Pension points from what year. What are retirement points, how are they accrued and affect the size of the future pension? When it's time to retire

17.10.2019

Pension savings of employed persons are divided into two parts: savings and fixed. Each person decides for himself whether he will receive a fixed payment, or send all the funds to form the funded part of the pension. The form by which the amount of savings is calculated includes several elements. One of them is retirement points. They will be discussed in this article.

Factors

The size of the insurance pension is influenced by:

the amount of insurance premiums transferred to the budget;
the age of the taxpayer;
the presence of a group of disabilities, dependents;
accommodation;
the moment of retirement (early or not);
formation of savings.

In 2017, persons who permanently reside in the Russian Federation and receive a pension as of 12/31/16 are provided with a one-time payment in the amount of 5 thousand rubles. This amount is paid without submitting an application and is not subject to personal income tax.

Pension calculation

The amount of the pension is calculated using the formula:

Pension \u003d P x C x K + FV x K, where:

P is the sum of all individual coefficients.
С - monetary expression of one coefficient (point).
K - raising indices to insurance and fixed payments.
FV - approved payment.

Let's take a closer look at each of these parameters.

Individual coefficient

The Pension Score is a measure that measures each year of formal employment, taking into account insurance contributions. When calculating the pension for 2016, the sum of all accumulated points is taken into account. If a person went on a well-deserved rest before 01/01/2015, then the calculation algorithm differs from the standard one:

SP \u003d SCh / S, where:

SP - insurance pension.
СЧ - insurance pension as of 12/31/14 without a fixed payment and a funded part.
С - the cost of one point as of 01.01. 15 (64.1 rubles).

The sum of all points accumulated after 01.01. 15 \u003d CB / MV x 10, where:

SV - contributions for the formation of insurance payments, paid at a rate of 10 or 16%.
MV - contributions from the maximum salary.

How are retirement points calculated?

The calculation takes into account the coefficients for individual periods included in, For example, the period of caring for a child upon reaching 1.5 years. The sum of these coefficients is added to the already calculated points. These periods are taken into account only if they are not included in the calculation of the disability pension or the loss of the breadwinner.

The number of pension points that can be accumulated in a year is limited by law and is constantly increasing (until 2021). The maximum number of coefficients is different for those who decided to form the funded part of the payment (5.16 for 2017), and for those who refused it (8.26 for 2017).

The cost of the coefficient annually (01.02) increases at least by the price growth index. Annually from April 1, new values \u200b\u200bof the coefficients of the Federal Law "On the PFR Budget" for the planned year are set. As of 02/01/16, the cost of one point is 74.27 rubles.

Example

Consider the points by the formula:

B \u003d (S / M) x 10, where:

S - the sum of contributions transferred to the formation of pension in the Pension Fund from annual earnings.
M - the amount of contributions from the maximum salary, paid at the rate of 16%.

An employee's salary is 30 thousand rubles. per month, i.e. 360 thousand rubles / year. The maximum base is 720 thousand rubles:

720 x 0.16 \u003d 115.2 thousand rubles. - the maximum amount of contributions.

Let's calculate pension points under the following conditions:

the employee has chosen only an insurance pension;
the employee chose a mixed insurance model.

Option 1. The amount of contributions at the 16% rate is 57.6 thousand rubles. (360 x 0.16).

B \u003d (57.6 / 115.2) x 0.1 \u003d 5.

Option 2. The amount of contributions at a 10% rate is 36 thousand rubles. (360 x 0.1).

B \u003d (36 / 115.2) * 0.1 \u003d 3.125.

Fixed payout

It is set at a fixed rate in relation to the insurance pension. The amount of the payment is indexed every year. As of 01.02.16 it is 4.56 thousand rubles. The increased payment amount is provided for:

disabled people I gr .;
citizens over the age of 80;
persons working or living in the Far North region;
citizens containing disabled persons.

Indexation is not carried out for working pensioners.

In cases of appointment later than the emergence of the right to receive it or refusal to receive a pension, a multiplying coefficient for a fixed payment is applied.

Special cases

Certain stages of life count towards seniority. For example, conscription service, childcare. During such periods, a person usually does not work, but he is awarded a certain number of points. If a person continues to work, then he himself chooses: to count points calculated from earnings, or to use those guaranteed by the state.

