of other activities taken into account when calculating the insurance experience.
The concept has been canceled, the total length of service of the employee is taken into account.

Since 2015, not only the number of years devoted to work becomes mandatory, but also how many insurance contributions to the pension fund have been transferred. That is, a situation is possible when there is enough experience, but the rate of points is not scored. For 2019, 12.4 points are enough, and by 2025 you will need to have at least 30 points. This means that in the near future, work for a low “white” salary will not guarantee the right to an insurance payment even if you have a minimum length of service to receive a pension.

What periods are included in seniority

If the employer or the citizen himself transfers insurance contributions to the pension fund, seniority in most cases is calculated as follows: 1 day of employment is equal to 1 day of seniority. But there are times when the employee does not fulfill his job duties. Insurance premiums are not transferred, however, this time is included in the length of service in accordance with Article 12 of Federal Law N400-FZ:

The period of service in the army.
Leave to care for a child up to 1.5 years (taken into account no more than 6 years in total).
A period of temporary disability as a result of injury or illness.
The time spent in custody in the event of unfair criminal prosecution.
The period of job search, subject to and following the rules of interaction with it.
The period of caring for a disabled person or a citizen over 80 years old.

An important condition for recording the time spent as a result of these circumstances is the availability of formal work before and after these periods.

With the introduction of the point system, socially significant activities are not only included in the length of service, but also implies the accrual of points for each year in the amount of:

Army -1.8 points
Decree - from 1.8 points depending on the number of children
Disabled care - 1.8 points

Years of education, with the exception of advanced training and paid work practice, are no longer included in the total length of service under the new legislation. It is assumed that in the future, the level of qualification obtained will provide a higher salary, which will allow receiving more points.

Preferential calculation of experience

In some cases, it is possible. We are talking about payment "for the term of service." Such a payment is charged if a citizen worked in special harmful, difficult conditions or was engaged in a certain socially useful type of activity:

Residents of the Far North and territories equated to them for 7-10 years have reduced the age of possible retirement. There are requirements for the total length of service, the number of years lived in these regions and the length of service in a particular industry.
Medical personnel and teachers are entitled to a pension after they have worked 25-30 years in the profession.
For pilots and military personnel, 20-25 years of service is enough to obtain a pension.
In a number of industries that involve harmful effects on human health, the minimum retirement age is 5 years lower than the generally accepted one.
Civil servants used to receive the right to a seniority pension after 15 years of service. According to law N143-FZ, adopted in May 2016, the required period of civil service will gradually rise to 20 years by 2026.

Pension for the unemployed

In order to qualify for an insurance pension, it is important to meet the statutory requirements: to have the required number of points and the minimum length of service for assigning an old-age pension. But if one of the two points is not met, this does not mean that an elderly citizen is not eligible for benefits.

In case of insufficient length of service or lack thereof, the state pays an old-age social pension. It is established on the basis of the Federal Law of December 15, 2001 N166-FZ “On State Pension Provision in the Russian Federation”. Since the amount ultimately turns out to be insignificant, at the expense of the regional budget, the size of the social pension is brought to the subsistence level adopted in this region. It is possible to start receiving a social pension only for non-working citizens upon reaching the age of 60 for women and 65 for men, which is 5 years later than the general requirement for the retirement age.

In recent years, the minimum retirement experience has been increased, mandatory requirements have been set for the amount of insurance contributions through a point system, and there is a tendency to reduce the possibility of early retirement “for length of service”. The government does not hide that the reforms are aimed at reducing government spending on pension payments. This measure is explained by the imbalance that has arisen between the number of the able-bodied population and the number of people of retirement and pre-retirement age.

The payment of benefits, including pension benefits, is one of the largest expenditures in the federal budget every year. The state expects that the measures taken can influence the replenishment of the pension fund through insurance contributions, and thereby partially solve the problem of the shortage of funds for the payment of labor pensions to current and future pensioners.

The well-known truth is that a good old-age pension requires a good salary, received as long as possible in youth and maturity. But in the end, how many years do you need to work in order to get a guaranteed pension? In other words, what should be the length of service for calculating a pension?

The necessary conditions

Since 2015, working Russians have had a new pension system consisting of two separate components: an insurance pension and pension savings. The second of them does not work yet, so it remains to earn the first - insurance pensions. In order to qualify for them, you must:

Men must be 60 years old, women 55 years old. There are also exceptions to this rule when old-age insurance pensions are assigned ahead of schedule.
Have the necessary experience for calculating an insurance pension, which is 15 years, but this indicator will be valid only after 10 years, but for now it will consistently increase, starting from 6 years in the current year.
To collect the sum of individual pension points (coefficients) - at least 30, but this indicator will also be introduced only after 11 years, but for now it will consistently increase, starting from the value of 6.6 this year.

