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Goats Shami. Damascus goat. Diversification

Sometimes the word "Syria" can even be happy to please. Syria is a remarkably rich region, extremely grateful livestock. Goats in the local wonderful climate feel perfectly, especially on the coast Mediterranean Sea. In essence, there are their homeland, and the arid climate of the Eastern Mediterranean - just that the goats are very suitable.

Delicious Syrian cypresses and Tui, I am sure, dreaming by my goats every night. And the rain or snow without stopping - not to dream, but also to go to them especially nowhere from our Palestine.

Goats Shami.

They are damask goats, they are Damaski Shami Goat, they are Cypriot Shami goats, they are Aleppo and Balladi. This breed appeared historically in the Middle East. In general, all goats, according to the assurances of zoologists, appeared in the Middle East, they have a goat point of the respauna.


In Israel, Syria, Turkey, Lebanon, Jordan and Palestine, a large flock of goats of Shami graze from the century. In some kind of wonderful year In English ships, representatives of these goat is important and with dignity moved to the island of Cyprus. There they were called Damasic goats. From there these goats and began to deliver around the world, calling for the Cypriot or Cypriot Damasic goats.

It is impossible to accurately call the place of the occurrence of this wonderful breed, except to designate an extensive area called the Middle East. But Damascus goats have appeared so long ago that their remarkable appearance managed to capture in ancient Arabic texts - literary and not very.

There are even references to religious sources, and about folk Folklore And you can not speak at all - there is a lot of fairy tales about Shami: the appearance, standards, the nobility and the nature of these goats allocate them from other Capra Hircus. No, of course, other breeds are also quite noble and characteristic, but the appearance of Shami is their distinctive feature.



Since the beginning of our century, Goats Shami are experiencing a purchasing boom. They are acquired by breeders from different countries, and prices for this breed rose to cosmic. I would not be surprised if all the goats of Shami gradually take out of Syria and drag throughout our planet. Especially since living now in Syria goes a little uncomfortable - people have armed conflicts.

About the breed Read more

There is nothing superfluous in the goat. It is ideal from the point of view of utility: milk, meat, wool, fluff and even the skin is used by ancient man. You can only put in the reproach of this hoof that she, lazy, does not collect honey and does not bear eggs - and indeed in this serious problem. But let's not be so demanding and forgive our horned and not very horny goats such trifles.

When obtaining proper care and high-quality goats of the goat Shami are capable of giving 4-5 kilograms of milk per day with a period of lactation up to 10 months. These goats are very large, noble species and very confident. Character is very calm and kind. They are usually friends with the owner, and with all members of his family.





Milk of these goats is rich in squirrel and fat, his qualitative composition Very sensitive to food, which is given to the goat, or which she herself will be able to get. Goats are perfectly adapted to all types of climate of the Middle East - coast, rocky desert and semi-desert, local agricultural districts.

IN lately Goats Shami often hold as decorative animals that combine external beauty with an excellent character and the ability to establish close friendship with the owner. Damascus goats are quite adaptive, smart and prone to cooperation. Traditional role These goats were in the supply of households with milk and meat. Of goat milk The whole line of dairy products can be made and, first of all, cheese. Cheese - in kind of top of milk products. In addition, it is very liquidated and can be kept for a long time.

Israel is very popular with milk rod milk Shami. There is a big program for the construction of dairy plants in the country, the main emphasis in which is made entirely on the traditional cooking of cheeses. In addition to Damascus goats, milk of Nubian goats and their hybrids with goats are used.


The standards of the breed of Damascus goats allow to improve the performance of other breeds of these animals. Once upon a time, Shami were red-brown, just brown and black. Nowadays, gray, white, beige and different mixtures of such colors were added. They have long legs, long neck Both the body, a small humpback head and long hanging ears.

Wool is long, and there is a short undercoat, which makes it easy to transfer rains, the scorching sun and cold. These goats feel great in the wilderness, and in the mountains, and in the heat of the sea. Even in the deserted place the goat will find a feed.

An adult animal is height in the withers more than 75 cm, weight - from 60 to 80 kilograms, goats are usually higher and harder. The bright difference between the breed - in the morda of the goat: she is a barrel, and for the most part, all other barbecue goats occurred precisely from Damascus goats. Eyes are expressive, long ears hang, and they, it happens, stop. It helps when attacks dogs or other predators. The horns are small, large or may not be absent.



