Chlamydia treatment during pregnancy. The effect of chlamydia on pregnancy: implications. Danger of disease at different times

01.05.2019

Chlamydia and pregnancy is a topic that worries many pregnant women and women planning to become pregnant. Chlamydiae are protozoa living on mucous membranes, mainly of the genitourinary system, but they can also settle in other places - on the conjunctiva of the eye, for example.

Features of chlamydia during pregnancy

A feature of chlamydial infection is, firstly, a frequent latent course, when the disease does not manifest itself in any way, and only exacerbations lead to the appearance of mucopurulent discharge, sometimes pulling pains in the lower abdomen. Chlamydia has always existed, at least in the textbooks of the 80s written about them, and a lot. But only in the last decade, urologists and gynecologists literally all the problems that arise during pregnancy began to be associated with chlamydia - they are the causes of most miscarriages, and pathologies of pregnancy, and fetal infection ... sales markets, or maybe the emergence of techniques that identify the simplest, which were not there before, and therefore, chlamydia was not found. But we must remember that the cycle of development of chlamydia and their colonization often lead to the following - the doctor takes a smear from the cervical canal and finds chlamydia there, and a day later they are not found elsewhere. And this is not the ill will of the doctor - in fact, chlamydia is not always determined. And all methods, with the exception of PCR, a complex genetic engineering method based on the search for DNA fragments of chlamydia, give both false-positive and false-negative reactions. Let's try to isolate the main thing.

What is the danger of chlamydia during pregnancy?
In women in a non-pregnant state, chlamydia usually causes vulvovaginitis, endocervicitis, and can cause inflammation of the appendages. These processes weaken the general immunity, and can affect the ability to bear children in the future.

Chlamydia is especially dangerous for pregnant women because, in more or less cases, it causes miscarriages and premature birth, and infection of the child while passing through the birth canal can lead to chlamydial lesions - conjunctivitis, otitis media and even pneumonia. Therefore, it is necessary to treat chlamydia, and during pregnancy too (some doctors still say - they say, there is nothing to poison the child - you will give birth, then you will be treated).

Treatment is carried out both local and general. Treatment of vulvovaginitis, endocervicitis is mainly local (silver preparations have not lost their relevance). But in cases where the appendages are affected, and in pregnant women, antibiotic therapy should be carried out. Since smears are necessarily used in the diagnosis, it is not difficult to determine the sensitivity of antibiotics specifically to these microorganisms. When choosing a medicine for pregnant women, it is advisable to prescribe those antibiotics whose molecules are large and do not pass through the feto-placental barrier. (but subject to sensitivity, of course.) And yet, the effect on the fetus is possible, therefore, they conduct short courses, long ones - only with carriage and outside pregnancy.
You can prescribe drugs of the widest spectrum of action and the latest generation, if there is data on the safety of their use in pregnant women, albeit short-term, but observations on this topic, and certainly not according to the principle - the more expensive, the better it treats and more completely heals, which is far from idle fantasy. Of course, both sexual partners undergo treatment, using protected sex, otherwise the infection will still be transmitted from each other, and in terms of the choice of treatment, the man is not limited by anything.

During the period of "interesting situation", any infection manifests itself more clearly. The expectant mother feels discomfort and unpleasant urges. Chlamydia in pregnant women also manifests itself clearly and is dangerous.

Chlamydial infection. What it is

Chlamydia is a common sexually transmitted disease. An ailment of infectious origin, which mainly affects young people.

Chlamydia is especially dangerous for women. However, many do not even suspect that they are sick, since the disease proceeds without visible symptoms.

Ways of infection of a pregnant woman

You can remember a lot of diseases that are passed from owner to owner through sexual intercourse. However, chlamydia is considered the most common.

The causative agents of viral and bacterial etiology are chlamydia. They are not much different from other viruses, they also feed on energy from cells.

What is chlamydia during pregnancy? First of all, this is the infection of the fetus and the amniotic fluid. The genitourinary system also suffers.

Unprotected sexual contact with a person with chlamydia is a way of infection. He himself may not be aware of the malaise in his body, because the symptoms are hidden.

For a child, the only route of infection is vertical. That is, from a mother suffering from this ailment, the fetus becomes infected through the amniotic fluid. The bacteria settle on the baby's mucous membranes.

Is it possible to conceive a child with chlamydia? Of course, yes, because these bacteria do not pose obstacles, but the health of the newborn will suffer.

It is better to cure the disease, and then make plans for the birth of a child.

Danger of disease at different times

From the first days to the second trimester, the consequences for a child with chlamydia during pregnancy may be:

as a result;
lack of oxygen in a child - hypoxia. The outcome of the presence of bacteria in the body is, at best, poor development of muscle mass, and at worst, to the pathology of the nervous system;
lack of nutrients to the fetus.

In the third trimester, everything is much more deplorable. The disease spreads to the child, or rather to his internal organs and mucous membranes.

