What humidity should be in the pharmacy. Medical and pharmaceutical commodity science

Due to frequent storage violations medicines requiring a certain temperature regime in pharmacies, we briefly explain the following points:

1) All medicines requiring protection from exposure elevated temperature are divided into two groups:
- Medicines requiring storage in a cool or cool place (store between 8 ° C and 15 ° C);
- Medicines requiring refrigeration (store between 2 ° C and 8 ° C).

2) In pharmacies where it is established two or more refrigerators, it is necessary to allocate one refrigerator with a temperature of 8 ° C to 15 ° C and a second refrigerator with a temperature of 2 ° C to 8 ° C. And with this in mind, put all medicines in refrigerators.

3) In a refrigerator with a temperature of 2 ° C to 8 ° C, the temperature is measured twice a day. If products are stored in a refrigerator with a storage temperature of 8 ° C to 15 ° C medical purpose(hereinafter - IMN) are some mercury thermometers and pediatric urine bags, the temperature is also measured twice a day (Chapter 4, item 30). Thus, it is recommended to measure the temperature in all refrigerators in the pharmacy 2 times a day.

4) In a refrigerator with a temperature of 2 ° C to 8 ° C stored separately from other medicines. Moreover, internal immunobiological drugs are stored separately from external ones. Thus, for immunobiological drugs, it is necessary to allocate two shelves in the refrigerator (the “external immunobiological” shelf and the “internal immunobiological” shelf).

5) Refrigerators in a pharmacy must have inventory numbers. If there are no numbers, we glue the sticker "No. 1" and "No. 2" on the refrigerator. We indicate these numbers in temperature maps. For example: "Refrigerator # 1, storage area" or "Refrigerator # 2, sales area".

6) A refrigerator with a storage temperature of 2 ° C to 8 ° C should have 3 thermometers(on the top, middle and bottom shelf). In a refrigerator with a storage temperature of 8 ° C to 15 ° C, one thermometer is sufficient.

7) As in the entire pharmacy - in the refrigerator, internal medicines are stored separately from external(p. 3.3.3. Order of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Belarus No. 149 of May 19, 1998).

8) If biologically active additives or cosmetics need to be stored "In a cool place", then we store them in a refrigerator with a storage temperature of 8 ° C to 15 ° C on a separate shelf or in a container labeled "Dietary supplements, cosmetics". We also store medical devices on a separate shelf or in a container labeled "Medical devices".

9) Also pay attention to several names of medicines, which have a specific temperature regime:

a) " Mikogel"- storage temperature from 10 ° С to 20 ° С. This means that if the temperature in the pharmacy exceeds twenty degrees, you put it in the refrigerator with temperature regime from 8 ° C to 15 ° C. Consequently, the temperature in the refrigerator is reduced. Instead of a mode from 8 ° C to 15 ° C, you should set a mode in the refrigerator from 10 ° C to 15 ° C. Pay attention to micogel Special attention because it is included in the list of essential medicines (however, it can be replaced with Belarusian miconazole).

b) " Acetylcysteine ​​solution for inhalation"- storage temperature from 0 ° С to 5 ° С. You put it in a refrigerator with a temperature range of 2 ° C to 8 ° C, and therefore the temperature in the refrigerator is reduced. Instead of a mode from 2 ° C to 8 ° C, you should set the mode in the refrigerator from 2 ° C to 5 ° C.

c) Also pay attention to “ Cefazolin in vials»Borisov production. Its storage temperature is no higher than 20 ° C. This means that if the temperature in the pharmacy exceeds twenty degrees, you put it in the refrigerator with a temperature regime of 8 ° C to 15 ° C.

The arrangement, composition, dimensions of areas and equipment of storage rooms for pharmacy warehouses and pharmacies must meet all the requirements of the current regulatory and technical documentation (SNiP, guidelines, normative intradepartmental documentation, etc.).

2. The design, operation and equipment of storage facilities must ensure the safety of medicines and medical products.

3. Storage rooms in accordance with established norms are provided with security and fire-fighting equipment.

4. The storage rooms must maintain a certain temperature and humidity, the frequency of which must be checked at least once a day. To monitor these parameters warehouses it is necessary to provide thermometers and hygrometers, which are fixed on the inner walls of the storage facility, far from heating devices, at a height of 1.5 - 1.7 m from the floor and at a distance of at least 3 m from the doors.

