Why pregnant women should not whiten. Hair manipulation. Why pregnant women should not take medicinal herbs

11.07.2019

What can and cannot be done to women during pregnancy? What habits should they get rid of as soon as possible so as not to harm the health of the unborn baby? How should their diet change while carrying a baby? What can not be done to women "in position" according to popular beliefs? What sports are good for the health of a young mother, and which ones can provoke a miscarriage or cause premature birth? The answers to all these questions can be found in this article.

What should not be done during early pregnancy?

The first and most important thing that future mothers should give up is the use of alcoholic beverages and cigarettes. Starting from 3-4 weeks and ending at 12-13, the formation of the internal organs of the baby takes place. It is at this time that it is especially important to try to limit the ingress of harmful substances into the mother's body in order to preserve the health, and sometimes the life of the crumbs.

Smoking and drinking "fun" drinks in the early stages can lead to early toxicosis, a difficult pregnancy. In addition, these habits can cause a child to be born with a heart defect and other health problems. So, a baby can be born with the wrong proportions of the body. Smoking and alcohol consumed by the mother in the first trimester can cause strabismus, and as well as eyelid prolapse in the baby. Children whose mothers drank or smoked, as a rule, are born with low immunity and poor memory. They are usually far behind their peers in development.

Additionally Women who are carrying a baby should give up sports training. They can cause spontaneous miscarriage.

Expectant mothers are contraindicated to be nervous. They need to look at all the hardships of life with a smile. Don't worry about trifles. If something serious happened, then you should try not to think about it, or, as psychologists advise, try to find something good in what happened.

The health and life of the baby depends on the state of mind of the expectant mother. She should remember that all the neuroses and stresses that she experiences in the early stages are transmitted to him. Due to the frequent experiences of a woman during pregnancy, her baby may at best be born weakened and nervous. At worst, she can "lose" the child during the period of its bearing.

We need to change our daily routine. If a young woman slept less than 6 hours a day before pregnancy, then it is time to change that. During the bearing of the crumbs, the expectant mother needs to rest as much as possible and should not be overworked. She should sleep at least 9 hours a day.

A girl "in position" should refuse to use all kinds of drugs, unless, of course, her life does not depend on them. We are talking about those cases when a pregnant woman has a serious illness, in which the maintenance of her health depends on the intake of certain medications. About how to continue to use them correctly so that the harm from them to the baby is minimal, you should check with your doctor.

Information With a cold, expectant mothers are prohibited from using vasodilating drops to facilitate breathing. They can't use antibiotics. Treatment of any disease should be prescribed only by a doctor. In no case should pregnant girls self-medicate.

Also, expectant mothers should. Now it should be exceptionally correct. No fast food, soda or chips. From now on, only healthy food.

Contraindications

A pregnant girl should not lie in a hot bath, as well as go to the bath or sauna.
Pregnant girls should not be engaged in repairs in the apartment or anywhere else. They should shift this responsibility to someone else.
The same can be said about general cleaning. It can only be carried out together with someone, while a woman carrying a baby should try to do only some simple work. It shouldn't require much effort from her.

If you need to clean up, but there is no one to help, then you need to take the following measures. First, choose a detergent with a mild odor. Secondly, during its use, be sure to wear rubber gloves on your hands. And thirdly, in no case do not forget to periodically ventilate the cleaned room.

It is forbidden for expectant mothers to beat carpets. This action requires them to make sharp and jerky movements, and this is by no means useful for pregnant girls, it can even be said, on the contrary, is harmful.
Do not climb high surfaces. For example, it is not recommended to climb on a chair. A girl carrying a child may feel dizzy, because of which she may lose her balance, lose her balance and fall. The consequences can be tragic. Therefore, painting floors, walls, ceilings, as well as washing windows, she should be entrusted to someone else.
Under no circumstances are you allowed to lift weights. The weight of a bag or any other item that a pregnant woman lifts should not exceed 2-3 kg.

The rearrangement of furniture in the house should be done by a husband, friend, father-in-law, but not a future mother. It's too much of a burden for her. This type of activity can cause her to bleed associated with abruption of the placenta, which in the future or premature birth.

Pregnant women are not allowed to sit still for a long time. This happens, for example, when a woman sews or knits. These activities are undoubtedly very exciting, however, because of them, her body is constantly in tension. The joints become numb, the back (most often the lumbar region) begins to hurt badly. Because of this, blood circulation worsens, the amount of oxygen supplied to the body of a woman, and then the baby, decreases. Because of this, fetal hypoxia may occur, and the woman will have to undergo treatment in a hospital. To prevent this from happening, expectant mothers during such classes should observe the following conditions:

while knitting or sewing, sit straight, while leaning on the back of a chair or armchair;
in no case do not cross your legs;
get up every 40 minutes and do a warm-up for about 5-10 minutes or just walk around the room.

What not to do in the first trimester (weeks 1-13)	What not to do pregnant in the second semester (14-26 weeks)	What not to do during the third semester (weeks 27-40)
Drink "fun" drinks, smoke cigarettes or weed, use drugs.	Wear uncomfortable and tight clothing.	Lie on your back.
Dye your hair with poor quality paint. The same can be said for painting nails with cheap varnish.	There is flour, sweet and fried. If you really want them, then you need to use them in very small quantities.	Fly on a plane.
Eat poorly processed foods, as well as dirty vegetables or fruits.	Carry heavy bags.	Be nervous or panic.
Take medication.	Do heavy physical exercise.	Drink lots of fluids.
Stay in rooms with patients with measles or rubella, if the pregnant woman has not had them before.	Eat high calorie foods.	Do physical exercises.
Take a hot bath.	Drink herbal teas and herbal teas.	Drinking, smoking, or being in the same room as smokers.
Have unprotected sex with different partners. In some cases, intimate relations with a permanent partner may be prohibited. This happens if there is a threat of miscarriage.	Lie in a hot bath, especially with the use of essential oils in it. Also, you can not go to the bath, solarium and sauna.	Take medication without a doctor's prescription.
Pregnant women are not allowed to be nervous.	Experience stress.	Walk in high heels.
Lift weights.	Make love if the pregnancy is complicated.	It is contraindicated for pregnant women to lift weights.
Clean up the toilet after the cats.	Also avoid contact with sick people.	Wear uncomfortable clothes.
Do x-rays or x-rays.		Listen to loud music.
Eat badly.

