Early retirement. Early retirement

06.09.2019

Last updated February 2019

In June 2018, the pension reform started (on June 16, 2018, a draft law on raising the retirement age was submitted to the State Duma).

The main idea of the reform was to increase:

standard retirement age (65 for men, 63 for women);
age limit of the disabled (70 - men, 68 - women),
the age level of certain categories (medical workers, teachers, theatrical figures, workers of the Far North, etc.).

Now the law is being proofread by the deputy, and public opinion is being assessed and the wishes and suggestions of the population are being collected. The incident received a great response. Some amendments have already been made to the bill.

On August 29, 2018, the President of the Russian Federation contributed to the reform aimed at softening the provisions of the project.

The main theses are:

the general retirement age for women will be 60;
women with children will be granted the right to early retirement (3 children 3 years ahead of schedule, 4 children 4 years earlier, 5 or more children will be allowed to retire at 50);
the reform will not affect the benefits for the indigenous peoples of the North, the victims of the Chernobyl accident, certain privileged categories (chemical and hot shops, miners, etc.);
the length of service for early retirement will be reduced (37 years for women and 42 for men, instead of the current 40 and 45, respectively);
those who are currently on the eve of retirement are given the right to take a well-deserved rest six months ahead of schedule, that is, a man at 59.5 years old, and women at 54.5 years old.

But this is just a sketch for now. Whether the deputies will adopt the law, and in what edition time will tell. And now the situation is the same as before.

Currently, in order to enter a paid old-age pension and receive certain benefits, the following facts must be present:

retirement age (for men at the age of 60, for women - 55 years);
the presence of a minimum of 6 years of insurance experience;
the value of the individual coefficient from 6.6.

The required insurance experience will gradually increase: from 6 years in 2015. up to 15 years by 2024 And the individual pension coefficient will grow by 2.4 points annually until it reaches 30.

Early retirement

The legislation of our country guarantees a citizen the right to access a paid old-age pension and receive certain benefits. The grounds for a general pension are regulated by Article 8 of the Federal Law No. 400.

But, there are a number of federal regulations that clearly regulate the grounds for the early appointment of labor pensions.

Early retirement at age 50 and earlier: list of persons and conditions for appointment

Articles 30,31 and 32 of the Federal Law No. 400

Articles 30,31 and 32 of the Federal Law No. 400 provide a guaranteed assignment of a labor pension to citizens whose seniority includes the following periods:

Work in special territorial conditions;
Activities associated with special working conditions;

The list of grounds is individual and quite extensive (). For example, it includes:

women who raised more than 5 children, parents and guardians of disabled people from childhood.
the right to early retirement belongs to disabled people: due to a military injury, with pituitary dwarfism, which has the first group of vision.
citizens permanently residing or working in the Far North and areas equated to it, persons employed in underground, mining industries, doctors in rural areas, etc.

Professions that allow early retirement due to harmfulness are indicated by lists 1 and 2, approved by the USSR Cabinet of Ministers on January 26, 1991.

The procedure for assigning an early pension

- When can I apply to PF? The appointment of a pension occurs from the date of application, but not earlier than the day the right to it arises. Before contacting the territorial branch of the Pension Fund, it is advisable to consult with its specialists or in the personnel department about the required list of documents.
- How to submit documents? An application for the early appointment of a pension and the necessary certificates can be submitted by a citizen in person or sent by mail. The day of receipt of documents or the date on the postmark will be considered the day of circulation. They are confirmed by a receipt issued by hand or sent by mail.
- If the list of documents is incomplete? The person has the right, on the basis of an explanation from the PF employee, to convey the missing documents. Subject to a 3-month period from the date of receipt of an explanation, the date of applying for a pension remains the day the application was received.
- How long does it take for the PF to process an application? The pension fund is obliged to consider the application and make a decision on the appointment within 10 days.
- Can they refuse? In case of refusal, the citizen must be notified of this within 5 days. The notice must specify the reasons and procedure for appeal.

Early retirement in case of liquidation of the enterprise or reduction of personnel

Young people are dear to us everywhere, but an employee of pre-retirement age who has lost his job for the above reasons often experiences difficulties in finding employment. There is also a way out of this situation - to issue an early retirement.

The most essential condition for the appointment of premature provision is the age of the reduced one. The period remaining until retirement due to old age cannot exceed 2 years. That is, in the absence of other conditions, early retirement:

for women is provided only at the age of 53,
early retirement for men - at 58 years old.

The following conditions must also be met:

Dismissal only due to a reduction in the number of personnel or during the liquidation of the enterprise. Other reasons, such as one's own desire or medical indications, are not provided for by law.
The presence of 25 years of insurance experience - for males, 20 years - for women. The length of service may be less than the established one if the conditions specified above are indicated in Articles 30,31,32 of the Federal Law.
A citizen must be recognized as unemployed and be registered with the Employment authorities.
There should be no vacancies on the exchange that correspond to the education, vacancy and qualifications of a person who has been made redundant.

