Signs of normal early pregnancy. Allocations in the early stages. Normal or pathological? Influence of the uterus on adjacent organs

Pregnancy is a diagnosis, and the diagnosis in translation means "management tactics". Indeed, pregnancy leaves an imprint on the entire body of a woman as a whole, since at this time intense changes occur in all organs and systems of her body.

In addition, pregnancy is a contraindication for prescribing certain drugs, which is especially important for doctors of other specialties to consider. During pregnancy (signs of pregnancy in the early stages before the delay are especially important here, that is, the very beginning of a new life), fluorographic or any other X-ray examination, which can be prescribed to a woman if it is not known that she is not known, is contraindicated.

Therefore, the timely identification of the fact of pregnancy is very important, since the correct management of pregnancy from the earliest dates is the key to its successful completion - the birth of a living, viable child. Based on this, knowledge of the early signs of pregnancy is important both for the patient herself and for doctors of various specialties. This is what our article will be about.

The main directions of pregnancy diagnosis

Often, the diagnosis of pregnancy in a short period of time presents significant difficulties, since the early signs of pregnancy detected before the delay in menstruation are not very specific and can be observed in other conditions and diseases. Diseases of the endocrine glands, neuropsychiatric disorders, stressful situations, taking certain medications can simulate pregnancy, which misleads both the doctor and the patient.

The observed hormonal changes during pregnancy lead to the appearance of new subjective sensations, as well as to certain objective changes, which are determined by the doctor. In addition to detecting these signs of pregnancy in the early stages, additional research methods are used, which include ultrasound examination and determination of the level of chorionic gonadotropin in the urine (urine pregnancy test, which can be qualitative and quantitative) and in the blood. These are laboratory signs of pregnancy that can be detected.

But the establishment of the fact of pregnancy still does not allow to put an end to the diagnostic search. At the next stage, it is important to establish where the ovum is localized (in the uterus or outside it), as well as whether pregnancy is developing, that is, to exclude a non-developing pregnancy.

Thus, the diagnostic search includes three directions:

• diagnosis of pregnancy;
• determination of the site of implantation of the ovum;
• determination of the heartbeat of the embryo / fetus (an embryo is called a fetal egg up to 8 weeks of development).

Methods of examination of pregnant women

What are the early signs of pregnancy and how to identify them? This is the main question that worries many women trying to get pregnant. First, let's look at how you can identify the signs of pregnancy.

The detection of pregnancy is based on the assessment of:

• complaints and subjective feelings of a woman;
• an objective examination of a woman, which includes an examination of the mammary glands and a vaginal examination (using mirrors and two-handed examination);
• the results of additional research methods (ultrasound, blood and urine tests).

Let us dwell in more detail on additional research methods, since the first signs of early pregnancy are difficult to diagnose using a conventional clinical study (questioning, examination, palpation, etc.).

Ultrasound examination allows you to establish the fact of pregnancy, its localization, as well as the presence of an embryo's heartbeat, that is, it solves all three main tasks of diagnostic search. The most reliable and early information can be obtained if the study is carried out using a vaginal probe. It is important to establish the presence of a heartbeat before 8 weeks of pregnancy, since by this time the heart of the embryo has already been laid.

If by this time there is no fetal heartbeat, then, most likely, the pregnancy has frozen (non-developing pregnancy).

Determination of chorionic gonadotropin in the blood or urine (a sign of pregnancy in the early stages - 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks) allows you to diagnose the presence of a fetal egg. However, it does not give exact information about the place of its implantation. This can only be indirectly judged - the inconsistency of the level of this hormone (less than the norm) with the expected gestational age.

The same can be said for the viability of the product of conception. If the content of chorionic gonadotropin corresponds to the gestational age, then the pregnancy develops normally, and if it is less than the norm, then one must think about either a frozen pregnancy or an ectopic pregnancy.

Very rarely, there can be a significant increase in this hormone, which is regarded as a serious pathology and indicates cystic drift or chorionic carcinoma. This is a type of the so-called trophoblastic disease, which belongs to cancer. A slight increase in chorionic gonadotropin is the earliest sign of twin pregnancy, that is, it does not characterize pathology.

Subjective signs of pregnancy

Subjective signs of pregnancy are signs of early pregnancy, which are called dubious signs in the medical literature. The woman herself tells about these signs. Their appearance is associated with hormonal changes that occur in the maternal body if the egg is fertilized by a sperm. For the same reason, objective symptoms appear, which the doctor reveals during a thorough examination of the woman.

They are the second most important in the diagnostic search and are called probable signs of pregnancy. The most reliable are reliable signs that are determined only in the second half of pregnancy.

These include:

• fetal movements felt by the doctor;
• fetal heartbeat;
• palpation (groping) of small parts of the fetus.

So, back to early pregnancy signs. These include the following subjective sensations:

• nausea and vomiting (up to 2 times a day is regarded as a variant of the norm, more than 2 times - as a symptom of early toxicosis);
• change in taste sensations (adherence to a certain type of food and aversion to other types);
• increased or decreased appetite;
• change in sense of smell (hypersensitivity to perfumery products, tobacco smoke intolerance);
• increased irritability;
• frequent mood swings;
• general weakness;
• drowsiness, including during the day;
• non-intense headaches and dizziness associated with decreased vascular tone;
• increased painless urination;
• engorgement of the mammary glands and their slight increase;
• the appearance of increased pigmentation along the white (middle) line of the abdomen, on the face, on the nipples;
• the appearance of stretch bands, which are due to the influence of glucocorticoid hormones.

This is how pregnancy manifests itself in the early stages, and the signs before and after a delay in menstruation, which are detected, often require additional research methods. In this case, the earliest sign of pregnancy from additional research methods is the appearance of chorionic gonadotropin in the blood or urine, as discussed above.