Passage through the birth canal contributes to infection and infection of the infant.

The healthcare professional must guide the patient from the beginning to the end of the treatment program.

The sooner the healing process begins, the more chances you have to protect your baby.

Symptoms

Unfortunately, the flora is very insidious, its presence in the body is practically not expressed in any way.

In rare cases, chlamydia and pregnancy show symptoms.

The woman may notice strange discharge. They are purulent, slimy consistency and with a pronounced odor. Pain, itching and burning appear in the genital area.

Also one of the signs when bearing pain in the lower abdomen. However, this symptom for a woman in a position is not key.

All of these signs are similar to other infections in terms of the mode of manifestation and transmission. For a concrete belief in the diagnosis, it is necessary to undergo an examination in a hospital.

How to diagnose chlamydia in pregnant women

Many women in labor are amazed at how our grandmothers and mothers did without a whole set of tests during pregnancy and gave birth to healthy children. Didn't genital infections spread before?

Unfortunately, venereal diseases were and affected a large number of people. Diagnostics of those times was at a very weak level.

Today, everything is extremely simple. One has only to turn to specialists.

The gynecologist examines the patient on the gynecological chair. At the slightest suspicion of the presence of an infection, he should conduct an examination.

During pregnancy, a smear is prescribed for chlamydia.

Analyzes

A scraping is taken from all the genital tract and organs of the patient. The collection of gene tissue brings absolutely no discomfort inside.

To examine the presence of infection in the fetus in the womb, amniotic fluid is made. The operation takes place under the supervision of an ultrasound machine.

The doctor prescribes this procedure only if it does not harm the baby's health.

A timely diagnosis increases the chances of giving birth to a healthy baby.

How is ailment in pregnant women treated?

What to do if chlamydia is found during pregnancy? It is necessary to start with a re-diagnosis. Practice shows that this infection exists in combination with other bacteria.

The patient is assigned to undergo tests for gonococci. Based on the results, a professional doctor prescribes procedures and medications.

How to treat chlamydia during pregnancy, if the range of medication is limited in this position.

There are two options for undergoing therapy:

A single dose of an antibiotic against the causative agent of the infection.
Long-term treatment, including a complex of drugs: drugs to raise immunity, enzymes.

Important! During the examination, identify the presence of a non-infectious disease, such as kidney or liver. Chronic. Since drugs prescribed against the etiology of the pathogen can aggravate the condition of the patient's internal organs.

Expectant mothers should not self-medicate. The use of medicines should always be discussed with a doctor.

First of all, improper treatment affects the baby. And also delays the moment of a woman's recovery.

Each treatment regimen is individual. It all depends on the stage of the disease.

Based on laboratory tests, additional medications are prescribed. For example, immunomodulatory. If mom needs to support immunity.

What are enzymes prescribed for? In the matter of treatment, they play an important role. Carrying a baby affects the sensitivity and tolerance of certain drugs.

Enzymes promote the absorption of the antibiotic without the manifestation of an allergic reaction. Reduces the pain factor and relieves puffiness. Restores the properties of cells damaged by viruses. Thanks to them, the concentration of drugs in the blood increases.

After one course of treatment, control tests are prescribed.

Several research methods are chosen at once. This gives a guarantee of the accuracy of the readings, one method according to the results must coincide with the other.

Sowing can be done two weeks after the last tablet has been applied. However, the figures may be inaccurate.

Prevention of the disease in pregnant women

The causes of chlamydia during pregnancy remain the same, unprotected sexual intercourse of the expectant mother. In the presented case, the malaise is easier to prevent than to deal with its treatment afterwards.

Change your sexual behavior.

You should not allow closeness with casual acquaintances. If there is no permanent and only partner, be sure to use contraception. Then the risk of transmission of genital infections will decrease.

But it is better to make sure before contact that your partner is healthy and does not have any sexually transmitted diseases.

Monitor your health and visit a gynecologist. Do not wait until you need a good reason for this.

Ask your partner to get regular tests and medical examinations.

Plan your pregnancy correctly. The first thing you have to do is go through.

Expectant parents are tested for chronic, infectious and other diseases.

Timely identification of the pathogen in the body will make it possible to quickly heal and conceive a healthy baby.

Special warnings for pregnant women

Remember, than chlamydia in pregnant women is dangerous and do not run your health.

According to statistics, this ailment is more common among young girls from normal social societies. This suggests that the happy moment of waiting often overlaps with this disease.

The chances of receiving an acute infectious disease as a reward increase by 60% for women with a vulnerable reproductive system.

An experienced miscarriage contributes to a weakening of the immune system, which is also important for infection. In this regard, unprotected contact with infected partners is unacceptable.

For a baby, a venereal disease is twice as dangerous. The infection finds him in a defenseless moment of formation. The prospect of being born healthy remains only in hopes.

