What does the embryo look like after graduation. Intrauterine development of the baby by day from conception

01.09.2019

The development of an embryo is a long, complex and interesting process. After all, after the fusion of a tiny egg and sperm, a new person will be born in just 9 months. In its development, the unborn child will go through several stages, and the so-called critical periods of the development of the embryo, and will successively be called either an embryo, then a fetus, until the moment of birth.

Development stages of the embryo

The development of a human embryo begins from the moment of conception, the fusion of a sperm and an egg with the formation of a zygote, which will pass several divisions in three days. On the fourth day, it looks like a raspberry berry in shape, and consists of 58 cells. Of these cells, 5 will be needed for the formation of the future placenta, chorion and umbilical cord, the remaining 53 will ensure the further development of the fetus.

From the 7th to the 14th day from the moment of conception, expectant mothers should be especially careful - this is the first critical period of pregnancy: the moment of implantation of the embryo into the uterine wall. The embryo may not be implanted for many reasons, including:

exposure to toxic substances;
intense physical activity;
mechanical impact;
deep bedding of blood vessels;
pathology of the structure and tone of the uterus.

In case of successful implantation, the embryo is anchored in the wall of the uterus next to the superficial vessels that will provide nutrition and development.

From 13 to 18 days, the fetus is surrounded by the mucous membrane of the uterine wall, and is in close contact with the myometrium. In this case, the shell of the embryo forms chorionic villi, which will become the basis of the ovum, chorion and future umbilical cord. At this moment, active cell division begins, the formation of a primitive circulatory system, an amniotic fluid is formed.

From 18-21 days, when the heart of the embryo begins to beat, the viability of the unborn child is determined by ultrasound. This is done in order to diagnose a frozen pregnancy, which sometimes happens in the early stages of embryo development and is combined with the absence of heart contractions.

The first month of pregnancy is coming to an end (months and weeks in obstetrics are counted from the last menstruation, and days from conception).

Begins 5-8 weeks, the second month of pregnancy. It is also considered critical, since the laying of all organs and systems takes place. It is during this period that one of the main provisional organs is formed - the umbilical cord, which consists of a plexus of arteries and veins, and provides nutrition and metabolic processes of the embryo, while, which is formed a week later, prevents the mixing of the mother's and child's blood, simultaneously performing the hematopoietic function ...

On the 20-22 day from the moment of conception, the rudiments of the brain and spinal cord, intestines are formed, then after 4 days the rudiments of the sensory organs are formed - eyes, ears, nose, mouth, the tail is clearly visible. From the second month of development, the embryo is already called the fetus. In this period, the CTE (coccygeal-parietal size) of the embryo is 5-8 mm. The head is at right angles to the body, the limbs develop, the heart is formed.

At 6 weeks, the CTE of the embryo increases to 15 mm, the tail is bent towards the body. Starting from 7-8 weeks - teeth, musculoskeletal system of the embryo are formed. Bones are translucent, very thin, are translucent through transparent skin, and are composed of cartilaginous tissue. The upper and lower limbs are gradually formed. The formation of the intestinal tube ends, the cloaca is divided into two sections. At the end of the second month, the embryo has formed the rudiments of all sensory organs, the intestinal tube, the brain and spinal cord, the heart, and part of the vessels.

The embryo takes on a human face, the tail disappears, and the limbs are formed. This is followed by another critical period, since all newly formed organs are very vulnerable to any toxic substances. But the fetus is no longer called an embryo. This means that we have described the process of embryo development in full.

During this period, an organism arises from the fertilized egg, which has primitive primitives of various systems and organs. Intrauterine development is divided into pre-fetal and fetal stages. The border between them is the end of the second month of the embryo's life, when it turns into a fetus.

The beginning of time

Fetal development begins not from the embryonic period, but even earlier, because the embryo develops from a fertilized egg, and the fertilization of an egg is preceded by a long development of germ cells.

The pre-embryonic period includes the maturation of the germ cells and fertilization.

If in the testes of men a constant renewal of sex cells occurs on average every 2 months, then in the ovaries of women there is no renewal. After the birth of a girl, there are only about 400 thousand cells in her ovaries - the precursors of eggs, which are given to her for life. In each menstrual cycle, one, less often two, eggs emerge from the ovary. This process is called ovulation. After leaving the ovary, the egg enters the fallopian tube, where fertilization takes place - the fusion of the female and male germ cells.

This fusion leads to the formation of a qualitatively new cell - a zygote. The zygote moves along the fallopian tube into the uterine cavity (this period lasts 7-8 days). When the zygote reaches the uterus, implantation begins - the introduction of the zygote into the wall of the uterus. The implantation process takes 3 days.

In the pre-fetal period, there is an intensive anatomical formation of the rudiments of the organs that arose during the formation of the embryo, and new bookmarks appear: the stomach and the rest of the digestive tract are allocated, the intestinal anlage is divided into sections, the muscles are divided, the skeleton is formed. In the second half of the pre-fetal period, the facial parts and the neck are formed, the circulatory system and sensory organs develop, the structure of the brain becomes more complicated, and large digestive glands - the liver and pancreas - are released. By the end of the second month, the rudiments of all organs are formed and take their permanent position.

During the fetal period, growth and functional maturation of the organs and tissues of the fetus occur, i.e. starting from this period, the organs of the fetus acquire the ability to function.

Second month. In the embryo (its length is 4 - 5 mm), the buds of the extremities become noticeable. By the end of the second month, the length of the embryo increases from 5 mm (on the 5th pedal) to 25 - 30 mm. On the hands and feet there are fingers that are already able to move; but these movements are not yet felt by the mother. The rather long tail gradually turns into a small tubercle. The neck is forming. The brain stops showing through the skin. The rudiments of the organs are felt from the protrusions and depressions of the brain, while the eyes are almost fully formed. The size of the head is very large (it is about half the length of the entire embryo). A permanent relationship is established between the main structures of the face, with the exception of the auricles, which are very low. The fetus's body begins to function: the brain sends impulses that coordinate the functions of other organs, the heart beats, the stomach secretes gastric juice, the liver produces blood cells. The rapid growth of the intestine, which began at 6-7 weeks, leads to the fact that part of the intestinal loops ceases to fit in the small abdominal cavity of the embryo and goes beyond it. There is a so-called physiological umbilical hernia, which reaches full development by the end of the second month, and completely disappears by the 10th week. At the end of the second month (8 weeks), the fetal body is formed, there are rudiments of the limbs, the rudiments of the eyes, nose, mouth are visible on the head, the formation of the genitals begins.

Third month. The total length of the fetus, including legs, is 7 cm, weight - 20 g. During the third month, the fetus grows rapidly and almost doubles its length. The head still remains relatively large and by the end of the month is about 1/3 of the parietococcygeal length. The facial part is very small in comparison with the medullary part of the skull. There is a rapid growth of the eyelids, the edges of which grow together at 9-10 weeks of embryonic development. The eyes do not open until the seventh month of pregnancy. The first rudiments of hair appear (on the eyebrows, upper and lower lips, on the forehead). The limbs make movements, the fingers and toes are visible, the first points of ossification appear in the cartilaginous rudiment of the skeleton. The rudiments of nails are formed on the fingers and toes. The fruit already knows how to grimace. Special studies have found that fetal facial expressions reflect changing his mom's face when laughing or crying. Hands grow so much that the fetus can touch the head with its fingers, knows how to clench its fists. At the beginning of the third month, the genitourinary and anal openings appear. By the structure of the external genital organs, you can already determine the sex of the fetus. By the end of the third month, the skin begins to lose the transparency inherent in it in the first two months of intrauterine life.

Fourth month. The total length of the fetus, including legs, is 15-18 cm, weight - 120 g. The head begins to lag somewhat behind in growth. Fluffy hair appears on the body. The arms and legs are approximately the same length. The face is formed, the skull is ossified, basically the formation of the muscular system ends, the movements of the limbs become more active, but they are not yet perceived by the mother, the sex of the fetus is clearly distinguished. The fetus moves a lot, can suck on its own thumb. The skin has several layers. The functions of various body systems are becoming more complex. Using electron microscopy, it was found that the structure of nerve cells in the brain of a fetus of this age is almost the same as in newborns. It is already well possible to listen to the fetal heartbeat through the abdominal wall of a pregnant woman, the frequency of which reaches 120-150 beats per minute. By the end of the fourth month, an increase in the abdomen in a pregnant woman is already becoming noticeable.

Fifth month.(The total length of the fetus, including legs, is 22 cm, weight - 300 g). There is a faster growth of the body, and by the end of the fifth month of intrauterine development, the head is no more than 1/3 of the total body length. The skin is dark red in color. A subcutaneous fat layer begins to form. The skin is covered with vellus hair. The sebaceous glands begin to secrete a fatty substance, which mixes with the scales of the epidermis and forms a cheese-like lubricant. This lubricant protects the fetus from constant exposure to amniotic fluid, and then facilitates its passage through the birth canal. Meconium is formed in the intestines. The lower limbs are noticeably lengthened. The fetus can be born alive, makes breathing movements, but at this stage of pregnancy, it is usually not viable.

In the amniotic fluid, he is no longer so free, and his motor activity increases. In the 3rd week of the fifth month, a woman who is pregnant for the first time begins to feel these movements. Re-pregnant women notice them 10 days earlier. At first, the movements are very weak - women may confuse them with bowel contractions. Later, the movements of the fetus become more and more intense, and they can no longer be confused with anything. The first registration of fetal movements by the mother is an important sign that allows you to calculate the date of the upcoming birth.

Sixth month. The total length of the fetus, including legs, is 30 cm, weight - 800 g. The skin of the fetus becomes wrinkled, apparently due to a discrepancy between the growth rate of the fetus itself and its skin. Eyebrows and eyelashes become visible. Skin patterns form on the fingertips. Everyone has their own drawing - unique and inimitable. During this period, the formation of cells of the cerebral cortex is mainly completed. Their loss under the influence of any damaging factors is not replenished. Throughout his life, a person lives with the number of cells that formed the cerebral cortex by this time. Fetal movements become more differentiated. Observing the fetus using ultrasound, German scientists have learned from the position of the hands to determine whether the fetus is awake or asleep. The organs and systems of the fetus continue to develop, master new functions, but are still not perfect enough and are not able to support the life of the fetus outside the womb.

Seventh and eighth months. The total length of the fetus, including legs, is 35-40 cm, weight - 1200-1700 g. The subcutaneous fat layer increases, and the skin becomes denser and smoother. In the seventh month of pregnancy, the baby's eyelids open. He knows how to open and close his eyes. By this time, his entire body is covered with delicate vellus hairs. In recent weeks, weight gain is mainly due to the subcutaneous fat, which ensures the maintenance of a stable body temperature after childbirth. All the most important systems of the body are sufficiently developed and can, albeit with great difficulty, with special care, support the vital functions of the baby outside the mother's body.