Enlargement of the uterus

An enlarged uterus is a likely sign of early pregnancy. The growth of the uterus is associated with the growth of the embryo and extraembryonic structures (chorion, amnion, yolk sac). This symptom in the early stages of pregnancy can be established from 2 weeks. We are talking about two weeks from conception, which corresponds to 4 obstetric weeks.

In addition to the enlargement of the uterus, its shape, consistency and reaction to various stimuli change. Before the era of ultrasound, these changes were regarded as very early signs of pregnancy, which, with a high degree of probability, indicate the conception and implantation of the ovum. The pregnant uterus has an asymmetric shape, that is, it has a protrusion in the place where the ovum has penetrated.

Such a uterus is soft, since progesterone, which is released in large quantities during pregnancy, relaxes the smooth muscles (especially the uterus). This leads to its increased mobility. The uterus in a pregnant state is able to actively respond to external stimuli, therefore, with a two-handed examination, it first becomes toned, and then immediately relaxes.

In addition, during a vaginal examination in order to detect early pregnancy, it is also important to assess the discharge. In pregnant women, they have a white appearance and a thick consistency, since progesterone changes the nature of the vaginal secretion. With a complicated course of pregnancy, their nature can change - they either become mucous (this may indicate an increase in estrogen and a decrease in progesterone), or bloody.

Bloody discharge from the genital tract most often indicates the threat of termination of pregnancy, therefore, to maintain it, immediate treatment is required, which includes the appointment of antispasmodics, hemostatic agents and progestogenic drugs (Duphaston, Utrozhestan, Progesterone). Gestagens are able to influence immune processes, which play a very important role in the normal development of pregnancy.

Purulent discharge and early signs of pregnancy are also a reason for contacting an obstetrician-gynecologist, as they can lead to infection of the ovum, which can be implemented into pathology at an early stage or at a later date.

Infection in the early stages of pregnancy is manifested by a non-developing pregnancy or miscarriage, and in the later stages it leads to premature birth, intrauterine infections, placental insufficiency with its consequences (delayed fetal development and intrauterine fetal hypoxia). Most often, up to 12 weeks of pregnancy, local therapy in the form of suppositories, cream is prescribed to combat purulent discharge, so that systemic drugs do not have a negative effect on the developing fetus and do not lead to anomalies in its development.

A period of up to 12 weeks is critical, since at this time all organs and systems are laid down and their primary differentiation, therefore, at this time, a pregnant woman should not take any medications if possible. In this regard, the earliest signs of pregnancy before a delay in menstruation should be known to every woman who goes to the doctor with a particular disease. She must warn the doctor about them so as not to harm the fetus with the prescribed treatment.

Diarrhea and pregnancy

The above dubious symptoms that can cause inconvenience to a woman are signs of early pregnancy, and diarrhea, which may be in some women, most often indicates pathology. It is associated either with food poisoning, or with intestinal infection, less often with chronic pathology of the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, the statement that diarrhea is a sign of pregnancy is a misconception.

Miscarriage

It is important to identify the first signs of early pregnancy in women suffering from miscarriage, since such women need the earliest possible initiation of therapy aimed at maintaining the pregnancy.

Miscarriage should be talked about in cases where a woman has had two or more pregnancy losses in a row. As a rule, such patients are examined outside of pregnancy in order to identify the reasons for its termination. Knowing the exact cause can prevent its effect on the newly fertilized egg. Such early treatment contributes to the preservation of pregnancy and the birth of healthy, viable babies.

Thus, the first signs of pregnancy at an early stage help to timely diagnose the fact of pregnancy in order to optimize the management of such a patient. An obstetrician-gynecologist diagnoses pregnancy and makes an appropriate entry in the medical documentation.

After that, a special approach is applied to such a woman - the risks of prescribing certain medications, certain examination methods are assessed, and, if possible, complications of pregnancy are prevented, which can lead to unpleasant consequences.

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Feeling a slight malaise, a woman is sometimes in doubt: are these symptoms the first signs of pregnancy?

To be sure, you need to know exactly how the pregnancy develops, what clinical picture is typical for the early stages, and how you can make sure of the presence of pregnancy using modern methods.

A mature egg is released from the ovary into the fallopian tube. Under appropriate conditions, it is fertilized with the most active sperm.

In this case, fertilization can be slightly "delayed" in time. Sometimes this requires several days, since sperm move at a speed of about 2 cm / hour.

From the moment of fertilization, the zygote begins to divide. From each of its cells, 2 new ones are born.

The fission process is extremely fast. Already by the 8th week of pregnancy, the embryo has established the basic life support systems.

However, the zygote is not only divided. She needs to find a place where she can attach to the wall and continue to grow without lack of nutrients. Therefore, the fertilized egg continues its path through the fallopian tube, slowly approaching the uterus.

This journey takes 1-2 weeks. Only after implantation of the embryo can we talk about the onset of pregnancy.

The first likely signs of pregnancy

While the egg is traveling through the fallopian tube, the woman's body carefully prepares for pregnancy.

As a result, the hormonal background changes, which has a significant effect on chemical reactions and blood composition.

At this moment, the woman begins to feel the first signs that allow judging the beginning of pregnancy. They can be characterized as hypothetical, since at this stage the pregnancy has not yet received confirmation.

• Soreness in the pelvic area.

In the earliest stages of pregnancy, the stomach most often hurts at the time of implantation of the ovum.

At this time, there may be a slight tingling sensation on the side where the egg is attached.

• Unusual vaginal discharge.

This is another sign of early pregnancy.

Their color may change somewhat. The discharge is often whitish and more abundant. This is due to the high production of progesterone.

If the discharge resembles curdled mass, smells unpleasant and causes itching, it is necessary to be examined for. can sometimes provoke a miscarriage. - a sign of a genital infection.

