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The manifestation of aggression in adolescents to parents. How to deal with teenage aggression. Aggressive behavior of adolescents: causes, correction and prevention of adolescent aggression

One of the main problems in defining aggression is that the term implies a wide variety of actions. When people characterize someone as aggressive, they might say that he usually insults others, or that he is often unfriendly, or that he, being strong enough, tries to do things his own way, or maybe that he stands firm his convictions, or perhaps without fear he plunges into the maelstrom of unsolvable problems. Thus, when studying aggressive human behavior, we are immediately faced with a serious and controversial task: how to find an expressive and useful definition of the basic concept.

According to one of the definitions proposed by Buss, aggression is any behavior that threatens or harms others.

The second definition, proposed by several well-known researchers, contains the following provision: for certain actions to be qualified as aggression, they must include the intention of insulting or insulting, and not just lead to such consequences. And, finally, the third point of view, expressed by Zilman, limits the use of the term aggression to an attempt to inflict bodily or physical harm on others. 1

Despite considerable disagreement regarding the definitions of aggression, many social scientists tend to accept a definition close to the second. This definition includes both the category of intent and the actual infliction of offense or harm to others. Thus, the following definition is currently accepted by the majority: Aggression is any form of behavior aimed at insulting or harming another living being that does not want such treatment.

This definition suggests that aggression should be viewed as a pattern of behavior rather than as an emotion, motive, or attitude. This important statement has created a lot of confusion. The term aggression is often associated with negative emotions such as anger; with motives, such as the desire to offend or harm; and even with negative attitudes, such as racial or ethnic prejudice. While all of these factors undoubtedly play an important role in the behavior that results in harm, their presence is not a necessary condition for such actions. Anger is not at all a necessary condition for attacking others; aggression unfolds both in a state of complete composure and extremely emotional excitement. It is also not at all necessary that the aggressors hate or even dislike those who are targeted by their actions. Many cause suffering to people who are treated more positively than negatively.

1.2 Causes and specifics of the manifestation of aggressiveness in adolescents

Adolescence is one of the most difficult periods of human development. Despite the relative short duration (from 14 to 18 years), it practically largely determines the entire future life of the individual. It is during adolescence that the formation of character and other foundations of personality takes place. These circumstances: the transition from a childhood tutored by adults to independence, a change from the usual school education to other types of social activities, as well as a rapid hormonal restructuring of the body, make a teenager especially vulnerable and susceptible to negative environmental influences.

A modern teenager lives in a world that is complex in its content and socialization trends. This is due, firstly, to the pace and rhythm of technical and technological transformations that place new demands on growing people. Secondly, with the rich nature of information that creates a lot of "noises" that deeply affect a teenager who has not yet developed a clear life position. Thirdly, with the environmental and economic crises that have hit our society, which makes children feel hopeless and annoyed. At the same time, young people develop a sense of protest, often unconscious, and at the same time their individualization grows, which leads to egoism when they lose their general social interest. Adolescents suffer more than other age groups from the instability of the social, economic and moral situation in the country, today they have lost the necessary orientation in values ​​and ideals - the old ones are destroyed, new ones are not created. 1

The personality of a child and a teenager is formed not by itself, but in the environment around him. Especially important is the role of small groups in which a teenager interacts with other people.

The combination of unfavorable biological, psychological, family and other socio-psychological factors distorts the entire lifestyle of adolescents. Characteristic for them is the violation of emotional relationships with other people. Adolescents fall under the strong influence of the adolescent group, which often forms an asocial scale of life values. The very way of life, environment, style and social circle contribute to the development and consolidation of deviant behavior. Thus, the existing negative microclimate in many families causes the emergence of alienation, rudeness, hostility of a certain part of adolescents, the desire to do everything out of spite, against the will of others, which creates objective prerequisites for the appearance of demonstrative disobedience, aggressiveness and destructive actions.

The intensive development of self-consciousness and self-criticism leads to the fact that a child in adolescence discovers contradictions not only in the world around him, but also in his own idea of ​​himself.

