Pregnancy test from what week. You develop an ovarian tumor. How to decipher a questionable result

08.08.2019

Any girl seeking to have a child always wants to know if the cherished event has happened as early as possible. Fortunately, you and I live in the 21st century, and the arsenal of tools for early detection of pregnancy in modern medicine is already quite impressive. Impressive, but imperfect: all diagnostic methods have limitations, and so far no way has been invented to check whether conception has occurred, immediately, a couple of hours or days after the act of love. But, fortunately, it will not take long to languish in anticipation.

About what is the earliest time when the conception that occurred can be reliably judged, and on what day the pregnancy test will show a positive result, and will be discussed in this article.

Determination methods. How early can you find out about pregnancy?

All methods for early diagnosis of pregnancy can be divided into two groups: visual and laboratory.

Visual examinations include ultrasound or examination by a gynecologist in a chair, and laboratory examinations include determining the presence of a special hormone in the body, chorionic gonadotropin (usually abbreviated as hCG). There are two main ways to determine the level of hCG - by taking a blood test or by making a well-known home urine pregnancy test.

Let's say right away that visual methods lag far behind the "chemical" ones in the speed and accuracy of determining pregnancy. It is physically possible to see a pregnancy on an ultrasound scan only from the third week of development of the embryo, and then only with sufficient qualifications of the doctor and high quality equipment, since. the ovum at this time is only a few millimeters in size. Examination by a doctor in a chair is also subjective, since certain symptoms (softening of the cervix, a change in its shape) only indirectly indicate the patient's pregnant status.

In contrast, tests to determine the level of hCG can be applied as early as a week after the start of fetal development and are free of uncertainty. An increase in the level of hCG (normally in a non-pregnant person who is absent) starts immediately after the fertilized egg attaches to the wall of the uterus, and serves as reliable evidence that the desired event did occur.

If we summarize the methods according to which of them is the fastest, we get something like the following list:

Blood test for hCG.
HCG test strip (urine).
Ultrasound.
Visual examination by a doctor

And since our article is about how to determine pregnancy in the first place, below we will tell you more about the level of hCG in the body of a pregnant woman and about which day it is worth taking a pregnancy test or running to the laboratory to donate blood.

How does a pregnancy test work?

The principle of the pregnancy test is very simple - the reagents in the test strip change their color if the level of chorionic gonadotropin in the urine exceeds a certain level (this level is written on the test box; standard tests begin to show a second strip of 25 units of hCG. There are also highly sensitive tests , showing a second strip from 10 units of hCG.However, only an increase in hCG to a level of 25 or more is considered a reliable sign of pregnancy, since lower levels can be caused simply by physiological abnormalities).

On what day will the pregnancy test show a positive result?

Let's figure it out.

A positive result will appear only after reaching a certain level of hCG in the body, but how long does it take for hCG to become sufficient?

Most readers know that fertilization is possible only during ovulation. However, after fertilization has occurred, a number of events must occur, requiring a certain period of time:

The period from the moment of fertilization to the moment when the test shows two strips is counted from the date of ovulation and is made up of the period of several events:

1) Fertilization time (up to 1 day)

2) Time to move from the fallopian tube to the uterus (up to 4 days)

3) Time for implantation (up to 4 days)

4) Time to produce a sufficient amount of hCG (up to 7 days).

First, you need to determine when in this cycle there was ovulation. There are a lot of methods for its determination - from “folk” calendar to 100% accurate ultrasound. If you are not familiar with them, we advise you to read the article "How to" catch "ovulation"? All about the menstrual cycle by day. "

Let's say you were able to figure out when you ovulated in that cycle. What's next?

No later than one day after leaving the ovary, the egg must be fertilized. We add 1 day to ovulation, we get 1 DPO (day after ovulation) or 15 day of the cycle (for a 28-day cycle).

For 3-4 days, the fertilized egg moves through the fallopian tube into the uterus. It enters the uterus on the 5th DPO or the 19th day of the cycle.

The embryo (in which at this moment there are already about a hundred cells) needs 3-4 days to attach to the wall of the uterus. If everything went well, then at a maximum of 9 DPO or on the 23rd day of the cycle, the embryo will attach to the uterus (by the way, a certain number of pregnancies are interrupted already at this stage - if a normally fertilized egg simply could not attach to the uterine wall. This may be one of the reasons infertility ... Therefore, girls who cannot get pregnant for a long time in the absence of problems with the cycle must undergo a check of the endometrium of the uterus with a gynecologist).

