Game "What is missing?" for the development of visual memory. Games for the development of memory and logic

28.06.2019

Well-developed attention and memory of the child is the key to success in school. If the child has a well-developed attention, then he monitors the situation in the classroom, listens carefully to the teacher, which means he remembers educational information well. At the beginning of schooling, along with attention, memory also plays a huge role. In elementary school, there is nowhere without a developed memory. Children in the first grade do not yet know how to write, so everything needs to be memorized, up to homework. The leading activity of preschoolers is the game, so the most effective way to develop the memory and attention of the child is the game. Memory and attention are strongly interconnected, so the games that have been developed are aimed at developing both memory and attention.

Didactic game "The Disappeared Object"

The game is intended for children from 5 years old, at least two people can play.

Purpose of the game: develop attention and short-term memory of children; to teach purposefully to memorize information, to cultivate honesty.

Materials: several small toys.

Game progress: If several children play on their own, at the beginning of the game you need to choose a driver, but if you play with one child, then it is advisable to take on the role of the leader. Several small toys are placed on the table. Children are invited to remember the items on the table. Then the players turn away, and the leader hides one object and invites the participants to guess which object has disappeared. For each correct answer, the presenter gives a chip. The one who collects the most chips wins.

Note: there are times when a child cannot cope with the game, because. he needs means of mastering voluntary attention and memorization, which are not yet available. As such a means, a “pointing gesture” was introduced with a finger (the child himself points) and a detailed speech description of those objects and their spatial arrangement that needs to be remembered and reproduced. The child is invited to take each toy in his hands (of those that need to be remembered), examine it, feel it, describe its appearance aloud, then also explain aloud to himself where the toy is located. “Explaining to yourself” is not accidental: another person could hardly understand this explanation, since group members often do not own the concepts of “left”, “right”, “up”, “down”. At first, this whole procedure is performed aloud, after a while in a whisper, and then to oneself. Then just point your finger at the toy. If you follow this method of memorization, the result is usually not bad. As soon as the child tries to just remember, mistakes begin again.

Didactic game "What has changed?"

The game is intended for children from five years old, at least two players can play.

Purpose of the game: develop voluntary attention and short-term memory; cultivate honesty.

Material: a few small toys or other items familiar to children.

Game progress: several small toys or other objects familiar to children are placed on the table. A leader is selected who invites the players to remember what and in what order is on the table. Then the facilitator invites the participants to turn away, and at this time he swaps several toys and invites the guys to guess what has changed on the table. For each correct answer, the presenter awards a chip. The one who collects the most chips wins.

If this game turns out to be difficult for the child, it is advisable to use the same memorization method as in the previous game.

Didactic game "Buttons"

The game is intended for children aged 5 and over (assuming the simplest selection of buttons). Two people can play.

Purpose of the game: develop the memory and attention of preschoolers; learn how to memorize things.

Materials: two identical sets of buttons(one for each player), and not a single button inside the set is repeated. The number of buttons from the set depends on the level of difficulty of the game: the more difficult the game, the more they are used. To begin with, you can take only three buttons, but at the same time, the players have the entire set from which these buttons were taken. Every player must have playing field, which is a square divided into cells. The more difficult the game, the more squares should be contained. To get started, you can take the playing field, which contains four or six cells.

Game progress: The starter of the game places three buttons on his field from the set of buttons he has. The second participant in the game must look at the location of the buttons, remember where which button lies, after which the first player covers his field with a handkerchief or sheet of paper, and the second must select the necessary buttons from his set and arrange them accordingly on his playing field. Then the first player opens his playing field, and both check the correctness of the task. While the game is at a primitive level, the time of memorization and playback is not taken into account, with the complication of the game, the time limit should become one of the conditions of the game. The player who doesn't make any mistakes wins.

For the child for whom this game will be difficult, it is advisable to use the same method of memorization as in the previous two games.

Didactic game "Chameleon"

The game is intended for children from 5 years old, any number of people can play, at least two. The game is played in the form of competitions.

