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Bedrock. Bedrock rocks

The bedrock was formed as a result of long-term geological processes. According to their origin, they are divided into magmatic (erupted), sad and metamorphic (modified) ...

Igneous rocks formed as a result of cooling and solidification of magma (natural substance melted in the bowels of the earth). If the magma cooled and solidified at considerable depths (slowly, at high pressure, without the release of gaseous products), then such rocks are called intrinsic and (deep) and, as a rule, have a coarse-crystalline structure.

If the magma has frozen near or on the surface of the earth, then such rocks are called efus and v n y and. Magma cooled relatively quickly at low pressure with the release of gaseous products; therefore, the composition and structure of such rocks, as a rule, differ from the composition and structure of intrusive ones, even if the magma initially had the same composition. Such rocks are characterized by a fine-crystalline structure, or they may even be amorphous.

Igneous rocks include granites, syenites, diabases, basalts, gabbros, andesites, and a number of others. As a rule, deposits of platinum, chromium, titanium, nickel, cobalt, iron and other minerals are formed in such rocks.

Sedimentary rocks formed by the deposition of individual particles of minerals and organic matter in water bodies, rivers, lakes and seas. They owe their origin to the weathering and destruction of igneous or older sedimentary rocks.

Distinguish sedimentary rocks chemical(mineral salts, gypsum) and organic origin (coal, oil shale, limestone). Sedimentary rocks also include clastic rocks- sands, gravel, crushed stone, clays, sandstones. Salient feature sedimentary rocks - their layering.

Metamorphic rocks formed from igneous or sedimentary rocks under the influence high temperature, pressure and gases, when on the way of magma movement there was a recrystallization of the surrounding rocks with the formation of new minerals and new rocks. Under such conditions, the clays could form crystalline schists containing garnets, micas, skarns, hornfels, etc. Metamorphic rocks characterized by a crystalline structure and banded or schistose structure.

Sediments

As mentioned above, the sediments were formed as a result of the destruction of bedrock, and are relatively loose deposits ("secondary" rocks). The sediments are located under the vegetation layer at the surface of the earth and consist of sands, clays, loams and other cracked rocks. Their thickness (thickness) varies from several meters to 30 ... 50 meters.

Information

A type

Solid block

Gravity

Transparency

Luminosity

Explosion resistance

Strength

Tool

Drop

Renewable?

Foldable?

Flammable?

First appearance

Bedrock, or bedrock Bedrock is an indestructible block that can only be destroyed in Creative mode.

History

Classic

In this version, it is impossible to install the root breed, and for an attempt to hack the server automatically kicks the player. The operator can place the bedrock by entering the command / solid and then place a rock in the world. After a while, the stone will become bedrock. Only administrators can break it. In single player, the bedrock can neither be installed nor destroyed. There is an endless ocean beyond the border of bedrock, you cannot build on the border.

Indev

In this version, if the layer above the bedrock is empty, it is filled with lava.

Infdev and Alpha

The same as in Classic.

Beta up to 1.8

In Beta, bedrock was randomly distributed in the 5 bottom layers of the map. It is quite possible, and sometimes quite often, you can find gaps between it, through which you can see the sky and sunlight. If the player falls there, he will fall and after a while will begin to receive 2 hearts of damage every half second until he dies.

Bedrock impossible destroy without cheats. The bedrock has an explosion resistance (18,000,000, 3,000 times that of obsidian), but nothing in the game can create an explosion of this magnitude other than a special fireball summoned via console commands. Bedrock strength is -1. This means that any damage the player deals to this block is reset.

Post Beta 1.8

Now, if the player is below sea level, under the bedrock is not the sky, but a black void with particles that resemble smoke rising from it, and the viewing range is greatly reduced near the lower border of the map. Smoke has been removed from version 1.8. In this version, you can place and destroy a bedrock in Creative mode.

  • The bedrock is the only block that is generated without the participation of the player in all three dimensions.
  • Mobs do not spawn on bedrock.
  • From version 1.11, you can break the bedrock with the command / summon fireball ~ ~ ~ (explosionpower: 835000, direction :)

(a. country rock, bed rock; N. Muttergestein; F. roche en place, roche de fond, roche de base, roche-mere; and. roca primaria, roca basica, roca encajante, roca firme)
1) in geology - the general name for rocks that have not been displaced by denudation processes or have not been transformed into Eluvium.
2) In geomorphology - rocks that are more ancient in relation to the considered relief (for example, Neogene rocks - K. p. In relation to Quaternary relief forms and deposits composing these forms.


