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How much can you take sick leave during pregnancy. On what grounds is a sick leave for pregnant women issued? Example: how sick leave is paid

Often, a pregnant woman does not feel well. How can she get a sick leave for incapacity for work?

When is the sick leave not due?

Already from the first weeks of pregnancy, a woman has health problems. In the morning she is excruciatingly sick, sometimes vomiting, she feels a general weakness, a pulling pain in the lower abdomen, does not tolerate stuffy rooms. If a woman works at the same time and decides to consult a doctor with her symptoms to receive a sick leave, she will most likely be refused, promising that after 12 weeks all discomfort will disappear.

However, sometimes, in some cases, it is possible to receive a partial release from work.

How can you get a certificate that temporarily relieves you from work?

All workplaces, as a rule, are certified for hazardousness. Certain professions offer cash benefits due to health hazards. Many of them have little effect on the general health of a woman, but during pregnancy they pose a danger to the normal development of the fetus. Because of this, a pregnant woman, practically from the first days of her new position, can apply for exemption from work in working conditions that endanger the health of her and her unborn child. Moreover, exemption for the entire period of pregnancy up to childbirth.

What do you need to do for this?

  1. The personnel department of an enterprise or an occupational safety engineer is obliged to issue a certificate indicating a list of the professional characteristics of a woman's work that pose a threat to her condition.
  2. Contact your gynecologist at the state polyclinic, who will confirm the fact of pregnancy and document the woman to an expert medical commission, which will give the go-ahead for a certificate of release. It is possible to register for pregnancy a little later - after passing all the examinations. With such legal issues, it is better to contact the polyclinic at the place of residence, since commercial medical institutions do not have the right to issue such documents.
  3. At the appointed time, when the expert commission of the polyclinic is working, you should come there with a referral, an outpatient card, a passport, a certificate from the place of work. During the admission of this commission, the woman receives an official exemption from work that is harmful to health.
  4. Take the received certificate to the HR department.

Occupational hazards from which a pregnant woman should be exempted

  • Vibration (applies to truck drivers and all types of public transport).
  • Lifting and manually moving loads.
  • Toxic vapors - gasoline, lead, ammonia, acetone, lead, formaldehyde, etc., dust aerosols that can cause birth defects in a child's development.
  • Low or high temperature.
  • Contact with pathogenic microbes.
  • Radiation hazardous to the fetus.
A complete list of unfavorable factors can be found from the chairman of the EEC.

An EEC certificate is not required to obtain a long-term sick leave for such hazards as overtime work, night shifts, business trips to a place that is so remote that it is impossible to return home in one working day, additional working hours on weekends.

In such cases, the mother is on the side of labor legislation and it is enough just to notify the personnel department about her condition.

Release from work

An exemption certificate should not be confused with a certificate of incapacity for work. She does not exempt from the obligation to go to work every day. However, if the working conditions are not consistent with those specified in the certificate, the head of the enterprise must provide the pregnant woman with another place of work for the period of bearing the child, while retaining the previous one for her. Another option is to free the pregnant woman from all occupational hazards at her original place of work.

When is the sheet of temporary disability due?

Any illness, be it a cold, infection, injury, in which work is impossible, gives a pregnant woman the right to require sick leave on full grounds until she fully recovers.

This means that government regulations apply to them in the same way as before pregnancy.

Which, in turn, means: the sick leave is drawn up by the same doctor of the polyclinic or hospital, who considered it possible to temporarily completely release a pregnant woman from work. For example, a doctor of the gynecological department of a hospital or an obstetrician of a polyclinic - with the threat of termination of pregnancy, with gestosis, abortion; ENT - with sinusitis, therapist - with bronchitis, surgeon - with a burn.

When released from work due to illness, sick leave is paid on a general basis. That is, the amount charged depends on the length of service and salary for the last two years.

When going on maternity leave, you should find out in advance how sick leave is paid during pregnancy. During this period, a woman needs care, and the state guarantees the preservation of a job, special social payments.

How sick leave is paid during pregnancy before maternity leave

One of the difficult issues is the payment of periods of incapacity for work for special categories of workers. The employer must know to whom and to what extent he is making payments. Employees of the organization must remember their rights and insist on their observance.

Knowing how sick leave is paid by law during pregnancy can help you protect your rights.

Pregnant women can get sick just like other employees. In addition, during this period, urgent hospitalization may be required to maintain the health of the mother and the unborn child. According to the law, a sick leave of the established form is issued in a medical institution.

