Signs and symptoms of pregnancy on different days of the cycle. Tips after embryo transfer

Any girl seeking to have a child always wants to know if the cherished event has happened as early as possible. Fortunately, we live in the 21st century, and the arsenal of means for early detection of pregnancy in modern medicine is already quite impressive. Impressive, but imperfect: all diagnostic methods have limitations, and so far no way has been invented to check whether conception has occurred immediately, a couple of hours or days after the act of love. But, fortunately, it will not take long to languish in anticipation.

About what is the earliest period when the conception that occurred can be reliably judged, and on what day the pregnancy test will show a positive result, and will be discussed in this article.

Determination methods. How early can you find out about pregnancy?

All methods for early diagnosis of pregnancy can be divided into two groups: visual and laboratory.

Visual examinations include ultrasound or examination by a gynecologist in a chair, and laboratory tests include determining the presence of a special hormone in the body, chorionic gonadotropin (usually abbreviated as hCG). There are two main ways to determine the level of hCG - by taking a blood test or by making a well-known home urine pregnancy test.

Let's say right away that visual methods lag far behind the "chemical" ones in the speed and accuracy of determining pregnancy. It is physically possible to see a pregnancy on an ultrasound scan only from the third week of development of the embryo, and then only with sufficient qualifications of the doctor and high quality equipment, since. the ovum at this time is only a few millimeters in size. Examination by a doctor in a chair is also subjective, since certain symptoms (softening of the cervix, a change in its shape) only indirectly indicate the patient's pregnant status.

In contrast, tests to determine the level of hCG can be applied as early as a week after the start of fetal development and are free of uncertainty. An increase in the level of hCG (normally in a non-pregnant person who is absent) starts immediately after the fertilized egg attaches to the uterine wall, and serves as reliable evidence that the desired event did occur.

If we summarize the methods according to which of them is the fastest, we get something like the following list:

1. Blood test for hCG.
2. HCG test strip (urine).
3. Ultrasound.
4. Visual examination by a doctor

And since our article is about how to determine pregnancy in the first place, below we will talk in more detail about the level of hCG in the body of a pregnant woman and on which day it is worth taking a pregnancy test or running to the laboratory to donate blood.

How does a pregnancy test work?

The principle of the pregnancy test is very simple - the reagents in the test strip change their color if the level of chorionic gonadotropin in the urine exceeds a certain level (this level is written on the test box; standard tests begin to show a second strip of 25 units of hCG. There are also highly sensitive tests , showing a second strip from 10 units of hCG.However, only an increase in hCG to a level of 25 or more is considered a reliable sign of pregnancy, since lower levels can be caused simply by physiological abnormalities).

On what day will the pregnancy test show a positive result?

Let's figure it out.

A positive result will appear only after reaching a certain level of hCG in the body, but how long does it take for hCG to become sufficient?

Most readers know that fertilization is possible only during ovulation. However, after fertilization has occurred, a number of events must occur, requiring a certain period of time:

The period from the moment of fertilization to the moment when the test shows two strips is counted from the date of ovulation and is made up of the period of several events:

1) Fertilization time (up to 1 day)

2) Time to move from the fallopian tube to the uterus (up to 4 days)

3) Time for implantation (up to 4 days)

4) Time to produce a sufficient amount of hCG (up to 7 days).

First, you need to determine when ovulation was in this cycle. There are a lot of methods for its determination - from “folk” calendar to 100% accurate ultrasound. If you are not familiar with them, we advise you to read the article "How to" catch "ovulation"? All about the menstrual cycle by day. "

Let's say you were able to calculate when ovulation was in this cycle. What's next?

Not later than one day after leaving the ovary, the egg must be fertilized. We add 1 day to ovulation, we get 1 DPO (day after ovulation) or 15 day of the cycle (for a 28-day cycle).

For 3-4 days, the fertilized egg moves through the fallopian tube into the uterus. It enters the uterus on 5 DPO or 19 days of the cycle.

