Quartz wristwatches. Quartz watches and their features

14.10.2019

Luxury, part of the image, fashion accessory and necessity - wrist watch. Today, these accessories are distinguished by two types: mechanical and quartz. Despite the mechanism, each model needs certain rules.

What it is?

The clock in which the quartz crystal is used in Oscillatory System or the oscillatory system, called quartz. For the first time in the world, the American company Hamilton released, however, the mechanism that is based on accessories invented more than 90 years ago by V. Morrison. The massive sale of the model with a quartz mechanism was received only 30 years after the opening.

Since the appearance of the accessory on store shelves, they have gained unprecedented popularity. In the past century, a large demand also used quartz clock with a calculator.

Today, the use of this mechanism has become profitable for economic factor.

Benefits

The main advantage of the mechanism is the accuracy of the course. Discrepancy during elite quartz models per year can be up to five seconds. At the middle-class accessories or economy, the monthly deflection in time can be up to 20 seconds depending on the brand, producer and operation.
Unlike the "mechanics", the quartz mechanism does not need to bring daily. Today manufacturers produce options for quartz wrist models, the battery of which can serve from three to ten years.

Another plus model with such a mechanism is the price. Due to the automated assembly, the price of quartz watches is attractive.
Quartz watches Unlike products with a mechanical mechanism are more functional: they may include a calculator, compass, stopwatch and many other useful things.
Since the company's corps makes from high strength plastic, then children can use such accessories.

However, among a number of advantages at accessories there are also its drawbacks. This number includes: low maintainability, briefness and regular spending on batteries.

How is the mechanism?

Main parts of quartz clock - electronic unit and stepper electric motor. The first in the interval per second transmits the pulse to the engine, which "pushes" the arrows. The constancy of the pulses generated guarantees the quartz crystal. Crystal when exposed to current begins to vibrate and stabilizes electrical oscillations produced by the generator in the electronic unit.

Sometimes the clock arrows familiar to us replace the display.These models called quartz clock with digital display. In such accessories, extended functions (stopwatch, compass, etc.) are most often added. Products with electronic dial of the company prefer to make a sports style, however, sometimes such models can be found in classical style.

We bring to your attention the video about how the mechanism of quartz watches and the features of his work are arranged.

Models

Today, a huge number of women's models with a quartz mechanism is presented. In anyone even a small store, you will be offered to choose from 10 firms that implement quartz wristwatch in the market. Among the innovations of this season, the round steel watches OKAMI are gaining great popularity. Their enclosure is made of jewelry alloy, with a steel bracelet. They also have protection against moisture.

One of the most popular mass brands of Sunlight represents metal, women's quartz watches in several colors. This model, like many other Sunlights, are a budget option.

Stunning models are presented with brands such as Dkny, Michael Kors, 33 Element. DKNY models are manufactured in Hong Kong. Steel case material. Fastening can also be steel or genuine leather. Case coating - gilding. In its watches, the company uses mineral glass that is resistant to scratches, and water-repellent protection.

Another famous brand - Michael Kors. The models of this company are quite expensive, however, the quality of products is hidden for high cost.

The most popular are quartz products MK5076, MK3179, MK5020. These watches with a steel housing with a PVD coating - superhard titanium nitride, over which the finest layer of gold or chromium oxide is underway. This coating makes the clock case even stronger. Protection against water each model is different. Minimum - 50rw. It will allow you to calmly swim in the pool and do not remove them before bathing. A number of models also have a chronograph.

The arrows of some models are covered with a luminescent coating that emits visible light. This will allow you in the dark, see what time it is.

Models of the company 33 Element as well as DKNY are manufactured in Hong Kong, however, the country producer has 33 Element - Switzerland. The case of the clock is made of steel, and the coating of the case is polished steel. Sapphire glass in some series framed by Swarovski crystals. There is water protection. The strap can be made of leather or steel. Case in some models is covered with gilding.

Another company that confidently entrenched in the market, orient. Models of this company are produced in Japan. Both in terms of cost and quality products are not inferior to Michael Kors. Some even compare the mechanisms of quartz Swiss clocks with Orient, noting the high quality of the Japanese assembly.

