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Wooden furniture varnished. How to update old wooden furniture with varnish. Purpose and properties

Today, lacquered furniture is back in fashion and is in almost every home. Wood is a natural and environmentally friendly material. Nevertheless, the environment affects it - the tree can deform, crack, change color. To avoid this, it is necessary to process it with special means. Among them - furniture varnish. Furniture covered with it looks beautiful, it also protects against various damages and has moisture-resistant properties.

Today, lacquered furniture is back in fashion and is in almost every home.

Varnish can be different in price, you don’t need to take the cheapest one, since the furniture cleaner is completely unsuitable for external work.

Furniture varnish is a substance that has a film-forming property for application to wooden surfaces. Its main purpose is to protect the surface with a film that it forms from the effects of various external factors. Its most important role is to protect and highlight the structure of the tree. Lacquering is the final step in surface treatment. Of great importance is the choice of varnish, its composition and for what work it will be needed.

To avoid this, it is necessary to process it with special means.

The choice of varnishes is large.

Varnish types and comparison

Transparent or colored? The most common in use are transparent varnishes, they cover surfaces made of valuable types of wood - they protect its structure. Colored varnish is used for simpler wood - it protects against external influences, the color becomes more contrasting, the furniture is updated. In stores you can see a variety of colors of varnish, what color varnish you choose depends on the overall interior of the room and, of course, on your preferences.
Matte or glossy? To make the furniture structure made of wood look natural, it is better to use a matte varnish for the coating. In this case, it is important not to forget that after processing the plane with this tool, it must be polished. Its main advantage is that it perfectly hides defects, it is easy to care for such furniture.

If the windows of an apartment or house do not face the sunny side and the room is rather gloomy, it is better to use a glossy varnish - it will give the furniture a gloss and highlight the wood structure. Its small drawback is that it does not mask damage as well as matte.

Among them - furniture varnish.

You can group them according to many indicators.

As a rule, wood finishes have an odor that is difficult to get rid of. Not everyone can endure it, which affects health - headaches, suffocation appear. But technology does not stand still, and odorless furniture varnishes have long been on sale. Now working with them has become absolutely harmless - modern varnishes are water-based, do not have color and chemical solvents. They are environmentally friendly and durable, furniture covered with them does not require frequent updating. It dries instantly and the color doesn't change. Their main advantage is that they hide various errors well.

Furniture varnish is a substance that has a film-forming property for application to wooden surfaces.

By coating the surface with varnish, you will reliably protect it.

Aerosol varnish is more convenient than the traditional option?

To some extent, yes. This varnish has the following advantages:

  • it can be used immediately, no need to dilute;
  • save money on the purchase of the necessary tools for painting;
  • economical consumption;
  • lays evenly on the surface;
  • dries quickly, without streaks;
  • available for difficult places;
  • available in any specialized store.

Its most important role is to protect and highlight the structure of the tree.

It is important to remember that in the children's room it is necessary to use only water-based varnish.

Most often, aerosol varnishes are used to restore old furniture. For leading works, it is better to choose varnish in banks.

Its main purpose is to protect the surface with a film that it forms from the effects of various external factors.

How to choose varnish

When choosing a varnish, you need to consider several factors. First you need to pay attention to what basis it is made of, whether it is environmentally friendly, whether it contains organic solvents. The stores sell products of our and foreign production. For Russian goods, a specific marking is typical. It is divided into several groups:

Type of furniture varnish (pigment may be specified).

The type of substance that forms the film. Harmless varnishes include those based on resins (rosin, oil).

Its function (weather resistant, moisture resistant, heat resistant or special purpose).

In the last group, drying oil is encrypted or the company that made the varnish is indicated. The type is also indicated (matte, glossy).

Lacquering is the final step in surface treatment.

Wood is a natural and environmentally friendly material.

What varnish is better to use for wood

What is varnish used for? Its main purpose is to preserve the material, increase the shelf life. Before choosing a varnish, you need to decide in what conditions the furniture treated with it will be - with high humidity or there will be a lot of sun. Varnish can be different in price, you don’t need to take the cheapest one, since the furniture cleaner is completely unsuitable for external work. Varnish intended for indoor use differs significantly from the outdoor version in terms of structure and durability of the coating.

Of great importance is the choice of varnish, its composition and for what work it will be needed.