Pension score for socially significant periods:

1.8 - for a year of caring for a person over 80 years old, a disabled person or a year of leave to care for the first child;
3.6 - per year of caring for the second child;
5.4 - per year of caring for the third and subsequent child.

How is seniority determined?

A citizen can confirm his employment before 2002 by providing a work book. Since 2003, all information that organizations transmitted about their employees was recorded in the PFR database in a personal account.

The length of service earned before 01.01.15 will also be converted into a pension point. First, the pension rights on 01.01 are determined. 2002 The pension is then calculated based on the average salary for the 2 years before retirement or for five consecutive years. Since 2002, pension rights have been determined based on the amount of contributions paid. In 2010, they were revalued by 10% of the amount of pension capital. Additionally, 1% is charged for each year of work. Until 2014, the amount of accumulated pension capital is annually indexed by a certain coefficient. The resulting amount of savings is divided by the cost of one coefficient. This is how the total number of points is determined.

It is rather difficult to carry out such calculations on your own. All information about the taxpayer is stored in the pension "file". Therefore, when calculating the size of a pension, it is better to focus on the calculator presented on the PFR website.

How to do it?

You need to go to the PFR website in the "Electronic Services" and be favored in the "Personal Account". Here you can see the already accrued retirement points and calculate their number for the current year based on salary data.

Young employees can use a calculator to estimate the approximate amount of pension if they are planning to serve in the army or have a child. Older people can see how the payment will change if they are “late” at work. In case of late registration of pensions, both parts of the payment are indexed by the bonus coefficient. But it makes no sense to "recycle" for more than 10 years. The pension increases only in the first decade.

In 2014, the government suspended the formation of savings. All funds were directed to current payments. This time-out was necessary in order to survive the crisis in the Pension Fund of Russia and to "reformat" the work of NPFs, whose services are already used by more than 22 million people. The Ministry of Labor still insists on the introduction of a voluntary formation format. But the deprivation of the country's economy of "long" money can lead to a serious economic crisis.

New rules

Since 2017, the old-age pension is assigned under the following conditions:

work experience is at least 8 years (by 2024 - 15 years);
a pension score of at least 11.4 (an annual increase of 2.4 to 30);
a citizen has reached the age of 60 (man) or 55 years (woman).

The retirement age for persons holding public office in 2017 is 60.5 and 55.5 years, with a subsequent annual increase to 65 and 63 years.

Payments from pension savings are assigned and paid in the form of an urgent or one-time pension payment or a funded pension.

The pension rights of citizens are formed in individual pension coefficients, or pension points. All previously formed pension rights were converted without reduction into pension points and are taken into account when assigning an insurance pension.

The conditions for the emergence of the right to an old-age insurance pension on general terms are:

reaching the age of 65 - for men, 60 years - for women (taking into account the transitional provisions provided for by Appendix 6 to Law No. 400-FZ). Certain categories of citizens have the right to receive an old-age insurance pension ahead of schedule;
for persons holding public offices of the Russian Federation and public offices of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, permanently filled municipal offices, public civil service positions of the Russian Federation and municipal service positions - the age specified in Appendix 5 to Law No. 400-FZ ... Already in 2017, the process of raising the retirement age for civil servants began by six months a year to 65 years (men) and 63 years (women). From January 1, 2021, the step of raising the retirement age will increase - by year per year. This brings the retirement age for civil servants in line with the proposed rate of increase in the general age for all.
Moreover, if such persons have an insurance experience of at least 42 and 37 years (respectively, men and women), an old-age insurance pension can be assigned to them 24 months before reaching the specified age, but not earlier than reaching the age of 60 and 55 years (respectively, men and women ).

Citizens who are specified in part 1 of article 8, paragraphs 19 - 21 of part 1 of article 30, paragraph 6 of part 1 of article 32 of Law No. 400-FZ "On Insurance Pensions" and who, in the period from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2020, reached of the age giving the right to an old-age insurance pension (including its early appointment) in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation in effect before January 1, 2019, or they will acquire experience in the relevant types of work required for early appointment of a pension, old-age insurance pension may be appointed earlier than reaching age or the onset of the deadlines provided for, respectively, by Appendices 6 and 7 to the said Federal Law, but no more than six months before reaching such age or the onset of such deadlines.

insurance experience of at least15 years (from 2024) subject to the transitional provisions of Art. 35 of the Law of 28.12.2013 No. 400-FZ;
the presence of a minimum amount of pension points -not less than 30 (from 2025) subject to the transitional provisions of Art. 35 of the Law of 28.12.2013 No. 400-FZ.

