All holidays are day and month. Public holidays of Russia. Weekends and holidays. Weekends and non-working days

Holidays are special dates in our life, when people honor each other, their relatives and friends, remember any special days on which memorable events happened.

Some of them are celebrated all over the earth. Others - in individual states, others - in collectives and families. Holidays are religious, state, folk, sports, professional and others.

By now, there are more and more public holidays. People love them, celebrate and have fun. Let's describe the main dates that are celebrated in our country.

Holidays in Russia

Holidays in Russia are an inseparable part of the culture, history and spiritual life of the state. Over time, they become a tradition for people. These are celebrations that are celebrated every year on the same days. They are dedicated to events of a different nature. Public holidays in Russia are those that have state status. Moreover, the days on which they fall are days off.

Holidays play an important role in bringing people closer together, instilling a sense of patriotism, demonstrating the strength and significance of the state on the world stage. In honor of them, honors are given to the symbols of state power, heroes of the nation, distinguished citizens are awarded, acts of amnesty are issued, and so on. From time immemorial, we have preserved the consent and unity of the people on these special days. Statesmen appear in the stands, solemn ceremonies and awards are held.

Weekends and non-working days

The official holiday makes the day a non-working day. This procedure is carried out in different ways in different countries. In some states, special regulations are issued, in others - there is a legal document for each day, in others - general norms are established that regulate management.

Russian public holidays are defined in the Labor Code, in article 112. They are: New Year's holidays, Christmas, Defender of the Fatherland Day, Victory Day, Russia Day, National Unity Day, International Women's Day, Labor Day.

If the weekend and non-working days coincide, then the first one is transferred to the next working day. There may be other hyphenations as well. If, for example, the holiday is on Tuesday, then Monday will be made a day off, and Saturday before it is a working day.

New Year

The first of January is the New Year. A Christmas tree is dressed up for the holiday, a lot of delicious dishes are being prepared, children are waiting for fabulous gifts and surprises from Santa Claus and Snow Maiden. The girls sit down for fortune-telling. Many people make their cherished desires on the night of December 31 to January 1 and believe that they will certainly come true.

This holiday dates back to the time when agricultural work began on the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. The event was celebrated for twelve days, and then it was impossible to work. Later, Jews, Greeks and Europeans adopted this custom.

It is known that in Russia the New Year was celebrated with the beginning of spring, when nature awakened. But the custom gradually ceased to exist with the transfer of the New Year to January 1.

Russia Day

June 12 has been a holiday since 1990. The day has a special place and significance. A new generation emerged who did not live in the Soviet Union. The Day of Russia has become an expression of patriotism, people are proud of their country and demonstrate this.

But at first this holiday was not accepted by the people, it was considered an ordinary day off. Today it has become a symbol of the unity of the people, freedom, peace, independence and harmony.

Unity of the people

Since 2005, Russian public holidays have been replenished with a new one, which is known as National Unity Day, celebrated on November 4th.

On October 22, according to the old calendar of 1612, the people's militia led by Minin and Pozharsky took Kitai-Gorod by storm. Dmitry Pozharsky entered there with an icon of the Kazan Mother of God. A few days later, the interventionists signed a surrender and surrendered.

In 1649, by decree of the tsar, the day of the icon of the Kazan Mother of God was established, which was declared a state holiday and was celebrated until 1917.

The same date (October 22nd according to the Julian calendar, or November 4th according to the Gregorian calendar) was again chosen as the national holiday of Russia - National Unity Day.

Men's Day

The Day of the Defender of the Fatherland is celebrated on February 23rd. Women congratulate all men who have served or are serving in the army or other power structures. This holiday demonstrates love for the Motherland, readiness to defend it and, if necessary, defend it.

In 1918, when the working class learned that the Fatherland was in danger, the formation of the Red Army began. And on the twenty-third of February, she had already fought back against Germany near Pskov and Narva. This day is considered the birth of the Red Army.

Now there is talk about celebrating Defender of the Fatherland Day on May 6, the day of St. George, who patronizes wars. However, the twenty-third of February was and remains a holiday for men, which is celebrated in military traditions.

Women's Day

The favorite holiday of women of all ages is March 8th. On this International Women's Day, a strong half of humanity presents gifts, kisses and flowers to the weaker sex. Women buy and put on their best outfits to look sunny, joyful and fun in the first days of spring.

It is not often that someone thinks about the history of the origin of the holiday. It all started relatively not so long ago, and the reason was not so rosy. On March 8, 1857, women in New York staged a demonstration. They demanded better working conditions and equal rights compared to men. The procession was then dispersed, but the women were so noisy and so trumpeted about their action that as a result they called it Women's Day.

At an international conference held soon after, it was announced as International Women's Day of Solidarity.

Since 1913, it has been celebrated annually. And in 1965, the holiday was declared a non-working day in the Soviet Union.

However, women have been revered before in history. So, for example, in the Roman Empire, a day was also dedicated to them, when ladies received gifts from men, and the latter surrounded them with their care, attention and love.

Even slaves then received gifts and could rest. The women dressed in their finest clothes and adorned their heads with wreaths.

