Products for pregnant women in the early stages. What pregnant women should not eat during pregnancy: a list of products prohibited in the early stages

15.08.2019

Pregnancy is one of the most important periods in a woman's life. At this time, you have to limit yourself in many ways, get used to a different way of life. Many people wonder what pregnant women should not eat in the early stages, especially if there are preferences in any products.

Nutrition rules

The main thing that a future mother needs to remember is about a complete and balanced diet. Experts give general recommendations on its organization in early pregnancy, almost always give a list of prohibited and permitted products.

In the first trimester of pregnancy, you should especially monitor your well-being and nutrition, since it is at this time that the main organs of the baby are being formed - the brain, spine, heart, circulatory system. Therefore, it is important to instill in yourself the rule of a full and varied diet, and at the same time give up bad habits.

Proper nutrition means:

food should be varied, including meat products, vegetables, cereals, fish, fruits;
complete rejection of fast food, snacks and other similar products;
limit the volume of drinks containing caffeine, exclude sweet, carbonated water, purchased juices;
regular meals, implying fractional meals, at least 4 times a day, observing the regime, at the same time. Snacks with fruits, nuts, dairy products are allowed.

Requires the rejection of any diet, unless required for medical reasons. Doctors believe that no diet has a positive effect on the state of the body. The expectant mother needs to forget about them, at least throughout the entire pregnancy and during breastfeeding.

The expectant mother should take into account that she needs more vitamins and minerals than before pregnancy. But, the danger is both malnutrition and excessive consumption of food, which exposes the body to excessive stress. In addition, as a result of excessive nutrition, the baby may become overweight, which will lead to unnecessary difficulties during childbirth.

Prohibited drinks and foods

At the consultation with a doctor, you can find out what pregnant women should not eat and drink in early pregnancy.

Namely, these foods and drinks are not allowed for a healthy pregnant woman. In the presence of chronic diseases, nutrition should be adjusted taking into account the characteristics of the disease.

You can not eat in early pregnancy in large quantities food that can cause allergic reactions.

What should not be eaten by pregnant women in the early stages? There is a category of products that are undesirable to eat, or strictly limit their quantity.

Prohibited Products:

sausages (wieners, sausages, sausage);
mayonnaise and sauces based on it, mustard, ketchup;
legumes - beans, peas, beans that cause gas formation;
sweet carbonated drinks, store juices;
cakes, pastries, other sweets;
pickled vegetables and fruits.

In addition, you should not buy products that are sold in cuts and are not vacuum-packed.

Permitted drinks and foods

Throughout pregnancy, the child receives useful and not very trace elements from those foods and drinks that the expectant mother consumes. Therefore, it is important for a woman to know what pregnant women can drink in the early stages and what foods to eat.

What can you drink in early pregnancy? From drinks, experts advise to give preference to pure non-carbonated water, mineral water without gas is also allowed. Also, you can drink compotes, fruit drinks of your own preparation, with a small amount of sugar. It is allowed to independently prepare freshly squeezed juices from vegetables and fruits.

In the first trimester of pregnancy, it is especially necessary to consume the following foods:

beef meat, turkey, chicken, rabbit meat, low-fat pork. It is desirable to cook meat dishes in a double boiler, oven, or stew;
marine fish species - salmon, sardine, mackerel and other fatty fish. It is beneficial for both the development of the child and the health of the mother. It, in a considerable amount, contains protein, Omega - 3, vitamin D, and other trace elements. Eat fish dishes, it is recommended at least twice a week, steaming them in the oven;
cereals, bread with bran, durum wheat pasta. These foods contain fiber, carbohydrates, long-term absorption;
vegetables, berries and fruits. Doctors and nutritionists recommend using only those species that grow in the region where the woman lives. It is in this case, from their use will be the maximum benefit. Before eating them, it is recommended to clean the skin, in which pesticides accumulate.

Milk. Sour-milk and dairy products are useful, not high in fat, but not fat-free either. It is allowed to include butter, hard cheese in the menu in limited quantities. It is recommended to exclude processed cheese, dairy products with a long shelf life from the diet, due to the presence of a large amount of preservatives in them.

When preparing food, you should use different cutting boards for meat, fish, vegetables. Try to limit the consumption of fried foods.

Often, in the first trimester of pregnancy, a woman has a desire to consume any particular food or drink, or incompatible foods. This is a temporary phenomenon that passes quickly. The main thing is to clearly separate what can and cannot be categorically eaten, what foods and drinks are allowed in strictly limited quantities, and what food is necessary.

Each dish, even previously unloved, prepared with love and imagination, will be not only healthy, but also tasty. Proper and balanced nutrition will help to avoid unnecessary health problems for both the baby and the expectant mother.

Is it possible to do fasting days during pregnancy? What sports to do while expecting a baby? How can a pregnant woman avoid gaining extra pounds? These and other questions are answered in the article!

Obstetricians and gynecologists urge pregnant women to pay attention to their diet, reminding them that the main focus of the diet during pregnancy is to provide the body of the mother and child with nutrients, minerals and vitamins. The emphasis should be on the quality of the food, not the quantity. The allowable increase in the period of bearing a child is 9-15 kg. The task of every expectant mother is to keep weight under control, since excess body weight negatively affects the health of the baby and complicates the process of childbirth.

According to statistics, about 40% of women gain excess weight during pregnancy. This is not only an aesthetic defect, but also a risk factor contributing to the development of various diseases.

Losing weight in an “interesting position” is a risky business, but in some cases you can’t do without it. The main thing is to remember: regardless of the period, pregnant women should choose a menu that will allow them to lose excess without compromising their own well-being and the health of the child!

The dangers of being overweight

You can talk about overweight during gestation if, starting from the 16th week, the increase exceeds one kilogram in seven days. A solid fat layer on the body of a pregnant woman makes it difficult for doctors to assess the condition of the fetus and leads to the following consequences:

varicose veins;
diseases of the cardiovascular system;
diseases of the nervous system;
dysfunctions of the endocrine system;
hypertension;
hypercoagulation (increased activity of the blood coagulation system);
urinary tract infections;
increased load on the spine;
the threat of miscarriage;
indications for emergency caesarean section;
gestation of the fetus;
premature rupture of amniotic fluid;
giving birth to an overweight child.

Excess weight of the mother is detrimental to the health of the unborn child. The following developments are allowed:

oxygen starvation;
dissymmetry between the pelvis and head;
nutrient deficiency;
neurological diseases;
propensity to acquire extra pounds in the future.

A balanced diet for weight control

Carrying a child under her heart, a woman is obliged to follow the basic "food" rules of her position:

1. Control the quality of the products used, paying attention to their diversity.

2. Restore mineral and vitamin reserves. In addition to eating seasonal vegetables and fruits, you need to take vitamin complexes:

"Elevit" - contains magnesium, folic acid. It is recommended to take together with iodine-containing drugs. Take one tablet with meals;
Vitrum Prenatal Forte is a multivitamin preparation containing minerals. Additionally contains iodine. Taken on a tablet;
"Vitrum Prenatal" - contains vitamin A, iron, folic acid, magnesium. Taken on a tablet.

3. Eat foods to maintain normal bowel function.

4. Take care of a balanced diet.

A full supply of the body of the expectant mother and fetus with all the necessary substances - and there is a balanced diet. The daily energy value of foods in a woman's diet should be distributed as follows:

30% of the daily requirement is for breakfast;
10% allocated for second breakfast;
40% shown at lunch;
10% falls on an afternoon snack;
10% should be consumed at dinner.