The clock is made of stainless steel with a special protective coating. Some bracelets are made of steel and ceramics. All products also have minimal water protection.

Another indispensable Japanese brand is Casio. The Casio A-159WGEA-1E model is known to the Russian consumer from the old 90s. These are products, the body of which is made of plastic, fastening - of steel, and its color is yellow gold. The model has an electronic scoreboard, water protection. The clock themselves are designed for both men and women.

The model received great popularity in the 90s due to the presence of a calendar, stopwatch and alarm clock. Until now, you can buy Casio A-159Wgea-1E in stores in highly reasonable prices.

However, the model range of Casio does not stop. Large demand for about two years ago was on the G-Shock, which was called a unreasonable model. Products are made entirely of durable plastic, with mineral glass. Have automatic LED backlight, impact resistance, stopwatch, world time function, timer, five alarm clocks, calendar and medium speed mapping.

The company has prepared a whole range of children, women, men and teenagers. The main difference from all hours was mostly in the colors.

Material and color

Plastic is perhaps one of the cheapest materials for creating watches.Most often, products are supplied from China and Japan. The technology on which plastic is processed is already brought to perfection. It is the opinion that the products from plastic will not last long, however, this applies not to all hours, but only inexpensive products. In particular, Casio in many of its models uses plastic. The same G-shock, which cannot be "killed", are made of durable plastics.

Alla or alloy and aluminum and zinc Another inexpensive material for the manufacture of hours. However, due to the softness of both high-strength materials, the model does not differ. The technology of production of models from Alloy is simple: alloy is poured into forms. As a result, the texture of the resulting material is quite porous and fragile. In addition, careful grinding of the product obtained is impossible.

More expensive, you will cost the models from the stronger material - brass. Metal processing method more time consuming than when working with Alllo. However, due to this, the products are stronger and more reliable. At the same time, the price of the cloudy hours is low. One of the flaws of the brass is fast oxidation of materials under the influence of external factors. It is possible to avoid this process by applying a special protective coating.

When choosing a coating, it is necessary to stop only on high-quality materials. For example, nickel can cause allergies.

The following materials are titanium and steel. The complexity of the processing of metals affects the final price of products, however, the quality and strength is hidden for this cost. Products made of steel today are the most popular models. Material features high strength. In addition, steel housings do not require additional costs for the purchase and coating of the protective layer.

Distinguish two types of steel hours:

All Stainless Steel. By purchasing models with such marking, you buy a product made of stainless steel completely.
Stainless Steel Back. In this case, only the rear lid of the model is made of steel. The housing itself can be made from plastic, titanium or other alloy.

The wrist mechanical clock appeared a few centuries ago. Watchmakers managed to achieve the accuracy of the clock, in which the deviation per day does not exceed 5 seconds. However, such hours are very complex and roads. Alternative steel Quartz watches. At a lower value, their deviation is usually not more than a few seconds per month.

The main elements of quartz clock are:

the electronic unit. He once per second sends an electrical impulse.
stepper electric motor. By signal from the electronic unit, the engine rotates the arrows.

Electronic block of quartz clock

The title of the clock was obtained from the preserving the electronic block of the quartz crystal. It provides high stability of the frequency of generated pulses. Thanks to this stability, high accuracy of the course is ensured. The quartz crystal has unique properties: in compression, it generates an electrical pulse, and when exposed to electric current, quartz is compressed. Thus, the crystal can be squeezed to squeeze, i.e. fluctuate under the influence of electric current. The selection of the size of the crystal is achieved by the frequency of resonance 32768 Hertz. The electronic block of quartz watches consists of a generator generating electrical oscillations and a quartz crystal, on the resonant frequency of which the oscillations of the generator stabilize. As a result, the generator signals are distinguished by increased stability. The electronic circuit (minicomputer) counts the generator signals and provides twist arrow, or output information on the display. Sometimes the arrows and digital indication are combined.

Quartz on the mat. PC card

Quartz in hours with electronic indication

To convert the signal from the generator, which gives the pulses at a speed of 32768 electrical oscillations per second in the movement of the arrows using a gear system and gear wheels. But no mechanical device can work with such a frequency, so the generator pulses initially pass through a divider - an electronic device, a summary amount of incoming pulses and outstanding signals once per second. These pulses are fed to winding a stepper electric motor.

