Lean attitude to things. Children's careful attitude towards things and subjects. Ethical culture education
In the pre-school period, children master action skills with objects, toys, books, personal belongings.
The purpose of raising children - careful attitude to things and subjects
- Adjusting to preschoolers of the skills of proper handling of things.
- Education of the careful relationship of preschoolers to things and subjects, to personal and public property (staircase, elevator, to the courtyard buildings), etc.
- Formation of skills and skills related to preparing for any activity, i.e. to teach your child to prepare your workplace, all materials related to the upcoming activities, plan their time on this activity and bring the work started to the end.
- Education of the ability to notice uncertainty in clothing, in the room, put yourself in order, develop a sense of satisfaction from cleanliness and order.
- Elder children teach the most economical techniques of work, bring up the careful attitude of preschoolers to things and subjects since childhood.
- Parently treat materials and tools. Bring up a culture of employment.
It is known that a little child can not independently organize its activities (how and what to play, engage in), so adults are the organizers of children's activities, his parents. It is under their leadership that any activity of preschool children acquires meaningfulness, focus.
Education of the careful relationship of preschoolers to things and subjects since childhood
Let's look at such examples:
Educating the careful relationship of preschoolers to things and human objects
The child needs to take care of the work of moms, dads, grandparents, babysitting, babies in kindergarten. Children do not notice that without worrying about the purity of their suit, dresses, towels, deliver a lot of hassle adults and things quickly acquire an unsightly look. Educator T.I. After washing, he invited children to see their towels and commented on the face of a towel: "Petya Towel says that he did not rinse his hands, dark spots remained on it. This is because my owner is badly washing hands and tomorrow will wipe off a dirty towel. Tani Towen says that she is well done. Vitya did not hang a towel, and it was offended by him. " Thus, ti He taught children purely wash his hands, explaining that it is necessary not only for the purity of the hands, but also the towel serves longer, and it is easier to wash it. In addition, she taught children to ensure that the towels carefully hung, so as not to eat and had the opportunity to dry up after wiping hands and face.
Moral, ethical and spiritual education
Plan
1. The process of education. Directions of education. Methods of education.
2. Moral education
3. Ethical education
4. Spiritual education
- Moral education
Raising the child's skills and habits that contribute to the formation of moral behavior should be carried out in unity with all other tasks of education.
The educator should develop the following qualities in the child.
Politeness.This quality decorates, makes an attractive growing person, causes him sympathy for others.
Delicacy.The one who is delicate will never give a reason to show his superiority, will not impose his own society, contrary to his desire, ask inappropriate questions or exercise excessive curiosity.
Suitable. This moral quality is manifested in concern about people, the ability to empathize, help, console.
Sense of tact. It is a regulator of a person's actions, his relationship with people.
Warning. Having achieved warns from a child, the teacher seeks that she manifest itself from his kind motivation to pay attention to help close and surrounding people.
Modesty. This moral feature characterizes genuine liction. A modest person does not try to seem original, does not protrude his "me", behaves simply, naturally, with dignity. Scratching is accompanied by respect and sensitivity to people and at the same time high demanding to themselves.
Hardworking. The trait character that has a huge social value. It manifests itself in activity, conscientiousness, leaning, respect for work, as well as in the desire to do what is set.
Discipline.The discipline manifests itself in the culture of feelings, actions, needs.
Ethical culture education
Gutener, solving the social tasks of upbringing, should rely on a reasonable and moral in man and help the pupil to determine the value grounds for their own livelihoods, to gain a sense of responsibility for the preservation of the moral bases of societies;!. Applying the knowledge of the ethics, as the science of the moral life of a person, the educator is able to reach the deep ethical dialogue with the pupil about the main matters of the human existence of life. To implement the ethical education of the child
the knowledge of the holistic system of the foundations of ethical culture is necessary. The technique involves a combination of ethical installation for friendly and respectful relationships with the forms of preventing conflict situations and a worthy exit of them.
Ethics - the field of human activity aimed at the internal improvement of the person, as this is the science of moral life of a person.
The structure of the ethical dialogue between the educator and the pupil should be based on the principles of the age approach. It should be aimed at influence through the emotional saturation of the occupation with a variety of methodological forms of incorporating the child in the game, creativity, activities, exercises, pedagogical tasks, tests, experiments that reveal the personal experience of a child who awaken his feelings and their own reflections.
It may be intriguing questions, dilemmas, judgments proposed for analysis situation, games, unfinished plot addressed to the child's letter.