The amount of individual pension points (ratios) is determined by the accrued and paid insurance contributions to the MPI system and by how long you have been for calculating the pension.

What is pension insurance and length of service?

Seniority is a period of time in a person's life that affects the acquisition of a certain status (length of service, length of service, professional experience, etc.). On the other hand, seniority is a special measure of a person's labor activity, which has both quantitative and qualitative characteristics.

In previous years, the ability to receive and the amount of the benefit was influenced by the length of service for calculating a pension, which is the time a person carried out official labor activity with the production of pension contributions to the OPS system.

But, as mentioned above, it is the insurance experience that is required for an insurance pension. How does it differ from the concept of "seniority for calculating a pension"?

The Federal Law (FZ) No. 173, which was in force until 2015, operated on the concept of an old-age retirement pension, which included two components: insurance and funded. The new Federal Law No. 400, which came into force at the beginning of this year, removed the general concept of "labor pension" and at the same time elevated its insurance component to a separate type of pension provision. This is a visible evidence of the market thinking of Russian lawmakers, who indicated in the preamble to the law that the basis for an insurance pension can be not only labor activity, but also other socially useful activities of citizens carried out in a state with a market economy.

Some analysts equate the labor pension under Federal Law No. 173 and the insurance pension under Federal Law No. 400 on the basis of the similarity of their definitions in both laws. Hence, in their opinion, the identity of the terms "length of service" and "length of service for calculating a pension" follows. However, the second of these concepts is undoubtedly broader, since includes, in addition to the periods of work with the payment of insurance premiums to the FIU, also the periods when such payments could not be, and the citizen did not officially work (for example, the time when he received unemployment benefits).

What is the difference between the insurance component of the labor pension under the Federal Law No. 173 and the insurance pension under the Federal Law No. 400?

The changes affected the principle of accrual and the conditions for the provision of pensions. For the labor pension, the total pension capital was calculated, expressed in rubles. For an insurance pension, the pension capital is accumulated in the form of points (pension coefficients) with an annually increased value in rubles by the state. To receive a retirement pension, it was only necessary to accumulate work experience. For an insurance pension, a minimum length of service is required for calculating a pension (in fact, the minimum insurance experience) and the sum of individual pension points (coefficients) at a level of at least six years and a value of 6.6 points, respectively, for the current year.

From 2016, these indicators will grow. By 2024, it is planned to achieve the maximum established by Federal Law No. 400: the required length of service for calculating a pension will be equal to 15 years, and the required amount of points - 30 points.

If you immigrated to Russia

The length of service for calculating pensions under Federal Law No. 400 includes those periods of time when work or other activities with the payment of insurance payments to the PFR were carried out on the territory of the Russian Federation. What if you moved to Russia from a CIS country and received Russian citizenship? Is the length of service earned outside the Russian Federation taken into account when calculating the Russian pension?

Yes, it is taken into account, but partially. In 1992, all the CIS countries (except Azerbaijan) concluded a special agreement on this issue. It was determined that if citizens move to other countries within the CIS, then when calculating their pension in the new country of residence, their entire work experience is taken into account (note, it is the "work experience", because the agreement is from 1992!), Acquired on the territory of the former USSR until 03.13.1992

The work experience of an immigrant outside the Russian Federation after the start of the pension reform in it, i.e. since 2002, added to the Russian insurance experience upon confirmation of the payment of insurance payments in the Pension Fund of the previous country of residence.

What periods of forced absence from work are included in the length of service?

Federal Law No. 400 takes into account as much as possible the rights of those citizens who are forced to interrupt their work and, accordingly, the payment of insurance pension contributions. A person may temporarily lose his job and live on welfare, get sick and be on sick leave for several months, mothers take care of small children, people take care of sick or elderly relatives. Often, the wives of contract servicemen cannot find work in small military towns. There are also many cases when people are unfairly sentenced to imprisonment, which interrupts their insurance record. Finally, citizens simply do military service in the RF Armed Forces or other government agencies.

Federal Law No. 400 includes all such non-insurance periods in the insurance experience if, before or after them, persons had periods of work or other activities with the payment of insurance premiums. Consequently, the concept of "insurance experience" includes the length of service for calculating a pension and the periods of absence thereof, listed in Federal Law No. 400.