So, after the embryo has attached, its outer shell (chorion, which will later become the placenta) begins to secrete the coveted chorionic gonadotropin. It is this hormone that blocks the onset of the next menstruation.

Before implantation, its amount is approximately 0-5 units. HCG level by day of pregnancy approximately doubles every day. That is, if the first day after implantation it is equal on average to two units, on the second day after implantation it will be equal to 4, on the third 8, on the fourth 16, and, finally, on the 5th day after implantation it will exceed the threshold of 25 units and will be equal to 32 mIU / ml. Recall that we had implantation on the 9th DPO (23rd day of the cycle), add 5 days to this and get that the desired concentration will be reached on the 14th day after ovulation or on the 28th day of the cycle (that is, 1 day before the start of the expected menstruation) ...

But this is the concentration of the hormone in the blood! The right concentration HCG in urine by day after implantation lags behind that in the blood by about 1-2 days. That is, the test will be positive about 1-2 days of your missed period.

But there are ways to "cheat" a little and find out the information earlier. Here they are:

Buy highly sensitive tests (look at the box in the pharmacy. It should indicate that the sensitivity of the test is not 25 mIU / ml, but, for example, 10 or 15).
Collect more "concentrated" urine. The highest concentration will be in the morning urine, because it has been accumulating for a long time - that is why a pregnancy test should be done in the morning. And if you drink several glasses of water and do the test after that, the concentration of the hormone in the urine will be much lower.
Take a closer look at the test. Often, at very short periods, a very, very pale second strip is visible. If you notice such a "ghost" - it makes sense to repeat the test in a couple of days.
Well, or just do not conjure with urine, but go to an independent laboratory and take a blood test for chorionic gonadotropin there. Of the disadvantages of the method, it is more expensive (the price of an analysis for hCG in Moscow is about 500-700 rubles, and the price of a pregnancy test is about 150).

Test positivity calculator.

To simplify calculations, we have created for youHCG calculator.Enter your cycle length in the box below and the calculator will calculate, on which day the pregnancy test will show a positive result.


21 days - cycle length	ovulation occurred on the ‍7th day of the cycle	on the ‍8 day of the cycle, conception occurred	implantation occurred on the 1st to 7th day of the cycle	on day 2-2 of the cycle, a blood test for hCG will show a positive result	on days 2-4 of the cycle, the test will show a positive result	22 days - cycle length	ovulation occurred on the ‍8th day of the cycle	on the ‍9 day of the cycle, conception occurred	implantation occurred on the 1st to 8th day of the cycle	on the 2-3rd day of the cycle, a blood test for hCG will show a positive result	on days 2-5 of the cycle, the test will show a positive result	23 days - cycle length	ovulation occurred on day 9 of the cycle	on the ‍10th day of the cycle, conception occurred	implantation occurred on the 1st to 9th day of the cycle	on day 2-4 of the cycle, a blood test for hCG will show a positive result	on day 2-6 of the cycle, the test will show a positive result	24 days - cycle length	ovulation occurred on the ‍10th day of the cycle	on the ‍11th day of the cycle, conception occurred	implantation occurred on the 2‍0 day of the cycle	on day 2-5 of the cycle, a blood test for hCG will show a positive result	on the 2-7 day of the cycle, the test will show a positive result	25 days - cycle length	ovulation occurred on the ‍11th day of the cycle	on the ‍12th day of the cycle, conception occurred	implantation occurred on day 2-1 of the cycle	on day 2-6 of the cycle, a blood test for hCG will show a positive result	on day 2-8 of the cycle, the test will show a positive result	26 days - cycle length	ovulation occurred on day 12 of the cycle	on the ‍13th day of the cycle, conception occurred	implantation occurred on the 2nd-2nd day of the cycle	on day 2-7 of the cycle, a blood test for hCG will show a positive result	on day 2-9 of the cycle, the test will show a positive result	27 days - cycle length	ovulation occurred on day ‍13 of the cycle	on the ‍14th day of the cycle, conception occurred	implantation occurred on the 2-3rd day of the cycle	on day 2-8 of the cycle, a blood test for hCG will show a positive result	on day 3‍0 of the cycle, the test will show a positive result	28 days - cycle length	ovulation occurred on the ‍14th day of the cycle	on the ‍15th day of the cycle, conception occurred	implantation occurred on days 2-4 of the cycle	on day 2-9 of the cycle, a blood test for hCG will show a positive result	on day 3-1 of the cycle, the test will show a positive result	29 days - cycle length	ovulation occurred on the ‍15th day of the cycle	on the ‍16th day of the cycle, conception occurred	implantation occurred on days 2-5 of the cycle	on day 3‍0 of the cycle, a blood test for hCG will show a positive result	on the 3rd-2nd day of the cycle, the test will show a positive result	30 days - cycle length	ovulation occurred on the ‍16th day of the cycle	on the ‍17th day of the cycle, conception occurred	implantation occurred on the 2-6th day of the cycle	on day 3-1 of the cycle, a blood test for hCG will show a positive result	on the 3rd-3rd day of the cycle, the test will show a positive result	31 days - cycle length	ovulation occurred on the ‍17th day of the cycle	on the ‍18th day of the cycle, conception occurred	implantation occurred on the 2-7 day of the cycle	on the 3rd-2nd day of the cycle, a blood test for hCG will show a positive result	on the 3-4th day of the cycle, the test will show a positive result	32 days - cycle length	ovulation occurred on ‍18 day of the cycle	on the ‍19 day of the cycle, conception occurred	implantation occurred on days 2-8 of the cycle	on the 3rd-3rd day of the cycle, a blood test for hCG will show a positive result	on the 3-5th day of the cycle, the test will show a positive result	33 days - cycle length	ovulation occurred on ‍19 day of the cycle	on the ‍20 day of the cycle, conception occurred	implantation occurred on the 3‍0 day of the cycle	on day 3-4 of the cycle, a blood test for hCG will show a positive result	on day 3-6 of the cycle, the test will show a positive result	34 days - cycle length	ovulation occurred on day ‍20 of the cycle	on the ‍21 day of the cycle, conception occurred	implantation occurred on day 3-1 of the cycle	on the 3-5th day of the cycle, a blood test for hCG will show a positive result	on the 3rd-7th day of the cycle, the test will show a positive result	35 days - cycle length	ovulation occurred on day 21 of the cycle	on the ‍22 day of the cycle, conception occurred	implantation occurred on the 3rd-2nd day of the cycle	on day 3-6 of the cycle, a blood test for hCG will show a positive result	on the 3rd-8th day of the cycle, the test will show a positive result