Mechanical part

Having obtained the electrical pulse from the electronic unit once per second, the mechanical part works it out by turning the arrows. This uses a cunning wheel system.

Mechanism for the movement of arrows:

Mechanism for translation arrows:

The wheelchair for quartz watches is very durable. In contrast to the mechanical clock, where all the elements act under constant load of the twisted clockwork spring, in quartz hours a significant load occurs only at the time of the rotation of the stepper motor. That is why the question of the number of \\ "stones \\" (especially hard elements of the mechanical clock) in hours. Their need disappeared by itself. At the same time, theoretically, good quartz watches in longevity should not be given by mechanical. At the same time, the cost of quartz watches is much smaller with greater accuracy. Thanks to these facts, quartz watches conquer an increasing share of the watches market.

The same electronic network-based quality quartz, as in the clock, is used in all modern electronic devices having a time fixation function: mobile phones, computers, navigation systems, pulse meters and frequency meters.

Two hundred years ago, the clock was inherited due to their high cost. Having a clock was, rather, to emphasize the status and material wealth of the owner. Now the clock is available almost to everyone. Quartz watches are not capricious, easy to use and, in addition to the display of time, as a rule, include a set of additional functions - stopwatch, timer, date display, alarm clock.

In the continuation of a series of publications about hourly terms and recommendations for care and operation blog site publishes material on how to make a clock, who needs to do this and what the clockwork crown is still able to do.

Swiss mechanical wrist watch Armand Nicolet JS9 Date A480Agu-Bu-Ma4480AA

What hours do you need to start?

Manually, you only need a mechanical clock, as in the absence of any other power sources, their parts move only when it gives the pulse tightly twisted spring. It is gradually spinning, the impulse is weakening and in the end the clock stops. The mechanism does not work - stationary arrows.

Previously, the clock was made by a special key, today its function is performed by a clockwork crown, in most models gently sticking on the side of the housing of the clock. On pocket watch, it was most often located on top, and today, in addition to these two provisions, there is still a location.

Why do we need a clock?

The plant of the modern spring clock mechanism works on the basis of the counterweight. The simplest embodiment - existing in antiquity wheels. In them, the rope was wounded on the horizontal shaft, by the end of which the weight gain was tied. Under the action of gravity, the giri sought down, pulled the rope, and the rope corresponduously led the shaft into motion. In turn, the shaft, rotating, forced to move attached to him at an angle of 90 degrees a stick - she performed the role of arrows.

In modern hours, the motor consumables are tens of interconnected parts of the mechanism gives a spiral spring. In the state of the maximum plant, it is tightly twisted, and spinning, affects the gear drum. Through the system of teeth and gear, it leads to movement all the mechanism.

How to make a clock?

Twist the crown in the direction "clockwise", that is, in the course of its movement or "forward". It is recommended to sometimes make a light rotation back, counterclockwise, but not sharply and not a complete turn. This will help more evenly distribute the lubricant, while not allowing breakdown.

It is necessary to rotate the clockwork evenly, not too fast, feeling the degree of tension of the spring with your fingers. As soon as the head begins to go tight or hear light clicks - you have completely brought the spring. For this you need an average of no more than 20 revolutions.

You need to start the clock, removing them with your hands so that the crown rotation is uniform: the position of the rod acting on the spring must correspond to the norm, since in the mechanical clock the mutual position of each part is vital.

Swiss mechanical wrist watch Tag Heuer Carrera Car2012.fc6235 with chronograph

Functions of the crown

The crown has several functions that are implemented in different positions. In the standard position, it serves for the mechanism plant. In hours designed for dive or simply with a high degree of body tightness, it can be on a thread and in order to start the spring or use other functions, the crown must first be promoted.

To control the arrows to set the exact time or if the clock stopped, the crown is pulled out. In the clock with a calendar, she has the third, most often intermediate or middle position, when the crown is pulled out as if half.

Calendar Setup

If you have a calendar and need to bring time the time arrow can only move forward. If you scroll it back and make more one turnover (more than 12 hours), it can lead to a breakdown of the calendar mechanism.

