I look harder every day in the dictionary.
Sparks of feeling flicker in its columns.
Art will descend into the cellars of words more than once,
Holding in his hand his secret lantern.

In all words - events are printed.
They were not given to man for nothing.
I read: "Century. From the century. To age.
Live out a century. God did not give his son a century.

A century to seize, a century to heal someone else's ... "
The words sound reproach, and anger, and conscience.
No, not a dictionary lies in front of me,
And the ancient story scattered.

The reader of the verse feels how a slender, light melody, adjusted from the first lines and picked up in the finale, somehow settles, gets stuck between the second and third quatrains: the words grow heavy, swell from bursting forces, so one wants to drive them deeper into the basement of meaning , or, on the contrary, immediately release, release ...

Our Russian language is uniquely rich in the permissibility of variations and variability of assumptions. This makes it difficult to study. Exceptions hang on the rules, tolerances are dumbfounded and scare off: on the other hand, synthetic word-series of declensions and conjugations awaken such a poetic fantasy that cannot be restrained.

"A century to age ... to seize ... to heal ..."

The Russian language is one of the richest in terms of the number of borrowings adopted over the centuries. Tatar phrases that entered Russian speech, and then - Greek, German, French, English ... Not to mention the related Slavic ones, in the context of which the Russian language is the most enriched, and for other connoisseurs it is shattered, or even "clogged" ...

Is it good or bad?

I answer with a purely Russian enigma: both good and bad. Depending on the situation.

MOVA, "FENKI" AND "FUN"

Belarusians, for example, keep the old peasant speech under the shade of their forests, and the steppe-Ukrainians are ready to start a suicidal war for their MOV, just not to give up their native language to the Novorossiysk litter-discord. One can understand them, but one must also understand the fate of the Russian speech, which has engulfed twelve tribes on the Eurasian Plain. And if we want to preserve and augment our, Russian history, then our language will also be enriched with the utterances of all ethnic groups that are drawn into our common being.

That is, you still need to get rich? Or clog up?

And again I answer:

Both!

If the millennial speech begins to ossify within the walls of the Academic dictionaries, the social lower classes will irresistibly rush into the open space of verbiage. Yes, the soul blinked by Soviet ideology was saved by jargons - from professional to camps. But today, when the dictatorship has collapsed, decades of verbal debauchery appeal to vocabulary rigidity. Not only is it impossible to understand the speech, consisting of "fenek" and "jokes", it also opened up wild opportunities for foul language, which cannot be prohibited - it only grows insolent from prohibitions - and cannot be tolerated.

Because such vile motives (at any cost to get into the center of attention!) Climb into communication with matyugas, from which one must be saved.

How?

Maybe create special dictionaries of verbal evil spirits so that it gathers there and dries up to zero? And general dictionaries - to protect? And if we are going to let something like this into the academic dictionary, then doing it three times?

PRECEDENT BY IVAN ALEXANDROVICH

After all, there was already a case when the dearest Russian mat was included in the Academic Dictionary of the Russian Language - it turned out to be a curiosity. And the glorious linguist Baudouin de Courtenay, whose French name surfaced in Poland, where the linguist was called Netsislav, was honored to do this - after moving to Russia, he became Ivan Alexandrovich.

What did Ivan Alexandrovich want from the dirty edge of the language, including it in the canon?

Yes, that's what:

"If life is wild and ugly, the compiler or editor must come to terms with this sad fact and cannot limit himself to silence. This applies to everything: profanity, swearing, abominations of commonplace jargon. The lexicographer has no right to curtail and castrate a" living language. " famous words exist in the minds of the vast majority of the people and are constantly pouring out, the lexicographer is obliged to enter them into the dictionary, even if all the hypocrites and tartuffees, who are usually big lovers of fatness in secret, rebelled against this and feigned indignation ... "

On the other hand, how can a lexicographer resist such, for example, multicolor:

"Credit cards of different denominations bear different names, given either by the consonance of a given word with the name itself, or by the color of one or another ticket. For example, a ruble ticket is called a canary or a canary, a three-ruble ticket is a parrot, a five-ruble ticket is a rooster, and a ten-ruble ticket is called a crucian carp ( red bill), a thousand rubles - in a scythe or leather jacket ".

