Interesting facts about the structure of man and his body. The most interesting facts about a person: anatomy, physical abilities, unusual talents

23.06.2019

The human body is a complex and intricate system that has been studied by the best minds for several millennia. And this is an extremely interesting fact, because, despite this, our body is able to surprise even doctors, not to mention people without deep anatomical knowledge.

Brain

The impulses from the receptors to the brain arrive at an amazing speed of 275 kilometers per hour.

Our brain needs energy comparable to the energy of an ordinary light bulb to work.

The electronic equivalent of the memory capacity of the human brain can reach thousands of terabytes.

About 20% of the air from the blood stream goes to the work of the brain.

The brain is more active at night when we are sleeping than during the day when we are awake.

The higher the intelligence, the more dreams you have.

Neurons and brain tissue are capable of regeneration throughout our lives.

Different types of neurons transmit information at different rates.

The brain is not able to feel pain, it lacks pain receptors.

The brain tissue is four-fifths fluid.

Nails and hair

Women's hair is on average twice as thin as men's, in addition, the thickness and stiffness of the hair depends on race.

The beard and mustache grow faster than all other hair.

The average hair is able to withstand the weight of a 100 gram bar of chocolate.

Toenails grow 4 times slower than fingernails.

Every day a person falls from fifty to hundreds of hairs.

Blondes have the most hair, but they are thinner.

The nail on the middle finger grows the fastest, probably because this finger is the longest.

There is a lot of hair on the human body, as much as our closest primate relatives, just not all of them are so clearly visible.

One hair can stay in place for an average of three to seven years.

Human hair decomposes so slowly that it is virtually indestructible.

Before baldness becomes noticeable to others, a person loses more than 50% of the hairline.

Internal organs

The heartbeat generates enough pressure to send a stream of blood over a distance of 9 meters.

The small intestine is the largest internal organ in the human body.

The surface area of one human lung is approximately one-fifth of a football field.

Stomach acid can dissolve thin blades.

The total length of the human circulatory system is 96,500 kilometers. For comparison: the circumference of the Earth is only 40,000 kilometers.

The mucous membrane of the stomach is updated every three to four days.

Women's heartbeat is faster than men's.

Scientists have counted about 500 useful functions that the liver performs.

The diameter of the aorta is the same as the diameter of a garden hose.

The left lung is slightly smaller than the right one due to the fact that the heart is located on the left side.

A person is able to survive without a huge part of his internal organs, for example, the spleen, 75% of the liver, 80% of the intestines, stomach, kidney, lung and all the organs of the pelvic region. Of course, living without most of the internal organs is not easy, but possible.

The adrenal glands change their volume throughout a person's life.

Basic body functions

The air flow during a sneeze moves at a speed of 160 kilometers per hour.

During coughing, the air speed is reduced to 95 km / h.

A full bladder is the size of a large grapefruit.

Almost 75% of bowel movements consist of water.

Women blink twice as often as men.

Earwax is produced to keep the ears healthy.

There are about five hundred thousand sweat glands on the feet, which are capable of producing half a liter of sweat daily.

In a lifetime, a person secretes so much saliva that it can fill two Olympic pools.

The average person experiences flatulence attacks about 14 times a day.

Reproduction

The largest cell in the human body is the egg, and the smallest is the sperm.

Teeth begin to appear six months before the birth of a child.

Fingerprints appear in the embryo at a three-month period.

Pregnant women at the beginning of pregnancy see frequent dreams about frogs, house plants and worms.

Almost all babies are born with blue eyes.

In a comparative weight ratio, a newborn baby is stronger than a bull.

One in 2,000 babies is born with an already grown tooth.

Each of us spent half an hour of our existence in the form of a single-celled being.

Most men experience erections several times a night.

sense organs

After a hearty meal, hearing becomes worse.

About one third of humanity has perfect vision.

Unlike men, women have a more developed sense of smell.

If the product is not able to dissolve in saliva, we are not able to taste it.

A person is able to remember about 50 thousand different smells.