Spontaneously forming peer groups unite adolescents who are close in terms of development level and interests. The group reinforces and even cultivates deviant values ​​and behaviors, has a strong influence on the personal development of adolescents, becoming a regulator of their behavior. The sense of distance lost by teenagers, the sense of what is acceptable and what is not acceptable, leads to unpredictable events. There are special groups that are characterized by an attitude towards immediate satisfaction of desires, towards passive protection from difficulties, and the desire to shift responsibility onto others. Adolescents in these groups are distinguished by a disdainful attitude to learning, poor academic performance, bravado by failure to fulfill their duties: avoiding in every possible way to perform any duties and assignments around the house, prepare homework, and even attend classes, such adolescents face a large amount of "extra time" . But for these adolescents, it is precisely the inability to meaningfully spend leisure time that is characteristic. The vast majority of these teenagers do not have any individual hobbies, they are not involved in sections and circles. They do not visit exhibitions and theaters, they read very little, and the content of the books they read usually does not go beyond the adventure-detective genre. Wasted time pushes teenagers to search for new "thrills". Alcoholization and drug addiction are closely woven into the structure of the deviant lifestyle of adolescents. Often teenagers celebrate their “merits” by drinking alcohol: successful adventures, hooligan acts, fights, petty thefts. 1 Explaining their bad deeds, teenagers have the wrong idea about morality, justice, courage, bravery. 2

Adolescent children are especially dependent on the microenvironment and the specific situation. One of the defining elements of the microenvironment in relationships that form personality is the family. At the same time, it is not its composition that is decisive - complete, incomplete, disintegrated - but the moral atmosphere, the relationships that develop between adult family members, between adults and children. It has been established that the level of the physical form of aggressive behavior is most pronounced in children from the working environment, and the most aggressive are children from the environment of rural machine operators. At the same time, adolescents in this group have a minimal level of negativism. Verbal forms of aggressive behavior are typical for most adolescents from a family of middle-level employees. At the same time, these adolescents are distinguished by a relatively low level of physical form of aggressive behavior. In terms of the level of indirect aggression, adolescents from families of auxiliary workers and families of senior employees are in the first place. Adolescents from the environment of executives and families of the intelligentsia (doctors, teachers, engineers) are characterized by increased negativism. Aggressive behavior is least pronounced in adolescents from the environment of trade workers. Apparently, in this case, not only material well-being affects, but also the desire developed in this environment to avoid conflicts, smooth out emerging contradictions, and not aggravate the situation.

Until recently, the baby laughed sweetly and pulled his arms towards you so that you hugged and kissed him, but today he angrily responds to all your requests and comments? Unfortunately, many families know firsthand what teenage aggression is. And if you do not pay attention to this problem in time and do not rein in the child, in the future the student may generally get out of control. And then neither threats, nor punishment, nor encouragement will help.

Causes of aggression in a child

In fact, there are many reasons why aggression occurs in adolescence. But first, parents should understand that anger, hatred and similar feelings do not just arise out of nowhere. Therefore, if you are faced with this state of affairs, you should first find the cause. And only after that you can begin an incredibly difficult struggle with the character of the student. And it’s not a fact that you can defeat (re-educate) a difficult teenager.

Family upbringing or when did you miss the moment?

Many experts believe that it is mom and dad who are to blame, and not society, the environment, school, and similar factors. After all, it is on how parents behave that the perception of the world by a man who has not yet been formed physically and morally depends. A teenager, unfortunately, does not always understand that adults can also make mistakes, deceive, break down. They react to everything very sharply. And even the slightest remark can cause a tantrum. Therefore, you should reconsider the way you behave at home.

  • Overprotection

When parents do not allow a student to take a step, they do everything for him, a teenager may rebel. He wants to decide for himself what is better, where and with whom to go for a walk, what things he needs. And adults are not authority for him. Most often this happens if mom and dad cannot agree among themselves on how to properly raise a child.

  • Lack of attention

Aggression for teenagers is one of the ways to draw your attention to his person. If, for example, mom is busy going to beauty salons with her friends, and dad spends all the time at work, the student feels abandoned. And only having been rude to his father and mother, he begins to understand that they really love him.

  • Violence in family

Perhaps one of your family members is dismissive of the rest, shows rudeness, dissolves his hands, morally or physically humiliates. There are two options for why a teenager may have aggression. The first is that in this way the child tries to protect himself from a person who is a danger to him. In the second case, your child copies the behavior of his father, grandfather, uncle, that is, a person who is an aggressor.

  • Second child

Often, aggression in a teenager is manifested in relation to his brother, sister. He thinks that his parents love him less. The situation escalates if mom and dad often praise the second baby, compare them. But even if a teenager is the only child in the family, he may be jealous of Sasha, Masha or Katya, whom you constantly set as an example to him.