The number of pension points depends on the accrued and paid insurance contributions to the compulsory pension insurance system and the duration of the insurance (labor) experience.

For each year of a citizen's labor activity, subject to the accrual of insurance contributions for compulsory pension insurance by employers or personally paid by employers, he / she has pension rights in the form of pension points.

The maximum number of pension points per year from 2021 is 10, in 2019 - 9.13.

How many retirement points
can be credited to you for 2019?

Enter the size of your monthly
wages before personal income tax:

Mistake! Enter a salary higher than the minimum wage in the Russian Federation in 2019 - 11,280 rubles.

Calculation results

Number of retirement points
in a year: 7.83

The pension option in the compulsory pension insurance system affects the accrual of annual pension points. When forming only an insurance pension, the maximum number of annual pension points is 10, since all insurance contributions are directed to the formation of an insurance pension. When choosing to form both insurance and funded pensions, the maximum number of annual pension points is 6.25.

Citizens born in 1967 and younger, who made a choice in favor of forming an insurance and funded pension in the MPI system before December 31, 2015, can at any time refuse to form a funded pension and send 6% of insurance premiums to form only an insurance pension.

Also, citizens born in 1967 and younger, in favor of whom insurance contributions for compulsory pension insurance will begin to be calculated by the employer for the first time after January 1, 2014, are given the opportunity to choose a pension option (form only an insurance pension or form both an insurance pension and a funded pension) during five years from the date of the first accrual of insurance premiums. If a citizen has not reached the age of 23, the specified period is extended until the end of the year in which he turns 23.

When choosing a pension option, it should be borne in mind that the insurance pension is guaranteed to be increased by the state through annual indexation. The funds of the funded pension are invested in the financial market by a private pension fund or a management company chosen by a citizen. The profitability of pension savings depends on the results of their investment, that is, there may be a loss from their investment. In this case, only the amount of paid insurance premiums is guaranteed to be paid. Pension savings are not indexed.

For all citizens born in 1966 and older, the option of pension provision is the formation of only an insurance pension.

Obtaining the right to an insurance pension depends on the year of the insurance pension

	Minimum insurance experience	Minimum amount of individual pension coefficients	The maximum value of the annual individual pension coefficient
	Minimum insurance experience	Minimum amount of individual pension coefficients	upon refusal to form a funded pension	when forming a funded pension










2025 and later

* From 2015 to 2020, regardless of the choice of the pension option in the MPI system, all citizens have only pension rights. In this regard, the maximum value of the annual individual pension coefficient is the same for any variant of pension formation.

Old-age insurance pension is calculated according to the formula:

INSURANCE PENSION \u003d THE AMOUNT OF YOUR PENSION POINTS * VALUE OF THE PENSION POINT on the date of the pension grant + FIXED BENEFIT

SP \u003d IPK * SIPK + FV where:

SP - insurance pension
IPK - this is the sum of all pension points accrued on the date of granting an insurance pension to a citizen
SIPK - the value of the pension point as of the date of granting the insurance pension.

When assigning a pension from 01.01.2019 \u003d 87.24 rubles. Indexed annually by the state.

PV - fixed payment.

Thus, the calculation of the insurance pension in 2019 is carried out according to the formula:

SP \u003d IPK * 87.24 + 5334.19

Also, the amount of your pension points (IPC) significantly increases the application for the appointment of an insurance old-age pension for the first time (including ahead of schedule) later than the emergence of the right to it. For each year of later applying for a pension, the insurance pension will be increased by the corresponding premium coefficients.

For example, if you apply for a pension 5 years after reaching retirement age, then the fixed payment will increase by 36%, and the sum of your individual pension coefficients - by 45%; and if in 10 years, then the fixed payment will increase by 2.11 times, and the sum of your individual pension coefficients by 2.32 times.