Video: Chlamydia: symptoms, treatment in women during pregnancy

Chlamydia is one of the most common diseases of the genitourinary system, transmitted mainly sexually. The causative agents are microorganisms - chlamydia (Chlamydia trachomatis), which initially affect the mucous membranes of the body, then enter the epithelium, after which they harm immune cells. The statistics of the infected is 6-8% worldwide. As a result of such a massive attack, modern venereology faced a serious problem in finding effective treatments. The female population is more susceptible to infection. Chlamydia during pregnancy is found in 10% of patients registered with the antenatal clinic.

Most often, the disease is asymptomatic, which is influenced by environments that are aggressive for chlamydia: hypothermia, taking antibiotics, overheating. The activity of microorganisms decreases and they no longer manifest themselves. To diagnose the disease, it is necessary to conduct a number of laboratory tests.

Symptoms in women include itching, discomfort during urination, pelvic pain, and unnatural discharge. In men: change in the color and composition of urine, persistent urethritis (frequent urge to urinate, painful sensations), discharge.

Effects

Scientists managed to establish that chlamydia negatively affects the positive outcome of pregnancy, becomes the cause of infertility in women. The disease provokes inflammation in the fallopian tubes, which contributes to the appearance of adhesions. Basically, this problem is faced by women who did not plan motherhood and did not undergo examination.

In medicine, several types of chlamydia are distinguished, which are divided into subspecies. Chlamydia trachomatis is a pathogenic microorganism that has a great impact on human health and requires its own therapeutic approach.

Risks of complications and consequences of the disease that threaten the expectant mother: anemia, polyhydramnios, toxicosis, fetal freezing in the early stages, various inflammatory processes, premature birth, cervical erosion.

The disease can also appear during pregnancy. Therefore, antenatal clinics conduct regular laboratory tests of pregnant women.

According to statistical medical data, chlamydia during pregnancy is acquired mainly through sexual intercourse. Due to the low viability of microorganisms, the percentage of infection by household means is negligible. If the patient was a carrier of the disease, then the risk of getting sick himself increases due to a decrease in immunity, as well as changes in hormonal levels.

Diagnostics

Diagnosis of the disease in pregnant women is extremely difficult. At the initial stage of the disease, chlamydia during pregnancy can cause the following symptoms:

mucopurulent vaginal discharge with a characteristic color and odor;
minor pain, burning and itching of the internal and external genitals;
discomfort in the lower abdomen.

In the case of the chronic form of chlamydia, there are no symptoms, and its signs are nonspecific. The following methods are used to confirm the diagnosis.

A blood test to detect antibodies. The presence of IgM and IgA indicates acute chlamydia or an exacerbation period (ELISA).
Smear from the urethra and cervix. It is treated with special compounds, and then studied under a microscope. If there is an infection, chlamydia glow (reaction of direct immunofluorescence PIF).
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). It is based on identifying the DNA of chlamydia. The results are more accurate than when conducting a mutual fund.
Sowing and isolation of the pathogen from cell culture. The most reliable method to date, but more complicated and expensive.

It happens that chlamydia is detected by one method, but not determined by another. Nevertheless, it is necessary to treat it, even if no symptoms of the disease are observed, since it is still believed that it exists. Chlamydiae live and multiply in cells, so they may not end up in one of the samples.

How is research done

Consider the process of conducting research on the presence of trachomatis bacteria in the body. There are generally accepted norms of titer figures for chlamydia in the blood during pregnancy - 1 10. After passing the test, the laboratory determines the presence of antibodies of the type immunoglobulin M (IgM) in the blood, which indicates the initial stage of the disease. As well as IgA and IgG, confirming a severe or chronic form of chlamydia. The enlarged photos clearly show how the blood of a healthy woman differs from an infected one. The concentration of antibodies characterizes the stage of the disease. However, this analysis is not enough.

One of the most popular diagnostic methods is considered to be a smear from the vagina for microflora. The cost of this analysis is low, and antenatal clinics provide it free of charge. Of course, it does not give a complete picture of the disease, and even more so it is almost impossible to find chlamydia in it. But it gives information about the quantitative composition of leukocytes in a smear. The norm of leukocytes can be exceeded if there is an inflammatory process or infection in the body of a pregnant woman. After establishing this fact, a more serious microscopic examination of the material is carried out by the method of immunofluorescence.

Samples from the vagina are taken by a gynecologist from three points: the cervix, the external opening of the urethra, and the vagina. The material is distributed over special glass, dried, and then sent to the laboratory for research. There it is treated with special solutions that stain cells and bacteria in different colors. In the case of the presence of trachomatis bacteria in the analysis, they begin to glow under the microscope, like fireflies. The accuracy of this study is 50%, provided that the smear was studied no later than an hour after it was taken from the patient. At the same time, the professionalism of the doctor and laboratory assistant must be quite high. The concept of a quantitative norm of chlamydia in a smear does not exist.

