Stone fence in 1 day. Wooden fence with stone pillars. Stone fence laying

06.05.2019

When building stone fences, you perform two tasks at once: first, build reliable fencing around the site, secondly, decorate your territory, because the use natural materials contributes to the creation of an area as close as possible to the natural landscape. The most popular do-it-yourself stone fences are gabion fences (stones in a grid), flagstone-sandstone structures and regular-shaped blocks.

Natural stone is perhaps the most beautiful and durable material for the construction of garden walls and fences. Limestone, sandstone and granite are best suited for masonry. Slate and flint are also suitable, but tend to be more difficult to work with.

Stones can be raw, semi-finished (cut into relatively uniform blocks, but with uneven surfaces) or fully processed (in the form of identical blocks with even edges). The less stone is processed, the cheaper it is and the more difficult it is to put a fence out of it. Therefore, for the construction of fences with their own hands, they use a stone, which professionals call "restored". It is made from crushed natural stone soft rocks, such as sandstone, on a solution of Portland cement, tinted with iron oxide to give the composition yellow shade imitating limestone or marble. Compared to solid marble and granite, this material for the construction of stone fences is lighter, less hard and wear-resistant, does not have a characteristic fine pattern and does not give such reflections as natural stone. However, some blocks have a textured front surface interspersed with natural crushed stone as a filler.

Before building a stone fence, you need to choose right stuff. When choosing a stone, it must be borne in mind that it must correspond to the materials that were used in the construction of the house, other buildings on the site, paths and patios.

See how beautiful natural stone fences are in these photos:

Blocks of restored stone for laying fences are the size of an ordinary clay brick or of different, random sizes - to simulate a wall built from natural stone. Blocks are produced even in the form of so-called "multi-stones" with imitation of recessed mortar joints, and work with such blocks is much faster.

This article describes how to make stone fences with your own hands. various designs.

The main advantage of choosing blocks as building material for laying stone fences is that they are relatively cheap, resistant to weather changes and easy to install due to the correct shape and uniform size.

Before you build a stone fence with your own hands, you need to correctly calculate the amount of material needed to build the wall. And for this you need to decide whether you will build a stand from blocks of the same size in the same way as if you were working with bricks, or if you want to use stones of different sizes to create an external interesting drawings dressings. In the first case, it is very easy to estimate the amount of material: to make a stone fence as strong as possible, calculate how many blocks it will take to lay out one row along the entire length of the wall, and multiply this number by the number of rows. For a mixed block wall, it's best to make an accurate tie plan on graph paper and then calculate how many blocks of each type you'll need.

To make a stone fence, as practice shows, you always need to order a little more material than required by calculation. Some blocks may be damaged when splitting, while others may shatter due to careless handling during shipping.

As shown in the photo, for a do-it-yourself stone fence, the mortar is made up of cement, fine-grained building sand and lime in a ratio of 1: 1: 6:

Lime can be replaced with a synthetic plasticizer (the required amount of the latter is usually indicated on the package). Even better, purchase a packaged, ready-to-use masonry mix (which is somewhat more expensive).

Stone block laying is carried out in the same way as brick laying. First, it is desirable to lay out the first row on the foundation tape dry with gaps of approximately 10 mm. Thus, you will determine the exact position of the end posts and corners. After that, lay the mortar bed on the concrete and start the first row of masonry.

Lay the blocks until you reach the end of the wall or the first corner, controlling the row along the stretched cord. Then go back and make sure all the blocks are in a straight line and on the same level. To straighten the row, lightly tap the blocks with the handle of the trowel, controlling the result by the building level. Remove excess mortar from the joints flush with the surface of the blocks.

To lay a fence of stone as it suggests right technology, in the second row, the blocks must be installed in accordance with the selected dressing. Continue building, regularly checking that each row is horizontal and the fence rises strictly vertically.

When building a small fence, you can embroider the seams after all the masonry is completed. For larger projects, stitching is carried out every 3-4 rows.

After installation last row blocks, finish the top of the wall with a row of ridge stones and place stone caps on top of the pillars. At the end of the work, remove excess mortar from the wall surface with a stiff brush and cover it with plastic wrap if rain or frost is expected.

Construction of stone fences: dry laying of stone-sandstone

Most walls are laid out on mortar for strength. The only exception is dry-built fences from natural stone. Such walls, if built correctly, will stand for many years, and even if individual stones fall out, they can be quickly completely restored.