And also a table of hCG by days after ovulation:


The day after ovulation	HCG level in the blood	HCG level in urine	1 (Conception)	0-5	0-5	2	0-5	0-5	3	0-5	0-5	4	0-5	0-5	5	0-5	0-5	6	0-5	0-5	7	0-5	0-5	8	0-5	0-5	9 (Implantation)	1	0-5	10	2	0-5	11	4	1	12	8	2	13	16	4	14	32 (Analysis is positive!)	8	15	64 (Analysis is positive!)	16	16	128 (Analysis is positive!)	32 (Test is positive!)	17	250 (Analysis is positive!)	64 (Test is positive!)	18	500 (Analysis is positive!)	128 (Test is positive!)	19	> 1000 (Анализ положителен!) !}	256 (Test is positive!)

/ * Here you can add custom CSS for the current table * / / * Lean more about CSS: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cascading_Style_Sheets * / / * To prevent the use of styles to other tables use "# supsystic-table-5 "as a base selector for example: # supsystic-table-5 (...) # supsystic-table-5 tbody (...) # supsystic-table-5 tbody tr (...) * /

Output. On what day will the pregnancy test show a positive result?

Let's summarize all of the above.

How long before your period can you take a pregnancy test?

2-3 days before your period, if you use a highly sensitive test and morning urine. However, the most reliable results are at the end of the first week of delay.

And some of the most common questions a girl has in connection with pregnancy tests:

The delay is already too long and the test is still negative, how long to wait?

If the date of the last ovulation is known, and more than 21 days have passed since its moment, and the test is negative, then it is worth visiting a gynecologist to exclude the possibility of an ectopic pregnancy, especially if symptoms such as pain or spotting are present.

On what day will the pregnancy test test positive if the cycle is irregular?

If your cycle is irregular, calculate the latest date of expected ovulation. Add the length of your longest cycle to your last period and subtract 14. This will be your ovulation date for that cycle. Add about 15-16 days to this date - at this time the test should already show the correct result.

What does it mean if in a pregnancy test one strip is bright and the other is pale?

You are most likely pregnant. Repeat the test 1-2 days later, on morning urine.

That's all. I hope we were able, if not to answer all your questions, then at least to give an idea of how my mother's body works in the early stages of pregnancy. If you have any questions, you can ask them in the comments. And if you have already found two strips on your test, then we advise you to read the article: “I'm pregnant. 5 things to do early in pregnancy ”

When a couple is trying to conceive a child, women usually begin to get nervous with impatience before the delay and are tormented by the question whether it worked or not. Some buy a bunch of tests and carry out diagnostics every day, wanting to find the cherished stripes indicating a pregnant result. But test devices are often unable to detect conception so early. It is especially important for such impatient individuals to know on what day after conception the test will show pregnancy, so as not to torment themselves and their spouse with meaningless doubts and useless testing.