The first of May

The Spring and Labor Day (formerly it had a different name) appeared in the late nineteenth century, when, having staged a strike, workers in Chicago demanded to switch to an eight-hour day. It lasted fifteen hours. Six workers and eight police officers were killed in the scuffle. Several more people were sentenced to death. In memory of them, in Paris, the Congress of the International declared May 1st as the Day of Solidarity of Workers throughout the World.

After the October Revolution of 1917, the Spring and Labor Day began to be celebrated here as well.

May 1st became a must. Workers walked along the main street with flags and banners. In Moscow, a demonstration is taking place on Red Square.

Currently, May Day has ceased to be political. It was renamed. Nevertheless, trade unions, parties and various movements hold actions on this day, speaking under different slogans.

Day of Victory, Memory and Sorrow

Russian public holidays do not end in this fifth month of the year. May is rich in them. May 9 - Day of Victory of the USSR over Nazi Germany. In the West, the holiday is celebrated on the eighth.

The day became a day off only in 1965, in honor of the twentieth anniversary of the Victory. Military parades are held annually on Red Square. Wreaths are laid at the monuments. Veterans meet and concerts in honor of the Victory are held.

Recently, the action "St. George's Ribbon" and "Immortal Regiment" began. Millions of people, not only in Russia, but also abroad, attach the Victory symbol to their clothes or car. After taking photographs of their relatives who died during the Great Patriotic War, people walk along the central streets of cities, demonstrating that nothing is forgotten and no one is forgotten.

Such actions are very relevant and necessary, since in Western countries, attempts to falsify history are increasing every year. Textbooks for schoolchildren are being rewritten, facts are being misinterpreted. Most young Americans are convinced that the United States won World War II, not the Soviet Union. Half of the Japanese believe that the atomic bomb was dropped on them by the Russians, not the Americans. The so-called developed European countries are trying in every possible way to reduce the role of the USSR in the victory over fascism. Therefore, mass actions of ordinary people show such politicians the futility of their attempts.

June 22 is another day. The war began more than seventy years ago. The Day of Remembrance and Mourning was established on June 8, 1996.

In Russia and other neighboring countries, mourning events are held for those killed during the war. National flags are lowered, and radio and television refrains from entertainment.

At that time, war knocked on every family and disrupted peaceful life. At the cost of many millions of lives, the Soviet people defended their native land. Husbands, fathers and children protected their loved ones and defeated the Nazis.

The Day of Remembrance and Mourning demonstrates that the exploits of soldiers, women and children in the rear are not forgotten. The new generation is proud of the steadfastness and heroism of their ancestors.

June 22 will forever remain the Day of Remembrance of the People for all those who died during the bloody war. Eternal glory to everyone who died on the battlefield, died in hospitals or concentration camps!

Other Holidays

There are holidays that have been celebrated in Russia since the times of the Soviet Union. In others, the dates in honor of which they were established have been changed. For example, the day of the meliorator in Russia is celebrated in the same way as during the Soviet era. It is also celebrated, for example, Civil Aviation Day, Day of Geodesy and Cartography Workers, Meteorologist, Geologist, even students, and so on are also celebrated on the same dates as in the Soviet Union. But the Day of Russian Science is celebrated on a different day. There are holidays that were not celebrated in the USSR, but established in modern Russia. These include the Day of the Military Translator. It has been celebrated on May 21st since 2000 and was proposed by the Military Institute.

In 1999, the Day of Russian Science was established. It is celebrated on February 8, on the day of the founding of the Russian Academy of Sciences by decree of Peter the Great since 1724.

Science Day in the Soviet Union was celebrated on the third Sunday in April, when Lenin in 1918 drew up the "Outline of a plan for scientific and technical work", thereby recognizing science. And nowadays, many scientists celebrate their holiday the way it was in Soviet times.

Armed Forces Holidays

The navy, aviation and other armed forces have their own professional holidays. In honor of especially memorable events, days of military glory are established. Even the conscripts have a holiday that is celebrated on November 15th.

The ground forces celebrate their day on the first of October.

Fleet

The country celebrates the Day of the Northern, Baltic, Pacific and Black Sea Fleets of the Russian Navy.

On April 8, 1783, Catherine II signed a decree on the formation of a fleet in the Black Sea. The main reason was the annexation of Crimea to Russia. And on the thirteenth of May, eleven ships of the Azov flotilla entered the Akhtiar Bay. Later, the hero city of Sevastopol was built there. The Black Sea Fleet fought excellently against Turkey, France and other states. But he lost in the Crimean War. Russia lost its right to stay in the Black Sea, and then restored it again.

The thirteenth of May is the Day of the Black Sea Fleet. The Russian Navy marks the dates of other fleets.

Peter the Great issued a decree on the construction of the first frigate with twenty-four guns in Arkhangelsk, and a century later, warships were patrolling from the Norwegian to the Kara seas. Nevertheless, a full-fledged Northern Flotilla appeared much later. The Severomors carried out scuba diving, transitions from the Arctic to the Far East, visited the North Pole several hundred times. Therefore, they deserve a separate holiday for themselves - the Day of the Northern Fleet, which is celebrated on the first of June.

