A sharp change in the mixture for newborn consequences. How to administer formula while breastfeeding
Instruction
Imagine the situation: your baby eats well mixture already for several . But suddenly there are warning signs that show that mixture needs to be changed. They will serve as severe allergic reactions; the child reaches the age when it is necessary to switch to another stage of feeding; the need to introduce mixtures with a special therapeutic effect; and, conversely, the transition from the treatment mixture to the usual one.
Quite often, being on artificial medicinal mixtures. They are intended, as a rule, for premature babies; suffering from allergies; with low weight; children with food intolerance and for children suffering from regurgitation. They are usually prescribed by an observing pediatrician.
If there is a need to change the diet, then you need to act. To get started, study information on other mixtures. Maybe the baby needs a lighter or, conversely, more satisfying mixture. If there is a need for treatment, then read everything that relates to your existing disease. Careful selection of information before changing the child's diet will help to avoid unpleasant ones during the change. And, of course, it is necessary to follow the rules for transferring a child to another mixture.
Immediately, immediately transfer the child to a new mixture absolutely impossible. Otherwise, there will be problems with the tummy - the appearance of colic, bloating. The ideal scheme for changing the mixture looks like this: on the first day, 10 grams of the new mixture is given once, on the second day already 20 grams 2 times a day, on the third day 30 grams 3 times a day. And for 5 days you need to enter up to 50 grams at a time. Transition to new mixture takes approximately 7 days.
It is known that the best for any child is breast milk. But it happens that the mother does not have the opportunity to breastfeed the baby for one reason or another. In such cases, milk mixtures come to the aid of mother and baby in their wide variety, and it is not always easy to figure out which one is better to use.
Feeding a baby with food that is not suitable for him is fraught with very unpleasant consequences - from diarrhea to severe allergic reactions that require hospitalization. Therefore, when introducing a new product, you should be very careful, because the health and well-being of the baby is at stake.
Classification of infant formula
There are many types of formulas for feeding babies. It is necessary to select them for the baby together with the pediatrician, guided by his recommendations. Transferring a child to a new diet is comparable to prescribing drugs for treatment: only a doctor can decide this.
So, what are the mixtures and what are their features? Let's give a classification.
According to the degree of adaptation, baby food can be of the following types:
- adapted;
- partially adapted;
- unadapted.
An adapted formula is a product that is as close as possible in its composition to breast milk, corresponding to the characteristics of the metabolism of children, and containing vitamins, minerals, lactose and dextrin-maltose, whey proteins, vegetable fats in a balanced amount.
They are made from cow, goat, soy milk and are suitable for most healthy babies. Of the well-known brands that produce adapted nutrition, one can cite Humana1, Pre-Hipp and Hipp-1, Nutrilon, NAN, AGU-1, Enfamil-1, Samper Baby- one ".
Partially adapted are called casein mixtures, which do not include whey, but all other components make them close to the composition of mother's milk. Examples are Similak, Nestozhen, Anta-mil, Baby, Baby.
Unadapted is whole cow and goat milk. They are not recommended for children under 1 year of age. According to the timing of the introduction of the mixture, there are either initial or subsequent.
Initial - these are, as a rule, species adapted, intended for use by children in the first months of life and corresponding to their physiological characteristics. Subsequent - suitable for children from 6 months, and contain more protein. The consistency of mixtures can be dry or liquid.
The difference between dry and liquid is that dry must be prepared by yourself, following the dosage recommendations on the product packaging. Liquid ones are ready-made, portion-packed mixtures that only need to be warmed up.
If liquid nutrition is available, it should be preferred: in this way, you can play it safe from breeding mistakes, because parents often dilute food “by eye”, or deliberately exceed the dosage.
According to the level of acid-base balance, baby food is divided into 2 types:
- fresh;
- fermented milk.
Sour-milk mixtures are used in cases where the baby has intestinal disorders: constipation, colic, diarrhea. Sour-milk products normalize the microflora and promote recovery, after which the child can be transferred to normal unleavened food.
According to indications for use, the mixture is divided into the following types:
- basic;
- treatment-and-prophylactic;
- medical.
Basic baby food is prescribed for feeding healthy children and forms the basis of their diet. Children with special dietary needs are prescribed therapeutic and treatment-and-prophylactic mixtures.