All essential nutrients must be supplied in certain proportions in relation to each other and controlled in volume:

Proteins are the basis of the basics of the diet, an important "building material" involved in the formation of tissues and organs of the fetus. The daily norm ranges from 90-130 g (2 chicken eggs, 0.5 kg of cottage cheese, 0.1 kg of fish or meat).
Carbohydrates are the main source of energy. They affect the rate of metabolic processes and raise the level of internal glucose. The daily rate should not exceed 400 g. The excess leads to the growth of the subcutaneous fat layer. The lower limit is 350 g per day.
Fats are one of the most important components of food, a "golden reserve" of energy resources. Their contribution to the organization of a balanced diet is significant. The daily norm is 90-130 g (60 g of butter, 0.4 kg of lean meat, 8 eggs, 0.2 kg of sour cream). Excess fat is dangerous because it is the main cause of weight gain during pregnancy, being stored in the body in reserve.
Microelements. Especially significant is calcium, which is consumed by the body very intensively during pregnancy. This is due to its active participation in the construction of the bones of the child. The daily norm is 1.3 g. The diet during gestation should also contain iron. The daily norm is 18 mg. Among other things, zinc, magnesium and sodium are important.
Fiber is indispensable for the normal functioning of the intestines. Its presence in the diet is of particular importance in the later stages of gestation.

Mandatory points:

dairy products should be included in the diet: up to 200 g of milk (in the absence of allergies), about 200 g of yogurt or kefir, about 150 g of cottage cheese;
the menu should contain cereals cooked from cereals, and pasta from the highest grade of flour. Their consumption will reduce the amount of bread on the menu;
meat should be consumed daily and fish several times a week;
dishes should contain vegetable oils: olive, mustard, linseed;
the lower limit of fluid consumed per day is one and a half liters. A woman should consume not only water - herbal tea is allowed. It is useful to introduce freshly squeezed juices, homemade fruit drinks and compotes, rosehip broth into the menu.

It is better for a pregnant woman to eat at a strictly set time. Breakfast is recommended 1.5 hours after waking up. The last main meal should occur at least 3 hours before bedtime. A clear regimen will improve digestion and will prevent you from gaining extra pounds. You need to eat in equal parts from four to six times a day. This will eliminate the feeling of hunger, will not allow you to overdo it with a portion and reduce the desire to snack on junk food. It is better for a pregnant woman to undereat a little than to overeat!

From fatty foods, products of animal origin, pickles, flour products and pastries from shortbread and yeast dough, cakes with fatty butter creams, sweet carbonated drinks, it is appropriate to refuse.

Women who were overweight before pregnancy should opt for lean meats and low-fat dairy products. “Simple” carbohydrates found in rice, white pastries and sweets can be replaced with “complex” carbohydrates by switching to brown rice, dried beans, whole grain bread. Salt retains fluid in the body, so its consumption should be kept to a minimum.

Products

The following products restrain a woman's body from excessive weight gain, so they should be present on her table daily:

zucchini;
cabbage;
broccoli;
carrot;
pumpkin;
cucumbers;
tomatoes;
green onion.

plums;
apricots;
pears;
apples.

Dried fruits:

raisin;
prunes;
dried apricots.

cherries;
cherry;
watermelon;
melon;
grape;
kiwi.

Lean Meat:

beef;
turkey;
rabbit;
chicken.

How to cook

Foods for weight loss should be prepared in safe ways. The most acceptable is for a couple. It is good if there is a special device that allows you to save all the useful properties of food. No less useful dishes baked in the oven. Everything can be baked. For this, special paper or foil is used. Quenching is also shown. A useful method of cooking involves a long stay of food on low heat in a container with a lid. Very tasty in this way it turns out to cook meat and potatoes. Do not do without boiling.

Before each meal, a pregnant woman should drink a glass of clean water. This will improve the digestion process and allow you to eat less.

calories

For the healthy development of the fetus, a woman needs 300-400 kcal more than before pregnancy. It is by this amount that the energy costs of her body increase. On average, a pregnant woman should receive from 2000 to 2800 kcal / day. More does not mean good and absolutely not necessary for the normal course of pregnancy.

If a woman in an “interesting position” is shown bed rest, the daily calorie content of the diet is reduced by an average of 20%.

Menu for overweight

In the morning on an empty stomach: a glass of non-carbonated water.
10 minutes later: an apple.
For breakfast: a salad of sweet peppers, cucumbers and tomatoes, kefir or milk porridge (oatmeal, barley, buckwheat) with berries.
For a second breakfast: green or herbal tea, biscuit cookies or a piece of cheese.
For lunch: light soup, fish baked with vegetables or low-fat borscht with a piece of lean boiled meat.
For an afternoon snack: a glass of juice and a couple of walnuts or a glass of kefir with an apple.
For dinner: boiled chicken fillet and a light salad with olive oil dressing or low-fat cottage cheese with kefir and berries.
Before going to bed: grated apple and sugar-free carrots.

Can pregnant women go on a diet

With an excessive set of extra pounds, modern medicine does not exclude the use of pregnant diets that help stabilize weight and exclude its intensive growth. At the same time, doctors draw attention to the fact that bearing a child is not the right time for bold experiments and the use of popular diets. Absolutely forbidden:

Strict food restriction, starvation and mono-diets are harmful to the woman herself and her child. Exclusion from the diet of certain foods is fraught with insufficient receipt of vitamins and other important substances by the fetus.
Citrus diets, the menu of which is based on the use of tangerines, grapefruit, orange and their juice, develop the likelihood of allergic reactions in the newborn. The chocolate regimen, which involves the use of chocolate, coffee and cocoa derivatives, operates on the same principle.
Modes based on legumes (soybeans, beans, peas) contribute to an increase in protein in the body. Its decay products sometimes cause toxic reactions. Protein diets work similarly, and it is permissible to sit on them only for medical reasons and under the watchful supervision of physicians.
A diet based on blood-thinning berries (currants, strawberries, strawberries, viburnum, raspberries) can harm the fetus and even cause bleeding.
During pregnancy, the use of fat-burning cocktails and drinks to speed up metabolism is unacceptable. They can cause miscarriage.

A diet can be recommended to a pregnant woman in case of an increased level of salt in the body (established by clinical analysis), which leads to the accumulation of fluid in the tissues and the appearance of edema. Also, a doctor can prescribe a diet for pregnant women, aimed at solving a specific problem in a particular woman.

The benefits of diet during pregnancy

Proper nutrition is essential for having a healthy baby.
A special mode helps in maintaining the endurance of the expectant mother.
A special diet helps in the fight against a number of diseases.
Diet for weight loss contributes to the normalization of weight.

Diet by trimester

During certain periods of pregnancy, the mother's body behaves differently. It is important to follow a diet for pregnant women for weight loss that corresponds to the period of fetal development. So it will be possible to exclude the development of health problems and not gain too much.

1 trimester

Extra pounds are gained by women before the 12th week of bearing a child, while the emphasis should be placed not on the quantity, but on the quality of food. The diet should be based on proteins and vitamins. No more than 2000 kcal should be consumed daily.

In the diet of a diet for pregnant women to lose weight, you need to enter:

lean meat;
eggs;
green pea;
white and sea cabbage;
low-fat cheese and cottage cheese;
wholemeal bread;
liver;
fresh juices.

It is wise to avoid:

canned food;
carbonated drinks;
fast food;
crackers and chips;
coffee;
mustard and vinegar.

Menu by day

Monday

8:00 - muesli with the addition of medium-fat milk.
11:00 - low-fat yogurt.
13:00 - soup on lean broth.
16:00 - vegetable salad with olive oil.
19:00 - boiled rice and stewed cabbage.