Most suitable for dry masonry stone-sandstone fence. As a rule, all six of its surfaces are parallel in pairs. The thickness of the material is from 15-20 to 100 mm or more. The length and width of flagstone can reach 2 m - it all depends on how the formation split during mining. Flagstone is sorted by thickness: thin layers are used for the production of facing tiles, and foundations and walls of various buildings are laid out of thicker stones. Sandstone is well cut by a grinder.

If you want the fence to be completely natural look, it is best to lay the walls dry. Due to the irregular shape of the stones, many cracks form in the wall, which are sure to be chosen by plants.

Before making a sandstone fence, make sure you have a place to unload the delivered stones. Then sort the stones by size: large - for the base; medium size with a flat edge - for front side; long through and small - for backfilling. Set aside the stones that will form the crest of the wall.

The strength of a natural stone fence laid dry with your own hands depends on the care taken with the laying of each individual stone. Neither a concrete nor a columnar foundation is laid under such a wall. A layer of large heavy stones, and the first row of the wall is laid on them.

Before building a stone fence, first mark the boundaries of the base of the fence with a width of 900-1000 mm, remove the sod or free the surface from vegetation. Dig a trench to a depth of approximately 150 mm or until you reach the ground. Tamp down the soil to make it firm.

Now you can lay the foundation stones. These should be large and relatively flat stones, the rectangular edges of which should be on the outside of the wall. Fit the stones together as closely as possible and evenly fill the gaps between them with smaller stones.

A key feature of a free-standing, dry-laid natural stone fence is that every surface, from the foundation to the top, slopes inwards. This slope is called a slope. As a result, the wall, which has a thickness of 900 mm at ground level, tapers towards the top to 400 mm.

Without skill, such a slope cannot be ensured, so you need to make two slope frames that will help build a wall with a constant and accurate slope.

They are installed at opposite ends of the foundation and hammered with a mallet with pointed ends into the ground. The side surfaces of the frames indicate the desired slope. To facilitate control, a building cord is pulled onto the frames, which, as the wall is laid, must be moved up along the frames.

The "dry" fence consists of two separate walls converging to the top, and the space between them is filled with backfill - a filler of smaller stones. Lay a row of medium-sized stones on the foundation along each face of the wall, laying with the most even end facing out. Make sure the row sets back slightly from the edge of the foundation stones. To prevent stones from rolling off previous row, use small fragments to wedge them (this process is called driving). Such pebbles-wedges are clogged from the inside of the wall so that they are not noticeable. Fill the cavity between the opposite rows with small pieces of stone and tamp them as tightly as possible. Do not use soft soil for backfilling: it will be washed away by rain very soon, and the stones will become dangerously unstable.

Estimating the amount of material required for such a fence is quite difficult task, because you can't just count the number of blocks, like you can with a brick wall. According to rough estimates,

1 ton of stone fills approximately 7 m3 of the wall, including the foundation. Of course, you need to order building materials with a margin so as not to look for it again if you do not have enough stones.

At the ends of the wall lay out a layer of long through stones. They should be directed towards the center of the wall and tilted back a little for added stability.

Depending on the thickness of the stone used, it may be necessary to add a second or even a third row to bring the wall up to a height of around 600mm. At the same time, constantly check that each row has the required slope. Try to place the stones so that they overlap the junction between the stones lying in a row below them. This is reminiscent of a spoon dressing in brickwork.

See what sandstone fences look like in these photos:

Make sure that the surfaces of both side walls and the backfill are level. Then lay a series of long through stones, each of which extends from one face of the wall to the other, and thereby binds both walls. Stones that are too long should be shortened with a chisel and hammer. If you do not have enough stones of the required length, space them evenly apart along the entire wall, and then lay shorter, “semi-through” stones between them. They should be long enough to reach the center line of the wall. Drive small stones again, working from the inside of the wall. Stones must not swing! Then lay the filling stones in the gaps between them.

Continue building the wall to the required height while controlling the masonry with a builder's line on the sloping frame. A low wall may only require one extra coat. facade stones followed by an overburden and a ridge. Higher walls may require another layer of façade stones and another layer of through stones closer to the top. Please note that the maximum height of a fence folded dry by an amateur builder is 1200 mm. Higher walls are very unstable, it is better to invite a specialist for their construction.

Carry out the final driving and backfilling and check the level again upper surface walls. Now you can lay the cover row. Its stones are laid in such a way as to prevent saturation of the backfill with rainwater. Their front ends should protrude beyond the slope of the slope by about 50 mm, tying the upper rows together, and the inner ends should interlock with each other as tightly as possible, like the teeth of a saw. In order to fit the stones well, they should be trimmed if necessary. Carry out driving so that the stones lie stably in the upper row of the wall and serve as a reliable foundation for the ridge.