All test products work on a similar principle:

Certain areas on them are impregnated with a chemical reagent;
The control value strip appears whenever biomaterial (i.e. urine) gets on it. It is needed to confirm that the test is working;
The device can show a test strip only when chorionic gonadotropin, a pregnancy hormone, is present in the urine.

HCG is found in urine only in pregnant women after the actual attachment of the egg to the endometrium, which occurs approximately 3-14 days after the ovulatory period. Therefore, all manufacturers of such express diagnostic tools warn that only with a delay can a pregnancy test be done.

Any of the existing home tests will be able to detect hCG at a concentration above 25 units. The hormone reaches similar indicators approximately on the fifth day after the female fertilized cell is fixed in the uterus. Egg implantation can occur as early as three days after ovulation, then the test will detect conception a few days before the delay. But in cases where the consolidation took place after two weeks, it will be possible to confirm conception through home express diagnostics only after a delay.

Optimal timing of express diagnostics

It makes no sense to test a week after ovulation, since at such times no test is able to detect pregnancy. It is impossible to calculate the presence of pregnancy during this period by blood, because the circulatory system and the egg do not have any relationship. But a woman can suspect an interesting situation a week after conception due to specific changes occurring in her body these days, for example, excessive swelling and swelling of the mammary glands, sudden changes in the psycho-emotional state from euphoria to hysteria, taste changes or lack of appetite.

These symptoms are typical of premenstrual syndrome, but they also characterize the onset of pregnancy. But it is still impossible to confirm or deny the fertilization that happened, so you have to be patient. When the required period after the ovulatory period expires, a diagnosis can be made.

It is useful to know how many days after conception a diagnosis can be made. Experts consider the next day after the start of the delay to be the most optimal time for research. Latency is considered the very criterion when it is possible to obtain reliable results. But even on these days, doubts can arise when the second dash on the strip is barely noticeable.

Rules of conduct

So, a cherished meeting of sperm with a cell took place in the tubes, after which it goes to the uterine cavity, in which it must gain a foothold. And yet, from what day of conception will pregnancy be determined? Experts remind that hCG increases so much that it is shown by home express diagnostics, only after the zygote is fixed in the uterus, that is, after a week after fertilization. For testing to be error-free, it is recommended to follow a number of guidelines.

Buy quality test strips and other home diagnostics. A test that does not show a single strip is rejected, it is damaged or expired.
Delay does not always indicate an interesting position. Even healthy women may experience a disruption in their cycle, especially after 30, which is due to problems with the ovaries. Therefore, there is no need to criticize the negative result of the test carried out from the first day of the delay.
Remember to read the instructions. Even if you know exactly how to use the test tool. Different manufacturers may have different research requirements, which will immediately affect the reliability of the results.
It is quite possible to become pregnant during menstruation, therefore, if there is a delay after such sexual contact, then you should suspect that something was wrong and undergo a home express test.
You can measure the level of basal temperature for several days. If her indicators exceed the 37-degree mark, then this may indicate a positive result, that is, pregnancy.

If there are doubts about the test results, then it is necessary to sign up for a gynecological examination with a blood test to determine the amount of chorionic gonadotropin. In addition, ultrasound diagnostics are prescribed, which will tell for sure whether the patient is pregnant or not.

Test decoding

Test products are actively used by most modern women, they are available in any pharmacy and do not cause any difficulties in application. We found that after conception, you can do the test after about a week. But it is better to examine urine for hCG on the second or third day after the delay.

A false positive reaction often occurs, especially with an insufficient level of chorionic gonadotropin, which is associated with an early gestation period. The error can be shown by a faulty device, low quality or expired. If you neglect the instructions for using test devices or use a portion of non-morning urine for diagnostics, then errors are also likely.

If there is a pregnancy, and the test devices cannot determine it, revealing a negative indicator, then the reasons for the error may be due to the low quality of the reagents used in the manufacture of the test, ectopic pregnancy, etc.

Other tests for pregnancy

In addition to testing to determine conception, many couples who are trying to conceive for a long time do a compatibility test for conception. This is a post-coital study that must meet a number of requirements.