8:00 - oatmeal milk porridge.
11:00 - a sandwich with a piece of butter.
13:00 - soup on low-fat fish broth.
16:00 - 100 grams of fat-free cottage cheese.
19:00 - liver with boiled pasta.
21:00 - some seaweed.

8:00 - 100 g of low-fat cottage cheese, green tea.
11:00 - tea with biscuit cookies.
13:00 - soup with vegetables.
16:00 - pear.
19:00 - chicken steam cutlet and mashed potatoes.
21:00 - low-fat yogurt.

8:00 - buckwheat milk porridge, freshly squeezed juice.
11:00 - yogurt.
13:00 - Broccoli and cauliflower soup, a slice of bread.
16:00 - apple.
19:00 - salad of tomato, avocado and spinach leaves, a piece of tuna.
21:00 - cranberry juice.

8:00 - a glass of ryazhenka, a piece of bread with a piece of cheese.
11:00 - orange.
13:00 - boiled pasta, steam cutlet, salad.
16:00 - a couple of walnuts.
19:00 - potatoes baked with sour cream, fish and tea.
21:00 - a handful of dried apricots.

8:00 - cheesecakes, herbal tea.
11:00 - a handful of dried apricots.
13:00 - chicken broth soup, bread.
16:00 - apple and carrot salad.
19:00 - salad with tomatoes and soft cheese with olive oil.
21:00 - a glass of skim milk.

Sunday

8:00 - oatmeal with milk, apple, juice.
11:00 - banana.
13:00 - chicken broth soup, tomato salad, tea.
16:00 - fruits.
19:00 - chicken cutlet, steamed vegetables.
21:00 - a glass of yogurt.

2 trimester

During the period of active growth of the fetus, the woman's body needs additional feeding. The daily diet for pregnant women is 2500 kcal. Starting from the 14th week, you should limit the consumption of sugar and confectionery. Vitamins D and E are important.

spinach;
dairy products;
butter;
egg yolk;
raisin;
sea fish liver.

Should be excluded:

fried and fatty foods;
spicy and smoked;
sausages.

Menu for the week

Monday

8:00 - boiled egg, sandwich with cheese and tomato.
11:00 - cottage cheese and raisins.
16:00 - yogurt.
19:00 - vegetable and avocado salad.
21:00 - a glass of rosehip broth.

8:00 - milk oatmeal.
11:00 - nuts, banana and apple.
13:00 - soup with chicken broth and cauliflower.
16:00 - 100 g of cottage cheese.
19:00 - stew with lean meat.
21:00 - a glass of yogurt.

8:00 - omelet.
11:00 - low-fat yogurt.
13:00 - fish soup.
16:00 - apple.
19:00 - porridge with milk.
21:00 - fruits.

8:00 - cheesecakes with sour cream and raisins.
11:00 - a handful of walnuts.
13:00 - lentil soup.
16:00 - apple.
19:00 - boiled rice and a piece of baked chicken without skin, tea.
21:00 - a glass of yogurt.

8:00 - scrambled eggs and a slice of bread with a tomato.
11:00 - tomato juice.
13:00 - stew with a piece of lean meat.
16:00 - seasonal fruit.
19:00 - boiled pasta and tomato juice.
21:00 - tea.

8:00 - 100 g of cottage cheese, berries.
11:00 - a piece of hard cheese, a loaf.
13:00 - buckwheat, a slice of baked beef, vegetable salad, tea.
16:00 - freshly squeezed juice.
19:00 - baked fish, tomato.
21:00 - a glass of low-fat milk.

Sunday

8:00 - corn porridge in milk, a handful of dried apricots.
11:00 - low-fat yogurt.
13:00 - cabbage soup, cucumber and tomato salad.
16:00 - a handful of nuts or raisins.
19:00 - squash pancakes, sour cream, rosehip broth.
21:00 - a glass of yogurt.

In the second trimester, a woman should be careful with allergen products. Their consumption should be rare. Exotic fruits, citrus fruits and strawberries can be consumed, but if possible in modest portions.

3rd trimester

During this period, it is better not to overeat. Despite the need for carbohydrates, you should not lean on too high-calorie foods. The energy value of food should not exceed 2800 kcal per day.

fruits;
nuts;
vegetable soups;
steam fish;
boiled meat.

Should be excluded:

fats and lard;
fried foods;
yolk;
pickles;
gravy;
vegetable and butter.

In the third trimester, you need to limit your water intake - no more than a liter during the day. The rule also applies to liquid foods, including soups. Several times a week it is useful to arrange fasting days. This will restore the body tone and prepare it for the upcoming birth.

Weekly menu

Monday

8:00 - porridge with milk.
11:00 - dried fruits.
13:00 - soup on vegetable broth.
16:00 - kefir.
19:00 - steam chicken cutlet, buckwheat porridge.
21:00 - fruits.

8:00 - dry biscuits, tea.
11:00 - fruit.
13:00 - boiled pasta, salad.
16:00 - tomato, olives, spinach.
19:00 - dietary pilaf.
21:00 - kefir.

8:00 - sandwich with butter, tea.
11:00 - salad of 1 egg and seaweed.
13:00 - fish soup.
16:00 - 100 g fat-free cottage cheese.
19:00 - a piece of baked lean meat, mashed potatoes.
21:00 - juice.

8:00 - boiled egg, bread, a piece of butter, herbal tea.
11:00 - fruit.
13:00 - borscht.
16:00 - pear.
19:00 - salad with egg, tuna and rice.
21:00 - fruits.

8:00 - low-fat cottage cheese with berries.
11:00 - freshly squeezed orange juice.
13:00 - beef stew with vegetables, tea.
16:00 - dried fruits.
19:00 - rice with carrots and onions.
21:00 - kefir.

8:00 - oatmeal and dried apricots.
11:00 - salmon sandwich.
13:00 - pumpkin soup, a piece of baked chicken breast.
16:00 - fruit juice.
19:00 - rice and a piece of baked fish.
21:00 - ryazhenka.

Sunday

8:00 - cheesecakes and sour cream.
11:00 - a handful of nuts.
13:00 - pasta, fish steam cutlet, vegetables.
16:00 - fruits.
19:00 - cabbage rolls with low-fat sour cream.
21:00 - milk.

Special diets for pregnant women

During childbearing, a doctor may recommend a special diet for a woman, focused on her state of health. The diet of each diet for pregnant women for weight loss is balanced, so nutrition systems help to monitor the number of kilograms gained.

Protein

The diet is high in protein. It is indicated for pregnant women with a rapid set of kilograms, as it helps to control their growth and reduce excess. It is important for a future mother to eat milk, meat, eggs, consuming about 120 grams of protein per day. Carbohydrates are also shown - up to 400 g per day.

Excluded:

sugar;
condensed milk;
cakes;
chocolate;
fresh bread.

The intervals between meals are about three hours.

Chicken and quail eggs are an indispensable source of protein. During pregnancy, cooked “in a bag” are better absorbed. It is not necessary to cover the daily requirement for protein with eggs - they can cause allergies.

The protein diet for pregnant women has obvious advantages:

No strict dietary restrictions.
Improving metabolism.
Burning fat reserves.
Strengthening the uterus and placenta.
Sufficient saturation.

sample menu

It is recommended to make a diet for pregnant women in such a way that the morning starts with carbohydrates, which perfectly saturate and give the body energy to digest food. Lunch is good to make up high-calorie dishes that can relieve hunger for a long time. In the evening, only protein foods are preferred.