If you are building a fence in an area where the winter cold is especially severe, it is still better to deviate a little from tradition and lay the covering row on a mortar bed.

This will reduce the penetration of water and, accordingly, prevent the destruction of the wall and individual stones due to frost. After all, it is when water freezes that forces arise that move stones and make walls unstable.

To better imagine how a stone fence is built with your own hands, watch the video:

After the final check of the final row, a comb is laid out along the building cord. As a comb, a row of semi-circular stones, evenly fitted to each other, laid on edge, or individual stones laid flat on top of the covering row, can be used.

In any case, the stones should be located as close as possible to each other. If they are placed on edge, then they should have the same slight slope. Small stones are hammered under each individual stone of the comb to give stability.

The next section of the article is devoted to how to make a gabion fence with your own hands.

How to make a fence of stones in a grid with your own hands and a photo of gabions

Gabions (French gabion, Italian gabbione - large cage) appeared in the 1880s, when a design was patented in France to strengthen river banks. It was a single-twist wire mesh box filled with stones. Gabions were not used very often, but after a century, half a mile new life: similar technologies began to be used in construction.

Modern gabions made of double twisted galvanized mesh are divided into 3 main types: box, mattress and cylindrical. The former are used mainly as retaining walls, building blocks and decorative elements, the latter as reinforcements for the bottom and banks of rivers, streams and ponds, and the third as building structures.

Gabions have sufficient flexibility, allowing you to accurately repeat the terrain and easily perceive the sediment of the soil. They don't even need a foundation. Due to the high porosity, drainage is also not needed.

As you can see in the photo, in the fences of their gabions, the grids are filled right on the spot with any available stone, pebbles, boulders, slag, clinker:

A gabion wall is an ideal solution if you need to get rid of a large amount of construction debris that has accumulated on the site, such as stone chips or old concrete. The main thing is that the particle size of the aggregate for the fence made of stones in the grid, erected by one's own hands, should be over size cell cell (70-150 mm). The material poured inside is hidden from view, and if desired, the mesh can be sheathed with wooden panels or, poured on top of the ground, plant climbing and creeping plants that will break through the stone filler of the wall and mask the mesh surface.

Separate sections of a self-built gabion fence are fastened together with wire, making up a single structure, which eventually "grows" into the landscape, becoming its integral part. This is facilitated by the gradual filling of gabions with soil and the germination of plants in it. At the same time, the strengthening of such structures occurs much earlier than the service life of the mesh ends. Gabions continue to exist due to the layer of cultivated soil formed in them and germinated plants.

If you make a fence of mesh and stone in the way that the right technology suggests, you can not only strengthen the relief of your site, but also ennoble it appearance. You can also build separate buildings from gabions. AT last years appeared the new kind gabions - a pergon, which is a narrow steel box welded from a galvanized bar. This product is intended exclusively for the construction of fences, arches, flower beds and decoration of various structures. Gabion fencing is the most popular design. The height of one section of such a fence is 200-250 cm. If you know how to make a gabion fence, you can arrange retaining walls from such meshes with stones, especially if the site boundary runs along a ravine or a steep river bank.

Wire containers filled with large stones, although very massive, fit perfectly into the garden, decorated in modern style. And most importantly - quickly mounted gabions in the future do not require any maintenance at all, unless you want to cut the plants that have chosen a wild fence.

This video shows how to make a fence of stones in a grid (gabions):

The fence on a modern suburban area performs not just the function of fencing the territory, but acts as decorative element, organically integrated into the overall concept of a private house. A stone fence, in addition to being very decorative, has some other advantages over others.

The most popular today are the following types fences:

from stone;

Characteristics of stone fences

stone fences have been known since ancient times and today have a number of advantages that distinguish them from the line of other fences. The main benefits include the following:

