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Description of goats breed Shami. Damascus goat. About ordinary ordinary native goats

Shami, or Damascus goats, just begin to gain popularity in our country, although they were grown by centuries in Syria and other countries in their homeland. The breed is considered so ancient that the mention of it even is in local historical documents. The popularity of these goats is explained by their extremely high milk productivity. But, in addition, it is distinguished very unusual appearance, grace and high productivity.

In this article we will try to consider all the main features of Damascus shahmi breed, including their origin, exterior features, productivity and content recommendations.

Damascus goat Shami

Damascus animals attracted public attention relatively recently, in 2008, when one of the representatives of the breed was recognized as the most beautiful animal at one of the beauty contests in Saudi Arabia. But for residents of other countries, Shami seem very terrible animals because of their extremely unusual appearance (Figure 1).

At first glance, they look awesome, but in fact they are very peaceful, and in the Middle East, their breeding is as popular as the cultivation of elite Arab horses.

Note: After the breed attracted the attention of the world community, scientists began to conduct research to determine its origin. It turned out that it was the damask species that were used to improve some modern breeds - Zaanenskaya and Nubian.

Accurately install how animals appeared so unusual viewIt is now difficult, because scientists cannot even accurately establish when the first written and oral references to them appeared. It is known for certain that Shami was bred in the Middle East in ancient times, so ancient that information about these unique animals is found even in religious texts and oral folk creativity.


Figure 1. In the countries of the Middle East, Damascian Goats are considered very beautiful

Despite its unusual and very awesome appearance, the Damascus goats are not fierce at all. This is quite peaceful and extremely productive animals that can bring a lot of profits to their owner. Make sure the following sections of our article will help.

Description and characteristics of the breed

Since the main one distinctive feature Representatives of breed Shami - in their unusual externally, we decided to stop more detail on the exterior of these animals (Figure 2).

Among the main features of the appearance can be allocated:

  1. The first thing that rushes into the eyes is a muzzle with a big humpback nose and serving forward lower jaw. At the same time, young kids with this feature look quite cute, but as they grow up in extremely frightening animals.
  2. The unusual shape of the muzzle is far from the only feature of Damascus animals. Their body is covered with a thick wool coat, which reliably protects animals from low temperatures and cold winds.
  3. Ears in Shami are very long: some individuals can reach 30 cm long. In a complex with a small head, such a feature is attached to animals an even more exotic appearance.
  4. Unlike other breeds that differ in shortness, the shames are quite high animals due to thin and long legs.

In general, the Damascus goat refer to large breeds. The growth of the male in the withers can reach 103 cm. Goats are slightly lower, because their growth rarely exceeds 84 cm. At the same time, animals and heavy enough: goats can weigh from 60 to 90 kg, and the weight of adult males varies within 70-130 kg. The size of the rock is noticeable both by newborn goats, because they are born weighing from 3.5 to 5.5 kg, and in the future they add 200-300 grams of weight per day.


Figure 2. External Features of Goats Shami

Interestingly, Damascus goats are considered very prolific. For one, the female can lead up to four young, and most often it is one or more two-way. In percentage ratio, the fecundity of Shami reaches 250%. Interestingly, the goat is contained with the mother just a few days. Then they take them and artificially feed from the bottle until the age of a month and a half, and the female in the meantime distribute.

Girl breed breed

IN previous section We have already mentioned that the females of Damascian goats are distinguished by amazing fecundity. Despite the fact that the goat occurs just once a year, due to the birth of two, three, and sometimes four goats, the owner of the individual of the Shami's breed is able to quickly increase the livestock (Figure 3).

Separately, it should be stopped on the content of goat manufacturers. They are also distinguished by quite acceptable strength: they are ready to mate already in nine-month old, and it is possible to use it to be intensively for the end. two-year-old age. If the flock contains only one male and a few females, this number of animals will be enough for profit.