Even the slightest noise causes the pupils to dilate a little.

Each person has their own scent, which is completely unique; only twins don't have it. The smell of identical twins is identical.

old age and death

The ashes of a cremated body weigh an average of 4 kilograms.

Nails and hair do not grow after death, they seem longer due to the fact that the muscles and skin shrink.

By the age of 60, people lose about half of all their taste buds.

The size of the eyes does not change at all, but the nose and ears do not stop growing until death.

By the age of 60, more than half of men and slightly less than half of women begin to snore in their sleep.

A person remains conscious for 20 seconds after being decapitated.

Disease

Most often, according to statistics, heart attacks occur on Mondays.

A person can survive longer without food than without sleep.

Normal, mild sunburn can severely damage blood vessels.

Almost 90% of diseases can be either caused or complicated by stress.

Muscles and bones

To smile, you need to use 17 muscles, and to frown, 43.

In the morning we are 1 cm taller than at bedtime, due to the fact that the vertical position contributes to the pressure on the spine.

At birth, the number of bones is 300. Over time, some of them grow together, and an adult has fewer of them - 206.

The hardest bone is the jaw.

The strongest muscle in the human body is the tongue.

To take one step, a person must use 200 different muscles.

The tooth is the only part of the body that cannot heal itself.

It takes twice as long to lose newly acquired muscle as it does to gain muscle mass.

Bone is stronger than some steel alloys.

Of the 206 bones in the human body, 52 are in the feet.

Cells

About 16 million bacteria live on every square centimeter of skin.

The outer skin of a person is updated every 27 days.

Every day the human body produces 300 billion cells.

About 300 million cells die every minute in our body.

Every hour we shed about half a million particles of dead skin.

A person's tongue print is as unique as fingerprints.

There is enough iron in the human body to fuse a nail 7 centimeters long.

The most common blood type is the first. About half of the world's population has this type of blood.

The color of the lips is so bright because the capillaries in them are located directly under a thin layer of skin.

Miscellaneous

The size of a baby's head is 25% of the length of its entire body. The head size of an adult is only one-eighth of the height.

The colder it is in the bedroom, the more likely you are to have a nightmare.

Tears and mucus contain an enzyme that can destroy the shell of many bacteria, thus protecting us from infection.

In half an hour, the human body produces enough energy to bring 4 liters of water to a boil.

Our ears produce more wax when we are scared.

You can't tickle yourself.

The arm span usually matches the height.

Humans are the only representatives of the animal kingdom capable of crying because of emotions.

According to statistics, right-handers live 9 years longer than left-handers.

Women burn calories more slowly than men.

Koalas and primates also have unique fingerprints.

The depression between the nose and upper lip is called the philtrum. For what it is to us, scientists have not determined.

4 years ago, 21:38

There are a lot of "surprises" in the human body. Here are just a few figures and facts about the fascinating human anatomy and physiology.

