Jose marquez. Biography of Gabriel Garcia Marquez. Journalism, the beginning of literary activity

Gabriel García Márquez is one of those writers who can single-handedly glorify an entire country. It was he who made little Colombia almost a literary Mecca of Latin American prose. This phenomenon has not yet been solved by critics who are not tired of interpreting the works of the Colombian writer.

The fate of Márquez looks as unusual as the content of his most famous book, One Hundred Years of Solitude, is unusual.

Gabo (that was the name of Marquez as a child) was born on March 6, 1928 in the small town of Aracataca on the Atlantic coast of Colombia and was the eldest of sixteen children of the telegraph operator Eligio Garcia, who was married to Luisa Santiago Marquez Iguaran. The love story of Gabo's mother and father was romantic. Louise fell in love with the former medical student at first sight. But her parents, especially her father, retired colonel and Colombian Civil War veteran Nicholas Marquez, were against marrying an "unworthy" young man with a reputation for red tape. And yet, despite the hostility of future relatives, Eligio Garcia came every evening under the windows of his beloved and sang serenades at the top of his voice. The enraged Don Nicholas, unable to withstand the passionate singing, fired a rifle into the southern blackness of the night. His wife, dona Tranquilina, summoned all the spirits to teach the good-for-nothing boyfriend a lesson. And the neighbors, who were prevented from sleeping by night serenades, begged the colonel to finally marry Louise, so that the former calmness would reign on the street. Finally, the formidable father gave up. After the wedding, the newlyweds settled separately, but they gave their first-born Gabo to the care of their parents, who raised him until he was eight years old.

As a child, the boy was fascinated magical world grandmother's legends and parables, which inspired him both delight and horror. As an adult, Marquez recalled: “To this day, sometimes I wake up at night in horror, feeling abandoned by everyone. I felt peace and confidence next to my grandfather and wanted to be like him in everything, but could not get rid of the temptation to look into the world grandmother's secrets. The combination of tranquility and extraordinary imagery made all magical stories so real. In the novel "One Hundred Years of Solitude" - the voice of my grandmother. The world of the countries located around the Caribbean is very special, it was he who imbued me with elements of magic, which is part of our everyday life ".

Gabo received his education in Baranquilla, at the Jesuit school of San Jose and the National College, in the city of Zicapira, and in 1947 he entered the first year of the law faculty of the National University in Bogota. However, against the will of his parents, he soon left jurisprudence without receiving a university degree. The future writer got a job at the capital's newspaper of the Liberal Party. In the same 1947, Marquez published his first story "The Third Humility", written under the impression of a randomly read collection of Kafka's stories "Metamorphoses". It was Kafka who pushed him to serious literary work. “If it’s good for literature, then it’s worth writing,” Márquez said, recalling the beginning of his career as a writer. ".

At the age of 18, Gabriel began writing articles, essays, collaborating in the newspaper "El Espectador" ("Observer") and working as an editorial director for the weekly "Kronika", polishing both journalism and writing skills. As a journalist, he has traveled all over Colombia. A little later, Marquez became a correspondent for the Observer newspaper in Europe.

It was at this time that he conceived the idea of ​​a novel, which after 16 years became known as "One Hundred Years of Solitude", a famous novel that made him famous throughout the world. In the meantime, Marquez, a convinced socialist, a talented journalist and little-known writer, collects material for him.

In 1955, the Observer published a series of his essays, The Truth About My Adventures, based on the stories of one of the crew members of a Colombian warship. The publication of this ingenuous and completely trustworthy material had unexpected consequences. It turned out that the sailor's stories were about ships that were engaged in smuggling, and the role of the writer in this case looked very ambiguous. Marquez had to leave for Europe for a while. While he admired the views of European capitals, attended courses in Rome at the Experimental Cinematographic Center, dictator Rojas Pinilla came to power in his native Colombia and dispersed all liberal newspapers.

Left with practically no means of subsistence. Marquez moved to Paris, where at first he even collected empty bottles in order to somehow feed himself, and in free time worked on the story "Nobody Writes to the Colonel". The hero of this story is a veteran of the Civil War. Listening to the monotonous beat of the rain, he waited until the end of his life to receive a notice of a well-deserved pension, but did not wait, because, as the writer explained, "in Latin America, two diseases in social relations are violence and loneliness." The book was published in Bogota with funds raised by friends. They also helped him return to Latin America and settle in Venezuela.
In 1958, Márquez secretly arrived in Colombia and married Mercedes Barcha, the granddaughter of an Egyptian émigré, whom he passionately loved as a young man and who faithfully waited for him. long years... And as it turned out, she hadn't waited in vain. Instead of living in dangerous Colombia, a fascinating, full of impressions life with a loved one began. Gabrielle and Mercedes became extremely happy married couple and raised two sons, Rodrigo and Gonzalez.