Figure 3. Young goats look very attractive

Interestingly, females are ready for mating already aged 220-270 days. However, so that early goat will not provoke health problems, it is necessary to ensure that the weight of the female make up at least 42 kg. In this case, productive females can lead the young until the six-year-old age. Next, their fertility and dairy productivity are reduced, and animals are usually rejected. Interestingly, the period of the onset of the new hunt after the goat is only 45 days, so it is possible to obtain young Damascian goats, almost continuously.

Successful breeding of breed Shami cannot be submitted without complying with certain conditions of content:

  1. The female should receive full-fledged feed, balanced in nutritional performance. Only in this case the high milk productivity of the individual will continue.
  2. And females, and males are extremely calm and friendliness, so the owner will not have problems even with the content of large livestock.
  3. Animals are distinguished in feeding, as they have historically lived in the regions with a poor feed base. However, experienced livestock rods are still recommended to additionally register animals with vitamin and mineral supplements to improve the quality of seed fluid in males and increase milk productivity in females.

If there is an opportunity to release the pasture of the pasture, damask goats in the warm season it is better to keep on free grazing. Here they will be able to find themselves to find themselves, and the task of the owner will be reduced only to periodic feeding with vitamin-mineral additives and issuing drinking water.


Figure 4. Animals differ endurance and do not require special conditions of content

There are no special requirements for the arrangement of a cowboat for goats. Since the body of animals is covered with thick and long wool, they are well tolerated low temperaturesHowever, as representatives of other breeds are very sensitive to drafts, so the barn for their content should be durable and reliable (Figure 4). Otherwise, the content of the breed shama is no different from the cultivation of animals of other dairy rocks.

Productivity of damask goat breed Shami

Although goats Shami. refer to the dairy direction of productivity, they can be bolded by universal. Back in ancient times, they served not only by a valuable source of milk, but also used to produce delicious and nutrient meat, leather and wool high Quality. The undoubted plus of the breed is also its multipleness, which allows you to quickly increase the number of individuals in the herd.

Note: Most experts note the extremely high dairy productivity of Damascus goats. The lactation period lasts from 240 to 305 days, and during this period one part can give 640-1100 liters of milk with a high percentage of fatty and protein content.

In the countries of the Middle East, the Damaska \u200b\u200bGoat is used as the main family feed. But, if there is no need for product production, and the animal will be found only as an exotic jewelry, it is better to immediately acquire a female, and the male. Usually castrate them and in this case Pet life expectancy can be increased to 10 years.

If you decide to make a Damaska \u200b\u200bGoat on your farms, be sure to read the main advantages of this breed:

  1. Goats are extremely unpretentious. Since B. natural conditions They have elderly emitted by poor feed, they have developed an amazing ability to produce quite a lot of milk even with not too intense feeding. But, if you still want to get more dairy products, you should choose high-quality feed for the livestock.
  2. Despite the awesome appearance, the goats of breed Shami are extremely peaceful, quickly get used to the person and differ in progress.
  3. High reproductive ability can also be used to profit. For example, the sale of purely young Damascian goats in the market is a very profitable business, although these animals are often used for breeding work. In particular, they are taken to cross with local rocks of goats to increase endurance, fertility and dairy productivity.
  4. The physique of animals is very strong, and the body is covered with thick wool. Thanks to this population, special conditions are not required, since the animals are well transferred to the heat, and low temperatures.
  5. Female Shami are characterized well developed maternal instinct. Thanks to this, they not only give birth to strong and healthy gods, but also quite successfully grow and raise young even without the participation of man. Although, to preserve the milk productivity of goats, the young is customary to overcome from mothers a few days after birth and get enough milk from the bottle.

In addition, it should be noted that the representatives of this breed are very rapidly increased weight. Already in the nine-month-old age of females are ready for the concern, and young goats can be sent to slaughter to get meat. At the same time, meat, and milk obtained from these animals is deprived of the characteristic unpleasant odor and is distinguished by excellent taste and nutritional qualities.

It should also be noted that by virtue of its origin, the goats of breed shames are distinguished by amazing resistance, quickly acclimatize and take root in the regions with any climate.