An important semantic component of an ethical dialogue is to build a logical chain of development of thought. The main prompting of this development is the questions "Why?", "What do you think?". It is necessary to identify the questions very accurately and to take into the development of the plot of the dialogue those forms that the child will bring to the basis of the problem, the need is not abstract understanding, but in a specific aspect of the relationship of a person. The thread of the child's reasoning should bring it with the help of an educator to understand his own personality, his experience.
Ethics communication
First of all, a child from the small years needs to be instilled. Etiquette expresses the content of those OLS other principles of morality in the broad sense of the word.
Etiquette is an important part of universal culture, morality, morality.
The main task of the educator is to teach the child everywhere and respect the society as a whole and every member separately, treat the people around the people as it belongs to himself. The culture of human relations, a child communication with peers, with people of different ages play an important role in life. If a child learn to communicate culturally with close, familiar, he will also behave with unfamiliar people.
In each era - their own style of communication, each society has its own rules of behavior, but there are values \u200b\u200bof universal, and it is the basis of them developing a culture of any parody. An integral part of the culture is etiquette, folding claims.
Education of morality begins with the cradle. When a mother smiles a child, he rejoices him - this is the upbringing of the deepest morality, friendly relations to the world. The central figure in society, from which the future of the child depends - the educator.
From early childhood, the child enters into a complex system relationship with the surrounding people and acquires the experience of social behavior. To form a child from a child, to educate conscious, active attitude to the entrusted case, a sense of partnership should begin with children's age.
With daily communication with the child, the tutor has the opportunity to constantly exercise it in good behavior, which contributes to the development of habits.
Every day the child greets and says goodbye, removes the toy after the game, wash it, dressed for a walk and strips. Every day he has to gently hang clothes, put shoes, etc. Thus, the child not only practically mastering various skills and skills, according to and mastering certain norms of behavior.
The educator teachs the child to greet with the educator, parents, guests who can come to the house during the day, on the street with acquaintances, neighbors. Multiple exercises will help him to realize the general rule: it is necessary to heart up with everyone who saw on this day for the first time. Such a constant connection forms a positive habit in children. It is important and how will be said by the child "Hello" or "Good Morning", because the external form of courtesy expresses respect and friendly attitude towards others. The child must adapt willingly and friendly, without reminder. Each case of irresistible should not be considered as a fact of manifestation of ignorance. It is very important to determine why the child did not say hello to help him cope with the problem. Often he greets formally, without understanding the meaning of this rule. OSO :; Has the value of the rules, he begins to actively use them, and gradually follow these rules becomes for the norm of behavior.
Careful attitude to things
Before the educator is a task to raise a careful attitude towards things. Its solution requires a large patience of the teacher. Baby taught to hang clothes, fold things. The educator must form a child from the child and self-service skills. For example, it introduces the rule: "each thing is its place" - and strictly controls its execution. On concrete examples, the tutor shows a child, why it is important and necessary to follow this rule. When all things are in place, you can get dressed faster, they can be comfortable to use, and they are better saved.
Creating cultural habits can be started with the upbringing of accuracy and cleanliness. Already from a three-year-old child, a child himself, with some help of the educator, dress up, to put his bed, remove the room.
Spiritual education
Spirituality is the quality that is laid from childhood. The child needs to be accustomed to appreciate and understand the beauty that you can see in everything - in the surrounding nature, in sound, color. In the usual, everyday life can be seen.
From infancy, you need to bring up respect for knowledge - the true engine of evolution. You can trace the development of science in the last half a century and show the examples of its achievements.
The child should explain that our planet is not a separate world, it is only one of many in the universe. The basics of astronomy will renovate the first thoughts about life in the distant worlds. The space will revive, asthochemistry and rays will fill the idea of \u200b\u200bthe greatness of the universe. The child will give himself a bearer of the Spirit, responsible for the entire planet. To do this, you need to familiarize the child with the magnitude of the universe using a microscope and a telescope. You can conduct an excursion to the observatory or planetarium. No need to fear that the child will not understand the shown. He will not only remember what he saw, but also get huge joy.
The task of the educator is to familiarize yourself with wildlife, such as bees, ants, tell about migratory birds. Natural history should be presented as fully as possible and more exciting. On the examples of the plant and animal kingdom, give to understand what treasures are laid in a person. If relatively low organisms feel the foundations of being, then the person must make efforts to succeed. From the very first lessons, the child must learn to rejoice in the wonders of life.