The discomfort is due to swelling of the mammary glands. The areola of the nipple becomes especially sensitive.

Often women complain that the pain is caused by a simple touch of the nipple. It is considered a very dubious sign.

Even the same woman with her first child may have severe chest pains as a symptom of pregnancy, and a sign of a second pregnancy in the early stages may, on the contrary, be a complete absence of painful sensations.

• Change in taste.

This sign of pregnancy appears after a delay in menstruation.

Previously favorite foods cause disgust and bouts of nausea. Sometimes a woman is sincerely surprised why the sight of a fried chicken leads to vomiting, and the smell of laundry soap seems like a heavenly aroma.

Similar signs are evidence of hormonal changes and. Adaptation of the organism proceeds according to the individual scheme. In one woman, the urge to vomit may be absent, in another, the smell and type of food leads to indomitable vomiting.

To reduce unpleasant symptoms, it is often enough to eliminate their cause by getting rid of foods that provoke attacks of nausea, as well as spending enough time for walking and sleeping.

Severe toxicosis with repeated vomiting can be a sign of multiple pregnancy.

• Feeling completely overwhelmed.

Many women at the beginning of pregnancy have a constant urge to cry or throw a tantrum. This state is characteristic of almost every woman in an "interesting" position. Apathy, depression and fatigue will go away as soon as the body's adaptation to new conditions is completed.

• Changes in the work of the digestive system.

Many women will feel what a change in intestinal microflora means. Possible diarrhea and constipation, bloating, increased flatulence.

• Frequent urination.

The growth of the zygote significantly affects the organs located near the uterus, in particular, the bladder. Therefore, frequent urination is observed already from the 5th week, when the uterus begins to rapidly increase in size, and continues until the 12-13th week.

In addition, the bladder now responds to a smaller volume of fluid due to the rush of blood to the pelvis.

• Easy.

The malaise is often accompanied by sinus congestion and chills common to SARS.

If within a few days the condition does not worsen and the cold does not manifest itself in full glory, one can suspect that the change in the hormonal background inherent in pregnancy is to blame.

• Decreased tone of blood vessels.

In this case, the woman complains of weakness, dizziness and headaches.

Hypotension also negatively affects the fetus, as it does not receive the required amount of oxygen and nutrients.

If hypotension can be caused by pregnancy, hypertension is a disease caused by other causes. In any case, an examination and appropriate treatment are necessary under the supervision of a gynecologist.

The list of the listed symptoms can be supplemented by external signs of pregnancy. Already in the first week after conception, the condition of the skin may change.

Often the T-zone of the face and the areola of the nipple darkens due to increased pigmentation. By the end of the first trimester, a dark line will be visible on the skin, stretching from the fundus of the uterus to the pubis.

The work of the sebaceous glands can normalize and acne almost completely disappears. Unusual signs of pregnancy include increased sweating, brittle hair and nails.

The condition of the teeth often worsens. All these signs appear as a consequence of the development of the fetus. The child takes from the mother's body the substances necessary for its own development.

You can improve your appearance by resorting to a balanced diet with lots of fruits and vegetables.

It is better to consult a gynecologist who will advise which ones to take.

Personal experience

My first pregnancy came when I was 19 years old. This is not counting two attempts when miscarriages happened. How happy I was when I saw the cherished 2 strips on the dough.

Taking into account that I was once diagnosed with infertility (and no doctor can make it 100%), I did not try to get pregnant fanatically. This is probably why she did not attach particular importance to the primary signs. As it turned out later, it was only at the 6th week of pregnancy that I felt that the body began to change.

Before menstruation, one in two girls may experience a rash on the face and pain in the mammary glands. After the end of the cycle, the pain goes away. It remained just as strong for me, sometimes it was impossible to sleep on my stomach. Mom immediately noticed an increase in breasts by one size. To say that I got better - no. I then lost about 10 kg due to stress, treatment, etc.

My husband often began to reproach me for feeling unwell - I slept a lot, my appetite disappeared, I became very moody. The latter factor is not manifested in all girls. At the same time, sexual intercourse, even at such an early date, caused a lot of inconvenience. This worried me.

But because of my convictions, I thought that this was the usual fatigue due to work, lack of sleep and problems at work. I couldn't relax. and, of course, the delay. Although, according to my calculations, I got pregnant just in the last days of menstruation, some kind of miracle.

I did not betray much value, because for me it was normal - hormonal disruptions, and other problems. If it were not for my mother, who believed in fortitude, I would not have taken the test and found my baby at 6 weeks old.

With the second pregnancy, everything was different. I was 20 years old, still young, inexperienced. Since I was breastfeeding my first child, the pregnancy occurred during lactation. There was no less milk, but already at 2-3 weeks I felt pain in my stomach.

This fact was used to create special strips showing an excess of the concentration of chorionic gonadotropin.

A too bright second strip on the test can be a sign of twin pregnancy.

With kidney disease or heavy fluid intake, the test may show an incorrect result. Therefore, it is recommended to repeat the procedure after 2-3 days.

A home test is not a substitute for medical diagnosis. The chorionic gonadotropin contains alpha and beta-hCG.

The presence of pregnancy can be judged by an increase in the concentration of beta-hCG. Therefore, within 8-12 days after the date of the alleged conception, a blood test for hCG will dispel your doubts.

Every 2 days there is a twofold increase in the concentration of the hormone. A similar dynamics is observed up to 7-10 weeks. Then, the indicator begins to slowly decline.

In parallel with the blood test, it is recommended to undergo an ultrasound examination.

If conventional ultrasound is able to recognize pregnancy 15-20 days after the delay, transvaginal ultrasound, a method of introducing a special sensor through the vagina, gives the result 10-14 days after the delay.