The ability to change the date without rotating the clockwise is not in all models. Where it is, it is for this a separate position of the crown crown. Changing the date is best in the position when the hour and minute arrows are in the area of \u200b\u200b6 hours, then the safety mechanism. If the position of the arrows is close to the natural change of day, that is, to 12 o'clock, the manual change of date can also lead to breakage.

Also, you can also sum up with a lagging time for several days, or by sequentially srolling the hour arrow for several days, or using the features of the mechanism. In this case, you need to strictly follow the instructions.

In a number of models, it is possible to jump on the next day by turning the watch arrow at a position from 12 hours ago to 8 hours and again to 12, when the date change is heard. Another option is the passage of the arrows back and forth between 10 and 2 hours.

On the calendar wheel, you need to set the previous date from the desired date, and then twist until the next day and the current time, driving the hourly arrow.

Swiss mechanical titanium wrist watch Tag Heuer Carrera CV2A84.FC6394 with chronograph

Do you need to start a clock with an auto-winding?

Raise the owner from the need for a manual plant of the master sought back in the XVIII century, and already in 1931, Rolex released the first model of wristwatches with an automatic factory.

The principle of operation of such a mechanism is described in detail in the material of the blog site about the advantages and disadvantages of the automotive supply. It is important that such a clock, being on hand (or in a special rotating device, wine), "go" always, so it is not necessary to manage them manually. Is that, in case you wear a clock not every day, they still can stop, then they will only need to bring and put on it. Immediately earn an automatic subtach.

With a low-altitude clock sock, for example, if you work at a computer and almost do not move the wrist, the watch with the auto-cutting can quickly stop after you take them.

Swiss mechanical wrist watch Aviator AIRACOBRA P45 CHRONO AUTO V.4.26.0.178.4 with chronograph

How often do you need to do?

Even if your watch model goes up to 48 hours at one spring plant, for greater accuracy of the mechanism, it is recommended to operate the clock in a state of complete or close to the full factory. Therefore, the most common advice is to make hours daily at the same time. Along the way, they can be summed up if you notice a slight rejection of the current time.

The clock that you do not wear or wear is very rare, it is worth racing at least once a month so that the lubrication of the parts of the mechanism is not frozen. As with any other mechanism, an analogy with a car engine is most often used, - watch in order to continue to maintain efficiency, you need to function.

Vika Di September 29, 2018, 23:56

In the 21st century, quartz watches are particularly popular. They are considered reliable and high quality. These characteristics contribute to their successful use.

Brief description of the products offered

Modern model of watch Different with external similarity with mechanical products. The main differences are in the peculiarities of the oscillatory system and the source of energy. Nowadays, such mechanisms are successfully combined, so if you wish, you can choose the hybrid version of the watches.

Development of quartz models The clock is carried out immediately in 3 countries of the world:

United States of America;
Japan;
Switzerland.

It is believed that quartz models should exhibit expensive mechanical mechanisms that need to be properly used for guaranteed accuracy.

Model quartz watch

Modern quartz mechanism Ideally combines the principles of operation of electronic and mechanical products. They are universal, multifunctional, so becoming increasingly popular.

Features quartz watch

Quartz clock mechanism is complemented by useful functions:

alarm clock;
timer;
the calendar.

The implementation of such functions leads to the cost of the watch. However, the price is usually justified.

Modern models equipped with a liquid crystal display or a classic dial, and in the first case the clock will be made like electronic.

Scheme of work

The classic principle of operation of quartz watches is based on the use of modern electronic block. It sends pulses to a compact electric motor. As a result, the arrows are moving along the existing dial.

Quartz contributes to the support of the pulse frequency

The engine works with a classic small battery. Additionally, you do not need to start the clock, since the battery is initially designed for a long service life.

Estimated accuracy

Choosing wrist Watch, often take into account their accuracy. They must show the exact time. It is undesirable that the watch constantly hurried or lagged, they regularly have to start.

Usually quartz watch Different costs. However, the price is determined by the quality and technical parameters of products.