1 trimester: bran flakes with milk, a slice of rye bread, tea.
2nd trimester: apple, muesli and yogurt, chamomile tea.
3rd trimester: curdled milk, milk porridge.

1 t-r: milk and biscuit biscuits.
2 tr: ryazhenka, prunes.
3 tr: a piece of cheese, whole grain bread.

1 t-r: soup with weak chicken broth, a piece of baked fish, yogurt.
2 tr: lentil soup, boiled meat, seaweed salad, juice.
3 tr: soup on a weak vegetable broth, tuna salad, a piece of baked chicken breast, rosehip broth.

1 tr: biscuit biscuits and tea.
2 tr: almonds and banana.
3 tr: yogurt and apple.

1 t-r: rice, a piece of baked meat, milk pudding.
2 tr: grilled fish, tomato, yogurt.
3 tr: rice, boiled fish, fermented baked milk.

Before bedtime

1 tr: kefir.
2 tr: fat-free kefir.
3 tr: fat-free kefir.

The diet can only be used under the supervision of a doctor, as excessive protein intake and the desire to lose weight can result in an increase in the load on the liver and kidneys.

When to Stop

The protein diet is stopped when:

unpleasant symptoms from the gastrointestinal tract;
increased sweating;
cloudy urine;
skin itching;
increased irritability;
dizziness.

Remarkable! A protein-vegetable diet is a type of protein diet. In some cases, it is easier to carry. The regime involves the alternation of fish, meat and vegetable days. As a rule, protein foods are consumed for several days, the next two days you need to eat vegetables and fruits. The benefits of the nutrition system are based on a greater intake of minerals, vitamins and antioxidants needed by a woman and a baby. The diet is suitable for a slight correction of the weight of a pregnant woman.

Salt-free

For normal health, a person needs to consume up to 5 g of table salt daily. Most people exceed the norm by several times. As a result, fluid accumulates in the body, weight gain occurs, the development of diseases of the kidneys, liver and cardiovascular system. For pregnant women, excessive salt intake is fraught with high blood pressure and the appearance of edema. Salt during childbearing should be limited, and in some cases a salt-free diet is indicated.

The essence of the diet is to avoid foods high in salt. With the right selection of the components of the diet menu for pregnant women to reduce weight, there will be no lack of salt in the body.

You can use:

fruits;
greenery;
bread (no more than 200 g);
eggs (no more than 2);
butter (about 10 g);
lean beef;
fish;
milk and cottage cheese;
kefir with a small% fat;
jam;

Prohibited:

roast;
acute;
smoked;
fatty;
sour;
marinades;
pickles;
pork and lamb;
confectionery.

Menu for the day

Morning: 100 g of porridge, scrambled eggs from a couple of eggs, 100 g of cottage cheese, fruit drink.
Snack: 150 g yogurt with fruit.
Lunch: 200 g of baked meat or fish, vegetable salad with legumes, compote.
Snack: 100 g baked apples or dried fruits.
Evening: soup-puree from vegetables (you can stew), a piece of bread, smoothies.
Before going to bed: a glass of kefir.

At first, a salt-free diet may seem too tough. To rid food of freshness, you can use sea salt, adding salt to dishes at the very end of cooking or just before serving.

Hypoallergenic

According to experts, an allergy is formed in a child already during his stay in the mother's body due to her intolerance to certain products. A doctor can determine a hidden allergy in a woman by the presence of extra pounds, preeclampsia and edema. In the presence of such problems, the pregnant woman is prescribed a special hypoallergenic diet.

The following are subject to exception:

seafood;
eggs;
nuts;
milk;
fish;
red and black caviar;
tomatoes;
chocolate;
strawberry;
raspberries;
citrus;
chicken;
sweets;
pickles;
spicy dishes;
canned food.

Approved for use:

lean meat;
cereals;
vegetables and fruits of soft color (cucumbers, zucchini, potatoes, cabbage, yellow and green apples, pears);
mushrooms;

In limited quantities, it is allowed to use sour cream, pasta and bakery products made from premium flour.

Menu for the day

Breakfast: oatmeal porridge on the water, a slice of wheat bread, an apple.
Snack: a glass of plain yogurt.
Lunch: vegetarian soup, rabbit meat steam cutlet, cauliflower salad, compote.
Snack: fruit.
Dinner: a salad of allowed vegetables with vegetable oil, stewed potatoes, a piece of boiled beef, tea.
Before going to bed: kefir.

A decrease in hemoglobin (anemia) during the period of bearing a child can be caused by various reasons. In any case, iron deficiency is dangerous, as it negatively affects the body of the mother and fetus. To normalize the condition of a pregnant woman, a special diet is useful. Its essence is a varied healthy diet rich in vitamins and microelements. The diet of this diet for pregnant women cannot be imagined without proteins. Fat intake should be reduced. Carbohydrates - no more than 500 g per day.

Shown:

almond;
apricots;
pork and veal liver;
turkey meat;
veal;
cocoa;
spinach;
egg yolk;
stale bread.

The appetite of a pregnant woman with low hemoglobin can be somewhat suppressed, which is why it is recommended to take vegetable, meat and fish soups. It is recommended to add various sauces and salt to the main dishes. You can take about 40 g of butter and 30 g of vegetable oil, no more than 50 g of sugar.

Should be excluded:

citrus;
seafood;
raspberries and strawberries;
chocolate;
mushrooms.

Menu for the day

Breakfast: buckwheat porridge, boiled meat or fish, soft-boiled egg.
Second breakfast: beetroot and carrot salad, rosehip broth.
Lunch: soup with turkey heart and meat broth, bread, cottage cheese, fruit.
Afternoon: berries.
Dinner: vegetable stew, a piece of baked meat, tea.
Before going to bed: a fermented milk product.

Contrary to popular belief about the benefits of eating under-processed meat and offal with low hemoglobin, such experiments during pregnancy are unacceptable!

carbohydrate

Carbohydrates are a source of energy that a pregnant woman needs for normal gestation and an important element of a healthy diet. They are perfectly absorbed, prevent the accumulation of toxins and body fat.

The essence of the nutrition system is the use of "complex" carbohydrates, that is, fiber and pectins. They contain few calories, but promise satiety. The diet helps to normalize the weight of a pregnant woman by accelerating metabolic processes.

“Simple” carbohydrates are excluded from the diet for pregnant women:

confectionery;
not whole grain cereals;
sweets;
white flour bread;
grape;
bananas.

legumes;
cottage cheese;
whole grain cereals;
Brown rice;
pasta from durum wheat combs;
vegetables and fruits.

Menu for the day

Morning: milk porridge (buckwheat, oatmeal, rice), egg, cheese sandwich, fermented baked milk.
Snack: peach or apple.
Day: cabbage stewed in meat broth, vegetable salad with low-fat sour cream, apple juice.
Snack: 100 g cherries or gooseberries.
Evening: boiled fish, cottage cheese with fruits, compote.

With toxicosis

Toxicosis occurs due to the fact that the mother's body perceives the fetus as a foreign object and forms antibodies to its own cells. As a result, there is a violation of the work of important organs and systems, and health deteriorates. Also, the development of toxicosis has chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and liver. The problem often overtakes emotionally unstable women.

There are several degrees of toxicosis:

I - urge to vomit occurs up to five times a day. Weight loss is up to three kilograms;
II - vomiting about ten times a day. Weight loss over a two-week period is up to four kilograms;
III - vomiting occurs up to twenty-five times a day. The weight loss is over ten kilograms.

Toxicosis can be early, manifesting in the first trimester, and late (preeclampsia), occurring after the 35th week of pregnancy.