Each department must have a record card for temperature and relative humidity.

5. To maintain the cleanliness of the air in the storage room in accordance with the current normative and technical documentation (SNiP, methodological recommendations, etc.), supply and exhaust ventilation with mechanical induction should be equipped. If it is impossible to equip storage rooms with supply and exhaust ventilation, it is recommended to equip vents, transoms, second lattice doors, etc.

6. Pharmacy warehouses and pharmacies are equipped with central heating devices. Heating of premises with gas appliances with an open flame or electric heating appliances with an open electric spiral is not allowed.

7. In warehouses and pharmacies located in a climatic zone with large deviations from the permissible standards of temperature and relative humidity, storage rooms must be equipped with air conditioning.

8. Storage rooms should be provided with the required amount racks, cabinets, pallets, pods, etc.

The racks are installed in such a way that they are at a distance of 0.6 - 0.7 m from the outer walls, at least 0.5 m from the ceiling, and at least 0.25 m from the floor. The racks in relation to the windows should be located so that the aisles are illuminated, and the distance between the racks is at least 0.75 m, providing free access to the goods.

9. Premises of pharmacy warehouses and pharmacies must be kept clean; the floors of the premises are periodically (but at least once a day) cleaned wet way using approved detergents.

Medicines require careful attitude to storage conditions. Failure to comply with the regime specified in the annotation may, in best case make the drug useless, and at worst, turn it into poison.

All medicines can be divided into several groups, which will differ in terms of the type of storage requirements.

Medicines requiring protection from light
Such preparations are stored in containers (metal, foil, painted on the inside with black paint, if the container is glass, then it must have Orange color). Use boxes with tight-fitting lids that do not allow light to pass through.
Medicines requiring protection from light include: antibiotics, herbal medicines, medicinal plant materials, organopreparations, vitamins, essential oils and other groups of drugs. Particularly photosensitive: silver nitrate, proserin, physostigmine salicylate, thymol, etc.
When silver nitrate is exposed to light, the substance decomposes, a black precipitate forms and nitrogen oxide is released. Phenol turns pink when exposed to light and oxygen, and a 3% hydrogen peroxide solution decomposes to form water and oxygen gas.

Medicines requiring protection from moisture
This group includes: dry extracts, medicinal plant raw materials, acid salts, alkaloids, enzymes, antibiotics, and organic preparations.
Such medicines should be stored in a dense container that is impervious to water vapor (glass, metal, aluminium foil, plastics). In some cases, the container is filled with paraffin on top. If the package is reusable, then when closing it, carefully wipe the throat and cork.

Medicines requiring protection from high temperatures
Such medicines are stored at room temperature(18-20 ° C), or cool (12-15 ° C) and below (3-5 ° C).
In this mode, immunobiological preparations, serums, vaccines, and some types of antibiotics are stored.

Medicines that cannot withstand a strong drop in temperature
Such preparations are stored exclusively at above-zero temperatures; in case of freezing, they completely lose their properties, which are not restored after defrosting. This includes a 40% formaldehyde solution, insulin solutions, and other drugs. For example, organopreparations are stored in temperature range from 0 to + 15 ° С. Formalin and ice cold acetic acid, at a temperature not lower than + 9 ° С. Medical fixed oils- from + 4 ° С to 12 ° С.

Some medicines must be protected from the effects of gases contained in the environment.
For example, morphine interacts with oxygen. Salts of alkali metals and weak organic acids, such as hexenal, barbital sodium, preparations containing polyatomic amines (aminophylline) oxide and magnesium peroxide, caustic sodium, potassium - react to carbon dioxide.
Storage requirements - a sealed, impermeable container, the substance is poured into the container as completely as possible.

Odorous and coloring medicines
This group includes both volatile and practically non-volatile substances. They tend to have a strong odor.
Storage conditions - in a sealed, odor-proof container, isolated from each other.
To the group coloring agents include substances, their solutions and mixtures that leave a colored mark on the container (brilliant green, methylene blue, indigo carmine). They are stored in a special cabinet in a tightly sealed container, separately by name.