Calculation of the length of service for calculating the pension

Federal Law No. 400 establishes the calendar procedure for calculating the insurance period, that is, one calendar year of work (or other activity accompanied by insurance payments) is equal to one year of insurance experience. It may happen, for example, that during the period of caring for a small child, a citizen also looked after an elderly relative. Other coincidences of the two non-insurance periods in time are also possible. In this situation, any of these periods at the choice of the citizen can be recorded in the insurance experience.

Self-employed citizens, farmers, citizens employed by individuals have the right to include in their insurance experience those periods of work (activity) during which insurance payments were made to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation.

If citizens who receive pensions for length of service, as well as for disability received while carrying out civil service, also claim to receive an insurance pension, then their insurance experience does not include the periods of service taken into account when calculating received pensions.

An interesting situation is with the calculation of the insurance period for authors of works of literature and art, who usually sell licenses for their use and pay contributions to the Pension Fund from the amounts received. If in a specific year the amount of payments to the Pension Fund from such an author was more than the fixed contribution determined by Federal Law No. 212, then one full calendar year is included in the author's insurance record. If the amount of the author's payments to the Pension Fund for the year is less than the fixed contribution according to Federal Law No. 212, then a period calculated in months in proportion to the amount contributed is included in his insurance record.

How the seniority for calculating the pension is calculated and confirmed

In our country, the calculation of the insurance experience is divided into two time intervals:

before the introduction of the system of universal personified accounting in 1996 according to Federal Law No. 27;
after the introduction of Federal Law No. 27.

In the first interval, in addition to individual accounting data (if any), it is possible to confirm the existence of insurance periods that are included in the insurance experience with certificates from employers, government agencies or municipalities. In the second interval, such confirmation is made only according to information from the system of universal personified accounting.

If the documents on the work of a citizen related to the first time interval are irretrievably lost due to a natural disaster and cannot be restored, then the periods of his work in the territory of the Russian Federation can be established according to the testimony of two or more witnesses. It is allowed to use this method of confirming the insurance experience even if documents are lost through no fault of the employee due to careless storage, destruction by malicious intent, etc.

What is the conversion of pension rights

Before the start of the pension reform in the Russian Federation in 2002, two factors influenced the size of the pension:

The total length of service for calculating the pension (or, in other words, the total length of service). It, like the insurance experience under Federal Law No. 400, is defined as the total duration of labor and other useful activities for society until January 1, 2002, with the inclusion of some periods when a citizen was forced to not work (their list is much less than that of insurance experience). The total length of service is not associated with any insurance premiums.
Average monthly earnings, either for the last two years before retirement, or for any five years of work.

Consequently, the amount of the pension until 2002 was determined by the length of service and earnings in the selected period of time.

Since 2002, each citizen began to accumulate calculated pension capital on his personal account with the Pension Fund from monthly insurance contributions paid by employers. But what should the authorities of the Russian Federation do with those pension rights that were accumulated by citizens who worked before 2002? How to combine them with the accumulation of insurance premiums?

This problem was solved by the conversion of pension rights carried out in 2002. It consisted in the translation of these rights, which had no real embodiment, into the equivalent estimated pension capital, expressed in rubles. In 2010, this capital was increased as a result of valorization for all citizens by 10%, and for persons who had work experience in the period before 1991, by an additional 1% for each year of work experience.

Do I need continuous seniority to calculate my retirement benefit?

There is no legal definition of this type of experience in the current legislation. But, after analyzing a number of existing regulatory documents, we can conclude that the continuous length of service for calculating a pension is the duration of the last work at one enterprise without interruption or at a number of enterprises, provided that the interruptions in work did not exceed the established deadlines (usually from one to three months in depending on the reason for the interruption of employment).

According to the current legislation, the continuity of service is not taken into account when determining the amount of the insurance pension. Since 01.01.2007, according to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the amount of benefits paid for temporary disability also does not depend on this indicator. Now it is calculated only on the basis of the insurance period.

"Northern" experience

"Northern" seniority for calculating a pension is an indicator provided for those who live in the Far North and in areas equated to it, as well as for those who previously worked in such a locality. Citizens of these categories can retire early (insurance). This right is given to women from 50 years of age and men from 55 years of age who have worked, respectively, from 15 or from 20 calendar years in the Far North or in areas that are equated to it, if they have mandatory insurance experience for pension accrual from 20 and from 25 years, respectively.