What are the grounds for moving
There must be good reasons for transferring a baby to another type of baby food. You can't rely solely on price and availability.
Reasons for this need:
- allergic reaction;
- intolerance to milk proteins;
- lactase deficiency;
- planned age transition.
It is possible to understand that a baby has an allergy by several symptoms. On the part of the gastrointestinal tract, these are frequent and profuse regurgitation, constipation, diarrhea, intestinal colic and bloating. Respiratory manifestations - runny nose with copious amounts of mucus, cough - are rare in infants, but they cause a lot of problems.
Allergies are also manifested by skin rashes and redness in the buttocks, abdomen, back, cheeks, and neck. All these symptoms usually occur in case of an allergy to cow's milk protein.
Since most formulas contain cow's milk protein, a child with an allergy should be switched to a diet that does not contain it. These are mixtures based on goat and soy milk, amino acids, or those in which cow protein is split by deep hydrolysis.
Lactase deficiency (milk sugar intolerance) is a reason for the immediate transition of the baby to another product. The reason to worry and show the child to the doctor is frothy, green stools, bloating and anxiety after each feeding, weight loss or lack of weight gain, constant crying during feeding.
In this case, the baby should be transferred to low-lactose or lactose-free types of nutrition.
How to Safely Introduce a New Formula
As with any new food, you need to introduce a new mixture very carefully and gradually, even if the reason to switch to another food is just the next age stage. Before transferring the child to another mixture, it is necessary to consult with a pediatrician.
The introduction should begin with 5 ml, gradually increasing the amount of the new product and reducing the amount of the old one. A new mixture is given immediately before feeding, using a separate bottle for this. You need to be prepared for the fact that the introduction will need to be interrupted, and resumed again no earlier than one month later.
The scheme for introducing new baby food into the baby's diet is as follows:
- 1 day - 5 ml in the first feeding. Other feedings are not replaced;
- Day 2 - 10 ml in the first and second feedings;
- Day 3 - 10 ml before each feeding;
- Day 4 - 20 ml before each feeding;
- Day 5 - 50 ml;
- Day 6 - 100 ml.
On the seventh day, you can completely replace the old food with a new one. Such a scheme is quite loyal to the baby's body and gives him the opportunity and time to get used to the new food.
No one will argue with the statement that breast milk is the best food for a newborn. However, there are situations when a woman, for some reason, cannot breastfeed her baby; in this case, infant milk formulas will come to her aid. But even here there are many difficulties and pitfalls, for example, the composition will not suit the baby. What to do in such a situation? The answer is obvious - move on to something else. Let's consider how to introduce a new mixture into the baby's diet without harm to his health.
Infant formula is an additional product in the baby's diet or a complete breast milk substitute. In the latter case, we are talking about artificial feeding. A child from the mixture should receive the entire set of nutrients that mother's milk contains.
Classification of mixtures for children
There is a wide variety of types of formulas intended for feeding babies. According to the degree of impact on the body, doctors compare such a product with a medicine, therefore a pediatrician should select it. But it will not be superfluous for parents to know what mixtures exist.
According to the degree of adaptation, the composition can be:
- Adapted - such mixtures are as close as possible to breast milk in their composition and properties;
- Unadapted - whole milk of a cow or goat;
- Partially adapted - casein mixtures, from which whey is excluded, in terms of the content of other elements they are close to breast milk.
According to the timing of the introduction of the mixture can be:
- Initial - these include adapted products intended for newborns in the first months of life (up to six months) and corresponding to their physiological characteristics;
- Subsequent - they are distinguished by a high protein content in their composition, they are suitable for feeding children from the age of 6 months.
According to the consistency, mixtures are distinguished:
- Liquid - packaged in portions and ready for use, it remains only to heat the composition to the required temperature;
- Dry - you have to cook it yourself, following the dosages and recommendations indicated on the package.
According to the indications for use, the following types of food are distinguished:
- Basic - intended for healthy children and forms the basis of their usual diet;
- Therapeutic and therapeutic-prophylactic - it is necessary to give babies who have problems and special dietary needs (children with allergies, unstable stools, often spitting up food).
According to the level of acid-base balance, mixtures are distinguished:
- Sour-milk - necessary if the baby has intestinal disorders (diarrhea, constipation, colic), they help normalize the intestinal microflora and contribute to the speedy recovery of the child;
- Fresh - suitable for healthy babies.