The right to early appointment of a pension is deprived of citizens who have faults that led to the termination of the appointment of social benefits (reducing its size), or 2 times refused employment in suitable vacancies.

Rules for registration and appointment of early pension

For a working citizen after dismissal

The employer is obliged to pay the employee severance pay within a 2-month period.
If during this time it was not possible to find a new place, payments from the former job cease, the citizen receives the status of an unemployed person and the right to receive benefits (if he independently registered with the Employment Center). The term of its payment is also limited by time frames and is no more than 12 months.

For the unemployed of pre-retirement age

For unemployed people of pre-retirement age who have an insurance record of more than 20 years for women and 25 years for men, the payment of this subsidy may be extended. Each year, worked out in excess of the length of service, extends the state provision for 2 weeks.

If the employees of the service experience difficulties with the selection of vacancies, they will offer the unemployed person in writing to exercise the right to early retirement. With this referral, the person must apply to the ROPF. This must be done within a month, otherwise the application will become invalid. The only valid reason for extending the term is an illness confirmed by a certificate of incapacity for work. With a positive response from the pension fund, the status of the unemployed is canceled and the payment of a pension is assigned. An early pension is paid before the start of the retirement age, then the old-age insurance pension is transferred.

Pension payments are compensated by the Pension Fund from the budget of the employment center. Therefore, the latter, when quotas are exceeded, are often denied the issuance of referrals. If a future pensioner is faced with an unreasonable refusal, in his opinion, he can file a complaint with the Ministry of Labor or can challenge the decision in court.

If a citizen finds a job or opens a business

Then the payment of early pension is terminated and resumed only after the dismissal or closure of the individual entrepreneur or legal entity. Therefore, it is worth deciding in advance on the choice (pension or salary), which gives the greatest income. About all changes (also about the onset of the age provided for receiving an old-age insurance pension), a citizen must independently notify the PF branches.

A package of documents for submission to the regional branch of the Pension Fund

Employees of the Pension Fund may request the following additional documents confirming:

Change of personal data (full name);
The presence in the family of disabled members and dependents (birth certificates, documents confirming their full-time education);
Work experience in the Far North, in especially difficult and hazardous enterprises;
Appointment of disability, etc.

Calculation of the amount of pension payments

The amount of the early pension is calculated in the same way as the method for determining the old-age pension and depends on:

From the amount of payments in the PF;
From wages.

Early retirement is also subject to government indexation and recalculation. In parallel, the citizen is granted the right to receive payments for long service.

If you have questions about the topic of the article, please feel free to ask them in the comments. We will definitely answer all your questions within a few days. However, carefully read all the questions and answers to the article, if a similar question has a detailed answer, then your question will not be published.

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Early retirement is assigned according to professional or social indicators. For their registration, the applicant must meet the requirements approved by law. The main criteria are the presence of specific and / or general experience, length of service, residence in the northern regions. For each category of beneficiaries, their own age limits are determined, which can reach 40-55 years or not depend on age at all. Women with many children, guardians and parents of the disabled, unemployed pre-pensioners can also apply for the benefit.

The list of persons who may qualify for early retirement has been approved at the legislative level. Moreover, the requirements for residence, lists of professions, social status and other conditions are mentioned in various regulatory documents.

Table 1. Regulatory documents

*Name of the law*	*The essence of the document*
Ch. 6 FZ-No. 400 of December 28, 2013 (as amended on June 27, 2018)	Indicates eligibility for early retirement benefits.
from 16.07.2014	The lists of professions, jobs, positions, industries, organizations and the rules for calculating the length of service for assigning preferential early payments have been approved.
Article 14 of Federal Law No. 426 dated December 28, 2013 (as amended on July 19, 2018)	Assesses harmful working conditions.
Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers of the USSR No. 10 of 01/26/1991	Complete List 1 and List 2 of harmful and difficult working conditions with professions, positions, etc.
Art. 11 FZ-No. 166 dated 12/15/2001 (as amended on 03/07/2018)	On the state provision of disabled people and small peoples of the North.
Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. dated 01.01.2015	A list of regions and small peoples of the North has been approved.
Art. 32 FZ-No. 1032-1 dated 04/19/1991 (as amended on 07/03/2018)	On the rules for calculating early pension payments to the unemployed.

In addition, as a result of the implementation, a number of provisions of existing legislative acts will be amended or supplemented in terms of age norms, length of service, other conditions and the provision of additional benefits.

Who can apply for early retirement

Prior to the start of the pension reform norms, women at the age of 55 and men at the age of 60 were entitled to a labor pension. It was from this age criterion that they repelled when calculating early retirement.

The right to earlier processing of payments is granted according to social indicators:

women with many children who gave birth to 5 or more children and raised them up to 8 years;
one of the parents or guardian of a disabled person from childhood, subject to the upbringing and care of him until the age of 8;
disabled people who received a military injury;
visually impaired group I;
midgets and dwarfs;
permanently residing in the regions of the Far North;
the unemployed who lost their jobs at pre-retirement age.