Material for stone fences

Cobblestone, or boulder stone.
This natural material is the most budget option. The price of a kilogram of cobblestones is 4 rubles. However, you can not buy it, but find it yourself in the fields, which will save even this little money. But be prepared for the fact that your fence made of this stone will not be bright. It will be an ordinary gray color with a rough or smooth surface, depending on the processing of the material. If you buy a red boulder stone, then this will give the finished fence brightness and color for little money.
Gravel.
Gravel and pebbles are the smallest stones used for building fences. It is because of their size fractions that these stones do not find frequent use in construction. If the fence itself is made of gravel, then the supporting pillars are usually made of brick to give the fence strength. The cost of 1 kg of pebbles (gravel) is about 10-15 rubles.
Dolomite.
Dolomite stone outwardly differs in that it is flat. It is mined from quarries as a result of blasting. Dolomite is used as facing stone. The price varies from 200 to 3000 rubles/m2 (about 600 rubles/m2 on average). The cost of dolomite stone depends on the size of the fraction and its shape.
Limestone (shell rock, bryozoan, marble-like).
This material is popular due to its softness and ductility. Limestone is mainly used for facing fences. average price material is 250-300 rubles / m2.
Limestone has its drawbacks: it has a porous structure, which is why it has an increased moisture capacity. Moisture accumulated in the pores of the material destroys limestone from the inside, making the coating short-lived in damp climates. In order to avoid destruction, limestones are subjected to additional treatment with water repellents, which increases the cost of this material.
Sandstone.
A very popular material used both in the construction of fences and houses. It is characterized by increased moisture and frost resistance, long term operation without loss of its characteristics. Due to its strength, high decorative and practical qualities, durability, sandstone is classified as an elite category of materials. The price for a stone is 2.5 - 7 thousand rubles / m3, and for sand tiles - 350 - 1100 rubles. /m2.
Butovy stone.
This material, obtained from dolomites, limestones and sandstones, has shown itself well both as a building material for fences and as a decorative element for cladding. Price for rubble stone starts from 250 rubles/kg.
Fake diamond.
Recently, more and more popular fake diamond. By its nature, it is nothing more than a concrete mass, processed and painted to look like one or another type of natural stone. Naturally, the cost of a fence made of artificial stone is less than that of natural stone, while outwardly it is in no way inferior to the original.

In addition to the material of the stone, it is worth paying attention to its shape and texture. The stone can be chipped, torn, rough, smooth.

The technology of building stone fences

Making a stone fence with your own hands is not easy: it is a rather laborious and material-intensive process that takes a lot of time and effort.
The entire construction process can be divided into several stages:

Determination and drawing on the ground of the contours of the future fence.
Laying the foundation for the future building.
Preparation of material for the construction of a stone fence.
Laying and erection of pillars.
The erection of the fence canvas.
Carrying out stitching.

Consider all the points necessary to make a stone fence with your own hands.

Marking the boundaries of the fence

This stage is universal when erecting fences from any building material: stone, brick, wood, etc. To calculate the amount of building material needed, you need:

Foundation laying

During the construction of stone fences, it is laid with the equipment of a waterproofing layer.
First of all, along the marked lines along the proposed fence walls, a trench is dug up to 80 cm deep and up to 60 cm wide and poured with concrete mortar.

It is important that the foundation must be solid, without gaps. That is, even where the installation of the gate is planned, the foundation is poured.

In the center of the trench, at a distance of 25-30 cm from each other, reinforcing bars are placed to avoid further cracking of the stone fence. Also, to strengthen the fence, it is recommended to equip the so-called foundation glasses, which are hollow concrete cubes.

Scheme of installing a fence with concrete cubes

They can be bought ready-made, but their cost is quite high. Therefore, you can make them yourself using cubic formwork.
The foundation should stand for 2-3 weeks, during which it is recommended to moisten it periodically by pouring water.

Preparation of material for the construction of the fence

While the foundation is standing, it is necessary to prepare the stone for the construction of the fence. To do this, it is necessary to make its primary sorting, dividing it into fractions. In the future, this will simplify the search for fragments of the required size.

Laying and erecting pillars

Support poles are very important element stone fence, as they give general design rigidity and reliability.

Reinforcing and pouring the fence post

Install the support pillars on the previously equipped foundation cups. Also, with the help of formwork, row after row of the column walls are erected, but the center is not left hollow, but is laid with a stone and filled with mortar. You can use substandard stone to fill the internal void or buy a cheaper natural or artificial stone. Support pillars in height can slightly rise above the main part of the canvas to give decorative look stone fence.

The pillars, as well as the foundation, must stand for 1-2 weeks, after which they begin to build the fence canvas.

The construction of the fence canvas

On the this stage the designer's imagination is activated. There are several options for designing the main canvas of the fence:

To build a stone fence, you first need to make a formwork. The optimal formwork height should be no more than one third of the height of the entire fence, and the length should be equal to the distance between adjacent support posts.
So, formwork is installed, filled tightly with stone and poured with concrete mixture.

Each layer must stand for at least 24 hours, so the laying of the next layer is started after a day.

When erecting the second layer of masonry, the formwork is not removed from the first layer. It can be removed only at the transition to laying the third layer.
The fence canvas after the completion of its construction should also stand for at least 1-2 weeks. And only then you can start decorating the fence.