The expression "scared to death" has its justification. In case of danger, the defense mechanisms of our body add adrenaline to the blood, which leads to improved blood supply to the muscles, dilated pupils and other “improvements”. However, adrenaline in large quantities is toxic to the body, so in some cases it can cause death.
Studies have shown that in Germany, on the days when the national team plays at the World Cup, the number of heart attacks increases sharply. And this is quite logical.
Breast cancer is not exclusively a disease for women, although men also suffer from it to a lesser extent. On average, there is one “male” case for every 100 “female” cases.
The size of the left breast in 90% of women is different from the size of the right. In most cases, this asymmetry is small, but sometimes it can reach such a magnitude that it brings significant moral and physical inconvenience to the owner.
Every day, 1,500,000 skin particles fall from us, which accumulate in washcloths, along with staphylococcus aureus, which is the main “skin” bacteria and can cause great trouble when it enters the body.
About three million microscopic creatures live on a square centimeter of our skin.
Our body produces enough heat in half an hour to boil a liter of water.
A stamp-sized piece of skin taken from the foreskin grows in three weeks so that the resulting grown skin is enough for three basketball fields.
Women's ovaries produce almost half a million eggs, with only about 400 having a chance of being fertilized.
The saliva in our mouth is alkaline. Without it, food residues and microorganisms in the oral cavity would quickly form an acidic environment that is extremely dangerous for teeth.
The dirtiest and most diversely inhabited by microorganisms place in our body is the mouth. More than 700 SPECIES of bacteria live in it, while their set, for example, among Americans and Swedes, is quite different.
A full stomach stretches to the size of a softball (up to 10 centimeters in diameter).
An adult human has more than 5,000,000 hairs on the surface of the skin - the same number as a gorilla.
A man's testicles produce 10 million sperm every day.
If you sneeze hard enough, you can "earn" a crack in the rib. If you try to hold back a sneeze, then the result will be even sadder - a rupture of a vessel in the head or neck.
Pubic lice are most often found on the pubis itself, but in some cases these cute animals can “frolic” on the hips, chest, and even on the eyelashes.
The human stomach is forced to renew its surface every day to replace the one affected by gastric juice, that is, hydrochloric acid.
Human stomach acid is aggressive enough to completely dissolve a razor blade in a week.
The largest human organ is its skin. This body covers an area of up to two square meters and is constantly updated. In a lifetime, a person produces about 17 kilograms of skin.
In the morning we get out of bed with a growth of almost a centimeter more than the "evening". During the day, the human spine is “trampled down” again, the gaps between the vertebral discs decrease again, and growth is restored.
The pressure that the heart creates in the circulatory system can raise blood to a height of up to 10 meters.
Surprisingly, our brains work no less when we sleep. and often more than during a daytime active lifestyle.
Worldwide, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD) is diagnosed on average in every tenth child.
Every day we lose 85,000 nerve cells, and only 50 new ones are created.
Babies don't have kneecaps, instead they have special cartilage on their knees. Only by the age of 3-5 years does it harden (ossify), turning into a kneecap.
A person can memorize up to 50,000 different smells.
Out of 2,000 babies, one is born with teeth or teeth-like formations. In some cases, they "resolve" themselves, sometimes they are replaced by permanent ones by 6 or 7 years.
A person can live without food for several weeks, but without sleep he will not live even 12 days.
Our brains stop growing after the age of 18.
Among people who use the services of Internet marriage agencies, at least a third are already married.
As a result of one survey conducted in the United States in 2004, it turned out that 60% of men agree to have sex for money, that is, to engage in prostitution, while 16% of them are satisfied with an amount of $ 150 or less.
Even though the penis is not a bone, it can be broken. This usually happens when the penis is in an erect state and a force is applied to it in an unusual direction. When this happens, a crackling sound can be heard, after which the penis swells and remains in a “broken” shape. This can usually be corrected with surgery.
70% of people pick their nose, thirty of them do not interrupt this fascinating process even while eating.
Only one tenth of the cells in our body are actually ours. The remaining 90% are microorganisms that live inside us and on our surface.
Any of us at the beginning of our lives consisted of a single cell for about 30 minutes.
A cigarette smoked shortens the life of a smoker by 11 minutes.
The quarter of a million pores that are on our feet secrete almost a quarter of a cup of sweat every day.
We produce enough saliva to fill two swimming pools in a lifetime.
Our liver is the largest gland (average mass is 1.2-1.5 kilograms), and performs at least 500 vital functions, and in addition, it has the ability to regenerate. If a fragment is cut off from the liver, it will “grow back” to its original size over time.
People living in the city have more earwax in their ears than their rural counterparts.
Believe it or not, fresh urine is cleaner than saliva or the surface of our skin. Urine in a healthy person is practically free of harmful bacteria.

Scientists - anthropologists, psychologists and others - have accumulated a huge number of amazing discoveries. American anthropologist Dr. Stephen Juan, who teaches anthropology and social sciences at the University of Sydney, published a whole series of books "Entertaining Anatomy", where he spoke about scientific facts, funny and useful, discovered not so long ago.