  • Poverty

Lack of money and dissatisfaction with needs - this can also be the cause of teenage aggression. In this case, the child will test against this state of affairs. He wants a new mobile phone, nice sneakers and jeans, a powerful computer, and his parents cannot afford such expensive purchases.

Some children try to find a job to help mom and dad, while others demand to buy and get angry if they were not given a new toy. And if the parents nevertheless allocate money and give the teenager what he wants, the student begins to show his character even more strongly, testing the rest for strength.

  • Wealth

Wealthy families often face aggression in adolescents, especially if the child never knows refusal in anything. It is difficult for him to understand why it is impossible to shout at others if he is in charge. By the way, schoolchildren have a bad attitude not only to their parents, servants, but also to less well-to-do people.

  • Traditions

Have you noticed that in strict families, where all members follow long-established traditions, children in their teens stage a riot. They do not like to walk around in the same clothes as their parents, do the same work, just have fun and relax. They are, by their very nature, isolated from society. Classmates do not accept such people into their circle, considering them freaks. And being an outcast in society is the most difficult thing that a little man unprepared for adulthood faces.

Biological factors: when hormones are to blame

Typically, these changes in behavior occur at 14-16 years of age. In the body of a teenager, a serious restructuring begins, a hormonal boom occurs. And if you do not direct your son or daughter in the right direction, do not take something serious, the child will begin to show his "I".

The first reason why he decides to do this is a wrong perception of the world. Adolescence is the time when a student begins to form his own model of behavior. He is no longer the sissy he was before. And there are two directions in which relationships with adults can develop. He either begins to respect people who are older and smarter, or shows aggression towards them. By the way, aggression in a teenager can be a common reaction to exactly the same behavior of other people.

Parents rarely notice when the relationship with the child begins to deteriorate. Usually they miss the moment, so busy with more serious problems. And only when an aggravation occurs, dad and mom begin to make attempts to correct the situation.

Finding yourself and your place in life is the hardest part of growing up. White and black, good and evil. During this period, teenagers divide the world into two parts. And for them there is no golden mean. Maximalism is inherent in every person, but in this case it is too pronounced. The student does not want to perceive the world as it is, and tries to change himself, his environment. And if the parents are not perfect, but they have their own vices, the child pushes them away.

The second reason why adolescent aggression is manifested is an increased sexual desire. It is during this period that girls and boys become interested in the opposite sex. They find it difficult to control and restrain themselves. But it was enough to sign up a son for boxing, a daughter for dancing, so that they splashed out the accumulated energy there.

What is teenage aggression

Often, parents cannot distinguish between aggression in adolescents and just a bad mood, laziness, apathy. So, for example, if a student does not want to talk to his father or mother, this does not mean that he hates them or is trying to ruin their lives. Perhaps he has some problems, but he is simply afraid to talk about them. Panic should be raised if the child:

  • attempts to cause moral or physical harm to the victim;
  • offends animals, intentionally causes damage to objects and living organisms.

Thus, teenage aggression is the destructive behavior of a child, which completely or partially contradicts the rules and norms that have developed in society. At the same time, this person tries to destroy, harm animate and inanimate objects, cause a breakdown or psychological imbalance.

Children may express their feelings in different ways. It can be both ordinary depression and an explosion of emotions. If the student is always calm and complaisant, such behavior should alert mom and dad. This state indicates that the student either accumulates aggression, or he is simply not able to defend his point of view. In both cases, this is fraught with consequences.

How aggression manifests itself in teenage students

Teenage aggression manifests itself in different ways. Someone offends classmates, someone needs to prove their physical superiority. Some try to offend those who are weaker, others only respond sharply to advice or comments. You should find out how the child behaves not only at home, but also at school, on the street, with friends. Have you paid attention to how he treats other people? So, based on this, there are several types of aggression:

  • Physical

Physical aggression of teenagers is perhaps the most dangerous. The main goal of such a child is to cause pain and harm to another person. The problem is that the student may not even be aware of his mistake. He will beat the victim until he passes out, without feeling guilty or sorry afterwards. No wonder it is believed that the most terrible tyrant is a child.

  • Verbal

Do you think that verbal skirmishes with adults and peers are not such a terrible vice? In fact, some of the children's spiteful statements can bring the victim to a nervous breakdown. It is enough for a group of high school girls to tell a classmate that she is scary, stupid, fat, and so on on the list, the child may not stand it. Often such "jokes" and bullying lead to suicide.