Recently, to obtain an insurance pension, it was enough to have work experience and reach the retirement age. Taking into account the changes in the legislative base, a third condition has appeared - points. What they are, how to collect and calculate them for calculating the insurance pension. Read on for more details.

Recent changes in the pension legislation of the Russian Federation have changed the methodology for calculating social benefits. More recently, calculations have been made based on individual pension coefficients - points.

The conditions for calculating pension payments were changed by the Federal Law No. 400-F of 04.12.17. The age for retirement remained unchanged. But every year the requirement for the length of service and the number of IPCs increases.

Therefore, it is not surprising that people are interested in how many points do you need for retirement, and how are the calculations done?

Given that it is impossible to calculate the inflation rate, the government introduced points, which are a coefficient intended for proportional indexation of charges. The cost of PKI changes annually, taking into account the level of inflation. Thanks to this, pension payments will increase individually, depending on the amount of insurance contributions transferred by the pensioner over the years of work.

Thus, only those citizens who worked officially can count on an increased pension.

For calculations, a person needs to know the amount of funds paid by the employer to the pension fund.

The calculation is performed according to the formula:

iPK amount \u003d the amount of contributions to the Pension Fund / the amount of insurance premiums from the maximum wage (changes annually). For example, in 2017 this figure is 876,000 rubles. A detailed calculation is presented below.

Of course, the main factors influencing the number of points are the size of the salary and the length of service. But besides work, points can be awarded for other periods. You can see them in the screenshot.

IPKs are also credited for a deferral when retiring to an insurance pension. The data are presented in the table.

To understand the issue under consideration and understand how pension depends on salary, it is necessary to give an example.

The insurance pension deducts 16%. For example, a citizen worked in a polyclinic, receiving a monthly salary of 17,500 rubles (210,000 per year). To calculate the number of PKI in 2017, you must use the formula:

33 600/140 160 * 10 \u003d 2.3, where

33 600 - the amount of insurance premiums - 16% of the annual income;
140 160 - the amount of insurance premiums from the maximum wage in 2017.

The total will be 2.3. In turn, the maximum number of PKI in 2017 will be 8.26, which will be received by a citizen with an annual salary of more than 826,000 rubles. The maximum wage is set annually by the government. If a person does not collect the minimum wage, he will remain only on a social pension. For example, in 2017, the minimum annual salary must exceed 87,500 rubles. To date, the calculations do not cause difficulties, since you can use the pension calculators available on specialized portals.

It is much more difficult to take into account the period of work during the Soviet era. All information during this period was displayed exclusively in documents. Therefore, the lack of documentary evidence of contributions to the pension fund will lead to a decrease in social benefits. In accordance with the Government Decree, for each year of labor activity during the Soviet era, charges increase by 1%.

From 2025, 30 IPKs will be required to receive a pension. Until the specified period, the number of points will increase.

In the absence of the established PKI, the citizen will be refused to calculate the insurance pension.

PKI table by year

For example, a teacher with a low salary will receive 30 IPC for 10 years of work, while a person with a high income will receive it within several years. It is quite obvious that points are awarded depending on the size of the salary. At the same time, the value of experience is significantly reduced.

The cost of PKI is determined on the basis of a separate decree of the government of the Russian Federation.

To receive an insurance pension from 2024, citizens will need to have at least 15 years of insurance experience and 30 points. The adjustment is made annually on February 1, taking into account the rise in prices for consumer goods and other services. As of July 2017, the value of a point is 78.58 rubles.

For future retirees

Since 2015, the pension rights of citizens are formed according to new rules: in individual pension coefficients, or, more simply, in pension points. Moreover, all previously formed rights were also converted into points without reduction and will also be taken into account when calculating your pension.

The more points you manage to form for your working life, the higher your pension will be. The number of points depends on very understandable things: the size of the "white" salary, and more specifically, the insurance premiums that your employer pays for you to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation from the wage fund, as well as the duration of work, that is, the length of insurance experience. The higher the salary and the longer the length of service, the more points. The maximum number of retirement points that can be earned per year in 2017 is 8.26, and from 2021 - 10.