1. Fatal seducers and dictators are born with teeth.

Babies are usually born without teeth. This is what nature decreed - so that the mother does not reject the baby during feeding when she breastfeeds. But here's a fact: about one in two thousand babies is born with one erupted tooth. And then his feeding turns into a real torment for the mother. She automatically tries to feed him less often, less and generally wean him earlier. The baby just has to fight to eat.

From infancy, he develops a complex of the unaccepted into the world. And then in adulthood he tries to win it. Anthropologists have found that most of the world's dictatorial leaders were born with an erupted tooth. Julius Caesar, Hannibal, Napoleon, Mussolini, Hitler...

The pain of breastfeeding prevented mothers from giving these babies enough love. Therefore, such babies not only strive to conquer everyone and everything, but are also very jealous. They are afraid to lose love, and therefore don Juan of both sexes grow out of them, who want to be loved by more people. So they don't necessarily go into politics. They can go to the actors or just "rustle" other people's hearts in everyday life.

Salami creates a feeling of love, and alcohol in small doses stimulates creativity.

Alcohol consumption is very common in creative environments. And all why? It turns out that it stimulates the right hemisphere of the brain, which is responsible for imagination, visual images and non-standard creative moves. And at the initial stage of use, it contributes to creative discoveries.

And the left hemisphere, responsible for logic and memory, associated with responsibility and accuracy of details, plunges into a stupor. Therefore, an excess of alcohol creates a special kind of creativity - absolutely meaningless. Some scientists say that people with left-brain dominance even benefit from occasionally relaxing with a glass or two and turning on the right hemisphere.

It's also good to eat salami, which contains three times more phenylethylamine than chocolate. This is a mood-lifting substance, and with the participation of brain cells that are designed to work during love.

A tight tie affects vision

Our eyes work harder than any other organ. To understand what kind of load they have, imagine that you need to walk 80 kilometers in a day. Yes, the legs will fall off from such an impossible task! But the eyes do not fall off. Meanwhile, the sharpness of our vision depends on a bunch of factors.

For example, a tight tie can affect your eyesight. American scientists in the course of many years of research found that in 67% of men, visual impairment is associated precisely with a tightly tightened collar. Because blood flow to the eyes is limited in this way, it also affects blood pressure, which, in turn, also affects visual acuity.

And scientists advise to breathe deeply and evenly through the nose. This allows us to get more oxygen, which our eyes need so much. It has been proven that those who breathe correctly (through their nose and deeply) and do not smoke have better and longer vision.

If you laugh often, you can not go to the doctors

We start laughing at 12 weeks of age. Laughter is the highest form of defensive reaction. Freud believed that laughter helps us cope with lustful thoughts. And Charles Darwin generally singled out an important role in evolutionary development for laughter. Like, relieves stress and helps restore mental stability. Without laughter, we would all have gone crazy a long time ago and would not have made any progress.

Dr. Norman Cousins discovered that laughter helps restore health. And that is why, for example, in America, laughter therapy rooms and chambers of fun are open in hospitals. How does it happen? From a biochemical point of view, laughter suppresses the formation of cortisol, which negatively affects the immune system.

Laughter increases metabolism, stimulates muscle tissue and releases a lot of positive hormones into the blood. Laughter prevents depression, heart disease and raises the pain threshold. And, of course, in general, strengthens the immune system. There is even a saying that if you laugh every day, you won't need a doctor.

One recent study showed that laughter significantly increases the concentration of salivary immunoglobulin A (IgA). These are antibodies associated with resistance to respiratory diseases of the upper respiratory tract. In general, perhaps one day the time will come when, instead of a doctor, they will send for a clown.

You will sleep in two phases, you will become more harmonious

Does it happen that you wake up in the middle of the night and cannot fall asleep for an hour or two? You toss and turn and think that this is insomnia, and even struggle with it. But in fact, this is normal for the human body - a break in the middle of the night to wake up. Anthropologist Carol Wortman of Emory University has found that you need to sleep in two or even three phases.