Purpose of the game: develop the memory and attention of preschoolers, teach them to listen carefully and respond quickly; fix the names of the colors.

Material: chips for players.

Game progress: At the beginning of the game, you need to tell the children who the chameleon is. Explain that this is a lizard that changes its color depending on where it is located so that it is not noticeable. For example, if a chameleon climbs onto a gray rock, it will turn gray, and if it sits on yellow sand, it will turn yellow. Then the host begins to ask the players questions about what color the chameleon will become if it sits: in green grass, on a brown log, on a black stone, on gray asphalt, on a chessboard, etc. Children must respond quickly, after which the correct and incorrect answers are analyzed. At the beginning of the game, the answer time is not taken into account, it is only important to answer correctly, but then an additional condition is introduced that the winner will be the one who gives the correct answer the fastest. For each quick and correct answer, the player receives a chip. Whoever collects the most chips wins.

Didactic game "Mirror"

Up to two people can play. The game is suitable for children from four years old (depending on the complexity of the movements).

Purpose of the game: to develop the attention of preschoolers, physical activity, memory, fantasy.

Game progress: The leader is chosen, all the rest are a mirror. The host comes up with a movement, and the rest must repeat it exactly. The one who doesn't make a mistake wins.

Didactic game "Noisy pictures"

One person can play. The game is intended for children from 5 to 6 years old.

Purpose of the game: develop voluntary attention.

Materials: cards with the image of randomly intertwining lines, behind which an image is hidden, and maybe more than one.

Game progress: in front of the players there is a picture, which shows randomly intertwining lines, behind which the image is hidden - it must be found.

Didactic game "Fishermen"

Any number of people can play, at least two. The game is intended for children from four years old, if they are familiar with the activities of fishermen.

Purpose of the game: develop voluntary attention, motor activity, memory and fantasy.

Game progress: the players stand in a circle. They are fishermen. The leader is chosen, who stands in the center of the circle and shows the rest of the movements of the “fishermen”: “pulls the net”, “takes out the fish”, “rows with oars”, “throws the bait”, “repairs the net”, etc. The one from the players who repeats the movements incorrectly, he leaves the game. And the one who repeated best of all becomes the leader.

Appendix

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GAMES ON

DEVELOPMENT

MEMORY

Game "Remember - put"

Task: develop arbitrary visual memory, the ability to memorize a sequence of pictures (toys).

Equipment: 4 pictures with objects familiar to the child or 4 toys.

Description. After looking at the pictures (toys), the adult lays them out on the table and asks to remember how they lie one after another. After that, the pictures (toys) are mixed, and the child must arrange them in the original sequence and name them in order.

Game "What is missing?"

Task:

Equipment:

Description. After looking at the pictures (toys), the adult lays them out on the table and asks to remember how they lie one after another. Then the child closes his eyes, and the adult removes one of the pictures (toys) and aligns the disturbed row of objects. The child must remember which picture (or object) was removed, and show where he was.

By the age of five, the child should learn not only to show the location of the removed object, but also to tell about it, using the appropriate pretext. For example: "The picture with the doll is gone."

Game "What has changed?"

Task: develop visual memory and attention of children, teach them to memorize a sequence of pictures or details of a plot picture.

Equipment. I option: a row of 3-4 pictures or toys familiar to the child.

II option: one plot picture with a small one. the number of heroes and the details that characterize them, the other one is similar to it, but with slight differences.

Description. I option. An adult shows the child pictures or toys, names them, then puts (lays out) on the table and asks him to remember how they lie one after another. Then the child closes his eyes, the pictures (toys) are mixed, after which he needs to arrange them in a given sequence and name them in order.

II option. The child carefully examines the first plot picture, trying to remember in detail the objects on it. Then this picture is removed, and the second one is presented to the child. Having examined it, the child must answer the question "What has changed?" compared with the first and describe these differences in detail.

For example: “In the first picture, the bunny has a bow, and in the second, a tie. First, the hedgehog was in a red blouse and carried an apple on his back, and then the blouse turned blue, and there was a mushroom on his back.