From the small years it is necessary to pay attention to the child's beauty. In each person, the tendency to music is laid since birth, but without education she sleeps. A person should listen to music and singing, and it will awaken the feeling of beautiful. Without awareness of the sound of music, it is impossible to understand the sound of nature. It is important to hear the song of a waterfall, river or ocean, the wind that will bring his melody. For beauty you need to open the child's eyes.
Often enough one phrase, one story, to the eye of the child forever comprehend the beauty of the world.
The expansion of consciousness and horizons should be the basis and purpose of upbringing.
A great place is given to children's and youthful literature. The tutor should not only instill love for the book, but also to teach read thoughtfully and carefully: not the eyes, but the brain and heart should read.
The child needs to be raised on the examples of heroes and devotees. Children love folk heroes. The child admires the feats and dreams of seeing himself in their place. Patriotism is a high, noblest and sacred feeling. True patriotism is manifested in disinterested love to their homeland, respect for the peoples inhabiting our world.
The value and influence of the book on the child's consciousness are infinite. Often, the first read books give impetus and send to the entire further development of thinking.
The educator must instill respect for the pronounced concept. The child must realize that the word can hurt a person, and, on the contrary, a good word is able to heal. The educator must instill a child's sense of personal responsibility for every motivation, for every thought and act.
The educator needs to develop the attention of the pupil. The kid must assimilate that the unobservant person is similar to the blind and deaf. It is especially important to encourage the child to express your opinion about the read, heard and seen. Such discussions will launch the basis of thinking. It is useful in the evening to analyze the last day. Ask a child with whom he met, what was talking about. What he liked, and what actions of the people around others may have offended him as he reacted to it.
A older child can keep a diary, which marks everything good what was done per day, and all the mistakes that were allowed. At the same time, starting a new day, let it decide to prevent a certain act during the entire day, for example, irritation, rudeness, lies, or, on the contrary, to approve special care, politeness and care to others. Maintaining such a diary, with the purpose of self-analysis, will very help the eradication of unwanted habits and approval of new and useful.
Hence the sense of responsibility for every thought, word and action should be born. The child should be learning to understand the meaning of every thought, every act, every manifestation in nature, where nothing can be meaningless and impunity.
Mead of adult children often leaves sideways. They climbed onto a pedestal of their own years and in no way wish to lie from there. With children, they turn as if they also lived at thirty years on white light, and no worse adults know how to work.
IN raising Today's children are traced everywhere. Parents belong to the child, as a adult, who boils the role of him, which is still not at all on the shoulder. According to some ridiculous misunderstanding, such an attitude is called us "respect for the child's personality." This most respect should be expressed in providing him with the same rights and freedoms that is in an adult.
In fact, of course, it turns out Chepukha, and a huge tangle of problems in the modern gross out of this relationship. Adults today forgot the simple truth, which our ancestors knew perfectly well at all times: the child was not equal to an adult and not equal to him.
Consider This is the example of our today's problem. The child, as you know, should be a personal space: his own room, his bed, his things, and his favorite toys. From this simple approval, adults are walked out that things the child should be in full and unconditional power of the child. Apparently, the widespread dissemination of the ideas of democracy in our enlightened time. However, the bright ideas of democracy, common on family relationships, begin to fail, as well as every tool applied not to the place.
Baby teach: This thing is yours, you want with her, then you do. Perfectly - thinks child, and breaks the thing. An adult is not clear this behavior, he begins to be angry: why broke? The child is perplexed, what is the cause of anger, because the thing was him! I want to break, I wanted - I do not break. By the way, I want a new toy, because this broken, I'm not interested in me.
On the face communicative failure, Wines for which - entirely and completely emerge on adult. How did he take that rejoicing a new helicopter on radio control - such an obvious bad idea? She doesn't seem like a child, he is still small, and can not analyze so deeply! He thinks a short step: I want to see what inside - you need to get rid. The fact that later the thing will be in disrepair, he does not think and predict his future displeasure from the loss of toys is not able. And the adult mercilessly took this duty at him, and accused the child in his failure when he expected did not cope.
"But how to teach child Leather attitude to things, if not by diligent explanation? "- You ask. Well, firstly, you don't need to clog the child with contradictions, these grains of schizophrenia. To say that the thing belongs to the child - it means to realize what he can do with it, Whatever, and you are not in the right to scold him or punish it. So, or you are set up with such a move of events, or you don't need to give it a child, explaining to him that she is now "His".