The embryo (in which at this moment there are already about a hundred cells) needs 3-4 days to attach to the wall of the uterus. If everything went well, then at a maximum of 9 DPO or on the 23rd day of the cycle, the embryo will attach to the uterus (by the way, a number of pregnancies are interrupted already at this stage - if a normally fertilized egg simply could not attach to the wall of the uterus. This may be one of the reasonsinfertility ... Therefore, girls who cannot get pregnant for a long time in the absence of problems with the cycle must undergo a check of the endometrium of the uterus with a gynecologist).

So, after the embryo has attached, its outer shell (chorion, which will later become the placenta) begins to secrete the cherished chorionic gonadotropin. It is this hormone that blocks the onset of the next menstruation.

Before implantation, its amount is approximately 0-5 units. HCG level by day of pregnancy approximately doubles every day. That is, if the first day after implantation it is equal on average to two units, on the second day after implantation it will be equal to 4, on the third 8, on the fourth 16, and, finally, on the 5th day after implantation it will exceed the threshold of 25 units and will be equal to 32 mIU / ml. Recall that we had implantation on the 9th DPO (23rd day of the cycle), add 5 days to this and get that the desired concentration will be reached on the 14th day after ovulation or on the 28th day of the cycle (that is, 1 day before the start of the expected menstruation) ...

But this is the concentration of the hormone in the blood! The right concentrationHCG in urine by day after implantation lags behind that in the blood by about 1-2 days. That is, the test will be positive about 1-2 days of your missed period.

But there are ways to "cheat" a little and find out the information earlier. Here they are:

• Buy highly sensitive tests (look at the box in the pharmacy. It should indicate that the sensitivity of the test is not 25 mIU / ml, but, for example, 10 or 15).
• Collect more "concentrated" urine. The highest concentration will be in the morning urine, because it has been accumulating for a long time - that is whya pregnancy test should be done in the morning. And if you drink a few glasses of water and do the test after that, the concentration of the hormone in the urine will be much lower.
• Take a closer look at the test. Often, at very short periods, a very, very pale second strip is visible. If you notice such a "ghost" - it makes sense to repeat the test in a couple of days.
• Well, or just do not conjure with urine, but go to an independent laboratory and take a blood test for chorionic gonadotropin there. Of the disadvantages of the method, it is more expensive (the price of an analysis for hCG in Moscow is about 500-700 rubles, and the price of a pregnancy test is about 150).

Test positivity calculator.

To simplify calculations, we have created for youhCG calculator. Enter your cycle length in the box below and the calculator will calculate,on which day the pregnancy test will show a positive result.