In particular, quite recently, such trendy nubians occurred from Shami and British shorthair rocks, but, as always, the copy is lagging behind the original on productivity, weight and fatness of milk. Nevertheless, the phenomenon of sales of Anglo-Nubian goats is worthy of a separate article, and it is very interesting to somehow consider the mechanism of mass demand for the emergence of mass demand on, in general, nothing to the remarkable breed.

About ordinary ordinary native goats

In the most crisis moments of the history of mankind, the goats were next to people and helped them survive. Only on milk and dairy products, a person can not only live for months, but also intensively physically and mentally work. The very "tricky festy", offered in any newspaper ads for quite funny money, are capable of looking for food in cold and snow, it is necessary to help them only.



No matter how beautiful and noble daisy goats Shami, ordinary our landrassa are not worse than anything, but in some respects and better: adapted to local conditions Many generations. Cold and snow, short rainy summer and even the grass with branches in the diet do not interfere with them to live. Goats are very persistent animals, and they have the appropriate: they can and need not only to survive, but also to live joyfully, actively, and even with kids in addition.


The entry is posted in the sections:

Shami (Damascus goat, Damascus Goat, Shami Goats) - a goat with high milk productivity, as the breed formed in the Middle East. The ancestors of the Damascus Goat were local Cypriot goats common on the territory of Lebanon and Syria. The breed is distinguished by endurance and good fitness to all sorts climatic conditions. Combined well when the dairy and dairy line is removed.


Damascus goal is known in the Middle East from ancient times. It is mentioned in the works of Arab classics, religious treatments and oral folk creativity. And in all sources, its peculiar appearance, equilibrium and noble appearance are emphasized. The advantages of these goats in their versatility. Since ancient times, they were sources of milk, excellent skin, tasty meat. Shami always differed in high productivity.

Fame of breed

Damascus goal is known from ancient times, in the Middle East, its breeding is also popular as the breeding of Arab horses. Some studies show that this breed was used in the elimination of some modern types (There is a blood adhelation of Zaanensky and Nubian breeds). But the fame of Shami got quite different.

In 2008, a competition was held in Er-Riyadh - the "most beautiful damask goat" (Mazayen Al-Maaz). The show probably passed not noticed if not one feature. Shami are very different from the goat familiar to us - short muzzle, humpback nose, long limbs. These features are strongly expressed in goats.

Pictures of animals from the exhibition in the capital Saudi Arabia quickly spread over the network. It is difficult not to pay attention to a very terrible (even ugly) head, under which it is written that this is the most beautiful goat!

"The most beautiful goat" - original feeling Humor of Arabs

"As for today's achievement, I sold my goat when he was young, for 75,000 rials ($ 20,000 US dollars), and his new owner sold it at auction for 150,000 rials ($ 40,000 US dollars). We bought it back to our property, thank God, even if he was worth half a million, we will not sell it, "said Mohammed al-Khasasi, the owner of the winner goat.

But it is not necessary to think that all Damascus goats have such unusual external data. Most of these animals are the most ordinary goatswho give out a small nose hub and long subtle ears.

Damasky goat

Shami Description and Characteristics

Breed color brown with a red tint, although there are various tones of brown and light yellow. Minor spots are allowed white colorTrue, they are not welcome breeders. Unwanted and individuals of black color (recessive).

Shami White Masta

There are horned representatives of the breed, but experts lead work on creating a comolete type. And one more feature is narrow, hanging ears, long reaching 27-32 cm. Well, and, of course, the notorious council, which is determining when the goat is selected.

Damask goat refers to large breeds:

  • goat growth 78-103 cm in the withers, goats 74-84 cm;
  • mass of adult males 70-130 kg, females 60-90 kg;
  • cats appear on the light of very large - 3.5-5.5 kg;
  • four months old males are already weighing 33-36 kg, and female 30-34 kg;
  • on a day, the goat may be added 200-300 g.

For one side of the goat brings from one to four young, but more often twins appear in the litter. The fertility rate reaches 180-250%. The goats remain with the mother of just a couple of days, after, they are separated and artificially feed to one and a half months, and the modules begin to distribute.