For buildings located on the street, it is better to use a moisture-resistant varnish that can withstand mechanical stress, and is resistant to ultraviolet radiation. It is better to purchase a product with an antiseptic - it will not allow the appearance of rot, mold and bugs, as well as alkyd-urethane-based varnishes - they are very durable. Alkyd-based products are more often used in rooms where repeated cleaning is carried out. They inhibit the appearance of cracks, the aging of wood, perfectly withstand the influence of the environment, and are wear-resistant.

As a rule, wood finishes have an odor that is difficult to get rid of.

For indoor use, oil-based varnishes or varnishes are used. They can give yellowness, but the cost is quite affordable. They dry for a long time, forming a film that is resistant to moisture.

But technology does not stand still, and odorless furniture varnishes have long been on sale.

Water-based varnishes have shown themselves perfectly. They are environmentally friendly, wear-resistant, odorless, dry quickly, and are used for indoor work.

They are environmentally friendly and durable, furniture covered with them does not require frequent updating.

What is the best varnish for the floor

More often, when building a house or repairing a room, the floor is covered with a wooden covering, which creates a feeling of comfort. It is important that such a floor be in good condition for as long as possible. Therefore, it must be carefully handled. For this purpose, varnish is best suited. The first tool that comes across is not suitable here, when choosing a varnish, it is necessary to take into account some nuances: the peculiarity of the tree, what function the room will perform, what is the load, the reaction of the body to the component of the varnish.

It dries instantly and the color doesn't change. Their main advantage is that they hide various errors well.

For ordinary rooms, a product that allows loads to a minimum is suitable; to cover the flooring in the kitchen, the hallway needs a varnish that can withstand various loads and dirt.

When choosing a varnish, you need to consider several factors.

What varnish to choose for furniture

Varnish designed to cover furniture is used for various wood products. It protects against various external defects, from moisture, increases the service life of furniture. When choosing a furniture varnish, you should pay attention to the presence of smell, fire resistance, and whether the product is environmentally friendly.

The stores sell products of our and foreign production.

It is important to remember that in the children's room it is necessary to use only water-based varnish. Oil varnish will help to give an exemplary look to a piece of furniture. If you want to give the furniture an aged look, use craquelure varnish. The composition of nitrocellulose varnish includes components such as organic mixtures, resin and colloxylin. The surface of the product covered with this varnish becomes smooth, durable and beautifully decorated, the product dries quickly enough.

First you need to pay attention to what basis it is made of, whether it is environmentally friendly, whether it contains organic solvents.

Also use colored, transparent, shiny or matte varnishes.

For Russian goods, a specific marking is typical.

Lacquer for stone and concrete

Today, these materials are widely used in construction. In order for the structure to be solid, it needs protection from various external factors. For these purposes, varnish for concrete and stone is used. The structure covered with this agent will be quite durable, its service life, wear resistance, cold resistance will increase, and outwardly it will look elegant.

The main purpose of the varnish is to protect the material, increase the shelf life.

The choice of varnishes is large. You can group them according to many indicators. By coating the surface with varnish, you will reliably protect it.

Before choosing a varnish, you need to decide in what conditions the furniture treated with it will be - with high humidity or there will be a lot of sun.

VIDEO: Lacquering on the furniture facade. The application of varnish on the furniture front

Used to impart aesthetic and protective properties to surfaces. They are solutions of synthetic or natural resins in special solvents, which can be ethanol, acetone, drying oil, water, etc. In this article, we will look at how to choose a varnish for floors, furniture, facades and other surfaces.

What varnish is better to use for wood

Before choosing a varnish for a wooden floor or other surfaces, it is worth studying the advantages and disadvantages of varnish varieties.

  1. Water-based varnishes are absolutely safe for human health, do not provoke respiratory diseases, are odorless, dry quickly, but are easily susceptible to destructive external influences.
  2. Alkyd varnishes are made on the basis of glyptal and pentaphthalic resins. Resistant to pollution, aggressive chemical environments, as well as abrasion and deformation. After application, they dry quickly, have a smell.
  3. Bituminous varnishes allow you to protect wooden products from the processes of decay and the formation of microorganisms, they are also used for hydro- and electrical insulation of metals. Dries quickly, has a smell. Among the shortcomings, there is a low resistance to temperature extremes, UV radiation.
  4. Polyurethane-based varnishes can be used for various surfaces. They are environmentally friendly, odorless, dry quickly.
  5. The basis for oil varnishes is natural oil or drying oil. Advantages: environmental friendliness, no smell, moisture resistance. Disadvantages: prolonged drying, darkening after some time after application.