Naturally, this breed has certain disadvantages, but they can be called insignificant. First, some livestock breeders are considered to be a lack of catching breed. It is believed that it is much easier and safer to care for animals devoid of horns. But, given the peace-loving character of Damasky Goats, this feature can hardly be called a full disadvantage.

Secondly, due to the distribution of the breed only in a certain region, the purebred adults and young people are quite expensive. In addition, only certain breeders from the Middle East are engaged in the delivery of such animals to export, and if you want to breed Damascus goats with the aim of selling young people, you will have to go through a complicated registration procedure. But, given the high cost of these animals in the market, all these efforts can be called quite justified.

In general, Damascian goats of breed Shami can be called quite suitable animals for homemade cultivation Because of their calm nature, high milk productivity and common versatility. At the same time, if you are going to row such livestock, you are better to familiarize yourself with information about these goats and the features of their content, reviewing the video on our website.

There is nothing surprising in the love of the owners to a cute and pretty animals. But it is not a fact that a lot depends on the appearance of a pet. From the face, as they say, the water is not to drink, and from the muzzles, apparently, too! It is only strange that all these monsters and monsters man brought artificially to enjoy their indescribable appearance. So that everyone envied, not otherwise! Take the house in the house - it has become peculiar fashion.

So, who will stronger our heart from the seven of the most terribly pets?

7. Cat is a timber



Cats-Sphinches, which do not have no wool - yesterday. Cat's woolthere is, but rare, liquid, growing separate "spikes" and blocks among carriers, especially large - on the face. It gives an animal appearance, worthy of monsters from the horror movie.


Genetic anomaly, created by the cats of this breed such a strange "demonic" hair cover does not affect their health, nor on their moral - rather a dog than a feline. In general, cats like cats. That's just uninvian guestSeeing the Master Murlyc, at the sight of such beauty, it can become bad. But there he, of course, and the road ...

6. Damasky goat


This is a creature looking as a victim of unsuccessful plastic surgery Or accidentally swallowed mines, in fact it is considered in the homeland, where they were engaged in the removal of this breed, very beautiful and noble. Nobility on his face - even debt. True, the nose somewhere went somewhere, but to whom would it come to mind between the nose and nobility?

This Chinese breed has been more than 400 years old. It features a caricature-folded muzzle and huge hanging ears. Despite the completely surreal view, this pig - just a discovery for breeders - piglets in Maisanov happens at 16, and these animals are ready for reproduction already at 3-4 months from the family.

One bad: meat is too fat for modern dietary standards. In general, a solid fat, and those who are going to eat, risks to escape the same physiognomy as this cute animal. But not for the sake of the same bass, such beauty will be given such beauty!

4. Canarics Gibber Italicus


Surely the one who brought this breed, Canaries were completely offended. Rare feathers, a peashed warbed figure, aqueous spindle-shaped legs - the cause of inbrid crossing ... They resemble scickers from the "Dark Crystal".


Birds with such appearance are unlikely to be eaten by predators, except that it will be blind predators. It hurts a pitiful view of these canary.

3. Sea Pig Skinny


These pigs are not completely deprived of wool - separate sections hair cover They have: on the face and legs. This is not the same rare breedlike Baldwin, whose fur is absent at all. Breed guinea pigs It would be as if as a result of laboratory negligence or malicious intent - anyone would and with whom to cross, so that breeders think so that breeders think. Some pigs resemble the revived wigs of varying degrees of silkiness and curls, others - like Baldwin - completely bald. And the skinnie only missed the muzzle. Well, just like her owner.

2. Donkey Poitu


These pretty large and strong animals look like the eyelid the eyelids. Them thick coat Put in icicles, like Dreada. These "launched" type of donkey are compensated for by excellent hardworking, but what - in each should be something good! They brought this breed in France at the beginning of the XVIII century, but later these cosmatic donkeys almost disappeared, not because of their sloppy bomber, but rather, due to the fact that the work for them was not.