Task: develop arbitrary visual memory, the ability to memorize the number and location of given objects.

Equipment: 3 pictures with objects familiar to the child or 3 toys.

Description. After looking at the pictures (toys), the adult lays them out on the table and asks to remember their sequence. Then the child closes his eyes, and the adult quietly adds some picture (or toy) that does not attract much attention. The child must name the original pictures (toys) and determine the extra one. By the age of 5, a complete answer to the question should be sought from the child. For example: “To the left of the doll, a typewriter (a book, a cube, etc.) has been added.”

The game "What's different?"

Task: develop arbitrary visual attention, teach to memorize a given sequence of objects.

Equipment: 3-4 pictures with objects familiar to the child or 3-4 toys.

Description. After looking at the pictures (toys), the adult lays them out on the table and asks to remember how they lie. Then the child closes his eyes, and the adult swaps any pictures (toys). The child must restore the original sequence of pictures (toys). By the age of 5, the child should accompany his actions with suggestions for the location of pictures (or toys). For example: "The picture with the ball lay first, followed by a doll, a pyramid," etc. or "They swapped the typewriter and the book."

The game "What's different?"

Task: develop children's visual memory and attention, teach them to carefully examine similar objects and compare them in detail, name similarities and differences between

Equipment: pairs of similar plot pictures that differ from each other in noticeable differences in details (color, shape, quantity, location).

Description. The child is first shown one picture, then, after examining it, another, after which he must name the differences between them from memory. If necessary, an adult can help the child with leading questions.

Game "Remember and write down the numbers"

Task: develop visual and motor memory, fine motor skills of children.

Equipment: card with 2-3 numbers written on it.

Description. An adult shows the child a card with numbers and offers to carefully consider them for 5-10 seconds, trying to remember how they go in order. Then the card is removed, and the child must name or write the numbers he sees in the given order.

Game "Repeat after me"

Task: develop visual and motor memory, coordination of movements in children, teach them to consistently repeat actions after an adult.

Description: An adult and a child stand opposite each other. An adult shows the child 5-6 movements immediately following each other, and the child must memorize their sequence and repeat on their own.

For example: hands up - forward - to the sides - on the belt - sit down; hands forward, crouch - hands up, stand up - hands on the belt, jump.

The game "Look - remember - draw"

Task: to develop visual and motor memory, fine motor skills in children.

Equipment: a card with 2-3 geometric shapes drawn on it, familiar to a child at this age.

Description. An adult shows the child a card with figures and offers to carefully examine them for 5-10 seconds and remember. Then the card is removed, and the child must draw the seen figures in the same order as in the sample.

Game "Remember Pairs"

Task: develop visual memory and associative thinking of children, train them in the ability to correlate objects that are suitable in meaning.

Equipment: subject pictures familiar to the child, from which pairs can be made that match each other in meaning.

Description. The pictures are shuffled and laid out on the table. An adult pronounces words for each of which the child selects the appropriate picture and a paired picture suitable for it in meaning.

For example: a vase - flowers, a dog - a collar, a key - a lock, a plate - a spoon, etc. As the training progresses, an adult can play a game by ear (without pictures), naming one word from a pair, and the child must remember and name the second.

The game "Remember - name"

Task: develop the visual memory of children, teach them to remember the number of given objects or pictures.

Equipment. I option: children 3-4 years old are presented with 4-5 pictures or well-known objects; for children 5 years old, the number of pictures or objects increases to 6-7 pieces.

II option: paired cards, one of which shows a certain (depending on the age of the child) number of items (see option I), on the other, several new ones are added to the number of items from the first card.

Description.

I option. The child examines a number of objects or pictures, counts them, and then names those that he remembers from memory.

II option. First, the first card is presented to the child, the child examines and names the objects depicted on it, counts them. Then
this card changes to the second, and the child must remember and name the items that were on the first card.

Game "Answer the questions"

Task: to develop visual memory in children, the ability to carefully examine the picture and memorize its details.