Three to five days before testing, spouses need to give up sexual intercourse.
The study should be carried out in a couple of days or directly during the ovulatory period. Therefore, you first need to identify the exact date of ovulation, for which experts recommend using basal measurements or special strips to calculate the ovulatory period.
After completing sexual intercourse, a woman should lie down calmly. You can go to the shower, but absolutely not to wash yourself.

The essence of the postcoital compatibility test is that a biosample of cervical mucus is taken from a woman after a 6-12 hour period after sexual intercourse. Such a diagnosis allows one to determine the specificity of sperm motility, the quantity and quality of the seed biomaterial, the structure of cervical mucous secretions. It is better to conduct several such studies, because there is a high probability of a shift in the ovulatory period, which leads to erroneous results.

If the mucous membrane captures more than 20 sperm, then the sexual partners are perfectly compatible. Incompatibility is determined when the test shows a negative attitude of the mucous membrane, although in itself it has excellent characteristics.

Such testing is simply necessary for couples who for a long time cannot safely conceive a baby. A woman monthly conducts a bunch of tests to determine pregnancy, but she cannot wait for two strips. According to statistics, the reasons for such idiopathic infertility lie in the banal incompatibility of sexual partners. The likelihood of such a diagnosis is especially high in spouses who have excellent health, but cannot achieve pregnancy. Such couples need to do a test of this kind.

Scientists have proven that if a couple has genetic matches, then the risks of pathologies of genetic origin in their baby increase. This factor explains why blood relatives have children with various pathologies. Therefore, common genes can also be considered as incompatibility of sexual partners according to hereditary principles.

You can only do a pregnancy test and compatibility testing of spouses on certain days of the cycle. This is the only way to obtain data of the most accurate nature, and not an erroneous result.

Of course, the pregnancy process is exciting for every woman. But a lot of stress is brought by the first weeks of waiting and the constant question: am I pregnant or not.

In each cycle, a woman has only 6 days to become pregnant: 5 days before ovulation and 2 days after it. So how do you know how long it is already possible to determine your pregnancy? What methods of definition are available and effective? I am often asked such questions in the comments on the site, so I will tell you in detail.

Even if you are sure that in this cycle you have determined the time of ovulation and have done everything to fertilize the egg, this does not mean that a couple of days after the intended conception you need to go to the pharmacy for a test and the next day to the gynecologist with complaints of infertility. Pregnancy can be detected after the secretion of hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) is triggered, and this launch does not occur before the egg is fixed to the uterine wall.

How many days after PA can a pregnancy test be done?

There are 2 types of tests that will help you determine whether to start preparing for the arrival of a new family member.

Blood test

This method will help to quickly determine the presence of pregnancy.

Positive moment: You can donate blood as early as 7-12 days after the intended conception.

Negative point: testing takes about a day (the timing of obtaining the result varies, depending on the laboratory).

Usually, the qualitative and quantitative hCG is determined: the first will show the presence of this hormone in general, and the second indicator will indicate the exact number for determining the period.

In general, if you are pregnant, a blood test will show a positive result 3-4 days after direct implantation or 9-10 days after fertilization and ovulation.

Analysis of urine

This test is easy to use and shows results in 5 minutes. This is definitely a huge plus.

The disadvantage of such tests is that they will not always show you a reliable result. The manufacturers claim that the test can be performed 24-48 hours before the delay. But in fact, no more than 25% of pregnant women who did the test 2 days before the onset of the expected menstruation received 2 strips on it. Under the same conditions, 1 day before the delay, already 40% of expectant mothers confirmed their position with the help of such a test. But still, this number is quite low. It turns out that women received unreliable information and could rely on its result.

On average, most women get a second strip on the test about 2 weeks (13-14 days) after ovulation. Those. just the day of the delay.

IMPORTANT! Despite the research carried out, there are cases that the test shows a positive result only 3 weeks after ovulation. We indicate these data for the reason that often the result on the day of delay is negative and the woman is 100% sure of this, but it is imperative to double-check or donate blood for hCG.

Do the tests always show the correct result?

Manufacturers indicate on the packaging of a home pregnancy test the effectiveness is equal to 99%. But this is far from the case. All studies that confirm this figure were carried out 3 weeks after ovulation, i.e. 7 days after the delay. But in the early stages, the test often shows one strip, which confuses the expectant mother.

You can find out the reasons why the most common test may turn out to be false positive in.

Here are the reasons for a false negative test:

test done too early;
the test has expired;
you do not follow the instructions for use;
you are not using morning urine.