In 1977, scientists scored alarm, having encouraging the donkeys from extermination, and the population overgrown, as hippie, donks, quickly recovered - they were like hippies, loving!

Shami ( Damask goat, Damascus Goat, Shami Goats) - a goat with high milk productivity, as the breed formed in the Middle East. The ancestors of the Damascus Goat were local Cypriot goats common on the territory of Lebanon and Syria. The breed is distinguished by endurance and good fitness to all sorts climatic conditions. Combined well when the dairy and dairy line is removed.


Damascus goal is known in the Middle East from ancient times. It is mentioned in the works of Arab classics, religious treatments and in oral folk art. And in all sources, its peculiar appearance, equilibrium and noble appearance are emphasized. The advantages of these goats in their versatility. Since ancient times, they were sources of milk, excellent skin, tasty meat. Shami always differed in high productivity.

Fame of breed

Damascus goal is known from ancient times, in the Middle East, its breeding is also popular as the breeding of Arab horses. Some studies show that this breed was used in the elimination of some modern types (There is a blood adhelation of Zaanensky and Nubian breeds). But the fame of Shami got quite different.

In 2008, a competition was held in Er-Riyadh - the "most beautiful damask goat" (Mazayen Al-Maaz). The show probably passed not noticed if not one feature. Shami are very different from the goat familiar to us - short muzzle, humpback nose, long limbs. These features are strongly expressed in goats.

Pictures of animals from the exhibition in the capital of Saudi Arabia quickly spread over the network. It is difficult not to pay attention to a very terrible (even ugly) head, under which it is written that this is the most beautiful goat!

"The most beautiful goat" - original feeling Humor of Arabs

"As for today's achievement, I sold my goat when he was young, for 75,000 rials ($ 20,000 US dollars), and his new owner sold it at auction for 150,000 rials ($ 40,000 US dollars). We bought it back to our property, thank God, even if he was worth half a million, we will not sell it, "said Mohammed al-Khasasi, the owner of the winner goat.

But it is not necessary to think that all Damascus goats have such unusual external data. Most of these animals are the most common goats, which gives a small nose hubber and long subtle ears.

Damasky goat

Shami Description and Characteristics

Breed color brown with a red tint, although there are various tones of brown and light yellow. Minor spots are allowed white colorTrue, they are not welcome breeders. Unwanted and individuals of black color (recessive).

Shami White Masta

There are horned representatives of the breed, but experts lead work on creating a comolete type. And one more feature is narrow, hanging ears, long reaching 27-32 cm. Well, and, of course, the notorious council, which is determining when the goat is selected.

Damascus goal refers to large breeds:

  • goat growth 78-103 cm in the withers, goats 74-84 cm;
  • mass of adult males 70-130 kg, females 60-90 kg;
  • cats appear on the light of very large - 3.5-5.5 kg;
  • four months old males are already weighing 33-36 kg, and female 30-34 kg;
  • on a day, the goat may be added 200-300 g.

For one side of the goat brings from one to four young, but more often twins appear in the litter. The fertility rate reaches 180-250%. The goats remain with the mother of just a couple of days, after, they are separated and artificially feed to one and a half months, and the modules begin to distribute.

Long ears - another distinguishing feature of Damasic goats

The form of udder is perfectly suitable for milking devices. Per lactation In 240-305 days the goat gives 640-1100 liters. milk. Battime is 3.8-4.5%, the protein is 3.7-4.4%. Daily fishing of 3.5-5 liters, and "record holders" give up to 9 liters.

Breeding and content of damn goats

Shami are quickly achieved reproductive age. So, goats are ready to multiply after 9 months, and the seeding of the goat is carried out even earlier - 8 months after birth. The ability to reproduce the goats of this breed is preserved until the age of 6-9 years. After a month and a half after the event there comes the next estrus and the goat again ready for fertilization.

Look at the udder - these goats give a lot of milk

With a full-fledged diet, the ones are increased at times. Multipleness (the ability to bring three or four young) is also an indisputable advantage. It is also indicated on its calm character and friendliness. It bribes and causes its fame.