In the late 1950s, Marquez became a correspondent for the Cuban news agency Prensa Latina, representing him in Havana, Bogota and then New York. The writer enthusiastically met the Cuban revolution, and Fidel Castro even became his friend, Marxist beliefs of Marquez, his rapprochement with the Cuban communist leader became one of the reasons for the expulsion of the writer from the United States. He was allowed to enter this country only after 1971. True, Marquez was not particularly worried about his excommunication from the most democratic country in the world. He lived in Europe, Mexico, wrote stories and novels. And at 39 years old, after the publication of the novel "One Hundred Years of Solitude", the long-awaited fame finally came to him. This novel, according to the author, was written in one breath, in eighteen months. While working on the book, the writer had no hesitation, no hesitation, no doubts, no special corrections. In one of his interviews, he said: "It seemed to me that when you read" One Hundred Years of Solitude ", it becomes noticeable that the author did not have enough time to write the book properly. I had very little time then, I had to finish the book by a certain date: I have to pay for the car, and I owe backwards for six months. "This is how the author modestly appreciated the work that made him not only world famous, but gave rise to a real boom in Latin American prose in Europe. The novel was immediately translated into all European languages ​​and was unanimously recognized by critics and a masterpiece for readers.

Since that time, the writer's triumphant ascent to the world literary Olympus began. Marquez is awarded an honorary degree from Columbia University in New York, the French Legion of Honor, monographs have been written about his work, and in 1982 he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature for "novels and stories in which the fantastic and the realistic are combined in a richly composed world of imagination. reflecting the life and conflicts of an entire continent. " Upon learning of the award, the writer said: "All writers want to get the Nobel, but for me it would be a failure, as I most want to leave as much space as possible for my private life." Later, in an interview, he explained why fame has a flip side of the coin: “Sometimes my wife Mercedes and I stay at home alone in the evenings, and we would like someone to invite us to dinner or somewhere else. We have a lot of friends, but they do not dare to call easily, because they think that this evening we have twenty holiday meetings... And sometimes you find yourself in real isolation, this is the loneliness that brings glory, and it is very similar to the loneliness that brings power. "

In the 80s and 90s, the novels "Love during the Plague", "The General in His Labyrinth", "Chronicle of the Announced Death" were published from the pen of Marquez. In addition to literary creativity, the writer is actively involved in social activities, responding to the most pressing topics of our time.

V last years Marquez and his wife Mercedes live in Colombia, one of the most prestigious neighborhoods in Bogota. They occupy spacious apartments on two floors of a four-story residential building overlooking the park, and travel in their own sedan with bulletproof windows and a bomb-proof hull. Several intelligence agents follow them in another car. Such precautions are by no means superfluous in a country where almost two hundred people are kidnapped and more than two thousand are killed every month.

Since 1999, information began to appear in the press that Garcia Márquez was sick with lymph cancer, and in June 2000 several publications even reported the death of the writer. It turned out to be premature, and at the end of 2000, Marquez, lively and cheerful, appeared at the book fair in Guadalajara, where he told reporters: "My lymph has receded, I am full of energy again."

Gabriel García Márquez at the age of 87 in Mexico City, where he lived for over half a century. Garcia Márquez had been discharged from a clinic in Mexico City a few days earlier, where he had spent more than a week. Hospitalization was associated with lung infection and dehydration. The writer was undergoing antibiotic treatment. Garcia Márquez last appeared in public at the beginning of March this year, when he left his house to communicate with journalists and fans celebrating his birthday. Colombian President Juan Manuel Santos has already reacted to this news in his microblog on Twitter: "A thousand years of loneliness and sadness over the death of the greatest Colombian of all time, I express my solidarity and condolences to the family."