It is usually done from the following considerations: The toy that the child will consider his own, will be more expensive to him, he will be preserved her. But the child, as we found out, breaks the toys not from harmful or evil intent, but simply because it does not know how to predict the consequences of their own actions. Therefore, to educate in it. Responsibility should not be provided by providing him with the right, as in an adult, but the natural method of any education: clearly established rules.
What the child has There are personal things, it does not mean that you have no power over them. The lawyers are well known the difference between the right of use and the right of ownership, and they will confidently tell you that this is not the same thing. In her house you are a full-awake dictator, and the child breathe happily under your dictatorship. You give him a toy, but you have the right to pick it up at any time.
And your S. baby relationship Regulated by the rules you have installed. The rules are needed in order to navigate this, while such an incomprehensible world. Therefore, you learn his obedience, so you set your rules. All this does not make an infringeable person from the child, as many impressionable mothers seem to be many impressionable mothers. On the contrary, such relationships should be better contributed to the upbringing in the child of this very person.
What should be the rules governing the relationship of the child to things and raising the right attitude towards things? For example, such:
1. Mom and dad bought you here this toy. What should I say? Who needs to kiss?
2. Mom and dad give you this toy, you can play with her.
3. You can play with her at your free time when you do not ask for anything else: there is, walk, sleep, do and learn, anything else.
4. The toy should know his place. Played - put in place, do not scatter.
5. If the toy is not in place, mom and dad take it - for a while. This is not a punishment, so it is meaningless to ask for forgiveness. It is simply a rule. Do not want the toy to disappear - put in place.
6. The toy requires a relationship. If it is offended, thrown into the dirt, beat - parents take the toy for a while. Do not want this - take care of the thing.
It is only approximate Rules, they can be installed as you like at your own discretion. For example, a tablet or computer can also have a temporary limit of the game, acting regardless of other circumstances, and in other toys can only be played when lessons are made, or other mandatory requirements are made. The designer must always be assembled in the box immediately after the game, and the expensive phone cannot be taken for a walk - and so on.
The main thing is that these regulations They were clearly installed before the start of "operation". And not threatening tone (you are a dictator, not a tyrant), and in the form of a friendly explanation of the rules, as it happens before any other game - the match in football, for example. Following the rules - the ability to continue to freely play with toys. Violation of the rules - penalty points and deprivation of favorite items at a certain time.
Only so possible with time work out In the child the right attitude towards things. And attempts to imagine your child many times more adults and understands than he currently is actually.
2.4 Culture of activity, careful attitude to things, toys, books, nature - an important component of culture of behavior
The culture of labor and behavior is the qualities that are indicative of human attitude towards their work, people, society and testify to his social maturity. Their foundations are laid in childhood, and then continue to develop and improve. In the pre-school period, the child seizes the skills of a culture of actions with objects in games, work, in class, i.e. In the process of activity. Playing, doing, performing the worst labor orders at home and in kindergarten in the society of peers, the child assimilates the positive experience of relations to people, to work, things.
It is necessary to instill children ability to correctly handle toys, books, benefits, personal belongings, carefully refer to public property; To form skills of the skills associated with preparing for the upcoming activities (games, classes, work) i.e. teach a child to prepare a workplace and all the necessary items and materials with which he will play and engage; Clearly and consistently organize your activities, plan time in the process of activity, to bring started to the end. Upon completion of the activities, put in order to put your workplace, carefully remove after yourself, which was used, folded toys, books, educational materials in this form and in such a way to ensure their safety and ease of use next time; Wash your hands after classes with clay or labor orders.
Senior preschoolers vaccinate the elementary skills of organizing free time in accordance with the routine of life at home and in kindergarten, the desire to be busy useful.
Under the leadership of adults, the child's activity acquires focus, meaningability, becomes an important means of education.
It is important to learn to treat children to public property as your personal thing. The teacher explains to children: "Everything that is in kindergarten is toys, dishes, furniture - yours, mine, our, in general, belongs to all. This is necessary to take care, otherwise there will be nothing to play and engage, and in the group will become uncomfortable. " Where this thought inspires constantly, children quickly master the firm skills of the correct handling with all their subjects. The formation of a careful attitude towards public property is closely associated with the education of collectivist traits. Only when in the mind of the child's Consciousness "I", "My" gradually as a result of interaction with peers, expands to the concepts of "we", "our", he begins to take care of things belonging to others.