What factors influence test results

Duration of implantation... Despite the fact that the test result depends on the presence of the pregnancy hormone (hCG), long periods of implantation can lead to negative results, since the movement of a fertilized egg to the wall of the uterus takes about 7 days. Therefore, if you test too early, be prepared to get a negative result.

HCG level in urine... The score may decrease if you drink too much liquid. In concentrated urine, the hCG level is higher and the test result is accurate.

Sensitivity of a home pregnancy test... Read the test instructions and compare the sensitivity of several products of this type: the higher it is, the sooner and more accurately you will know the answer to your question.

Other methods for determining pregnancy

Basal temperature

Minuses: it is necessary to measure BT for 3-4 cycles, to have a more or less stable menstrual cycle.

pros: if you measure BT for several days after the delay, then it will invariably be higher than normal - this will most likely indicate pregnancy, but you must take into account the "disadvantages" of this method.

Ultrasound

Minuses: in the first weeks of pregnancy, it makes no sense to use this study, an ultrasound specialist is unlikely to see a fertilized egg, which is still very small; in addition, I insist that it is impossible to disturb the embryo at the stage of formation, and this is done only according to the strict indications of the attending physician.

pros: you can be sure that you do not have an ectopic pregnancy, and the presence of the second strip on the test is not a consequence of hormonal disorders.

Instructions

The principle of the pregnancy test is the ability of the test strip to respond to an increase in the concentration of chorionic gonadotropin in the blood. Normally, in a woman who, the content of hCG in the blood is minimal. It is not sufficient to interact with the reagent with which the test strip is impregnated.

Within a few days after the embryo is attached to the wall of the uterus, the woman's body begins to produce a specific hormone - chorionic gonadotropin. It becomes possible to determine an increase in its concentration in the blood by donating blood for analysis within 7-9 days after conception. A home pregnancy test usually starts to test positive on the first day of your missed period. Earlier, it makes little sense to carry out an express analysis, since the concentration of the hormone in the blood is low, as a result of which there is a high risk of obtaining an unreliable result.

An increase in the concentration of hCG in the blood occurs until about 12 weeks of gestation. Every few days it increases 2-3 times compared to the previous indicator. Further, it will begin to gradually decrease. This does not mean at all that at some stage the test will stop showing a positive result.

Typically, the test does not start to show a negative result until some time after giving birth. The rate of decrease in the concentration of hCG in the blood is individual for each case, therefore, in some situations, the test is positive even a few weeks after childbirth.

note

If in the early stages of pregnancy the test begins to show a negative result, this may indicate quite serious deviations. By reducing the concentration of hCG in the blood in the first trimester, it is possible to preliminarily diagnose the existence of a threat of spontaneous abortion and even fetal death.

Helpful advice

When choosing a pregnancy test, you need to pay attention to its expiration date. Violation of the term and storage regime may cause the result of the express analysis to be unreliable.

Advice 2: How to determine pregnancy if the test does not show

Choosing protected sex, you frivolously exclude unpleasant surprises from your life, including unplanned ones. But a lot of girls trusting the results test, despite the absence of the notorious two stripes, they still happily became mothers. What to do if the test you made pregnancy not confirmed, but premonitions suggest otherwise and to determine exactly whether you are pregnant or not - is it necessary?

Instructions

Be sure to use tests from different manufacturers, as different tests are known to have different levels of sensitivity and quality. So, the results of one test(more often the cheaper one) may contradict the results of the other. In addition, do not forget that any test will show a result only after fertilization, which occurs about 5-7 days.

Try to analyze and write down the differences that have happened to your body lately. For example, if you have low back pain or nausea that you haven't experienced before, this should alert you. But, similar ones can accompany a number of other diseases, so do not rush to conclusions and it is better to consult a doctor.

Keep in mind that it is possible to clearly determine whether you are pregnant or not only at a later date. This, of course, does not mean at all that you will have to live in fear for several weeks. According to psychologists, some women, even those who do not yet have, feel that they are already pregnant at a fairly short time. How they manage it is great, but they all refer to the fact that some time after conception they felt sensations unfamiliar before that time in the lower abdomen.

Measure your basal temperature daily from the first day of your period. Temperatures from 37 ° C and above, combined with the absence of menstruation, give rise to thoughts that you are still pregnant.

Despite the existence of very diverse and sometimes absurd methods of definition, the most clear and correct is still the absence of menstruation. Of course, each woman has her own individual characteristics of the body and sometimes a delay can occur due to illness, overwork or stress, but still absolutely all doctors agree on one thing - the absence of menstruation is the main indicator of pregnancy.