Women with two or more children who have worked, respectively, from 12 or from 17 calendar years in the Far North or in areas that are equated to it, can also go on an insurance pension at 50 years if they have a compulsory insurance experience of 20 years.

In addition, men and women who have worked in the Far North for 25 and 20 years respectively in fishing, reindeer husbandry or hunting can receive a pension at the age of 50 and 45.

The situation in Ukraine

How is the length of service for calculating a pension calculated in a neighboring state? Ukraine has carried out the pension system for citizens through approximately the same stages as the Russian Federation. So, from 1991 to 2004, it was regulated by the Law on Pension Provision, which provided for the accrual of pensions based on seniority and average monthly earnings for a certain period of time. In the same way as in the Russian legislation before the start of the pension reform in 2002, the Ukrainian pension legislation combined periods of a citizen's work and some periods of forced absence from work into the concept of "total length of service".

Since 2004, the Law on Pension Insurance came into effect, which is an analogue of Federal Law No. 173 and operates with the concepts of insurance experience and insurance premiums. In subsequent years, there were several attempts in Ukraine to continue the pension reform, but they did not lead to specific changes in legislation, except for a gradual increase in the retirement age for women to 60 years.

Certain changes aimed at tightening the rules for providing pensions to selected categories of workers are taking place this year. From April 1, when retirement pensions are assigned on preferential terms for work in harmful and difficult conditions, the retirement age for women begins to gradually increase from 45 to 50 years. In parallel, the total work experience, which is necessary for the appointment of preferential pensions for both men and women, will also gradually increase by 5 years.

Seniority pensions will now also be awarded after a greater total length of service, and for some categories of workers - after a greater required length of service. This applies, in particular, to workers of locomotive brigades, workers of geological exploration parties, loggers and loggers, sailors, teachers and doctors, artists, etc.

The legislation of the Russian Federation has long provided for many state guarantees. Among them, it is worth highlighting the provision of the elderly population with pension benefits. At the same time, the amount of future payments directly depends on the amount of wages received during the working age, as well as on how much work experience is. What if the person did not officially work? Is there an old-age pension without seniority?

Main types of pension

To answer the question of what old-age pension without seniority is charged, it is necessary to consider the main types of such payments. At the moment there are two types:

insurance;
social.

In the latter case, citizens are charged an old-age pension without seniority. A pensioner can only apply for social benefits. At the same time, the amount of the pension is minimal. If a citizen of the country was officially employed, then he is charged an insurance pension. Its size depends on the length of service. To receive this type of pension in the Russian Federation, you must have worked for at least 7 years.

What is included in the experience

To figure out what kind of old-age pension will be paid without seniority or insurance, it is worth clarifying what exactly is included in the seniority. It includes:

the period of searching for a job, provided that the citizen was registered with an institution such as the Employment Service;
for women, the period of motherhood, which is 1.5 years for each child, but does not exceed 6 years;
military conscript service for men;
caring for elderly or disabled relatives, whose age is at least 80 years;
for rehabilitated persons, the time of imprisonment is taken into account.

It should be noted that it is planned to increase the minimum length of service. To receive an insurance pension, you will need to work for more than 15 years. The Ministry of Labor recommends getting a job in government institutions on a permanent basis. After all, the insurance pension is higher than the old-age pension without seniority.

In some cases, it is not possible to get formal employment. Once in such a situation, citizens can count on a social pension. This requires a number of documents.

Retirement age

Citizens who are entitled to an old-age pension can be divided into several categories:

women who have reached 60 years of age and men aged 65 who have a passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation;
those who have reached retirement age, but do not have Russian citizenship, who have lived in the country for 15 years;
women aged 50 and men who have reached the age of 55, who are representatives of the indigenous population of the North, living in their historical homeland until retirement age.

When is the social pension awarded?

An old-age pension without seniority was provided for those who, for whatever reason, could not earn seniority for insurance payments. This category includes disabled persons, as well as those who find themselves in a difficult life situation. Of course, those who are fully capable but have no experience can also receive such a pension. Those who have worked for private companies for many years without signing a formal contract can also count on state support. The pension begins to accrue upon reaching a certain age.

What conditions must be met

To receive the minimum old-age pension without seniority, the following conditions must be met:

a pensioner must have citizenship of the Russian Federation or have lived in its territory for 15 years;
to receive an old-age pension without seniority, the age of a citizen must be 60 years for women and 65 for men.

It is worth noting that social payments are assigned 5 years later than insurance payments. However, there are exceptions. For example, those who live in the Far North, where living conditions are harsh, are assigned a pension for men from 55 years old, and women from 50 years old.