The emergence of the Baltic Fleet is also associated with the name of Peter the Great. At the beginning of 1701, he ordered the construction of cannon ships on Lake Ladoga. And soon they, located at the base in Kronstadt, were already repelling attacks from Sweden.

In addition to military operations, sailors carried out inventions, expeditions, discoveries. The headquarters of this fleet is located in Kaliningrad, but the main basing is in the Leningrad region.

Day of the Baltic Fleet is celebrated on the eighteenth of May.

On May 21, 1731, the Empress ordered to populate Okhotsk and organize a shipyard and a pier on it. The first Far Eastern division was created. On this day and today, they congratulate the servicemen of the Pacific Fleet, which includes strategic submarines, nuclear, missile, diesel, surface ships, missile-carrying anti-submarine aircraft, land and coastal forces.

Landing

The Airborne Forces in Russia are called "blue berets" and "winged infantry". The paratroopers themselves call themselves "Uncle Vasya's Troops." Fighters of this kind of troops are associated with reliability and courage.

The second of August is the day of the airborne troops - the day of the Airborne Forces. It was then, in 1930, that a paratrooper unit with parachutes was first thrown out.

This service is difficult and dangerous, but the paratroopers are brothers who help each other and are able to protect their comrades from bullets.

The purpose of the Airborne Forces is to find paratroopers in places where other troops simply cannot be. These are, for example, hot spots and trails of Afghanistan and Chechnya.

The history of the Airborne Forces was formed from the courage, valor and honor of its heroes. Millions of Russians have completed this service. Therefore, the holiday has become truly national.

Aviation

Aviation Day is celebrated on the third Sunday in August. On this date, demonstrations and various performances of the Air Force are held.

Most people have used aviation services at least once in their lives and were on a passenger liner. Airplanes carry huge numbers of passengers around the world every day. On February 9, 1923, an air fleet appeared in Russia, which began to transport people on official and personal matters, as well as mail and various cargo. Civil Aviation Day in Russia began to be celebrated on this day. Pilots, flight attendants, dispatchers and technical workers receive congratulations. It is they who provide air traffic in the country when hundreds of aircraft take to the air.

Ministry of Internal Affairs

All employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation celebrate their holiday - the Day of Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia - on the twenty-seventh of March. Nevertheless, this is a working day.

The holiday was established in 1996 by presidential decree. Historically, the day is associated with the creation of the Internal Guard by decree of Alexander I in 1811.

The role of the internal troops can hardly be overestimated. Employees protect the peaceful life of people, provide security for strategic facilities and transport hubs.

On this day, the highest ranks congratulate their subordinates and award titles, awards, gifts, certificates and gratitude to those who have distinguished themselves during the service.

Radio and print

On May 7, the Russian physicist A.S. Popov showed the world how radio works. On this day, they began to celebrate Radio Day. But for the first time he was celebrated only for his thirtieth birthday in 1925. The day has become a full-fledged holiday since 1945.

Many innovations and innovations have been invented since then. Radio Day is celebrated on television, radio broadcasting, mail, it is observed by all those who broadcast about important events in the country and the world.

However, the seventh of May is celebrated in Russia. On the thirteenth of February 1946, the UN was on radio for the first time. It was then that the International Radio Day was established.

In 1991, it was decided to celebrate the thirteenth January, the day of the Russian press. The date is connected with 1703, when the first issue of the printed newspaper "Vedomosti" was published. This holiday was established to replace the Day of the Soviet Press, which takes place on May 5, when the first issue of the newspaper Pravda came out. In Belarus, it is celebrated on May 5.

Religious holidays

People of different faiths and confessions get along in Russia. Christians, Muslims, Jews - they are all citizens of one country. Nevertheless, the overwhelming majority of the population is Orthodox Christians. Many religious solemn dates are celebrated in Russia. Among them are Christmas, Easter and the Day of the Baptism of Russia.

Christmas

This is one of the main holidays for believers. Catholics celebrate this day on December 25th, and the Russian Orthodox Church and others who use the Julian calendar on January 7th.

No one has yet succeeded in establishing the exact date of Jesus' birth. Most likely, he was born between the seventh and fifth years BC. In 221, Julius Africanus first indicated the date of birth of Jesus - December twenty-fifth.

Easter

The Resurrection of Christ, or Easter, is the main religious holiday for Christians. According to legends, on this day Jesus Christ rose from the dead. Easter is celebrated on the first Sunday after the spring full moon, namely after the vernal equinox.

On the twenty-eighth of July, the memory of Prince Vladimir is honored. In 2010, this day became a new memorable date.

In 988, the Baptism of Rus took place.

Prince Vladimir, or Red Sun, first ruled the land of Novgorod. But soon, as a result of strife, he became an autocratic prince. Taking Chersonesos, Vladimir demanded the hand of Princess Anna from the Byzantine emperors. But when the prince saw her, he suddenly lost his sight. Anna invited him to be baptized, which Vladimir did, and seemed to have received his sight. He exclaimed: "Now I have seen the True God!" Upon arrival in Kiev, Vladimir baptized all his twelve sons. After that, he began to eradicate paganism from the hearts of the Russian people.

Since then, in Russia, and then in Russia, they began to honor Christianity and believe in Jesus Christ.