The amount of payments will depend on the official length of service in a particular organization:

  • less than two years - 60% of the average earnings are calculated;
  • from 5 to 8 years old - 80%;
  • with work experience of 8 years or more, for the period of incapacity for work, they pay at the rate of 100% of the average wage.

The employer can voluntarily establish other payments and additional types of workers' compensation.

How is sick leave paid for pregnancy and childbirth?

Working pregnant women are legally guaranteed special benefits. For a period of 30 weeks, the employee goes on maternity leave. It is provided for a total of 140 days. It is drawn up on an approved form; some features are highlighted in its design.

  • Such a document is drawn up by a limited number of medical specialists. First of all, an obstetrician-gynecologist or general practitioner. If these doctors are absent, then a paramedic or midwife.
  • The time for issuing a certificate of incapacity for work is calculated by the doctor. This date is mandatory for the employer. The employee, at will, can continue to work on a general basis.
  • The vacation is paid 100% from the social security fund.
  • In the case of multiple pregnancies, the number of days of incapacity for work increases to 194 and is also fully paid.
  • In case of complicated childbirth, the woman is issued an additional sick leave. It is added to maternity leave and is paid 100%.

The employer does not have the right to refuse the employee to pay maternity payments, this is contrary to the law.

A pregnant woman may have a cold or go to the hospital long before the maternity leave. In this case, the amount of compensation depends on the length of service. Sick leave for pregnancy and childbirth is paid at 100%, regardless of the length of service, position and other indicators.


Pregnancy is not a disease, although sometimes it is harder to carry than any disease. Fatigue, drowsiness, nausea, edema - this is just a small list of those problems that any woman can face. And with this, all expectant mothers have to go to work and do it efficiently.

But sometimes the state of health deteriorates so much that it is impossible to work. And then pregnant women go to the gynecologist to take a sick leave. Is it possible?

Sick leave

A certificate of incapacity for work, or sick leave, is a document confirming a person's inability to work at the moment. This does not always happen during illness - you can be disabled at the stage of rehabilitation. And during pregnancy it can be difficult to work without any diseases.

Who can give sick leave during pregnancy? This is done by the attending physician - therapist, gynecologist, urologist, ENT, neuropathologist - depending on the complaints the patient has addressed.


Many people confuse the concepts of illness and disability. For example, loss of voice after suffering laryngitis is an absolute indication for a hospital teacher or shop assistant. And the loader or typesetter will have to explain why he cannot do his job without his voice. These nuances may be associated with a refusal to issue a sick leave by a doctor, which causes outrage among patients.

How to get a certificate of incapacity for work for a pregnant woman? Who can issue it - a therapist or a gynecologist? What kind of complaints should you address?

Disability of pregnant women

Usually, most doctors always go to meet them and issue a sick leave at the slightest ailment. Any doctor has come across pregnancy either by his own example, or by the example of his wife, relatives, and knows how difficult it can sometimes be, even at a short time. Moreover, it is in the first trimester that pregnancy is usually difficult to tolerate due to toxicosis.

However, some expectant mothers abuse their position, perceiving pregnancy as a disease. And even if no one has to doubt their health, they require special treatment. Such patients often try to go on sick leave over and over again so as not to show up at work until maternity leave.

There is also a third nuance. In the treatment of pregnant women, priority is given to one thing - to prevent complications. And doctors often try to play it safe. It is safer for them to treat the expectant mother a little more than necessary, to leave under supervision, to prescribe medications.


Pregnant women are often offered inpatient hospitalization or at least the option of an overnight hospital stay.

Maternity leave

Previously, this was the name of the period that began from the 7th month of pregnancy and allowed a woman not to go to work legally. In fact, this is also a sick leave - for pregnancy and childbirth. It is given for a period of 140 to 194 days, depending on the complexity of childbirth and the number of children born.

This sick leave is issued by the attending physician - gynecologist in the antenatal clinic together with the head. Every woman has the right to receive sick leave for pregnancy and childbirth, regardless of the period when she first appeared in the antenatal clinic. The main thing is that this happens before the 30th week of pregnancy (up to the 28th in the case of twins or triplets). If a woman wants to continue working until childbirth, she will not have to go on sick leave against her will.

Disability during pregnancy

Until the 30th week, expectant mothers need to work. This is not always easy. And diseases can overtake the most common - acute respiratory infections, runny nose, bronchitis. They are usually accompanied by frequent pregnancy companions - nausea or vomiting, excruciating insomnia, back and joint pain, leg cramps.