What should pregnant women not eat?

“Eat whatever you want. Since the body requires some kind of product or drink, it means that it needs it, so you can eat everything without restrictions! is an extremely false statement. Women "in position" just need to strictly monitor what they use, otherwise they can greatly harm the health of the baby. So, consider what you can not eat during pregnancy, as well as what you can, but in moderation.

Information In no case should you eat stale and expired foods, dirty vegetables or fruits, as well as meat and fish that have not undergone proper heat treatment.

What can you eat during pregnancy, but be careful?

Chocolate (no more than 20-30 grams per day).
Butter.
Coffee (1 cup per day) or tea (2 cups per day).
Fatty fish (no more than 300 grams in 7 days).
Cod liver (once a week you can eat a small piece).
Salt (4-6 grams per day).
Seafood.
Fat meat.
Fast food (1 time per month).
Mayonnaise, mustard, ketchup and horseradish.

Women during pregnancy are prohibited from engaging in any active sports. So, they can’t play football, volleyball or basketball, skate or roller skate. Swimming is considered the only sport that is not prohibited for pregnant women. Although there are some limitations here.

During pregnancy, you can not stretch the abdominal muscles, otherwise the tone of the uterus may occur or a miscarriage or premature birth may occur. Therefore, women "in position" are forbidden to do any exercises during which the abdominal muscles tense. Let us consider in more detail which of them pregnant women should refuse:

squats;
lifting dumbbells;
hand presses;
any exercises on the press;
twisting;
jumping;
lunges;
exercises performed lying on your back;
weight lifting.

Additionally It is not recommended to exercise during pregnancy in the first trimester! Only starting from the second, you can already think about doing any exercises, but still, before you start doing them, you should consult your doctor. He will tell you exactly what a woman “in position” can and cannot do. If the pregnancy is difficult, then he can prohibit any kind of training and prescribe a girl who is carrying a baby, complete rest.

What can not be done after conception according to folk signs?

There are many signs that can somehow change fate. For example, it is believed that if a person accidentally breaks a mirror, then now only misfortunes will meet on his way. One more thing: if a girl looks like a dad and not a mom, then she will live a happy life.

Signs were invented a long time ago, no one knows what caused them, however, many still continue to believe them. So, let's consider what, according to popular signs, women are not allowed to do "in position":

look at ugliness, otherwise the child will be ugly;
buy things for the baby before he is born, as evil spirits may want to take them away. To achieve their goal, they can try in every possible way to get rid of the crumbs that are still in the womb;
stand or sit on the threshold. According to our ancestors, the threshold is the boundary between the outer world and the inner world. Sitting or standing on it, you can get a curse from otherworldly spirits;
You shouldn't play with cats during pregnancy. In ancient times, it was believed that because of such games, the baby would later have enemies who would deceive him in every possible way with the help of cunning. Also, our ancestors believed that because of playing with cats, a baby could grow subcutaneous hair, which would subsequently interfere with his sleep;
tell others about your pregnancy in the early stages;
look at carrion, and also spit on it, otherwise an unpleasant odor will come from the crumbs from the mouth;
in a sitting position, cross your legs. This can cause bow-legged or clubfoot in the crumbs;
step over brooms and logs. It is believed that because of this, the brownie may be offended by a pregnant girl and send misfortunes to her;
according to popular belief, a pregnant girl should not eat red berries. Ancient people believed that because of them, a child could develop scrofula;
cut hair;
beat animals, otherwise the child will be born nervous;
blow on fire, otherwise it will be difficult for the baby to breathe during childbirth;
brush your hair on Fridays. According to the ancients, because of this, childbirth will be difficult;
attend a funeral, go to a cemetery. This sign is explained by the fact that as long as the baby is in the mother's stomach, he does not have a guardian angel, and therefore evil spirits may try to take his soul for themselves;
eat fish. As our ancestors claimed, because of her, a baby can be born dumb;
knit, because because of this, the child can get tangled in the umbilical cord. Any knot tied by a pregnant woman can block the baby's path to the world of the living.

What is contraindicated for pregnant women on Easter?

Firstly, pregnant women should not go to the cemetery. There is a memorial week for this.
Secondly, do any housework. So, it is forbidden to sew, wash, cook, clean, wash, vacuum, plant anything. Swimming is not allowed on this holiday.
Thirdly, to indulge in love pleasures with a husband or any other man.

What should pregnant women not do on Good Friday?

On Good Friday, it is not allowed to sing, dance, have fun and shout, swear, drink alcohol, and also make love with a partner. On this day, instead of all of the above, you need to think about your life, as well as what Jesus Christ did for people.

As well as on Easter, in no case should pregnant women do housework, it is forbidden to swim. On this day, girls who are carrying a baby should spend time with their families reading the Bible and praying.

Ordinary people are forbidden to eat and drink until the service of Vespers. Only after the shroud is taken out are they allowed to eat some bread and drink water. This is due to the fact that Good Friday is considered the strictest day during the entire Great Lent. Pregnant women do not need to “mock” their bodies like that. Some people believe that not only can they fast, but they can’t even go to the temple. However, these are all prejudices of the elderly. If the future mother wants, then she can go to the service.