21 days - cycle length	ovulation occurred on day 7 of the cycle	on the \u200d8 day of the cycle, conception occurred	implantation occurred on days 1-7 of the cycle	on day 2-2 of the cycle, a blood test for hCG will show a positive result	on days 2-4 of the cycle, the test will show a positive result	22 days - cycle length	ovulation occurred on day 8 of the cycle	on the \u200d9 day of the cycle, conception occurred	implantation occurred on day 1-8 of the cycle	on day 2-3 of the cycle, a blood test for hCG will show a positive result	on days 2-5 of the cycle, the test will show a positive result	23 days - cycle length	ovulation occurred on day 9 of the cycle	on the на10th day of the cycle, conception occurred	implantation occurred on day 1-9 of the cycle	on day 2-4 of the cycle, a blood test for hCG will show a positive result	on day 2-6 of the cycle, the test will show a positive result	24 days - cycle length	ovulation occurred on the \u200d10th day of the cycle	on the \u200d11th day of the cycle, conception occurred	implantation occurred on the 2\u200d0 day of the cycle	on day 2-5 of the cycle, a blood test for hCG will show a positive result	on days 2-7 of the cycle, the test will show a positive result	25 days - cycle length	ovulation occurred on day 11 of the cycle	on the \u200d12th day of the cycle, conception occurred	implantation occurred on day 2-1 of the cycle	on day 2-6 of the cycle, a blood test for hCG will show a positive result	on day 2-8 of the cycle, the test will show a positive result	26 days - cycle length	ovulation occurred on day 12 of the cycle	on the \u200d13th day of the cycle, conception occurred	implantation occurred on days 2-2 of the cycle	on day 2-7 of the cycle, a blood test for hCG will show a positive result	on day 2-9 of the cycle, the test will show a positive result	27 days - cycle length	ovulation occurred on day \u200d13 of the cycle	on the на14th day of the cycle, conception occurred	implantation occurred on days 2-3 of the cycle	on day 2-8 of the cycle, a blood test for hCG will show a positive result	on day 3\u200d0 of the cycle, the test will show a positive result	28 days - cycle length	ovulation occurred on day 14 of the cycle	on the \u200d15th day of the cycle, conception occurred	implantation occurred on days 2-4 of the cycle	on day 2-9 of the cycle, a blood test for hCG will show a positive result	on day 3-1 of the cycle, the test will show a positive result	29 days - cycle length	ovulation occurred on the \u200d15th day of the cycle	on the на16 day of the cycle, conception occurred	implantation occurred on days 2-5 of the cycle	on day 3\u200d0 of the cycle, a blood test for hCG will show a positive result	on the 3rd-2nd day of the cycle, the test will show a positive result	30 days - cycle length	ovulation occurred on day 16 of the cycle	on the на17th day of the cycle, conception occurred	implantation occurred on day 2-6 of the cycle	on day 3-1 of the cycle, a blood test for hCG will show a positive result	on the 3rd-3rd day of the cycle, the test will show a positive result	31 days - cycle length	ovulation occurred on day \u200d17 of the cycle	on the \u200d18th day of the cycle, conception occurred	implantation occurred on the 2-7 day of the cycle	on day 3-2 of the cycle, a blood test for hCG will show a positive result	on day 3-4 of the cycle, the test will show a positive result	32 days - cycle length	ovulation occurred on \u200d18 day of the cycle	on произошло19 day of the cycle, conception occurred	implantation occurred on days 2-8 of the cycle	on the 3rd-3rd day of the cycle, a blood test for hCG will show a positive result	on day 3-5 of the cycle, the test will show a positive result	33 days - cycle length	ovulation occurred on day \u200d19 of the cycle	on the \u200d20 day of the cycle, conception occurred	implantation occurred on day 3\u200d0 of the cycle	on day 3-4 of the cycle, a blood test for hCG will show a positive result	on the 3-6 day of the cycle, the test will show a positive result	34 days - cycle length	ovulation occurred on day \u200d20 of the cycle	on the \u200d21 day of the cycle, conception occurred	implantation occurred on day 3-1 of the cycle	on day 3-5 of the cycle, a blood test for hCG will show a positive result	on day 3-7 of the cycle, the test will show a positive result	35 days - cycle length	ovulation occurred on day 21 of the cycle	on the \u200d22 day of the cycle, conception occurred	implantation occurred on the 3rd-2nd day of the cycle	on day 3-6 of the cycle, a blood test for hCG will show a positive result	on day 3-8 of the cycle, the test will show a positive result

And also a table of hCG by days after ovulation:

The day after ovulation	HCG blood level	HCG level in urine	1 (Conception)	0-5	0-5	2	0-5	0-5	3	0-5	0-5	4	0-5	0-5	5	0-5	0-5	6	0-5	0-5	7	0-5	0-5	8	0-5	0-5	9 (Implantation)	1	0-5	10	2	0-5	11	4	1	12	8	2	13	16	4	14	32 (Analysis is positive!)	8	15	64 (Analysis is positive!)	16	16	128 (Analysis is positive!)	32 (Test is positive!)	17	250 (Analysis is positive!)	64 (Test is positive!)	18	500 (Analysis is positive!)	128 (Test is positive!)	19	> 1000 (Анализ положителен!) !}	256 (Test is positive!)

/ * Here you can add custom CSS for the current table * / / * Lean more about CSS: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cascading_Style_Sheets * / / * To prevent the use of styles to other tables use "# supsystic-table-5 "as a base selector for example: # supsystic-table-5 (...) # supsystic-table-5 tbody (...) # supsystic-table-5 tbody tr (...) * /

Output. On what day will the pregnancy test show a positive result?

Let's summarize all of the above.

How long before your period can you take a pregnancy test?

2-3 days before menstruation, if using a highly sensitive test and morning urine. However, the most reliable results are at the end of the first week of delay.

And some of the most common questions a girl has in connection with pregnancy tests:

The delay is too long and the test is still negative, how long to wait?