Diet in the early stages

Food should be fractional. The stomach is better at accepting small portions that do not cause it to stretch. Frequent eating does not overstimulate the hunger center.
Toxicosis imposes a ban on fatty high-calorie foods. Products should be easily digestible, without requiring significant efforts from the digestive tract.
Breakfast is required. At the same time, it is not necessary to eat fully. The ideal solution is fruits that are easy to digest and provide sufficient glucose levels for good health.
It is desirable to refuse soups, especially those cooked in meat broth. The combination of liquid and solid food in one meal will cause vomiting. Tea "in a bite" with cookies is excluded for the same reason.

Shown:

vegetables: tomatoes, pickles, fresh cabbage, carrots, cauliflower, zucchini, broccoli, beets, eggplant, potatoes;
fruits: lemons, cherries, strawberries, apples, oranges, plums, cranberries, kiwi;
protein: boiled chicken fillet, boiled eggs, low-fat fish, hard cheese;
fats: butter and vegetable oil;
cereals: rice, buckwheat, millet.

Bread can be eaten little by little, after drying it in an oven or toaster.

Nutrition for gestosis

The best prevention of late toxicosis of pregnant women is moderate food intake. Pickles, marinades and smoked meats are categorically not recommended. When choosing a power system, doctors recommend following the following rules:

the amount of salt cannot exceed 5 g;
no more than 800 ml of liquid should enter the body;
the diet should be rich in proteins;
food must contain natural vitamins, in winter-spring time - enriched with vitamin complexes.

Sample daily menu

First breakfast:

boiled fish (150 g);
boiled potatoes (200 g);
fresh carrots (80 g);
1 boiled egg;

Lunch:

cottage cheese (150 g).

beetroot with sour cream (300 g);
buckwheat porridge (200 g);
steam cutlet (60 g);
200 ml compote.

seasonal berries (300 g).

boiled fish (200 g);
vinaigrette (300 g).

Before bedtime:

200 ml of kefir.

Up to 200 g of rye or 100 g of wheat bread is allowed per day.

Unloading diet menu for pregnant women

Fasting days are usually called periods in which there is a restriction of the volume and variety of products. The emphasis is on low-calorie food, which rids the body of toxins and toxins, helps to correct weight. Short-term food restrictions during pregnancy are prescribed by a doctor to stimulate metabolic processes and increase the consumption of fat reserves. They help restore the functioning of the digestive system, speed up metabolism, and reduce swelling. In one unloading day, a pregnant woman can lose up to 800 grams of weight.

Unloading diet is indicated for pregnant women with:

swelling of the legs;
increased blood pressure;
rapid weight gain;
shortness of breath while walking;
problems with the liver and kidneys.

Unloading rules

Food restrictions are only allowed after the 28th week of pregnancy.
Rest of the stomach is necessary once a week or ten days.
To avoid a deficiency of vitamins and nutrients, it is recommended to combine different unloading options.
Unloading must occur on the same day of the week.
Chewing food should be thorough and slow.
The daily portion of products should be divided into several doses (5-6).
It is important to eat at clearly defined time intervals, which will help to avoid feeling hungry.
You need to consume at least 2 liters of water per day.
In the evening before unloading, you should refrain from heavy food. Dine no later than seven o'clock in the evening.

The energy value of the diet of a pregnant woman during unloading should not be less than 1500 kcal.

All-in-One Diet for Weight Loss

Breakfast: 150 g fat-free cottage cheese, fresh pear, a cup of tea.
Second breakfast: 200 g low-fat yogurt, fresh berries.
Lunch: soup on a light broth, steam minced chicken cutlet, fresh cucumber.
Snack: half a glass of light yogurt, a handful of dried fruits.
Dinner: 100 g boiled low-fat fish, vegetable salad.
Before going to bed: a couple of prunes, half a glass of kefir.

"Full" unloading days

It is permissible to carry out unloading diets on nutritious foods 1 time in 7 days, but for medical reasons it is sometimes allowed to repeat unloading every 4 days. The energy value of the diet does not exceed 1000 kcal.

Diet options for pregnant women for weight loss, indicating the food needed for the day:

Meat and vegetables: 400 g lean meat, 800 g fresh vegetables. Before going to bed, you can drink a glass of low-fat kefir.
Seafood and vegetables: boiled seafood in the amount of 0.5 kg, stewed vegetables in the amount of 800 g. Unsweetened tea is allowed.
Potatoes: 1 kg of boiled potatoes and a few glasses of low-fat kefir.
Yogurt and fruits: 1.5 kg of domestic fruits, low-calorie yogurt (300 g).
Berries and cottage cheese: 800 g of any berries, 400 g of fat-free cottage cheese. You can drink unsweetened coffee without caffeine.

Monounloading for weight loss

Mono-fasting day involves the use of one product. The goal is to give a complete rest to the digestive system. The energy value of the diet is low, so mono-unloading can be repeated only after 10 days and only after consulting a doctor.

Vegetable or fruit: during the day it is allowed to eat 1.5 kg of fresh vegetables or fruits. As an additive to salads, it is allowed to use a little vegetable oil.
Compote: during the day you can drink 1.5 liters of compote from 100 g of dried fruits and 1 kg of fresh apples. It is allowed to add no more than 3 tablespoons of sugar to the finished product.
Dairy: per day you can drink 1.5 liters of milk, yogurt or fermented baked milk with a fat content of not more than 1.5%.

Interesting to know! Dairy diet (unloading) is very good for pregnant women who suffer from lack of appetite. Milk is food and liquid at the same time. A delicious milkshake will saturate and cheer you up.

Buckwheat unloading

Buckwheat is one of the healthiest cereals. Its grains contain iodine, magnesium, iron, potassium and a whole range of vitamins. In addition, buckwheat contains lysine, an amino acid that is not synthesized by the body and is necessary for better absorption of calcium. Buckwheat well strengthens the walls of blood vessels, cleanses the intestines from heavy deposits and toxins.

A fasting day on buckwheat is very useful for pregnant women: in addition to getting rid of excess weight, cereals promise to replenish the body's reserves with microelements, raise hemoglobin levels and improve digestion.

To preserve the beneficial properties of buckwheat, it is recommended to abandon its cooking. A glass of cereal should be placed in a thermos and pour boiling water, let it brew overnight. The next morning, the porridge is divided into portions and consumed throughout the day. To make it easier to endure an unusual regimen, pregnant women can supplement the menu with a glass of kefir or a couple of apples.

Kefir

A fasting day on kefir allows you to get rid of everything superfluous and normalize the stool, which is especially useful for pregnant women suffering from constipation. You can use only fresh kefir. For a day, 1.5 liters of a fermented milk drink with a fat content of 1.5% and 600 grams of cottage cheese are taken. It should be consumed in 6 doses. With a noticeable feeling of hunger, it is allowed to eat a few tablespoons of wheat bran.

How to eat the next day

Abundant consumption of food the next day after unloading is unacceptable. After “cleansing” the pregnant woman’s menu should be light, otherwise the lost grams will return, discomfort will arise again.

It is best to have breakfast with low-fat yogurt, boiled eggs or a serving of milk oatmeal.
For lunch, you should eat protein-rich foods: lean beef or lean fish. You need to combine protein foods with fiber, so a vegetable salad is recommended as a side dish.
As an evening meal, boiled meat or granular cottage cheese is suitable.

Contraindications

Fasting days are contraindicated for pregnant women with the following diseases:

diabetes;
food allergy;
chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
endocrine pathologies.