Accuracy of quartz watch

Knowing that quartz is called hours on batteries, you can focus on their optimum accuracy. High-quality quartz watches guarantee accuracy to 5 seconds per year, ordinary models - 20 seconds per month. People often are interested, whether you need to start a quartz wrist watch. Manufacturers respond "No".

What advantages are considered obvious?

Modern models have numerous important advantages. For example, it is not necessary to constantly start the clock, therefore the risk of unwanted breakage is reduced to a minimum level.

The frequency of repair activities can also be reduced

Choosing reliable quartz watch, It is possible to count on their advantages, compared with other models:

monthly discussion in time will not exceed 20 seconds;
wrist models are distinguished simple design;
guaranteed reliability I. durability;
the minimum service life is 3 years;
notes diverse assortment quartz models available for sale;
resistance to temperature fluctuations and mechanical factors is guaranteed;
notes optimum price on goods.

Work modern quartz watch Leaves only positive impressions.

Quartz watches on a girl

Are there disadvantages?

The proposed products are almost completely lained minuses. However, sometimes a battery replacement is required. If the clock is sitting, the battery must be replaced. Otherwise, there are no shortcomings, because the mechanism is distinguished by reliability, a durable bracelet and lock are used, sustainability is guaranteed to external factors.

The main task of each buyer is successful choose quartz watch. Be sure to take into account the quality and technical parameters of the products offered:

Quality. It is advisable to choose a clock with a metal housing and a leather strap. Otherwise, the service life will be reduced.
Manufacturer. It is advisable to know what is called the brand, model. It is recommended to choose products of verified manufacturers. In addition, such brands provide quality guarantee for several years.
Design. It is important to choose the product of a suitable design. They must fit style in clothing.
Price. It is undesirable to save on the upcoming choice. This purchase requires responsibility and desire to make the right choice, taking into account the quality of the product. Only reliable hours can work for a long time and successfully.

Correct the choice of wrist watch Quartz modification is required.

The mechanism of quartz watch

Planning increase service hours, take into account the basic rules:

Protection against moisture and water. The clock is important to protect against moisture, because it can lead to oxidation of existing mechanisms. As a result, the service life will be significantly less. Typically, water penetrates through the back cover or head, after which the functionality of the clock is broken.
Timely replacement batteries obligatory. After the clock arrow stopped, you need to contact a special institution and replace the battery. Otherwise, the risk of breakdown mechanism increases.
For hours you can not use cheap Chinese batteries. For using high-quality batteries You can count on prolonged product service.

Such basic rules are necessarily taken into account for a successful and long use of watch.

Oval Women's Watches with Pearls on Milan Bracelet, SL (price for reference)

Estimated service life

It is important to focus on the long service life of quartz watches. Every buyer should think about it, although women are more appreciated the beauty of the watch.

It is believed that mechanical models are characterized by a higher level of reliability. Modern quartz watches are also delighting a long service life, optimal reliability, although they appeared relatively recently. If the clock still sends the battery, they begin to lag behind. If a quartz is collapsed, the clock will begin to rush. Battery and crystal can be replaced, so the service life will be able to extend.

Correct choosing quartz watch very important. It is recommended to carefully study the available products for the right choice, taking into account the characteristics of the product and personal preferences.

Mechanical hours, like any mechanisms, require regular checks, cleaning, lubrication and adjustment of the accuracy of the course.

In order for you to enjoy the use of hours, you need to follow the following simple rules:

Check

Check the clock is desirable once every three or four years in an authorized service center indicated in the list attached to the watch passport. This is an important condition, since at the opening of the body, even the smallest dusting, which fell into the mechanism, can disrupt the accuracy of the course of hours due to the increase in friction.

Factory

Create a clock, just removing them with your hands. This eliminates uneven pressure on the crown, which is one of the most vulnerable hourly components.

The clock with a manual plant should be started at the same time, rotating the clockwise crown clockwise until it stops. Clock with automatic factory, if you wear them every day, you should start once a week (20-30 rotations of the clockwork crown clockwise).

Shipment

In mechanical clock it is not recommended to engage in extreme sports, work with a jackhaft, etc. The power of the recoil, which the clock takes on, affect their durability and accuracy of the course. Whatever perfect is the shockproof mechanism, there is always the likelihood of an excessive load that the details of the mechanism may not withstand.