Of course, for every girl, pregnancy is one of the most important life stages. Throughout the entire time of bearing a child, a flurry of various tips and warnings falls on a woman. Interestingly, for each of them there is some supposedly really happened case. Fortunately, most of them are nothing more than ordinary myths that are picked up and spread by not very literate people. To know how to distinguish the wheat from the chaff, one must fully study, what is possible during pregnancy and what is not.

Consider the main points from what girls in position can do:

Have sex. If this does not cause any discomfort to you and your beloved man, then. In addition, it can give even more incredible emotions. Of course, you must first consult with your doctor.
Get a haircut. Whoever says anything, however, cutting and dyeing hair during pregnancy is not contraindicated. A woman has every right to look great always. The only thing to avoid is certain toxic substances.
To swim. Doctors recommend swimming during pregnancy as often as possible. Also, do not forget about the special aqua - aerobics. After all, it greatly relaxes and relieves stress.
Do needlework. It is not known where it came from that pregnant girls are strictly forbidden, for example, to embroider. If you want to entertain yourself then why not.
It's delicious to eat. Yes, most of the usual products will have to be excluded. However, it is enough to form your own correctly - and everything will be in order.
Physical exercise. If the doctor does not prohibit physical activity, then it is quite possible to do this in moderation. In general, yoga will be of great benefit.
Travel. If you wish, go where you want and on what you want. This is not forbidden. However, the closer the birth, the more it is recommended not to go far from your own apartment.

Now you need to understand what is strictly forbidden for a girl to do when she is carrying a child:

Drinking alcohol. It is under the strictest ban. Even a few glasses of red wine can adversely affect the health of the unborn baby. Moreover, alcohol can provoke a long and difficult birth, as well.
To smoke. Scientists have proven that a child can become addicted to smoking even at the stage when a girl is pregnant with him. Plus, immunity is weakened, and the lungs become not fully developed. If you are planning a pregnancy, it is recommended to give up nicotine a few months before its expected start.
Eating the wrong food. First of all, for the next nine months, you can forget about both raw eggs and scrambled eggs. Boiled milk is now banned. Also, you can not eat sushi, sausage, minced meat, blue cheese and raw meat.
Eat for two. The body needs only 200 kcal more during pregnancy. Overeating can lead to diabetes during pregnancy and make childbirth much more difficult.
To drink coffee. During pregnancy, a taboo is imposed on coffee, as well as strong black tea. Caffeine - this substance is found in both drinks, it can greatly harm the unborn baby.
self-medicate. Since immunity is significantly reduced, the girl begins to get sick more often. At this time, self-medication is strictly prohibited. Only a doctor can prescribe all the necessary medicines. And even more so, you do not need to look towards traditional medicine.
Take hot baths. If the water temperature is more than +39 degrees, then this can adversely affect the formation of the fetus.
To engage in the gym. Heavy physical activity is now banned.
Clean up the cat litter. There is a high risk of contracting toxoplasmosis.
Walk in high heels. Thus, an excessive load is created on the spine. After childbirth, you may begin to suffer from back pain.

It is categorically impossible to tell anyone about the upcoming appearance of the child.. In fact, you can do whatever you want. Nothing will happen because of this. The myth has gone back to the time when almost all people were terribly afraid of the evil eye. A kind of "hushing up" was the only way to deal with this problem.
It is forbidden to cut hair. Some girls still believe in him. The ancient peoples had many legends regarding hair. It was believed that if the girl cut her hair, she would destroy all the strength of the baby. Modern science does not confirm this myth.
The shape of the abdomen indicates who you will have - a girl or a boy. There are various theories about what shape a girl's belly should be in order to determine whether a son or daughter is born. In fact, only with the help of ultrasound is it possible to understand what gender the child is.
You will lose a tooth if you give birth to a child. This myth has partial confirmation. And dentists agree. During pregnancy, the gums become inflamed, and problems with the teeth appear. Therefore, visits to the doctor should be made more often.

Video about prohibitions during pregnancy

We offer you to watch a video about the main taboos during pregnancy, what lies behind them. What are the misconceptions.

Many women who have already become mothers recall with nostalgia those happy months when they were pregnant. Strangely enough, but they start to miss some prohibitions! Dear readers, how did your birth proceed? Share your experience with others!

Extreme sports, overseas delicacies, air travel - all this has become the norm for modern man. Maybe pregnant women should drop the restrictions and stop worrying about the development of the embryo? Unfortunately, women in position are in danger, which can lead to irreversible consequences. The future baby is especially susceptible to harmful effects during the period when there are still no noticeable signs of its existence. Therefore, it is important for expectant mothers to know what not to do during early pregnancy.

From the moment when a new life is born in a woman, she becomes more sensitive to environmental factors. Over the next nine months, her body will work for two, so during gestation, the expectant mother needs a particularly careful attitude. But her baby is even more vulnerable to the action of adverse factors. During pregnancy, a whole organism is formed from two small cells, so it is very important that development processes proceed without errors. And a woman in position should do everything possible to contribute to this, protecting the embryo from potentially harmful influences as much as possible.

What absolutely can not be done during pregnancy

Teratogenic factors are environmental agents that cause a violation of the development of the embryo. Depending on the duration of pregnancy and the method of exposure, they either stop it or lead to malformations. Every woman of reproductive age should have an idea of what absolutely cannot be done during pregnancy. The use of drugs, alcohol, smoking - these are bad habits that can cost the life and health of your unborn baby. Also, absolute contraindications during pregnancy, regardless of its duration:

exposure to ionizing radiation- radiation therapy, radioactive iodine preparations);
work with toxic products- their waste, paint and varnish production;
contact with infectious patients- rubella, toxoplasmosis, cytomegalovirus are the most dangerous;
taking medications - including herbal ones.