Fundamentals of artificial feeding
If breastfeeding is impossible for some reason, then the baby has to be given artificial milk formulas. In this case, the mother, together with the pediatrician, must determine the frequency and amount of food needed. The amount of food depends on the baby's body weight and age. As for the frequency of feeding, the following scheme applies here:
- from birth to 4 months - 6-7 times a day;
- at the age of 4 to 10 months - 4 times a day;
- from 10 months to 1 year - 2 times a day.
In the first 2-3 months after the birth of the crumbs, it is better to feed him with unleavened mixtures, since sour-milk can lead to regurgitation (or increase them). Later, a combination of these two types of baby food is considered the best option, the ratio should be 1: 1.
Sterilized cow's or goat's milk, as well as baby kefir or biokefir are not adapted products, so it is advisable to use them in the baby's diet from 6 months and only in the form of complementary foods.
Medicinal formulas constitute a special group among infant formulas. They are used in special cases when conventional formulations are not suitable for a baby. Already in infancy, some children require special types of mixtures with medicinal properties: allergies, premature babies suffering from constipation, abdominal pain, frequent regurgitation. But you need to use such food only as directed by the pediatrician. At the same time, there are specially designed schemes for introducing therapeutic mixtures into the baby's diet, which should be followed. Starting to give the baby such food without consulting a doctor, it is possible not only not to achieve a positive effect, but, on the contrary, to harm the health of the crumbs.
Rules for the preparation of mixtures
- Water for preparing infant formula should be of high quality, ideally special bottled water for newborns.
- Tap water and from natural sources must be boiled.
- Before cooking, it is important to wash your hands thoroughly with soap or treat them with special disinfectant wet wipes.
- It is necessary to strictly observe the dosage for the preparation of the mixture: an overdose of the powder can cause digestive problems in a small child, a dry matter deficiency will lead to the fact that the child will receive less nutrients, and this may adversely affect his development.
- The temperature of the milk mixture, which is given to the crumbs, should be 36-37 degrees.
- The mixture should have the right consistency, to check this, you need to turn the bottle upside down without shaking it, and see how the contents flow out. First, it should stand out in a thin stream, and then 1 drop per second.
- It is advisable to prepare the milk composition right before feeding; in extreme cases (for example, for a trip), you can do this in advance.
- It is forbidden to leave a baby alone with a bottle, he can burp and choke.
- After the baby is fed, all items used for cooking and children's dishes must be washed well, the remnants of the mixture are an excellent breeding ground for bacteria.
We transfer the baby to the new mixture correctly
Transferring the crumbs to another mixture is simply not worth it. There must be good reasons for this. If the child feels well and eats, there is no reason to change his diet. However, sometimes the need arises.
Reasons for changing diet
Situations where it is necessary to change infant formula include the following:
- The appearance of an allergic reaction to the same food;
- The need to introduce crumbs of therapeutic mixtures into the diet, associated with the appearance of some kind of health problem in the baby;
- The need to switch from therapeutic nutrition to an adapted one, due to the elimination of the condition or disease in the baby, in which it began;
- A child reaching a certain age when a transition to a different type of food is necessary due to the changed needs of the child's body;
- Identification of milk protein intolerance or lactose deficiency in infants;
- Refusal of crumbs from food, insufficient weight gain.
The fact that a small child needs an updated diet can be judged by several signs:
- Noticeable changes in children's behavior - the baby is constantly naughty or becomes lethargic and drowsy, his attention is scattered, motor skills are disturbed;
- The baby experiences constant hunger, despite the fact that he receives a sufficient amount of food;
- The child drinks from the bottle all the time with great greed, or, conversely, completely refuses it;
- During the day or after feeding, the baby often and profusely spits up;
- The crumbs have problems with the functioning of the intestines - bloating, colic and gases, constant diarrhea or constipation, green feces;
- The appearance of a red rash on the skin, irritation, itching.
If parents notice similar symptoms in a baby, they definitely need to show the child to the doctor. It is the specialist who will identify the cause of this condition. If it is associated with an inappropriate formula for feeding, then the pediatrician will give recommendations and help to transfer the baby to a new food.
