Payments for the birth of a child in Serbia. Childbirth allowance in different countries of the world. States of East and South Asia
In all developed countries of the world, the state helps parents raise their children by providing certain benefits or material benefits. It should be noted that in different countries the need for state support is understood differently: in some countries, single parents can count on state support, first of all, single parents, in others - families with many children, and in others - families with low incomes.
Let's consider what childbirth benefits families in different countries are entitled to. To do this, study the following table.
Table of child benefits in different countries of the world
| Country | Birth allowance for 1 child | Birth allowance for 2 children | Birth allowance for 3 and subsequent children | Minimum wage | ||
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5965 rub. per month |
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CIS |
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1 466 230 Belarusian rubles per month |
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1218 hryvnia per month |
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European countries |
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from 7.5 to 8.2 euros per hour (depending on the sector) |
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No allowance is paid per child. |
At the birth of a second child, a monthly allowance of 120 euros is paid. |
At the birth of the third child, a monthly allowance is paid equal to 274 euros, the fourth child - 428 euros, the fifth child - 582 euros, and for each subsequent child - 154 euros. |
1343 euros per month |
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£1,005 (€1,202) per month |
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The amount of the child allowance is determined individually in each canton, based on the number of children in the family. The allowance for one child up to 16 years old can range from 165 to 330 euros, and the allowance for a child from 16 to 25 years old can range from 210 to 440 euros per month. |
CHF 2200 (€1900) per month |
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Not established by law, determined on the basis of collective agreements. |
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PLN 1317 (EUR 350) per month. |
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200 lats (285 euros) per month. |
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In the US, child support is not paid. The only exceptions are low-income citizens, for whom the child allowance is set individually. There is also no payment for the birth of a child in the United States. The only relief for citizens with children is the opportunity to receive tax benefits equal to $1,000 per year per child. |
$1,305 per month. |
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States of East and South Asia |
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Due to the fact that the problem of population decline is not relevant for India, there are no child benefits, as such, in this country. But since the problem of food shortages is acute, the government decided to pay pregnant women and mothers during the breastfeeding period benefits equal to $ 99, and also take measures to provide hot meals for children under 14 at the expense of the state. |
150 USD. |
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Only allowances are paid to parents with one child, which helps to stimulate a decline in the birth rate in the country. |
1500 yuan renminbi (190 euros). |
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| The allowance for the first two children is about $400. | The allowance for the third and each subsequent child is more than 700 US dollars. |
Not established by law, determined on the basis of collective agreements. |
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Other types of child benefits
As you can see, the amount of child benefits in most cases depends on the number of children in the family, as well as on their age. In addition to benefits for the birth of a child (children), as a rule, other types of child benefits are also paid.
For example, in Belarus, an allowance is paid for a disabled child up to three years old, a lump sum allowance for women who are registered in the early stages of pregnancy. In Ukraine, the following additional child allowances are paid: for pregnancy and childbirth, for the adoption of children, as well as allowances for single parents.
In Germany, additional child allowances include: allowances for single parents, grandparents raising grandchildren, allowances for foster parents, guardians and caregivers, allowances for disabled children under 25 years old.
In France, there is a babysitting allowance, families with children are provided with tax breaks, discounts on the use of transport and accommodation in recreational areas. In the UK, they pay a guardianship or guardianship allowance and allowances for children with disabilities. The Swedish authorities, in addition to the usual child allowances, pay housing allowances to families with children and make additional payments for having many children (if there is more than one child in the family).
In China, benefits are paid to orphans. In Japan, large families have the right to receive discounts in stores.
In the Russian Federation, parents can expect to receive the following additional child benefits:
- Allowance for a single parent: for a child from birth to 1.5 years old - 1600 rubles each. monthly; for a child from 1.5 to 3 years - 3200 rubles. monthly.
- Benefit for the children of military personnel, if they are conscripted for military service: for a child from birth to 1.5 years old - 1200 rubles each. monthly; for a child from 1.5 to 3 years - 2400 rubles. monthly.