It is necessary to accustom correctly, handle learning aids. Proper handling of materials and benefits that are necessary for various occupations - drawing, modeling, appliqué, etc., an important task in preparing a child to school. It is necessary to modernly teach it economically spending paper and glue, use simple and colored pencils, brush and paints, etc., contain all this in a proper order.
Also special attention should be paid to the correct handling of the book. The book is one of the treasures of the spiritual richness of man. Books make us smarter and adult. Books teach us, amusing, please.
To the sixth year of life, children acquire skills that help them organize their activities, prepare everything you need for game, labor or classes; Determine your place to be comfortable, do not interfere with others. If the child is not accustomed to this, his activity loses focus and depends on the chance. If we do not bring up the ability to prepare for the upcoming business in the child, then the lack of this valuable skill will affect the future when he becomes a schoolboy. It is useful to clarify that any activity - requires a certain preparation: it is necessary to foresee what toys or benefits will be required. Once again, to remind you that the child does not start the case until it seems that everything is necessary prepared.
Older children should be accustomed to foresee what and how they intend to do, mentally representing the plan of their actions. The future schoolboy should know the rules to help organize upcoming, its move and completion (see Appendix 4)
In case of targeted education, the child is formed a habit of being busy; The ability to independently organize their interests on interest, the ability to do what is needed, to spend its energy for reasonable activities. These habits are the basis for the pre-school development of the organizationalness of the future schoolboy.
But the main thing is to raising the importance of childhood activities, which is what its content, stability and durability, which she teaches what moral qualities is developing in a child. Adults must lead children's activities: to be able to create conditions for a variety of games, labor, classes, teach a child to organize their activities; help involve it in games, classes, work; If it is necessary to assist him in choosing and forming various activities, in expanding its content, achieving the goal.
Each type of childhood activity (games, labor, occupation) creates favorable opportunities for certain educational problems associated with the formation of culture of the behavior of preschoolers.
In the game to form moral feelings, moral consciousness and moral actions, collectivist skills, friendly relations, the ability to follow the game rules, with the overall plan. In class - culture of educational activities, the ability to behave in accordance with the rules, discipline, organization, respect for the word teacher, to the general task. In the process of labor activity - hard work, thrift, accuracy, sense of responsibility, the ability to act together, rationally apply the instrument of labor and those skills and skills that provide the greatest performance. In the process of any type of activity, you need to exercise a wide range of educational problems associated with the formation of moral consciousness, moral feelings and habits that are the basis of cultural behavior.
Guiding any type of activity, adults can influence the child, on its moral manifestations, judgments, attitudes towards peers, expand and clarify the knowledge, to form his attitude to society, to people, to work, to their duties.
So, in this chapter, we considered the concept of culture of the behavior, its components and their essence. Allocated the main tasks for the formation of culture of behavior, their content and relevance. It was concluded that the effective formation of a culture of the behavior of senior preschoolers is carried out in the unity and integrity of the use of various types of activities (game, work, classes).
Chapter 3 Methods of moral education and formation of culture of the behavior of children of senior preschool age.
3. 1 Analysis of programs for the organization of moral education and formation of culture of behavior
Analyzing comprehensive educational programs adopted by modern education practices can conclude that the section "Moral education" declaratively allocated only in the traditional "training program and education", where the "Music Education" section, the plot-role game and collective labor of children . In other comprehensive programs, the content of moral orientation is fragmentary introduced into some sections. So, for example, in the program "The origins" and "rainbow" the tasks of the formation of moral culture are solved in the section "Cognitive development" and "social development". In the program, "Childhood" edited by V.I. Loginovoy - in the section "Child in the world of people and subjects", in particular in the "Communication and Culture Culture" block emphasizes attention to the formation of culture of the behavior of preschoolers.
Based on the analysis of the content of regulatory documents oriented to the formation of a child's personal culture basis in preschool age, and correlated targets, firstly, with the content of the "moral culture" section presented in modern educational programs and, secondly, with The real practice of organizing the educational process in the DOU (analysis of a promising, calendar plan, monitoring the organization of the educational process in the class), allocate the following flaws:
It is not sufficiently structured, the moral aspect of personal culture is substantively registered and integrated.
The principles of the selection of a detention that introduces the child to the irreversive universal values, accessible to the understanding of the child in preschool age, does not exclude the possibility of a random selection of the content emanating from the subjective vision of the teacher.
Thus, the absence of a certain system of work on the establishment of a moral culture of children can lead to the fact that the sensitive period is characterized by the fact that children know how to consciously manage the behavior, and their moral feelings have a big fascinating force than other motives, may remain Teachers unnoticed.