Take into account the fact that it often happens that a woman feels all the symptoms of pregnancy on herself, but at the same time she is not at all preparing to become a mother. Why? Yes, because all women are suspicious by nature and the slightest problem situation captures them so much that they quite clearly begin to feel themselves. But be that as it may, whether you are pregnant or falsely pregnant, only the doctor can tell.

Changes in the concentration of chorionic gonadotropin in biological fluids

After implantation of the embryo into the wall of the uterus, its active development begins. At the same time, the body is rebuilt, the hormonal background changes. One of the signs of pregnancy is an increase in the concentration of chorionic gonadotropin in the urine and blood. Before its onset, hCG is contained in biological fluids in minimal amounts.

After implantation of the embryo into the wall of the uterus, during each subsequent week, the concentration of hCG in the blood and urine increases exponentially. In order to establish the presence of pregnancy, you can donate blood for the presence of a specific hormone within 4-6 days after conception.

A home rapid test for determining hCG in urine has a much lower sensitivity to gonadotropin. It can be carried out only from the first days of delayed menstruation, but not earlier. Only in this case, you can count on obtaining a reliable result.

A blood test for hCG is the most accurate method for diagnosing pregnancy and the nature of its course. There are certain tables in which all the values of the concentration of hCG are prescribed, which are characteristic for a particular period. If the indicators obtained as a result of the analysis differ significantly from the norm, this may indicate the presence of certain violations.

How long can you donate blood for hCG?

Women at risk are forced to periodically donate blood for hCG. This is necessary in order to track the dynamics of an increase or decrease in the concentration of the hormone in biological fluids. Deviations of indicators from the norm can be associated with serious pathologies.

An insufficient increase in the concentration of chorionic gonadotropin in the blood in the early stages of pregnancy may indicate the existing threat of spontaneous termination. Cessation of growth or even a decrease in the concentration of hCG in the blood may indicate the death of the fetus.

It makes sense to do an analysis for hCG only before the 7th pregnancy. After this period, the level of the hormone begins to gradually decrease. At the same time, the rate of its decrease may slightly differ in individual cases.

For a period of more than 7-9 weeks, there is no need to donate blood for hCG also because during this period, pregnancy is already, as a rule, established, and its development can be tracked by the results of ultrasound studies, which is more informative.

Blood for hCG is subsequently donated once only at 12-14 weeks of gestation. In this case, an ultrasound scan is additionally prescribed, since the necessary data on the development of the fetus can be obtained only by simultaneously carrying out both types of diagnostics and comparing their results.

At some point in life, a woman may begin to feel suspicious of pregnancy.

The first thing that can be done in such a situation is to purchase a special test at the pharmacy, which, in an indication form, will show the likelihood that a woman will soon become a mother.

In some cases, when the content of chorionic gonadotropin is still too small for it to show the correct result.

If fertilization happened very recently, it is possible. In this case, you will need to do another test a few days later.

Fertilization is a complex process that takes place at the cellular level. For a woman, it proceeds completely imperceptibly.

(even before the delay) may appear after the egg after fertilization has reached the uterus and attached to it.

Usually, the uterus is attached a week after conception. The fertilized egg merges with the wall of the uterus (its upper part) on days 21-23 of the menstrual cycle.

A fertilized egg already consists of several cells, which merge into a single whole. They divide and form a whole cell cluster. As the cells grow, the size of the egg also increases.

As a result, one of them will become the embryo, and the rest will be used to nourish and protect it throughout pregnancy.

Changing hCG levels

HCG is a human chorionic gonadotropin (hormone). Immediately after the transfer of a fertilized egg to the uterine wall, it is formed in the body of the expectant mother. The hormone is needed by the body until the placenta is formed. In the initial stages, it stimulates the production of other important hormones.

It is one of the most detailed analyzes in the twelfth week. For this, urine tests are performed. A pregnancy test can be used.

Hormonal levels change as pregnancy progresses. Until 12 weeks, it grows (doubles every 48 hours), and then there is a sharp decline.

The information is reflected in the table below.

Gestational age	HCG level
0 - 1	5 - 25
1 - 2	25 - 156
2 - 3	101 - 4870
3 - 4	1110 - 31500
4 - 5	2560 - 82300
5 - 6	23100 - 151000
6 - 7	27300 - 233000
7 - 11	20900 - 291000
11 - 15	6140 - 103000

differ not only in their functionality, price and appearance.

The main selection criterion for all pregnancy tests is sensitivity.

It depends on this indicator on what day after ovulation a test should be done to confirm pregnancy

Tests with standard sensitivity from 25 mIU / ml.