A more extensive list of beneficiaries is provided for the appointment of an early labor pension. You can apply for a pension earlier than the generally accepted period:

workers in heavy, hazardous and hazardous industries;
persons with a "northern" experience;
citizens of the Russian Federation whose total experience exceeds 45/40 years.

To determine groups of professions, areas of activity, preferential lists or hazard nets have been developed.

List I includes professions associated with dangerous and unhealthy working conditions. This right has employees who work:

in metallurgical, coke-chemical, chemical production;
in mining, underground works;
in medical institutions with radioactive or radiological substances;
on railway, maritime transport, subway, civil aviation;
associated with the processing of gas, oil, coal, shale, gas condensate;
in glass, pulp, printing industries;
with explosive and radioactive, chemical substances;
in nuclear energy, etc.

In total, the list of areas of activity that give the right to early retirement according to the first list has 24 positions.

List II includes difficult working conditions, which, in addition to the listed areas, include work in the field of communications, agriculture, light and food industries, etc. (a total of 34 positions).

Conditions for the appointment of early payments

Since citizens of various categories have the right to early retirement benefits: by profession, place of residence, social status, length of service, the conditions for assigning payments differ significantly.

Hazard pension

The main criterion for the appointment of an early pension for work in hazardous working conditions is:

the presence of special experience;
duration of the general work experience;
achievement by the applicant of the retirement age established for his category.

Table 2. Conditions for assigning payments under Schedule 1

Note! For each additional year of work in harmful conditions, if more than half of the established norm is exceeded and the necessary length of service is available, early retirement is increased by 1 year.

Table 3. Conditions for assigning payments under Schedule 2

To reduce the age limits by 1 year, a man must additionally work in difficult conditions for 2.5 years, women - 2 years, with a total excess of special experience by 1.5 times.

Important conditions for the appointment of a preferential pension:

compliance of working conditions with established standards;
transfer by the employer of additional insurance premiums: 9% of the employee's salary from the 1st list, 6% - from the 2nd list.

Important! During a televised address to the people, Vladimir Putin said that the age limits for entering a well-deserved rest for persons involved in hazardous industries will remain unchanged.

Preferential labor pension

There are a number of professions for which there is no mandatory work experience.

In these cases, the main criterion for assigning preferential payments is the presence of special experience. In the people, this type of provision is called a service pension. In fact, it is a preferential early pension for specific work.

Table 4. Conditions for the appointment of early retirement benefits

*Profession*	*Special experience*		*Retirement age*
	*Men*	*Women*	*Men*	*Women*
Textile industry with increased weight	–	20	–	50
Underground and open pit mining	25		Regardless of age
Leading professions in underground and open pit mining	20
On the ships of the marine fleet of the fishing industry	25	20
In the flight crew of civil aviation (when leaving work for health reasons)	25(20)	20(15)
Lifeguards in professional emergency services	15		40 or whatever age
In the fire department	25		50
	25		Regardless of age
Health workers in rural areas and urban-type settlements	25
Doctors in cities	30
Creative activity on the stage in theatrical and entertainment organizations or theaters	15–30		50–55 or whatever age

Note! For registration of payments, the applicant is obliged to document the presence of special and / or general experience.

This type of early security is paid to the pre-pensioner until the moment of employment or retirement due to old age.

Details about the registration of early retirement for the unemployed in the video:

Early retirement for the disabled

Early retirement of disabled people is provided only for a few categories in the presence of seniority.

Table 6. Conditions for assigning payments to disabled people

Also, parents and guardians of a disabled person from childhood have the right to issue pension insurance coverage ahead of time if they raised a disabled person before reaching the age of 8. For them, the age limit is 50/55 years with a 15/20 year term of employment.

Important! For every 1.5 years of guardianship, the vacation period is reduced by 1 year, but cannot exceed 5 years in total.

Pension provision for mothers with many children

According to Art. 32 of the Federal Law No. 400 in the last edition of 2018, insurance payments ahead of schedule are due to women who have given birth and raised 5 or more children. The main condition is the upbringing of children up to 8 years of age and the presence of insurance experience of 15 years. Subject to these conditions, a woman has the right to issue payments from the age of fifty.

But in connection with the pension reform, this period will be systematically increased. In his speech on the softening of the reform, the head of state announced new rules for mothers of large families. All women with many children received the benefit. At the same time, the terms were reduced:

for 3 years - for mothers of 3 children;
for 4 years - for women who raised 4 children;
for 5 years - for mothers who have 5 or more children.

However, this reduction will be calculated taking into account the new age limits. That is, after 2028, when the retirement age of women reaches 60, mothers with many children who have raised more than 5 children will be able to apply for labor support at the age of 55.

Education: Higher economics, specialization - management in the industrial sector (Kramatorsk Institute of Economics and Humanities).
September 11, 2018 .