Long ears - another distinguishing feature of Damasic goats

The form of udder is perfectly suitable for milking devices. For the lactation period in 240-305 days the goat gives 640-1100 liters. milk. Battime is 3.8-4.5%, the protein is 3.7-4.4%. Daily fishing of 3.5-5 liters, and "record holders" give up to 9 liters.

Breeding and content of damn goats

Shami are quickly achieved reproductive age. So, goats are ready to multiply after 9 months, and the seeding of the goat is carried out even earlier - 8 months after birth. The ability to reproduce the goats of this breed is preserved until the age of 6-9 years. After a month and a half after the event there comes the next estrus and the goat again ready for fertilization.

Look at the udder - these goats give a lot of milk

With a full-fledged diet, the ones are increased at times. Multipleness (the ability to bring three or four young) is also an indisputable advantage. It is also indicated on its calm character and friendliness. It bribes and causes its fame.

Damascus goats acquire not only as a unique wonder, but according to tradition, it remains a small food factory for the production of dairy products. Milk was used as additional food For babies, with balanced nutrition old people and stunned, as well as traditional means Treatment of skin.

Thanks to the excellent indicators of Shami, breeders attract it to improve various breeds. For example, Damascian goats were used when removing the Anglo-Nubian goat, hence the new breed has a characteristic profile and hanging ears. And from the crossing of British shorthair rocks and Shami, a variety of Nubian goats with short wool appeared.

Damasic goats wrap their ears with a tube, maybe you know why?

Damascus Videos





What you see in the first photo is not a genetic failure and not a mutant. it rare breed Home goat, which is called Damask goat, also known as Shami. Now this rare breed has become extremely valuable, and, according to experts, the cost of one such a goat can reach $ 67,000. The fact is that in their homeland, in Syria, the goats of this breed and are called Divinely beautiful.

Let's find out how it happened ...

This breed first attracted all the attention in 2008, when one of the goats of this breed won the title of the "most beautiful goat" in the beauty contest in Saudi Arabia. Damasic goats are mostly used to produce milk, but also grown for the production of meat and leather.

The most shocking in this breed is the difference between their appearance when they are young and when they grow up. The fact that first seems an incredibly sympathetic goat with incredibly long ears, later turns into a real monster, capable of scaring many of many.

The history of the breed is quite large, in the ancient manuscripts is described unusually beautiful appearance Goats and their productive qualities. Locals even created a variety of fairy tales, songs and sayings about goats. In fact, the breed is called Shami, local residents Also use such names like Balladi or Aleppo. They really have a beautiful, noble view, have a balanced character and high productive qualities. Well takes place in other countries with a warmer or cold climate. It has excellent dairy indicators, therefore shames are often used to cross with other breeds to raise their level of dairy. Most of the representatives of the breed are horny, but today specialists work on the creation of a combination of varieties. One more characteristic feature Porn goats are hanging ears whose length can reach 30 cm.

Breed refer to severe type weight Limit Which can dial the goats shame becomes 130 kg with a height of 1 m, and goats weigh 80-90 kg with an increase in 75-85 cm in the withers. Cats are born quite large - 4-5 kg, and after 3-4 months their weight can reach 35 kg. On the maternal milk Cats may add up to 300 g daily.

Goat Shami have a strong maternal instinctTherefore, they care well about their cubs. For one side of the goats can lead from one to four kids, but twins are most often born. Cats are located together with the mother only the first two days, and then they are selected and placed in a separate room, where they feed artificially, and the goat begin to distribute the goat. You can manually carry out this process, and you can use special equipment. Lactation It is 240-300 days, during this time the goat Shami can produce more than 1000 liters of milk, 4-4.5% fat.

Shami quickly ripen and ready for reproduction for even 1 year. Goats usually ripen to 9 months, and goats to 8-9 months. Despite the fact that the females are still quite small (about 45 kg weigh), but they can already fully go their first kids. 4 45 days after the goat's caught in the goat is again ready for mating.

Shami - the breed that was in charge many years ago, because completely provided the population with milk, meat and skin. If the goat feed abundantly and monitor the conditions of content, then the napodos will significantly increase. Nowadays, these goats did not lose their positive traitsAnd with the participation of scientists, new more advanced varieties of Shami began to be created.