Equipment: plot pictures for viewing.

Description. After the child examines the picture, the adult removes it and asks questions about its content.

The instruction of an adult in this case may be as follows. First: “Look carefully what gifts his friends brought to the bunny for his birthday”; then: "Help the bunny remember who gave what."

Or first: “Try to remember who lives in which house,” then: “Remember who lives in which house.”

Game "Memorize the words"

Task: develop auditory memory and attention of children, expand their vocabulary.

Description. An adult slowly and clearly names words familiar to a child at this age and available to him for repetition: children 3-4 years old - 4-5 words; 5 years - 6-7 words. The players must repeat them in the same order. Missing words or rearranging them is not allowed.

At the initial stage, to facilitate the memorization process, words are selected that are related in meaning (for example, summer, a walk, bathing, a game, a ball), then they are completely different.

Game "Knock Like Me"

Task: to develop the auditory attention and memory of children, to train them in tapping out a given rhythm according to the model of an adult.

Description. An adult offers the child to listen to a simple rhythm that he will tap out and try to repeat it after him, keeping the number, frequency and strength of the beats.

Olga Kaigorodova

Methodical development (didactic games) educator 2 junior group of Kaigorodova Olga Vladimirovna

municipal budgetary preschool kindergarten educational institution general developing species No. 10 g. Slavyansk - on - Kuban municipal formation Slavyansky district

Didactic games aimed at sensory education and development of children.

My teaching activity is related to children younger preschool age. My students are 3 to 4 years old.. It is this age most favorable for improving the activity of the sense organs, the accumulation of ideas about the world. sensory development forms the basis of the general mental child development It is necessary for the successful education of the child. WITH perception objects and phenomena of the surrounding world, knowledge begins. All other forms of cognition are built on the basis of images. perception, are the result of their processing. Mastering knowledge and skills requires constant attention to the external properties of objects. (shape, color, size). I designed educational games taking into account the age and interests of children. Because when a child is interested, learning is more successful and effective. I have developed the following games: "Paired Pictures", "Guess by the Shadow", "Magic Train".

Limiting this enumeration didactic games, it is important to note that each game provides exercises that are useful for mental development of children and their upbringing. Role didactic games in sensory education is very large. Didactic The game helps the child to learn how the world around him works and expand his horizons. Didactic games perform a function - state control sensory development of children.

Thus, it can be confidently stated that the leading form sensory education are didactic games. Only with a certain system of conduct didactic games can achieve sensory development.

Didactic I selected the material taking into account the following principles: visibility, accessibility and strength, systematic and consistent. Suggested by me games are multifunctional, colorful, aesthetic and can be used not only by teachers of children's preschool institutions working with children younger preschool age but also parents and grandparents who love to play with their grandchildren.

"Paired Pictures"

Target games is to teach kids to compare the objects around them according to the totality of the distinguishing features, as well as according to their purpose. To do this, children are offered a special set of colorful paired pictures with attractive and varied content. The content of the pictures meets the natural need children to join the surrounding reality - objective, natural and social.

The game situation enables children to actively exchange impressions and, solving a learning problem, comprehend and realize their still small and unsystematized life experience. Execution of the rules games and adult questions guiding the viewing of pictures, comparing them, create favorable conditions for systematizing and enriching the child's ideas about the world around them. Comparing pictures, children learn to highlight the familiar qualities of objects (color, shape, size, purpose), and also get acquainted with the actions of living objects.

Thus, when solving the problem of choosing exactly the same picture for each picture, children learn to perform an elementary analysis and synthesis of the distinctive features of objects, to establish their identity or difference, and to determine what it consists of. At the same time, kids learn to convey in coherent speech the totality of features and the quality of the depicted objects, and thus take an important step towards their description. The game is played by a small group children, between which there is cognitive communication, which is important for their rapprochement and mutual understanding.

I was able to combine several in one game, that is, to make developed games multifunctional.