Healthy Recipes

Vegetarian soup

Ingredients:

cabbage (three hundred grams);
celery root (one piece);
carrots (one piece);
potatoes (two pieces);
onion (one piece);
parsley;
vegetable oil (four tablespoons);
liter of water;
some salt.

Chemical composition of 100 grams:

proteins - 0.72 g;
fats - 4.3 g;
carbohydrates - 3.8 g.

Cooking

Chop the cabbage, peel and chop the potatoes, cut the rest of the vegetables into cubes (the onion into half rings), finely chop the greens.
Send carrots, onions, celery root to a pan with oil, add water, simmer for 15 minutes.
Add cabbage, potatoes to the pan and continue to simmer.
Send the prepared vegetables to the pan, pour boiling water, salt. Cook no more than five minutes after boiling.
When serving, decorate with herbs.

Potato-curd casserole

Ingredients:

potatoes (two hundred grams);
low-fat cottage cheese (thirty grams);
a quarter of an egg;
butter (five grams);
sour cream (twenty grams).

Chemical composition:

proteins - 10.5 g;
fats - 12 g;
carbohydrates - 35.7 g.

Cooking

Wash potatoes, peel, cut into slices. Boil until done. Drain water, mash potatoes.
Grind cottage cheese, combine with potatoes, add egg and butter. Mix.
Put the potato-curd mass on a baking sheet sprinkled with breadcrumbs. Smooth and brush with sour cream. Bake until golden brown.

Salad of beets and green peas

Ingredients:

beets (two hundred grams);
canned peas (sixty grams);
vegetable oil (ten grams).

Chemical composition:

proteins - 2.4 g;
fats - 5 g;
carbohydrates - 11.7 g.

Cooking

Boil the beets (one hour), dip for half an hour in cold water, then peel and grate.
Remove the liquid from the peas.
Mix beets and peas, season with oil.

White cabbage and seaweed salad

Ingredients:

frozen seaweed (thirty grams);
green onions (ten grams);
white cabbage (thirty grams);
fresh cucumber (thirty grams);
vegetable oil (five grams).

Chemical composition:

proteins - 1 g;
fats - 5 g;
carbohydrates - 2.7 g.

Cooking

Dip the seaweed in cold water until completely defrosted. Finely chop. Boil in lightly salted water for about 15 minutes. Cool down.
Chop the white cabbage, chop the cucumbers into strips, chop the onion.
Combine the components, add vegetable oil.

Milk porridge corn

Ingredients:

corn grits (sixty grams);
milk (seventy grams);
water (seventy grams);
sugar (five grams);
some salt;
a little butter.

Chemical composition:

proteins - 6.8 g;
fats - 7.4 g;
carbohydrates - 51.6 g.

Cooking

Pour the cereal into boiling water and cook for about 25 minutes. Drain excess liquid and add milk.
Put salt, sugar into the porridge. Cook until thickened.
Add oil before serving.

Sports to keep fit

It has been proven that the children of mothers who played sports during pregnancy develop faster. Physical activity is also useful for the figure of a woman expecting a baby: a sedentary lifestyle of a pregnant woman can lead to a rapid increase in body weight and the development of edema. Another issue is the load capacity.

The following activities are unacceptable for expectant mothers:

aerobics;
jumping;
skiing;
diving;
a ride on the bicycle.

Exercises based on stretching the abdominal muscles, inverted yoga asanas, swings and a strong back bend are dangerous.

For good health and maintaining a figure, experts recommend that pregnant women take walks more often and take a closer look at one of the following areas:

Swimming

Useful for pregnant women during all nine months. During swimming, blood circulation improves, lungs are trained, muscles are strengthened. The load on the spine is minimal, which is especially necessary in the second half of pregnancy. Swimming is a great opportunity to keep the body in good shape.

Important! While visiting the pool, it is important for pregnant women to use tampons, especially if there is a predisposition to inflammatory diseases of the vagina.

Pilates

If you can find an experienced trainer, Pilates will be the best preparation for childbirth. In addition, this is the first step towards a quick recovery of the figure after the birth of a child. Thanks to the exercises, flexibility increases, the back strengthens. A woman learns to feel her body, to hear it.

Gymnastics

Special groups for pregnant women offer special exercises that not only prevent weight gain, but also help with toxicosis. A half-hour lesson relieves nagging pain in the lower back, relieves the load on the back and prepares the chest for lactation.

Yoga

Yoga is especially necessary for women who were familiar with it to the “interesting position”. You need to choose exercises adapted for pregnant women, and engage only under the supervision of a trainer.

Before starting any training, it is important for a pregnant woman to obtain permission from the observing gynecologist!

Reading time: 7 minutes

A woman in a position changes culinary preferences, lifestyle, attitude towards others. The mother-to-be consciously tries to limit herself from everything that can harm her child. This applies to diet, actions, bad habits. Knowing what is impossible for pregnant women at an early stage is necessary not only for newly-made parents, but also for relatives who also want to ensure a favorable pregnancy.

What not to do during pregnancy

There are many myths and facts about this period of a woman's life: some believe that she cannot cut her hair, paint her nails, move actively, etc. You should look into this more carefully. Due to the change in the hormonal background, it is better to refrain from perming and hair coloring procedures, as a result of which their condition may worsen. If you belong to the category of women who dye their hair all the time, opt for sparing options. The expectant mother is also forbidden to wear synthetic underwear. During pregnancy, you can not:

take baths (hot);
visit the sauna and solarium;
take medication without consulting a doctor;
vaccinate against rubella, tuberculosis, mumps;
perform X-ray or fluorography;
clean the cat's toilet (the cat is a carrier of a disease such as toxoplasmosis).

What not to eat when pregnant

A conscious woman during pregnancy reviews her diet with special care, some even hang a list of prohibited dishes in the kitchen. During this period, food addictions or aversion to certain foods are formed. It may turn out that you are not drawn to healthy food, but you want to eat more of what you can’t, so it’s important to study the list of foods that are dangerous to the health of the developing organism.

	Action on the body	Products
Fatty, fried, peppery, spicy	They affect the liver, kidneys and gallbladder, which are already displaced during pregnancy.	French fries, salo, steak, chili, Korean salads, adjika
	They have a detrimental effect on the entire human body, for example, the carcinogenic additive E211 can contribute to the development of cancer.	Chewing gum, sweets, confectionery, chips, croutons, seasoning, sauce
canned foods	Influence the synthesis of proteins, which are the main building material of a developing organism	Canned fish
Some seafood		Tuna, mackerel, shark, crab, shrimp, swordfish.
raw eggs	May cause salmonella infection

In the early stages

The development and health of the baby depends on how the first trimester of pregnancy goes, so the expectant mother should scrupulously approach the issue of her nutrition. It is advisable to give preference only to natural products prepared in compliance with all sanitary standards. At this time, there are no significant changes in the woman's condition, but you still need to limit or exclude the following products:

Sweets and flour products. They contribute to rapid weight gain, so in the early stages it is important to adjust your diet in order to feel good at the end of pregnancy and not suffer from edema. This category includes all kinds of confectionery and refined sugar, which do not contain vitamins, but are full of carbohydrates.
Products that can cause allergies, which can result in improper development of the child or even miscarriage. These include red vegetables, fruits, citrus fruits, honey.
Beans, beans, peas can cause increased gas formation, which will result in increased tone.
Chocolate, being a powerful stimulant, has a detrimental effect on the mental and nervous system of the little man. The measure is important here, a couple of pieces will not hurt anyone, so you are allowed to allow yourself such a treat once a week.