Watch value Bedrock in other dictionaries

Korennaya J. Razg.- 1. Female. to noun: root (1 *).
Efremova's Explanatory Dictionary

Root- -Oh; f. Root horse; rootstock.
Explanatory dictionary Kuznetsov

Breed- breeds, f. 1. A variety of domestic animals that has special characteristics from other animals of the same species. Cow of the Kholmogory breed. Oryol horse breed .........
Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary

Tree species- - genus and species of woody plants. Distinguish between fast-growing and slow-growing; light-loving and shade-tolerant; coniferous and deciduous trees, etc .;

Secondary ........
Economic Dictionary

— -
a group of rare animals of a certain breed, differing in genetic and selection characteristics and endangered.
Economic Dictionary

Breed- -NS; f.
1. An integral stable group of agricultural or some other animals of the same species, possessing certain characteristics and characteristics that are transmitted ........
Explanatory dictionary Kuznetsov

Breed- - a group of animals, which, regardless of the protectability, has genetically determined biological and morphological properties and characteristics, moreover ........
Economic Dictionary

Associated Tree Species- - a tree species growing together with the predominant species.
Economic Dictionary

Indigenous nation- - a concept used in the humanities, including constitutional law, to designate the nation that is considered to have originally settled the corresponding ........
Legal Dictionary

Small (gene pool) Breed- - according to the definition of the Federal Law "On livestock breeding" dated July 12, 1995 "a group of rare animals of a certain breed, differing in genetic and selection characteristics ........
Legal Dictionary

Breed- - according to the definition of the Law of the Russian Federation "On Breeding Achievements" dated August 6, 1993 "a group of animals that, regardless of their protection, has genetically determined ........
Legal Dictionary

Autochthonous Rock- breed, raw material which arose in the place of its formation (for example, coal).

Side Breed-, in geology - a rock intersected by veins resulting from magmatic INTRUSION. This rock is otherwise called enclosing.

Intrusive Breed-, any MAGMATIC ROCK that has formed, slowly cooling, under the surface of the Earth (see INTRUSION). In general, this rock is coarser than volcanic rocks ........
Scientific and technical encyclopedic dictionary

Arab Breed- horses - riding, bred in the 1st millennium AD NS. on the Arabian Peninsula. Animals of medium height, harmoniously built, with easy movements, frisky, hardy. Used when ........
Big encyclopedic dictionary

Underlying Breed-, solid rock, located under a layer of overburden (see REGOLIT) - soil and stone debris. In the soil profile, it corresponds to layers C and D (see SOIL HORIZON) .........
Scientific and technical encyclopedic dictionary

Breed-, the solid substance that makes up the earth's crust. Although dense, it doesn't have to be hard - CLAY and volcanic ASH are also considered rocks. In its own way ........
Scientific and technical encyclopedic dictionary

Akhal-Teke Breed- horses - riding, bred in antiquity on the territory of Turkmenistan. Animals are large, with a graceful constitution and elastic movements, playful, hardy. Bred in Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, ........
Big encyclopedic dictionary

Budennovskaya Breed- horses - riding, bred in 1921-48 in stud farms of the Rostov region. The animals are large, robust, lively and hardy. They are also used in harness.
Big encyclopedic dictionary

Don Breed- horses - riding and harness, bred in the Don steppe regions, where it has been bred for a long time. The animals are large, unpretentious, playful, hardy.
Big encyclopedic dictionary

Yomud breed- horses - riding, bred in ancient times on the territory of Turkmenistan. Animals of medium height, hardy, frisky. Bred in Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Karakalpakia.
Big encyclopedic dictionary

Kabardian breed- horses - horse-pack, bred in antiquity and bred in the mountainous regions of the North. Caucasus. Animals of medium height, hardy and efficient.
Big encyclopedic dictionary

Kostanay Breed- horses - riding, bred in the beginning. 20th century and divorces in Kazakhstan. The animals are large, massive and hardy.
Big encyclopedic dictionary

Latvian Harness Breed- horses - displayed in the middle. 20th century, divorced in Latvia. The animals are large, hardy and very hardy.
Big encyclopedic dictionary

Lokai Breed- horses - upper-pack, bred in the 17th century. on the territory of Uzbekistan by the Lokai tribe. Animals of medium height, hardy, efficient, adapted to year-round ........
Big encyclopedic dictionary

Mother Breed- the original rock from which other rocks or minerals originate. 2) Parent rock, the upper layer of the rock on which, under the influence of ........
Big encyclopedic dictionary

New Kirghiz Breed- horses - riding and harness. Displayed in ser. 20th century and is divorced in Kyrgyzstan. Animals of medium height, hardy, efficient. They are also used for obtaining meat and milk.
Big encyclopedic dictionary

Breed- the grammatical or lexical-grammatical category of the Wafrasian verb and some other languages, combining verbs with a common collateral or specific meaning ........
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Wood species- genera and types of trees (pine, spruce, birch, poplar, apple, aspen, etc.). The term is used in forestry and fruit growing.
Big encyclopedic dictionary

Animal Breed- an integral consolidated (stable) group of farm animals of the same species, having a common origin and differing in specific exterior-constitutional ........
Big encyclopedic dictionary

Bedrocks are the result of long-term geological processes. By the type of their origin, they are divided into magmatic (igneous), sedimentary, metamorphic (modified).