The real purebred Shami has the eyes of milk, almost white and beautiful long wool resembling coat. Thanks to the wool, the goat positively feels in the heat and in the cold. Unpretentious to food, Shami can feed on any terrain. More and more farmers show interest in this breed, so Shami got recognition already in many countries from other continents. But still the largest centers for the cultivation of Shami are Cyprus, Palestine, Israel and Syria.

In many countries, these goats are kept rather due to their unique exotic appearance, rather than to obtain products. Although traditionally these animals were for the population of the Middle East with small food factories supplying it with milk and dairy products. Milk Shami was often used to feed babies, as well as as diet nutrition Elderly and sick people. Used it and as folk remedy In the treatment of skin diseases.

The excellent qualities of the goats of this variety could not pass by the breeders. For example, animals of this breed were used in the process of removing such a rock as Anglo-Nubian, as evidenced by the length of its ears and the barrel profile that came from the ancestors of Shami.

The breed, which is only gaining popularity in the CIS, but known for a long time in the countries of the Middle East. Productive and graceful, immortalized in the historical chronicles of Arab culture. Unique and so desired by True connoisseurs of goat beauty and exotic. Real "Goddess" among goats - goats shahmi breed. All these are not empty words, because Shami is in their homeland and called "divinely beautiful." They also have a few more names: Ballades and Aleppo. The first mentions of Shami were found in Syria, in religious treatments and local folklore, so the breed is considered to be Syrian, or Damascus. This is the most amazing breed among your kind, distinctive features Which are long ears, a barrel profile and a noble posture.

Description

Goats Shami are of a large breed, and a coordinated complex gives them an elegant appearance.

Long ears up to 30 cm long, a small head with a jumping profile inherent in Damassk Shami, somewhat similar to the English-nubian rock, however, the elongated neck and the presence of impressive long wool, radically distinguish rocks from each other.

The ears in Damascian goats are not so long, because they are a heat transfer regulator in the animal body. In the hot period of time, the long-haired Shami suffer from heating as no other, so the excess temperature goes into the ears, which, in turn, are cooled, due to its blood-and-vascular structure. Than long earsMoreover, they are able to transfer the hot temperature.

Performance

Founded by Shami in his homeland were the only source of milk, meat, wool and skin. Due to the lack of conditions of detention, over the years, the breed has acquired an indispensable resistance to temperature differences, and the absorption of any kind of food. Therefore, at present, Shami is famous for its unpretentiousness in nutrition and care. However, as is known to any goat, the quality of food is directly related to the taste qualities of the resulting milk and meat.

For normal conditions The goat content is capable of:

  • to enter from 2 to 4 cubs;
  • provide milk up to 10 months;
  • provide milk up to 5 l per day;
  • bring offspring every year to 6 years of age;
  • live up to 7 years old.

It is worth noting that the goats of Shami ripen quickly and ready for the concern already in 9 months of age. And after the downturn, they are ready for another pairing after 45 days.

Abundant nutrition of the goat during lactation can increase the fat content of milk and the volume of fishing. The maximum volume of milk from one goat is fixed 9 liters per day.

If the breed shames in goat-breed is present as an exotic animal, it is recommended to purchase a male person, which is further subject to castration. Thus, his life lifetime can last up to 10 years.

Benefits

  • Unpretentious to the conditions of content.
  • High fertility.
  • High fuel performance.
  • Picture character.

disadvantages

  • Horned breed.
  • High price.
  • Import is possible only from the registered manufacturer.

To date, the goats of breed Shami are widely divorced only in the Middle East, the breed is considered an exotic one in our breed latitudes. Domestic farmer must invest a lot of money and forces on documenting Imported animal. In addition, the overseas market offers only wholesale sales, and these are simply the transcendant costs. But local breeders are not afraid of the current situation with imports, they do not sit in place, and in the near future the goats of the breed Shami will enter the ranks of domestic goat breeding.

Shami, or Damascus goats, just begin to gain popularity in our country, although they were grown by centuries in Syria and other countries in their homeland. The breed is considered so ancient that the mention of it even is in local historical documents. The popularity of these goats is explained by their extremely high milk productivity. But, in addition, it is distinguished very unusual appearance, grace and high productivity.