Is sick leave necessary in such a situation? Yes, in case of illness or complication of pregnancy, a working woman is entitled to a certificate of incapacity for work. If you feel unwell due to a common, non-gynecological disease, you should consult a therapist. If necessary, he will refer you to narrow specialists - an ENT specialist, an ophthalmologist, a neurologist. Problems related to pregnancy are dealt with by a gynecologist at the antenatal clinic.

Therapeutic certificate of incapacity for work

The therapist can advise pregnant women at the local polyclinic or at the antenatal clinic. He should be contacted with the following complaints:

  • temperature increase;
  • chills;
  • sore throat or sore throat, discomfort when swallowing;
  • cough;
  • runny nose;
  • headache or ear pain.

All these are symptoms of colds or viral respiratory diseases, bronchitis. With such complaints, the therapist single-handedly issues a certificate of incapacity for work for 3-5 days - depending on the condition. After the next examination, he can extend it for another 5 days if the patient continues to be ill. For more than 10 days, the sick leave is extended only after a joint examination with the head of the department and certified by his seal. For sick leave for acute respiratory infections lasting more than 10 days, there must be good reasons. If they do exist, the pregnant woman should be offered hospitalization for inpatient treatment.


What else do they turn to a therapist with during pregnancy? A common complaint is pain in the back, in the lumbosacral spine, radiating to the leg. Painful sensations prevent the expectant mother from walking and sitting, working at full strength. A neurologist can also issue a sick leave in this situation.

Sometimes the therapist refuses to issue a sick leave. This can be with changes in the analyzes that are not accompanied by clinical manifestations. For example, with a slight to moderate decrease in hemoglobin without dizziness, severe weakness, decreased blood pressure, or fainting. In this situation, the doctor can only recommend iron supplements to a pregnant woman, since her analysis does not affect her ability to work.

As a rule, the therapists do not issue a hospital certificate even for complaints of low blood pressure, especially if this is not confirmed by a doctor's measurement.

Sick leave from a gynecologist

You can safely contact a gynecologist with complaints typical of pregnancy. They are familiar to any woman. Most often these will be:

  • severe weakness;
  • dizziness;
  • fatigue;
  • drowsiness or insomnia;
  • nausea and vomiting;
  • pulling pain in the abdomen;
  • vaginal discharge.

But if earlier a gynecologist in an antenatal clinic could give a certificate of incapacity for work for a sufficiently long period with periodic examinations, now the rules have become stricter. Common outpatient diagnoses of "toxicosis of pregnancy" and "threatened termination" now require hospital treatment. This can be a round-the-clock stay or a daily visit for tests and medical appointments.

For inpatient treatment, the indications must be justified. A certificate of incapacity for work issued in a hospital can be quite lengthy. If necessary, it continues for the entire period of bearing a child with short-term visits to work.

Easy labor

But what if there are no signs of illness or complications, but it is getting harder and harder to work?

Expectant mothers have the right to easy work. This is not a certificate of incapacity for work - you will have to go to work, but the workload will significantly decrease. A gynecologist must give a certificate of the need for light work, then it is presented to the employer with a corresponding statement. Easy work implies the absence of occupational hazards, a shorter schedule, if necessary, and more comfortable working conditions for the expectant mother.


Although pregnancy is not a disease, it requires a different mode of work and rest. And if a doctor suggests using a certificate of incapacity for work or a certificate of easy labor, it is better to listen to his recommendations.

Sick leave for pregnant women is given according to the same scheme as for any person with a common illness, this is due to the fact that in both cases, temporary disability occurs. But, nevertheless, there are some peculiarities, and a woman must know them in order to avoid disagreements with the employer.

Sometimes, employers are unscrupulous and try to get rid of a pregnant employee so as not to keep her workplace for a long time. For this he will face criminal liability, therefore, in extreme cases, you should contact the law enforcement agencies.

Since the end of April 2012, new rules for issuing sick leave have come into force in Russia, including for women preparing for childbirth. For all questions of interest or controversy, you can contact the antenatal clinic, where there are lawyers, or doctors themselves have the necessary information.

So, sick leave for pregnant women: when they give this leaflet, or how long it is possible to leave the decree, indicated in the legislation. According to him, from the 30th week of the term, a woman can receive maternity leave, its duration is 140 days (from the moment the vacation starts, not childbirth). If childbirth begins earlier, and the woman did not have time to arrange a vacation, then the sick leave is issued post factum, i.e. the countdown of days starts from the day of birth (and in this case it will increase to 156 days).