What should not be eaten by pregnant women

The diet of the expectant mother should not harm the developing body. Some dishes can be limited during this important period of life, their single use will not lead to negative consequences. However, there are foods that need to be blacklisted for the period of bearing a child and breastfeeding. Pregnant women should not eat:

What is better not to drink

If a cup of morning coffee has become a daily ritual for you, you should give up this pleasure for the sake of the health of your unborn child. This drink has an adverse effect: it increases blood pressure, provokes a threat of miscarriage, causes insomnia, removes vitamins and microelements from the body. You also need to remove caffeinated foods from your menu, do not drink energy drinks and cola.

It is permissible for black tea lovers to occasionally consume this drink, which should not be strong. The reason for this is all the same caffeine, which, penetrating the placenta, can harm the baby. Carbonated water must be discarded due to the content of chemicals and dyes.

Any drinks containing alcohol put a strain on the kidneys, which already work during pregnancy in an enhanced mode. Even if you decide to treat yourself to a glass of beer, this can negatively affect the intellectual abilities and the formation of the unborn baby, especially in the first trimester. Therefore, drinking alcohol is prohibited. Kvass is also better not to drink at this time. These tips for pregnant women in the early stages will help to avoid many unpleasant moments.

What not to do when pregnant

In this special period of life, new habits, rules appear and the perception of the world around us changes. Sometimes a woman thinks she can turn the world around, and sometimes she doesn't even have the strength to brush her teeth. It is important to treat this condescendingly and follow a set of measures that will ensure your safety. According to these rules, it is prohibited:

Carry out general cleaning with household chemicals. In extreme cases, you need to protect yourself as much as possible by wearing gloves and ventilating the room.
Sitting still at a computer or favorite job. When doing embroidery or any other creative process, do not forget to do active physical 15 minutes.
Walk in high heels (more than 4 cm). If you don't want varicose veins or flat feet, you can't do that.
Sit with your legs crossed. In this position, the veins located in the popliteal fossa are clamped, and blood circulation in the pelvic organs slows down. The result may be fetal hypoxia.
smoke. This leads to poor blood supply to the placenta due to its vasoconstrictive action. There is a chance that the baby will be born prematurely or with a small weight.
Forget about parties and discos. The smell of cigarette smoke, alcohol and loud music do not contribute to the beneficial course of pregnancy.
Hold off on extreme sports. Adrenaline negatively affects the mental activity of the baby, so you should avoid stress, worries and be less nervous. The expectant mother should provide herself with a calm and positive environment.

In the early stages

Sleeping on your stomach is not recommended during the first trimester. This position puts pressure on the uterus, which can damage the embryo. You can be in this position in rare cases, but by no means make it a habit. However, when the tummy has already noticeably increased, it is advisable to listen to the recommendations of doctors and exclude rest on the back. Blood circulation may be disturbed due to the fact that the grown belly will put a load on the deep veins.

In the first trimester, the girl's hormonal background changes, which results in mood swings and emotional outbursts. During this period, for some, intimate relationships are a necessity, while for others they are undesirable. According to doctors, a pregnant woman is allowed to have sex, moreover, it also has a positive result, since endorphins are produced. A nice bonus is the training of the pelvic muscles.

However, there are contraindications in cases where the tone of the uterus is increased, there is a risk of miscarriage or an infection in the partner. It is better to refuse intimate relationships so that there is no abortion. In other cases, the expectant mother is allowed to have sex throughout the entire pregnancy, the main thing is to avoid deep penetration, pressure on the stomach and too long intercourse.

What movements can not be done during pregnancy

While waiting for the baby, a woman should exclude work that involves lifting heavy objects (more than 3 kg). The permissible weight, in exceptional cases, is 5 kg. It is also contraindicated for pregnant women in the early stages to rearrange furniture in the apartment, make sharp and jerky movements. This can lead to premature birth. You can not do repairs and heavy physical work. Leave the painting of the walls, beating the carpets, washing the windows to someone else or postpone for a certain time.

Video

Usually a woman finds out about pregnancy after the next menstruation is missed. After about three weeks, the embryo can already be distinguished as a clearly distinct group of cells. It is at this point that the egg becomes an embryo. Each cell of the embryo clearly knows its tasks, they all contain a complex genetic code formed by the fusion of the chromosomes of the father and mother. The development of the fetus and embryo largely depends on the nutrition of the woman before pregnancy, at the beginning of pregnancy and at its early stage.

At the moment when the future embryo is attached to the wall of the uterus, a process begins that lasts three months. During this period, all the basic tissues and organs of the new person are laid, which then, after the next six months, will allow him to survive outside the mother's body. In the first trimester of pregnancy, the embryo does a lot of work: the foundations of the most important organs and tissues are laid. In the first trimester, he already looks like an adult.

Features of nutrition at the beginning of pregnancy

Fertilization occurs on the 10-16th day from the onset of menstruation. During this period, the most important is the process of crushing the embryo. The mother's body must provide him with enough energy to move through the oviduct to the fallopian tube. While the embryo feeds on the yolk contained in the mother's egg. At the 4th week of pregnancy, the embryo enters the uterus, and at the 5th week it already actively begins to feed on the mother's blood. Starting from this period for 2 months, the fetus is especially sensitive to the influence of harmful factors and lack of nutrition. At these times, all the vital organs and tissues of the child's body are laid - the heart, circulatory system, liver, thyroid gland, upper respiratory tract, pancreas, hematopoietic system and neural tube - the rudiment of the central nervous system. The hormonal restructuring of the body is intensively going on. The mode and diet at the beginning of pregnancy may change due to the deterioration of the woman's well-being, severe nausea, dizziness, morning vomiting or vomiting after eating. These signs of early toxicosis can be supplemented by drowsiness, frequent urge to urinate. Relief occurs, as a rule, after 12 weeks, when the placenta develops.

At this stage of pregnancy, it can be difficult for a woman to maintain a healthy diet. The body often refuses to accept even the most ordinary products and spends all its strength on fighting nausea, dizziness and malaise. The attitude to food is changing: often there is a need for salty, spicy, sour or sweet. Within reasonable limits, this desire can be satisfied without harming the health of a pregnant woman.

Nutrition at the beginning of pregnancy should include properly selected, easily digestible products and, if possible, be carried out according to the regime, which will help a woman survive this difficult and responsible stage. When you wake up in the morning, drink a glass of water with lemon juice, eat an apple or natural fat-free yogurt. During the day, if your food habits do not harm the child, follow them calmly, adhering to a healthy and balanced diet.

Essential micronutrients in early pregnancy

At the 6th week Pregnancy is an intensive development of the placenta (children's place). A little later (at week 12), the placenta will be responsible for nutrition, respiration, protection of the fetus and for the production of hormones. The embryo is actively developing. In a short time, the laying of the bone marrow, stomach, spleen, large intestine, trachea, larynx, inner ear, pituitary gland and lungs takes place. The kid really expects that in his active formation, his mother will help him with building material. At this stage, the embryo needs phosphorus and calcium as much as possible. Their optimal content can be found in milk and dairy products.

At the 7th week the brain, adrenal glands and small intestine are formed. The first reflex-motor reactions appear in the embryo (7-9 mm). At the 8th week, the length of the embryo is already 8-11 mm and it becomes more and more like a little man. He has an outer ear, an upper lip, joints and bones are formed. Nutrition at an early stage of pregnancy should be of high quality and complete in order to give the unborn child all the necessary substances.