By about seven and a half months, the fetus can be born and survive. Babies born during the third trimester (from the seventh month to the end of pregnancy) are usually able to survive, although as the due date approaches, both the chance of survival and the ease of transition to independent existence increase significantly. Towards the end of pregnancy, antibodies from the mother cross the placenta to the fetus, creating a short-term resistance to diseases to which you are immune. Premature babies receive less of this protection than term babies and are therefore more susceptible to infections.

Ninth month. The total length of the fetus, including the legs, is 45 cm. Due to the strong deposition of fat in the subcutaneous adipose tissue, the shape of its body becomes more rounded. The fingernails reach down to the fingertips. The hair on the head becomes thicker and longer. The fetus born at this time is viable, screams loudly, opens its eyes, and a sucking reflex is expressed.

In the eighth - tenth months the growth rate of the fetus decreases. It is already so large that it is cramped in the amniotic fluid. In this situation, the most advantageous position that provides maximum mobility in the funnel-shaped uterus is the upside down position. A normally developing fetus accepts it. The cephalic presentation is most favorable for childbirth. By the end of the ninth month, the fetus's body is so perfect that it is finally ready for extrauterine life. Delicate hairs remain only on the forearms. Their severity and prevalence throughout the body may indirectly indicate an insufficient maturity of the fetus.

Tenth month. The total length of the fetus, including legs, is 50 cm, weight - 3000 g. By the end of the tenth month of pregnancy (38-40 weeks), the signs of prematurity disappear, the fetus is born mature. A discrepancy between maturity and maturity of the fetus is relatively rare. Under unfavorable developmental conditions (mother's illness, malnutrition or malnutrition, etc.), a full-term baby may show signs of immaturity. Sometimes the opposite phenomenon is observed: a child is born a little prematurely, but mature.

In the last month, there is a faster growth of the lower limbs, and the difference in length compared to the upper limbs is smoothed out. However, it is only after birth that the legs become longer than the arms.

Recall that the correctness of the intrauterine development of the baby largely depends on his mother. At the time of the examination, follow all the recommendations and the appointment of a doctor - and the child will be born healthy.

All future parents, of course, are interested in what happens to the baby under the mother's heart, how a little man appears from a tiny cell, who in forty weeks will have to make myo happy with his first cry. The most detailed pregnancy calendar offered on this page will help you get an idea of all the processes that take place during the period of many months of intrauterine development of the embryo.

Pregnancy calendar from the day of conception (from 1 to 5 weeks)

1-3 week

The pregnancy calendar begins from the day of conception, when the fertilization of the egg takes place and its movement along the fallopian tube, as well as implantation in the uterine cavity. Usually during this period, a woman does not feel any changes in the body.

4-5th week

4-5 weeks from conception according to the calendar of pregnancy is characterized by the onset of placenta formation. Intensive division of embryonic cells, the laying of the cardiovascular system. He has a two-chambered heart, which is typical for fish, but this is a temporary phenomenon. By the end of the week, it is already decreasing. The laying of the upper respiratory tract, the neural tube begins.

Homoblasts appear in the embryo - prototypes of sperm or egg cells. The glass of the eye acquires a double wall and becomes covered with a transparent cornea - the eyes are formed. During this period, the adrenal glands, liver, duodenum, pharynx and esophagus are laid, and the formation of the mouth begins. The future stomach descends into the abdominal cavity and becomes overgrown with nerve elements. This is essential for the normal passage of food through the stomach. The laying of the salivary glands also occurs. By the end of the 5th week of the pregnancy calendar, the embryo will show the rudiments of the liver and pancreas.

If this week you could look at an embryo during an ultrasound examination, you would certainly see its head and pelvic ends, back, tummy, spine and even eyes. The length of your baby during this period is 0.5-1.1 cm.

Fetal pregnancy calendar in the early stages from 6 to 10 weeks

6th week

Only one more week had passed, but how much she had brought. From a fish, the baby turned into an amphibian, an atrial septum appeared in the embryo, which divided the heart into three sections, the kidneys and spleen were laid in the form of an accumulation of special cells, the stomach was released from the expansion of the primary intestine, the posterior membrane of the intestine was straightened. According to the pregnancy calendar, already in the early stages, the primary cerebral vesicles are transformed into the main parts of the brain, under them appears the pineal gland, which affects puberty, the normal functioning of the gonads. The rudiments of arms and legs appear, separate parts of the inner ear and larynx are formed. The placenta (baby's place) is developing at a fast pace and a tiny umbilical cord has already appeared. Your baby's length is 1.2-1.6 cm.

7th week

According to the calendar of pregnancy development, at the 7th week, the embryo is already 1.6-2 cm long and weighs 4.5 g. This is due to the rapid development of the brain. But it is still bent, the head end tilted towards the belly, the tail lengthened and bent. Outwardly, he becomes like a small, peacefully sleeping animal.

Gradually, the future facial features of the child begin to appear in the front of the head. The eyes have already appeared, the formation of the lens begins, the formation of the nose, the rudiments of the auricle and the organ of hearing - the ear vesicle. The first occipital and the last 5-7 tip somites will disappear a little later, and the rest will form the axial skeleton. The heart takes on an S-shape. The right and left ventricles are highlighted in it, it contracts, and with the help of ultrasound examination you can hear the heartbeat. The esophagus, trachea, and the anterior abdominal wall develop. There is a process of formation of the small intestine, sternum. The cortical part of the adrenal glands is laid. The brain develops very quickly, it now, like an adult, has grooves and convolutions. The muscles of the whole body are formed. The nose and mouth, lobar bronchi continue to develop. The primary circulatory system begins to function. The "commander-in-chief" in this process is the liver, from which blood cells enter the right or left parts of the heart.
o possibly due to a large foramen ovale in the heart septum. But all this is temporary. With the formation of lymph nodes, immunity begins to form. The kidneys take on their final shape and permanent structures. The rudiments of the parathyroid glands are being formed. Cells with characteristic endocrine properties appear in the pancreas. The lower part of the intestinal tube is divided into two sections, from which the small and large intestines will later be formed. The limbs of the future baby lengthen, thinner, hands and feet appear on them, and you can even see 5 small rays - a prototype of fingers.

8th week

The size of the embryo in accordance with the pregnancy calendar at this time has already increased sufficiently - up to 2.2-2.4 cm, and the weight - up to 23 g.

In him, the upper and lower jaws are formed from the first branchial arch. You can already see the contours of the nose, the forehead develops, the outer contours of the eyes are outlined, which become more noticeable as pigment appears in the cells of the retina. The head of the embryo is tilted towards the heart protrusion, which gradually decreases due to the development of the chest; by the end of the week, the neck and trunk begin to gradually straighten. The volume of the abdominal cavity increases, the hepatic protrusion disappears. The stomach and intestines take their final shape and take their permanent place. A primary intestinal loop is formed. The umbilical cord develops. The central lymphatic organ - the thymus (thymus gland) - is laid, the first follicles appear in the tissue of the thyroid gland. The epidermis becomes more complex, since two layers of cells appear in the skin, the common arterial trunk is divided into the pulmonary artery and the aorta. A second septum appears in the heart, dividing the left and right ventricles. Together with the atrial septum, they create
first valve. From this point on, blood can only move in one direction - from the right atrium to the left. The communication of the heart with large blood vessels improves. A large area is occupied by mesonephros (primary buds), metanephros (secondary buds) begins to develop.

As you can see in the photo of the pregnancy calendar, this week the arms and legs are already well different from each other:

On the handle you can see the cubital fossa and the wrist, and on the hand (like a small child's shoulder blade) - future fingers. On the legs, changes occur much more slowly than on the hands. Bones and even joints are developing very actively. It is during this period that the ossification of the skeleton begins, which will continue after birth for many more years.

If at the 8th week of intrauterine development it is the Y chromosomes that begin to influence the fetus, then its sex glands are formed into the testes, if not, then into the ovaries. In the first case, a boy will be born, in the second, a girl.

9th week

The length of the embryo from crown to tip is 2-3 cm, and the weight is 34 g.

The main feature of this week according to the pregnancy calendar is that the embryo takes on a clearly shaped humanoid appearance: it has a head, torso and limbs. The head has become even larger, which is associated with the intensive development of the brain. Ears begin to grow this week, and although they are still quite low, they will soon take shape and fall into their rightful place. Limbs are being actively formed. The arms and legs are lengthened, the bones are strengthened. On the limbs, the fingers become stronger and longer. On the hands, the fingers are separated by intervals, and on the feet - by grooves. The baby's body grows not only in length, but also in width. The volume of the chest and abdominal cavities increases, which leads to a smoothing of the heart protrusion. In the small intestine, proteolytic enzymes appear that are involved in the breakdown of proteins into amino acids, which are well absorbed. The first sweat glands, located on the palms and soles, appear. The nervous system is actively developing, there are nerve nodes (spinal ganglia) in the intervertebral foramen, the cranial and spinal nerves are clearly visible. By the end of the week, the formation of the cerebellum will begin, it is this part of the brain that is responsible for coordinating movements. The adrenal glands are laid down (adrenaline is produced in it). And one more joyful event - it is from this week that the first spontaneous, still completely invisible to the mother, begin.

10th week

At this period of pregnancy, according to the calendar, the length of the embryo from the crown to the buttocks is from 3.0 to 4.1 cm, and he himself weighs 45 g. This is the last week of the embryonic period of intrauterine development of a person. There are significant changes in body proportions, they clearly take on a human appearance. The head is rounded and raised. She is still very large and is almost half the length of her entire body. The skin is very thin, so the blood vessels of the skull are visible. The neck appears. On the face, you can see the brow ridges and eyelids, which close by the end of the week. The eyes of the embryo are wide open at the beginning of the week. The mouth becomes smaller, and a small tongue is visible inside it. The development of milk teeth began. By the end of the week, the embryo is able to perceive taste. The tail is finally disappearing. The arms and legs are practically the same size, all sections are clearly visible on them, while the arms are bent at the elbow joints, and the legs - at the knee joints. The umbilical cord decreases in diameter. The yolk sac, which previously performed a hematopoietic function, n
gradually dies off. Its remains are later found in the umbilical cord. With the appearance of the placenta, blood circulation, nutrition, and metabolism improve. In the embryo, the relative arrangement of organs changes, so the kidneys rise up and begin to filter out substances harmful to the body from the blood in a very small amount, i.e., to form urine. The differentiation of the internal genital organs begins, this process has already begun in future boys, and the girls are in no hurry. The cerebral cortex is well defined. The bone marrow volume is 16 ml. In the blood, thymus gland, lymphatic follicles, the first lymphocytes appear - white blood cells responsible for immunity. The amount of amniotic fluid inside the fetal bladder is 20 ml. These are quite comfortable conditions for the life and development of the embryo.