At the same time, having a certain insurance experience is one of the prerequisites for the appointment of a pension in general. Those who apply for a pension in 2017 must have at least 8 years of experience. Further, the requirements for experience increase from year to year. From 2024, in order to qualify for an insurance pension, a citizen must have at least 15 years of experience.

How is the calculation done

Upon retirement, all points earned are multiplied by the value of one point in the year of retirement. The value of a point is set by the state and indexed every year. A fixed payment is added to the amount received. This will be the size of your old age insurance pension.

Three secrets of a decent pension: long experience, "white" salary, later registration of a pension

The generally established retirement age for an old-age insurance pension is 60 years for men and 55 years for women. You can increase the pension if you do not apply for its appointment immediately after reaching retirement age. If you postpone the registration of a pension for at least a year, its size will be higher due to premium coefficients.

How to find out the amount of the fixed payment

Since February 1, 2017, the fixed payment has been indexed by 5.4%, its size increased to 4,805.11 rubles.

An increased fixed payment is established: citizens of 80 years of age and older, disabled people of group I, citizens with dependents, and other categories of citizens.

How is the total length of service determined

The main document confirming the periods of work of a citizen until 2002 is a work book. After 2002, a personalized accounting of citizens' pension rights began to operate in the PFR, and all data transmitted by enterprises about their employees is recorded in the PFR database on individual personal accounts of citizens.

How are pension rights earned before January 1, 2015 accounted for?

All pension rights generated before 2015 have been converted to points. As of January 1, 2002, the amount of the pension was calculated based on the average salary for the last two years before the appointment of the pension or any five consecutive years at the employee's choice (when the salary was the highest).

Infographics: Anton Perepletchikov / Irina Nevinnaya / RG

From 2002 to the end of 2014, the entire "white" salary is taken into account (more precisely, the number of accrued pension contributions). In 2010, pension rights received before 2002 were revalued: valorization was carried out.

The increase was 10% of the estimated pension capital plus 1% for each full year of total work experience acquired before January 1, 1991.

How to calculate points for periods when premiums are not paid

Some stages of life are included in the insurance period for calculating a pension, although contributions at this time are not paid for a citizen.

These are the so-called socially significant periods - military service on conscription, leave to care for each child up to 1.5 years (but not more than six years in total), time for caring for a disabled person of group I, a disabled child, and an older relative 80 years old. If a person worked (for example, a mother on maternity leave performed work under an employment contract), he has the right to choose the most profitable option for himself: to deduct points for these periods based on earnings and paid contributions, or, if the salary was low, to use the "regulatory "points.

To calculate the insurance pension, you need to establish how many pension points a citizen has. The accrual of retirement points depends on parameters such as length of service and the amount of contributions paid. Let's talk in more detail about the retirement point and its calculation, as well as about how many points are needed for retirement, about the various nuances of their accrual.

As a result, the total number of points used to calculate the pension will be obtained.

But what are the features of the calculation before the onset of 2015, and the system that is used now, and what are their differences? To find out, you need to disassemble both systems in turn.

Let's start with the old one - the PKI is defined in it as follows:

The calculated amount of the insurance part of the pension should be divided by the value of the point, which is current at the beginning of 2015, after which the result of dividing the sum of coefficients for all years (up to 2014 inclusive) by a special coefficient is added to the resulting figure, which is determined for a regular pension as 1 (hence, in this if it can be ignored), and changing during the calculation, and subsequent division by another coefficient, which is also usually equal to one and is important when it comes to.

It sounds extremely difficult. Let's try to write down a simplified formula:

PKI \u003d the calculated amount of the insurance pension / the cost of one point + the sum of coefficients for each year / coefficients.

It still looks quite difficult, and besides, it can be difficult to determine all the parameters for a formula on your own, and even more so to determine them correctly. Therefore, to calculate the pension, a special pension calculator is usually used on the official website of the Pension Fund - http://www.pfrf.ru/eservices/calc/. But you need to take into account that the calculations made with it will be only approximate.

But for work from the beginning of 2015, pension points will go according to the changed formula: a certain number of points is added per year (about their calculation will be discussed), and the sum of coefficients of other periods is added to them (these coefficients will also be discussed in a special section ).

The result obtained in this way is then divided by the same coefficients as in the previous case - as you can see, the formula has become simpler.