The polymer chain reaction is one of the most reliable tests for determining the presence of infection. Its principle is to increase the number of DNA copies of a certain fragment of the samples, provided that this region meets the specified parameters. The consequence of the research is an increase in the amount of DNA to the level of visual detection of fragments in the sample. The method allows you to determine even single cells of viruses. It is especially effective in identifying hidden forms of microorganisms.

Sowing and isolating the pathogen from cell culture is another method for determining the presence of chlamydia during pregnancy. The cultivated product is initially placed in a special nutrient medium, the growth medium is added there, and then the cells are incubated. After two days, the effects of growing the cells can be observed. Chlamydia microorganisms are determined by PCR or immunofluorescence. On the enlarged photo you can see the result of cell multiplication in nutrient media.

Treatment methods

It is not easy to cure the disease due to the adaptability of microorganisms to drugs. For a more effective effect on chlamydia, an integrated approach to treatment is used: taking immunomodulators, vitamins, antifungal drugs, hygiene, sexual abstinence, physiotherapy, electrophoresis and other doctor's prescriptions.

Treatment of chlamydia during pregnancy is complicated due to a number of contraindications. But the disease and its symptoms cannot be ignored. It is dangerous and threatens with risks of antenatal, from the moment of conception to the onset of labor, and intrapartum, during childbirth, infection, which can lead to damage to the internal organs of the baby. These are mainly the intestines, lungs, joints and eyes. Perhaps the development of purulent-inflammatory complications in the postpartum period. Poor intake of nutrients to the fetus can cause low weight, iron deficiency and vitamin deficiency in the baby at birth.

In the chronic form of the disease, the expectant mother begins to be treated after the 20th week of pregnancy. An exception may be the risk of danger to the life of the fetus or signs of intrauterine infection. Then the treatment is prescribed after 12 weeks. The most effective means in the fight against the disease are antibiotics, many of which are strictly prohibited during pregnancy. But with the development of medicine, today there are medicines that have little or no negative effect on the fetus. These are antibiotics from a number of macrolides: Erythromycin, Amoxicillin, Ofloxacin. In pregnancy, doctors give preference to topical drugs.

For each patient, his own course of treatment is developed, depending on his individual characteristics of the organism. It is also necessary to take into account the presence of chronic diseases and other important factors. Possible side effects while taking the medication. Under such circumstances, the doctor must replace him. The antibiotic, to which the microorganisms of chlamydia are highly sensitive, is taken once during pregnancy, followed by long-term treatment with vitamins, immunomodulators, and enzymes.

Chlamydia cannot be killed during pregnancy. Therapy is carried out with the aim of stopping their reproduction. In fact, this is the prevention of infection of the fetus and the occurrence of any consequences in the future. Every woman should definitely resume treatment after the birth of a baby. For a more effective result, it is recommended to take the course for both partners at the same time. After that, tests are repeated: blood and smear. In the absence of infection, laboratory research is carried out a month later. If bacteria are not found, the patient is completely healthy.

After the treatment

Modern medicine and the pharmaceutical industry are capable of treating most infectious diseases. The question often arises: when can you get pregnant after treating an infection? The answer depends on the duration and intensity of the illness, as well as the damage done to health. For some time it is imperative to watch the credits, keep track of which can take from 6 months to a year. But with the right approach and a correctly built treatment plan, complete recovery occurs.

While waiting for a child, a pregnant woman can face a variety of dangers. Unfortunately, during pregnancy, the female body becomes the most vulnerable. Therefore, the expectant mother may even face those diseases that have never worried her before. The topic of our conversation today will be such a problem as chlamydia and pregnancy.

Chlamydia is a very insidious disease. Numerous clinical studies have reliably shown that the presence of chlamydia in a woman has a very negative effect on the reproductive system. First, chlamydia is highly likely to lead to the development of infertility. Well, if the expectant mother suffers from chlamydia, it can cause the child to become infected and even terminate the pregnancy.

What is chlamydiaand where does it come from?

Chlamydiae are very interesting creatures that have the characteristics of both bacteria and viruses at once. By their size, chlamydiae is several times larger than bacteria, but smaller than viruses. Another common feature is associated with chlamydia viruses - they can exist only inside cells. Outside the host's organism, they simply die. This happens due to the fact that chlamydia cannot produce energy on their own - they receive it from the cells of the host's body.

Chlamydia feels most comfortable in the cells of the human genital organs. And therefore, most often, chlamydial infection affects the urogenital system of a woman. In more rare cases, chlamydia can be localized in the epithelial tissue of the lower small intestine. By the way, most often this happens if a person has dysbiosis. In a pregnant woman, chlamydia often affects not only the genital and urinary tract, but also the membranes and the baby itself.

The source of infection is a person with chlamydia. It is very important to remember that chlamydia can go on for a very long time without any symptoms. And even the "carrier" of the disease himself may not be aware that he is a potential danger to his sexual partner.

Chlamydia is a typical representative of the classic sexually transmitted infection. And accordingly, as you might guess, and the way of transmission is sexual, with unprotected intercourse. Condom use reduces the risk of transmission to some extent.