From the end of the 10th week of the pregnancy calendar, the embryonic period of human intrauterine development ends, the fetal (fetal) period begins. Now we can call the organism developing in the uterus a fetus.

Accurate pregnancy calendar from 11 to 15 weeks

11th week

The development of the fetus on the calendar of pregnancy at this time continues very quickly. Its length is 7 cm, and its weight is about 50 g. The appearance of the fruit is very unusual, the head is almost half the length of its entire body. The arms look longer than the legs because they develop faster. The development of the fingers and toes continues, and the nails begin to form. This week, the first manifestations of facial expressions are discovered, the facial muscles of the face begin to work: the fetus opens and closes its mouth, wrinkles its forehead, turns its head. The formation of the iris occurs - that part of the eyeball, by which we judge the color of a person's eyes. The pituitary gland, a multifunctional endocrine gland of the brain, located in the so-called Turkish saddle, begins to work in full force.

The thymus, the central immune organ, continues its work - hematopoiesis, the cells it produces (thymocytes) begin to spread throughout the fetus's body.

This week, the first significant lymphatic vessels appear in the area of the roots of the lungs. In the blood vessels, immature blood contains primitive hemoglobin, which is gradually replaced by fetal hemoglobin.

After the 12th week of intrauterine development, new organs in the fetus are no longer formed, and the existing ones continue to grow and develop. This week his first reflexes appear.

12th week

Development is in full swing. The length of the fetus from the crown to the buttocks is 7-8 cm, and the weight is 68 g. All organs are already formed and continue to develop. The development of the fetus according to the pregnancy calendar this week is characterized by the fact that the bone begins to form in the fetus. The fingers and toes are parted, the nails continue to grow. The rudiments of permanent teeth are formed in the gums. The development of the brain continues. The pituitary gland produces many hormones. The fetal liver begins to produce bile, a substance essential for the digestion of dietary fats. In the intestine, periodic contractions appear, which are called peristaltic. It is with their help that food moves through the intestines. The internal genital organs of the fetus are already developing in the female or male pattern. An experienced specialist can determine the sex of the child by ultrasound examination. But take your time, wait until these differences become clearer. The fruit starts to move, but you don't feel it yet. He can squint and wiggle his fingers and toes.

13th week

The exact pregnancy calendar symbolizes the 13th week as the second trimester of pregnancy. One third of the way has been covered. At the end of the previous trimester, the fetal period of development began. It is characterized by the rapid growth of organs and tissues of the child, but a gradual slowdown in the rate of growth of the head. The body begins to grow much faster. And the second feature of this period is that congenital defects, as a rule, are no longer formed. This week, the growth of the fetus reaches 9-10 cm, and the weight is 80 g.

Look at the photo - according to the pregnancy development calendar at the 13th week, the fetus takes on a human appearance, the eyes come closer, the ears are located on the sides of the head:

He has his first hair, delicate vellus, called lanugo, located on the brow ridges, lip and chin. The baby has formed all 20 milk teeth. The intestines fit into the abdominal cavity. In it, villi begin to form, which play an important role in the digestion of food. The pancreas produces insulin.

14th week

The length of the fetus is already 10-11 cm, and the weight is 90 g, the size of the head in diameter is 28 mm, the body continues to round. The active growth of the spine and muscular system continues. Muscle fibers begin to group together and muscles are formed, in which transverse striation predominates. Day by day there are more and more of them. The neck continues to stretch. The pancreas begins to produce more insulin, which is necessary for metabolism and growth. Sex differences are becoming more and more obvious. Movement coordination improves. The fetus begins to learn to breathe, draws in amniotic fluid into the lungs and pushes them back. He knows how to open his mouth and even smile. At the same time, he may emit urine droplets.

15th week

To be precise, according to the pregnancy calendar this week, the length of the fetus is 12-13 cm, weight - 100 g. More and more, it looks like a person. The ears are almost in place, the eyes are in the middle of the face, although they are still widely spaced.

His skin is very thin, blood vessels are visible through it, and it is more reddish in color than pink. The body is covered with vellus hair. The heart pumps about 2-3 liters of blood per day. The fetus periodically empties its bladder and urine enters the amniotic fluid. Amniotic fluid is renewed 8-10 times a day, which helps maintain its sterility with a constant chemical composition: the ratio of water, mineral elements and organic matter. This is the very first habitat of the unborn child. He studies her, exchanges information and chemicals with her.

Baby pregnancy calendar with a description of fetal development from 16 to 20 weeks

16th week

The fetus has grown and recovered, weighs 110-118 g and is working hard on its improvement. A nice fluff has appeared on the head (before you have time to look back, you will braid your braids). The ears are located almost in place, a little closer to the neck. A feature of the baby calendar of pregnancy at this time is the end of the formation of nails in the unborn baby. His movements are becoming more and more coordinated.

17th week

The weight of the fetus is 160-180 g, the length is 18 cm. New structures have not appeared, but how everything that the fetus already has is progressing in its development. The stage of enhanced growth of the brain has begun, its volume is increasing. From this moment, the formation of subcutaneous fat begins, which participates in the production of energy and in the process of metabolism.

18th week

Fruit length - 20-22 cm, weight - 200-250 g. Keep in mind that the growth rate slows down a little by this time. It should be. The formation of adipose tissue continues, the strengthening of the bones of the fetus.

Pay attention to the photo of the pregnancy calendar - the fetus has already fully formed the phalanges of the fingers and toes, and a pattern has appeared on the skin of the fingers, strictly individual, unique:

The kid moves in his spacious "home".

19th week

The length of the fetus is 22-24 cm, weight is 280-300 g. The lungs develop, bronchioles grow, and the blood flow increases. His eyes are closed, but he knows how to distinguish light from darkness. Primitive eggs appeared in the girl's ovaries. Now the entire body of the fetus has vellus hair. They will disappear shortly before birth, but sometimes their remnants can remain in newborns on the ears, face, and shoulder blades.

20th week

Fruit length - 24-25 cm, weight - 300-350 g. He already knows how to suck a thumb. This week, the skin starts producing vernix. It is formed from exfoliating vellus hairs, superficial skin cells and the secretion of the sebaceous glands - a white-cream color. It is a paste-like substance that covers folds and other parts of the body. Its function is to protect the very delicate skin of the fetus from the effects of harmful microorganisms and mechanical damage. Sometimes the original lubricant persists after birth. During this period, the fetus is very active. If we take a watch, we will get a stunning result - in half an hour he makes up to 60 thrusts, and by the degree of this activity we can already judge whether he is asleep or awake.

The newest pregnancy calendar from 21 to 25 weeks

21st week

According to the latest pregnancy calendar, at the 21st week the fetus has already grown to 26 cm and weighs 400-420 g. His organs and systems continue to develop. This primarily concerns the nervous and endocrine systems. The nervous system is already sufficiently developed so that the fetus can swallow amniotic fluid without effort. The chemical composition, and hence the taste of the amniotic fluid, largely depends on what the pregnant woman eats. Thanks to this, the fetus begins to form food habits, which persist even after birth. He behaves very actively, turns as he wants, turns his head down, then up, then down again. He will only become calmer at the end of the second trimester.

22nd week

The fruit continues to grow and reaches a length of 27-28 cm and a weight of 500 g. All organs are already laid, but continue to actively develop, adapt to perform their functions. The brain has actually completed its growth. The detailed pregnancy calendar notes that the vellus hair of the fetus becomes darker. The kid leads an active life, and when he sleeps, he sees dreams.

23rd week

The fruit grows up to 28-29 cm, its weight increases to 600 g. The original feces - meconium - appears in the intestines. The cardiovascular system is developing very actively this week.

24th week

According to the pregnancy calendar, the length of the fetus at this time is already 30 cm, and the weight is over 600-650 g. The baby continues to build up brown adipose tissue under the skin. This fat has a high energy value. When describing the calendar of pregnancy, the 24th week is characterized as the period of active development of the fetal nervous system. The volume of the brain increases, central and lateral grooves appear on the surface of the cerebral cortex. The spinal cord grows much more slowly. The growth of muscle fibers occurs due to an increase in the diameter of already existing fibers. The volume of amniotic fluid becomes larger. The baby begins to make breathing movements. In this case, a small amount of amniotic fluid enters the lungs, but is immediately absorbed by the lung tissue.

25th week

The length of the fetus is 32 cm, and the weight is 650-750 g. Organs and tissues, especially the respiratory system, continue to develop intensively. The hematopoietic function is performed by the bone marrow. This week, in accordance with the complete pregnancy calendar, is devoted to strengthening the osteoarticular apparatus, the fetus begins to move more actively.

26th week

The fetus already weighs 800-900 g, its length is 34-38 cm. What happens to the fetus according to the pregnancy calendar at this time? Now he hears not only the beating of his mother's heart, but also music from the outside, since he has developed an auditory analyzer. All organs and tissues continue to develop, the alveoli of the lungs have finally formed, the lungs have taken their usual position.

27th week

The weight of the fetus during this period is 900-1000 g, the length is 33-34 cm. His skin is wrinkled due to being in the aquatic environment, but do not worry, this will take place several weeks before giving birth. Significant event - the baby's eyelids rise. This week, the formation of the retina of the eye is completely finished, so the child can perceive light and color.

The fruit is 35-36 cm long and weighs just over 1 kg. On the surface of the brain, grooves and convolutions are clearly visible, but there are still not very many of them, but the mass of the brain has increased.

As you can see in the photo of the fetus according to the pregnancy calendar at the 27th week, there are already eyebrows and cilia on the face of the future baby, and small hairs on the head:

The kid opens and closes his eyes. A reflex arc has formed from the taste buds. Until this week, the boy's testicles were in the abdominal cavity, and now they begin to gradually descend into the scrotum. If it happens that the baby is born prematurely, then he has every chance of survival, of course, with appropriate care.

Weekly pregnancy calendar for the last trimester

29th week

From the 29th week, the last trimester of pregnancy begins. The length of the fetus is already 36-37 cm, and the weight is 1200-1300 g. During this period, the immune system begins to work, blood cells are formed in the spleen. Enamel appears on the teeth.