Igneous rocks

Their formation occurred due to the fact that in the process of tectonic activity natural substance, melted in the depths of the earth, rose to the surface. At the same time, the magma cooled and solidified. If it was subjected to cooling and solidification at great depths, namely slowly under the influence high pressure, and could not get rid of gaseous inclusions, then these rocks are usually called intrusive (deep). As a rule, they have a large-crystalline structure.

If the magma cooled down near the surface of the earth, then these rocks are called effusive. Magma, rising, was subjected to cooling in more short term... The pressure on her was negligible. Gaseous products came out freely. The structure of such rocks differs from intrusive ones, despite the fact that they initially had the same composition. Effusive rocks are characterized by a fine-crystalline structure or are generally amorphous.

Igneous bedrock rocks - granite, syenite, diabase, basalt, gabro, andesite and others. Typically, these rocks contain valuable minerals, namely platinum, chromium, titanium, nickel, cobalt, iron, etc.

Sedimentary rocks

These rocks are formed as a result of the deposition of organic matter and suspension of minerals on the bottom of water bodies (lake, river, sea). Their origin is the result of weathering and destruction of igneous or older sedimentary rocks.

In geology, it is customary to divide them by origin into chemical (mineral salt, gypsum), organic (coal, oil shale, limestone). Sedimentary rocks are also the so-called ones, which include sand, gravel, crushed stone, clay, etc. The main characteristic of sedimentary rocks is their layering.

Metamorphic rocks

They owe their education to specific chemical and physical processes... If igneous or sedimentary rocks were exposed to high temperatures, gas pressure due to the recrystallization of accompanying rocks during the movement of magma. At the same time, new minerals and rocks were formed. During such processes, crystalline schists were created from clay, which contain granite, mica, skarns, hornfels, etc. Metamorphic rocks have a crystalline structure, have a banded or shale constitution.

Sediments

These rocks were formed as a result of the destruction of the bedrock. They are rather loose deposits, the so-called secondary rocks. The deposits are located at the very bottom of the vegetation cover. This is a combination of sand, clay, loam, and other cracked rocks. The thickness of the detrital rocks (thickness) is relatively small, usually ranging from one meter to 50 m.

The earth's crust, to which mankind has access, reaches a depth of about 20 km. It consists of 95% igneous rocks, 4% metamorphic rocks and 1% sedimentary. Bedrock in geology, related to the variety of rocks that can be used by mankind and for their own purposes, are called minerals.

Natural accumulations of these minerals in the earth's crust are deposits of minerals, they can be loose and primary.

The appearance of gold

The bedrock of gold appeared in the Earth's crust as a result of magmatic processes. As a result of centuries-old manifestations of volcanic activity, rivers of hot magma flowed onto the earth's surface. It was a mixture of molten compounds. Their melting points are different, therefore, when the magma solidifies, refractory elements first crystallize. However, low-melting elements continued to circulate in the frozen magma. Their molten consistency broke through the breaks and cracks of solidifying magma. At the same time, veins were formed. The process of circulation of hot solutions of gold-containing salts continued in them. After the cooling process ended, the destruction of salts began, gold remained in the veins and crystallized.

Gold bedrocks formed different ways, but for the most part they are always located in the mountains, in those places where rocks were formed as a result of magmatic activity.

Differences between gold deposits

Gold deposits are distinguished by the conditions of their occurrence.

Primary deposits (endogenous). They arose as a result of deep-seated processes. Their other name is ore or primary. Now the bulk of gold in the world, about 95-97 percent, is mined precisely from ore deposits.

Placer deposits (exogenous). They appear on the earth's surface due to the destruction of the bedrock gold rock. They are sometimes referred to as secondary deposits.

Deposits are metamorphosed exogenous. These are conglomerates and sandstones with a gold content. They appeared due to the fact that ancient gold placers were naturally transformed. No such deposits have been established on the territory of Russia.

Locations of gold

The period of geological transformations of the Earth is millions of years old. To replace the destroyed and weathered rocks, new ones rise to its surface from the depths. The processes associated with the destruction and uplift of parts of the earth's crust are ongoing. There is a continuous renewal of the earth's surface. As a result, it is a collection of native elements, including gold. So, when rocks are destroyed, gold is released and does not disappear without a trace, like other unstable elements of bedrock. It accumulates in placers. However, the activity of mankind has led to the fact that gold placer deposits have already been developed. Gold is now mainly mined from deep ore bedrocks. The most large reserves of this noble metal owns several countries: Australia, South Africa, USA, China, Russia. About 2,500 tons of gold are mined in the world every year. Russia accounts for almost 200 tons of this metal.