- Allowance for children of parents who are wanted: for a child from birth to 1.5 years old - 1200 rubles each. monthly; for a child from 1.5 to 3 years - 2400 rubles. monthly.
- Allowance for low-income families with children - 250 rubles per child per month.
- One-time allowance for pregnancy and childbirth.
- A one-time allowance for those women who are registered before 12 weeks of pregnancy.
- Opportunity to receive compensation for the payment of kindergarten.
- Monthly payments to parents or guardians who care for a disabled child.
Both monthly allowances will be provided to families whose average per capita income does not exceed one and a half subsistence minimums in the region, and will be assigned for one year, then it will be necessary to submit a new application to extend payments until the child reaches one and a half years.
“It is important to note that the income of citizens to be assessed includes only current cash income, which is assessed for the previous year, divided by 12 months, in order to obtain an average monthly income. At the same time, we did not provide for accounting for any payments or any income from deposits in banks, from renting out property, that is, only current income, in the bill, ”said Maxim Topilin, Minister of Labor and Social Protection, presenting the bills at the plenary session.
About 105 billion rubles will be allocated to the budget of the Pension Fund to extend the mother capital program, the minister said. “Funds in the amount of 37 billion and 68 billion rubles. [for 2019 and 2020] are provided for in the federal budget and will be sent to the budget of the Pension Fund in the form of a standard scheme of interbudgetary transfers,” Topilin added.
The new payments will be financed from the reserve funds of the government and the president, already included in the budget for 2018-2020, Finance Minister Anton Siluanov told journalists earlier. “Changes to the draft federal budget for 2018-2020 due to the need to fulfill the instructions of the president in the field of demography will not be required,” he said.
The effect of demographic measures
New demographic policy measures, together with raising the minimum wage to the subsistence level, will reduce poverty and support economic growth, as they will further stimulate consumer demand and ensure the growth of young mothers' involvement in the labor market, Ministry of Economic Development.
Benefits in the amount of 10 thousand rubles. for the birth of the first child will not radically increase the birth rate, says the head of the Center for Social Demography and Economic Sociology of the Institute of Socio-Political Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences Sergey Ryazantsev. “Firstly, this amount is small. Secondly, not all people will respond to this measure, so the measure of a radical change in the wage system is still more effective. Without this, we will not advance further in demographic policy. When maternity capital was introduced, it affected the growth of second, third and subsequent births. This measure was overdue for a very long time, and the mass of the population that postponed the birth reacted. But it was such a cumulative effect. Now such a measure will not give a similar effect, ”he said.
Stimulus payments affect the birth rate for a short time, because they get used to them and they cease to be an incentive, Valery Elizarov, scientific director of the Center for the Study of Population Problems at the Faculty of Economics of Moscow State University, told RBC. “Such payments help those families who planned the birth of a child, but put it off. The main thing that these measures can do is to slow down the decline in the birth rate. In this sense, the birth rate is slightly increasing, but there will be no fundamental changes,” the expert said.
According to him, measures to support families with children from one and a half to three years old would be more practical. “In addition, I expected measures to support working parents, working women. You can increase the share of payments during the period of [maternity] leave to 50% [of average earnings], now it is 40%. Today, the level of family support is lower than it was in the mid-1990s,” concluded Valery Elizarov.
"Demographic payment" as an award from the state for their contribution to increasing the birth rate, will receive all mothers in Serbia with three children.All mothers who will have three children at the time of entry into force of the future civil code will receive a "demographic payment" until the third child comes of age. Both working and unemployed mothers will receive monthly payments, regardless of whether they are married.
The decision on "payment for the third child" will be applied as of the moment the code comes into force, as well as for any third child born after the entry into force of the code, Politika was told in the government commission for the development of the civil code of Serbia.
The "demographic payment", as a reward from the state to mothers who have given birth to three children, will not be paid retrospectively, that is, retroactively. So, for example, if, at the time the law comes into force, the third child is three years old, then the mother will receive this payment for 15 years.
Many families with three children rejoiced at this important news, but they all ask when this civil code will be adopted and come into force. Given that the public discussion will last until the end of the year, it can be expected that already in the first half of 2012 the government will approve the final draft of the code and it will be adopted before the middle of the year. Mothers whose third children will come of age during this time will be left without any payments from the state for their contribution to increasing the birth rate.