In October 2014, the Marquez Archive was acquired by the University of Texas at Austin. The collection was put up for sale by the owner's family. The amount of the deal was not disclosed. The Harry Ranson University Center for the Humanities Research said the archive, spanning more than half a century creative life writer, contains the manuscripts of ten books, including one of his most famous novels - "One Hundred Years of Solitude." The collection also contains about two thousand letters, including correspondence with Mexican writer Carlos Fuentes and British writer and intelligence officer Graham Green. In addition, the University of Texas will donate the typewriters and computers that the writer worked on. Colombia's culture minister, Mariana Garces, called the sale of the archive to the University of Texas a huge loss to the country. At the same time, the writer's family said that the Colombian authorities did not contact them about the literary legacy of Marquez, reports BBC News.

"Gabo" García Márquez is a Colombian prose writer, journalist, publisher and politician. Winner of the Neustadt Literary Prize (1972) and the Nobel Prize in Literature (1982). The representative of the literary direction "magic realism".

Born in the Colombian town of Aracataca (department of Magdalena) in the family of Gabriel Eligio Garcia (Spanish Gabriel Eligio García) and Luisa Santiaga Márquez Iguarán (Spanish Luisa Santiaga Márquez Iguarán). Shortly after Gabriel was born, his father became a pharmacist. In January 1929, his parents moved to the city of Sucre, but the boy remained in Aracataca, where he was raised by his maternal grandparents - Tranquilina Iguarán Cotes and Colonel Nicolás Ricardo Márquez Mejía ). It was the grandfather and grandmother, each of whom was an excellent storyteller, who introduced the future writer to folk legends and linguistic features that later became important element his creativity. When García Márquez was nine years old, his grandfather died and Gabriel moved in with his parents in Sucre, where his father owned a pharmacy.

In 1940, at the age of 13, Gabriel received a scholarship and began his studies at a Jesuit college in the town of Zipaquira, 30 km north of Bogotá. In 1946, at the insistence of his parents, he entered the National University of Bogotá at the Faculty of Law. Then he met his future wife, Mercedes Barcha Pardo, daughter of a pharmacist.

Interrupting studies ahead of time in 1950, García Márquez decided to devote himself to journalism and literature. The greatest influence on him was made by such writers as Ernest Hemingway, William Faulkner, James Joyce, Virginia wolfe, Franz Kafka.

From 1950 to 1952 he wrote a column for the local newspaper El Heraldo in Barranquilla. During this time, he became an active member informal group writers and journalists known as the Barranquilla Group, who inspired him to start a literary career. Since 1954, García Márquez has worked in Bogotá for the newspaper El Espectador, publishing short articles and film reviews.

In 1956, García Márquez worked in Paris as a foreign correspondent for the newspaper; there he tried to write reports and stories, but had no serious income from this occupation. He later recalled: “I collected bottles and old newspapers, for which I was given a few centimes. From time to time I borrowed an old bone from the butcher and made a stew from it. " In the summer of 1957, 30-year-old García Márquez visited the USSR at the Moscow Festival of Youth and Students (he did not have an invitation, but managed to join his fellow countrymen from the Colombian folklore ensemble in Leipzig, since he sang and danced well, played the guitar and drums). Memories of the trip are captured in the essay "USSR: 22,400,000 km² without a single advertisement for Coca-Cola!" In December 1957, García Márquez moved to Caracas, accepting a job offer for the newspaper El Momento.

In March 1958, García Márquez briefly came to Colombia, where he married Mercedes Barcha, and together with her returned to Caracas. In 1959, the spouses had an eldest son, future film director and screenwriter Rodrigo Garcia, winner of the Cannes Film Festival. In 1961, the family moved to Mexico; three years later, the couple had a second son, Gonzalo, who later worked as a graphic designer in Mexico City.

In parallel, García Márquez is engaged in writing, writing stories and screenplays. In 1961, he published the story "Nobody Writes to the Colonel" (El coronel no tiene quien le escriba; initially readers did not appreciate this story: out of 2000 printed copies, only about 800 were sold), in 1966 - the novel "Unkind Hour" ( La mala hora, 1966). The novel "One Hundred Years of Solitude" (Cien años de soledad, 1967) brought him worldwide fame. In 1972 he was awarded the Romulo Gallegos Prize for this novel.

In 1982, Gabriel García Márquez received the Nobel Prize in Literature "For novels and stories in which fantasy and reality combine to reflect the life and conflicts of an entire continent." At the award ceremony, he gave a speech "The Loneliness of Latin America." García Márquez became the first Colombian to receive this award.

During the US presidency of B. Clinton (1993-2001), García Márquez, at the personal request of Mexican President Carlos Salinas de Gortari, unofficially mediated negotiations between Clinton and the head of the Republic of Cuba, Fidel Castro.