In general, it should be noted that the question of the moral formation of a person has a number of specific features, in connection with which it is quite difficult to distinguish it and allocate in a separate section. So the process of moral education is the organization of children for overcoming and resolving vital contradictions, problems, elections, conflicts and clashes, which should be implemented in all activities throughout the daily life of the child. Therefore, for a more in-depth and effective formation of this process, special methodological benefits for the formation of a culture of behavior will be most rational, since they allow the educator to implement their tasks in the section "Cognitive development", while preventing additional loads for children, as it would be With the introduction of specialized culture activities.
So, for example, a methodological manual "What I know about myself" edited by L.S. Kolmogorova is intended for teachers, educators engaged in children of senior preschool age. His goal is to form the foundations of the value attitude towards himself and other, adults and peers.
The manual includes a block of specially organized classes, which is provided by plans-abstracts. Classes suggest the orientation of the child in the phenomena of their own life, in itself, understanding and awareness of themselves, their actions, desires on a moral basis.
This kind of methodological manuals make it possible to smoothly implement the aspects of morality into the main program of education and training of senior preschoolers in kindergarten.
3. 2 Education of the culture of behavior from the standpoint of modern etiquette
The culture of behavior helps to communicate a person with others, provides him with emotional well-being and comfortable well-being. The first ideas about the norm of behavior adopted in society, the child receives in the family and in kindergarten.
The child knows a lot about the world around the world and from its own observations, the task of the educator is to expand and adjust these knowledge, bring them to the system, generally accepted in society.
In the etiquette behavior, the significance of the moral aspect is high, so it is necessary to constantly pay the attention of children. Respect for the identity of the child, understanding, friendliness and trust create the best conditions for the formation of etiquette behavior. To contact the children is preferably by name, they will also teach them to appeal by name and patronymic. Having experienced the joy of communicating with the educator, children always expect a meeting with him, believe in the rightness of his words. The necessary mood creates the procedure for conducting the procedure for conducting behavior in the group, in the class in which the main rules are the following: to empathize, show friendly participation and patience; friendly perceive others; Do not give up participation in games and exercises; Do not shove your ignorance and inability; don't be afraid to make mistakes; Do not laugh at others. It is very important to introduce into the consciousness of the child the need to understand your place in the world, since there is no complete equality between the father and son, the old and small, educator and the preschooler. The first has experience, knowledge, priority of the situation and much more. The second only begins life, proceeds to study. He can become equal to the first, having done a huge, serious and difficult work on him. The awareness of its place does not mean that the first is disrespectful to the second, are not considered with their opinions, do not listen to their wishes. The basis of the development of society consists in the interaction of the others, their mutual understanding of mutual assistance. This awareness occurs both in the family and in the kindergarten group. The formation of the foundations of behavioral culture passes a kind of cycle, which includes: a) knowledge of the etiquette rule; b) understanding of its intelligence and necessity; c) the ability to apply it pragmatically; d) emotional experience from its execution. . (See Appendix 5)
It is important that the child, having acquainted with the or behavioral demand, distinguished good from the bad. Passing this cycle, return to the rule studied, but at a higher level. For the upbringing of etiquette behavior, the following conditions are necessary:
1. Positive mood. You can not forget or offend any of the pupils, for what is used by name, praise, prizes and other ways of learning, fascizing children
2. Example of adults, primarily the educator. The child observes and evaluates adults. It is advisable to always assess your behavior from the standpoint of evidence of rationality, the need to comply with etiquette, compliance with his own instructive words, the actions of the educator should be aimed at achieving the main goal - to create the development of the child's personality in creative, friendly, friendly situation.
3. Communication with the family is a necessary condition that allows you to preserve the unity of the requirements and continuity of education The common goal of the family and kindergarten is a well-educated cultural and educated person.
A large role in training and educating behavioral culture is played by a native language. Learning proper, beautiful behavior contributes to the speech development of the pupil. For this purpose, it is necessary to expand the circle of ethical behavioral concepts from a child, which is achieved with the help of dictionary work.
Education of the culture of behavior from the standpoint of modern etiquette is carried out under the observance of pedagogical and etiquette principles. Education of children is carried out in the process of activity, with the unity of the requirements of the educator and parents; Pedagogical leadership is combined with the development of children's initiatives and amateur activities, the age and individual characteristics of children are taken into account.
Principles of learning: scientific, encyclopedicism, visibility, systematicity, consciousness and activity of children, strength of training, individualization of the development of pupils.