Didactic game №1

"Make pairs of subject pictures"

Target: to learn to distinguish and compare subject pictures with each other,

to name them correctly develop the ability to concentrate.

Game progress:

caregiver invites children to look at the pictures, name the objects that are depicted. Note that the pictures are repeated, i.e. they are paired. The teacher shows how to find a pair of identical pictures. Then he invites the children to complete this task.

Didactic game №2

"Pair by color"

Target: the ability to match pairs based on similar sensory attribute;

Game progress:

caregiver invites children to look at pictures with glued colored squares, asks them to name the color. Then he invites the children to pick up pairs of identical colored squares.

Didactic game №3

"Choose a picture by color"

Target: to consolidate knowledge of the basic 4 colors, develop visual perception.

Game progress:

The teacher shows the children, for example, a picture with yellow, asks what color it is and invites children to choose a subject picture of the same color.

Then he shows a picture with a green color, the children name the color and also select the picture.

Didactic game №4

"Guess the object that I will describe"

Target: enrich vocabulary children adjectives; develop thinking, Attention.

Game progress:

The teacher takes the card so that the children do not see the picture on it, and begins to describe the object. Children guess what it is. If the answer is correct, the teacher shows the answer.

Didactic game number 5

"What's missing?"

Target: develop attention.

Game progress:

caregiver lays out 3-4 cards with pictures in front of the children, asks them to carefully consider them. Children name things. Then the children close their eyes and the teacher hides 1 card. Children guess what item is missing.

"Guess by the Shadow"

This game created by me expands our understanding of the world around us, reinforces our understanding of what some animals eat; develop logical thinking; Attention; memory; spatial orientation (right, left, top, bottom, middle); visual perception(correlation of objects and their shadows); improves the grammatical structure of speech (working out and fixing the correct use of case endings of nouns in the genitive, dative, instrumental, accusative cases (in the process of answering questions: By whom? What do they eat? What do they love? What do they not eat? What (whom) see? What do you like? who like it).

Target: development of figurative thinking, attention, visual memory, improve speech children; formation of knowledge about the surrounding world.

Game progress:

caregiver invites children to look at pictures (silhouettes of wild and domestic animals).

"Magic Train"

This didactic math game for children of primary preschool age contains great opportunities to expand and consolidate knowledge about quantity: "one" and "lot"; about the equality of objects, to understand expressions: so many - how many, equally, one by one - many, none. My game can be used in the classroom and in your free time, in order to consolidate knowledge of geometric shapes, in order to development attention and imagination children.

Didactic game number 1

Target: develop sensory skills in children analytical skills and abilities perception; consolidate knowledge of colors; ability to identify patterns children act, according to the proposed algorithm.

Game progress:

caregiver invites the child to arrange the train cars according to a given algorithm. Showing by example first.

Didactic game number 2

Target: teach children distinguish geometric shapes; consolidate knowledge of colors; strengthening the ability to distinguish contrasting figures in size, using words "big", "little".

Game progress:

caregiver gives the children the task to attach windows to the trailers (geometric shapes, name the color, size, figure.

The didactic manual "Magic Caps" is made from improvised material.

Purpose: To develop in children the ability to group objects by color. To consolidate knowledge about yellow, blue, red, green colors. Develop fine motor skills. Develop children's interest in board games.

Didactic game is one of the important methods of active learning for preschool children. During the game, the child develops physically, learns to overcome difficulties. He brings up intelligence, resourcefulness, initiative.

The game is the leading activity of preschool children. Didactic games are one of the means of educating and educating children.

For this purpose, the didactic manual "Colored Caps" was created, which is multifunctional.

to name them correctly
develop the ability to concentrate.

Game progress:

The teacher invites the children to look at the pictures, name the objects that are depicted. Note that the pictures are repeated, i.e. they are paired. The teacher shows how to find a pair of identical pictures. Then he invites the children to complete this task.

develop visual perception.

Game progress: The teacher invites the children to look at the covers with pasted colored circles, asks to name the color. Then he invites the children to pick up pairs of identical colored circles.