At the same time, families with young third children are eagerly awaiting the new law, and for many couples with two children, perhaps this very decision will become an incentive to increase the family.
“A mother who has given birth to three children is entitled to a “demographic payment” until the third child reaches the age of majority, in the amount that the Ministry of Finance will approve every year,” is written in chapter 6 of the section on family relations of the future civil code.
The government commission says that this payment will be at least 20,000 dinars, and it is impossible to predict the exact figure, given inflation and other circumstances.
All other details of government measures to stimulate the birth rate will be recorded separately, since there have not yet been concrete proposals to ease the tax burden of parents or to calculate the length of service of mothers with many children.
“The state should stimulate the birth of children with financial, tax, economic, social measures, as well as measures in the field of labor law,” the future civil code states. Further, it is specified that all measures to stimulate the birth rate will be described in special resolutions.
For many years, the protection of the family and the stimulation of the birth rate have been formally declared, but at the same time, not a single legal act, not a single law prescribes specific benefits and concessions for parents with many children. This is unacceptable, especially since we know that Serbia is dying out due to a low birth rate, says Dr. Olga Cvejich-Jancic, professor of family law and member of the commission for the development of the civil code.
It would be logical, she says, for mothers receiving a "demographic payment" to be counted for seniority, but this should be taken into account in the Labor Relations Act.
Mothers will receive the payment regardless of whether the third child is born in the first second or any subsequent marriage or out of wedlock. The total number of children is taken into account, our interlocutor explains, noting that the possibility of payments to single fathers will also be considered. Raising three children.
The goal is to increase the birth rate, and this cannot be achieved with words and slogans, only with concrete actions of the state, Professor Cvejic-Jancic believes.
When it comes to mothers with four, five or more children, the state will not stimulate them in any way, leaving them to "fairy tales" of child payments and other minor social benefits.
The Office of Statistics published data on the population of Serbia in 2010. The natural increase in the population of Serbia (the difference between newborns and deaths) is negative and is minus 35. On June 30, 2010, there were 7,291,436 inhabitants in Serbia, including 68,304 newborns, during this period (preceding 12 months) 103,211 citizens died Serbia
Alexandra Petrovich
Translation - Srpska.Ru
State registration of the birth of a child in the consular section of the Russian Embassy in Serbia is carried out only if both parents are citizens of the Russian Federation.
Registration of the birth of a child is carried out within 1 month after the birth of the child.
During the state registration of birth, the following documents are submitted to the consul for the preparation of the record of the birth certificate:
a) a document (original) of the established form of birth, issued by the medical organization in which the birth took place, or the doctor of which provided medical care during childbirth, or to which the mother applied after the birth, or by a person engaged in private medical practice - in case of childbirth outside the medical organization ; statement of a person who was present at the birth outside a medical organization and without medical assistance; a court decision on establishing the fact of birth, if there is no document of the established form on the birth of a child.
The document must be translated into Russian by a court translator. The accuracy of the translation must be notarized in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation - by a notary in Russia or in the consular department of the Embassy on the day of application.
b) documents proving the identity of the parents (foreign and internal passports);
c) a document that is the basis for entering information about the father into the record of the birth of the child (certificate of marriage between the parents; joint statement of the parents of the child on the establishment of paternity, if paternity is established and registered simultaneously with the state registration of the birth of the child; statement of the mother who is not a married, if paternity of the child is not established);
d) a completed application of the appropriate form:
To apply for a passport for a child on the day of applying for a birth certificate, you must submit:
1. Passport of the parent-applicant (foreign and domestic);
2. Birth certificate of the child (issued at the consular department after birth registration);
3. Application for registration of citizenship for a child, filled out through the website of the embassy (section "consular department" - "citizenship" - "Citizenship of the Russian Federation by birth on the basis of Article 12, part 1, paragraph "a" - both parents or a single parent - citizens of the Russian Federation");
Each new day brings its own changes, many events take place, some of which we may not always be ready for. A new day means new joys, resentments, stresses, new acquaintances and communication with many people. The pace of life has now changed a lot and has become much faster.