The principles of etiquette: the intelligence and necessity of behavioral rules, goodwill and friendliness, strength and beauty of behavior manner, the absence of small things, respect for national traditions.
Main methods of pedagogical impact on children:
1. Teaching: Children gives a certain sample of behavior, for example at the table, during the game, in a conversation with older or peers. It should not only be shown, but also to monitor the accuracy of the implementation of a rule.
2. Exercise: repeatedly repeats this or that action, for example, correctly taking a knife and plug into hand, cut a piece of meat or sausage. An awareness of such use of cutlery should be achieved.
Z. Rising situations: Create conditions in which the child is in front of the choice, for example, to use a fork and a knife or one fork.
4. Promotion: It is carried out in various ways, activates preschoolers for learning, to choosing the right behavioral step.
5. Punishment: It is urgent rarely; Punishment leading to pain and physical suffering is not used; The condemnation of the educator and other children a negative act is directed to the occurrence of the desire to come well.
6. Example for imitation: is a kind of visual manner and needed to a child. They may have an educator, parent, familiar adult or child, literary (fabulous) hero.
7. A variety of verbal methods: Helps a more conscious study of behavioral rules, but, applying them, boring moralization and notation should be avoided. The story of real or fabulous history creates an emotional perception of behavioral rules.
The widespread use of folk moving games and ensures their safety and transmission from generation to generation. 2.2 Features of the application of folk games for the formation of skills of communication of children of senior preschool age The idea of \u200b\u200bscientific research of national games and their practical application in the upbringing received a justification in the works of V.G. Belinsky. ON THE. Dobrolyubov. N.G. Chernyshevsky and others ...
Trans with fixation of attention within himself. Rhythmoplasty as a whole produces aware ownership of its body associated with this psychological liberation. 1.3 The effect of rhythmoplasty on the process of forming a self-consciousness of children of senior preschool age in the conditions of modern Dow A.I.Burnin noted that in 5-7 years in children, the ability to fulfill the performance of various and complex ...
Classroom teacher:
Objectives: clarify the nature of the relationship of children to the subjects of human labor, to support socially apprehensible ideas of children about them; be able to behave correctly during the lesson and on change; Develop the creative abilities of children.
Equipment: on the sheets of the proverb (on the board); Poems and fairy tales in children.
Proverbs: "There is no work without hunting." "Gorky work, yes sweet bread." "Do not work hard and bread not achieve."
The course of the event.
1. Org. moment.
Reads Christina "Tale of spoiled books and good disciples."
In one village there was a school. And in that school there was a library in which various very interesting books were kept. Once students came to this library. They wanted to read. But they saw the children that books are in terrible condition. And they moan they cry bitterly. And meets the children of the Queen itself and says to schoolchildren:
Help the books, the trouble happened to them! Children came to our library and spoiled all the books.
And the children were together together, began to put books in order. Christina lined the pages, Valya revenge the bounds. Alesha folded in order sheets, Andryusha washed by the lastic lettering and laid books on the shelves in alphabetical order. Soon in the library all shine.
Joyful books giggles. And each of the guys told on an interesting story or a fairy tale. And thanked on the interruption of all children.
Finish Proposal:
- careful attitude towards things - this ...
- Effective man is such a person who ...
(A poster is hanging on the board)
Celebration is the desire to preserve the useful things created by the work of people.
(Students read poems)
The things themselves do not grow.
Things do - you need work.
pencil, notebook, feather,
Party, Boards, Table, Window,
Book, bag - take care;
Do not break, do not mni, do not RVI.
What rule is concluded in the poem?
(The teacher pays attention to the proverbs on the board)
Gorky work, yes sweet bread.
Without hunting no work.
Do not work hard and bread not achieve.
(Children read proverbs about labor)
What goes around comes around.
To live - only smoke the sky.
(Children read poems)
Offended party
(fable)
From the part of the pear pin -
Smolny, thick ...
Here to the party, the globe showed fate:
- What are you crying, dear?
And well, you wander the eyes
Yes, tell me about my misfortune ...
And the party creaked in response:
- I do not cute the white light!
I'm afraid to go to the spring on the layer,
More not enough forces.
Two letters Vitya studied
And both cut on me a knife.
After all, he will wave me a year,
While the whole alphabet will pass ...
Morality from Basni you
Thinking, withdraw yourself!
She belongs, alas,
Not to one twist.
Why did the party go?
Who offended her and how?