In May 2000, in the Peruvian daily newspaper La República, under the name of García Márquez, the poem "The Doll" (La Marioneta) was published, which served as confirmation of the information about the writer's fatal illness. The information was quickly circulated by the newspapers, but it soon became clear that the author of this work was not the world famous author at all, but the Mexican ventriloquist Johnny Welch, under whose creation the name García Márquez appeared for unknown reasons. Later, both admitted the mistake. However, to this day, these lines are very often found on the Internet, signed with the name of the Nobel laureate. Sometimes not very attentive fans and authors of fan videos on unknown reasons This poem is also attributed to Paulo Coelho.

In 2002, the first book from the biographical trilogy planned by the author was published - "Living to Tell About Life", which became a bestseller in the Spanish-speaking world. The book is written in the genre of "magic realism".

In August 2004, García Márquez sold the film rights to his novel Love in a Time of Cholera to the Hollywood film company Stone Village Pictures. The film's budget was $ 40 million. Filming took place in 2006 in Cartagena, on the Caribbean coast of Colombia. In October 2004, Random House Mondadori and Grupo Editorial Norma published García Márquez's latest work, Remembering My Sad Whores. A month before the official presentation, book "pirates" stole the manuscript and put the book on sale. The writer, in response to this, changed the ending of the story. The millionth circulation was sold out for a record short term... Pirate forgeries, most of which were confiscated by the police, are now the subject of a hunt for collectors.

In 2006, Pedro Sánchez, mayor of García Márquez's birthplace of Aracataca, proposed renaming the settlement Macondo, in honor of the setting of One Hundred Years of Solitude. A vote was taken, but although more than 90% of those who voted were in favor of renaming, the city was not renamed, as only half of the required 7,400 people took part in the vote. On January 26, 2006, together with Frey Betto, Eduardo Galeano, Pablo Milanes, Ernesto Sabato and other famous cultural figures García Márquez, demanded the independence of Puerto Rico.

In 2009, the Mexican government admitted that the Mexican authorities had been monitoring Gabriel García Márquez from 1967 to 1985 (that is, during the presidencies of Luis Echeverria and José López Portillo) due to his connections with communist regimes and leaders.

In the fall of 2010, a collection of previously unpublished speeches by García Márquez for the period from 1944 to 2007 is published. “I am not here to make speeches” (Yo no vengo a decir un discurso).

In Russia, the year of García Márquez was celebrated in 2012, because at this time the following round dates coincided - 85 years from the date of his birth, 45 years from the first publication of the great novel "One Hundred Years of Solitude", 30 years from the award of the Nobel Prize to the writer, 10 years since the first publication of his book of memoirs "Living to Tell About Life."

García Márquez was awarded the Order of Honor "For his contribution to strengthening friendship between the peoples of Russia and Latin America."
The All-Russian Library for Foreign Literature hosted an exhibition “Books by Gabriel García Márquez in the network of libraries of the Cervantes Institute”. The photo exhibition "Our dear Gabo" was also opened there.
The Cervantes Institute hosted an exhibition of contemporary Russian artists “Gabriel Garcia Marquez. One hundred years of solitude. 45 years of the novel - 45 views from Russia ”.
A cycle of film adaptations of the works of García Márquez was shown.
The Moscow Metro also took part in the celebrations with the Poetry in the Metro program. Starting from April 25, seven cars of the Moscow Metro carried metro passengers, acquainting them with illustrations and fragments of novels and youthful poems by the Colombian writer. The translations of the poems were made by the writer Grigory Arosev especially for the project.

Health and death

In 1989, doctors discovered that the writer had a cancerous tumor in his lungs, which was probably the result of his addiction to smoking - he smoked three packs of cigarettes a day at work. After an operation in 1992, the disease stopped. But the writer continued to experience health problems. Medical examination in 1999, he was diagnosed with another cancer - lymphoma. After that, he had to undergo two complicated operations in the USA and Mexico and a long course of treatment. On July 7, 2012, BBC News, referring to the brother of the writer Jaim García Márquez, spread the news that Gabriel García Márquez was seriously ill and suffers from senile dementia: “He has memory problems. Sometimes I cry, realizing that I’m losing him, ”said the writer's brother, adding that due to health problems, Gabriel García Márquez can no longer write. The writer's brother also said that García Márquez is in satisfactory physical form and "retains his inherent sense of humor and enthusiasm."