The main task of the fetus at the moment is to prepare for childbirth. He is learning to regulate his temperature. The bone marrow makes red blood cells. The nature of the movements changes - the fetus is pushed by the elbows and lower limbs.

30th week

According to the Monday pregnancy calendar, the fetus has already grown to 39 cm, and weighs 1400-1500 g. He is familiar with the sensations of light and warmth. His mother can determine with great certainty when the baby is asleep and when he is awake. The hair on the head of the fetus continues to grow. The ribcage works very actively, it rises and falls.

31st week

The length of the fetus is 40-41 cm, and the weight is 1700-1750 g. White adipose tissue is deposited under the skin. The skin begins to turn pink.

Nails almost reach the fingertips. The pupils of the eyes begin to react to light and dark in much the same way as in an adult.

32nd week

The length of the fruit is 42 cm, and the weight is 1800-1900 g. Most of the wrinkles disappear from the face. There is a lot of hair on the head. The nervous system continues to develop successfully. The head has become more proportional to the body. The fetal brain is cut through the convolutions. If light hits the face through the belly, the pupils of the eyes begin to narrow.

33rd week

Fruit length - 42-43 cm, weight - 2000-2200 g. A special substance - surfactant - appeared in the lungs. It helps the baby breathe on its own after birth because it prevents the lungs from collapsing during exhalation. Premature babies now have much less breathing problems.

34th week

Fetal growth - 44-44.5 cm, weight - 2300-2400 g. The unborn child is developing intensively. He can already breathe on his own in the event of a premature birth, but cannot maintain body temperature. The movements of the fetus become more active.

The length of the fruit is approximately 45 cm, and the weight is 2400-2600 g. From this week, he will add 220 g weekly. Soon he will begin to lower his head into the lower segment of the uterus. His nails are long and he can scratch.

36th week

The length of the fruit is 46-47 cm, and the weight is 2700 g. It is preparing for feeding.

Below are photos of the fetus from the pregnancy calendar by week - you can clearly see how the baby sucks either a finger or a toe:

The fetus is no longer moving as actively, but you should not be afraid - this is how it should be.

37th week

The length of the fetus is 48-49 cm, weight is 2800-2900 g. The nervous system continues to develop, a protective sheath is created around the nerves. This process begins this week of intrauterine development, and ends by the end of the first year of the child's life. Such a shell allows for better coordination of movements. The kid's lungs work actively, he breathes with might and main. During inhalation, amniotic fluid enters his lungs, which is excreted during exhalation. Sometimes he is attacked by hiccups. Now the baby should normally be in the uterus, head down.

38th week

The kid continues to gain weight, now he weighs about 3 kg, and his length is 49-50 cm. But these indicators at the moment may be different. This largely depends on the height and weight of the parents themselves. The hair that covered it disappeared from the body of the child, and the original lubricant became less.

The baby weighs 3000-3100 g, its length is 50 cm. All organs and systems are already fully formed and continue to improve. The most recent development is the respiratory system.

40th week

The development of the child according to the pregnancy calendar ends here, he is already quite ready for extrauterine life. Its length is 51-54 cm, weight is 3200 g and more. His movements become slower and slower, he prepares for birth. The intestines are filled with black-green original feces. Both girls and boys have protruding nipples due to the high estrogen content in the mother's blood. This will go away in a few weeks after giving birth. The same cause can cause small vaginal discharge in girls.

Now that you have read the full description of the pregnancy calendar by week, you can better imagine how your baby is formed in the womb.

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When both partners are ready to conceive a child, then nature helps in this. Nevertheless, in order to increase your chances of an early pregnancy, you need to include science in the process.

Ovulation

Best of all, the process of conceiving a child does not occur at the beginning or end, but in the middle of the menstrual cycle in women. At this point, the ovaries create a ready-made egg.

The process of emergence of a formed egg from the ovaries is ovulation.

An egg, ready for conception, into which sperm can enter, will be in this state for only 12 to 36 hours.

It is during these hours that fertilization should take place. After 36 hours, if it does not take place, then the egg simply dies and comes out with blood during the next menstruation.

In a rare case, a woman, during the process of ovulation and conception, forms not one ovulated egg, but two or three at the same time. If you fertilize them during this period, then the woman will have two or three children.

When one egg is divided several times in an already fertilized form, twins are born.

Before and after ovulation

Phased fixation of the egg after leaving the ovaries:

The funnel from the oviduct is ready to receive a falling egg a couple of hours before ovulation occurs. Otherwise, the egg would have to hide in the abdominal cavity.
The villi from the funnel hold the egg in place and contract as it approaches.
The fallopian tube is opened by estrogen, as well as strong blood flow. The empty second pipe is closed at this time. The blood flow around is less strong.
A number of biochemical processes take place in the body that increase the level of female libido, increase blood supply to the genitals, and change mood.
The environment of the cervix changes, allowing semen to enter the ovulated egg.

How is the process of conception

What happens during ejaculation in a woman's body? About 500 million sperm reach the back of the vagina, near the cervix.

To carry out the process of conception, the sperm must get to the egg and fertilize it. To do this, he needs to go through:

two centimeters of the cervix,
five centimeters of the uterine cavity,
twelve centimeters of the fallopian tube.

After that, the sperm enters the ampullary section, where it connects with the egg.

The process takes two to three hours because of the obstacles that the environment itself creates within the woman.

Sperm path

The vaginal environment is not suitable for sperm. Most of the semen does not get past the vagina, even though the sperm can suppress the vaginal environment.

The death of sperm in the vagina occurs after two hours.

Fertilization of an egg will only occur when at least ten million sperm have entered the uterus. There, the sperm are activated and continue on their way to the fallopian tubes.

At the end of the tube, the sperm fertilize the egg. Many of them become entangled in the epithelium and remain there. The sperm die in the fallopian tubes within five days.

At this point, sperm can wait for an egg if it has not yet formed.

The female body provides the required body temperature so that the process of conception and fertilization is successful. The ideal environment for the interaction of the sperm and the egg is thirty-seven degrees.

The process of conceiving a child by day

When the sperm reach the egg, they have another task - to break through the protective membrane.

The head of each sperm contains an enzyme that can dissolve the membrane.

When one sperm cell breaks through the membrane, it fertilizes. However, it is the movements of all the sperm that help one get through. The membrane immediately changes its composition so that other spermatozoa with a different set of chromosomes do not penetrate into the already fertilized egg. After a couple of days, the rest of the sperm die.

Zygote

The nuclei of the egg and sperm are combined into one. A zygote is formed.

After one to one and a half days, the zygote begins the division process.

After two days, she finishes the first stage of division. The resulting two cells are called blastomeres. They divide, gradually decreasing, and the zygote remains the same in size.

Third day

On this day, the embryo consists of six to eight blastomeres. Blastomeres can contribute to the birth of twins and the embryo develops its own genome.

Fourth day

On the fourth day, the embryo already has 10 to 16 cells. The process of embryo compaction begins. Then it enters the uterus and tubes.

During this period, there is a possibility of an ectopic pregnancy.

Fifth - seventh days

Until the seventh day, the embryo can freely move around the uterus, until it is finally hooked.

Implantation can cause short-term bleeding that can be mistaken for the onset of menstruation.

After implantation, the hormone hCG, the hormone of pregnancy, enters the woman's bloodstream.

Pregnancy tests can be done just ten days after ovulation occurs. However, the result cannot be 100%. With a detailed study of how the process of conceiving a child takes place, the chances can be increased several times.

The fetus will continue to develop for nine months, until the very birth.

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Embryo development by day

The development of an embryo is a long, complex and interesting process. After all, after the fusion of a tiny egg and sperm, a new person will be born in just 9 months. In its development, the unborn child will go through several stages, and the so-called critical periods of the development of the embryo, and will consistently be called a human embryo or embryo, then a fetus, until the moment of birth.

Development stages of the embryo

exposure to toxic substances;
intense physical activity;
mechanical impact;
deep bedding of blood vessels;
pathology of the structure and tone of the uterus.

In case of successful implantation, the embryo is anchored in the wall of the uterus next to the superficial vessels that will provide nutrition and development.

The first month of pregnancy is coming to an end (months and weeks in obstetrics are counted from the last menstruation, and days from conception).

Begins 5-8 weeks, the second month of pregnancy. It is also considered critical, since the laying of all organs and systems takes place. It is during this period that one of the main provisional organs is formed - the umbilical cord, which consists of a plexus of arteries and veins, and provides nutrition and metabolic processes of the embryo, while the placenta during pregnancy, which is formed a week later, prevents the mixing of the blood of the mother and the child, simultaneously performing and hematopoietic function.

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Conceiving a child conventionally divided into three main phases:

ovulation - the release of an egg from the ovary
fertilization- penetration of the sperm into the egg
egg division after fertilization and its movement through the fallopian tubes

In order for it to come ovulation, an immature egg (follicle) in one of the ovaries matures under the influence of follicle-stimulating hormone, which is secreted by the pituitary gland. As the follicle matures, luteinizing hormone is produced. Under its influence, the follicle ruptures, releasing the egg. This is ovulation, which usually occurs in the middle of every normal menstrual cycle... After ovulation, the egg enters one of the fallopian tubes and from there into the uterus. Usually, an egg is capable of fertilization within twelve hours. If fertilization does not occur during this time, it dies and is excreted during menses along with menstrual flow.

For conception to occur, the sperm must already be in the fallopian tubes at that time when the egg is capable of fertilization. The sperm, being in the genital tract of a woman after ejaculation, usually does not die for another 48-72 hours. Thus, about four days monthly, most favorable for conception.

For conception to take place, the sperm must penetrate the membranes of the egg. A large number of spermatozoa are involved in the dissolution of the outer shell, but only one can connect to the egg. The egg and sperm are combined into one cell (zygote), which divides into two, then four, and so on. Each cell in the embryo contains the mother's and father's chromosomes, which form the child's individual genetic code.

After conception the developing embryo travels through the fallopian tubes into the uterus. The cells continue to divide and form a ball called a morula. After about four days, fluid accumulates in the center of the morula and a cavity is created. This structure is called a blastocyst. After a few days, protuberances called chorionic villi form on the blastocyst. They penetrate into the wall of the uterus and are fixed in it. This process is called implantation. Implantation occurs approximately twenty days after the last menses. In it time after conception the first signs pregnancy usually absent.

When planning conception, it must be borne in mind that:

In one menstrual cycle, a woman can mature several eggs.
Ovulation may not occur mid-cycle. In young girls and in violation menstrual During the cycle, the ovaries often work irregularly, and therefore ovulation may occur sooner or later. The time of ovulation can depend on the emotional and mental state of the woman, which affects the hormonal balance.
Various diseases affect a woman's ability to conceive and the possibility of implanting a fertilized egg in the uterus.