Combination with other payments

If, when choosing several pensions, the social one is more profitable, then the citizen can choose it. In addition, such a pension can be received at the same time as other survivor benefits. It refers to a social pension if:

a citizen is the wife or parent of a soldier who died in combat;
a citizen received the right to such a social pension, since he is a member of a family that suffered as a result of the Chernobyl accident or during the elimination of the consequences of this disaster;
the citizen is a member of the family of the deceased astronaut.

It is worth considering that disability payments stop on the day the old age payment is appointed. You cannot receive these types of pensions at the same time.

Collecting documents

For the appointment of a social pension, it is recommended to contact the department of the Pension Fund, which provides services to each specific area. When the entire package of papers is collected, you can contact a specialist of this organization. To teach an old-age pension without seniority in Russia, you need to collect the following list of documents:

passport or a document that replaces it;
SNILS;
a document confirming citizenship or a certificate obtained from the UFSM, which indicates the period of residence of a citizen in Russia;
work book, provided that it was issued at all;
if necessary, it is worth submitting a certificate or a certificate proving that the citizen belongs to the peoples of the Far North.

If a payment is due related to the loss of a breadwinner, then you must also bring papers confirming the right to it. The list of documents depends on your case.

Surcharges and allowances

Now you know how to get an old-age pension without work experience in Moscow and other cities of Russia. It is worth considering that elderly people can receive a municipal allowance. This may require:

documents from a medical institution confirming the disability group;
documents on the composition of the family.

In addition, those citizens who receive an old-age pension and have no work experience can receive subsidiary payments. They help not only pay for utilities, but also have a decent standard of living for an elderly person. Some of these additional payments can be obtained from the Pension Fund, and the rest - from a social security institution.

Approximate size of social pension

The amount of an old-age pension without seniority depends on many factors. In some cases, payments can be modest. For example, in cases where a citizen does not have sufficient work experience, then he is assigned a pension in the amount of 3,262 rubles. This takes into account some factors:

Indexing carried out annually. At the beginning of each year, or rather, in April, the amount of such a pension can be recalculated. This is done so that state aid does not lag behind inflation, as well as the size of the living wage. For example, in 2017, the pension was recalculated with a coefficient of 1.03. As a result, the average amount of the payment was 8.6 thousand rubles.
Place of residence. On the territory of Russia there are regions where pensions and all kinds of benefits are paid with an increased coefficient. Of course, when you change your residence, the privilege is lost. An increased pension is provided for those who live in the Arctic Circle. When moving to the southern regions, the amount of the payment is significantly reduced.
The old-age pension increases when a citizen turns 80 years old, as well as if there is a dependent.

Features of calculating social pensions

Otherwise, a social pension is charged for those who received disability benefits. The new state aid cannot be less than the citizen received before retirement age. Most often, the amount of the old-age pension corresponds to the amount of the disability payment for the last period of its receipt.

Unforeseen situations also happen. It often happens that after recalculation, the social pension turns out to be less than the cost of living. In such cases, a citizen can apply for an allowance designed specifically for unemployed elderly people. Such an additional payment is prescribed by the social protection institution. When a pensioner finds a job, the payment of such assistance is terminated. A citizen must notify specialists of the Pension Fund or social protection of the population about employment.

When a social pension may be refused

In some cases, a citizen may be denied the payment of a social pension. The right to it is lost when:

moving outside the Russian Federation for permanent residence;
upon obtaining another citizenship;
resumption or start of labor activity;
if the money remains unclaimed for six months.

Small peoples of the Far North cannot lose their disability status. Even if a citizen starts working at an old age, he has every right to receive social state benefits for old age.

If the social pension remains unclaimed for six months, then its payment for the same period is temporarily suspended. The complete cancellation of such state aid occurs if the pensioner has not applied for the renewal of the payment.

Changes in the calculation of pensions

In 2017, some changes were introduced in the process of calculating pensions, and some are still planned. In general, the following reform should take place during this period:

an increase in the retirement age and its subsequent equalization to 65 years for both men and women;
growth for employees of budgetary organizations of the necessary value of work experience, especially for doctors and teachers;
the only social insurance rate, which is determined based on the amount of earnings;
exclusion of funded pension from the legislation, so that a citizen can decide for himself whether he needs it or not;
decrease in indexation of all payments;
elimination of some payments for the category of pensioners who are still working;
abolition of early retirement for those who work in enterprises in harmful conditions.

All these pension reforms are planned for 2017. Some of them have already been introduced and are operational.