In expensive mechanical or jewelry hours should not be playing sports at all. To do this, there are special sports clocks with a high degree of protection of the mechanism - a solid massive case and an increased water refractory.

Quartz

Quartz watches are less likely to care for them, but also require checks, cleaning and lubricant once every four or five years only by the authorized service center indicated in the list attached to the watch passport. To replace the batteries in the clock with a quartz mechanism, refer to an authorized dealer before the expiration of the battery. Used batteries can flow and start corrosive, destroying the clock. Do not attempt to change the battery yourself.

Water resistance

If your watch is waterproof, then after replacing the battery, the clock must pass the test for waterproof, and you must be sure that the moisture in them will not fall.

The calendar

In order not to spoil the calendar mechanism should not be reinstalled calendars and change the date between 20 pm and 06 am in the morning. At this time, all gears start moving to automatically translate the date. Translation of manual calendar pointers in this position of the arrows can lead to collisions and the output of the mechanism.

For example, in the clock Breitling with a caliber 7750, the date of the date occurs during the period of time from 20-00 to 2-00. An attempt to translate the calendar with this position of the clock and minute shooter is guaranteed displays the clock out of order. Date shift should be performed, after taking the hour hand to the lower dial sector (for example, to 6 hours).

Chronometer

Managing the chronometer of most hours also has features. In most cases, such hours contain a "Start / stop" button of the chronograph, usually located above the crown, and the "Reset" button. It is ultimately not recommended to press the "Reset" button if the chronometer is running. If the chronometer is running, before using the "Reset" button, you need to stop it with the "Start / Stop" button.

Using the "Reset" button when the chronometer is running may fail the mechanism of most clock models.

Glass

In most Swiss clocks are sapphire glasses. Sapphire glasses scratched quite difficult, but there are some materials that can do it quite easily. Therefore, it is desirable to store the clock separately from jewelry, especially with precious stones, and in places where they will be subject to minimal friction about anything.

The optimal option can be a box in which the clock was sold. Such boxes are frown with a special soft material and are made specifically for your watches.

Replace the broken or cracked glass immediately, as a crack thickness even in the hair will allow dusting to get into the mechanism, which will reflect on the accuracy of the clock. It is not recommended to store the clock in cold rooms.

Cold

In the cold, lubricating oils are thick, the mechanism stops, axes axes may be damaged. You should not leave the clock on the stone tables, for example, from marble, as the strong temperature changes, which are subject to marble, can cause damage to some parts, especially springs and spirals of old hours that were made of stainless steel.

It is recommended to remove the clock before bedtime. During sleep, you can make uncontrolled movements that may damage the clock. In addition, in a dream, man sweats, and the sweat, gradually accumulating on your clock, can damage the housing and gaskets that ensure the tightness of the clock.

Strap and housing

If your watch is waterproof, then you can range from time to time to them with a weak solution of soft soap or cleaning agent, after which the clock needs to wipe dry.

If your watch has a leather strap, then such a procedure should be carried out only relative to the cluster of the watch. In the case when your watch is not waterproof or you are not sure about it, wipe them slightly damp cloth, then dry dry.

Sea

Salt sea water harms the finish of most hours. Therefore, even the waterproof clock after a sea bath should be rinsed with soap solution in warm running water to avoid corrosion and premature aging of tightness gaskets.
Hand washing or on the rain will not damage the waterproof clock, but the adoption of the soul (especially with gel) or long-looking under water will lead to the penetration of moisture into the corps and will damage the mechanism.

Tightness

After 2x-3 years, your watches may lose tightness due to aging pads. Therefore, it is necessary to check the tightness once every two or three years and, if necessary, change the gaskets.

Magnetic defense

It is not recommended to leave the clock near acoustic speakers or other sources of magnetic fields. Most hours do not have magnetic protection, and when magnetizing the parts of the hourly mechanism, they may begin to lag behind or, on the contrary, to go faster.

Repairs

And, of course, you should not repair the dear Swiss watches in the first workshop that has fallen - for this there are official service centers.