Monthly receipt of funds for own maintenance is issued upon reaching a certain age and completing the length of service. However, there are some exceptions; in particular, the right to early retirement. What categories of citizens have the opportunity to receive early cash payments? How to retire early? All these questions will be answered in detail in the article.

general characteristics

Unfortunately, not all citizens have sufficient legal culture. That is why many workers are not aware of some of the nuances of the current legislation governing the right to early retirement. All benefits, rights, surcharges and many other important legal elements are enshrined, first of all, in the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. But in addition to it, it is also worth highlighting a large number of government decrees and regulations (in particular, the Federal Law on the assessment of labor conditions). All the presented normative acts regulate the following concept.

Early retirement (Article 27 of the Federal Russian Federation ") is a direct connection with the professional activity of a particular person, carried out under specific production conditions or stipulated by certain social norms.

Thus, a person who carries out his labor activity in production with unusual working conditions has the right not only to various kinds of benefits, but also to early payments. At the same time, the profession must be really "harmful": a complete list of heavy jobs was approved by the Council of Ministers of the USSR, but has not changed to this day. Who retires early? This will be discussed further.

Early retirement pension: who is eligible?

Early retirement is the option of receiving monthly payments, in which the onset of the allowed age will take place in no more than 2 years. Persons who are in the Russian employment center as unemployed, as well as those who have the relevant work experience (20 years for females and 25 years for males) can apply for such a pension. Accordingly, early retirement in the Russian Federation is issued only to those persons who meet the above criteria.

The presence of harmful or difficult working conditions in labor activity invariably entails the possibility of receiving an early pension. Harmful working conditions are considered to be physical or psychological stress, and more recently, work in the Far North. Russian legislation enshrines the possibility of obtaining the so-called reduced work experience. It is thanks to him that it will be possible to receive early pension payments.

Separately, it is worth noting that the worker has some serious illnesses. If the continuation of work activity is impossible for health reasons, then early retirement can be issued only if a special medical certificate is submitted to the employment center.

List of harmful professions

If an employee carries out his labor activity at work with harmful features of work, then the possibility of early retirement increases significantly. What kind of professions fall under the category of "harmful"? Since Soviet times, a classification has been preserved that allows you to accurately determine the severity of labor. So, there are four levels of professional activity:

The issuance of each such degree is possible only if attention is paid to the following points:

increased dust content in the air, the presence of dirt;
low-quality lighting;
loud noises;
harmful radiation;
work with harmful microorganisms, viruses, bacteria, chemicals, etc.;
increased vibrations;
high level of humidity;
too low or too high air temperature;
the duration of stress in work activities and much more.

From all the presented criteria comes another classification: list 1 - these are professions with a critical degree of harmfulness, and list 2 - certain types of difficult professions and positions. Both of these lists can be easily found on the official website of the Ministry of Labor.

Categories of citizens

Federal Law of the Russian Federation No. 400 contains more than 20 clauses, which indicate both the conditions for early retirement and some professions, working in which you can qualify for early retirement. What exactly is worth highlighting here? Here are some specialties specified in the law:

railroad workers;
search engines and geologists;
miners;
public transport drivers;
employees of river and sea vessels;
aviation workers;
rescue workers;
persons working underground (miners, metro workers, etc.);
workers in the field of execution of sentences (prison workers);
teachers;
public health professionals;
theatrical figures and some other workers.

Among other things, there are also special categories of citizens:

(bringing up more than five children);
visually impaired;
persons injured as a result of hostilities;
dwarfs and midgets;
workers of the Far North.

All of the above persons can be issued an early pension. At what age is retirement possible? This will be discussed further.

Conditions for applying for early retirement

How to apply for early To begin with, you should pay attention to the following conditions:

If the relevant conditions are met, it is worth paying attention to the contents of the so-called lists 1 and 2, which were mentioned above. Thus, a woman belonging to the list of list 1 is entitled to a pension upon reaching the age of 53, with a total working experience of 15 years. The duration of work in hazardous production should not be less than seven years. In accordance with list 2, a woman can apply for a pension from the age of 45. The length of service must not be less than 20 years.

And what do the lists say about male workers? In accordance with list 1, a man who has reached the age of 50 can apply for a pension for the accumulation of service of 20 years. Schedule 2 sets the minimum age for a worker at 55 and 25 years of work experience (12 under harmful conditions).

Thus, it can be issued by far not by all persons, but only by those that meet the above criteria.

Early retirement in the Russian Federation: the procedure for registration

What steps need to be taken to apply for early retirement benefits? To get started, you should contact the local Employment Center with the appropriate application. They will give you a document to fill out. The organ will definitely help to draw up paper with high quality. Within a month, the Employment Center will provide the citizen with an answer - with the consent to carry out further work or with a justified refusal.

What must be submitted to the Employment Center in addition to the application? As a rule, these should be the following documents:

passport and its photocopy;
military ID;
birth certificate of the child (if the employee has children);
original and copy of the work book.