The influence of hazardous factors depending on the trimester

Caution should be exercised throughout pregnancy, however, sensitivity to the effects of adverse environmental agents varies depending on the gestational age. For example, an awkward fall will cause much more trouble at the end of pregnancy, but fluorography is more dangerous at the beginning.

In the first week after conception, the “All or Nothing” law works: under the influence of teratogenic factors in the first days, the embryo either dies or continues to develop without deviations. If pregnancy is desired, and the goal is to bear and give birth to a healthy child, then you need to protect yourself from possible risks.

First 12 weeks

In the first trimester, pregnant women should not do anything that can lead to a miscarriage. Anything not to do after conception usually extends to a subsequent pregnancy, it just becomes more obvious as time goes by. If you exclude absolute contraindications, the list of which is indicated above, then you should be wary of the following risk factors.

Extreme sports

What is the danger. The release of adrenaline after skydiving or visiting a roller coaster, lack of oxygen when conquering an alpine peak can cause malnutrition of the embryo and contribute to its rejection.

Ways to reduce risk

Completely abandon the extreme.
Reduce the load on those who are involved in active sports.
Go to the gym for special classes for pregnant women.

weight lifting

What is the danger. With the onset of pregnancy, hormonal changes affect the ligamentous apparatus and make it more vulnerable to overload. It has been proven that the risk of miscarriage increases with regular lifting of objects weighing more than 10 kg.

Ways to reduce risk

In the first trimester, do not wear heavy things heavier than 10 kg.
Switch to light work if the work involves heavy lifting.
With the threat of interruption, completely limit the lifting of weights.

Hot tub

What is the danger. If you take a hot bath with a water temperature of 40 ° C, then a pregnant woman is in considerable danger: some have high blood pressure, the outflow of blood from the brain can cause fainting. Another threat is uterine bleeding. For the same reason, it is forbidden to soar legs at any stage of pregnancy.

Ways to reduce risk

By the end of the first trimester, you can take warm baths up to 35 ° C.
Keep the stomach and heart area above the surface of the water.
Do not take a bath when no one is at home.
Do not visit the sauna, bath.

X-ray examination

What is the danger. In the first trimester of pregnancy, the cells of the embryo actively divide and all the organs of the future baby are laid. X-rays can disrupt this process.

Ways to reduce risk

When planning a pregnancy, undergo a study in the first half of the menstrual cycle.
If there is a possibility of a delay, take pictures at a later date.
In an emergency, take a picture under the protection of a lead screen.
Conduct digital screening.

Dental treatment

What is the danger. All teeth should be treated at the planning stage. Carious cavities are a source of infection. Medicines that are used in dentistry are contraindicated for pregnant women.

Ways to reduce risk

Treat your teeth before pregnancy.
If time is lost, then go to the dentist in the second trimester.
In an emergency, the doctor uses drugs without adrenaline.
Do not take pictures in the first trimester.
When removing a tooth, use approved antibiotics.
Do not place implants.

Pregnancy is not a contraindication to the installation of braces for straightening teeth, but individual pain sensitivity must be taken into account in order to exclude the use of painkillers.

Cosmetic procedures

What is the danger. It all depends on the type of intervention chosen and the qualifications of the cosmetologist. During pregnancy, you should refrain from injection cosmetology. This is due to the fact that the drugs used have not been clinically tested during pregnancy, allergic reactions are possible. Procedures that can affect the general blood flow are absolutely prohibited, and these are many types of hardware cosmetology.

Ways to reduce risk

Nourish and moisturize the skin with cosmetics for pregnant women.
Limit cosmetic procedures to peeling and cleansing of the face.
Epilation should be carried out only if the pain is tolerable.
Prefer depilation and shaving.
Do not visit the solarium.

Facial cleansing and peeling are not prohibited, however, it must be remembered that after conception, a natural weakening of immunity occurs, so there is a high risk of infection. Depilatory creams should also be selected with caution - if you are prone to allergies, you should refuse them.

mid-term

The middle of pregnancy is rightfully called the golden period - early toxicosis and all the inconveniences associated with it have already passed, and the stomach is not yet large enough to serve as a source of discomfort. The second trimester is the best time to travel, visit schools for expectant mothers, physical activity and outdoor recreation. But pregnant women in the second trimester are not allowed to do certain things.

Wardrobe selection. Say no to tight jeans and high heels. For the proper development of the baby, the blood supply to the pelvic organs must be satisfactory. Tight clothing not only squeezes the stomach, it serves as an obstacle to normal blood flow. Therefore, from the beginning of the second trimester, it makes sense to give preference to loose dresses and cute "pregnant" overalls. There are brave mothers who do not take off their heels even in the delivery room. But to reduce the load on the back and prevent the appearance of uterine tone, it is worth choosing shoes with a flat sole.
Proper nutrition. “We are what we eat,” and in relation to the developing fetus, this expression seems even more true. It is advisable for the expectant mother to reconsider her diet for the content of vitamins and minerals, consume sour-milk products, eat more seasonal vegetables and fruits, give preference to lean meats. If there is a tendency to arterial hypertension and edema, then it is worth reducing the intake of table salt. Is there anything that should not be eaten? There are no special dietary restrictions for pregnant women, but it is important to choose quality products.

If there is no tendency to allergies, then all fruits are allowed, including citrus fruits. Moms who are gaining body weight according to the schedule can have both chocolate and muffins. The main thing is to observe the measure.