Recently, it is very common asymptomatic course of gynecological diseases, including sexually transmitted diseases and tumors... Even pathological vaginal discharge with such diseases are not always the case. Without analyzes it is difficult to distinguish them from normal discharge. With the latent course of female diseases, there is no stomach ache, bleeding, menstrual irregularities and other symptoms. Therefore, every woman needs a preventive examination by a gynecologist at least twice a year.

Conception- First step pregnancy... Sometimes, in order for conception to occur faster, preparation is necessary. Choose fertile days better according to conception calendar... Male sex cells are able to maintain their activity in a woman's body for several days. If during this period there is no ovulation, then conception will not occur, and they will die. The most favorable time for conceiving children- this is day ovulation.

Since the life span of an egg is about 12 hours, intercourse in days before ovulation is more preferable for conceiving a child, how after ovulation, since sperm takes about a day to get into the fallopian tube. Define day ovulation and calculate favorable days for conception you can by basal temperature chart, but this method is complex and imprecise. You can also do it yourself in the middle of your menstrual cycle. tests for ovulation and consult a gynecologist who, with the help of an analysis discharge, Ultrasound, hormone tests, will determine the day of ovulation with an accuracy of 1-2 days. Some women subjectively feel ovulation - they feel pain in the lower abdomen, swelling and soreness of the mammary glands, nausea, note the release of ovulatory, viscous, abundant mucus from the genital tract on the day of ovulation. Sometimes discharge during ovulation is bloody... Ovulation can occur on different days for different women. Therefore, after determining the days of ovulation during three menstrual cycles, a woman can make an individual conception calendar.

Conception calendar for ovulation in the middle of the menstrual cycle

Poses for conception

It is recommended to refrain from sexual intercourse for 3-5 days before ovulation for sperm maturation. For conception, it is better if the woman lies on her back during intercourse. After finishing it, you can put a pillow under the buttocks and raise your legs. This pose need to save some time. In this case, the cervix will be immersed in the sperm located in the posterior fornix of the vagina. Also facilitate the penetration of sperm into the cervical canal and conception helps the knee-elbow pose during or after intercourse. Most young women who are newly sexually active do not experience orgasm during intercourse. Having an orgasm does not affect conception.

Days before conception and after conception

V days before conception child and after conception, alcohol intake by spouses should be excluded, since alcohol has a damaging effect on female and male reproductive cells. It is necessary to avoid other harmful factors - smoking, household chemicals, X-ray studies, medications. If the spouses are not healthy, it is better to postpone conception. before recovery. In case of prolonged use of medications and chronic diseases, you should consult your doctor about their possible effect on conception and pregnancy.

In the days after conception before the delay of menstruation, the first signs pregnancy usually absent.

The best time to conceive a child

The biggest plus for conception at any time year is the very fact of pregnancy, especially if it is long-awaited.

Summer conception

At conception in the summer, the first trimester pregnancy falls in summer-autumn, childbirth - in the spring months. The advantages of this time for conception include a good natural vitaminization of the body, the ability to spend more time in the fresh air, a favorable epidemiological situation for acute respiratory infections in the first trimester of pregnancy. But childbirth and the formation of lactation occur in the very hypovitamin season of the year, it is necessary to ensure a sufficient supply of essential nutrients to the female body.

Conception in the fall

The first trimester of pregnancy occurs in the fall-winter months, and childbirth in the summer months. At the same time, there is a good natural vitaminization of a woman's body during conception, before childbirth and during the formation of lactation.

But the first trimester falls on an epidemiologically unfavorable season - outbreaks of influenza, acute respiratory infections. In the first trimester, the fetus is especially vulnerable to infection. This must be taken into account when a woman is prone to colds.

Part of the last trimester of pregnancy will be during hot summers. This should be taken into account by women who do not tolerate heat well and need a lot of fluids. Heat complicates the fight against late toxicosis of pregnancy, worsens the health of the expectant mother, it is difficult to maintain a drinking regimen at high temperatures.

Conception in winter

The first trimester of pregnancy occurs in winter-spring, childbirth in autumn. Plus conception at this time is a good natural vitaminization in the last trimester of pregnancy, during childbirth and during the formation of lactation.

But the first trimester of pregnancy falls on the peak of epidemic trouble in terms of influenza and acute respiratory infections. Moreover, at this time, as mentioned earlier, the embryo is most sensitive to the effects of infection.

Conception in spring

The first trimester of pregnancy occurs in spring-summer, childbirth in winter. The disadvantages include the peak of hypovitaminization of parental organisms at the time of conception and early pregnancy, an unfavorable epidemic situation in terms of acute respiratory infections and influenza during conception in the first half of spring.

Conception of a child - a boy or a girl.

It is believed that compliance with certain rules before conception guarantees conceiving a child a certain gender. Statistics do not confirm the effectiveness of any of the "popular" methods of planning the sex of the child, the positive results when these rules are observed are random.

All of the following "folk" methods of planning the sex of the child do not have any scientific justification, but with a strong faith in them, they may be effective. You should be especially careful about adhering to the described diets, since none of them is complete in terms of the composition of nutrients, which can adversely affect the health of the mother and child.

Traditional methods of conceiving a boy or girl

For conceiving a boy it is necessary in even years of life to plan conception for odd months or in odd years - for even ones. It is believed that having sex is necessary at night, when there is a month in the sky, and not a full moon, and there is no precipitation. The bedroom should be cool, the window should be open, you should lie with your head to the north, you should put some kind of "masculine" attribute under the pillow - a toy pistol, a typewriter. Couples where the husband is more sexually active than the wife are more likely to conceive a boy. During intercourse, a man should reach orgasm earlier than a woman, and after sex, future parents are advised not to sleep for a long time. Before intercourse, the husband should wash his testicles with cold water, which will increase the activity of the sperm. Before the onset of the important night, at least three weeks a woman should eat meat and fish products, potatoes, mushrooms, drink tea, coffee, forgetting about milk and dairy products, as well as bread and egg yolks. All dishes must be salted.

For conceiving a girl the year and month of the beginning of pregnancy can be both even and odd. The day should be rainy, the phase of the moon is full moon. Sex in these cases should be done in the evening, in a room painted in pink tones, lie with your head to the south, and put a pink ribbon under the pillow. The window must be closed and the air in the room must be scented. Girls are guaranteed to couples where the wife is more sexually active than the husband. In the conception of the girl, adherence to a dairy diet helps, fish, bread, carrots, cucumbers, herbs are allowed, the consumption of dried fruits, meat is limited, carbonated water, salt and spices are excluded. The girl's future father should warm the genitals with warm underwear to reduce the activity of male germ cells.

One of the frequently discussed methods of planning the sex of a child has the resounding name of "blood renewal." It is believed that in men, blood is renewed every 4 years, and in women - every 3 years. If a person has had some kind of operation or blood loss during his life, then the countdown begins not from the birthday, but from the date of this blood loss. Thus, the age or time from the last blood loss is divided by 4 in men, and by 3 in women (with Rh-negative blood in the mother, the opposite is true - in men the denominator will be 3, and in women - 4). Whoever has a larger remainder (mom or dad) has a "younger", stronger blood, therefore, the child will be of the same sex. The method has not received any scientific justification.

Scientifically conceiving a boy or girl

According to statistics, 106 boys are born on average per 100 girls. Even more male embryos are formed, but male embryos, as well as boys of the first year of life, die more often. Dangerous games, male professions, wars, bad habits, often lead to the death of adult men. By reproductive age, the sex ratio becomes approximately 1 to 1.

The sex cells of a man and a woman contain one sex chromosome and 22 somatic (nonsexual) chromosomes - each sperm and an egg contain 23 chromosomes. With the fusion of a sperm and an egg during fertilization, the individual genotype of a girl (46 XX) or a boy (46 XY) is formed. Sex is determined by a combination of two sex chromosomes: girls have a combination of XX, and boys have XY. In a woman, all eggs contain one X chromosome (there are no other sex chromosomes in the female body). Male sperm are of two types: with an X chromosome and with a Y chromosome. If the egg is fertilized by the X-sperm, a girl will be born, if Y is a boy. Thus, the sex of the child depends on the male reproductive cell! Therefore, the pope's claims to his wife about the sex of the child born are completely unfounded. For the same reason, all methods of planning the sex of the child that are related to the expectant mother are unreasonable. A woman can pass on to her child only the X chromosome, and the second chromosome - X or Y, on which it will depend whether a boy or a girl is born, the father of the child passes on.

Some methods of planning a child's gender are based on evidence-based evidence. They are difficult to use for women with irregular cycles, in which it is difficult to determine the exact day of ovulation. In healthy women with a regular menstrual cycle, the date of ovulation may also shift.

Planning the sex of the child by the date of ovulation.

To increase the likelihood conceiving a boy, it is necessary that sexual intercourse falls on ovulation time... The method is based on the differences between X- and Y-sperm. The X chromosome is significantly larger and the Y chromosome. X-sperm are slower but more viable. Fertilization of an egg with a sperm is possible after it leaves the ovary - after ovulation. If intercourse was a few days before ovulation, then the likelihood of conceiving a girl, because, most likely, only hardy X-spermatozoa remained in the female genital tract, which will receive the honorable mission of fertilization. If future parents manage to abstain from sex for at least a week before the day of ovulation, and sexual intercourse occurs on the day of ovulation, then the likelihood of conceiving a boy increases, since extremely mobile Y-spermatozoa are the first to reach the egg, ahead of the X-sperm. 2-3 days before ovulation, the environment in the vagina is more acidic, which contributes to the rapid death of Y-sperm. During ovulation, the pH of the medium is somewhat alkalized, which contributes to the survival of Y-spermatozoa.

Dependence of the sex of the child on the sexual activity of the parents.

With frequent intercourse (daily or every other day), boys are more likely to be born because the probability of fertilization with fast Y-spermatozoa is higher. With low sexual activity, the likelihood of a girl being born increases, X-spermatozoa remain viable until ovulation in the woman's genital tract (up to 5 days after intercourse).

Practical advice.

A woman needs to determine the time of ovulation during several menstrual cycles by the basal temperature chart, an ovulation test, or using a daily ultrasound scan - from about the 10th day of the menstrual cycle until the egg leaves the ovary. With ultrasound, the maturing (dominant) follicle containing the egg is clearly visible. It disappears after ovulation, and a corpus luteum forms in its place. Some women subjectively feel ovulation, for example, feel pain in the lower abdomen, nausea, note the release of ovulatory mucus from the genital tract on the day of ovulation - such mucus is viscous, quite abundant. When planning the conception of a daughter, sexual intercourse should be 2-3 days before the calculated date of ovulation, if you want to conceive a son, you should refrain from sex for at least 2-3 days before ovulation, and sexual intercourse should occur during ovulation.