How to choose wood varnish for interior work

Varnishes for indoor use are distinguished by their rigidity and durability of the coating, which protects against possible mechanical damage. They are absolutely safe for human health, have no smell, brightly reveal the texture of the tree.

Such varnishes are used to cover furniture, wooden or parquet floors, interior details. For interior work, varnishes on acrylic, alkyd, oil, alkyd-urea, nitrocellulose, polyurethane bases are suitable.

How to choose wood varnish for outdoor use

Lacquers for outdoor use form an elastic film that can withstand adverse weather conditions: temperature extremes, UV radiation, aggressive acids and alkalis. Wooden benches, terrace boards, house facades, garden furniture, etc. are varnished. For this, alkyd-urethane, alkyd, polyurethane varnishes are suitable.

What is the best varnish for the floor

  • One-component varnish is preferred for floor coverings with low to medium surface stress. Among its advantages are ease of use and more affordable cost.
  • Two-component varnish is more resistant to mechanical and physico-chemical effects, and therefore it can be used for floors with high traffic.

How to choose parquet varnish

For floor coverings, varnishes with increased resistance to deformation are needed. Before buying, it is worth considering the expected load on the room, for example, wear-resistant polyurethane products would be ideal for a kitchen or corridor, and alkyd varnishes or water-based varnishes can be used in a bedroom or living room.

Which varnish is better for parquet: alkyd or water-based

Alkyd varnish has greater wear resistance, but when dried, it releases substances harmful to health. In children's rooms or bedrooms, it is recommended to use eco-friendly and hypoallergenic water-based varnishes.

Before choosing a varnish for a floor made of pine, oak or other wood, it is important to pay attention to the degree of gloss of the paint and varnish. Depending on the brightness of the light reflected from the surface, the following varieties are distinguished:

  • high gloss;
  • glossy;
  • semi-gloss;
  • semi-matte;
  • matte.

What varnish to choose for furniture

Furniture varnishes should not only give an aesthetic shine to the product, but also protect it from external influences. It is important that they are fireproof, resistant to moisture, abrasion, scratches. For painting furniture, the most popular varnishes are polyurethane and acrylic based. They are easy to apply and completely eco-friendly. Bituminous varnishes are used to give the effect of aging.

Lacquer for stone and concrete

Lacquer for stone and concrete provides reliable protection of building structures from weathering, pollution and destruction. For these purposes, polyurethane, bituminous and alkyd varnishes are most preferred. Acrylic varnish is used to emphasize the decorative properties of the stone.

deck varnish

The so-called deck or yacht varnish is made on a polyurethane-alkyd basis. It is especially resistant to the damaging effects of salt and fresh water, wind, ultraviolet rays, therefore it is used for painting river and sea vessels, as well as window frames, facades, doors.

The popularity of natural interiors is explained by their natural beauty and complete harmlessness to human health.

An integral part of such a design of dwellings is wooden furniture: if it is not additionally covered with a protective layer of paint or furniture varnish, it will quickly become cracked and deformed. The latter finish is more preferable, as it allows you to preserve (and sometimes emphasize) the natural beauty of the tree.

purpose

Furniture varnish is a composition of a film-forming type, intended for processing wooden bases. It is designed to perform the following tasks:

  • protect surfaces from mechanical stress;
  • make wooden products glossy (shiny) or matte;
  • emphasize the natural beauty of wood (especially valuable species);
  • create an impenetrable barrier to moisture, due to which the wood can dry out or swell;
  • protect against biological influences (fungus or harmful insects);
  • increase the service life of expensive wood furniture.

Varnishes for wooden furniture can be slightly tinted by adding pigment, or you can use a transparent version. They must be applied in several layers to provide reliable protection.

The main varieties depending on the effect

Furniture varnish for wood is classified according to a number of criteria. The first of these is the effect that is imparted to the treated surface. According to this criterion, glossy, matte, colored and transparent varieties of the material can be distinguished.

A feature of a glossy or semi-gloss finish is a special shine and highlighting of the wood structure. This finish lasts a very long time, but it does not mask the flaws of the base well. It is recommended to use in gloomy, shaded rooms to optimize the atmosphere.