The final stage

What can not be done by pregnant women in the third trimester is dictated by the body itself. Every week, body weight grows, a large belly changes gait and compresses the abdominal organs. The expectant mother may be disturbed by heartburn, shortness of breath, swelling and dizziness. All this affects the daily activities of a pregnant woman. The main restrictions during this period are associated with physical activity. What movements can not be done during the third trimester of pregnancy.

sit cross-legged. Doctors do not recommend crossing your legs, as this leads to poor blood flow and reduces the amount of blood flowing to the fetus.
Raise your hands up. Active movements of the hands can cause a shift in the center of gravity and lead to a fall of the pregnant woman. Also, reflexively, the uterus can enter into tone, which is fraught with premature birth.
Play outdoor games. Excessive physical activity is difficult to tolerate: a pregnant woman does not have enough air, her stomach prevents her from moving. Careless movement may result in a fall and injury.

Driving a car is not contraindicated for pregnant women. If a woman is an experienced car enthusiast, then the comfort in a personal car is much better than public transport with infections and the risk of getting hit by inattentive passengers. Some ladies even pass the law exam, being in an interesting position. However, this applies to pregnancy without complications. If the expectant mother is worried about arterial hypertension, there are problems with the cervix, or she is just nervous while driving a car, then it is better to transfer control to a loved one or use a taxi.

In late pregnancy, you should limit yourself to travel. It doesn’t matter which vehicle is used, any of them is an extra risk:

the train is shaking and lack of amenities, lack of medical care;
car transfers- stiff legs and uncomfortable posture can limit the flow of oxygen to the fetus;
flight by plane- pressure drops and the risk of thrombosis.

If a trip cannot be avoided, then it is worth consulting with a specialist and choosing a suitable means of transportation. But it is worth remembering that some airlines do not accept pregnant women on board at a later date.

Woman in position and work

In Russia, maternity leave starts at 30 weeks with a singleton pregnancy, but there are some types of work that pregnant women cannot do at any time:

interaction with radiation- occurs at work, at radiologists;
work with toxic substances- agronomists, chemists, the sphere of repair and production suffer;
night shifts - doctors, dispatchers, service workers;
frequent flights - stewardesses, train conductors;
lifting weights- storekeepers, plasterers-painters.

A pregnant woman should not be forced to work overtime and be sent on business trips. If the current rate does not provide for easier working conditions, then the expectant mother can be transferred to another position with pay.

Many pregnant women are interested in the question of whether intimacy is allowed in late gestation. Doctors unequivocally answer: if the pregnancy proceeds without complications, and the sexual partner does not suffer from infectious diseases, then regular sex life during this period is even useful. Orgasm improves blood circulation in the pelvic organs, and seminal fluid contains prostaglandins that prepare the cervix for childbirth.

What do people say

Since ancient times, there have been folk signs and superstitions associated with pregnancy. Some of them are justified, others are just a tribute to traditions.

Hair manipulation

Since ancient times, there has been a belief that pregnant women should not cut their hair. Recently, a veto on hair coloring has been added to this. Many pregnant women can be unmistakably identified in antenatal clinics precisely by overgrown, unkempt hairstyles.

Here is what is hidden under this ban: in ancient times, a woman radically cut her hair only once, crossing the threshold of her husband's house. Losing hair was considered shameful. Therefore, there was no talk of a haircut during pregnancy. This limitation is without foundation. Modern pregnant women can safely indulge themselves with hairstyles of the length and shape they want.

The same is true with hair coloring. However, it is worth dyeing your hair in a hairdresser with spacious ventilated rooms. The idea to change the color should be abandoned by pregnant women with a tendency to allergic reactions.

Prohibition on any work on holidays

If the schedule allows you to keep the church calendar, then there is no reason to worry. Not a single pregnant woman has yet been harmed by an extra day of rest on church holidays. If this is not possible, then believing expectant mothers can visit the church and consult with the priest. Perhaps there is some kind of compromise. The main thing to remember is that it is much worse for the baby if his mother is nervous because of the omen.

One of the signs, which are based on a rational grain. Cats are carriers of an infectious disease - toxoplasmosis, which is extremely dangerous for the fetus, regardless of the gestational age.

But do not rush to drive the unfortunate animal out of the house. It is necessary to donate blood for the presence of antibodies to toxoplasma. If there are immunoglobulins G in the body of a pregnant woman to an infection, this is a sign that she has met with Toxoplasma before. This means that the infection does not threaten the embryo. It is worth examining the cat. There is a good chance that the animal is healthy and does not pose any danger. As a preventive measure, you can trust someone close to clean the toilet after the cats.

Among all the prohibitions and restrictions that surround a woman in a position, the most important thing not to do during pregnancy is to lose your presence of mind and optimism. Despite the excitement, you need to believe that pregnancy is a wonderful period, which will certainly end with a meeting with the baby.

Pregnancy is a physiological process in which a new human body develops in a woman's uterus, resulting from fertilization.

Pregnancy in women it lasts on average 280 days(40 weeks, which corresponds to 9 calendar months or 10 lunar months). It is also customary to divide pregnancy into 3 trimesters of 3 calendar months each.

Early pregnancy signs

In the early stages, pregnancy is diagnosed on the basis of doubtful and probable signs.

Doubtful signs of pregnancy- various kinds of subjective sensations, as well as objectively determined changes in the body, outside the internal genital organs: taste whims, changes in olfactory sensations, easy fatigue, drowsiness, skin pigmentation on the face, along the white line of the abdomen, nipples and areola.

Likely signs of pregnancy- objective signs on the part of the genitals, mammary glands and when staging biological reactions to pregnancy. These include: the cessation of menstruation in women of childbearing age, an increase in mammary glands and the appearance of colostrum when squeezing out of the nipples, cyanosis of the mucous membrane of the vagina and cervix, changes in the shape and consistency of the uterus, and an increase in its size.