Cenari and parrots did not reach us. And what will be left to the descendants of the current "cabbage" and other wallet wrappers?

Just one word, I think, has a chance. For melodious savory and provocative all-responsiveness:

And then we'll see if the dictionaries of the Academic level will withstand it. The century will show.

PUSHKIN'S DICTIONARY

Of course, I remember Pushkin - his frank confession about how, in search of foreign words, he looked into the Academic Dictionary. Despite the fact that all foreign words "introduced unnecessarily" were excluded from this dictionary of 1789. What was the author of "Eugene Onegin" looking for? He wanted to find and confirm his own verbal color, which he called "solemn" in the drafts. In contrast to what? The vulgarity of vernacular? Inflated high-mindedness?

I will answer all the same, in our opinion:

Both.

Now let me remind you of the final Pushkin text:

You can be a smart person
And think about the beauty of nails:
Why is it fruitless to argue with the century?
The custom of a despot among people.
Second Chadayev, my Evgeny,
Afraid of jealous judgments
There was a pedant in his clothes
And what we called dandy.
He's three hours at least
I spent in front of the mirrors
And came out of the restroom
Like windy Venus
When, putting on a man's outfit,
The goddess goes to the masquerade.

Whose side is the poet on? On the side of Onegin? Yes, full! This womanizer in his diligent attire resembles a comically disguised goddess and can only cause laughter. With cheerful irony, Pushkin surrounds his hero, the verse calmly walks between sharp edges, and this elusive charm of liberty is the poetic equivalent of Russian reality, ingeniously captured by Pushkin for all time.

But certainly not the realities of the Academic Dictionary.

In the last taste of the toilet
Taking your curious gaze,
I could be in front of the learned light
Describe his outfit here;
Of course it would be bold
To describe my own business:
But "pantaloons, tailcoat, vest"
All these words are not in Russian:
And I see, I blame you,
That my poor syllable is already so
It could be much less colorful
With foreign words
Although I looked in the old days
To the Academic Dictionary.

"Pantaloons, tailcoat, waistcoat" have long taken root in Russian dictionaries and wardrobes, and it is good that Monsieur Baudouin did not enter into his head to look for something foreign in them, and Pushkin laughs with us, looking into the Academic Dictionary and knowing that there is nothing "such" there for a long time.

And what is in our abruptly changing speech? She decides for herself. After all, it was said a dozen lines above:

Why is it fruitless to argue with the century?

So today we, like Alexander Sergeevich once, are guessing: what will our century want, what will it decide?

And the century fluctuates.

Sergei Ozhegov was nicknamed Bogorodny

Ozhegov's Dictionary - strictly bibliographically "Dictionary of the Russian Language" (from 1949 to 1992 - 22 reprints, since 1992 - "Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language") today can be found in every intelligent Russian home. Its creator, the same age as the century, lived until 1964 and could appreciate the triumph of his brainchild. It seems that here is a lucky man: all his life he was engaged in what he loved and remained in the memory of people as a kind-hearted academician, with a classic beard, gentle manners and invariable courtesy in polemics.

Did the era help him?

I helped as much as I could. Having interrupted her university studies, she mobilized to the front of the Civil War and only in 1926 let her go to graduate school. The young scientist Sergei Ozhegov honestly tried to understand the nature of the time: he began to design the Dictionary of the Revolutionary Era. The revolutionary era waited for the release of this first purely Soviet dictionary, looked closely and by the middle of the 30s found an answer. That is, figuratively speaking, she barked at the compiler for "lack of Sovietness" and a bias towards "bourgeois and petty-bourgeois thinking." The scientist listened to all this and continued to work.