The key change here is that the points are directly tied to the contributions to the PF from the employer, which means that when you receive most of your salary as “black,” you cannot accumulate a decent pension - thus, the state encourages the choice of respectable employers, regularly.

We emphasize once again: both of these formulas are used, just the first one calculates the years of work up to 2014, and the second one starting from 2015.

Consider both coefficients that appear in the formulas above. The first is used to calculate the disability pension. To calculate it, you need to take the length of the disabled person's experience in months and divide by 180. That is, 15 years, also translated into months.

There is such a thing as the standard length of service for a disabled person - it is 12 months at 19 years old, after which every year it grows by 4 - up to a maximum of 180.

Here is an example: a disabled person at the age of 54 will increase their work experience by: 54 - 19 \u003d 35 x 4 \u003d 140 months. Thus, together with the original 12, it will equal 152 months, and the coefficient, therefore, will be 152/180 \u003d 0.844.

The second plays the same role in calculating the survivor's pension, but it is much simpler - its value is equal to the number of disabled survivors in the family, respectively, the more there are, the higher the value.

What determines the number of points?

Salary

First of all, how many points will be received depends on the size of the salary.

Or rather, from the amount of deductions transferred by the employer to the PF, so keep in mind that if you receive a “gray” salary, then only that part of it that you receive officially will affect your pension, but the amount received “in an envelope” will not provide for you in old age.

But how exactly do you get points from your salary? Let us illustrate this with an example: if a school teacher in 2018 receives an average of 26,000 rubles per month, then his total income for the year will amount to 312,000. Contributions to the Pension Fund will amount to 16% of that amount, that is, 49,920 rubles.

Now you need to enter the parameter of the maximum wage, with which the IPC can be calculated - it is 85,083 rubles for the current year. This means that if your salary exceeds the specified one, then contributions will still need to be paid only from this amount, and you can expect to get 10 points - or rather, it would be possible, since a limit of 8.7 was introduced for this year - this is the maximum of them number received for 2018.

Why were the numbers in the previous paragraph important? Because how many points a school teacher with a salary of 26,000 a month will receive depends on them! With a salary of 85,083 rubles, the following will go to the Pension Fund for the year:

85 083 x 12 x 0.16 \u003d 163 359 rubles.

And to determine the teacher's points, you will need to divide the amount sent to the Fund for him by the maximum and multiply by ten:

49,920 / 163,359 x 10 \u003d 3.06 points - this is how much he earns in a year.

Insurance experience

According to the new formula, the number of points will not depend on the length of service, and if you earn 50,000 in a year, you will receive the same amount of IPC units as in two years, during which you earned 25,000 each. It is only important to gain the minimum length of service. to be able to receive an insurance pension.

Retirement age

But the size of the pension will depend directly on the age of retirement: for example, by applying for a pension a year after the established for a citizen passes, you can get a multiplying coefficient of 1.07. This means that the calculated IPC will need to be multiplied by 1.07, that is, the amount will grow by 7%.

For two years of delay, the coefficient is 1.15;
for three - 1.24;
4 – 1,34;
5 – 1,45;
6 – 1,59;
7 – 1,74;
8 – 1,9;
9 – 2,09;
10 – 2,32.

That is, starting to receive a pension ten years later than the deadline, you can receive 232% of the established IPK amount.

Accrual for other periods

According to the now used formula for calculating the pension coefficient, points received for other periods included in the length of service should be added to the usual ones. But what are these periods in general, and how much can you get for them? They mean those time periods in which transfers to the Pension Fund for a citizen were not made, however, since they are socially significant, they are also counted in the length of service.

At the same time, they are counted with different coefficients - most often 1.8: this is what applies if a citizen is called up for military service, works in law enforcement agencies or other similar structures.

It is also credited to the spouses of military personnel if they, due to living with them, have lost the opportunity to work, since there is no work in their specialty near the garrisons (however, in total it can be credited at most in 5 years); and spouses of diplomats while living abroad.

When caring for a child, there is a stepwise coefficient system:

if the child is the first, then the coefficient will be standard, that is, 1.8;
if the second, it doubles, up to 3.6;
for the third or fourth child, it will be 5.4.

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