Purpose: to consolidate knowledge of the main 4 colors, to develop visual perception.

Game progress: The teacher shows the children, for example, a lid with a yellow circle, asks what color it is and invites the children to pick up a subject picture of the same color. Then he shows a cover with a green circle, the children name the color and also select a picture.

Purpose: to enrich the vocabulary of children with adjectives; develop thinking, attention.

Game progress: The teacher takes the lid so that the children do not see the picture on it, and begins to describe the object. Children guess what it is. If the answer is correct, the teacher shows the answer.

Purpose: to develop attention.

Game progress: The teacher lays out 3-4 covers with pictures in front of the children, asks them to carefully consider. Children name things. Then the children close their eyes, and the teacher hides 1 lid. Children guess what item is missing.

Development of games for older children:

the ability to change nouns by numbers.

Game progress:

The teacher asks the children to make up a story based on the pictures. Pictures can be swapped, then the sequence of the story will change. You can replace the pictures, then the meaning of the story will change. If a single picture is used, then a singular noun should be used in the story, if paired pictures, then a plural noun.

Purpose: to teach to navigate in space, to develop mindfulness.

Game progress: The teacher lays out 4-5 covers with pictures in front of the children and offers to determine which picture lies between the other two, left, right.

You can arrange the pictures in 2 rows and then form the concept of “above”, “under” in children, ask them to name the picture in the upper right corner or in the lower left corner.

Download:

Preview:

DIDACTIC AID "COLOR COVERS"

The didactic manual "Magic Caps" is made from improvised material.

The game is the leading activity of preschool children. Didactic games are one of the means of educating and educating children.

What are didactic games for preschoolers? These are interesting games, during which the baby begins to be interested in such objects that practically do not interest him outside the game situation. In addition to the intellectual sphere, such didactic games are very closely intertwined with the emotional sphere of the baby, because the purpose of this game, in addition to gaining new knowledge, is also to give the child pleasure from the gaming process. The characteristic features of didactic games are that they are created by adults for the purpose of teaching and educating children. However, created for didactic purposes, they remain games. The child in these games is attracted, first of all, by the game situation, and while playing, he imperceptibly solves the didactic task. Each didactic game includes several elements, namely: a didactic task, content, rules and game actions. The main element of the didactic game is the didactic task. It is closely related to the program and educational areas. All other elements are subordinate to this task and ensure its implementation. Didactic tasks are varied. This can be knowledge (familiarization with the outside world: nature, flora and fauna, communication (speech development: fixing the correct sound pronunciation, enriching the dictionary, developing coherent speech). Didactic tasks can be associated with the consolidation of elementary mathematical concepts, the development of creative abilities.
For this purpose, the didactic manual "Colored Caps" was created, which is multifunctional.

Didactic game "Make pairs of subject pictures"

Purpose: to teach to distinguish and compare subject pictures among themselves,
to name them correctly
develop the ability to concentrate.

Game progress:

Didactic game "Pair by color"

Purpose: the ability to select pairs based on a similar sensory attribute;
develop visual perception.

Game progress: The teacher invites the children to look at the covers with pasted colored circles, asks to name the color. Then he invites the children to pick up pairs of identical colored circles.

Didactic game "Pick a picture by color"

Purpose: to consolidate knowledge of the main 4 colors, to develop visual perception.

Didactic game "Guess the object that I will describe"

Purpose: to enrich the vocabulary of children with adjectives; develop thinking, attention.

Didactic game "What's missing"

Purpose: to develop attention.

Development of games for older children:

Didactic game "Make up a story"

Purpose: development of coherent speech using reference subject pictures;
the ability to change nouns by numbers.

Game progress:

Didactic game "Find the location of the object"

Purpose: to teach to navigate in space, to develop mindfulness.

Game progress: The teacher lays out 4-5 covers with pictures in front of the children and offers to determine which picture lies between the other two, left, right.

You can arrange the pictures in 2 rows and then form the concept of “above”, “under” in children, ask them to name the picture in the upper right corner or in the lower left corner.