Basic Rules
- Only a pediatrician should choose the mixture, independent decisions can only harm the health of the crumbs.
- The transition should be carried out in stages, in terms of duration, it can take about a week.
- It is recommended to start feeding the baby with unusual food in the morning, but not at the first feeding.
- Every day, during the transfer of the baby to a different type of mixture, it is necessary to closely monitor his well-being.
- If the condition of the baby worsens, you should stop feeding with unusual food, you can not ignore the formation of a rash on the skin, bloating and too much regurgitation.
- It is forbidden to feed the baby at once two or more types of unusual mixtures.
- Do not deviate from the recommended amount of food.
- It is not necessary to transfer the baby to an updated form of the mixture during an illness, if he has begun to cut his teeth or will have to be vaccinated in the near future, the child during this period should be completely healthy and feel great.
Schemes for introducing a new composition into the diet
So, the type of mixture is determined, it's time to start a smooth transition to it. It is necessary to create all conditions so that a small organism adapts to a change in diet as easily as possible. Any new mixtures should be given to the baby from a separate bottle, this should be done before feeding with the usual composition. It is necessary to start the introduction of an unusual type of food with a small portion, gradually increasing it, and at the same time reducing the amount of the same food.
You can act according to one of the following schemes.
We prepare two different compositions in two separate bottles.
- On the 1st day, we introduce 10 ml of a new mixture in one feeding, and supplement it with the usual food, then only the same food goes during the day.
- The next day, we introduce at the beginning of 3 meals 10 ml of an unusual composition (it can be in a row or every other time).
- On the 3rd - we introduce 20-30 ml at the beginning of 3 meals.
- 4th day - 50-60 ml 5 times a day.
- 5th day - 90-100 ml 4 times a day.
- 6th day - 150 ml or more of a new composition for every 4-5 meals, that is, the baby is completely transferred to a different type of mixture.
As in the previous version, we pour two different compositions into separate bottles.
- On the 1st day, we introduce 5-10 ml of renewed nutrition in one feeding.
- On the 2nd, we introduce 20 ml of unusual food at a time.
- 3rd day - 40 ml of new food also at a time.
- On the 4th day, we introduce 40 ml of a new mixture through each meal, we feed it throughout the day.
- On the 5th day, we introduce 40 ml each time.
- On the 6th day, each time we give the crumbs the necessary amount of food.
Thus, it will turn out in a week to transfer the baby to a different type of mixture.
If the baby refuses new food
When switching from breastfeeding to artificial or when replacing one mixture with another, the baby may begin to refuse an unusual type of food. What should mom do in this case? First of all, do not forget about the rule of a gradual transition to updated food and do not hope that the baby will immediately be delighted with it. You should be prepared for the fact that this process of accustoming will take some time. Perhaps the first portions that a newborn will eat will be quite small. In addition, the baby's appetite, like that of any adult, changes from day to day or even during the day.
You should not be equal to the stories of your girlfriends or relatives about how much their children eat, and expect the same from your crumbs. Body weight, age, the rate of metabolic processes - a whole range of factors affect the appetite of a newborn.
If it seems to you that the child eats too little, then this is not yet a reason for panic and concern, most likely, such a volume is quite enough for him. But a small weight gain, frequent urination, anxious and restless behavior are really worth paying attention to. These symptoms may indicate the presence of various problems, which may be the cause of a low appetite in a baby.
Did the child fit the new composition?
Not every mother knows how and by what signs it is possible to understand whether another mixture was suitable for her baby after replacement. And those who are too anxious sometimes even find side effects that are not really there.
The following signs indicate that the child's body has successfully adapted to new food:
- Healthy and clean skin - there are no irritations or rashes on the child's body, which indicates the absence of an allergic reaction to components of a different composition;
- Normal stool - evidence that everything is in order with the intestines is the presence of a dense stool at least once every two days;
- A healthy feeling of hunger - the baby wants to eat no more than every 3-3.5 hours;
- Normal weight gain;
- Restful sleep, a healthy interest in the world around us, the absence of whims and anxiety.
A change in nutrition is a considerable stress for the body of a newborn, so you should not do it for the sake of interest, for a change, because of advertising or for similar unreasonable reasons. This process should go smoothly and always under the supervision of a doctor, only then your baby will always be in a great mood and completely healthy.