Despite the large number of holidays, there are not so many days off in our country. On public holidays in Russia, people have a rest, and on other days they have to work.

Officially established in Russia holidays, professional holidays, memorable days, memorable dates and days of military glory (victory days) of Russia in 2017.

Currently in Russia are officially celebrated 8 holidays, 7 of which [all except Christmas], are state holidays.
Holidays are fixed by the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. According to article 112 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation non-working holidays in the Russian Federation are:

• January 15- New Year
• Jan. 7- Christmas
• February 23- Defender of the Fatherland Day
• March 8- International Women's Day
• The 1 of May- Spring and Labour Day
• 9th May- Victory Day
• 12 June- Russia Day
• November 4th- Day of National Unity
  How Russia overcame the turmoil

Ministry of Labor and Social Protection

• Winter holidays are needed for the family
• December 31st is asked to be a day off

The year of which was announced in Russia

Holidays and weekends in 2017

Industrial 2017 calendar

Federal Labor and Employment Service announced the schedule weekends and holidays in 2017.

Other important holidays

Holidays of the Slavs

The wisdom given by the ancestors

Slavism- this is the veneration of the Family, ancestors, and the creation of family clan life, according to ancient Slavic customs.
Traditions of the Russian people is the invaluable experience of innumerable generations of our ancestors. And no matter how many eras have passed, how many have wandered in the darkness of foreign traditions, Russian people always return to their native tradition.
Our calendar - or, more correctly, Kolyady Dar- for thousands of years he served our ancestors, helping them to cultivate the land and harvest in time. The year, divided into twelve parts, was depicted on ritual thickets, and a special sign corresponded to each month.
The annual wheel - Kolo Svarog- carried in itself a special meaning, which consisted in the eternal rebirth and renewal of all living things. But the calendar is important not only on weekdays, it is always decorated with merry holidays.

Traditional Slavic Holidays

Traditional Slavic Holidays connected with nature and the events taking place in it, they contain and conceal in themselves a deep sacred essence and meaning. Almost all holidays among the Slavs coincide with the life cycle of the Earth, and therefore have not only spiritual significance, but also another - familiarization with Nature, bringing into your life the feeling that the Earth is living matter. The ceremonies that our great ancestors performed once upon a time are designed to ensure peaceful coexistence and harmony with nature.

The sun has long been especially revered among the Slavs as a symbol and source of life on earth, giving warmth and light to all living things. And this happens every year, constantly, along an uninterrupted stake [circle], in the form of which the ancient Slavs represented our Universe.

Names of Slavic months the years reflect those changes in nature that are most characteristic of each of the four seasons. Below is a list of the main holidays and customs of the Slavs.
The seasons symbolize birth [spring], growing up [summer], maturity [autumn], death [winter].

Kologod among the Slavs divided by four seasons [winter, spring, summer, autumn], in each of which great holidays are especially celebrated: 2 solstices [solstice] in winter and summer - the time when the Sun is reborn: the old Sun is extinguished, but its place is taken by a new one - the emerging young and 2 equinoxes [in spring and autumn].

Chronology among the Slavs

Calendar reform of Peter I

It is no secret that the widespread use of the Russian calendar stopped by order of Peter I. The tsar brought up by foreigners introduced a new foreign calendar on the territory of Russia and ordered to celebrate the coming of 1700 from the birth of Christ on the night of January 1. While in Russia the summer of 7208 was going on. The chronological innovation was Peter I's curtsey to the West and the theft of five and a half thousand years of history from the Slavic-Aryan culture.

Chronology in Russia
[Watch video online]

New Years among the Slavs [New Year]

Before baptism the Slavs celebrated the New Year [New Year] in the spring, which symbolized the victory of spring over winter,
life over death. Spring is a symbol of new life and rebirth, followed by death and oblivion.

• Comte Why did they cut down the Christmas tree

Slavic names of months

• Berezen [March]- the month when birches wake up (a symbol of Russia).
• Pollen, Kveten [April]- the time of flowering of Nature awakened after winter.
• Grave [May]- the month of the awakening of the Earth and the growth of grass, the best time for sowing.
• Cherven [June]- berries and flowers grow.
• Lipen [July]- linden trees are blooming.
• Serpen [August]- harvest time.
• Velesen, Veresen [September].
• Yellow [October]- the yellow color of the leaves.
• Leaf fall [November]- trees drop foliage.
• Breast [December].
• Chill [January]- cold time.
• Lute [February]- a month of hard frost.