At 8-10 weeks of pregnancy, an ultrasound scan of the abdomen can show a fertilized egg. However, it is not always with the help of ultrasound that the determination of pregnancy is 100% reliable. The reason for this may be outdated equipment or low qualification of personnel.

Sometimes pregnancy is confused with fibroids. Old equipment simply isn't capable of considering early pregnancy. Even doctors warn that it is worth conducting research no earlier than the 10th day after the delay, in order to reduce the likelihood of error.

What are the initial signs of a multiple pregnancy?

It can be recognized already on the basis of the first signs.

So, many women complain of excessive fatigue and drowsiness.

This condition lasts much longer than in a normal pregnancy. The body is under heavy stress, carrying twins.

To feed the embryos, you need 2 times more oxygen and other substances that are taken from a woman.

It is possible that toxicosis will manifest itself much earlier and more strongly. However, this symptom develops individually and a healthy woman with multiple pregnancies may not feel unwell.

Since 2 or more embryos develop, the production of hCG is especially intense. Therefore, a pregnancy test can give a striking result in the form of a bold and distinct strip.

Multiple pregnancies are determined fairly accurately by the AFP test.

Alphafetoprotein is an embryonic protein that is produced by the gastrointestinal tract and the liver of the fetus after the 5th week of pregnancy.

Protein is also present in the woman's blood, its indicator proportionally increases with the growth of the fetus. Exceeding the permissible concentration usually indicates abnormalities in the development of the fetus, but it can also be a sign of multiple pregnancies.

Two developing embryos provide rapid weight gain. An increase in the entire pregnancy of about 12 kilograms is considered normal. A woman pregnant with twins gains 16-21 kilograms

If ultrasound is considered a sufficiently accurate method for detecting a normal pregnancy, the device is not able to "view" twins in the early stages. Therefore, twins can be guaranteed with confidence only at 5-6 weeks, when the heartbeat of the embryos can be detected.

In order for the pregnancy to proceed without risks and to successfully end with the birth of a healthy baby, after the first signs appear, it is necessary to register with a gynecological consultation.

As much as you would like it, it is impossible to determine whether a woman conceived a child the very next day after intercourse. The egg is fertilized within 10-12 hours after ovulation. However, the hormone chorionic gonadotropin, which appears in the body only during pregnancy, begins to be produced only on the seventh day after fertilization. But it is on the presence of this hormone that the effect of pregnancy tests is based. Many women make the mistake of thinking that the next day they will be able to find out if they have conceived a child or not. The test will be able to give the correct answer only on the eighth day after intimacy.

Hormonal changes occurring in a woman's body as a result of conception are the causes of the first symptoms of pregnancy. They can appear at different times for each woman. For some, pregnancy is easy, and she practically does not feel anything until 6-7 months. And someone already after a week begins to feel unwell. Every woman's body is special.

There are a number of signs by which you can determine the presence of early pregnancy.

Early pregnancy signs

Signs of pregnancy	Description
Lack of menstruation	The absence of critical days in due time has long been considered the most obvious factor in a woman becoming pregnant. But other reasons should not be ruled out. Severe stress, taking hormonal medications, a serious illness, an unhealthy lifestyle - all this can also provoke the absence of "red days". There are also cases when, despite pregnancy, menstruation still persisted for the first 3-4 months.
Malaise and nausea	In the first months of pregnancy, symptoms such as weakness, lethargy, and nausea are quite common. Most often this is typical for the morning, when a woman, after waking up, feels her legs give way, she has no strength to do anything. You can vomit any day, but most often also in the morning. For many women, this symptom usually only lasts for the first couple of months. There are cases when they continued right up to the very birth. Some are lucky, and they never know what weakness in the morning is.
Elevated basal temperature	Few women pay attention to this symptom. There are not so many people who want to periodically measure the temperature in their anus. However, this is one of the ways to establish pregnancy. When a child is conceived, the basal temperature rises and remains high throughout the entire period
Frequent urge to use the toilet	Frequent urination is one of the surest signs of pregnancy. The hormone gonadotropin, which is produced during pregnancy, is also responsible for increasing blood flow to the pelvis. Therefore, so often a woman in a position wants to go to the restroom. Even if the bladder is almost empty, she feels the urge to use the toilet.
Aggravated sense of smell	In the early stages, many women notice a strange feature in themselves. They begin to perceive the surrounding smells in a completely different way. For no apparent reason, many familiar scents, especially food, begin to irritate and even disgust.
Constipation	Quite often, a woman who becomes pregnant is worried about the inability to go to the toilet in large quantities. Constipation and frequent gasping becomes a real headache. But this problem is easily solved with safe drugs. But before taking medications, you should definitely consult your doctor, since not all of them are safe for pregnant women.
Change in taste	Hormonal changes can even affect taste buds. What used to be sweet can be dramatically bitter. Or vice versa. Perhaps this is why women are becoming so selective about their food.
Skin inflammations	The release of hormones can dramatically increase the amount of skin inflammation. Acne and blackheads on the face are often associated with pregnant women. Various cosmetics are useless here. Therefore, if before a woman did not notice skin problems, rashes may indicate the conception of a baby.
Increased emotionality	The irritability of pregnant women has long been a parable among husbands. A sharp change in mood, incomprehensible anger, mysterious gaiety - all this is a consequence of a change in the hormonal background in a woman's body. It's hard to fight this. Many do not understand why a couple of minutes ago they wanted to sing and have fun, but now there is a terrible depression and resentment at everyone because of nothing. During pregnancy, a woman reacts very sharply to any actions and actions of others. Emotional breakdowns become a constant companion
Weak immunity	Frequent colds, runny nose, and sore throat are also signs of pregnancy. At this time, the body weakens noticeably and the woman easily picks up the slightest infections. Therefore, it is recommended to take a vitamin course during pregnancy to keep the body in good shape. Persistent nasal congestion can be caused by hormones in the sinuses.
Bloody smears	In the first weeks of the term, you can notice a light pink discharge from the vagina. As a rule, this does not last long and does not cause any painful sensations. Such smears are characteristic when the egg enters the uterus. Therefore, they usually last only a couple of hours
Pain in the lower abdomen	During pregnancy, the uterus begins to actively contract, which can cause pain in the lower abdomen and even cramping. This is normal. But if these painful sensations are accompanied by profuse bleeding, you should immediately consult a gynecologist, because possible miscarriage
The abundance of natural secretions	An increase in the amount of the hormone progesterone in the body can cause an increase in whitish vaginal discharge. For some, this symptom may be completely invisible. But for many women in the early stages of pregnancy, heavy discharge can be seriously disturbing.
Super sensitive to thermal conditions	Many pregnant women experience strange sensations. In hot weather, they begin to shiver, and in cold weather it seems very hot. This is due to the fact that the body temperature at this difficult time for a woman is greatly increased. But blood pressure can drop sharply for no reason. Therefore, there is a feeling "sometimes hot, sometimes cold." This is quite common in most pregnant women and often shocks their husbands.
Constant fatigue	During pregnancy, the metabolism increases dramatically. This factor, as well as the increase in hormones, leads to the fact that the woman walks forever tired. I constantly want to sleep and have no strength to do anything. If you are overtaken by fatigue and sleepy, you should listen to your body and lie down to rest. Lack of strength is a common occurrence for women in a position
Breast changes	During pregnancy, the breast begins to transform, its hypersensitivity appears. This is due to changes in the mammary glands. After all, the expectant mother will soon have to feed the baby. Breast enlargement, darkening of the areolas, nipple hardening, chest pain, a lumpy surface and highly visible veins on the chest all indicate that a woman will soon become a mother