In order to always remain strong and be able to withstand all the possible difficulties that occur in life, it is necessary that close and dear people are always nearby.
It is necessary that there is someone nearby who can lend a shoulder and lend a helping hand, support and share the joy. In this case, only the family can become exactly that helping hand and support that no person can do without.
In Serbia, they understand perfectly how important it is to always have relatives and close people nearby. In this country, people had to go through a lot, and therefore, from the very childhood, children are brought up with love, warmth and understanding of how important it is that loved ones are always together, and mutual understanding reigns in the family.
A Serbian family usually does not have more than two or three children, and the first child in the family appears quite early. However, it is desirable that the family is already financially well-off when a child appears in the family. In Serbia, the upbringing of children is started already when the child is still in the mother's stomach.
It is believed that at this time the child can already perceive everything that is said to him. Expectant mothers begin to talk to their babies, tell them stories and sing songs. There are very beautiful songs in Serbia and the Serbs themselves sing a lot, so a child should know and hear the beauty of national songs even before his birth.
The birth of a child is a holiday in any family, and in Serbia it is a celebration to which relatives, friends, relatives are invited, all this is accompanied by rituals. No less magnificently celebrated are the first birthday of the baby, his first tooth and first step, as well as christening.
In some villages, the use of rituals for each of these events is still preserved, but in cities, in most cases, it is simply customary to celebrate all these events at the table with friends and relatives and give gifts to the child.
Almost all Serbian women breastfeed their children until they are one year old. However, in the past, children were usually not weaned even before the age of five, especially if the child was sick or suffered from weak immunity.
For Serbs, the birth of a boy is preferable to a girl, who is perceived as a stranger. Boys are the successors of the family, fathers can be proud that their family will not die and that the son will continue the male line. Boys, even after birth, are dressed in their father's shirt.
Serbs have a slightly different approach to raising children than other nations. Children do not feel parental strictness, they are more free and can do whatever they want. For children, there is almost no such thing as a daily routine, when you need to get up or go to bed at a certain time, eat food or go for a walk. The reason for this upbringing is the Serbian women themselves, who have a very soft and calm character.
Mothers in Serbia cannot stay with a baby for very long, because parental leave lasts only a year. It is possible to extend it to three years, but the next two years are not paid by the state, unless the employer wants to provide payment for parental leave. However, most women go to work after a year.
Grandparents in this case become nannies until the child reaches the age when it can be sent to kindergarten. Already in kindergarten, the child begins to receive education, and much attention is paid primarily to music, drawing and foreign languages.
All children learn English, starting from kindergarten, and even parents themselves can begin to give some knowledge of foreign languages to their children. Further, the baton is already taken by the school, where they already receive a deeper knowledge of a foreign language, as well as higher educational institutions.
Quite often, Serbs leave their country and go abroad to work, in these cases, knowledge of foreign languages helps a lot. Many parents also try to send their children abroad, at least for a short time, so that they can quickly get used to and get more practice in a foreign language.
Parting with parents, although not for a long time, is a test for children and for the parents themselves, but this helps children quickly get used to a foreign environment, which will be very useful in the future, when they often have to travel to other countries for work.
If a Serbian family goes abroad to work and stays there permanently, then relatives try to visit as often as possible in order not to lose family and family ties. The whole family also gathers for family holidays, such as weddings, christenings, and the birth of children.
Christening is one of the most solemn holidays in Serbia. Godparents are chosen from neighbors or friends, but not relatives. It can even be the godparents of the child.
There is such a sign that the child will do the same in his life as his godfather, and therefore the godfather is chosen very carefully. This should be a respected person who has a prestigious job and a good profession. Godparents become family members and very often they can visit their godson and give him gifts.
Children in Serbia live with their parents until they can start living independently and become financially independent. The daughter leaves the parental home when she gets married.
However, even after children have families and children of their own, they continue to listen to what adults tell them. Parents are always ready to help and support their children, even if they are already fully on their feet and can live independently.