How does verbal aggression usually manifest itself in a teenager? It can be a rebuff, criticism of other people's actions or behavior, obscene language, anger, ridicule, resentment, hatred. It is not uncommon for a student to yell curses or threats at other people.

  • Expressive

A person who has been pissed off conveys his attitude towards others with the help of movements, threatening grimace, facial expressions. For example, a teenager can show an indecent gesture, a fist, make a disgruntled face. Often this is accompanied by profanity.

  • Straight

The child reacts directly to an object that causes him unpleasant feelings: anger, resentment, irritation, apathy, hatred. In this case, both physical (beating, self-mutilation) and moral violence (insult, threats) can be used.

  • Indirect

The aggressor breaks down not on the culprit of his bad mood, but on people or objects that will not be able to react to this in any way. For example, a student was given a deuce. Arriving home, he can offend his younger brother, pet, break his favorite toy.

Situational and purposeful anger of a teenager

Why does a child show aggression towards other people? Is he always to blame for this and is it worth punishing him if he breaks? The fact is that sometimes circumstances force him into fights, screams and tantrums. Therefore, you should first understand what caused such a reaction.

  • situational or reactive

Imagine that your child was rude in transport, school or in a store. How will he react to this behavior? That's right, the teenager will try to give a verbal rebuff to the offender. And only in rare cases will he be able to remain silent, avoiding conflict. In this situation, one cannot say that the child is aggressive and overly emotional. Yes, he behaved not quite correctly and correctly. But how would you react to such a situation? Each person, regardless of upbringing and social status, has aggressiveness.

  • Purposeful aggression or accumulation of emotions

If a child is constantly rude, fights at school, offends others, does not respect elders, then he is aggressive. This behavior is not considered normal. In this case, the student needs the help of a specialist. And if aggression in adolescence is directed in the right direction, you can raise a true leader. It will be easier for such a person to adapt in any difficult situation. He will subjugate the entire team without any problems and will become a good boss. If everything is left to chance, in the future the child may engage in crime. He will be interested in humiliating other people.

Who is the child angry at?

An important role is played by who the aggression is directed at. Often people mistakenly believe that schoolchildren can only harm other people. The problem lies in the fact that teenagers often blame themselves for all the troubles and conflicts, being angry at their appearance, character, demeanor. There are two types of aggression:

  • Heteroaggression

The student is aggressive towards the people around him, animals and things. He fights, insults, humiliates others and experiences special pleasure from this. Often the child uses profanity, not embarrassed by brothers, sisters and older persons.

  • Autoaggression

In this case, the aggression of adolescents is not directed at some stranger, but specifically at himself. It is not uncommon for schoolchildren to commit suicide or develop serious illnesses caused by psychological disorders.

Who is at risk

  • Robber boys

It is difficult for single mothers to raise and control their sons. Excessive love and guardianship of the female half of the family, lack of male attention and a firm paternal hand - all this leads to the fact that the child feels like a king. Nobody contradicted him before, so why are they teaching now?

Also at risk are teenagers whose fathers are tyrants and aggressors. At the same time, women in such a family do not have the right to vote, they always and in everything obey others. The son in such an environment will try to resist dad. And if an older family member does not suppress the rebellion and does not break character, then the child will be an exact copy of the father.

  • Rebel girls

With the fair sex, the situation is completely different. Adolescent aggression is manifested if the authority in the family is the mother. The father is too soft. The girl begins to copy the behavior of a rude, assertive, domineering woman. Plus, such daughters grow up to be very bad housewives who do not know how to cook or take care of children, and in their house they always have an eternal mess. They are used to the fact that this is all done by a man.

The second category is children left to their own devices. And aggression is an attempt to survive in our, let's be honest, not very fair and friendly society. Communicating with the guys in the yard, she learns to fight back people. Gradually, this attitude manifests itself in the family.

Male and female aggression: similarities and differences

For some reason, it is generally accepted that boys are more aggressive and meaner than girls. Such an erroneous opinion has developed due to the fact that schoolgirls do not show their feelings so clearly and openly. They prefer to spread rumors, sprinkle pepper in their underwear, and not strike in front of everyone. Unfortunately, in recent years the difference has become less noticeable.