Separation of sperm into X and Y using special procedures.

The sperm are separated using laser technology. After performing one of these procedures, the egg is fertilized in a test tube with a selected sperm, an embryo of the desired sex is obtained and introduced into the uterine cavity (in vitro fertilization).

Even this scientifically based method of scheduling a child's gender is not a 100% guarantee. Potential genetic alterations associated with artificial sperm sorting procedures are not fully understood. In the future, it is possible that sperm separation will help solve the problem of preventing hereditary diseases associated with sex.

None of the methods for planning the sex of the child gives a 100% guarantee. The appearance in a family of a healthy child of any gender, a boy or a girl, is a happy event.

Artificial insemination

Intrauterine insemination the sperm of the husband or donor is produced when the immunological incompatibility of the married couple is established or when the fertilizing ability of the husband's sperm is reduced. On the day of the menstrual cycle favorable for pregnancy, pretreated sperm is injected into the woman's uterus. The effectiveness of intrauterine insemination in the treatment of infertility is quite high. It is advisable to repeat the procedure within 4 cycles.

In Vitro Fertilization outside the uterus with the subsequent transfer of embryos into the mother's uterus (IVF) is carried out with persistent obstruction of the fallopian tubes. Those stages of development of the egg and embryo, which normally take place in the fallopian tube in the first 2-3 days after fertilization, with IVF occur in vitro - "in vitro". IVF method consists of several stages:

diagnostics of the form and causes of infertility
prescribing to a woman drugs that stimulate the growth of several follicles in the egg - induction of superovulation
assessment of the ovarian response to the use of induction using ultrasound and hormonal studies
determining when to puncture the follicles using ultrasound and determining the concentration of hormones
puncture of follicles, extraction of eggs from them, placing them in a special environment
sperm collection and preparation
combining oocytes and sperm cells insemination of oocytes in a test tube and placing them in an incubator for 24-42 hours
transfer of embryos from a test tube to the mother's uterus
prescribing drugs that support implantation and development of embryos in the uterus
diagnosis of pregnancy
management of pregnancy and childbirth

IVF efficiency is currently 30% on average. This is a high percentage, given that the probability of conception in healthy men and women in the same menstrual cycle is about 30%. Due to the high efficiency of IVF today, this method is used in almost all forms of infertility. With IVF, preimplantation diagnosis of hereditary diseases is possible. The incidence of genetic diseases in children born with IVF does not exceed that in children conceived in the usual way.

Surrogacy... The egg obtained from a woman is fertilized with the sperm of her husband. The resulting embryo is transferred to the uterus of another woman, the so-called surrogate or biological mother. A surrogate mother bears a child and after childbirth gives it to the mistress of the eggs - the genetic mother.

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Conception of a child, fetal development by week. The process of conceiving a child

Probably the biggest mystery on earth is the birth of a new life, namely the conception of a child. Man and from time immemorial has been trying to unravel the mystery of creating a new life, but still many mysteries remain unsolved.

Today we will talk about the process of conceiving a child - it is truly fantastic!

Fertilization

A female reproductive cell, capable of conceiving, while waiting for a sperm cell, looks like this.

Female ovum

For the fertilization process, about 60-100 million male cells (sperm) must enter the woman's body. This is the required amount for conception (otherwise the likelihood is reduced). The nucleus of the sperm can contain 2 types of sex chromosomes: Y - carries male information and X - with a female set. So the sex of the child is determined by which sex chromosome was in the last pair, if X, then future parents will have a girl, if Y is a boy.

The "meeting" of the sperm with the egg occurs in the fallopian tube, where the egg moves after ovulation.

Sperm penetration

Within three days after the fusion of the parents' germ cells, an intensive division of the embryo occurs. At the same time, it moves into the uterine cavity. There he will develop for 9 months.

Fertilized egg

In the next 32 hours after fertilization, nothing happens.

And then the first division of the ovum is observed - two cells are formed from one cell.

Fetal development by week

Egg division rate - 1 division per day. Within 7 days, the division rate increases.

When dividing, an even, then an odd number of cells is formed.

Human embryo on day 1-8

The first 8 days of the embryo's life are extremely important, since if any violations in its development now occur, the woman will have regular menstruation, since the pregnancy will stop. During these 8 days, the embryo is not associated with the mother, it feeds on those substances that have been accumulated in the egg.

Blastocyst

Implantation is the engraftment of the embryo in the uterus.

An ectopic pregnancy can occur due to inflammation of the female genital organs, abortions, abnormalities in the development of the uterus, etc. This occurs if, on the way from the fallopian tubes to the uterus, the ovum encounters slowed peristalsis of the fallopian tubes.

If a woman has hormonal disorders, then the peristalsis of the fallopian tubes may accelerate. Then the ovum enters the uterus earlier, which is also dangerous - further pregnancy does not develop or pregnancy occurs, but a serious complication occurs - placenta previa.

Implantation process

From the moment the ovum engrafts in the uterine cavity, a new stage begins - the development of the fetus by weeks. On the seventh day of pregnancy, the outer layer of the embryo (trophoblast) begins to produce a hormone - chorial gonadotropin (CG). Thanks to this hormone, a woman will receive the news of pregnancy. In this case, the body of the pregnant woman will begin to rebuild.

It is important to note that the hormones produced in the second phase of the menstrual cycle are essential for the full development of the fetus week by week. An insufficient amount of them can lead to the death of the embryo. At the same time, the woman does not even know that she was pregnant. So 50% of women lose pregnancy at this stage.

Embryo at the 4th week of development

Embryo at the 8th week of development

The first weeks of pregnancy are truly very important for the baby. At the same time, when you still do not even know that you are already pregnant, the heart of the future baby is already beating, he is actively developing and growing. That is why, as soon as you guess about the possibility of conceiving a child, immediately give up bad habits, do not go to work, eat right.

We wish you and your child health!

teddyclub.org

Interactive Pregnancy Calendar | the most accurate interactive pregnancy calendar | determination of the timing of pregnancy

Eliminate the risk of Down syndrome and neural tube defects

The first sensation of fetal movements in multiparous women

The first sensation of fetal movements in primiparous women

22 weeks Ultrasound 2

Determination of the state of the fetus by organs

24 weeks Doppler 1

Doppler study of placental blood flow. Elimination of the risk of developing placental insufficiency.

26 weeks Sullivan Test

Glucose tolerance test. Avoiding gestational diabetes

End of the second trimester. Prenatal leave for pregnant twins. Risk of gestosis and pyelonephritis.

30 weeks Three quarters behind. Prenatal leave for most pregnant women.

32 weeks Ultrasound 3 Determination of the condition of the fetus and placenta

Full-term pregnancy Step III. Determination of gestational age according to ultrasound (I trimester). In early pregnancy, measuring the length of the embryo allows you to determine the gestational age with great accuracy. To calculate the date of conception, subtract 2 weeks from the resulting figure.

forumok.ru

1 week of pregnancy - sensations, fetal development, photo, ultrasound, video

What does the term - 1 week mean?

The first week is counted in different ways, it all depends on what to take as a starting point.

Obstetric first week- the period, the countdown of which is from the first day of the last menstruation of the cycle during which conception occurred. It is from this week that the period until delivery is counted, which is usually 40 weeks.

First week from conception- this is the third obstetric week.

First week of delay Is the fifth obstetric week.

Signs of pregnancy in the 1st week

In fact, the first two obstetric weeks are veiled in secrecy. Because the mother does not yet know that her egg will be fertilized. That's why there are no signs of pregnancy in the first week, since the body only prepares for it.

As for the signs in the first week from conception or the third obstetric week, then, as such, there are no pronounced drug signs. You may feel a little weakness, drowsiness, a feeling of heaviness in the lower abdomen, a change in mood. All of this is common in women during PMS.

But a clear sign can be implantation bleeding. However, not everyone has it, and if it does, then it may not be given due importance, it is often mistaken for the beginning of menstruation.

What happens in a woman's body in the 1st week?

The first week after conception is very important. It is during this time that the fertilized cell travels from the ovary to the uterus and is fixed on the wall of the uterus.

This week the risk of miscarriage is very high, because the female body does not always accept a foreign body that attaches to the wall of the uterus, especially when a woman has good immunity. But our body is cunning, it promotes pregnancy in every possible way, so you may feel weak, unwell, and therefore the temperature may rise.

The first week of delay is the fifth obstetric week in which symptoms can be very pronounced:

Actually, the main symptom will be the very delay in menstruation. Weakness and drowsiness, Morning sickness and increased sensitivity to food, Aggravated perception of odors, Unexpected food cravings, possible interest in foods that you did not like before, Pain of unknown origin and heaviness below, Breast enlargement, chest pains, Changes in vaginal discharge, Positive result pregnancy test.

Feelings in the expectant mother in the 1st obstetric week

Feelings of a woman after conception and in the first days of pregnancy can be completely different, all this is very individual. Someone does not feel the changes at all and does not even suspect that a new life is being born inside.

Other women perceive the symptoms that appear as normal signs before menstruation. After all, many are familiar with the sensations when the lower abdomen pulls or the chest grows slightly, the nipples ache, the mood is changeable.

And some expectant mothers already from the very conception begin to feel hormonal changes in the body.

Feelings and responses of women on the forums:

Kate:

A week before the expected period, the breasts and nipples began to hurt, as usual before menstruation. My stomach began to swell, about 3 days before day X. from a new one: I was a little nauseous from the toothpaste when I brushed my teeth, the skin around my lips darkened, the nipple halos became pimpled.

Anna:

There were nagging pains in the right ovary, it was a little nauseous, if I didn’t listen to myself, I probably wouldn’t even notice ... My chest began to ache after the delay, and this cannot be called pain, but most likely heaviness, nipples are sensitive, severe drowsiness.

Hope:

No sensations! Generally! Nothing! That is why at first I did not believe my eyes at all - all the "passing" months I found so many symptoms, and then silence - well, I think, just by ... And here !!! But somewhere after a week of delay - the chest began to hurt a lot and increase, well, it was storming a little.

Alina:

And we, as an application to the registry office, submitted - so immediately became pregnant. Before that, we lived for a year, did not use protection, and nothing. Small as he felt that it was time to be born. Our first or second weeks passed in ignorance, walking at our own wedding, and then once - there are already three of us!