There is a possibility of chlamydia infection through the household route, through contaminated hygiene items - towels, washcloths, etc. Although such methods of infection account for no more than 5% of all cases of the disease, it should not be forgotten that all personal hygiene items must be personal.

During pregnancy, there is another way of transmission of chlamydia - "vertical", from the genital tract of the mother to the fetus. As mentioned above, during pregnancy, chlamydia penetrates the amniotic fluid, and then affects the fetus itself. Infection of the fetus occurs due to the fact that the baby constantly swallows small amounts of amniotic fluid. In addition, the infection can settle on the mucous membranes of the fetus.

Chlamydia during pregnancy is not such a rare occurrence. It is found in about every tenth mother-to-be. Moreover, chlamydia often occurs in women with uncomplicated pregnancy, good general health and social status. Therefore, this danger should not be overlooked by any woman - the problem of chlamydia can affect absolutely any expectant mother.

Well, even if a woman previously had infertility, inflammation of the appendages, and even more so miscarriages, the risk that she will have chlamydia exceeds 65%. As a rule, doctors always pay close attention to this factor. A woman is sent for an examination to confirm or deny the presence of chlamydia in her body. Appropriate treatment is prescribed if necessary.

Moreover, it is much wiser to undergo an examination in advance, even before the onset of pregnancy. This will avoid many unnecessary worries and unpleasant moments associated with the treatment of the disease. But even if the pregnancy was not planned, you should not despair - modern medicine makes it possible to cure the expectant mother without any negative consequences for the baby's health.

Infection mechanism

It is impossible not to say a few words about how the infection occurs. With close contact with the mucous membranes of the carrier of the infection, chlamydia penetrates the mucous membranes of a healthy woman. After a short time, chlamydia begins to invade epithelial cells and cells of the immune system. In these cells, chlamydia can exist for a very long time - up to 3 - 6 years.

After about two days, the immune system recovers. And it begins to respond adequately - to produce leukocytes. As a result, an inflammatory reaction develops, the intensity of which can vary from mild to pronounced. In the event that the problem is not immediately noticed, a pathological structural change in the tissues affected by chlamydia is possible.

It is these pathological changes in tissues that are the main complication of chlamydia. In the event that the disease overtook a woman before pregnancy, damage to the ovaries and fallopian tube with a high degree of probability can lead to infertility. And during pregnancy, the favorite habitat of chlamydia is the cervix. And, of course, a chronic inflammatory process cannot proceed without complications - it can lead to premature termination of pregnancy or premature birth.

No less dangerous is the infection of the baby. Chlamydia crumbs do much more harm to the body - there is a high probability of malformations of the child's internal organs. And sometimes even intrauterine fetal death is possible.

Chlamydia symptoms in pregnant women

The symptoms of the disease can vary. And in many respects they depend on the stage of development of the infection, and where the inflammatory process is localized. In the event that chlamydia is localized in the urethra, we are talking about chlamydial urethritis. With it, the following symptoms are observed:

Discharge from the urinary tract

In some cases, a small amount of discharge from the urethra may appear. This discharge is usually slightly hazy and has a white tint. In the case of a strong inflammatory process, they may contain an admixture of pus.

Discomfort when urinating

As the disease progresses, very often during urination there is a burning sensation or stinging, as with cystitis. These sensations sometimes give a sick woman many unpleasant minutes - every trip to the toilet becomes a test. And pregnant women, as you know, go to the toilet very, very often because of their physiological characteristics.

Pain in the abdomen

The inflammatory process cannot but affect the condition of the bladder. As a result, a woman may experience a feeling of heaviness and soreness in the lower abdomen, in the bladder area.

Although this type of disease is quite rare. Much more often there is cervicitis - chlamydia of the cervix. The development of the inflammatory process in this case occurs in the cervical canal. As a result of this, the cervix swells quite strongly, increases in size. If the process lasts a long time, there is a violation of the normal structure of the epithelium of the cervix. As a result, the development of cervical erosion is possible.

And for pregnant women, the typical site of localization is the vaginal mucosa. This phenomenon is called chlamydial colpitis. In addition, sometimes chlamydia can be located in the glands located near the vagina. Such localization of colpitis is explained by hormonal changes in the woman's body.

However, we must not forget that urogenital chlamydia can very often be completely asymptomatic. That is why monitoring a pregnant woman and routine examination without fail includes tests for the presence of chlamydia. In no case should you ignore the doctor's visits and the examinations prescribed by him. Indeed, a timely detected problem greatly increases the chances of a successful recovery and the normal course of pregnancy.

More about the hazard

I would like to once again tell you in more detail what kind of danger chlamydia poses for a baby. And we will begin a story about chlamydia infection in early pregnancy. The most important complication is spontaneous termination of pregnancy, or intrauterine arrest of fetal development. This is largely due to the fact that chlamydia causes a very strong placental insufficiency.