If the date of the last ovulation is known, and more than 21 days have passed since its moment, and the test is negative, then it is worth visiting a gynecologist to exclude the possibility of an ectopic pregnancy, especially if symptoms such as pain or spotting are present.

On what day will the pregnancy test test positive if the cycle is irregular?

If your cycle is irregular, calculate the latest date of expected ovulation. Add the length of your longest cycle to your last period and subtract 14. This will be your ovulation date for that cycle. Add about 15-16 days to this date - at this time the test should already show the correct result.

What does it mean if in a pregnancy test one strip is bright and the other is pale?

You are most likely pregnant. Repeat the test 1-2 days later on morning urine.

That's all. I hope we were able, if not to answer all your questions, then at least give an idea of \u200b\u200bhow my mother's body works in the early stages of pregnancy. If you have any questions, you can ask them in the comments. And if you have already found two strips on your test, then we advise you to read the article: “I'm pregnant. 5 things to do early in pregnancy ”

The development of an embryo is a long, complex and interesting process. After all, after the fusion of a tiny egg and sperm, a new person will be born in just 9 months. In its development, the future child will go through several stages, and the so-called critical periods of the development of the embryo, and will successively be called either an embryo, then a fetus, until the moment of birth.

Embryo development stages

The development of a human embryo begins from the moment of conception, the fusion of a sperm and an egg with the formation of a zygote, which will pass several divisions in three days. On the fourth day, it looks like a raspberry in shape, and consists of 58 cells. Of these cells, 5 will be needed for the formation of the future placenta, chorion and umbilical cord, the remaining 53 will ensure the further development of the fetus.

From the 7th to the 14th day from the moment of conception, expectant mothers should be especially careful - this is the first critical period of pregnancy: the moment of implantation of the embryo into the uterine wall. The embryo may not be implanted for many reasons, including:

• exposure to toxic substances;
• intense physical activity;
• mechanical impact;
• deep bedding of blood vessels;
• pathology of the structure and tone of the uterus.

In case of successful implantation, the embryo is anchored in the wall of the uterus next to the surface vessels that will provide nutrition and development.

From 13 to 18 days, the fetus is surrounded by the mucous membrane of the uterine wall, and is in close contact with the myometrium. In this case, the shell of the embryo forms chorionic villi, which will become the basis of the ovum, chorion and the future umbilical cord. At this moment, active cell division begins, the formation of a primitive circulatory system, an amniotic sac is formed.

From 18-21 days, when the heart of the embryo begins to beat, the viability of the unborn child is determined by ultrasound. This is done in order to diagnose a frozen pregnancy, which sometimes happens in the early stages of embryo development and is combined with the absence of heart contractions.

The first month of pregnancy is coming to an end (months and weeks in obstetrics are counted from the last menstruation, and days from conception).

Begins 5-8 weeks, the second month of pregnancy. It is also considered critical, since all organs and systems are laid. It is in this period that one of the main provisional organs is formed - the umbilical cord, which consists of a plexus of arteries and veins, and provides nutrition and metabolic processes of the embryo, while, which is formed a week later, prevents the mixing of the mother's and child's blood, simultaneously performing the hematopoietic function ...

On the 20-22 day from the moment of conception, the rudiments of the brain and spinal cord, intestines are formed, then after 4 days the rudiments of the sensory organs are formed - eyes, ears, nose, mouth, the tail is clearly visible. From the second month of development, the embryo is already called the fetus. In this period, the CTE (coccygeal-parietal size) of the embryo is 5-8 mm. The head is at right angles to the body, the limbs develop, the heart is formed.

At 6 weeks, the CTE of the embryo increases to 15 mm, the tail is bent towards the body. Starting from 7-8 weeks - teeth, musculoskeletal apparatus of the embryo are formed. Bones are translucent, very thin, are translucent through transparent skin, and are composed of cartilage tissue. The upper and lower limbs are gradually formed. The formation of the intestinal tube ends, the cloaca is divided into two sections. At the end of the second month, the embryo has formed the rudiments of all sense organs, the intestinal tube, the brain and spinal cord, the heart, and part of the vessels.