All of the above symptoms indicate the presence of crumbs in the belly of a woman. However, many of them can be caused by other factors as well. Only a gynecological examination, blood tests or ultrasound can show with the highest reliability whether a baby is conceived. The first method is not recommended, since there is a high risk of introducing an infection into the uterus during the examination.

Don't completely trust pregnancy tests. And even more so, you should not wait for the result on the strip the next day after intercourse. At least ten days must pass in order to reveal a sufficient amount of the hormone chorionic gonadotropin in the body. Therefore, it is recommended to do a pregnancy test only after 2 weeks. And it is advisable to spend at least three, in order to make sure for sure.

The first symptoms of pregnancy go differently for each woman. This should also be taken into account. The body is individual. And if everything went well and smoothly for a friend, this does not mean that you will not be sick in the morning. And vice versa.

Video - signs of pregnancy. Early pregnancy symptoms

Every woman who dreams of having a child listens to her body, identifying the first symptoms of a long-awaited pregnancy. If she has not given birth before, then it is very difficult for her to determine this.

To know for sure about this, every woman should know the first signs of early pregnancy... The study will also help girls identify unplanned pregnancies in time to avoid misunderstandings.

Early pregnancy signs

In the first days after fertilization, when the time has not yet come to determine pregnancy according to the main symptom - a delay in menstruation and a positive pregnancy test, a woman is already looking for characteristic changes in herself. At such early stages, not every woman has them. But still, some of the nuances occurring in the body can be noticed.

Knowing that ovulation occurs 12-14 days after the last menstruation, and pregnancy can occur precisely during this period, the conception test can be done 10 days after ovulation.

Until this time, the cervix becomes loose, which leads to an increase in vaginal discharge, but only if pregnancy has occurred - the fertilization of the egg has occurred. It is this time that is given to the egg to move to the uterus.

After the fertilized egg settles in the uterus, changes in the body of the expectant mother will appear along with it. A few days later, the expectant mother may begin toxemia, but everyone's organisms are different, so not everyone has this symptom. Therefore, you can preliminarily check basal body temperature- during the period of gestation, it will be high.

In addition, there are the following first symptoms of early pregnancy:

1. Increased salivation. Appears already in the first week and occurs not only at the sight of food or hunger, but also after eating food.
2. Leg cramps. At this time, gastrocnemius cramps often occur, which occur during a night's sleep.
3. Metallic taste in the mouth. It also occurs in the first week of pregnancy and appears regardless of food intake.
4. Pigmentation. Also, a week after the beginning of pregnancy, the white line of the abdomen from the navel and below becomes noticeably darker, pigmentation spots appear on the face and along the hairline.
5. Bloating and constipation also begin in the first week, regardless of the food consumed. Sometimes stupid pregnant women are worried about diarrhea.

All these signs come very early, and not every woman can notice them. But they are quite tangible, and if the expectant mother wants to find out about her interesting position, take a closer look at her sensations and processes in the body.

The first signs of pregnancy before the delay of menstruation

Before the onset of the expected menstruation, a pregnant woman develops many symptoms characteristic of this period, which are very difficult not to notice. Before the delay in menstruation, the following signs are noticeable:

Feeling unwell- 6-7 days before menstruation, a sign of a cold may appear, but the cold does not develop further than the indisposition. The woman gets tired quickly, she often has bouts of weakness.

Emotional instability- frequent mood swings - then joy, then tears. This symptom appears in emotional women by their temperament.

Drowsiness or insomnia- there is a constant feeling of lack of sleep, a woman wants to sleep all the time, even if she slept for 12 hours. Or the opposite is insomnia. Waking up in the middle of the night, she can no longer sleep.

Change in sex drive- it can move in one direction or in the completely opposite direction. And this can last throughout the pregnancy.

Heaviness in the lower abdomen- it appears due to the influx of large amounts of blood into the pelvic area. Sometimes there is a feeling of fullness in the pelvic area, which does not disappear after the bowel is emptied.