At 9 - 10 weeks Pregnancy is the laying of lymph nodes, milk teeth, bronchial rudiments in the lungs, the formation of the cerebellum, which is responsible for the coordination of movements. The embryo weighs 4 grams, its length is 27-35 mm. The first spontaneous movements are observed (hands, head, swallowing movements). The fetus is located inside the fetal bladder filled with amniotic fluid. A woman has a significant increase in the number of erythrocytes in the blood and the volume of blood plasma. During this period, the expectant mother must maintain the normal process of hematopoiesis in the body. Iron intake increases the number of red blood cells in the blood and corresponds to proper nutrition in the early stages of pregnancy, being part of hemoglobin. A lot of iron in red meat (beef, lamb). It is also found in cottage cheese and various cheeses. Calcium and fluorine, which are found in sufficient quantities in fish, meat, milk, greens and fruits, will contribute to the full formation of the baby's teeth and maintain the health of the future mother's teeth.

At 11-12 weeks the iris is formed. The fetus develops a sense of smell, he smells the food that the mother consumes. The genitourinary system of the fetus is formed, the kidneys begin to function. Fingers and toes, rudiments of hair, external genitalia are formed. You can determine the sex of the child. The fetal liver actively produces bile, intestinal motility is observed. The weight of the fetus is 13 grams, the length of the fetal body is 7-8 cm. Zinc is responsible for the development of the hematopoietic organs, the reproductive system, smell and taste. This essential element is most found in seafood, cheese, seafood, meat, nuts and legumes, which should be included in the diet at an early stage of pregnancy. Vitamin E will help the expectant mother and her child in strengthening the immune system and the work of the heart muscle. It is recommended to include eggs, vegetable oils, broccoli and Brussels sprouts, wheat germ, soybeans, spinach, leafy greens, whole grains in the diet.

At this stage of pregnancy, there is a risk of premature rupture of the placenta. Therefore, it is recommended to include in the diet food early in pregnancy foods containing vitamin C (citrus fruits, black currants, kiwi, rose hips, apples, tomatoes, cabbage). Iodine is necessary for the normal functioning of the thyroid gland and its formation. The main sources of iodine are walnuts, seafood, persimmon, chokeberry, iodized salt.

At 13 weeks the child begins to grow rapidly and actively gain weight. He has already formed all 20 milk teeth. At this stage of pregnancy, the mother also actively begins to gain weight. The diet must be strictly thought out. Discuss your diet with your doctor and strictly follow his recommendations.

Nutrition before pregnancy

Ideally, the expectant mother should prepare for conception in advance. At the same time, a woman should try to exclude alcohol from her diet, quit smoking, without the need to take medication. As soon as possible, a woman is recommended to visit a gynecologist, therapist, dentist, and other specialists if there are chronic diseases. Particular attention should be paid to your diet, which should be varied, healthy and balanced. Nutrition before pregnancy should include foods containing folic acid (vitamin B9). Folic acid plays an important role in preventing neural tube birth defects that can develop early in fetal development. Therefore, the diet of women who want to become a mother, as in the first half of pregnancy, must necessarily include meat, fish, dairy products, raw fruits and vegetables.

A few weeks before conception, a woman should be very careful about her diet in order to provide the future baby with all the necessary trace elements and vitamins.

What should not be eaten and drunk by pregnant women - what foods and drinks are preferred for consumption by expectant mothers? In fact, there are practically no strict restrictions for pregnant women. You can eat everything, but in moderation or minimal amounts of certain foods. Let's start with what pregnant women should not eat or at least should not be abused and for what specific reasons. We will also not forget to talk about the possible consequences of non-compliance with restrictions.

1. Liver. Not only are the offal very fatty, that is, from this delicacy, the expectant mother can simply become ill, but it also contains a high concentration of vitamin A, which can have a teratogenic effect on the fetus. Therefore, pregnant women should not eat the liver, especially in the first trimester of pregnancy, when the child's organs are just being formed, and the expectant mother herself has any manifestations of toxicosis, which can be aggravated due to the use of the liver.
However, this is not a product that pregnant women absolutely cannot eat. Later, in the second and third trimester, the liver can be consumed occasionally if the body tolerates it well.

2. Sausages. There are two reasons why pregnant women should not eat sausages, sausages and sausages. In order to change their mind about eating them, it is enough for many to carefully read the fine print on the product packaging, to find out its composition. This is far from pure high quality meat. And at best, pork bacon with beef, generously seasoned with salt, dyes and flavors to make it more appetizing. From such "meat" there will be no benefit to the body. Yes, and the salt with which the sausage is stuffed is harmful to the expectant mother. Because due to an excess of salt in a woman, fluid is retained in the body. Outwardly, this is manifested by edema. And blood pressure rises, and this is already dangerous. Let's leave the sausage for the holidays, for salads.

3. Sweets. They should not be eaten by a pregnant woman due to the fact that chocolate, marmalade, cookies and similar treats are quickly digestible carbohydrates. All these products have a very high calorie content, but saturate the body, relieve hunger for a very short time. This makes the woman eat sweets again and again. By the way, the same applies to high-calorie honey. It is, of course, useful, but in the amount of literally half a teaspoon. Our women love honey in sweets, for example, in baklava. And they gain weight very quickly during pregnancy due to their passion for sweets. Meanwhile, all these calories are deposited on the body of the mother and do not bear the slightest benefit to the unborn child. But it becomes harder for a pregnant woman to walk, tachycardia, shortness of breath, pain in the back and lower back appear. And after giving birth, it is very difficult to part with extra pounds.

4. Salted tomatoes, cucumbers, etc. All this is a source of salt, the dangers of consuming large quantities of which we have already written earlier.

5. Alcohol. Adequate doctors always say that pregnant women should not drink alcohol at any time and in any quantity. Few of the expectant mothers have heard of FAS - fetal alcohol syndrome in the fetus. It occurs in most cases when taking a large amount of alcohol at once. The child can not only develop malformations as a result of such maternal libation, but also mental retardation, as well as typical manifestations on the face, like a genetic syndrome. And it is impossible to cure FAS, only prevent it by not drinking alcohol during pregnancy.

Meanwhile, the use of small doses of alcohol by the mother is also potentially dangerous for the fetus. It can provoke premature birth, placental abruption, low intelligence in a child.

6. Tea and coffee. Many women find these drinks unacceptable because of the caffeine they contain. But in fact, not everything is so scary. The level of caffeine contained in two cups of coffee is absolutely safe for an expectant mother. But in 4 cups of coffee - it is already potentially dangerous. Pregnant women should not drink that much coffee.

If a woman regularly takes such a large amount of caffeine, the child may experience intrauterine growth retardation. Such children are born weak and underweight. But premature birth and miscarriages caffeine does not provoke.

Tea also contains caffeine in large quantities, but tea has almost no effect on the body, it does not have an invigorating effect, since it is almost not absorbed from this drink.

Other foods, such as chocolate, contain small amounts of caffeine. But in some medicines a lot. For example, the Citramon headache remedy contains caffeine in high concentrations. It should not be taken by expectant mothers.

7. Sugary carbonated drinks. They have a high calorie content and zero utility. Many preservatives, flavorings and dyes in the composition. If you really want fruit flavors, drink natural juice.

8. Narzan with high mineralization. Many of us consider mineral water beneficial for the body. This is true, but only if it is chosen and used correctly. Narzans differ not only in their taste, but also in composition. Some of them contain a lot of minerals, salts, and therefore should be consumed in minimal quantities and only for medical reasons, usually in sanatoriums. The temperature of narzan also plays a role in its digestibility.
Just as a drink, it is better to use water with a small mineralization. No more than 3 grams per liter (indicated on the label). This water will help with heartburn.
But salty narzan, for example, "Essentuki 17" can provoke an increase in blood pressure and swelling.