Also, the Employment Center may request the following papers:

certificate of dependents;
address statement (about the place of residence);
disability certificate;
certificate of upbringing of a child under eight years of age;
document on the composition of the family;
certificate or certificate of guardianship.

The body may also request many other references - for example, individual documents from work. It is very important to correctly and correctly draw up all the papers, check the presence of seals and signatures.

Citizen's rights

The question of how to retire early is regulated by many Russian federal laws. What rights does a citizen who is about to retire early have?

A citizen is able to demand from his employer all the necessary documentation necessary for transfer to the employment center or the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation. Moreover, the employer of the enterprise must confirm the preferential length of service of the worker. If the employer for some reason does not do this, then such a task is assigned to the appropriate state body.

As soon as an employee receives an insurance pension certificate, all information about his "movements" will be taken into account by the Russian Pension Fund.

It is also worth giving the classic formula for calculating early retirement:

SP = PC*S*C+FV*C

PV - basic payment;
C - the cost of one coefficient at the time of registration of the pension;
PC is the total amount of pension type coefficients earned;
K - increasing indices to PV.

All persons who correctly completed the necessary paperwork at the Employment Center and the Pension Fund have the right to early appointment of a labor pension.

Reductions or liquidation of the enterprise

It is far from rare that an employee of pre-retirement age suddenly loses his job. The reason for dismissal can be in the organization, the elimination of jobs and much more. Naturally, practically no organization expresses a desire to hire a person who has very little time left before retirement. The situation, I must say, is very uncomfortable, and often completely hopeless. Still, a citizen wants to "finish off" his seniority, but there are no opportunities for this. What to do in such situations? Here it is just worth asking yourself the question of how to retire early. The first thing to do is to compare your indicators with those necessary for premature payments, compare past working conditions with the necessary "harmfulness". At what age do they retire early? As already mentioned, men should not be less than 58 years old, and women - less than 53 years old. The following conditions must also be met:

dismissal from work was built only due to a reduction in staff or the elimination of the workplace (one's own desire and medical indicators are not taken into account);
the presence of a certain length of service (25 years for men and 20 years for women);
the citizen is in the employment service;
there are no suitable vacancies on the labor exchange.

If citizens have faults that led to the termination of social payments, then one should not expect an early pension.

Can they refuse?

Quite often, the Employment Center or the Pension Fund of Russia refuses citizens to apply for an early pension. As a result, applicants have to apply to the courts, and resolve cases already there. Naturally, such examples illustrate the unsatisfactory level of state protection of citizens' rights to receive pensions. And yet it is worth giving the main reasons for refusing early retirement. Here you need to highlight:

What should be done if a refusal was received in the named instances? How to retire early no matter what? There is only one way out - to contact higher authorities. A complaint is filed in the same Pension Fund; all necessary documents must be attached to it. The complaint will be considered within a month. If the refusal comes again, then there will be only one way out: to apply to the courts of general jurisdiction. You will need to draw up an appeal against the refusal.

Features of a pension

For both employed and unemployed citizens, some features of the registration of pensions are provided. A working citizen should remember the following:

the employer is obliged to pay severance pay for a two-month period;
payments from a previous job will stop if a citizen registers as unemployed.

Unemployed citizens should remember that full length of service makes it possible to receive subsidies. At the same time, each year worked on top of the total length of service entitles you to an extension of state support for two weeks. If a citizen becomes an individual entrepreneur or a legal entity, then the receipt of early pensions is terminated until this status is closed.

According to the current legislation, men retire at the age of 60, women - at 55. However, there are also cases when, subject to strictly regulated conditions, you can start receiving a pension several years ahead of schedule. We will analyze some common situations, such as early retirement, early retirement with a reduction, and others.

Categories of persons applying for early retirement

Many people are concerned about the question, is it possible to retire early? This is possible, but only if assigned to at least one of the following categories, which are entitled to a preferential pension:

Women with at least 5 children are eligible to apply for a pension from the age of 50. It is necessary to fulfill 2 important conditions: the duration of the insurance period is not less than 15 years and the upbringing of each child is not less than 8 years.
Men from 55 and women from 50 can apply for early retirement if they are the parents of a disabled child since childhood. This right is granted only to the mother or father of one unhealthy child. A prerequisite: the length of the insurance period is at least 20 years for men and 15 years for women. For the appointment of an early pension, it is necessary that the child being brought up has reached at least 8 years of age - the age when skills for self-service appear. This rule also applies to guardians raising children with disabilities. At the same time, every 1.5 years of raising a disabled child is counted as 1 year of reducing the retirement age, but in total up to 5 years. Such relief for these categories of people is associated with significant financial costs and increased emotional stress experienced in the upbringing of sick children.
Unemployed citizens who do not have the opportunity to find a job after the reduction or liquidation of the enterprise. Early retirement on downsizing is usually offered by the employment service. It requires the consent of the employee himself and the simultaneous fulfillment of the following requirements:
- reaching a specific age: women 53 years old, men 57 years old;
- official recognition of a citizen as unemployed;
- the development of a full length of service, allowing you to retire in old age;
- the impossibility of providing a suitable place of work by the employment service;
- the reason for dismissal is not related to the professional skills of the employee (liquidation of the organization, reduction in staff or the total number of employees).
Visually handicapped. This applies to disabled people of only group I. Women retire on this basis at 40 years old, men - at 50 years old, if they have worked out 10 and 15 years of service by that time, respectively.
Men who have worked for at least 25 years, and women for 20 years, who subsequently became disabled due to military injuries.
Persons who, due to rare diseases, are dwarfs or midgets and have work experience: women - 15 years, and men - 20 years. They retire at the age of 40 and 45, respectively.
Persons who at least for some time lived and worked in the Far North.
57-year-old men and 53-year-old women who have insurance experience of 25 and 20 years, respectively, and can confirm the following types of work:

textile production with increased severity;
work with very difficult working conditions;
underground works;
pedagogical activity;
medical activity.

Documents for early retirement

To apply for and start receiving a preferential pension, you must submit the following documents:

passport with a photocopy of all its pages;
work book;
military ID (if necessary, military service);
certificates of average monthly wages for the past 5 years of work.

Depending on the circumstances for which early retirement is assigned, additional documents are submitted:

about disability;
confirming the disability of a family member and his being dependent;
evidence of sufficient insurance experience for retirement;
about the place of residence and work in the Russian Federation or abroad;
about changing the surname;
on confirmation of visual disability or on the presence of serious illnesses;
about the birth of a child and his upbringing up to 8 years;
on attribution to the peoples of the North or confirming activity in the Far North.

How to retire early?

Registration of a preferential pension is regulated by Article 32 of the Law of Russia "On Employment of the Population". The decision is made by the employees of the employment service. Each specific case is considered on an individual basis. If a person has the right to apply for early retirement, he/she must:

Prepare and submit an application to the employment service.
Get an offer and referral for a preferential pension.
These documents, together with a certificate of the periods of work included in the length of service, should be sent to the body involved in pension provision.
The pension fund decides whether it is expedient to appoint an early pension and notifies the employment service of this.

When deciding on the appointment of an early pension, this person is deprived of the opportunity to receive unemployment benefits. The pension fund assumes the obligation to reimburse the costs associated with the preferential payment of pensions. If during this time a citizen manages to officially find a job, then early old-age pension is not paid, and upon entering the retirement age, payments are resumed.

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Are you eligible for early retirement? Who is entitled to it? Did you know that the minimum age for granting an early old-age pension is 33 years?

This is provided that you got a job, for example, immediately upon reaching the age of majority and have worked in the relevant profession for at least 15 years. And if you go on a well-deserved rest for health reasons, then a preferential pension (labor pension or, as they are now called, insurance) can be assigned even earlier.

Early retirement

In total, there are 22 professional categories that give the right to early appointment of an old-age insurance pension, but subject to the necessary length of service in the relevant types of work. For example, if you are a tractor driver, then you need to work on a tractor for 15 years. In addition, the benefit pension is granted under certain social conditions.

old age insurance

An old-age insurance pension in Russia can be assigned earlier than the generally established retirement age (55 years for women, 60 years for men). Certain categories of citizens have this right.

Of the 22 preferential occupational categories, 12 offer a five-year discount when men retire at 55 and women at 50. This includes, first of all, work with difficult working conditions. The list of these works was approved by the Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers of the USSR of January 26, 1991 No. 10 - the full name is “List No. 2 of industries, jobs, professions, positions and indicators with harmful and difficult working conditions, employment in which gives the right to an old-age pension ) on preferential terms. Sometimes it (as well as List No. 1, which is discussed below) is adjusted based on decisions of the Ministry of Labor or the Supreme Court. However, for the most part, it remains unchanged, and for 25 years now it has been used to determine who in Russia is entitled to an early old-age pension.

Two more types of labor activity allow only women to retire at 50. The first type of work is tractor drivers in the countryside or in other sectors of the economy, as well as drivers of construction, road and loading and unloading machines. The second is employment in the textile industry at work with increased intensity and severity. Drivers of buses, trolleybuses, trams, both men and women, who work on regular urban passenger routes, can also retire five years earlier.