You probably noticed that guys show their emotions right away. It is difficult for them to control and restrain themselves. Holding a grudge and acting on the sly is not for them. Plus, public opinion plays a big role in this case. So, for example, if your son was offended, the father will tell him to hit back. Daughters will begin to explain that you should stay away from such persons. Few things can happen.

Another difference is the way teenagers show aggression. The fair sex prefer to avoid physical violence. As mentioned above, it is easier for them to offend, humiliate. But hitting is the last thing a girl will do. After all, she can get change. Moreover, schoolgirls understand earlier that the word hurts more painfully. They learn to find the weakest point of each individual person, after which they hit right on target.

Boys don't have that kind of talent. They show aggression not pointwise, as girls do, but en masse. Whoever gets caught is the one to blame. Fists are used, and the surrounding people and things suffer. A guy, for example, can smash the phone against the wall, hit the door with his hand, etc.

Now let's take an example of the behavior of teenagers. So, imagine a situation where a girl likes a neighbor on her desk. She can take the pen from him and make cute faces, batting her eyes. The student will try to pick up this object, swearing or even undertaking force. Naturally, they will punish the boy, as they consider that he is the initiator of this conflict.

Thus, girls act as ringleaders, and boys - innocent victims of circumstances. The fair sex likes to push people's foreheads together, while remaining on the sidelines. It is much more pleasant to observe than to participate in such actions.

Therefore, before punishing a son or daughter for a fight, find out what caused it. Listen to both sides, and only then decide whether to punish a teenager for aggression. If you do this, you can connect with an out-of-control child.

What is the danger of increased aggressiveness or its absence

As mentioned above, during this period, the teenager begins to move away from his parents, trying to do everything on his own. And if, for example, the father forbids the child too much, the son or daughter will do everything out of spite. It should be done gently and gradually.

You need to understand that this is not a five-year-old baby who needs constant care and guardianship. The child needs to grow up. Of course, it is not worth letting go immediately to free bread, concessions should be made gradually. Do not forget also that the student needs to communicate with peers. Only with them will he master communication skills, learn to make friends, love, command, and resolve problems that have arisen. Your role is to observe from the outside. Believe me, a teenager will turn to you for help when he really needs it. You are his rear and support.

If you develop a trusting relationship with a child, even during a period of rebellion, he will turn to you. But in no case do not put pressure on him, do not force him to talk about what he would prefer to hide. Think back to that age. Would you like dad and mom to know about the first kiss, intimate relationship, smoked cigarette, drunk bottle of beer.

You shouldn't take it out on a schoolboy if he told you about things that make your hair stand on end. If you start criticizing, shouting, punishing, then next time you will not be told anything else. And you will learn about the events in the child's life from neighbors, teachers, acquaintances. An unpleasant prospect, isn't it?

Do not try to completely suppress aggression in adolescents! Guide her in the right direction. After all, only thanks to this feeling people become champions, leaders, winners. A person who never gets angry or shows any emotion will not be able to show his Self. But be careful that the child does not go down a dangerous path. Often, unrealized power spills out at the most inopportune moment. That is why in our world there are so many killers, people with broken destinies, as well as suicides.

Do you think that you have a calm son who would not hurt a fly? If a teenager is a good boy who helps at home, and transfers his grandmother through dearly, and is an excellent student, and an example to follow, he may break loose at one fine moment. Such restraint is fraught with nervousness, mental disorders.

How to deal with aggression

First of all, you should understand that nothing can be solved by force. You will come across a wall that a child will build. And it will be almost impossible to destroy it. Find out what causes aggression in teenagers, then try to establish contact with the student. Try to talk to your son or daughter calmly, without raising your voice. This will set the child in the right mood, he will begin to listen to you, and will not respond sharply and be rude.

If your child is trying to speak, do not interrupt him. Let him speak. And only after the flow of speech (scold) stops, you can start a conversation. Remember, he also has the right to show indignation, irritation, anger, distrust and similar feelings, just like you.

As mentioned above, you should find ways to splash out negative emotions. To prevent your son from coming home excited and angry, send him to sports training. Boxing, athletics, dancing, swimming, football - everything will help get rid of accumulated feelings. If the child is hyperactive, this is the only way he can get a discharge.

What to do if you cannot cope with the child, he does not want to make contact, or you doubt his adequate perception of the world? In this case, you can not do without the help of a specialist. You will have to go with the whole family to a psychologist to figure out what you are doing wrong.