Do you come with your parties or tables at school, at home?
At home you were preparing stories and fairy tales about the inaccurability of a person to things.
(Children read fairy tales and stories)
Guys, in order for your school supplies, school property in order need to behave well in the lessons and change.
(Children read poems)
"HORMON"
What happened today at school?
No teacher, or what?
Occasioned first class
And raging a whole hour.
Raised the noise duty Misha.
He said: - Guys, quieter!
Cherry! - shout in response
Yura, Shura and Ahmet.
Hush hush! - Shortd
Kohl, Olya, Galya, Valya.
Hush - quieter - silence! -
Shouted Igor by the window.
Hush hush! Do not make noise!-
Spot Vitya, Mitya.
Silence! - on the whole class
Basa shouted Taras.
Here teacher Peña
Just came out of the patience
I wanted to run away ...
Suddenly the thombo appeared.
He looked all stern
And told the disciples:
Do not teach the other,
And the greasy is more silent!
What happened in the first class?
Why was the first class?
What did the disciples do to stop the noise in the classroom? What helped? Why?
What advice made all the thombas? Do you agree with him?
There are rules of behavior in the lesson.
To school should be coming on time, do not be late. If you are late for a valid reason, then you need to ask the teacher to enter the classroom. In the morning, coming to the class, you must say hello to the teacher, and then with the guys. If the class includes a teacher or adult, you need to get up. So children greet. It is necessary to get up together, while abide by silence. You need to sit only after the permission of the teacher. If you want to answer or ask, raise your hand. After the teacher's permission, stand up and say. "You are sitting at a sideline and behave adequately. The teacher will ask - you need to get up. When he will save - Sit down. "
(Poem "Two Cat")
Lived - there were two cats -
Eight paws, two tails.
Run together
Gray cats.
They rose with their pipe
Gray tails.
Bened day and night.
Away flew shreds.
And stayed from cats
Only tips tips.
Who do you remind you by your behavior of cats?
Why did cats come up?
How did cats come correctly when the fight began?
Have they managed to prove in a fight, which of them is right?
Think how they needed to do.
(Teacher reads a poem)
"Turn"
"Change, change!"
Poured a call.
The first Vova will certainly
Flies behind the threshold, flying out for the threshold
Seven knocked down.
Is it really Vova,
The extended all lesson?
Is it really Vova
Five minutes ago not a word
The board could not say?
If he is, it is undoubtedly
With him - a big change!
Do not huntion for Vova!
He, look what trouble!
He managed in five minutes
Redid a bunch of affairs.
He put three steps (Vaska, Ring and Sergei),
Swimmed by Kuvarka, on the railing sat down.
Famously slammed with the railing,
Podtaglika got
Gave someone to someone in words
Did everything that could!
Well, here - again the call ...
Vova in the class straight again.
Poor! No face on it!
Nothing, - sighs Vova, - in the lesson, rest!
(B. Nodoka)
Is Vova correctly coming out of the class after a call to change?
And how to?
How does Vova behave on change?
Tell me how you can behave on change, but as it should not.
(The teacher reads the rules of behavior on change.)
It is necessary to go on to change only after the permission of the teacher.
In the corridor you can play without interfering with others, not plowing.
Run, fight, shout when it interferes with the other, it is impossible
On the change to visit the toilet, so as not to ask in the lesson.
Large change should be lunch.
Let's try to set out the rules of behavior in verses. I read the poem, and you negotiate the Word.
"In a diligent lesson,
Be calm and ... (attentive)
All write, no lagging,
Listen, ... (without interrupting).
Speak clearly, intelligible
So that everything is ... (understandable)
If you want to answer
Need to hand ... (lift)
On change ... (relax).
Be ditched on the lesson,
Do not talk: you are not ... (forty).
If a friend has become answered,
Do not rush ... (interrupt).
And help you want a friend -
Lift calmly ... (hand).
Know: Lesson ended, since you hear ... (call).
When the call rang out again, be sure to the lesson ... (Ready).
So that doctors are worried,
On change is not ... (shouts).
Brief analysis:
The class hour, which has passed in the form of a round table, contributed to the formation of the skills of proper behavior in school, in public places, developing the skills of careful attitude towards school property, developed such qualities as thrift, mutual understanding, goodwill and creative abilities of children.
Literature:
1. Journals "Education of schoolchildren" No. 6 for 2004, No. 7 for 2007.
2. Creative works of children on the topic "If I were a wizard" (about the careful attitude of children to books).