Damascus goats acquire not only as a unique wonder, but according to tradition, it remains a small food factory for the production of dairy products. Milk was used as additional food For babies, with balanced nutrition old people and stunned, as well as traditional means Treatment of skin.

Thanks to the excellent indicators of Shami, breeders attract it to improve various breeds. For example, Damascian goats were used when removing the Anglo-Nubian goat, hence the new breed has a characteristic profile and hanging ears. And from the crossing of British shorthair rocks and Shami, a variety of Nubian goats with short wool appeared.

Damasic goats wrap their ears with a tube, maybe you know why?

Damascus Videos





Breed name: Damask goat Other name: Aleppo, Baladi, Chami, Damaskin, Halep and Shami. Special purpose: Milk production Breed size: large Weight: Males: About 70-90 kg Females: About 50-60 kg Horn: may be horny or ruff Climatic endurance: All climatic conditions Wool color: Usually red or brown colorbut may also meet individuals with gray wool color Country / Place of Origin: Syria

Damascus goat Shami is a pet breed, which is usually used for milk production. Mostly this species Distributed in countries such as Cyprus, Lebanon and Syria. The breed is also known under some other names, such as Aleppo, Baladi, Chami, Damaskin, Halep or Shami.

The birthplace of this variety of goat is the Middle East. In the Middle East, it is still one of the most desirable goats around the region. These ruminants were exported by the British in their native regions in the nineteenth century. At the same time, they were taken to Cyprus, where the pets were multiplied and grown in large quantities. It was then that she got her official name "Damascus".

This kind of ragged was mentioned by many classics of Arabic literature. The animal often appeared in religious legends and folklore of the Middle Eastern region. Due to the fact that it was noble and had astounding characteristics, it was used to create many other rocks of goats. And for many years, up to today's days, this breed causes unprecedented breeder's selection interest.

Characteristic

Representatives of this species are large in size and have a distinct Nubian type. They usually have red or brown wool color, but there are copies painted in grey colour. Wool in animals is usually long. They may be horny or ruffes. Adult individual has a long neck and very long legs. Head towards the body is relatively small. Like most other goats, males are an order of magnitude more and harder than females. The weight of the male individual reaches about 70-90 kg, while medium weight The female individual is about 50-60 kg.

Purpose of breed

The goat Shami is a dairy goat breed and is mainly used for milk production. But they are valued not only for milk, but also for high quality and very tasty meat.

Interesting Facts

Damascus goal is described in Arabic folklore as a noble and having striking characteristics. An animal looks as if the car moved him, but in Syria and in other Middle Eastern countries the animal is considered a beauty benchmark, which is why they are used in creating many other popular rocks.

We recommend reading: " "

Shami pretty good manufacturer milk. On average, the animal can produce up to 1.5 kg of milk per day. Milk of this species is extremely easily absorbed by any organism, even the fact that has problems with the processing of dairy products.

Pets, most often, behave very weighing and are relatively calm.

Igor Nikolaev

Reading time: 4 minutes

A.

Goats Shami (Other Name - Damascus or Cypriot Goats Shami, in English Damascus (Cyprus) Shami Goats) belong to the breeds of dairy direction. These animals are found mainly in Syria, so they are also called Aleppo or Baladi.

Respect for this breed is so great that from breeders it is often possible to hear the definition of "Divinely beautiful goats". It is a goat. The variety of the Middle East is very ancient. Mention of it is present not only in the Arabic classic literature, but also in religious texts, as well as in the local folklore.

It is impossible not to note the characteristic appearance of these, unconditionally remarkable, animals, their excellent nature and noble appearance.

Breed Shami.

Modern goats Shami (or Cyprus Shami) are an excellent breed of lactic goats. For these animals, good endurance and high level Adaptation almost to any climatic conditions and terrain reliefs.

Highly efficient crossings of this breed are obtained both in dairy and dairy-meat directions.