Zodiac signs in Russia

• Yarila, Yarilo [Aries]- this is the God of youth, strength and passion, respectively, and people were endowed
  irrepressible energy, long youth and looked at the world with wide eyes, keeping
  faith in goodness and justice.
• Lada [Taurus]- this is the sign of the Goddess Lada-creator. The people of this sign were healthy
  okay, brought comfort and warmth to the house, were practical and knew how to win over.
• Kupala [Gemini]- this is God, he had a twin sister Mara. Their common symbol is a flower
  Ivan da Marya [Ivan is a yellow flower, and Marya is a blue one]. It symbolized the union of life and death.
  [Mara - derived from the root of pestilence - death]. Their unity is a balance of being and non-being.
  He was best understood by the people of the Kupala sign, who knew how to value every moment of life.
• Kolyada [Cancer]- the ruler of the cyclic laws of the Universe. Born under this sign
  subtly felt the laws of harmony, nature, world order, literally suffering from any disharmony.
• Dazhdbog [Lion]- he endowed every person born under his sign,
  great opportunities. But there was one peculiarity: the most fully implemented
  themselves are those who gave most of what Dazhdbog gave to other people.
• Maya [Virgo]- Goddess nurse personifying nature, bringing gifts.
  Goddess Maya was involved in a constant circuit. And the people were submerged
  into constant worries, aimed at the good of their environment. But they themselves had to
  create a favorable atmosphere for work, otherwise they literally burned out at work.
• Bear [Libra]- this sign was patronized by God Veles. His image
  associated with the cycle of births and deaths [reality and navu, ie the world of the living and the dead].
  The people of this sign were given to understand that without birth there is no death, and without
  death - a new birth. These people, having given up their own, acquired everything.
• Skipper Beast [Scorpion]- is the patron saint of snakes and other Navi creatures
  [those. other world]. People of this sign were especially wise, seeing the background of those around them.
  They had a close relationship with deceased ancestors and were burdened by the experience of past generations.
• Kitovras [Sagittarius]- half-man-half-horse. He was strong and wise, but weak in wine. And people of this sign could reach great service heights if they did not succumb to the temptation to receive pleasure and material wealth.
• Unicorn [Capricorn]- the symbol of this sign was the battle of the Unicorn and the Lion. This was considered as the battle of Kolyada [natural cycles and laws] with Indra [individualism]. People of this sign could show their independence as much as possible [but with caution, so as not to upset the balance in the world].
• Rooftop [Aquarius]- this god gave fire to people who died from the cold. People born under this sign
  possessed great intellectual abilities and could find a way out of any, even the most hopeless, situation.
• Genus [Pisces]- this is one of the most revered and ancient Gods [he was also called the creator of the Universe].
  People of this sign felt their involvement in everything in the world and kinship with people all over the planet. Such a feeling
  they served as the basis of life and well-being. They easily overcame the blues and calmed down with the things to come.

Slavic Kologod [calendar in Russia]

Berezen [March]

• 01 march- Day of Marena [Mara Marena is the great goddess of winter and death].
• 03 march- Day of memory of Prince Igor.
• March 14th- Small oat tree, New Years[used to celebrate the New Year on the first
  spring day - March 1, which according to the new style falls on March 14].
• March 17- Day of Gerasim the Rookery [time of arrival of the rooks].
• March 22- Magpies, larks.
• March 24- Komoeditsy, Shrovetide [ the vernal equinox].
• March 25- Opening of Svarga [invocation of spring].
• 30th of March- Fretting [chanting of Mother Nature].

Pollen, Kveten [April]

• 01 april- Birthday of the Brownie [day of awakening of the Brownie].
• 03 april- Vodopol [Vodyanoy's name day].
• 07 april- Day of Karna-mourning. [Karna, Kara, Karina - the goddess of sorrow, sorrow and grief].
• 14th of April- Day of Semargl [Firebog].
• April 19- Navi day [holiday of the resurrection of the dead].
• April 22- Lelnik.
• 23 april- Yarilo Veshny.
• April 30- Rodonitsa [the spring cold ends].

Grave [May]

• May 01- Zhiva day [Alive - the goddess of life, spring, fertility, birth, life-grain].
• 06 May- Big oat - the day of Dazhdbog [god of fertility and sunlight, life-giving power].
• May 07- Fly over [awakening the Earth].
• May 10- Veshnee Makoshie [Earth Day].
• 22nd of May- Yarilo Wet, Troyan, Tribogov day [holiday of late spring and early summer].
• May 28- Spirits day [the beginning of the week by the mermaids, green Christmastide].
• May 25-31- Semik [border between winter and summer, on the last Thursday of May].
• May 25-31- Kumlenie [holiday of the cuckoo, last Sunday in May].

Cherven [June]

• 21st of June- The birth of Vyshnya-Perun.
• 22nd of June- Day of the Skipper Snake [snake day].
• June 23rd- Agrafena Kupalnitsa [start of the bathing season].
• June 24- Holiday of Ivan Kupala [ summer solstice].

Lipen [July]

• 03 july- Day of memory of Prince Svyatoslav.
• July, 12- The day of the sheaf of Veles [the god of wealth and wisdom Veles, taught the land to plow and sow cereals].
• July 20- Perunov day.

Serpen [August]

• 07 august- Spozhinki [harvest ends].
• August 21- Day of Stribog [god of the wind].

Spring [September]

• 02 september- Day of memory of Prince Oleg.
• 08 September- Rod and Woman in Childbirth [holiday of family well-being].
• 14 september- Closing of Svarga, vyry [on this day the goddess Zhiva leaves the Earth].
• September 21- Day of Svarog [god-blacksmith, father of Dazhdbog].
• September 22nd- Holiday of Lada [ autumnal equinox].
  Lada is the great goddess of spring and summer fertility and the patroness of weddings, marriage life.
• September 27- Rodogosh, tausen [holiday when the harvest is harvested].