The idea accepted in the modern world that you need to continuously sleep through the night is wrong. For example, in cultures that are far from civilization, they still go to bed at sunset, then wake up somewhere at midnight and chat about everything for an hour or two, even dance, make love, laugh around the fire, meditate, pray and go back to sleep. .

But the electric light knocked our biological schedules off. But in the Middle Ages, even special brochures were published for the nobility, which told what to do during the night break for wakefulness. European physicians of those times, for example, recommended sleeping on the right side during the first sleep, and on the left side during the second sleep. This, in their opinion, improved digestion. Animals, by the way, sleep in several steps.

Thomas Ver, a psychiatrist from the United States, conducted an experiment. He put the subjects in natural conditions, without electricity, and began to follow their schedule. At first they slept continuously for 11 hours, and then their sleep also fell into two phases. They fell asleep for four hours, then woke up, stayed awake for two hours and fell asleep again for four hours.

After the experiment, the volunteers began to feel more harmonious, calmer, their creativity and imagination improved. However, maybe this also happened because they lived in natural conditions and in complete safety with everything ready. In any of us, I think, in such a situation, complete harmony would come in the soul.

What else have scientists discovered?

You are healthy if you are able to understand another person

Psychiatrists and psychologists have invented many ways to find out if a person is healthy. There are a lot of criteria for mental health. But all tests have some flaws. And the main one is that you need to know the theory well in order to apply this or that more or less serious test in life. And any testing takes time. (Some stretch for the whole day.)

So, scientists have deduced one simple criterion for a mentally healthy person. It sounds both simple and complex at the same time: if you can accurately understand the other person's point of view, you are healthy.

Talents are revealed in the fifth ten

By the way, scientists also believe that the flowering of a person's intellectual life, as well as his psychological abilities, are fully capable of unfolding at the beginning of the fifth decade. At forty, the most interesting things in life are just beginning. Both in men and women.

You can die from lack of sleep and fame

an physiologically healthy person can die from lack of sleep. You just need not sleep for four days. Death from lack of sleep is preceded by complete disorientation and insanity. But, by the way, the fear of death is far from the worst. Only 31% of people are mortally afraid of death. And as many as 45% are scared to death of speaking in public. This is the so-called halophobia. So for almost half of the world's population, five minutes of fame can at least cause a severe neurosis.

Wounded in the heart don't always die

And more interesting facts about death. There is a widespread belief that if a person is stabbed in the heart, he will die. But it's not. Doctors testify that most of those wounded in the heart survive.

Also shorter people live longer. How to explain this, scientists do not yet know.

4 jpg images, 0.3 Mb.

Human Origins

Student's answer. Baby monitor. Fun lessons. Performed by: Nikolai Litvinov, Alexander Levenbuk, Alexander Livshits, Lev Shimelov, Vladimir Vinokur and others. Format: MP3. 00:16. 0.5 MB.

Basic level video tutorials

biosocial nature of man. Sciences of the human body. InternetUrok, mp4, 07:26, 25 Mb.

General overview of the human body. From this lesson you will learn:
- Organ definition
- Definition of the organ system
- Composition and functions of organ systems
- Musculoskeletal system
- Digestive system
- Respiratory system
- Urinary system
- Reproductive system
- Endocrine system
- Nervous system
- The cardiovascular system
- Integumentary system
- The immune system
Foxford Online Learning Center. The lesson is conducted by Nadezhda Viktorovna Levina.

mp4, 11:56, 70 Mb.

human body structure. InternetUrok, mp4, 04:11, 14 Mb.

Cell. Structure, chemical composition and vital activity. InternetUrok, mp4, 11:28, 38 Mb.

Video tutorials of the profile level

A brief overview of organ systems. Gambaryan, mp4, 25:13, 59 Mb.

The tissues of the human body. Dubynin. mp4, 14:39, 105 Mb.