If the task of finishing is to emphasize the naturalness of wooden furniture, it is recommended to use matte or semi-matt varnish. Before varnishing, the base must be carefully sanded. This type of finish hides surface defects well and is easy to clean.

The most common type of varnish for wooden furniture is a transparent substance. Most often it is used for processing valuable wood species (protection from moisture and other harmful effects).

The color composition is used for varnishing inexpensive wood species (pine, linden, birch), contributing to an increase in the contrast of their structure. An excellent option for those cases when it is necessary to update the furniture by creating a protective film on its surface. Colored varnishes are on sale in a wide range of colors, so there are usually no problems with choosing the right shade.

Craquelure varnish helps to simulate decorative aging with the appearance of cracks. Best of all, furniture items with a craquelure effect look in retro and Provence interior styles.

Division by composition

The second important criterion for classifying furniture varnishes is their chemical composition.

Oil

In the old days, the basis of this group of materials was natural resin. Later it was replaced with natural oil and artificial additives. Oil varnishes are characterized by the presence of significant color diversity. Matte furniture varnishing is especially beautiful.

Alkyd

With the help of alkyd varnish, you can create a durable and transparent moisture-resistant coating on the surface of the furniture. The substance is made on the basis of alkyd resins and organic solvents. The applied layer dries for a long time, almost three days (although there are also quick-drying modifications with a drying time of no more than 24 hours). The application tool is usually a roller or spray gun.

Water based

A very convenient option for wood finishing is a water-based furniture varnish. One of the varieties of this line of materials is acrylic varnish, after application of which a strong film appears. The finish hardens gradually as the water evaporates. Water-based varnishes do not exude unpleasant odors, being absolutely harmless to human health. This is the best option for wooden furniture that will stand in the children's room.

The undoubted advantages of these materials include a good drying rate and fire safety (the substance does not burn at all). The coating also has a significant weak point - furniture varnished in this way does not receive proper protection from moisture. For this reason, it is recommended to treat wooden products installed in dry rooms with water-based varnishes.

alcohol

The main components here are alcohol and natural resins. After applying alcohol varnish, a durable shiny coating is formed. Like water, these materials are rather weakly resistant to moisture. Most often these furniture varnishes are used to coat polished bases.

polyurethane

Very strong and wear-resistant material, suitable for processing any wooden furniture, outdoors or indoors. Due to the outstanding performance, even floors are covered with polyurethane varnish. Although such a finish costs a pretty penny, however, the invested finances are fully compensated due to the excellent operational and decorative characteristics.

Nitrolac

Nitro-varnishes contain resins, colloxylin, plasticizers and solvents. After application, a very durable layer is formed on the surface of the tree, which dries in about 3-4 hours. Due to the volatile toxins contained in the material, work is only allowed with a respirator and gloves. Such a varnish can be used for garden furniture that will stand on the street, for benches,.

How to choose an unscented varnish

When determining which varnish is best for wood furniture, it is recommended to pay attention to the most harmless compounds that do not have an unpleasant odor. This is not so easy to do, because materials based on organic solvents usually smell very strongly. The disadvantage of durable and moisture resistant alkyd compounds is their high toxicity. Similar characteristics are also inherent in nitrocellulose quick-drying varnishes.

Polyurethane materials, despite the popularity and breadth of application, also contain toxic solvents. The best option for odorless furniture varnish is a water-based acrylic coating. It has practically no restrictions on its use, differing in complete safety, durability, fire safety and high decorative characteristics. Wood products processed with it retain their naturalness and natural texture.

Aerosol type formulations

As a rule, varnishes for furniture require additional dilution before use. To facilitate the work of coatings manufacturers, a special line of materials in the form of a spray has been developed. The substance in the factory is poured into sealed cans, from where it is subsequently sprayed by aerosol. This saves time for the preparation of the composition and finances for the purchase of the necessary tools (brushes, rollers).

Varnish for furniture, today it is represented by a diverse assortment, which is extremely difficult for a beginner to figure out. There are many questions: what manufacturer of furniture varnish is better to buy? In a can or in a plastic bucket? Should I take a smaller or larger container? Glossy or matte finish? - these and many other questions arise in the process of choosing a furniture varnish. After reading this material, you will be able to understand what type of varnish is needed, how to store it and how to apply it.