12 occupational categories that give men the right to retire at 55 and women at 50

Types of jobs	Retirement age	Required insurance experience
Works with difficult working conditions (List No. 2)	Men - 55 years, Women - 50 years		Men - at least 12 years 6 months. Women - at least 10 years
Work as tractor drivers in agriculture, other sectors of the economy, as well as construction, road and material handling machines	Women - 50 years	Women - 20 years	Women - at least 15 years old
Work in the textile industry at work with increased intensity and severity	Women - 50 years	Not required	Women - at least 20 years old.
Work as workers, foremen (including senior ones) directly at logging and timber rafting, including maintenance of mechanisms and equipment
Work as working locomotive crews and employees of certain categories, directly organizing transportation and ensuring traffic safety in railway transport and in the subway. As well as work as a driver of trucks directly in the technological process in mines, cuts, mines or ore quarries for the export of coal, shale, ore, rocks	Men - 55 years. Women - 50 years		Men at least 12 years 6 months. Women - at least 10 years
Work as machine operators (docker-machine operators) of integrated teams in loading and unloading operations in ports	Men - 55 years. Women - 50 years	Men - 25 years. Women - 20 years
Work as a seafarer on ships of the sea, river fleet and fishing industry fleet (with the exception of port ships permanently operating in the port waters, auxiliary and crew vessels, suburban and intracity ships)	Men - 55 years. Women - 50 years	Men - 25 years. Women - 20 years	At least 12 years 6 months. Women - at least 10 years
Work as a driver of buses, trolleybuses, trams on regular urban passenger routes	Men - 55 years. Women - 50 years	Men - 25 years. women - 20 years	Men at least 20 years old. Women - at least 15 years old
Work in expeditions, parties, detachments, on sites and in brigades directly on field geological exploration, prospecting, topographic and geodetic, geophysical, hydrographic, hydrological, forest management and survey work	Men - 55 years. Women - 50 years	Men - 25 years. Women - 20 years	Men at least 12 years 6 months. Women - at least 10 years
Work related to the direct flight control of civil aviation aircraft	Men - 55 years. Women - 50 years	Men - 25 years. women - 20 years	Men at least 12 years 6 months. Women - at least 10 years
Employment in the engineering and technical staff at work on the direct maintenance of civil aviation aircraft	Men - 55 years. Women - 50 years	Men - 25 years in civil aviation. Women - 20 years in civil aviation	Men at least 20 years old. Women - at least 15 years old
Work with convicts as workers and employees of institutions executing criminal sentences in the form of deprivation of liberty	Men - 55 years. Women - 50 years	Men - 25 years. Women - 20 years	Men at least 15 years old. Women - at least 10 years

Seniority

The same Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers of the USSR dated January 26, 1991 No. 10 approved a list of jobs with especially difficult working conditions - “List No. 1 of industries, jobs, professions, positions and indicators in underground work, in jobs with especially harmful and especially difficult working conditions, employment in which gives the right to an old-age pension on preferential terms.
The list includes professions that give the right to early retirement 10 years earlier than the generally established retirement age: for men at 50 years old, for women at 45 years old. At the same time, men must have a general insurance (labor) experience - at least 20 years, of which experience in the relevant types of work with especially difficult conditions - at least 10 years; for women, the mandatory total length of service is 15 years, of which 7 years 6 months are especially difficult working conditions. What is this work? Construction of mines, mines, cuts; extraction of natural resources containing harmful substances of hazard class 1–3; control of the production of ferrous metals in hot areas and the like.

Only one type of work not included in this list makes it possible to retire 10 years earlier for men (for women - 5 years earlier) - this is work in the state fire service. Moreover, there are no requirements for the general length of service here, only work experience in the fire service is required - at least 25 years for men and women.

And there are eight types of jobs that allow you to retire even earlier than 10 years. This is due to the fact that these professions do not have requirements for either the retirement age or the mandatory length of service - only length of service in the relevant specialty is needed. Thus, for professional emergency rescuers, men and women, at least 15 years of experience in the relevant types of work is sufficient for retirement. If you got a job in the rescue service at the age of 18, then at the age of 33 you can apply for early retirement.

In such preferences in the civil service, only Russians who carry out creative activities on stage in theaters or in theater and entertainment organizations (although not all) can be compared with rescuers. Regardless of age, they can become retired early if they have the necessary length of service in the relevant types of work - at least 15–30 years, depending on the nature of their creative activity. Whatever the nature of the artist's activity, but if with his play he makes the viewer experience catharsis every time, then he has every right to become not only an honored artist, but also an honored pensioner at any age he wishes.