The embryo takes on a human face, the tail disappears, and the limbs are formed. This is followed by another critical period, since all newly formed organs are very vulnerable to any toxic substances. But the fetus is no longer called an embryo. This means that we have described the process of embryo development in full.

After the ovarian puncture procedure, four to five days pass and the most exciting moment comes - embryo transfer. The planting process itself takes about five minutes. However, the most crucial period will come just after that. What is the best thing to do after embryo transfer?

After the transplant, it is extremely important for the patient to take care of herself. No unnecessary movements, excessive activity, carrying heavy weights. Sometimes you can take walks. It is better to follow this regimen up to 10 days after the embryo transfer.

Symptoms after embryo replanting

For the first two weeks, apparently nothing happens. The patient cannot experience any special sensations when the embryo is implanted into the uterine wall. But at the same time, continuous processes occur in the uterine cavity itself, leading to implantation, as well as the beginning of pregnancy.

During this time, a woman may experience dizziness, headaches, drowsiness, nausea, and breast swelling. However, these symptoms are not indicative of the success or failure of the in vitro fertilization protocol until 12 days after embryo transfer.

On the fourteenth day, a hCG test is shown, as well as a blood test for hCG. It should be noted that it makes no sense to do the hCG test earlier than this period, since it will not be indicative, for example, on the seventh day after the embryo transfer. At this time, two clear stripes indicate the onset of pregnancy, but with an unclear second strip or its absence, it is still impossible to say that everything is unsuccessful.

That is, positive test results even earlier than 14-18 days after the embryo transfer indicate the presence of pregnancy, but negative results are not always an indicator of failure. For this reason, doctors are not advised to carry out tests ahead of time, so as not to be upset ahead of time.

What is the woman's condition after embryo transfer?

It is extremely important to monitor your own condition in order not to miss the signs of a dangerous complication after in vitro fertilization - ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, which usually develops gradually. This is manifested by bloating, headaches, fog and blurred vision, puffiness. Such a condition indicates the need for urgent medical assistance and correction of the supporting program.

How the embryo develops after replanting

Day 0 after embryo transfer - the embryo develops and grows, it has already reached the blastocyst stage.
1 day after embryo transfer - the blastocyst hatches from its shell.
The second day after the embryo transfer - the blastocyst is fixed on the uterine wall.
The third day after the embryo transfer - implantation begins, the blastocyst begins the process of implantation into the uterine wall.
Day 4 after replanting the embryo - the implantation process continues, and the morula grows deeper into the wall of the uterus.
Day 5 after replanting the embryo - the morula is completely implanted in the uterine wall, it already has a placenta and germ cells.
6 days after replanting the embryo - the cells of the placenta begin to produce hCG into the blood.
The seventh (7) day after embryo transfer - hCG is more pronounced as the embryo develops.
Day 8 after replanting the embryo is characterized by the production of more hCG as the embryo continues to develop.
Day 9 after embryo transfer - the level of hCG is high enough for a blood test to show.
Day 18 after embryo transfer - the embryo reaches four millimeters in length. This stage in the development of the human embryo is extremely important. It is at this stage that the beginning of the formation of most of the organs of the system, formed from the sheets of the epiblast of the embryo (ectoderm, ectoderm and mesoderm), occurs. The ectoderm is responsible for the development of tooth enamel, the nervous system, the upper layers of the skin, the senses, hearing and vision. The endoderm creates a system for breathing and digestion. The mesoderm is responsible for the formation of the skeleton, excretory, reproductive, and cardiovascular systems. By the end of the third week, a notochord is formed in the embryo - the future spine.

In the fourth week, the gill arches, the rudiments of the arms and legs are formed. In the same period of time, the rudiments of the brain, heart, respiratory system, pancreas and liver are formed. At this stage of development of the embryo, its body begins to separate - its longitudinal and lateral bending begins.

Towards the end of the first month after embryo replanting, the entire muscular system, legs and arms, as well as the entire spine, are already quite well formed. In addition, at this time, bubbles begin to form on the face of the embryo, which will become eyes in the future. At the moment they are located on the sides. At this stage, very often the fetus stops developing and dies. Why doesn't the embryo develop? Usually, the cause of his death is genetic abnormalities that are incompatible with life, or any pathological conditions of the sperm or egg.