Historically, goats Shami - horns, but currently active breeding work is underway to comional. Characteristic external signs These goats are their narrow, long and hanging ears, the length of which sometimes reaches from 27 to 32 centimeters, and a unique hubbone profile.

This goat is a variety is very large.

The goats of the Shami breed in the withers reach heights ranging from 78 to 103 centimeters, and the females of this breed grow up to 74 - 84 centimeters. The live weight of adult males varies from 70 to 130 kilograms, and females - from 60 to 90 kilos.

Newborn young weigh from three and a half to five and a half kilograms. Young Shami is very quickly gaining a living mass.

At a four-month age, the weight of young males reaches 33 - 36 kilograms, and female - from 30 to 34 kilos. Average The daily drill is from two hundred to three hundred grams.

Modern goats Shami are very large, graceful and slender pets. Distinctive features This breed is their long strong legs, pretty long neck, Little head and big, hanging ears.

A distinctive feature of the head profile of this goat variety is his pronounced cubism.

Modern breed standards require the right bite (the snack is a serious disadvantage). The eyes of these goats differ very light tint. Rainbow shell, as a rule, dairy color, and around the pupil itself - almost white. However, the standard is allowed another color of the eyes.

If we talk about the color of these goats, then it is quite diverse. The real pioneer shame is usually dressed in a long and beautiful "double coat", which is equally well protecting the animal and from heat, and from frosts. This allows the goats of the breed shame steady to transfer any climatic caps. Scarce pasture feeds are also not a serious problem for these animals, which makes them very attractive for maintenance and breeding. Modern goats Shami combine both an ancient original beauty and improved breeders of dairy productivity. However, historically, when choosing a goat or goat, first of all look at the shape of the head. Interestingly, the animal with a good head shape is much higher, even in the case when it is less beautiful thanks, it gives more milk.

Female Shami are characterized by good fecundity.

The goat usually happens once a year, and in each litter it is on average born from two to three goats, although it is often young and four. This gives a fertility rate at 180-250 percent.

Typically, kids take away from the mother at the age of two days and feed together mother milk To one and a half months of age, and the dies themselves are distributed.

Breed Manufacturers Cams can be used for reproduction from nine-month-old age, and in the future to be intensively used to mate until two years.

The first period of hunting in females Shami occurs at the age of 220 - 270 days. The weight of the goats at this time ranges from 42 to 54 kilograms. Good searchable these goats are given up to six years old. After the birth of the offspring, the next hunt in the module comes a month and a half (45 days).

Productive indicators

The undoubted advantage of this breed is the versatility of these animals. Since ancient times, they provided their owners not only by milk, but also wool, delicious meat and skin of excellent quality. Experts also celebrate their quiet, flaky Character And friendly attitude towards others. On the multi-flow of these goats, we have already been told above, and this factor is also undoubted plus breed.

If these animals provide a good full-fledged diet and decent conditions of detention, then their dairy productivity will be very high.

The lactation period at Doyight Goats Shami continues from 240-ka to 305 days, and during this time one female is able to give from 640 to 1,100 liters of beautiful milk, the fat content of which ranges from 3.8 to 4 percent, and The content in it protein is at a mark of 3.7 - 4.4 percent.

The average daily fishing of one individual is from three and a half to five liters, and outstanding recordists are able to give a day to nine liters of valuable dairy products. Dimensions of udder and nipples Let it easily use devices for the milking of these animals.

In many countries, these goats are kept rather due to their unique exotic appearance, rather than to obtain products. Although traditionally these animals were for the population of the Middle East with small food factories supplying it with milk and dairy products. Milk Shami was often used to feed babies, as well as as diet nutrition Elderly and sick people. Used it and as folk remedy In the treatment of skin diseases.

The excellent qualities of the goats of this variety could not pass by the breeders. For example, animals of this breed were used in the process of removing such a rock as Anglo-Nubian, as evidenced by the length of its ears and the barrel profile that came from the ancestors of Shami.