The larger the figure characterizing the test, the less sensitive it has.

These include test strips and cassette tests. And also digital tests that show the gestational age, in particular the famous Clearblue Digital test.

Tests with medium sensitivity from 15 to 25 mIU / ml, for example Fraytest.
Supersensitive tests with values from 10 to 15 mIU / ml.

An example is the Insure test (sensitivity 12.5 mIU / ml) or the Ambulance test (sensitivity 10 mIU / ml), which has recently appeared on the pharmaceutical market.

Sensitive tests can show pregnancy up to 5-7 days before the delay.

The test in the form of paper strips is the most affordable option for detecting pregnancy. They are impregnated with a substance that responds to changes in the hCG hormone.

The principle of test strips is extremely simple. The strip is immersed in a container of urine for a few seconds. Then you need to wait 5-7 minutes and you can watch the result.

When two red streaks appear, there is a high chance of pregnancy. After conducting such testing, it does not hurt to use more modern means or undergo an ultrasound scan.

Uneven distribution of the reagent over the strip surface may give an incorrect result.

Cassette or flatbed tests are also standard tests. They do not need to be immersed in the reagent container. These tests are cases with paper strips enclosed in them.

A small amount of reagent is enough for a strip using a pipette, and the result can be seen in a special window after 3-4 minutes. The urine comes into contact with a reagent already in the test.

High-sensitivity inkjet tests contain special reagents that, when chorionic gonadotropin is detected in female urine, can show a reliable result within a minute.

No containers or pipettes are required to apply urine. This is an accurate and convenient way to detect pregnancy.

As for digital tests, they are expensive, and they provide the same amount of information.

Unless the term is additionally calculated in weeks. Electronic tests are equipped with special intelligent sensors. If the result is positive, a "+" sign and the gestational age in weeks will appear in the window.

For how long can the test be done: how many weeks does it start to show an accurate result?

After the egg has met with the sperm in the fallopian tube and conception has occurred, active cell division begins in the ovum, and the zygote itself moves towards the uterus.

The fertilized egg descends into the uterine cavity only on the 6-7th day. For another 2 days, the embryo can be in a suspended state, and then deeper into the endometrium.

From this moment, the level of hCG in the woman's body begins to rise.

Considering that human chorionic gonadotropin doubles every 2 days, the most sensitive test will show pregnancy 10-12 days after ovulation.

Standard tests (sensitivity 25 mIU / ml) show pregnancy only from the first day of delay. But in this case, the test can show a negative result, in case of menstrual irregularities or late ovulation.

Regardless of the sensitivity, the test will show an accurate result only on the 3-4th day of the delay in the menstrual cycle.

All test results before the delay are considered relative. Although with a positive result, the chances are high that the long-awaited pregnancy has come.

Does the test always show an existing pregnancy?

Often, when self-determining pregnancy through a test, the result may turn out to be false-positive, that is, when another study is carried out, it will not be confirmed. The test will show two stripes if there is no conception of the child.

An unreliable result may be the result of taking special drugs with a high content of the hCG hormone or the presence of trophoblastic neoplasms.

Results may be false positive after a recent, spontaneous miscarriage or abortion. In this case, even with menstruation, the test may show pregnancy.

The fact is that during this period of time in the body there is still an increased content of chronic gonadotropin. Therefore, the results will be false.

You can specify the data and highlight the main reasons for a false positive result:

the use of funds with hCG. For example, Pregnil, Profazi and others.
the presence of tumors;
slight elimination of soft tissue after early abortion.

Is the test always true: when the test may not show pregnancy?

Pregnancy test results can be false negative when the fertilization of the egg has occurred, but it was not recorded due to the low content of the hCG hormone in the body.

According to statistics, such results are obtained much more often than false positives.

Possible reasons for erroneous data:

Conducting the test a little earlier than the due date, when the body has not yet produced a sufficient amount of chronic gonadotropin.
Excessive use of diuretics or liquids prior to testing.
The test may not show pregnancy for a long time due to the pathological condition of the kidneys, heart and blood vessels, in which the hormone is practically not excreted in the urine in normal concentration.
An expired or corrupted test was used.

Determination of pregnancy is also possible in the early stages of conception, but only after the egg has attached to the uterus.

From this moment, a special hormone hCG can be found in the urine and blood of a woman. It is his presence that is shown by various tests, which differ in the level of sensitivity. Well, digital tests can immediately show the approximate timing on the display.

In certain situations, test results can be erroneous - false positive or false negative. It is necessary to use only high-quality medical products to detect pregnancy and not to test ahead of time.