You can preliminarily verify the presence of pregnancy at home using an express test for the content of the hormone chorionic gonadotropin in a woman's urine (the test is carried out from the first day of the delay in the next menstruation).

It allows you to confirm the fact of pregnancy.

Changes in the body of a pregnant woman

Numerous and complex changes occur in a woman's body during pregnancy. These physiological changes create conditions for the intrauterine development of the fetus, prepare the woman's body for childbirth and breastfeeding of the newborn. Menstruation stops, mammary glands increase in volume, nipples darken.

Many pregnant women in the first trimester have nausea, sometimes vomiting - these symptoms are commonly called. Weakness, drowsiness, heartburn, salivation, change in taste, and frequent urination are common. These disorders of well-being are characteristic of a healthy and normal pregnancy.

Especially great changes occur in the genitals of a woman. The uterus increases with each, the blood supply to the internal and external genital organs increases. The tissues swell, acquire elasticity, which contributes to their better stretching during childbirth. In the mammary glands, the number and volume of glandular lobules increase, their blood supply increases, they become tense, from the nipples. The amount of gonadotropic hormones, as well as estrogens and progesterone, produced first by the corpus luteum (a temporary gland formed at the site of the follicle, from which the mature egg came out) and then, sharply increases. The hormones secreted by the corpus luteum (progesterone and, to a lesser extent, estrogens) contribute to the creation of conditions for the proper development of pregnancy. The corpus luteum undergoes reverse development after the fourth month in connection with the formation of the hormonal function of the placenta.

For the management of pregnancy, it is necessary (after 3 to 4 weeks after a delay in menstruation), where the doctor examines and examines the external and internal genital organs, and if necessary, additional examinations are prescribed.

Genitals during pregnancy

Uterus. During pregnancy, the size, shape, position, consistency and reactivity (excitability) of the uterus change. The uterus gradually enlarges throughout the pregnancy. The enlargement of the uterus occurs mainly due to hypertrophy of the muscle fibers of the uterus; at the same time there is a multiplication of muscle fibers, the growth of newly formed muscle elements of the reticular fibrous and argyrophilic "frame" of the uterus.

The uterus is not only a fruit receptacle that protects the fetus from adverse external influences, but also a metabolic organ that provides the fetus with enzymes, complex compounds necessary for the plastic processes of a rapidly developing fetus.

Vagina during pregnancy, it lengthens, expands, the folds of the mucous membrane protrude more sharply. The external genitals are loosened during pregnancy.

Pregnant woman lifestyle, regimen, nutrition and hygiene

The developing fetus receives all the necessary nutrients from the mother. The well-being of the fetus depends entirely on the health of the mother, her working conditions, rest, the state of the nervous and endocrine systems.

Pregnant women are released from night shifts, heavy physical work, work associated with body vibration or adverse effects on the body of chemical. substances. During pregnancy, jerky movements, heavy lifting and significant fatigue should be avoided. A pregnant woman needs to sleep at least 8 hours a day. Walking is recommended before bed.

A pregnant woman must be carefully protected from infectious diseases, which pose a particular danger to the pregnant woman's body and the fetus.

During pregnancy, you must especially carefully monitor the purity of the skin. Purity of the skin promotes the elimination of metabolic products harmful to the body through sweat.

A pregnant woman should wash her external genitals with warm water and soap twice a day. Douching during pregnancy should be administered with great caution.

During pregnancy, you should carefully monitor the state of the oral cavity and make the necessary.

The mammary glands should be washed daily with warm water and soap and wiped off with a towel. These methods prevent cracked nipples and mastitis. If, then you should massage them.

Pregnant clothes should be comfortable and loose: do not wear tightening belts, tight bras, etc. In the second half of pregnancy, it is recommended to wear a bandage that should support the abdomen, but not squeeze it.

The pregnant woman should wear low-heeled shoes.

For many girls, everything related to pregnancy and childbirth causes a panic state. And when the time comes to think about offspring, fear prevents you from focusing on the main thing - the birth of a child, makes you devote all your thoughts to the possible negative aspects of both processes. There is another extreme - the belief that nature will do everything itself, so there is nothing to worry about at all. Both points of view are wrong. Pregnancy and childbirth are natural processes. But a woman must prepare for them mentally and physically, have enough knowledge about how this happens, do everything in her power for the safe bearing and birth of a healthy baby.

Read in this article

The need for this is caused not only by the material resources of the family. Here the most important thing is the health of both parents, their readiness for the birth of a child, the creation of favorable conditions for this. The process should be started 2-3 months before the intended fertilization. It includes:

Quit smoking and alcohol;
Normalization of nutrition with the obligatory use of a large amount of vitamins, trace elements, fiber;
Healthy physical activity with frequent exposure to fresh air. This part of the preparation is especially useful for a woman, because it is she who will bear the child and give birth, which require endurance and energy expenditure;
Avoidance of stress.

Actually, there is nothing complicated in these requirements, it would be good for everyone to lead such a lifestyle all the time.

Which doctors should be visited

Future parents should definitely be examined by doctors. A woman needs to visit doctors of the following specialties:

Gynecologist. It is good that this is a specialist who will then observe the entire pregnancy. He should know about past illnesses, childbirth, abortions. The gynecologist will need the results of tests for flora, cytology, viral infections (HIV, hepatitis, syphilis), PCR studies for venereal infections, cytomegalovirus, as well as information on the body's susceptibility to rubella,;
Dentist. Before pregnancy, you need to get rid of infections in the oral cavity, caries;
Cardiologist;
Otorhinolaryngologist;
Allergist;
Endocrinologist.

In addition to the above analyses, more research needs to be done:

Ultrasound of the reproductive organs and mammary glands;
Blood and urine tests (general and biochemical);
Hormone levels;
Ultrasound of the thyroid gland.