On March 31, 2014, the Mexican Ministry of Health announced that Gabriel García Márquez was hospitalized due to a lung infection and infection. urinary tract in one of the clinics in Mexico City. García Márquez was prescribed antibiotic treatment. Mexican President Enrique Peña Nieto was informed of the hospitalization and wrote on his Twitter microblog:

"I have been informed that Gabriel García Márquez has been admitted to the hospital and I wish him a speedy recovery."
It was later reported that García Márquez's condition was stable. On April 8, he was discharged. A spokesman for the hospital, Hakelin Pineda, said that García Márquez is still not doing very well, due to his age, so he will continue treatment at home.

April 16, the President of Colombia and close friend Writer Juan Manuel Santos stated that the information that García Márquez is terminally ill with cancer is fictional:

Earlier, on April 15, close relatives of García Márquez told the press that his condition is stable, although due to his age it is possible that complications will develop.

Gabriel García Márquez died on April 17, 2014 at the age of 88 at his home in Mexico City from kidney failure and subsequent respiratory disease. Until last moment next to the writer was the wife of Mercedes Barcha and two sons, Gonzalo and Rodrigo.

In connection with the death of the writer, the Colombian authorities declared three days of mourning in the country.

Quotes

“I had a wife and two young sons. I worked as a PR manager and edited film scripts. But to write a book, you had to give up work. I pawned the car and gave the money to Mercedes. Every day, in one way or another, she got me paper, cigarettes, everything that was needed for work. When the book was finished, it turned out that we owe the butcher 5,000 pesos - a lot of money. There was a rumor in the neighborhood that I was writing a very important book, and all the shopkeepers wanted to take part. It took 160 pesos to send the text to the publisher, and there were only 80 pesos left. Then I put in a mixer and a Mercedes hairdryer. Upon learning of this, she said: "It was not enough for the novel to be bad."

“I have always said and will never give up my words that the most interesting people live in Russia.

Novels

Cursed Time (La mala hora) (1962)
One Hundred Years of Solitude (Cien años de soledad) (1967)
Autumn of the Patriarch (El otoño del patriarca) (1975)
Love in Time of Plague (El amor en los tiempos del cólera) (1985)
The General in His Labyrinth (El general en su laberinto) (1989)
About love and other demons (Diatriba de amor contra un hombre sentado y Del amor y otros demonios) (1994)

Stories

Fallen foliage (La Hojarasca) (1955)
Nobody Writes to the Colonel (El coronel no tiene quien le escriba) (1961)
Chronicle of a Death Announced (Crónica de una muerte anunciada) (1981)
Remembering my poor sluts (Memoria de mis putas tristes) (2004)

Collections of stories

Eyes of the Blue Dog (1947)
Funeral of the Great Mom (1962)
One of These Days (1962)
The incredible and sad story of the innocent Erendira and her cruel grandmother (1978)
Twelve Wanderers' Tales (1993)

Documentary prose

The Story of a Man Trapped Outside the Ship (1970)
Loneliness of Latin America (1982)
Guava Scent (1982, co-written with Apuleio Mendoza)
The Dangerous Adventures of Miguel Littin in Chile (1986)
Changing African History: Angola and Namibia (1991, co-authored with David Doichmann) A Story of an Abduction (1996)
Country for Children (1998)
Live to talk about life (2002)

Screen adaptations

1979 - Widow Montiel (directed by Miguel Littin)
1987 - Chronicle of a Death Announced (directed by Francesco Rosi)
1992 - "Only death comes necessarily" (director Marina Tsurtsumia)
1999 - Nobody Writes to the Colonel (directed by Arturo Ripstein)
2007 - Love in Cholera (directed by Michael Newell)
2007 - "Man-Wind" (directed by Huat Akhmetov)
2011 - Remembering My Sad Whores (directed by Henning Carlsen)

Cartoon

1990 - "Very an old man with huge wings "(directed by Oleg Belousov)

MOSCOW, April 18 - RIA Novosti. Famous writer Gabriel García Márquez passed away on Thursday at the age of 87 in Mexico City, where he lived for more than half a century, according to the Mexican television channel Foro TV.

Gabriel Garcia Marquez March 6, 1927 in the coastal Colombian town of Aracataca.

He was brought up by his grandmother and grandfather, who introduced him to legends, folklore and folk language, which later became an important element of his work.