Tingling in the uterus- From time to time there is a tingling sensation in or around the uterus. This is due to hormonal surges and the attachment of the embryo to the wall of the uterus.

Lower back pain - at first, tingling in the back and lumbago in the lumbar region, radiating to the legs, are felt. Lower back pain occurs immediately after the onset of pregnancy, often there is a burning sensation.

Headache - it bothers a woman throughout the day and subsides in the late afternoon. The onset of a headache indicates pregnancy, even at a short time.

Hypersensitivity of the mammary glands- even accidental touching of the breast gives a woman severe pain. The sensitivity of each woman is individual, but pain always happens - it is on it that pregnancy is determined in the early stages. Rarely, but there is a decrease in breast sensitivity - this happens in those women whose sensitivity has always increased before menstruation.

Chills and fever - during the day, the feeling of heat alternates with chills several times, while there is no real rise in temperature. These are internal sensations, independent of external factors.

Increased appetite- a woman's feeling of hunger increases or there is an intolerable craving to eat certain foods. During a meal, the feeling of fullness does not come for a long time. The taste changes, I want to eat the product that was not present on the menu before.

Nausea - in the early stages, nausea can also be - it depends on the individual characteristics of the woman. As a rule, he begins to vomit in the morning, there is an acute dislike for some products - he begins to vomit even at the mere recollection of them. Heartburn and stomach pain are common.

Hypersensitivity to odors- already in the early stages, an aversion to smells begins, especially for food and perfumes, which a woman used to like. On the contrary, chemical scents attract a woman's attention and seem fragrant to her. This sign of pregnancy is noted on an individual basis, all people smell differently.

Feeling uncomfortable while sitting noted already in the early stages, it is difficult for the expectant mother to choose a position to sit comfortably.

Allergy - can develop from the onset of pregnancy, and to those substances that were not previously allergic.

In addition to the above, there are other signs that appear in the early stages. There are slight swelling in the hands due to salt retention in the body. Frequent urge to use the toilet during the day and especially at night is also a characteristic symptom.

Maybe lower blood pressure e, which provokes weakness, dizziness and headaches. Even before the onset of a delay in menstruation, you can determine whether the long-awaited pregnancy has come or not.

The first signs of pregnancy. Video:

Early signs of ectopic pregnancy

The presented pathology does not happen very often and in 65% of cases it ends safely, but not with the birth of a baby, but with timely surgical intervention.

An ectopic pregnancy has three types, depending on the place where the egg is fixed:

1. Pipe. The oocyte anchorage occurred inside the fallopian tube.
2. Ovarian. Stopped in the ovary.
3. Abdominal. Came out into the abdominal cavity and anchored in it.

If this pathology is not detected in time, then for a woman everything can end in tears: from the development of infertility to death. With timely diagnosis, it is possible to remove the ovum without consequences and with the preservation of all reproductive functions. The most common is a tubal pregnancy, the rest are less common.

With an ectopic pregnancy, the first signs of embryo attachment appear, as in normal conception. There will be a delay in menstruation, and there will be two strips on the test, as well as toxicosis and a change in mood.

You need to pay attention to brightness of the stripes on the test- the control strip will not be too bright, and when you re-test it after a couple of days, it will completely disappear.

If this is detected, then an immediate visit to a doctor is required for an urgent operation to remove the ectopic fetus.

In addition to these signs, there are specific symptoms of an ectopic pregnancy at a short time:

1. Bloody issues dark brown or brown. But this may not be the case if blood collects in the abdominal cavity.
2. Lower abdominal pain cutting character with localization in the area where the fetus develops. The pain increases with a change in body position or with movement.
3. General weakness arises, chills and malaise.
4. Occurs and increased body temperature, and the basal is higher than always.
5. With massive blood loss, dizziness and fainting, there is a decrease in pressure.

The life and development of the fetus is not preserved during surgery, the emphasis is on preserving the life and health of a woman. Up to 6-8 weeks of ectopic pregnancy, you can remove the ovum without unfortunate health consequences.

Therefore, after making sure of the adverse symptoms, you should immediately visit a doctor or call an ambulance.

Signs of a frozen pregnancy in the early stages

Unfortunately, sometimes a long-awaited pregnancy ends with a "frozen" diagnosis. If in women of 20 years of age this happens in 10 cases out of 100, then in 45-year-olds this happens in 50 cases. The older the woman in labor is, the higher the risk of fetal death in the womb.

Women who have gone through this should be carefully examined and not only identify the cause, but also eliminate it. After treatment, 90% of women give birth to a healthy baby safely.

A frozen pregnancy is called arrest of fetal development and his death up to 28 weeks from the fertilization that occurred. There are many reasons for this pathology: genetic "misunderstandings", congenital diseases, infections of the mother, poor ecology, as well as smoking, alcohol and drugs. In order to timely detect the death of the fetus, you should know what signs appear at the same time.

The very first sign is red or brown vaginal discharge... At the same time, there may be no pain. This is a good reason to consult a doctor, and if an ultrasound examination confirms the death of the fetus, then the woman is immediately given antibiotic therapy and cleaning of the uterine cavity.

A frozen pregnancy can be identified by the following symptoms:

Having found such symptoms in yourself, you should not panic, because they do not always speak of a frozen pregnancy. It is necessary to consult a doctor and carry out the correct diagnosis, seek the help of specialists.

The danger of a frozen pregnancy is that sometimes this is asymptomatic, and nothing signals the death of the fetus. The woman does not even realize that she is pregnant and that the fetus has died, and only after bleeding and inflammation with a pronounced symptom begins, she hurries to get medical help.

If a non-developing fetus is in the uterus for more than two months, blood incoagulability can form, which is very life-threatening. Therefore, you should pay attention to all incomprehensible changes in your body and seek advice from a gynecologist.