Yellow [October]

• October 14- Protection of the Most Holy Theotokos.
• October 26- Day of the goddess Makoshi [goddess of marriage and childbirth].

Leaf fall [November]

• November 25- Marena [death incarnate].

Breast [December]

• 03 december- Day of memory of the hero Svyatogor.
• December 14- Naumov day [wise day].
• 21 December- Karachun, Chernobog [ winter solstice].
• December 25- Kolyada [god of fun]. From December 25 [breast] to January 6 [cold] Great Velesovy Svyatki are celebrated - great winter yuletide, twelve holy days, symbolizing twelve months in a year [six light - a light half year, and the other six dark - a dark half year], starting from the eve of Kolyada [Kolyada himself is not included in the number of Christmas days] and up to Turits [Vodokres].
• Dec. 31- Generous [generous evening - the last day of bright Christmastide].

Chill [January]

• 01 january- Moroka Day [god of fierce cold].
• 03 january- Day of memory of Princess Olga.
• 05 january- Tucindan [fat day].
• 06 january- Turitsy, Vodokres [Tur is a sacred bull with magical powers].
• 08 january- Woman's porridge.
• January 12- The day of the abductions.
• 18 january- Intra [god of springs, wells, snakes and clouds].
• January 21- Prosinets.
• January 30- Day of Santa Claus and Snow Maiden.

Lute [February]

• 02 february- Gromnitsa [the only day in winter when a thunderstorm can happen].
• 10 february- Velesichi, Kudesy [Brownie Day].
• February 11th- Veles day [mid-winter].
• February, 15- Meeting [border between winter and spring].
• 16 february- Fixes.
• 18th of Febuary- Trojan Winter [day of military glory].
• February 29- Day of Kashchei-Chernobog [the most evil Slavic deity].

These holidays fall into two categories:

Fixed (non-moving) holidays: they always fall on a strictly defined day of the month, regardless of the day of the week, which changes annually. These include the nine twelve church holidays:

Twelve motionless holidays

Nativity of the Blessed Virgin	September 21
† Exaltation of the Cross of the Lord (40 days from the Transfiguration)	September 27
Introduction to the temple of the Most Holy Theotokos	4 december
†Nativity	Jan. 7
	January 19
† Presentation of the Lord (40 days A.D.)	February, 15
Annunciation of the Most Holy Theotokos (9 months BC)	7 april
†Transfiguration	August 19
Dormition of the Most Holy Theotokos	August 28

Moving (rolling) holidays... The moving part of the church calendar moves along with the changing date of the celebration from year to year. All "mobile" holidays are counted from Easter and move in the space of the "secular" calendar along with it.

Twelve rolling holidays:

Twelve feast days have one day of the forefeast, with the exception of the Nativity of Christ, which has 5 days of the forefeast and the Epiphany, which has 4 days of the forefeast.

The number of days after the feast is not the same - from 1 to 8 days, depending on the greater or lesser proximity of some holidays to others or to the days of fasting.
Some of the Lord's feasts, in addition, are preceded and concluded by special Saturdays and weeks (Sundays).

The services of the twelve festivals of the fixed circle are in menstruation. The services of the Twelve Great Feasts of the Rolling Circle are located in Lenten and Tsvetnoy.

In Russia, until 1925, the twelve holidays were both church and civil.

Great non-twelve holidays:

The feast days of the Nativity and the Beheading of John the Baptist, the Circumcision of the Lord, the Protection of the Most Holy Theotokos, the Holy Primate Apostles Peter and Paul, have no forefeast, afterfeast or giving.

• Bishop Alexander Mileant
• Yu. Ruban
• Holidays of the Christmas cycle Yu. Ruban
• Twelfth holidays prot. Alexander Men
• Troparia of the twelve feasts

Christian holidays

Christian holidays- certain days of the church calendar, marked by services of an individual liturgical nature. This is fixed in the names of the holidays and "times of penitence", the dates and the order of their celebration, as well as in the content of the texts performed during the service. Their purpose and meaning is the remembrance, glorification and theological interpretation of the key stages of the history of Salvation, which is embodied mainly in the events of the earthly life of Jesus Christ (Savior), and the Virgin Mary - a real participant in this divine-human process. Hence - an exceptional place in the calendar of holidays dedicated to Him.

The holidays are distributed within two overlapping annual cycles - (Menaion) and (Triode, or Passover-Pentecostal). Celebrations and commemorative events of the first cycle are strictly fixed only by the dates of the month (for the dates of the Julian calendar in relation to the modern civil one, an amendment is required: n - 13 days, - for the XX-XXI centuries). The holidays of the second are fixed only on the days of the week, being rigidly correlated with Easter, which is the starting point for the entire moving annual cycle. The date of the latter moves within 35 days ("Easter limits"): from April 4 (March 22, O.S.) - to May 8 (April 25, O.S.).

The most important holidays of the modern Orthodox calendar are called "twelve", or "twelve" (from Slav. Two and ten - "twelve") (see). , as a "holiday feast", is outside this classification.