Mistakes in parenting or what parents should not do

Unfortunately, at school and college we are not taught how to properly create a family, raise children, and establish contacts with people. As a result, we act blindly, we make many mistakes that are almost impossible to correct. This also applies to our kids.

But still there are a number of rules that good and loving parents should know about. So, for example, in order not to cause aggression in adolescents, conflict situations should be avoided. Believe me, in most cases, if your parents had done the same, you would have reacted no better.

  • Negative rating

Telling a child that he is stupid, bad, evil, etc., you humiliate him. At the same time, a teenager perceives your words as an incentive to action. And if you constantly criticize him, the student will begin to do everything to spite you. Only a few try to correct themselves, to prove that their parents are wrong.

  • Making fun of flaws

Telling your daughter that she is overweight, you give rise to a bunch of complexes in her. In no case should you openly and publicly talk about the shortcomings of children. You will be pleased if your mother tells your husband a secret that until the age of 16 you suffered from enuresis or played with dolls.

  • Comparison

As mentioned earlier, no person likes to be compared to someone who is smarter, more successful, more beautiful. This causes some protest in the subconscious of a teenager. Remember once and for all: your child is individual, there is no such thing anymore. And, perhaps, in some ways he is worse than others. But he also has some talents.

By the way, such behavior of parents can cause aggression in adolescents towards the person who is being praised. Therefore, do not be surprised that your son does not like an excellent student and the pride of the whole school. It’s better to say every evening that the baby is your joy, you love him the way he is, with all his shortcomings and weaknesses.

Aggressive behavior of teenagers every year more and more grows and manifests itself. At the same time, the younger generation itself suffers from it in the first place.

The word aggression comes from the Latin “aggredi”, which literally means “to attack”, “attack”. Unfortunately, the rhythm of modern life, all kinds of stressful situations lead to the fact that aggressiveness is getting younger and embittered, irritated pupils of kindergartens are already the norm rather than the exception to the rules.

Psychologists call aggressive such destructive behavior in which other people are harmed, psychologically or morally.

But when aggressive behavior appears for no reason, this may mean that a person is suffering from a serious hormonal imbalance in the body, as well as Alzheimer's disease. Psychotherapists insist on a thorough examination and identification of the causes of aggressive behavior, especially if it manifests itself in adolescence.

Aggressive behavior of adolescents, if it is not caused by diseases or disorders in the body, can be both a form of protest against restrictions at school, at home, and a desire to assert themselves among classmates through conflicts with teachers. In addition, the causes of aggression can also be socio-economic inequality, the influence of the media, films, bad company, conflicts in the family between parents and children. In any case, the situation should not be left to chance.

Aggressive behavior of children and adolescents should not frighten parents and teachers, its timely diagnosis and correction (treatment) gives very good predictions.

Aggressive behavior is a deviation that must and can be dealt with. Modern psychology and psychiatry copes with the aggressive behavior of children and adolescents quite successfully. It is important to correctly and timely determine the cause that led to aggressive behavior and prescribe treatment. This can be both visits to a psychologist for preventive conversations, and medication.

If aggression has not been eliminated in childhood, then in adolescence it will be much more difficult to fight.

The problem of aggressive behavior of adolescents

The problem of aggressive behavior of adolescents today, more than ever, is relevant. Psychologists note that in recent years the level of aggression among adolescents has increased significantly, both in developing and developed, prosperous countries.

The root cause is the unfavorable atmosphere in the family, which imposes anti-norms of social behavior on the child.

The dominance of violence and cruelty in the media and cinema lead to the fact that aggressive behavior is perceived by adolescents as the norm. With the help of aggression, they try to establish themselves in the team, to achieve what they want.

The development of aggressiveness is influenced by many factors, both biological (heredity, diseases) and psychological.

Aggressive behavior of adolescents - a diploma on this topic is chosen by an increasing number of graduates of universities in the psychological direction. The aggressive behavior of adolescents, their diagnosis and correction are now, more than ever, relevant and in demand.

School psychologists note that aggression is common among both high school and junior students. And in specialized medical institutions, neuropathologists do not have time to receive patients. But on the other hand, it should be noted that if earlier, 20-30 years ago, aggressiveness was attributed only to improper upbringing, now it is recognized that aggressive behavior is a disease that needs to be treated.