  • Nitrocellulose varnish for furniture

Widespread furniture varnish on the Russian market, which consists of the following components: resin, colloxylin, organic mixture. A distinctive feature of nitrocellulose furniture varnish is improved strength and hardness properties, which allow each applied layer to dry in approximately 40-60 minutes at an ambient temperature of + 20 ° C and a relative humidity of 75%. Nitrocellulose varnish for furniture is safe for human health and can be used in residential areas, both inside and outside the building.

  • Water based furniture varnish

The most sought-after type of varnish among masters. Environmentally friendly coating due to the water base, the absence of harmful substances in the composition and toxins. Water-based varnish for furniture can be divided into several groups:

  • - polyurethane. Polyester varnishes for furniture are presented in one and two-component versions. A two-component polyurethane varnish is used not only for furniture but also for parquet, as it is very resistant to abrasion due to the formation of an increased film strength on the coating.
  • - one-component
  • - two-component
  • - acrylic. High-strength furniture varnish that does not change the color and structure of wood after application. Recommended for indoor use as it is not moisture resistant.

What is the best furniture polish?

It is preferable to use varnish for Russian-made furniture, due to the fact that the cost of this product will be much lower than European counterparts, and there is practically no difference. It is important to take into account that modern chemical enterprises have the latest production lines, exactly the same as abroad.

Among all manufacturers of paint and varnish products, a couple of manufacturers can be distinguished:

  • lakra
  • GoodChem

The first manufacturer produces good products, but the choice is obvious in favor of the second one, which wins in terms of price / quality ratio, and besides, I was pleasantly pleased with the new assortment from the 2016-2017 catalog.

Let's take a closer look at googhim's furniture polish:

PURPOSE AND PROPERTIES:

Lacquer Furniture Series goodhim™ TEXTURE Protection and Decor Designed for protection and decoration wooden furniture.

Formed strong, transparent, elastic film not subject to cracking even with minor mechanical deformations of the furniture, which are inevitable during the operation or movement of the furniture.

When dried, the varnish forms a transparent, elastic, durable film and protects against damage for a long time. moisture, rot, fungus, mold, algae, prevents swelling and deformation.

The varnish has a pronounced decorating and protective antiseptic effects.

  • The varnish contains a UV filter and effectively preserves the saturation of the color of the decorative coating, including the natural color of the wood. (light fastness corresponds to GOST R 52020-2003)

The varnish does not pass water and at the same time passes steam, which allows you to create a "breathing" coating.

Lacquer FURNITURE goodhim™ TEXTURE Protection and Decor available in the following versions:

  • Matt goodhim TEXTURE 400
  • Glossy goodhim TEXTURE 410

COMPOUND:

Aqueous dispersion of acrylic polymer, antiseptic and modifying additives.

The varnish is a milky white homogeneous viscous liquid with a slight odor. When completely dry, the varnish changes its color to colorless and forms a transparent, elastic, durable film.

MODE OF APPLICATION

  • Surface preparation:

Before applying varnish, the surface should be cleaned of dirt and dried. Old varnish should be removed. To give the maximum decorative effect, it is recommended to apply varnish on a pre-sanded surface.

  • It is recommended to apply varnish at temperatures above +7°C and normal humidity.
  • Consumption:

Estimated consumption when applied with a brush on wood 100-160 g/m² first coat, 100 g/m² second coat. To obtain the best decorative effect, it is recommended to apply twice or multiple times with an intermediate drying time of 1 hour.

  • Drying:

Within 1 hour after application, the varnish ceases to stick when touched. Complete drying occurs after 48 hours.

  • Application method:

The varnish is applied in a continuous layer with a brush, roller, pouring, dipping or swab.

  • Keep:

In a tightly closed original container at a temperature of 0°С to +40°С.

When freezing / thawing down to -15 ° C, it does not lose its properties. (up to 5 times)

  • Shelf life 24 months from the date of manufacture.

Conclusions:

Among all manufacturers, it was GoodChem that provided the opportunity to check the entire series of varnishes. The results of the application exceeded all expectations, this is a really high-quality product, for a price that is simply out of competition on the Russian market. We recommend GoodChem furniture varnish. You can find it on the official website of the plant, for this, just type "GoodChem" in the search bar.