The Great Patriotic War found him at the Moscow Pedagogical Institute: during the day - leading classes, at night - on duty in an armed patrol.

The Dictionary was published in continuous editions. And the academician patiently refined each of them, following the inclusion of new vocabulary (and she pressed on) and correlating these innovations with the normative nature of the language (without which there is no language, but there is verbiage).

Until the end of his life, Sergei Ivanovich Ozhegov listened to reproaches: both for not expressing this novelty, and for not fighting off its pressure. I politely listened to both, continued to improve the Dictionary.

115 years ago, the future academician was born, whom those around him called Bogorodny for his impeccable benevolence. His Vocabulary remains a continual battlefield.

HEALING ANOTHER AGE. HEALING ANOTHER AGE. Spread. Disapproved. Live for a very long time, to a ripe old age, experiencing others. [ Dunyasha:] Well, you have lived in this world! [Petrovna:] I've been living for a long time, I'm healing someone else's age, it's time for my bones to rest(L. May. The Tsar's Bride). It seems that you will never die in this healing, blissful air, in a warm atmosphere, that is, you will not die from illness, but from old age, unless, and then, when you heal someone else's age(Goncharov. Frigate "Pallada"). - You are healing someone else's age ... In the next world, they have been looking for you for a long time with a lantern(Mamin-Sibiryak. Sisters).

• - 1. They talk about water when it begins to flow from the sea tide: "the water has healed." Conversely, when it begins to decrease: "the water trembled, fuse." 2. About the sea: free yourself from the ice ...

  Marine vocabulary

• - to whom and for whom. They are strangers to each other. A stranger to the party ...

  Management in Russian

• - Old Russian - a stranger, a stranger. Old Church Slavonic is a stranger. Common Slavic - tjudjь ...

  Etymological dictionary of the Russian language Semenov

• - General. Suf. derivative from * tjudъ "people", borrowing. from gotsk. lang. ; tj h, dj f, oh th after the fall of the reduced. Aliens were called Goths at first. Hence - “not my own; other "; Wed alien, alien ...

  Etymological dictionary of the Russian language

• - LIVE HOME. LIVE HOME. Outdated. Start living independently, having your own household, full of prosperity; run your own household ...

  Phraseological dictionary of the Russian literary language

• - heal / yu, -you / eat, ...

  Spelling dictionary of the Russian language

• - heal, | to begin to live, to begin to live; get a job with income, household. The neighbor healed well, but washed down. We will live too. | To deserve or earn money taken in advance, debt ...

  Dahl's Explanatory Dictionary

• - HIT 2, - oh; lived and lived, healed, lived and lived; owls. About a wound, a sore spot: tighten with skin, close. It will heal before the wedding ...

  Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary

• - HEALING, HEALING, HEALING. unverified. to heal in 1, 2 and 3 digits. The wound is gradually healing ...

  Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary

• Efremova's Explanatory Dictionary

• - heal I nesov. crossover outdated. 1. Work off the money given in advance by the owner, the employer. 2. Earn living in workers, servants. 3. Debt the owner for renting an apartment. II nes. non-transferable. Tighten skin ...

  Efremova's Explanatory Dictionary

• - heal up, -"...

  Russian spelling dictionary

• - There is no self-interest on someone else's threshing floor. See OWN -...
• - He lives a foreign age. It seizes someone else's age ...

  IN AND. Dahl. Russian proverbs

• - Narodn. 1. To live for a very long time, too long. DP, 355; AOC 3, 82; BalSok, 57; F 1, 52; Glukhov 1988, 44; Podyukov 1989, 76; POS 3, 65. 2. Be close to death. DP, 289 ...

  A large dictionary of Russian sayings

• - ...

  Word forms

"Healing someone else's age" in books

AT ANOTHER OVEN