As you might guess, placental insufficiency inevitably entails a violation of the full supply of oxygen to the child. And the lack of oxygen is nothing more than hypoxia. And you do not need to have special medical knowledge to guess what she threatens the child.

It all depends on the severity of hypoxia. If it is expressed moderately, then it is possible to damage various systems and organs, from mild to pronounced. At best, the baby will be born with a slight muscle tone, and at worst - with severe lesions of the nervous system. Well, if hypoxia turns out to be too strong, the development of pregnancy may stop altogether - the child will simply die in the uterus.

And the results of a disruption in the supply of crumbs with nutrients are also very deplorable. In the case of a mild disorder, the child is born with iron deficiency anemia, vitamin deficiency, and very low body weight. All these complications of chlamydia most often develop in the first and second trimester of pregnancy.

In the later stages of pregnancy, the most common complication is infection of the baby itself. As a result of this process, the internal organs of the child are often affected - most often it concerns the kidneys, liver and pancreas. The threat to the health and life of the baby depends on the degree of damage. But in any case, treatment should be started as early as possible. This measure will help reduce harm to the child's health.

Chlamydia diagnosis during pregnancy

Many women often ask - how did our mothers give birth to children without even hearing about chlamydia? Wasn't he there before? Of course he was. But, unfortunately, that level of medicine did not allow detecting chlamydia and diagnosing the disease. And all cases of spontaneous abortion, fetal growth arrest and congenital fetal diseases remained with the wording “unclear etiology (origin)”.

Fortunately, today there are a fairly large number of types of immunological and microbiological research. The study is completely simple and will not bring any discomfort to the woman. To begin with, it is necessary to take biological material, which will subsequently be carefully studied.

Biological material is discharge from the vagina, cervix and urethra. For this, completely painless smears will be taken from the expectant mother. Remember not to douche when you go to see your doctor. Otherwise, the results of the study may be incorrect.

In some cases, it becomes necessary to determine if the baby is infected. For this purpose, it is necessary to take amniotic fluid. As a rule, expectant mothers are usually very scared. Indeed, there is still some risk. But it is extremely small, since the whole procedure is carefully monitored by ultrasound monitoring of the manipulations of doctors and the state of the baby. And the doctor will never prescribe it if the possible risk is higher than the possible benefit. Therefore, it is still not worth giving up the study of amniotic fluid. Often, this procedure allows you to timely identify the problem and save the baby not only health, but sometimes life.

Chlamydia treatment in expectant mothers

As you can see for yourself, pregnancy and chlamydia are not the best allies. This means that it is necessary to get rid of chlamydia as soon as possible. Treatment of chlamydia is in many ways significantly complicated by the position of a woman - after all, not all medicines can be used for pregnant women.

Chlamydiae droop inside the cells of the urogenital system of the expectant mother, and are located there. And only antibacterial drugs can destroy them. As a rule, antibiotics from the tetracycline group cope very successfully with chlamydia. But this treatment, even in non-pregnant women, causes an extremely large number of various side effects and complications. What can we say about expectant mothers? Moreover, this group of antibiotics has a very negative effect on the baby's body and that is why it is prohibited for use in pregnant women.

Therefore, today, for the treatment of chlamydia in pregnant women, the most modern antibiotics belonging to the macrolide group are used. For obvious reasons, we will not give the exact names of the drugs, and even more so the dosage, within the framework of this article. Moreover, this is impossible to do. All medications are selected by the attending physician, strictly individually and taking into account all the characteristics of the course of pregnancy and the woman's illness.

But for a successful treatment of chlamydia, it must be complex. In addition to taking antibacterial drugs, the doctor will necessarily prescribe medications that will eliminate the existing intestinal and vaginal dysbiosis, which is an invariable companion of chlamydia. In addition, it will be useful to conduct a course of treatment aimed at correcting and stimulating the immune system.

But remember that the immune system of a pregnant woman is an extremely complex issue. Therefore, all decisions regarding this issue should be made by an immunologist, in conjunction with a gynecologist who monitors the course of a sick woman's pregnancy. As a rule, timely and comprehensive treatment of chlamydia brings very good results.

Treatment of chlamydia with folk remedies

There are several quite effective folk recipes for the treatment of chlamydia that can be used by pregnant women. They will not have any negative impact on the health of the expectant mother, much less on the health of the baby. But, nevertheless, if the expectant mother decides to try any of them, it is still better for her to first consult with her attending gynecologist. And you should not forget about such a phenomenon as individual intolerance to one or another component.

Infusion of garlic

Garlic's amazing antibacterial properties have been known to people for centuries. It is not for nothing that garlic is used to treat colds and viral diseases. And in the treatment of chlamydia, garlic can also provide invaluable help. First you need to prepare an infusion of garlic.