The second step in the festive hierarchical ladder is occupied by the holidays, which are called "great" in liturgical usage. These include: Protection of the Most Holy Theotokos (1/14 October), Circumcision of the Lord and the memory of St. Basil the Great (1/14 January), the Nativity of John the Baptist (24 June / 7 July), commemoration of the supreme appointees. Peter and Paul (June 29 / July 12), the Beheading of John the Baptist (August 29 / September 11), as well as, according to some old calendars, the repose (death) of ap. John the Theologian (September 26 / October 9), commemoration of St. Nicholas, Archbishop Mir of Lycia (December 6/19) and the transfer of his relics from Mir to the Italian city of Bari (May 9/22).

All other numerous holidays are dedicated to disembodied forces (common holiday - Cathedral of the Archangel Michael, November 8/21), Old Testament and Christian saints, remembrance of significant events in Sacred Biblical and Christian history, the appearance of miraculous icons, and the discovery of relics.
The constant canonization of new saints means a continuous replenishment of the Christian calendar.

The Church Charter (Typikon) provides for the gradation of all holidays into five categories according to the degree of solemnity of the performance of their services, which is recorded with special signs (the sixth category has no sign). The feast day of any church (whose name he bears) is equated for him in the liturgical aspect with the twelve feasts. The same degree of solemnity can be inherent in "locally revered" holidays, even those having a modest liturgical status at the general church level.

The common holidays for all Christians are, first of all, Easter and the Nativity of Christ (the latter, as a special calendar celebration, does not have the Armenian and other Monophysite churches). The most important annual holidays are basically the same for Orthodox Christians and Catholics (because they are based on the same events in sacred history), but differ in dates, often names and semantic nuances, as well as in the nature of the celebration.
Many saints of the one Church are equally revered: the eastern ones in the West, the western ones in the East (Basil the Great - Ambrose of Mediolansky, etc.). But the saints of one Church who lived after the division of the Churches (1054) can be venerated in another Church mainly at the local level, with the permission of the church authorities. The official Catholic calendar, for example, includes the names of Sts. Kirill Turovsky (May 11), Anthony of Pechersky (July 24), Equal to the Apostles Olga and Vladimir (July 27 and 28), Boris and Gleb (August 5), Sergius of Radonezh (October 8); the Vladimir Icon of the Mother of God is also honored (September 7).
Protestants, rejecting the veneration of the Mother of God, saints, relics and icons, do not have their respective holidays in their calendars.

He studies holidays in the context of the general process of forming the church calendar (literally "holiday studies") - an auxiliary historical discipline, one of the sections of academic liturgy.

Liturgical texts are contained in the Service, in 12 volumes (for fixed holidays), Lenten and Color (for mobile), the Festive Menaion, as well as in numerous editions of services for individual holidays, often containing historical references, comments, notation and other appendices.

“How to celebrate a holiday? We celebrate an event (to delve into the greatness of the event, its purpose, its fruit for believers) or a person, such as: the Lord, the Mother of God, Angels and Saints (to delve into the attitude of that person towards God and humanity, into its beneficial influence on the Church of God , at all). It is necessary to delve into the history of the event or person, approach the event or person, otherwise the holiday will be imperfect, not pleasing. Holidays should have an impact on our life, should revive, warm up our faith (hearts) in future blessings and nourish pious, good morals. "

The multinational and numerous Russian people are rich in all kinds of celebrations. These include a variety of memorable dates, church and professional holidays, days of military glory. And only 8 of them are celebrated in every family, regardless of nationality, profession, age and gender by all its members. These days are specially marked in the calendar and are public holidays in Russia.

New Year

• Vietnam,
• Israel,
• China,
• Korea,
• Mongolia,
• Thailand,
• Cambodia,
• Sri Lanka,
• as well as the inhabitants of Tibet and the Deccan plateau in India, most of the Muslim countries.

In Russia, up to the 15th century, the New Year, according to the Julian calendar, was celebrated in March, on the day of the vernal equinox. In the 15th century, “the first day of the year” was postponed to September 1. Only in the era of Peter the Great did the new year begin on January 1.

At the end of the 19th century, he ceased to be a worker, and in Stalin's times, Soviet citizens began to work again on this day. Only after the end of the Great Patriotic War, January 1 again became a day off. In the early 90s, January 2 was added to 1, and at the beginning of 2000, the public holiday New Year was celebrated by residents of Russia on vacation, during the first five days of January. Since 2013, January 6 and 8 have been added to the Russian New Year holidays.

At this time, Christmas trees are traditionally decorated in houses, festive dishes are prepared, Santa Claus is expected, and to the chiming of the Kremlin chimes, they raise glasses of champagne and make secret wishes that will surely come true in the coming year.

Christmas

Most states of the world, including Russia, celebrate the Christian church holiday of Christmas at the state level. In addition to fascinating church rituals and services, numerous secular traditions of celebrating the birth of the Savior are widespread in our country.

January 7 became an official state celebration back in the 10th century. In the 17th-18th centuries, the tradition of the Christmas Nativity Theater came to Russia from the west, at the end of the 19th century it was already customary to decorate the Christmas tree, and at the beginning of the 20th, Santa Claus began to come to Russian children with gifts.