If a woman is not the first attempt to get pregnant, the specialist may consider it necessary to prescribe:

Colposcopy of the cervix;
Hysteroscopy;
Biopsy of the endometrium.

Taking oral contraceptives, as well as protection using the IUD, should be interrupted 2-3 months before conception. If there are genetic diseases in the family or one of the future parents had radiation exposure, it is worth visiting the appropriate specialist.

In order for conception to occur exactly when future parents want it, it is necessary to calculate the most favorable days for it. Ovulation occurs at about 11-16, if you count from the first day of menstruation.

The most important thing during pregnancy

There are many nuances in this period that you should know so that everything goes harmoniously and safely for the woman and the unborn baby. Proper behavior will help avoid many potential problems.

Tests

A woman will be able to understand that she is pregnant, based on her own well-being. But it will be a little later, but until the first signs appear, a pregnancy test will come to the rescue. Whatever it is, its functioning is based on the determination of human chorionic gonadotropin in the urine, which appears immediately after the implantation of the embryo inside the uterus, that is, 7-10 days after conception. And if you do a test on the first day of the expected, but not arrived menstruation, it will be informative. These devices are of several types:

Test strips. Impregnated with a reagent that, when immersed in morning urine, gives a result with an accuracy of up to 95% in 5-10 seconds. If another control line appears next to the existing control line, the woman is pregnant;
Tablet. Able to indicate pregnancy with a delay of less than a week. A drop of morning urine is placed in a designated window. After a while, the result is visible in the adjacent rectangle;
Jet. It will detect pregnancy with high accuracy at the earliest possible date. The receiving tip of the device is placed under the stream of urine, and the result will be visible in a few minutes in the window intended for this.

It happens that tests give out information that does not correspond to reality. The reason for this is a violation of instructions or taking drugs containing hCG.

How to determine the term

To track pregnancy, it is necessary for both the doctor and the expectant mother to know her term. This is the basis for the appointment of studies, monitoring the development of the fetus, the possibility of detecting pathology. Thanks to the knowledge of the term, it is easy to determine the date of the upcoming birth. There are several counting methods:

On the day of ovulation. It happens around the middle of the cycle. If it is 28 days, then conception occurred 14 days after the start date of the last menstruation. It is possible to identify the day of ovulation by regular measurements of basal temperature;
With the help of ultrasound. The screen clearly shows the size of the fetal egg, according to which the doctor will calculate the term. This method is most informative up to 24 weeks;
Examination of the uterus. The gynecologist will determine the period by its size, starting from the 5th week, when the organ begins to grow;
By the first movement of the fetus. As a rule, this happens at 18-20 weeks, sometimes at the 16th. It's a bit late, but some inattentive women find out about pregnancy just like that.

How to live with pregnancy

The lifestyle should be aimed at ensuring the normal development of the unborn child and the well-being of the woman. This does not mean that all pleasures become inaccessible, but the life of the expectant mother becomes more streamlined:

It is necessary to monitor nutrition so that the fetus receives enough vitamins and minerals. You should forget about coffee, green tea, seafood, legumes for now, less carbohydrates, from which weight grows. But meat, fish, dairy products, vegetables, fruits are not forbidden in the diet;
Take vitamins as directed by your doctor. Folic acid is especially important. But vitamin A needs moderate doses, otherwise the child is threatened with pathology;
Rest and comfort are the main components of the daily routine. This also applies to clothes and underwear. Sleep should be at least 8 hours, mental, physical and emotional stress is reduced. Important 1.5-hour walks in the fresh air, exercises to strengthen the spine, abdominal muscles, perineum;
The use of transport should be limited due to possible shaking, which creates unwanted vibration;
Lifting weights and shock domestic labor, especially with the use of chemicals, are prohibited;
Alcohol and smoking are the enemies of pregnancy. Even infrequent use can provoke deformities in a child;
Medicinal preparations and plants are taken only as prescribed by a doctor;
You should still take care of yourself carefully, but without the use of toxic cosmetics, acrylic and ammonia materials, solarium, and hardware methods. Care and hygiene products are better to choose those that are specially designed for pregnant women;
The breast is prepared for future feeding by washing with warm and cool water, air baths for 10 minutes 3 times a day;
With a normal pregnancy, vaginal sex is not prohibited. With an increase in the term, it is only necessary to protect the growing belly from pressure on it.

Poor health is not uncommon in different periods of pregnancy. Typical problems in women:

Toxicosis. It manifests itself from the beginning of pregnancy with nausea, vomiting, aversion to food and certain smells. By the 12th week, toxicosis disappears, but even before this time, its symptoms can be alleviated by eating a piece of salty biscuit with sweetened weak tea in the morning, drinking 1.5 liters of fluid per day, reducing portions and increasing the number of meals to 6;
in the legs. The enlarged uterus compresses the blood vessels, so the blood supply to the muscles is disrupted. The body may be deficient in calcium and potassium. Products containing these microelements will help, mini-exercises with squeezing and unclenching the toes;
Vertigo. They can occur for various reasons: stuffiness, tightness, fatigue. You can deal with a problem by avoiding the conditions that create it;
Insomnia. It is caused by anxiety and changes in the body that provoke the need to go to the toilet often, the inability to choose a comfortable position due to the stomach. Sleeping at the same hours, drinking warm milk shortly before it, daytime rest will help;
. You can fix the problem if you drink a glass of water after waking up, and add lemon juice to it before eating, walk a lot, introduce prunes and dried apricots into the diet.

Childbirth: readiness #1

In the entire chain of childbearing, this is what women fear the most. Childbirth is a serious test, but the vast majority of mothers have successfully overcome it. In addition, experts are always ready to help.