In this article we will try to consider all the main features of the Damascian goats of the Shami's breed, including their origin, the features of the exterior, productivity and recommendations for the content.

Damascus goat Shami

Damascus animals attracted public attention relatively recently, in 2008, when one of the representatives of the breed was recognized as the most beautiful animal at one of the beauty contests in Saudi Arabia. But for residents of other countries, Shami seem very terrible animals because of their extremely unusual appearance (Figure 1).

At first glance, they look awesome, but in fact they are very peaceful, and in the Middle East, their breeding is as popular as the cultivation of elite Arab horses.

Note: After the breed attracted the attention of the world community, scientists began to conduct research to determine its origin. It turned out that it was the damask species that were used to improve some modern breeds - Zaanenskaya and Nubian.

Accurately install how animals appeared so unusual viewIt is now difficult, because scientists cannot even accurately establish when the first written and oral references to them appeared. It is known for certain that Shami was bred in the Middle East in ancient times, so ancient that information about these unique animals occurs even in religious texts and oral folk art.


Figure 1. In the countries of the Middle East, Damascian Goats are considered very beautiful

Despite its unusual and very awesome appearance, the Damascus goats are not fierce at all. This is quite peaceful and extremely productive animals that can bring a lot of profits to their owner. Make sure the following sections of our article will help.

Description and characteristics of the breed

Since the main one distinctive feature Representatives of breed Shami - in their unusual externally, we decided to stop more detail on the exterior of these animals (Figure 2).

Among the main features of the appearance can be allocated:

  1. The first thing that rushes into the eyes is a muzzle with a big humpback nose and serving forward lower jaw. At the same time, young kids with this feature look quite cute, but as they grow up in extremely frightening animals.
  2. The unusual shape of the muzzle is far from the only feature of Damascus animals. Their body is covered with a thick wool coat, which reliably protects animals from low temperatures and cold winds.
  3. Ears in Shami are very long: some individuals can reach 30 cm long. In a complex with a small head, such a feature is attached to animals an even more exotic appearance.
  4. Unlike other breeds that differ in shortness, the shames are quite high animals due to thin and long legs.

In general, the Damascus goat belongs to large rocks. The growth of the male in the withers can reach 103 cm. Goats are slightly lower, because their growth rarely exceeds 84 cm. At the same time, animals and heavy enough: goats can weigh from 60 to 90 kg, and the weight of adult males varies within 70-130 kg. The size of the rock is noticeable both by newborn goats, because they are born weighing from 3.5 to 5.5 kg, and in the future they add 200-300 grams of weight per day.


Figure 2. External Features of Goats Shami

Interestingly, Damascus goats are considered very prolific. For one, the female can lead up to four young, and most often it is one or more two-way. In percentage ratio, the fecundity of Shami reaches 250%. Interestingly, the goat is contained with the mother just a few days. Then they take them and artificially feed from the bottle until the age of a month and a half, and the female in the meantime distribute.

Girl breed breed

IN previous section We have already mentioned that the females of Damascian goats are distinguished by amazing fecundity. Despite the fact that the goat occurs just once a year, due to the birth of two, three, and sometimes four goats, the owner of the individual of the Shami's breed is able to quickly increase the livestock (Figure 3).

Separately, it should be stopped on the content of goat manufacturers. They are also distinguished by quite acceptable strength: they are ready to mate already in nine-month old, and it is possible to use it to be intensively for the end. two-year-old age. If the flock contains only one male and a few females, this number of animals will be enough for profit.


Figure 3. Young goats look very attractive

Interestingly, females are ready for mating already aged 220-270 days. However, so that early goat will not provoke health problems, it is necessary to ensure that the weight of the female make up at least 42 kg. In this case, productive females can lead the young until the six-year-old age. Next, their fertility and dairy productivity are reduced, and animals are usually rejected. Interestingly, the period of the onset of the new hunt after the goat is only 45 days, so it is possible to obtain young Damascian goats, almost continuously.

Successful breeding of breed Shami cannot be submitted without complying with certain conditions of content:

  1. The female should receive full-fledged feed, balanced in nutritional performance. Only in this case the high milk productivity of the individual will continue.
  2. And females, and males are extremely calm and friendliness, so the owner will not have problems even with the content of large livestock.
  3. Animals are distinguished in feeding, as they have historically lived in the regions with a poor feed base. However, experienced livestock rods are still recommended to additionally register animals with vitamin and mineral supplements to improve the quality of seed fluid in males and increase milk productivity in females.