Modern women are increasingly refusing to take sick leave, continuing to work up to 36 - 38 weeks, and this is their right, because the legislation gives women the right to choose when to go on maternity leave, but the employer must provide the right to leave starting from the 30th week of pregnancy. The main thing here is constant consultations with a doctor, who will decide whether work at a later date poses a danger to the life and health of a woman or her baby.

Where to get a sick leave for a pregnant woman, the medical institution in which the woman is registered will tell you, most often, the sheet is issued in the same place, the main thing is to generally be assigned to any clinic and be monitored by a doctor, otherwise difficulties may arise, you will have to take a lot of tests, undergo an examination, and only after that the doctor will be able to sign the sheet. It is also important to know how to take a sick leave for a pregnant woman, because one day she cannot just stop going to her work.

The procedure is simple, that it will be necessary to take a vacation, the doctor warns, long before the required time, then, depending on health or personal reasons, at 30 weeks (or later) the woman decides to go on vacation. She again turns to her gynecologist, who writes out a sick leave, in which she puts the expected date of birth.

With this sheet, a woman comes to her employer, who, in turn, may ask to write an application for vacation, although the law does not oblige this, but this will be an extra safety net for the woman, because she will once again clearly write down the dates of her temporary absence from work ... This will save her from unnecessary worries about the decency of the employer and whether she will receive a payment for the entire vacation period.

Next, you need to find out how sick leave is paid for pregnant women. According to the new procedure prescribed in the legislation, the employer must complete all the papers and calculations within ten days and give them to the Social Insurance Fund. And it is this fund that will fully pay for the sick leave for pregnancy and childbirth, and this is precisely the difference from the sick leave.

Payment for sick leave for pregnant women is as follows:

    the amount of the allowance is calculated, for this they add up the woman's monthly salary for the last six months, and divide it by the number of calendar days in the same period. That is, the monthly salary is 30 thousand rubles. (all bonuses and bonuses are also summed up here), they need to be multiplied by 6, and the resulting amount should be divided by 180 days. Thus, it turns out 1 thousand rubles, and this will be the average daily earnings of a woman. Based on this, the Social Security Fund determines the amount of the benefit. If a woman has worked for less than 6 months, then the average daily earnings are calculated according to the actual period worked (from one to 5 full months).

    calculate the payment. The amount of the allowance is determined as follows: the average daily earnings (for example, 1,000 rubles) are multiplied by the number of days due for vacation (usually 140 days). It turns out that the payment amount will be 140 thousand rubles. at a time, for the entire vacation period.

But in order to correctly calculate the amount, you also need to know for how long a sick leave is issued for pregnancy and childbirth. As mentioned earlier, in the normal course of pregnancy and the absence of health problems or complications, the vacation will be 140 calendar days (70 each, before and after childbirth). But a woman herself can decide how to distribute these days, it all depends on how long she will go on vacation. The sick leave can be increased in time and will be:

194 days, when the pregnancy is multiple, and if complications occurred during childbirth, then add another 16 days.

156 days, in case of premature birth, if the baby survived within the first 6 days.

90 days before childbirth, when a woman lives in an area with high radiation levels.

In addition, sick leave for pregnancy and childbirth is also required if:

    the woman underwent artificial insemination;

    she adopted a child under the age of 3 months, the vacation will be 70 days;

    the woman had an abortion, in which case the minimum rest will be 10 calendar days (maximum 30, according to the doctor's decision).

If a woman is registered with an antenatal clinic at an early stage (up to 12 weeks), then she is entitled to a lump sum, regardless of whether she works or not, the amount is about 500 rubles, plus regional coefficients and allowances.

The state is trying to support pregnant women and young mothers, therefore it took responsibility for paying sick leave benefits, and also introduced criminal liability for employers who infringe on the rights of pregnant women.

The question of how to take sick leave during pregnancy arises in almost every pregnant woman. And this is not surprising. The joyful news of impending happiness goes hand in hand with the fear that something will go wrong. Therefore, women from the very first weeks look for ways to prevent stress and physical damage. The hardest part is for women workers of private and state enterprises, who are saved only by sick leave.