Valentine:

And in my first weeks, to chest pains and hypersensitivity, a sharp drop in pressure even increased! But, by 3 months it all goes away. But the sensations in the lower abdomen can still be pulling, as during menstruation, if there is no discharge, this is normal.

Fetal development in the 1st week of intrauterine life

A period of 1 obstetric week means that conception has not yet occurred, and the future fetus is still just a ripe follicle on the surface of the ovary, which is preparing for ovulation.

At a period of 1 week from conception, the fertilized cell moves along the fallopian tube to the uterus itself and the embryo is implanted into the walls of the uterus. During this time, the placenta and umbilical cord are formed.

Photo and video on the 1st week of life of the embryo

Photo of the embryo at the 1st week

Photo ultrasound - 1 week

Ultrasound at 1 week allows you to examine the dominant follicle, assess the thickness of the endothelium and predict how the pregnancy will develop.

Photo-ultrasound 1 week from conception

Video. First week from conception

Video: What Happens in Week 1?

Your cessation of alcohol and smoking, including secondhand smoke, will be very important for the health of your unborn baby;

Also, if you are taking certain medications, then you should consult with your doctor and read carefully the instructions, whether there is pregnancy in the list of contraindications;

It is advisable to take a multivitamin complex for pregnant women, it contains folic acid, which is very necessary for the expectant mother;

Avoid stress as much as possible and take care of your psychological state. After all, everything that happens to you affects the development of the child;

Try to reduce your tea and coffee consumption, especially if you usually consume large amounts of them throughout the day.

www.colady.ru

HCG level during pregnancy by days from conception (ovulation) / www.wantbaby.ru

Note!

1. The norms of hCG are given for the embryonic gestation period "from conception (ovulation)". Fetal gestation is always less than obstetric gestation (calculated by the date of the last menstrual period). On average - by 2-3 weeks, and with long and irregular cycles, the difference can exceed 3 weeks.

2. The above figures are not a benchmark! Each laboratory can set its own standards, therefore, when assessing the results, it is advisable to rely on the standards of the laboratory where the analysis was performed! You can compare your results with the norms of different laboratories in the HCG calculator.

3. If you do not know your pregnancy period or the test results do not coincide with your calculations, take a look at pregnancy Calendar... Perhaps you just miscalculated it.

www.wantbaby.ru

The first signs of pregnancy after conception

10 How to determine the term of conception?

Our great-grandmothers tried to find out whether conception occurred long before the delay in menstruation, listening to their bodies or trusting folk signs. Ultra-precise medical diagnostics of pregnancy arose closer to the beginning of 1960, when, based on the experimental findings of a German scientist, Dr. Sondek, the first test was created to determine the amount of hCG in a woman's urine. Therefore, until 1960, in gynecological offices, women were told about what the first signs of pregnancy after conception could be, warning that in some cases the alleged symptoms indicate diseases of the reproductive system.

Painful sensations in the lower abdomen as a sign of pregnancy

Many women experience discomfort in the lower abdomen immediately after conception. These sensations may somewhat resemble the pain observed before the onset of the next menstruation. Usually, the spasms described by the overwhelming majority of pregnant women when they recall the beginning of their pregnancy are not associated with the growth of the uterus. This is a natural reaction of the body to the successful completion of conception. However, if the pain lasts more than 2 weeks and your period does not occur, there is a high likelihood of an ectopic pregnancy. In this case, it is necessary to consult a gynecologist, who will do a transvaginal ultrasound scan to exclude the threat of spontaneous abortion or an abnormal position of the ovum.

Digestive system dysfunction and pregnancy

Most often, the first signs of pregnancy after conception are associated with the woman's digestive system. They should be taken seriously if conception occurred no earlier than a week before the onset of the following symptoms:

flatulence, accompanied by heaviness in the stomach;
heartburn;
rejection of certain foods and odors;
the desire to change your diet or add dishes with unexpected flavor combinations.

You can feel when conception has occurred only when an egg fertilized by a sperm cell invades the wall of the uterus. Until this moment, the hormonal background of a woman remains the same, therefore, it is not possible to find out about the exact date of pregnancy, guided by observations of the work of the digestive system.

The psychological aspect of pregnancy

Women who are actively planning pregnancy, specially calculate favorable days for conception and therefore are in a tense psychological state. They try to explain the frequent changes in their moods by the onset of a long-awaited pregnancy. There is some truth in this: pregnant women really are in a difficult psychological state. Thanks to changes in the level of hormonal levels, you can feel that fertilization has taken place. The woman becomes very emotional. She feels self-pity, the reason for which may be panic fear for her child or the irreversibility of future childbirth (this condition is due to the fact that the pregnant woman is afraid of the very process of delivery).

Soreness of the mammary glands: mastopathy or pregnancy?

Certain signs of pregnancy after conception are associated with changes in the mammary glands. About 90% of women in labor felt discomfort in the chest area immediately after probable conception. The mammary glands enlarge long before the first day of delayed menstruation (approximately 1.5 - 2 weeks). The chest becomes round. You can see how the areolas and nipples become wider, acquiring a rich brown hue. Thus, the breasts begin to prepare for future infant feeding.

Cystitis as a signal of pregnancy

The shortest gestation period is very often accompanied by cystitis. The cause of bladder inflammation can be associated not only with changes in the uterus (which at first resembles a chicken egg), but also with the restructuring of the entire body. The woman's immune system is weakened. Therefore, until the very day of birth, she may experience urinary problems, which can be caused by infections. However, now cystitis is treated with safe antibiotics, which can be used even when the period is less than 7 weeks.

Increased basal temperature

Women who want to know when favorable days for conception come regularly measure their basal body temperature. This method is practiced by those for whom the date of birth is especially important. After all, some mothers strive to give birth to a child by a certain significant date: New Year, wedding anniversary or other important event. It is believed that a sharp rise in temperature indicates ovulation. If the temperature rises in the days following ovulation, conception has occurred. But if conception has taken place, and the temperature does not rise, the woman can be diagnosed with a lack of progesterone, which often becomes the cause of miscarriages.

Cold as a probable symptom of pregnancy

In the first days after conception, you can feel weakness, general malaise, and an increase in body temperature. This condition is often accompanied by all the symptoms of acute respiratory infections: runny nose, cough, sore throat. This is how the body reacts to the changes that have occurred to it. Therefore, some women talk about the possible date of birth, counting the day of conception from the day of the cold, if the period coincides with the subsequent delay in menstruation. This condition is justified in the case when you can remember the approximate date of the onset of a cold.

Diagnosis by detecting hCG in the blood and urine of a woman

Long before childbirth, a hormone is produced in a woman's body - chorionic gonadotropin. This hormone is produced in a matter of days after conception by the future placenta. This means that you can find out about the approximate date of pregnancy long before the first days of missed periods pass. It is enough to determine the presence of hCG in the body (this can be done in three ways: buy a pregnancy test, do a special blood or urine test). The most reliable result can be obtained if the period from the beginning of fertilization is 10 days. Some women, considering favorable days, do a hCG test immediately when their basal temperature rises, but such results can be questioned since the concentration of the hormone at first does not exceed the permissible level in the body of non-pregnant women.

Why do you need to know about the first signs of pregnancy?

Not all women calculate the days of ovulation, because they use contraceptives or do not have a permanent sexual partner. Therefore, for them, the days of delay in the next menstruation come as a surprise. Not all pregnancy tests can show reliable results. There were times when a woman found out that she had an impressive pregnancy shortly before ... giving birth. Of course, it is difficult not to notice the movement of the child in the womb, but, as history shows, it is possible. So you need to know about the first symptoms of a possible pregnancy in order to help the doctor determine what the preliminary date of birth is. This is especially important for those women who have an irregular menstrual cycle and, therefore, the days of ovulation may vary from month to month.

How to determine the time of conception?

The possible term of conception is considered to be from the first day of the last menstruation. In the same way, the possible date of birth is determined in order to prevent cases of prolonged pregnancy or to determine the degree of prematurity in case of premature birth. The date of conception is calculated in two ways:

40 weeks or 280 days are added to the date of the first day of the last menstruation (after calculating the period for ovulation - 2 weeks).
From the first day of the last menstruation, 3 months are counted and a week is added to the resulting date.

Having determined the term of conception, a woman will be able to protect herself and the baby. Indeed, many medicines, cosmetic procedures, methods of functional diagnostics are unacceptable in the period from the beginning of pregnancy to the birth itself. In addition, every woman is obliged to know her pregnancy term in order to have time to decide what she will do next. If the expectant mother works in hazardous production, she will have to quit so as not to endanger the life of her baby. In addition, she will be able to understand the cause of her malaise and dramatic changes in mood, which will make life easier not only for her, but also for those around her.

Additional material

hochurodit.ru

On what day after conception, you can accurately determine the pregnancy

The birth of a child is an important and exciting event for every woman. Therefore, it is quite understandable why ladies want to know about their "interesting position" as early as possible. Some already the next day after the "night of love" find themselves light and nauseous and craving for salty food and are quite sincerely happy about the imminent appearance of an heir. But is it possible to detect pregnancy so early?

And what can be considered a pregnancy?

Pregnancy is usually calculated from the first day of your last menstrual period. But such an approach, of course, is very conditional, since at its beginning, as they say, nothing portends further amazing events. Even the fact of fertilization is not yet a pregnancy, since it does not cause any changes in the female body in comparison with the usual state. And here the moment of implantation of a fertilized egg into the uterus entails serious hormonal changes aimed at further bearing the fetus. We will consider this moment the beginning of pregnancy and find out on what day after conception it will be possible to determine it.

What are the signs of pregnancy

The moment of implantation can be calculated in three ways:

Decrease in basal body temperature(the so-called implantation retraction). As you know, after ovulation, the production of progesterone increases, and the basal temperature as a result rises, and closer to menstruation begins to decrease. However, at the time of implantation, the production of progesterone begins with renewed vigor, which leads to an increase in basal temperature. But if the temperature schedule before ovulation was not kept, it is unlikely that it will be possible to determine pregnancy in this way.
Implant bleeding... It is caused by the introduction of the embryo into the wall of the uterus and is a so-called daub, accompanied by pulling pains in the lower abdomen. However, most healthy women do not notice such a sign of pregnancy at all.
Increase in the level of hCG in the blood... Chorionic gonadotropin begins to be intensively produced at the time of implantation of the embryo into the uterus and gives a signal to the body about the onset of pregnancy. Its elevated level can be determined both at home using a conventional pregnancy test, and in a medical institution by taking a blood test.

Since the implantation of the embryo into the uterus occurs somewhere in five to seven days after conception, it is necessary to determine the pregnancy earlier than a week after this moment highly unlikely.