In 1940 he entered the Jesuit College in Bogota. After graduating from college, he began a lawyer's career, but soon left it for journalism and literature.

In 1947, Marquez entered Columbia University Law School. In the same year, his first story, The Third Refusal, was published in the Bogotá newspaper Espectador. Over the next six years, more than ten stories by Marquez were published in the same newspaper.

Moving to Cartagena in 1948, the writer continued his legal education and two years later became a reporter for the Heraldo, where he had a regular column "Giraffe." In 1954 he returned to Bogota and again became a reporter for The Observer.

After working in Europe as a freelance journalist for two years, Marquez took a job with the Cuban government news agency Prensa Latina, and in 1961 he moved to Mexico City, Mexico, where he earned a living from screenplays and magazine articles and wrote books in his spare time.

As a serious prose writer, Márquez first showed himself in 1955, writing the story "Fallen Leaves". The story opens with an extensive prose cycle about Macondo, a sultry coastal town immersed in an atmosphere of catastrophe, epidemics and miracles. The Chronicle of Macondo was continued by the story "Nobody Writes to the Colonel" (1961) and the novel "Bad Hour" (1966), and completed its famous novel "One Hundred Years of Solitude" (1967), which traces the fate of six generations of the Buendía family.

The novel was almost immediately translated into many European languages ​​(into Russian in 1970), it was recognized as a masterpiece of Latin American prose, which laid the foundation for a movement called "magical realism". The novel was awarded numerous prizes, the writer became an honorary doctor of Columbia University in New York (USA) and moved to Barcelona (Spain).

In 1974, Márquez founded the leftist newspaper Alternative in Bogota, and from 1975 to 1981, while the Chilean dictator Pinochet was in power, he was engaged in political journalism.

In the center of the next novel by the writer "Autumn of the Patriarch" (1975) - the exaggerated image of the fictional American dictator. In 1981 the novel Chronicle of the Announced Death was published.

In 1982, García Márquez received the Nobel Prize in Literature "for novels and short stories in which fantasy and reality combine to reflect the life and conflicts of an entire continent."

After receiving the Nobel Prize, the novels "Love in Time of Cholera" (1985), "The General in His Labyrinth" (1989), the collections "Twelve Wandering Tales" (1992), "Love and Other Demons" (1994), "Report on abduction "(1996).

In 2002, the first volume of his memoirs "To Live to Tell About Life" was published, in 2004 - the novel "Memories of My Sad Whores".

In 2004, the writer, who had previously refused to cooperate with Hollywood, sold him the rights to film adaptation of his book "Love in Time of Cholera".

In the fall of 2010, a collection of previously unpublished speeches by Marquez for the period 1944-2007 "I am not here to make speeches" was released.

In 2011, the Russian publishing house AST, which became the first Russian official copyright holder for Gabriel Garcia Márquez, released the first three novels - One Hundred Years of Solitude, The General in His Labyrinth and Nobody Writes to the Colonel.

Memoirs of Marquez "To live to tell about life", in which he is up to 28 years old, were first published in Russia for the anniversary of the author in early March 2012.

March 6, 2012 Russian President Dmitry Medvedev Gabriel García Márquez with the Order of Honor for his contribution to strengthening friendship between the peoples of Russia and Latin America.

Marquez has experienced for many years serious problems with health: in 1989 he was diagnosed with a cancerous tumor in the lungs, in 1992 the writer underwent surgery. A medical examination in 1999 revealed that he had another cancer - lymphoma. After that, Marquez underwent two complex operations in the United States and Mexico and a long course of treatment. writer, Marquez suffered from senile dementia.

Marquez was married to Mercedes Barcha. He is survived by two sons - Rodrigo and Gonzalo.

The material was prepared on the basis of information from open sources

Gabriel Marquez is a talented writer who gave the world such immortal works as "One Hundred Years of Solitude", "Love During the Plague", "Nobody Writes to the Colonel." This amazing person died at the age of 87, but continues to live in his novels. Why not remember the brightest fruits of his work, and at the same time Interesting Facts from life?

Gabriel Marquez: biographical note

Colombia became the birthplace of the writer, where he was born in the small town of Aracataca, a joyful event took place in 1927. The first years of his life Gabriel Marquez spent in the house of his grandparents, as his young parents were busy with their careers. As a child, the future writer loved to listen to the fascinating stories of his grandfather-colonel, who shared with his grandson his memories of military campaigns and battles. From his grandmother, the boy heard many folk legends, which later played a significant role in his work.