ICD-10 code

R45.6 Physical aggression

F91 Conduct disorders

Causes of aggressive behavior of teenagers

Psychologists call one of the main reasons for the manifestation of aggression in adolescents - the desire to attract attention. Aggression is a kind of cry for help. Aggression often hides weakness, fear, self-doubt.

Causes of adolescent aggressive behavior:

  • age crisis
  • unfavorable situation in the family, kindergarten, school
  • inferiority complex
  • heredity
  • hormonal disorders
  • diseases of the body
  • abuse of alcohol, drugs, antidepressants

Features of aggressive behavior of adolescents

Features of aggressive behavior of adolescents largely depend on gender. If girls prefer to verbally show aggressiveness, then young people prefer to use physical force.

Psychologists note such types of aggressive behavior of adolescents - physical aggression, indirect aggression (gossip, stamping of feet, slamming doors), verbal aggression (screams, screams, quarrels, threats, curses), negativism, resentment, suspicion.

According to statistics, boys show aggression more and more often than girls. And their aggressive behavior is more difficult to correct.

Studies show that the main reason for the manifestation of aggression in adolescence is the lack of parental love and care. “Unloved” children, in whose families there is an atmosphere of distrust, violence and insults, it is more difficult to adapt in educational institutions, as they carry a similar pattern of communication into society.

Aggressive behavior in adolescence is primarily caused by misunderstandings in the family. This is followed by age crises, the influence of the media and cinema, alcohol and drug use, problems with studies and peers, as well as hereditary diseases.

For boys, a characteristic physical form of aggression, for girls - verbal. A sharp difference in aggressiveness by gender occurs at the age of 14-15 years.

Psychological features of aggressive behavior of adolescents

In adolescence, there is puberty and psychological maturation, a desire to conflict with the whole world, and especially with teachers and parents who limit life. This period is the most difficult and controversial for any teenager. The psychological characteristics of the aggressive behavior of adolescents depend on their place in society, social level. There is a difference between aggression and aggressiveness. Aggression is a character trait, and aggression is an emotional state that can be corrected with the right method.

The psychological features of aggressive behavior in boys and girls differ both in characteristics and in time. After all, puberty in girls begins a year or two earlier.

Forms of aggressive behavior of adolescents

Forms of aggressive behavior of adolescents are of two types - verbal and physical.

Girls most often resort to the verbal form, this is a verbal insult and humiliation. Verbal aggression can be indirect and direct.

Physical aggression is more characteristic of boys. Direct physical aggression is physical humiliation. Indirect physical aggression - infliction of moral damage. Symbolic physical aggression - intimidation and threats.

The real form of aggression is the infliction of physical injury.

Diagnosis of aggressive behavior in adolescents

Diagnostics of aggressive behavior of adolescents is carried out by specialists - psychologists, psychotherapists. To do this, a number of programs and tests have been developed that, in a couple of minutes, allow you to determine whether the aggressiveness of this teenager should be corrected, or whether he just has a bad mood today.

Adolescents often refuse to acknowledge the aggressiveness of their behavior, do not want to communicate with psychologists, or take tests. To convince them of the need for diagnosis is the task of parents and a psychologist.

The presentation of the aggressive behavior of adolescents includes the diagnosis of aggressiveness, the correct selection of methods for correcting aggressive behavior.

In adolescence, for the first time, there is a denial of generally recognized morality, a desire to go against everyone and everything, to create their own system of values. If you try to influence a teenager by force, most likely, this will not lead to anything. It is for this reason that the conflict teenager + teacher is the most difficult to correct, since teachers act according to the rules, not wanting to give in, trying to understand the aggressive teenager, the reason for his aggression.

Correction of aggressive behavior of adolescents

Correction of the aggressive behavior of adolescents is initially carried out by specialists - psychotherapists or psychologists, including school psychologists. Indeed, often a school psychologist knows better than parents what problems their child faces daily. There are a number of methods for this. First you need to conduct a thorough diagnosis, exclude hormonal and hereditary diseases.

Correction of the aggressive behavior of teenagers is a joint work of parents, teachers and, of course, the "sick" person himself. Among the recommendations, including those for the prevention of aggressive behavior, an important place is occupied by the point of active and interesting leisure for the student. Classes in sports sections have a very good effect on children of all ages.

The drug method of correcting aggressive behavior is used if the disease is caused by a biological factor, that is, heredity, drug abuse, alcohol, antidepressants. Also, aggressive behavior can be caused by hormonal imbalance, infectious diseases.