Signs of an ectopic pregnancy. Video:

The main signs of pregnancy

Now we should analyze the possible nuances of the main signs of pregnancy - what can a woman expect?

When does the belly start to grow?

Many women, especially those who become pregnant for the first time, are very concerned about the question: when does the belly begin to grow during pregnancy. For them, this is an unusual state and new sensations, in addition, you should know when you can update your wardrobe. I must say that it appears in different women in different ways. Some mummies claim that their tummy began to grow from the fifth week, and some that from the tenth.

Yes, the belly can increase in the first weeks, but this is not from the growing uterus, but from the bloating, which is typical for early pregnancy. Only from the 16th week of pregnancy, intensive growth of the fetus and uterus begins, respectively. And at the 20th week, a rounded tummy will be noticeable in any pregnant woman.

For the timely detection of pathology in the development of the fetus, this is very important information. With the help of data on the growth time of the abdomen and its possible size, it is possible to determine polyhydramnios, oligohydramnios, delayed development of the child and its intrauterine pathology.

Nausea during pregnancy

In addition, expectant mothers are concerned about the following question: when does one start to feel sick during pregnancy. This symptom manifests itself especially individually for each woman. It is normal if nausea starts 10-12 days after fertilization has occurred, but if it happens later, then it is also normal. In the early stages, nausea in a woman occurs due to toxicosis, and in the later stages, it can talk about gestosis.

The exact timing of the onset of nausea in pregnant women is difficult to determine, but in the first and last trimester, nausea can haunt every woman in labor. Usually, nausea begins after a delay in menstruation and not earlier. At 4-5 weeks, hormonal fluctuations occur, which cause nausea.

Of course, this symptom is unpleasant, but it is easier for a woman who wants to give birth to a baby, knowing for whom such sacrifices are made.

About chest pain

Many women are also interested in when their breasts begin to hurt during pregnancy. This is also an individual symptom and for each woman in labor pains begin at different times. The breast is the first to react to a change in the hormonal background in the body: it begins to fill, round out, become heavier and tingle.

Changes in the mammary glands occur due to the activity of sex hormones, which prepare the breast for feeding the baby. Therefore, chest pain should not be feared - these are normal physiological changes that do not carry any danger.

There is no exact time when breast pain begins during pregnancy. In some women, painful sensations begin even before the onset of the expected menstruation, and in others, only at the 5th week.

And then, and another norm, even if it will not hurt throughout the entire period of bearing a child. If pregnancy and fetal development are proceeding normally, then by the end of the first trimester, the pain should subside.

It is important for a young woman who dreams of becoming a mother to know all the signs and symptoms of the onset of pregnancy and its possible pathologies. Only a woman herself can notice abnormal signs in time at short periods of her interesting position and consult a doctor for urgent measures to preserve the pregnancy. Well, or make a choice in favor of a safe, but promising career growth.

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The onset of pregnancy for women who want to replenish their family is a joyful event and a real miracle. Each representative of the fair sex at least once in her life should experience the extraordinary feeling of the birth of a new creature in her. At the first conception, many girls do not know at all how the early signs of pregnancy manifest themselves, they naively believe that the embryo will immediately move in the womb, give a sign of its presence. In fact, the process that has begun and the signs of pregnancy themselves in the early stages do not externally give themselves out for a long enough time. The test will show the presence of a fertilized egg only 8-10 days after conception, and the first symptoms of pregnancy may appear only after a month or two.

Signs of early pregnancy

A woman who has not given birth before cannot understand when the first signs of early pregnancy appear and how to distinguish them from the onset of the menstrual cycle and often attributed strange changes in the body to malaise or illness. Moreover, some of the symptoms of pregnancy are really similar to the disruption of the body's systems as a result of stress, hormonal disorders, heavy physical exertion, and the use of potent pharmaceuticals. And menstrual irregularities occur even in healthy women. Therefore, every potential mother needs to learn how to identify the very first signs of early pregnancy, and at the slightest suspicion, go to the gynecologist's office.

The first sign of early pregnancy is mood swings

When a woman begins hormonal changes in her body, preparing for a long period of bearing a baby, close people simply cannot recognize her. The expectant mother is ready to explode at any moment, to unleash streams of rage on her husband and relatives, even for no apparent reason. She feels misunderstood, offended, deprived, surrounded by callous and stupid people. The woman is not able to control outbursts of aggression, although she understands that she is causing pain and resentment to her family. Sudden and unreasonable irritability appears earlier than other signs of early pregnancy. It is she who can suggest a conception that has taken place.

The second sign of early pregnancy is a change in taste preferences.

The body of a pregnant woman, preparing for bearing a baby, tries to accumulate as many nutrients and useful substances as possible. Therefore, the expectant mother develops unexpected taste preferences. She begins with pleasure to eat food that she did not like before, combines products on a plate that are in no way compatible. All dishes seem insipid to a pregnant woman, so she salt and season them abundantly. Eating a large can of pickled cucumbers at a time will not be difficult for her. And some mothers suddenly have an irresistible desire to “feast on” chalk or sand. A change in taste and increased appetite are the first and most obvious symptoms of pregnancy, which immediately draw attention to themselves.

The third sign of early pregnancy is delayed menstruation.

Failure of the menstrual cycle is the main sign of pregnancy. If after the usual period of time a woman does not start her period, she suspects a successful conception.

Menstrual bleeding will not bother the mother not only for all nine months of carrying the baby, but also for about six months, and sometimes even a year after childbirth. Menstruation will resume only when the mother's body is fully restored. But the absence of menstruation in due time, in addition to pregnancy, can also signal pathological changes in the body, about the wrong lifestyle of a woman. The menstrual cycle is disturbed by:

1. stress, depression and anxiety;
2. strong physical activity;
3. change of climate or regime of the day;
4. colds and viral diseases;
5. the use of contraceptive drugs and potent drugs;
6. obesity or starvation;
7. the onset of menopause.