It is being prepared as follows. Peel 6 medium-sized garlic cloves, chop and fill with 1 glass of hot water. Place in a warm and dark place for about 12-14 hours. After that, the resulting infusion must be filtered with a gauze cloth. Do not forget to squeeze out the pieces of garlic - they contain a large amount of useful biologically active substances.

Mix the resulting solution with one tablespoon of honey, mix thoroughly and leave for another hour. The resulting infusion must be used for douching. The expectant mother should douche at least twice a day - in the morning and before bedtime. The course of treatment should not exceed 10 days.

Some sources advise, in parallel with douching, to eat two or three cloves of garlic during the entire course of treatment. However, doctors warn that the expectant mother may experience heartburn due to garlic.

Calendula

Calendula is very effective in a similar situation. It not only has a detrimental effect on chlamydia, but also very effectively relieves inflammatory processes that inevitably arise as a result of chlamydia. For treatment, an oil infusion of calendula flowers and an ordinary infusion are used.

Take 50 grams of dry calendula inflorescences, grind them and place them in an enamel bowl. Pour a glass of olive oil over the calendula and bring to a boil over low heat. After the oil boils, turn off the heat and leave to infuse for a day. Then strain with a gauze cloth and pour into a glass container. It is used as follows: thoroughly moisten the smallest hygienic swab in an oil solution and leave it overnight. This procedure must be carried out strictly after preliminary douching with calendula infusion.

And the broth is extremely simple to prepare. Place 3 tablespoons of calendula inflorescences in a thermos and fill with 1 liter of boiling water. Cover tightly and leave to infuse for a day. After that, carefully strain the infusion with gauze, heat to a temperature of 37 - 38 degrees and add 2 tablespoons of honey to it. You need to douche twice a day - in the morning and before bedtime.

Prevention of chlamydia during pregnancy

We must also not forget about the prevention of chlamydia. In principle, prevention is very simple, but still it is worth saying a few words about it:

Personal hygiene

"Cleanliness is the key to health." This simple truth is known to everyone from the cradle. And yet, very often this truth is neglected. Remember to wash your hands regularly, especially after using the toilet. And by the way - don't forget to use disposable toilet wheels in public toilets.

Personal hygiene items

Never and under any pretext do not use other people's towels, washcloths, bed linen. And don't give yours either. Even well-known people whom you completely trust.

Protected intercourse

Do not forget about the need to use condoms during sex if you do not have a 100% guarantee of your partner's health. And pay attention to the fact that no other means of protection against chlamydia will protect.

And finally, it is worth repeating once again - do not ignore the timely visits to the gynecologist, take all the tests and go through all the examinations. And then no chlamydia can ruin the happiest months of your life - months of waiting for a meeting with your baby.

According to statistics, chlamydia in most cases (95%) is transmitted to a healthy person from a patient through sexual contact. The causative agents of chlamydia are most comfortable to be and develop in the human urogenital system. The remaining 5% of cases of possible infection with chlamydia are household transmission methods.

Infection of a woman with chlamydia is the result of an intimate relationship with a carrier of this disease. Chlamydia is transferred from the patient to the mucous women. After such contact, chlamydiae invade healthy cells. After entering the cells, chlamydia can stay there for three to six years. Two days after infection with chlamydia, the woman's body will begin to produce a significant number of white blood cells. Due to the abundance of leukocytes in the woman's body, inflammation will begin, the intensity of which may be different.

The main danger of chlamydia during pregnancy is its asymptomatic course in 70% of cases. A woman who does not know about her infection may notice changes in the mucous discharge from the vagina: with chlamydia, the discharge becomes yellowish or has an unpleasant odor. In the genital area, a pregnant woman may feel minor pains, which the expectant mother most often attributes to her current condition. Much less often, chlamydia manifests itself through itching and burning in the genitals.

If a pregnant woman complains of inflammation in the genitals, has chronic joint diseases and conjunctivitis, and previously had problems with childbirth (premature birth and miscarriages), then with almost one hundred percent certainty it can be argued that the woman has chlamydia. If chlamydia infection occurred before pregnancy, then the pain on the eve of menstruation will increase significantly, and unplanned bleeding may occur between periods. The body temperature also rises.

A positive result for chlamydia during pregnancy is confirmed through two main research methods:

Microscopy (smear required);
Biochemical blood test for immunoglobulins.

One of the most accurate methods for diagnosing chlamydia during pregnancy is a blood test of a pregnant woman for immunoglobulins to chlamydia, that is, does the woman's blood contain special antibodies produced during infection with chlamydia.

The concentration of detected antibodies in the blood can indicate the form of infection with chlamydia: if a large amount of immunoglobulins is diagnosed, then the pregnant woman is currently experiencing an exacerbation of chlamydia. If there are few antibodies in the blood, then a chronic form of chlamydia can be assumed.

If doctors require a diagnosis of chlamydia in the fetus, do not resist. The procedure will require an analysis of the amniotic fluid. This procedure is prescribed only in cases of urgent need to diagnose the disease. If there is a risk of harming the baby, then the doctors will refuse the procedure.