Psychological correction of aggressive behavior of adolescents

Psychological correction of adolescent aggressive behavior is carried out by school psychologists or employees of specialized medical institutions. Psychological correction includes both preventive conversations and games (individual and group), painting, music, communication with nature, wildlife (often, communication with horses and dolphins transforms even the most aggressive children, on which standard methods of treatment did not work) .

Adolescent Aggressive Behavior Correction Program

The program for correcting the aggressive behavior of adolescents includes many points, the choice of which depends on the degree of aggressiveness of the undergrowth, as well as its causes. If these are biological factors, such as heredity, alcohol and drug abuse, antidepressants, hormonal disorders, then aggressive behavior is corrected with medication, often in inpatient treatment.

In other cases, psychological correction of aggressive behavior is involved - conversations, trainings, games, drawings and music, communication with nature and animals.

Prevention of aggressive behavior of adolescents

The aggressive behavior of a teenager can be influenced by many factors - a difficult situation in the family, lack of elementary standards of education, transitional age, social and behavioral factors.

Prevention of aggressive behavior of adolescents, oddly enough, should begin in childhood and is carried out by parents. At two or three years, all children show aggression, but those whose behavior has not been corrected begin to believe that aggressive behavior helps to achieve what they want.

Psychologists note that the prevention of aggressive behavior in adolescents follows the following scheme - determining the factors that influenced the development of aggressiveness in a teenager, developing measures (both psychological and medical) to reduce aggressiveness.

Adolescent Aggressive Behavior Prevention Program

The program for the prevention of aggressive behavior of adolescents should be approved at the level of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Education.

Timely prevention, diagnosis and treatment of aggression among adolescents will significantly reduce the level of crime in society in the future. Moreover, psychologists and psychotherapists successfully cope with teenage aggression, but with timely diagnosis.

At this age, teenagers often feel like the whole world is up against them. Parents do not understand, the teachers got it. The world is perceived in black and white colors. Either everything is great, or irreparable. Do not forget the physiological moment.

Puberty is characterized by a strong hormonal surge. Along with puberty, there is a restructuring of many important body systems. In most older students, the vegetative-vascular system is vulnerable at this time. Hence - sudden mood swings, fatigue, anger, aggression, tearfulness.

How to communicate with such "thorns"?

This is not your child

The first thing every parent should remember is that your child's condition is not your child! He is not evil, not aggressive, not cruel. He is one solid emotion, swollen several times. Don't label children. Not even an hour they will believe, and.

Quiet!

Do not yell at a teenager and. The increased tone in the conversation only increases the feeling that the situation is out of control. Shouting demonstrates your weakness and inability to argue with arguments. A teenager will not respect you. Maximum - will begin to be afraid and cease to trust.

You are right

Do not try to argue with the child when he is in an aggressive state. Try to lighten the mood. Ask: “Why are you mad at me?”, “What exactly upsets you so much?”. Let him speak.

And then calm him down and help him look at the situation from a different perspective. Or just laugh!

I'm on your side

For whatever reason a teenager is angry: problems at school, with friends, other adults - always let him know that you are on his side. Your child needs to know that no matter what happens, you will not push him away or judge him. Become his friend by gaining unconditional trust.

Don't get stuck

Many parents fall into an emotional stupor when their children begin to be rude and rude. Indecision is often paralyzing, and this gives the child the right to act further, crossing the boundaries of permissiveness. Sometimes teenagers, feeling such weakness of their parents, deliberately throw tantrums in order to achieve what they want. Your task is not to fall for the emotional hook. Tell yourself "I'm going to be calm", "I can handle the pressure".

Time to let off steam

Do not stop the child's anger in the bud. Both small and adult people have the right to anger - this is a natural emotion.

If you accumulate and retain negativity in yourself, a person begins to collapse from the inside. Do you notice how the child begins to lose his temper?

Give him time to get angry and cool off.

golden example

The manifestation of emotions by a teenager is due not only to his temperament and personal characteristics. Adult relationships are important.

The child "loses his temper" exactly as much as mom and dad allow themselves. Learn to express emotions by asking questions or answering in detail.

Teach your child to explain why he is angry and what he wants. In turn, speak openly about your feelings: “I feel sad when you get angry and yell at me.” This will turn the child towards you, and perhaps shame him.