8 professional categories giving the right to retire regardless of age

Types of jobs	Retirement age	Required insurance experience	Required experience in relevant jobs
		Not required
Full-time employment in underground and open pit mining (including personnel of mine rescue units) in the extraction of coal, shale, ore and other minerals and in the construction of mines and mines	Men and women - regardless of age	Not required	Men and women - at least 20 years
Employment on ships of the marine fleet of the fishing industry in the extraction, processing of fish and seafood, the receipt of finished products in the fishery (regardless of the nature of the work performed), as well as on certain types of ships of the sea, river fleet and the fleet of the fishing industry	Men and women - regardless of age	Not required	Men - at least 25 years old. Women - at least 20 years old
Work in the flight crew of civil aviation	Men and women - regardless of age	Not required	Men - at least 25 years old. Women - at least 20 years old. When leaving flight work for health reasons: men - at least 20 years, women - at least 15 years
Work as rescuers in professional emergency rescue services, professional emergency rescue units of the Federal Executive Authority, performing the functions of developing and implementing state policy, legal regulation in the field of civil defense, protecting the population and territories from natural and man-made emergencies , and participated in the liquidation of emergency situations	Men and women - 40 years or regardless of age, provided that there is the necessary experience in the relevant types of work	Not required	Men and women - at least 15 years
Implementation of pedagogical activities in institutions for children	Men and women - regardless of age	Not required	Men and women - at least 25 years old
Implementation of medical and other activities for the protection of public health in healthcare institutions	Men and women - regardless of age	Not required	Men and women - at least 25 years in rural areas and urban-type settlements, or at least 30 years in cities, rural areas and urban-type settlements, or only in cities
Carrying out creative activities on stage in theaters or theater and entertainment organizations	Men - 55 years. Women - 50 years. Or regardless of age, provided that there is the necessary experience in the relevant types of work	Not required	Men and women - at least 15-30 years old (depending on the nature of creative activity)

Preferential pension

In addition to professional categories, the right to early retirement may be granted to citizens under certain social conditions. This benefit is provided for 10 categories of citizens.
1. Guardians of people with disabilities since childhood or persons who have been guardians of people with disabilities since childhood, who raised them up to the age of 8. Retirement Age: Decrease the general retirement age (60 for men, 55 for women) by one year for every one year and six months of guardianship, up to a maximum of five years in total. Required work experience: men - at least 20 years, women - at least 15 years.

2. Women who have given birth to 5 or more children and raised them up to the age of 8 years. Retirement age: 50 years. Required work experience: at least 15 years.

3. One of the parents of disabled children who raised them up to the age of 8 years. Retirement age: men - 55 years, women - 50 years. Required work experience: men - at least 20 years, women - at least 15 years.

4. Women who have given birth to two or more children and have worked for at least 12 years in the regions of the Far North or at least 17 years in equivalent areas. Retirement age: 50 years. Required work experience: at least 20 years.

5. Citizens who became disabled due to military trauma. Retirement age: men - 55 years, women - 50 years. Required work experience: men - at least 25 years, women - at least 20 years.

6. Visually impaired people with group I disability. Retirement age: men - 50 years, women - 40 years. Required work experience: men - at least 25 years, women - at least 20 years.

7. Citizens suffering from pituitary dwarfism (Lilliputians), and disproportionate dwarfs. Retirement age: men - 45 years, women - 40 years. Required work experience: men - at least 20 years, women - at least 15 years.

8. Citizens who have worked in the regions of the Far North for at least 15 years or at least 20 years in equivalent areas. When working in the areas of the Far North and areas equated to them, each calendar year of work in areas equated to areas of the Far North is considered nine months of work in areas of the Far North. Retirement age: men - 55 years, women - 50 years. Required work experience: men - at least 25 years, women - at least 20 years.

9. Citizens who have worked in the regions of the Far North for at least 7 calendar years 6 months. When working in areas equated to areas of the Far North, as well as in areas of the Far North, each calendar year of work in areas equated to areas of the Far North is counted as nine months of work in areas of the Far North. Retirement age: the insurance pension is assigned with a decrease in the generally established retirement age (60 years for men, 55 years for women) by 4 months for each full calendar year of work in these areas. Required work experience: men - at least 25 years, women - at least 20 years.

10. Citizens permanently residing in the regions of the Far North and equivalent areas and who have worked as reindeer herders, fishermen, hunters. Retirement age: men - 50 years, women - 45 years. Required work experience: men - at least 25 years, women - at least 20 years as reindeer herders, fishermen, hunters.

By the way

When determining the right to an insurance pension in the "northern" regions, the List of regions of the Far North and equivalent localities is used, which was used when assigning a state old-age pension in connection with work in the Far North as of December 31, 2001.

For those who have worked for at least 15 years in the regions of the Far North or at least 20 years in areas equivalent to them and have the necessary length of service for an old-age pension, the age established for early assignment of an insurance pension is reduced by five years. Thus, the legislation for such citizens provides for a "double" reduction in the age for the appointment of the specified pension. For example, if you have the necessary insurance experience and length of service in the relevant types of work, work experience in the regions of the Far North for at least 15 years or in areas equivalent to them for at least 20 years, an early old-age pension can be assigned:

- in connection with employment in underground work, work with harmful working conditions and in hot shops - upon reaching 45 years for men, 40 years for women (if they have been involved in these jobs for at least 10 years and 7 years 6 months, respectively, and have insurance experience of at least 20 and 15 years, respectively);

- in connection with work in difficult working conditions - upon reaching the age of 50 for men, 45 years for women (if they have been employed in these jobs for at least 12 years, 6 months and 10 years, respectively, and have an insurance record of at least 25 and 20 years, respectively).

According to the materials of the Pension Fund of Russia.