Gabriel Márquez left the house in which he passed early childhood, at the age of 9, having moved to the city of Sucre, where his mother and father lived. At the age of 12, the boy became a student at a Jesuit college located near Bogotá. Then he continued his education at the National University of Bogota, chosen by his parents. The jurisprudence, which he studied there, did not captivate the young man, but he met a girl Mercedes, who was to become his wife and muse.

Journalistic activities

Gabriel Márquez never received a law degree, dropping out of university, despite protests from his mother and father. Influenced by the novels of such geniuses as Hemingway, Kafka, Faulkner, the young man decided that his vocation was literature. In 1950, he first tried his hand at journalism, getting a column in a newspaper in Barranquilla, where he was then living. He also joined the informal community of writers, whose members encouraged him to start creating his first work.

For several years the writer Marquez worked as a correspondent, having moved to Bogota and got a job in the newspaper El Espectador. He traveled half the world, having visited the States, Venezuela, France, Italy. It is interesting that among the states visited by the genius in those years, Russia is also listed. He ended up in Moscow in 1957 when he was invited to a youth festival.

Finest hour

Surprisingly, it was only in 1967 that the world learned about the existence of such a talented writer as Gabriel García Márquez. He put the life of ordinary Latin Americans at the forefront when writing the work "One Hundred Years of Solitude" - and he was right. The novel gave the creator worldwide recognition, many honorary awards.

The work "One Hundred Years of Solitude" is difficult to compare with any other existing novel. It is subtly intertwined folk legends and historical reality. The book examines the history of Colombia, covers a two-century period (19-20 centuries). The heroes of Marquez demonstrate a violent temperament, while not forgetting about spirituality, this combination makes readers fall in love with themselves.

The most famous works

One Hundred Years of Solitude is far from the only outstanding work created by Gabriel Márquez. The novel Love in the Time of Plague has acquired many admirers. Its main character is an unrequited man in love. The chosen one gives preference to another fan, but the character does not lose faith, continuing to wait for the attention of an inaccessible beauty. Year after year, his love only grows stronger.

Other works of Gabriel Márquez are also noteworthy. For example, "Nobody writes to the Colonel" - sad story about a man whose deeds are forgotten. The hero of the civil war is forced to survive, receiving only a meager pension. However, misadventures do not deprive him of fortitude, courage to fight the injustice that flourishes in this world.

Autumn of the Patriarch is a novel that Márquez worked on for many years, repeatedly rewriting the book. Some of the features of the irreplaceable dictator from this work, who has tyrannized his subjects for 100 years, are borrowed from real-life personalities. The Chronicle of a Death Announced is also noteworthy; when creating this novel, the writer remembered many of his grandmother's stories he heard in early childhood.

Marquez Gabriel Garcia: books of "magical realism"

Marquez Gabriel Garcia, best books which was read by almost everyone - a famous Colombian writer, journalist, public figure, winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature.

For the world reader, he is known primarily as bright representative directions of magical realism. Marquez Gabriel Garcia, whose books are often written in a similar genre, are implemented artistic method, according to which magical elements are neatly woven into realistic reality. A typical such novel is the famous One Hundred Years of Solitude. But if you want to take a closer look at other works by Marquez Gabriel Garcia, the books listed on the site will come to your aid.

Marquez Gabriel Garcia: biography

Marquez Gabriel Garcia: whose biography is filled with the most different events, was born on March 6, 1927. At the age of thirteen, the boy began his studies at a college located in Zipaquira near Bogota, and then entered the National University of Bogotá, choosing a legal profession. However, he was not given the training to finish, since the future writer decided to devote his life to journalism and literature. Even as a child, he was read by Hemingway, Faulkner and Joyce, these writers greatly influenced the work of the future writer.

Being engaged in journalism, Marquez writes a column for the publication "El Heraldo", at the same time he joins the circle of writers "Barranquilla". It was this informal association that inspired him to start working in literature. In 1954, Marquez worked for El Espectador and visited Europe, the USA and Russia as a correspondent. But journalism did not interfere with active writing. And the asset young man- many stories and scripts for movies.

García Márquez is honored to be the first Colombian to be awarded the Nobel Prize. It happened in 1982. The wording stated that novels and stories in which the symbiosis of reality and fantasy reflect the life of an entire continent are marked. In addition, the speech that the writer read at the presentation is known - "The Loneliness of Latin America."

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