Accelerated preparation for the exam, demonstration materials

01 Levels of organization of the human body.jpg Poster, jpg, 0.16 Mb.

02-1 – 02-4 General overview of the human body.jpg

03 Neurohumoral regulation of body functions.jpg

04-1 – 04-3 Glands of the human body.jpg

05 Animal cell.jpg Poster, jpg, 0.34 Mb.

The total volume is 1.6 MB.

Biology. Human. Atlas for grades 6-9. A textbook on human anatomy from a series of illustrated atlases for grades 6-9, created to support the school biology course. A large amount of information in visual and high-quality pictures and diagrams that help to visually understand the complex processes occurring inside the body. There is a lot of information, but it is presented very simply and succinctly.

This atlas will be useful both for 8th grade students studying anatomy at a basic level, and for 9th and 11th grade students preparing for exams.

For family viewing

Superman. The BBC documentary series "Superman" reveals to the viewer the secrets of the human body, its ability to renew and regenerate after serious illnesses, injuries and injuries. For the first time in history, a person not only admires the ability of his body to heal itself, but can also control them, thus improving nature itself.

Original Title: Superman Production: BBC. Format: AVI, 2.26 GB.

Popular science literature

Secrets of anatomy. Carol Donner, an American artist specializing in the popularization of medical literature, using the techniques of the adventure genre, expounds modern ideas about the structure and functions of the main organs and tissues of the human body with exceptional clarity.

Computer programs

My body. Anatomy and Physiology

Embark on an exciting journey through the human body - and an entire universe awaits you, living and functioning according to its own laws! The program "My body. Anatomy and Physiology” from the world-famous German publishing house Dorling Kindersley allows you to literally look inside the human body, study in detail the structure of the body, its main systems, their functions, chemical composition, and also get the most complete answers to the most curious questions. You will have the widest choice of interactive features at your disposal: x-rays, 3D models of the most important internal organs, which can be viewed from any angle, detailed tours of the main functional systems, hundreds of photographs and animations, photomicrographs and illustrations, interesting articles and amazing facts. After reviewing the materials of this program, any person from 12 years old will clearly understand how his body works, and will be able to answer any question regarding his own anatomy and physiology.

The computer requirements are minimal. Windows 2000/XP. Free space on HDD: 15 MB

Publisher: Dorling Kindersley, New Disc. 2006 Format: nrg. 677 MB.

Tissues and organs

Basic level video tutorials

fabrics. InternetUrok, mp4, 08:10, 27 Mb.

Organ systems in the body. Organization levels. InternetUrok, mp4, 06:11, 20 Mb.

Video tutorials of the profile level

Fabrics. CrashCourse, mp4, 10:43, 104 Mb.

Tissues, epithelium. CrashCourse, mp4, 10:16, 73 Mb.

Connective tissue. CrashCourse, mp4, 10:31, 82 Mb.

Cell specialization. Tissues and organs. Gambaryan. 1st lesson from the topic of fabrics. mp4, 25:35, 54 Mb.

Accelerated preparation for the exam, demonstration materials

01 Cover.jpg

02 Definition.jpg

03-1 – 03-2 Types of fabrics.jpg

04-1 – 04-8 Epithelial tissues.doc

05-1 – 05-9 Connective tissue.jpg

06-1 – 06-5 Muscle tissue.jpg

07-1 – 07-5 Nervous tissue.jpg

08 Bone Tissue.jpg

09 Organs and organ systems.jpg

The total volume is 4.9 MB.

Musculoskeletal system

General information

Basic level video tutorials

Development of the musculoskeletal system. Internet Lesson. mp4, 11:06, 49 Mb.

Human skeleton. Connection of bones. Head skeleton.

Infourok, mp4, 06:17, 49 Mb.

Accelerated preparation for the exam, demonstration materials

01 Cover.jpg

02 Parts and functions of the musculoskeletal system.jpg

03 Bones, muscles.jpg

04 Active and passive parts.jpg

05 Passive part.jpg

06 The main functions of the passive part of the musculoskeletal system.jpg

07 Types of joints.jpg

The total volume is 0.7 Mb.