What to take to the hospital

Necessary things and documents should be prepared in advance. Before giving birth, you need to take with you only those that are needed directly for the woman and the newborn. Everything else is collected and left for later, these things will later be brought by a happy father.
Documentation:

The passport;
Exchange card;
The results of the latest analyzes to date;
Medical policy;
Birth certificate;
Agreement with the clinic (if concluded).

Things for childbirth and stay in the ward:

Spacious nightgown;
Socks, thin and thicker, but not woolen;
Hygiene items (soap, comb, brush and toothpaste, napkins, toilet paper);
A pair of small terry towels;
Robe;
Washable slippers with non-slip soles.

Items that will be needed after childbirth and at discharge:

Sanitary pads and disposable underwear for mom;
2 with front closure;
Cream for nipple cracks;
Laxative candles;
Pampers for a newborn 1 set. Another is bought already in accordance with the size of the baby;
Baby soap, cream, soft towel;
Sterile cotton;
Thin and thick vests, bonnets, diapers, mittens;
A blanket or "envelope", a hat, overalls, socks for discharge. All things according to the weather;
Clothes and cosmetics for mom. The one in which the woman came to the hospital is likely to be great.

How is childbirth

Healthy women give birth to a child in a natural way, that is, through the birth canal. The process, assisted by a midwife or doctor, is divided into 3 phases:

The first is counted from the beginning of regular contractions until the cervix is fully dilated by 4 cm. This is the longest part - 8-10 hours. Sometimes the process is stimulated with medications;
The second lasts 3-4 hours. The contractions intensify and become more frequent, the fetal bladder opens and the water leaves. The cervix opens up to 6-8 cm, and the fetus moves to the level of the pelvic floor;
The third is characterized by the opening of the uterine os by 10-12 cm and lasts from 20 minutes to 2 hours. It passes into the main part of childbirth, although it feels like the activity of the process is weakening. But this is not so, it is after the full opening of the cervix that the fetal head passes through the pelvic ring, and after 8-10 attempts by the mother, the baby comes out. Sometimes, to facilitate this part of the path, the woman's perineum is dissected.

During the first two phases, the woman is allowed to sit up and walk around to stimulate labor. In some clinics, the process takes place with anesthesia. The condition of the woman in labor is monitored by measuring pressure, temperature, and doing vaginal examinations.

After the birth of the child and the cessation of pulsation in the umbilical cord, it is cut. The afterbirth comes out of the uterus after 2-3 contractions, the woman is given drugs to prevent bleeding.

C-section

It should be prescribed according to indications, but sometimes it is done at the request of a woman. The planned operation is carried out as follows:

On the operating table, a woman is given an epidural or general anesthesia. They put a dropper and an apparatus for measuring pressure, as well as a catheter for diverting urine;
The woman's stomach is wiped with an antiseptic, the doctor dissects the abdominal wall and the anterior uterus, removes the child, and cuts the umbilical cord. It takes 10-15 minutes;
The surgeon separates the placenta, examines the uterine cavity, sews up the organ. Then the seams are applied to the abdominal wall, bandage and ice on top;
The woman is placed in intensive care for a day, where saline and antibiotics are administered.

After transfer to the ward, the stitches are processed every day, the painkiller is stopped after 3-4 days.

The woman's body recovers faster;

No need to waste time looking for suitable baby food, money to buy it, fiddling with the preparation and sterilization of bottles.

Usually the baby is applied to the breast on the third day after birth, and before that the woman has to express herself. It hurts, but it is necessary that then you can feed for at least 6 months, and preferably up to a year. In this regard, new mothers are concerned about two problems:

lack of milk;
Cracked nipples.

The first is solved by frequent attachment of the child to the breast, taking lactation-stimulating drugs: infusion of anise seeds, grated carrots with sour cream. A woman will have to drink plenty of fluids and eat right to prevent gas formation in the baby.

Cracked nipples should be treated with special creams and air baths. It is also necessary to learn how to properly breastfeed the baby so that he captures the nipple along with the areola.

body after childbirth

In this part, the stomach delivers the most suffering to women. He is no longer as flat as before, during pregnancy, the muscles stretched and sagged slightly. But you don't have to put up with it. Some steps can be taken:

Change nutrition. If you include oatmeal, rice, vegetables, fruits in your diet, drink plenty of water, this will spur metabolic processes. Fat from the abdomen will slowly but steadily begin to go away. Do not forget that a large amount of fiber is harmful to the baby if he is breastfed. And starvation is unacceptable, because the milk will disappear. Therefore, in your zeal for harmony, you need to know the measure;
Restore muscle tone. Gentle exercises for the abdomen will help: abdominal breathing, its tension on a walk, doing household chores. You need to increase the load gradually, you can intensively engage in six months after childbirth, if they passed without complications.

postpartum discharge

The uterus after childbirth is not restored in a day. This process is stretched for a certain period, during which the woman has lochia. At first, they contain a lot of blood, then they gradually brighten and by the end of the 6-8th week after birth they become transparent or white.

Menstruation can come in 1.5-2 months if the woman is not breastfeeding. Lactation lengthens the period without menstruation to six months. But on average and with breastfeeding, they begin on the 4th month after childbirth, because by this time the child is already being introduced to complementary foods and less is being applied to the breast.

Sex after childbirth

You will have to refrain from it for another 4-6 weeks if the birth was normal. The sexual sphere of a woman should be fully restored, then sex will be a joy, and will not cause pain and infection.
After a caesarean section or perineal lacerations, recovery will take 2 months.

At the first sexual intercourse, a woman may feel pain and discomfort. This is due to the dryness of the vagina, which can be corrected with a lubricant, but rather a long prelude to the act. Wall tone is almost always reduced. But this problem is also solvable by training the vagina with Kegel exercises.