The fourth sign of early pregnancy is breast swelling.

Swollen breasts and swollen veins in the chest are signs of early pregnancy, which appear mainly in the later stages. When pressing on the nipples, yellowish colostrum is released. And the first months of pregnancy, a woman may only feel some discomfort in the chest area. Also noticeable signs of early pregnancy are Montgomery tubercles. These are small outgrowths that form in a circle around the nipple immediately after successful conception. Outwardly, they look like warts filled with a sebaceous substance, but they do not disrupt the work of the mammary glands in any way, do not affect the health of the mother.

The fifth sign of early pregnancy is toxicosis

Usually, toxicosis in a woman manifests itself in the middle stages of pregnancy, when the baby in the womb is already sufficiently developed. The expectant mother is accompanied by nausea and dizziness, she can no longer stand the usual dishes, after each meal she is overtaken by the urge to vomit. But sometimes these pregnancy symptoms occur in the initial stages. In this case, doctors diagnose the so-called early toxicosis. Nausea and vomiting are not the most obvious signs of early pregnancy; food poisoning can be the cause of these unpleasant phenomena. Also, many diseases of the digestive tract cannot do without these symptoms: gastritis, enteritis, stomach and intestinal ulcers.

The sixth sign of early pregnancy is frequent urge to urinate.

Frequent trips to the toilet are usually suffered by women in late pregnancy, when a baby that has grown in the womb begins to press on the bladder and ureter. However, malfunctions in the urinary system can occur in the early stages of gestation. They are caused by chorionic gonadotropin, a hormone that is abundantly secreted in a pregnant woman and provokes an acceleration of blood circulation in the pelvic organs. Mom thinks that her bladder is full, although there is actually little urine in it. This sensation is especially strong when lying down, so pregnant women do not sleep well at night and suffer from incontinence.

An increased urge to urinate is not only the first signs of early pregnancy, but also symptoms of complex diseases of the genitourinary system. Urinary incontinence is accompanied by diabetes mellitus, in which the patient drinks a lot of fluids, as well as cystitis or urethritis. If, when urinating in the lower abdomen, a strong painful burning sensation is felt, it is not a matter of pregnancy, but of an illness.

The seventh sign of early pregnancy is an increase in basal temperature

By measuring the basal temperature, women are usually established. When the temperature inside the genitals rises slightly above normal, the egg is ready for fertilization. But with the help of basal temperature, you can also determine the onset of conception. To do this, during a delay in menstruation, a thermometer is placed in the anus, since the temperature is the same in the rectum and genital tract. It is better to carry out the procedure after a night's sleep, without getting out of bed.

If a woman keeps a chart of basal temperature for 3-4 months, then in case of pregnancy, she will notice that a week before the start of menstruation, the basal temperature, instead of decreasing, continues to remain at 37 degrees. In this case, you can most likely assume that you are pregnant.

The eighth sign of early pregnancy is bleeding from the genitals.

A week after conception, some women notice minor bleeding from the genital tract. They can be confused with scanty menstrual bleeding, but they differ from menstruation in a lighter shade. They appear just at the moment when the fertilized egg clings to the wall of the uterus, but they do not last long. Sometimes women observe a rather thick yellowish discharge. So at the beginning of pregnancy, cervical erosion is manifested. Allocations may be completely absent, and this is also normal in the early stages of gestation.

The ninth sign of early pregnancy is a painful condition, malaise

Important signs of early pregnancy are a sharp decrease in immunity and an acceleration of metabolism. The body of a pregnant woman suppresses its own immune cells so that they do not perceive the embryo as a foreign body, do not try to destroy it. And the metabolism is activated as a result of hormonal changes. The expectant mother in the early stages of bearing a child often catches a cold, suffers from a runny nose and hoarseness, she may have a fever. In order not to harm the embryo, it is advisable to treat ailments not with pharmaceuticals, but with folk methods.

Pregnant women often complain of weakness and drowsiness, want to sleep at night and during the day. This is how the hormone progesterone, produced by the ovaries after conception, which is responsible for the preservation of the fetus, manifests itself.

The tenth sign of early pregnancy is skin changes

Pigmented and inflammatory changes in the skin are noticeable symptoms of pregnancy. The hormonal transformations that take place in a woman's body after conception have a great effect on the condition of the skin. Due to the sharp fluctuations in sex hormones, the face, neck and chest of a pregnant woman are dotted with age spots, spider veins, similar in color to hematomas, appear on the legs and arms. With the birth of a baby, all pigmentation will disappear, mom does not need to worry about it. The sebaceous and sweat glands work hard during gestation, which is why many women have acne on their face. Somewhere by the twelfth week of pregnancy, a longitudinal pigment strip appears on the mother's stomach, which will remain until the very birth. And already from the twentieth week of bearing the baby, stretch marks begin to form on the sides and lower abdomen. The more fat the pregnant woman is, the more noticeable they are.

The eleventh sign of early pregnancy is bowel dysfunction

Sex hormones, being actively produced in the body of a pregnant woman, suppress the work of the intestines, contribute to its relaxation. Therefore, constipation and diarrhea are common symptoms during pregnancy. Usually, these unpleasant signs of pregnancy haunt the expectant mother in the late stages of bearing a baby, when the uterus expands, squeezing the intestines. But sometimes women who are not carrying their first baby notice constipation, excessive gas formation, and loose stools already in the early stages. Many mothers suffer from hemorrhoids. To remove these symptoms of pregnancy, which cause a lot of trouble, it is advisable to use not medications, but folk remedies that are safe for the developing embryo.