What to count on

Each of the trimesters of pregnancy is important in its own way in the development and formation of the baby. And each of them is accompanied by characteristic uncomfortable symptoms. But, according to the norms of labor legislation, only after the 30th week can a woman expect to receive a long sick leave, which is provided as preparation for childbirth. But, how to take sick leave during pregnancy earlier, if the body is aching and weak and you want to sleep all the time?

A pregnant woman requires much more attention and care, so doctors give certificates of incapacity for work, but if there are sufficient grounds for this. It is necessary to confirm by examination or analyzes that there are reasons to fear for the health of the baby or mother. Sufficient grounds in antenatal clinics mean even the slightest and insignificant deviations from the norm. If you abuse the attention and responsibility of your doctor, you can spend the entire pregnancy on sick leave.

In medical practice, either a gynecologist or a therapist can give a sick leave. The gynecologist can be a personal or a replacement doctor. The district therapist or any substitute is also involved.

Profile doctor

The antenatal clinic doctor, who is assigned to observe the pregnant woman until the very day of childbirth, bears the maximum responsibility for her condition and the health of the baby. Therefore, getting a sick leave from a gynecologist is not difficult at all. For sick leave, at least one of the following reasons is enough:

  • severe intolerance to odors (toxicosis), which does not go away even when taking targeted medications;
  • significant infections and diseases of the genital organs;
  • excessive swelling (noticeable mainly in the second half of the term);
  • the threat of termination of pregnancy (regardless of the reason);
  • general weakness and poor health;
  • blood pressure with abnormal indicators;
  • increased tone of the uterus;
  • identified pathologies in the development of the fetus.

It is not difficult to get a certificate of incapacity for work from a gynecologist, but you need to understand that each of these ailments is the basis for inpatient treatment and these disorders cannot be neglected. The period of inpatient treatment is 10 to 15 days. If necessary, this period can be extended. Hospital for pregnant women, issued by gynecologists, are used for the purpose of real treatment. If you just want to go home, sit down and do nothing, then it is better to contact a therapist.

Important! If you experience any kind of discomfort or pain, you need to contact an observing gynecologist. He decides to which of the doctors to send for a consultation examination.

General physician

The therapist is indirectly related to the pregnancy, but his conclusion is mandatory at the beginning of the term and immediately before going on maternity leave. In addition, he can conduct unscheduled examinations at the initiative of a pregnant woman or on the recommendation of a gynecologist.

Considering that the therapist is a specialist who is authorized to write out certificates of incapacity for work due to various kinds of diseases, he can also provide sick leave for pregnancy. The main feature of such disability sheets is the possibility of self-treatment at home.

To get sick leave from a therapist, you must have at least one of the following indications:

  • the occurrence of allergies;
  • colds;
  • poor test results;
  • chronic ailments of a pregnant woman.

If a pregnant woman asked a gynecologist to help in providing sick leave, complaining of a general malaise, the doctor would refer the woman to a therapist. It is he who is authorized to issue certificates of incapacity for work on such grounds.

Out of count

The first three months are the most difficult and dangerous. This is the period when the female body is actively fighting a foreign body, and therefore the beauty of pregnancy in the first trimester is accompanied by strong and changeable discomfort. That is why it is important to register at a local hospital as early as possible in order to protect both yourself and your baby from negative consequences.

But it also happens that a woman feels unwell or other alarming signals even before registration. But even in this case, a sick leave is guaranteed for pregnant women. There are two options on how to get a certificate of incapacity for work before registering with a gynecological account.

So, first of all, it is an ambulance home call. The paramedic gives a referral for examination by a gynecologist, who must confirm the fact of pregnancy. Confirmation of this fact gives rise to automatic registration. And, of course, given the appeal to the emergency department, the pregnant woman will go to inpatient treatment.

The second way is to visit general doctors, in particular a therapist. The doctor will study the etymology of the disease and give a referral to the gynecological office. If a woman went to the appointment and received confirmation of her condition, then she should return to the therapist to complete the sick leave during pregnancy.

Terms

In addition to determining the order in which certificates of incapacity for work are issued and taken, it is important to learn about the possible deadlines for outpatient and inpatient treatment. This will help you figure out how to go on sick leave for the longest possible period.

As a general rule, initial disability documents are issued for 15 days. If at the end of this period no symptoms are observed, then in order to prolong the treatment, a commission is convened, which will take information about the illness and the amplitude of recovery and, if necessary, extend the sick leave.

The state of pregnancy, as one of the most difficult periods in the life of every woman, provides enough opportunities for obtaining sick leave. The main thing is a woman's attention to herself and her baby.