On what day after intercourse can conception occur?

Many couples live in confidence that conception occurs on the day of intercourse. However, this belief is very far from the truth. Indeed, with a successful combination of circumstances, conception can occur within an hour after the moment of love. However, the likelihood of such a development of events is extremely small. Conception can happen quite calmly within a week after intercourse... Accordingly, it will be possible to determine pregnancy no earlier than a couple of weeks after this moment. But if a man and a woman live a regular sex life, then it is almost impossible to establish which impulse of passion became the beginning of a new life.

www.happy-giraffe.ru

Pregnancy is a magical time before the birth of a new man. For parents, each child is extraordinary, individual.

Wise nature allotted its own time and time to everything. Also, the development of the fetus in the mother's tummy occurs in accordance with her laws.

Each week of pregnancy is characterized by growth and the next stage, from the formation of the embryo to the formation of a newborn baby.

Knowing how the fetus is developing week by week will give parents-to-be confidence and dispel fears.

From conception to the fourth week

The origin of life is a long process. Its countdown begins in the middle of the monthly female cycle.
Somewhere on the fourteenth day of the menstrual cycle, an egg matures, which is transferred from the ovary to the fallopian tube. If, within the next day, she meets an active sperm and merges with it, then fertilization will occur. So, the formed unicellular embryo will become the beginning of a new life.

On about the fourth day, a multicellular fertilized egg enters the uterine cavity. By the end of the third week, it is firmly attached to the walls of the uterus. The onset of implantation speaks of the onset of conception. The villi of the outer cells of the embryo connect to the mother's blood vessels. This is the future placenta. Other cells will become the umbilical cord and the membrane that takes care of the fetus. The inner cells will subsequently split into 3 groups and become different organs and tissues.

5th to 6th

The embryo at this stage is in a bladder filled with liquid. Its length is only 6 mm. It resembles an apple seed in size.
Now the central nervous system is being formed, the brain and spine are being distinguished.
Four depressions are guessed on the head, which will become eyes and ears.
The mouth and digestive system are just beginning to develop.
The stomach and rib cage are forming. By the end of the period, the heart, which is a bulge on the chest, begins to beat. It has four departments.
A system of blood vessels is formed.
Four tiny rudiments have formed - these are the future legs, arms.

Embryo development in the seventh week

The size of the embryo is as small as a grape. The length of the unborn child is 13 mm.
A disproportionately large head has formed, pressed against the chest. The face is guessed. The eyes are tightly closed. Black pigment is visible through the skin.
The legs and arms end with finger buds.
The heart makes the blood circulate.
The central nervous system has formed.
Bone cells are created.
The embryo has incompletely formed lungs, intestines, liver, kidneys and internal genital organs.

Development in the eighth week

Now it is already a fetus, in which all the main internal organs have formed.
The face becomes embossed: the tip of the nose, nostrils, and mouth appear. Language appears.
The inner ear goes into action.
The fingers, tied with membranes, were well marked.
The limbs are longer. Shoulders, elbows, hips, knees stand out.
Fruit the size of a strawberry 2.5 cm long is quite active.
The nervous system is improving.

You can help ensure that the development of the fetus takes place in a favorable environment. Regular walks, balanced nutrition, good drinking will provide the baby with the necessary components for growth, improve digestion, and relieve you of a bad mood.

Ninth to twelfth

The fruit already resembles a tiny man 65 mm long. The baby weighs 18 grams.
The tail of the embryo disappears from the fetus.
The fingers have finally taken shape, marigolds grow on them.
Auricles with lobes were clearly visible.
Eyelids formed to cover the eyes.
Muscles develop - the fetus is actively moving. The thumbs are bent on the hands, the fists are clenched.
The kid knows how to wrinkle his lips, open and close his mouth, swallow the surrounding liquid, and urinate.

The doctor will help you navigate the intake of vitamins so that the development of the fetus during the weeks of pregnancy is favorable.

Thirteenth to sixteenth

The kid is fully formed. Its length is 16 cm. It weighs 135 grams. From the fourteenth week, the fetus feeds through the placenta.
The head is disproportionately large. The neck showed.
The body is covered with lanugo - a gentle downy. Eyelashes and eyebrows have formed.
The baby's skin is so transparent that the blood vessels are visible.
The joints of the legs and arms have formed. The bones begin to harden.
Muscles that develop and get stronger allow for more and more coordinated movements.
The sex of the baby can already be determined by the genitals.
The chest performs breathing movements.
The baby sucks a thumb.
The heart can be listened to with a special stethoscope. It beats twice as fast as that of an adult.

Consult in advance with your gynecologist how to act to avoid such pregnancy companions as bleeding gums, shortness of breath, constipation, cramps, weakness. Then and in the future, pregnancy and fetal development will be painless.

Seventeenth to twentieth

The child reaches 25 cm in length and weighs 340 g.
Hair appeared on the head.
The rudiments of the teeth are determined.
The baby's surface is covered with original lubricant - a light fatty substance.
The formed internal organs begin a period of growth.
The arms and legs are well developed, they are in proportion to the rest of the body.
The fingers become more mobile.
The kidneys begin to work.
Mom can feel the activity of the baby.

The development of the fetus will be positively influenced by the skills of relaxation and breathing exercises.

Twenty-first to twenty-fourth

The kid reaches 33 cm and gains 570 grams.
The skin thickens, sweat glands are formed in it.
The arms and legs become strong. He knows how to push, roll over, squeeze a fist.
The child can cough, hiccup, frown, squint.
The eyes are still covered with film.
The auditory ossicles become stiff. The baby has developed hearing: the baby listens to the mother's heartbeat, breathing, and the sound of her voice.
The baby alternates between sleep and wakefulness.
Taste papillae are formed on the tongue.

You and your baby are getting ready for the meeting. The development of the fetus by week is "on schedule." It's time to take care of your breasts and purchase a special bra.

Twenty-fifth to twenty-eighth

The child grew up to 37 cm, gained almost 1 kg.
Fat cells form under the reddish skin.
The cerebral cortex has developed.
Taste buds allow you to recognize subtle shades of bitter, sweet and salty.
The lungs are not yet fully formed.
The eyes open and close.
The baby reacts to external sounds. Maybe cry.

Dear mommy, you should get enough sleep, then the development of the fetus will proceed in a calmer environment.

Twenty-ninth to Thirty-second

The baby has reached 40.5 cm and weighs 1.6 kg.
For the baby, darkness and light are distinguishable. During sleep, the eyelids are closed, in moments of wakefulness - open.
The ears are finally taking shape.
He takes a prenatal position. By this time, most are head down.

You can see that pregnancy is taking its course, and the development of the fetus by weeks is approaching its logical conclusion. Start attending parenting courses with your spouse.

Thirty-third to thirty-six

The child has grown. Its length is 46 cm. Weight - 2.5 kg.
The accumulated fatty tissue gives the baby a roundness.
The skin turned pink.
The nails on the legs and arms have grown back.
The grasp reflex develops.
Muscle tone increases. The child can raise and turn his head.
The lungs are developed.
The kid reacts to the light source.
The boy's testicles are clearly visible.

The development of the fetus by week shows that it is time to prepare for the trip to the hospital and collect the dowry for the baby.

Thirty-seventh to fortieth

The kid gained 3.4 kg and grew to 51 cm.
Lanugo disappeared from him. The shoulders, arms and legs may still be covered with a little bit of primary down.
The original lubricant in a child is distributed either throughout the body, or is located in the folds of the skin.
In the intestines, the primary feces are collected - meconium.
During the second and subsequent pregnancy, the head may sink into the pelvic region.

Dear future mummies and daddies, the height and weight of the fetus and baby by week are given conditionally. This is not a strictly established norm. There are no correct standards for fetal development by weeks of pregnancy. Deviations up or down individually.

Development stages of the embryo

Pregnancy calendar from the day of conception (from 1 to 5 weeks)

Fetal pregnancy calendar in the early stages from 6 to 10 weeks

Accurate pregnancy calendar from 11 to 15 weeks

Baby pregnancy calendar with a description of fetal development from 16 to 20 weeks

The newest pregnancy calendar from 21 to 25 weeks

Weekly pregnancy calendar for the last trimester

Ovulation

Before and after ovulation

How is the process of conception

Sperm path

The process of conceiving a child by day

Zygote

Third day

Fourth day

Fifth - seventh days

Embryo development by day

Development stages of the embryo

Poses for conception

Days before conception and after conception

The best time to conceive a child

Summer conception

Conception in the fall

Conception in winter

Conception in spring

Conception of a child - a boy or a girl.

Traditional methods of conceiving a boy or girl

Scientifically conceiving a boy or girl

Planning the sex of the child by the date of ovulation.

Artificial insemination

Conception of a child, fetal development by week. The process of conceiving a child

Fertilization

Female ovum

Sperm penetration

Fertilized egg

Fetal development by week

Human embryo on day 1-8

Blastocyst

Implantation process

Embryo at the 4th week of development

Embryo at the 8th week of development

Interactive Pregnancy Calendar | the most accurate interactive pregnancy calendar | determination of the timing of pregnancy

1 week of pregnancy - sensations, fetal development, photo, ultrasound, video

What does the term - 1 week mean?

Signs of pregnancy in the 1st week

What happens in a woman's body in the 1st week?

Feelings in the expectant mother in the 1st obstetric week

Feelings and responses of women on the forums:

Fetal development in the 1st week of intrauterine life

Photo and video on the 1st week of life of the embryo

HCG level during pregnancy by days from conception (ovulation) / www.wantbaby.ru

The first signs of pregnancy after conception

Painful sensations in the lower abdomen as a sign of pregnancy

Digestive system dysfunction and pregnancy

The psychological aspect of pregnancy

Soreness of the mammary glands: mastopathy or pregnancy?

Cystitis as a signal of pregnancy

Increased basal temperature

Cold as a probable symptom of pregnancy

Diagnosis by detecting hCG in the blood and urine of a woman

Why do you need to know about the first signs of pregnancy?

How to determine the time of conception?

On what day after conception, you can accurately determine the pregnancy

And what can be considered a pregnancy?

What are the signs of pregnancy

On what day after intercourse can conception occur?

From conception to the fourth week

5th to 6th

Embryo development in the seventh week

Development in the eighth week

Ninth to twelfth

Thirteenth to sixteenth

Seventeenth to twentieth

Twenty-first to twenty-fourth

Twenty-fifth to twenty-eighth

Twenty-ninth to Thirty-second

Thirty-third to thirty-six

Thirty-seventh to fortieth