Treatment of chlamydia in women during pregnancy

Conservative treatment of chlamydia in women during pregnancy, first of all, consists in a comprehensive diagnosis of the health of a pregnant woman.

Diagnostics is carried out in order to:

First, to identify possible problems in the functioning of the kidneys, liver, etc. This is necessary for the reason that many drugs against chlamydia harm certain internal organs.
Secondly, in addition to chlamydia, a woman may be diagnosed with other infections: for example, syphilis, HIV, etc. In such cases, it will be necessary to select drugs against all the diseases a woman has.

Since chlamydiae invade the cells, antibiotics will be needed against them. The most effective and safe antibiotics against chlamydia during pregnancy are macrolides. Tetracycline drugs should not be taken during pregnancy.

WE ADVISE! Weak potency, sluggish penis, lack of long-term erection are not a sentence for a man's sex life, but a signal that the body needs help and male strength is weakening. There are a large number of drugs that help a man to gain a stable erection for sex, but they all have their own disadvantages and contraindications, especially if the man is already 30-40 years old. help not only to get an erection HERE AND NOW, but act as a prevention and accumulation of male power, allowing a man to remain sexually active for many years!

Strictly follow the treatment prescribed by your doctor. Only a specialist will be able to choose a drug that will not harm either a pregnant woman or her fetus.

Taking drugs against chlamydia can be single or multiple, including, in addition to the antibiotic, immunomodulators and enzymes. Antibiotics are promptly prescribed for acute chlamydia. If chlamydia is diagnosed in a chronic form, then the course of treatment can be started no earlier than 20 weeks of pregnancy.

Treatment of chlamydia during pregnancy is carried out only with the help of an antibiotic. Folk remedies can only complement conservative treatment, but cannot replace it!

A good addition to the main treatment is a decoction of juniper and horsetail. Add a teaspoon of each plant to a glass of hot water and infuse the broth for 30 minutes. We take a tablespoon three times a day.

Another way is to add a birch leaf to the horsetail grass. The proportions, preparation methods and dosage are the same as in the first recipe.

None of the drugs against chlamydia does not guarantee complete cure, therefore, a follow-up diagnosis is required after a course of treatment. A pregnant woman is required to pass several different tests that confirm each other. Two weeks after the end of treatment for chlamydia, the woman will need to undergo a culture. In addition to this assay, direct immunofluorescence and polymerase chain reaction are used. These procedures are carried out a month after the end of the course of treatment for chlamydia.

It is possible to become pregnant after a previous chlamydia infection if:

The disease was diagnosed on time.
Correctly selected drugs destroyed chlamydia.
There were no complications after chlamydia.

Since chlamydia, as mentioned earlier, most often goes away without showing any symptoms, the disease leads to many irreversible consequences, one of which is the inability to get pregnant (infertility). The risk of ectopic pregnancy also increases significantly.

Chlamydia is dangerous for a woman because the causative agents of this disease lead to inflammatory processes in the uterine membranes: as a result, the fetus cannot attach to the uterine walls, pregnancy does not occur.

Consequences of chlamydia for a child during pregnancy: how dangerous is chlamydia

If chlamydia is not diagnosed and treated in a timely manner during pregnancy, the following complications are possible:

Inflammation of the uterus, appendages and fallopian tubes: chlamydia provoke the development of salpingitis, endometritis, salpingo-oophoritis).
High risk of contracting Reiter's disease, which is characterized by symptoms of arthritis, urethritis and conjunctivitis.
Scars appear in the mucous membrane of the urethra due to the detrimental effect of chlamydia. These scars lead to a narrowing of the urethra, which in turn causes problems with urination.

The consequences of chlamydia for a child during pregnancy can be dire. In many ways, the effect of chlamydia on the fetus depends on the duration of pregnancy.

Chlamydia is especially dangerous for the fetus at an early stage of pregnancy: damage to the fetus with chlamydia leads to a miscarriage or complete cessation of fetal development in the womb, causing hypoxia, which ultimately will also lead to the death of the child.

In late pregnancy, chlamydia affects the vital organs of the baby. A child may be born with problems of the pancreas, liver, kidneys, etc. Chlamydia can also destroy a child's nervous system. It is possible to reduce the harm from chlamydia only in cases of timely initiation of treatment for chlamydia with correctly selected medications. The need to prevent chlamydia is confirmed by statistics: every tenth pregnant woman is infected with chlamydia. The most important thing in preventing chlamydia for a woman's health during pregnancy is to visit a doctor regularly.

It is necessary to be tested for chlamydia several times a year, so that on the eve of pregnancy, a positive result for chlamydia does not come as a surprise. If the pregnancy is only in the plans, on the eve of the intended conception, partners should pass the necessary tests for chlamydia. Even if you are completely sure that everything is in order, it is better to verify this once again through the methods of medical diagnosis of the disease.