For a long time, the Soviet government considered Christmas to be an alien celebration. Only in 1935 the Christmas traditions were transformed into New Year ones and returned to the Soviet people. In 1937, the heroine of the Russian folk tale Snow Maiden, who descended from the stage of the country's main Christmas tree, became an integral character of the script. Christmas became an official public holiday in Russia in 1991.

Defender of the Fatherland Day

On February 23, Russian families celebrate an important public holiday - Defender of the Fatherland Day. Many former members of the Soviet Union on the territory of the new states have established their own alternative dates, but their residents still congratulate their men on February 23.

The Day of the Soviet Army and Navy in the USSR began to be celebrated starting in 1922 in honor of the 5th anniversary of the creation of the Red Army. On this day in 1918, the Soviet government proclaimed the need to create its own military structure, and the date itself became the birthday of the armed forces of post-revolutionary Russia.

On February 23, it is customary to congratulate all men, as well as women military personnel and military veterans. In Moscow, commemorative wreaths are solemnly laid at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, and the evening sky above the city is illuminated with a festive fireworks.

International Women's Day

Probably everyone knows that the tradition of celebrating the women's holiday appeared after American workers spoke out against harsh working conditions. The indignation of overseas colleagues was actively supported by European communists - fighters for women's rights.

Until the 1920s, America and Europe saw a boom in various events that would involve the public in women's issues. In Russia, fashionable enlightened ladies of St. Petersburg first celebrated this day in 1913. Since 1921, the party and the government have made the March 8 celebration a state one with an openly political connotation. A wise time has preserved a wonderful holiday in the form of the day of all women in the first days of the long-awaited spring.

Spring and Labour Day

The infamous demonstration of workers in Chicago on May 1, 1886, demanding a reduction in working hours to 8 hours, became the starting point in the tradition of demonstrating workers defending their rights on this day. For many decades, the meaning of May Day has been interpreted in the light of the irreconcilability of class confrontation.

Modern people of different professions in 66 countries of the world consider this holiday deeply theirs. On the territory of the former Soviet Union on May 1, it is customary to gather with large families and noisy companies, go out into nature, cook barbecue and enjoy the first warm days.

Victory Day

The most exciting holiday filled with pride and bright memory for all civilized people of all ages, nationalities and religions is the Victory Day of our grandfathers and great-grandfathers in the bloodiest war in the history of mankind.

On May 9, veterans are congratulated everywhere, flowers are laid on the graves of the deceased heroes, wonderful songs of those times are performed, which helped to live and survive. Television gives you a meeting with your favorite movie heroes, the main square of the country welcomes a military parade, and citizens admire the valor of the Russian Army with bated breath. The apogee of the holiday in large and small cities of the country is a grandiose fireworks.

Russia Day

Celebrated on June 12, Russia Day is the youngest of the galaxy of the most important modern holidays. In 2002, it was enshrined at the legislative level and today is a day of good-neighborliness and unity of all citizens living in the state.

National Unity Day

Since 2005, November 4 has been celebrated in Russia as the day of national unity. On this day - the day of the icon of the Kazan Mother of God - in 1612, the Russian army led by Minin and Pozharsky liberated Moscow from the Polish-Lithuanian invaders. In 1649 it was declared a state celebration. After the October Revolution, the holiday was forgotten and returned only at the beginning of the XXI century.

It is obvious that every public holiday in Russia has its deep roots, great meaning, it helps people to unite around a common bright idea and once again think. Happy Holidays!

Holidays in Russia are officially established holidays. Some of them remain from the historical periods of past years, the rest are inextricably linked with the modern history of Russia - the change in ideology, the acquisition of sovereignty. A significant part of the holidays in Russia is occupied by professional holidays. On these days, representatives of a certain profession, a certain field of activity are honored.

All holidays today

All public and professional holidays in Russia, including significant World and International holidays, and other equally interesting holidays, dates and events.

Orthodox, church holiday

Holidays of the Russian Orthodox Church dedicated to one or another important for Orthodox people, church event. Church Orthodox holidays include such important holidays as the Baptism of the Lord, the Entry of the Lord into Jerusalem and others. Some Orthodox holidays are known even to those who are far from religion.

Today is an Orthodox church holiday:

Tomorrow:

Holidays Expected:
20.03.2020 -
21.03.2020 -
22.03.2020 -
23.03.2020 -
24.03.2020 -

Folk holidays and signs

Folk holidays of Russia- this is Christmas, Maslenitsa, Easter, Trinity, Ivan Kupala. Today, the national holidays of Russia and church traditions are so closely intertwined that even in the national and Orthodox calendars, many holidays coincide - the Nativity of the Virgin, Intercession, Epiphany, Annunciation and others.

Non-working holidays in Russia- additional days off related to holidays.
Professional holidays- are established in recognition of the merits of workers in various sectors of the national economy and various fields of activity.
Memorable days- are established in honor of significant events and significant dates in world history or the history of Russia.
Days of Military Glory (Victory Days) of Russia- are established to commemorate the glorious victories of the Russian troops, which played a decisive role in the history of Russia.
Memorable dates of Russia- officially established memorable dates in the history of the Fatherland, associated with the most important historical events in the life of the state and society.