If there is an opportunity to release the pasture of the pasture, damask goats in the warm season it is better to keep on free grazing. Here they will be able to find themselves to find themselves, and the task of the owner will be reduced only to periodic feeding with vitamin-mineral additives and issuing drinking water.


Figure 4. Animals differ endurance and do not require special conditions of content

There are no special requirements for the arrangement of a cowboat for goats. Since the body of animals is covered with thick and long wool, they are well tolerated low temperaturesHowever, as representatives of other breeds are very sensitive to drafts, so the barn for their content should be durable and reliable (Figure 4). Otherwise, the content of the breed shama is no different from the cultivation of animals of other dairy rocks.

Productivity of damask goat breed Shami

Despite the fact that the goats of Shami treats the dairy direction of productivity, they can be called universal. Back in ancient times, they served not only by a valuable source of milk, but also used to produce delicious and nutrient meat, leather and wool high Quality. Undoubted plus The breed is both its multipleness, which allows you to quickly increase the number of individuals in the herd.

Note: Most experts note the extremely high dairy productivity of Damascus goats. The lactation period lasts from 240 to 305 days, and during this period one part can give 640-1100 liters of milk with a high percentage of fatty and protein content.

In the countries of the Middle East, the Damaska \u200b\u200bGoat is used as the main family feed. But, if there is no need for product production, and the animal will be found only as an exotic jewelry, it is better to immediately acquire a female, and the male. Usually castrate them and in this case Pet life expectancy can be increased to 10 years.

If you decide to make a Damaska \u200b\u200bGoat on your farms, be sure to read the main advantages of this breed:

  1. Goats are extremely unpretentious. Since B. natural conditions They have elderly emitted by poor feed, they have developed an amazing ability to produce quite a lot of milk even with not too intense feeding. But, if you still want to get more dairy products, you should choose high-quality feed for the livestock.
  2. Despite the awesome appearance, the goats of breed Shami are extremely peaceful, quickly get used to the person and differ in progress.
  3. High reproductive ability can also be used to profit. For example, the sale of purely young Damascian goats in the market is a very profitable business, although these animals are often used for breeding work. In particular, they are taken to cross with local rocks of goats to increase endurance, fertility and dairy productivity.
  4. The physique of animals is very strong, and the body is covered thick wool. Thanks to this population, special conditions are not required, since the animals are well transferred to the heat, and low temperatures.
  5. Female Shami are characterized by a well-developed maternal instinct. Thanks to this, they not only give birth to strong and healthy gods, but also quite successfully grow and raise young even without the participation of man. Although, to preserve the milk productivity of goats, the young is customary to overcome from mothers a few days after birth and get enough milk from the bottle.

In addition, it should be noted that the representatives of this breed are very rapidly increased weight. Already in the nine-month-old age of females are ready for the concern, and young goats can be sent to slaughter to get meat. At the same time, meat, and milk obtained from these animals is deprived of the characteristic unpleasant odor and is distinguished by excellent taste and nutritional qualities.

It should also be noted that by virtue of its origin, the goats of breed shames are distinguished by amazing resistance, quickly acclimatize and take root in the regions with any climate.

Naturally, this breed has certain disadvantages, but they can be called insignificant. First, some livestock breeders are considered to be a lack of catching breed. It is believed that it is much easier and safer to care for animals devoid of horns. But, given the peace-loving character of Damasky Goats, this feature can hardly be called a full disadvantage.

Secondly, due to the distribution of the breed only in a certain region, the purebred adults and young people are quite expensive. In addition, only certain breeders from the Middle East are engaged in the delivery of such animals to export, and if you want to breed Damascus goats with the aim of selling young people, you will have to go through a complicated registration procedure. But, given the high cost of these animals in the market, all these efforts can be called quite justified.

In general, Damascian goats of breed Shami can be called quite suitable animals for homemade cultivation Because of their calm nature, high milk productivity and common versatility. At the same time, if you are going to row such livestock, you are better to familiarize yourself with information about these goats and the features of their content, reviewing the video on our website.