Stitching

First of all, decoration involves cleaning stones from mortar, as well as jointing. To clean the stones, a hard metal brush mounted on a drill is used. It is not recommended to use water for this, as many natural stones under the influence of cement with water can change their color to an unsightly dull gray.

Jointing is done to a depth of 1-1.5 cm using a spatula with a narrow blade. Jointing makes the natural stone fence more textured and embossed.

Fencing in summer cottages or suburban areas is not only a way to protect against uninvited guests, but also business card at home, decorating the main building and allowing the owner of the house to express himself.

An example of a fence made of natural granite stone

A stone fence just favorably distinguishes a personal plot from the total mass. In addition to excellence in aesthetically, such fences have a lot of advantages. We will analyze what the construction of a stone fence on a personal plot will allow to achieve, and also whether it is possible to cope with it on our own.

Features of stone fences

Our ancestors built a stone fence to protect their homes far before us. Despite the fact that such fences are very ancient history, they can give odds to some fences made of modern building materials. Let's take a look at what makes these buildings so special:

Materials for the construction of stone fences

Consider what types of stones can be used in order to make a stone fence.

Boulders or cobblestones

If done, and there is a need to save as much money as possible, then this option stone will do most. The price of such material is very low, especially since it can be obtained for free at all, for which you just need to look under your feet.
Such fences do not differ in bright appearance and look quite simple and concise.

boulder fence example

You can slightly embellish such a fence made of natural stone by buying cobblestones bright colors. For example, you can find red boulders in the construction market, which will definitely make your site stand out among many others.

Gravel

This type of stone is the smallest of those used for the construction of fences. Most likely, you will rarely see such a fence made of wild stone on your way: the size of the pebbles does not make its laying convenient. In this case, a fence is built of stone and brick, where bearing duties are assigned to brick in the form of pillars, and gravel - a decorative plan.

The price of gravel, as well as cobblestone, is low, so if it is decided to make such a stone fence, the main expenses during construction will be associated with the purchase of bricks.

Dolomite

This type decorative stone has a flat outline. Its extraction is carried out with the help of blasting in special quarries.

Original dolomite fence with forged elements

As a rule, if it is necessary to finish the fences with stone, then the choice is made in favor of this material. Price per square meter differs markedly: depending on the size and composition of the stone, it is 200–3000 rubles.

Limestone

This type of stone, like the previous one, is mainly used for finishing finished fences. Its soft texture makes it very easy to work with. You can buy such material for 250-300 rubles / square meter. It is necessary to note some of its negative aspects. The structure of this stone is porous, which makes it hydrophobic.

In regions with a damp climate, such a decorative stone fence will quickly become unusable: moisture will penetrate into the pores and destroy the limestone from the inside. Thanks to moisture-proof impregnations, the problems associated with this can be avoided, however, it must be understood that this will entail additional costs.

Tiger sandstone fence using metal elements

Sandstone

This type of stone is used not only for the construction of fences for suburban areas, it is also actively used in the construction of houses. Sandstone is not afraid of water and cold, so the life of the fences of this decorative stone is very high. Thanks to all the advantages, it is very popular and very expensive.

To buy a cube of such material, you need to pay about five thousand rubles.

If you only need to finish the fence, then you can buy tiles made of this material, which will cost up to a thousand rubles per square meter.

rubble stone

A rubble stone fence can be built completely or it can be lined with it. This material is very common in the construction of fences due to its strength characteristics. You can buy rubble stone at a price of about 250 rubles per kilogram.

Stone of artificial origin

Thanks to the development modern technologies in the construction industry, more and more new materials appear on the market. Artificial stone is very popular for finishing fences, using which an imitation of any natural stone is achieved.

It looks no worse than fences than from natural materials, and its cost is significantly less. Due to the variety of colors, textures and shapes, you can fit such a fence into any exterior. personal plot.

Construction of a stone fence

Building a stone fence with your own hands is not easy. You need to have a lot of free time, as well as be prepared for some difficulties. We will analyze the process of erecting fences of this type in stages:

Let's talk about each of the stages of construction in more detail.

markup

Determination of the boundaries of the future fence is carried out in the case of the construction of fences from any materials. At this stage, you can determine the consumption of materials, for which you need to calculate the length of the fence, its height and width.

Foundation construction

Usually provide for fences. Work begins with excavation along the border of the erected fence. The trench is made up to 600 mm wide and up to 800 mm deep, after which it is poured with a solution. It is necessary to equip the foundation even where the gate will be located, to ensure the integrity of the structure.

It should be noted that it is mandatory to reinforce the foundation with reinforcement to prevent cracking in the future.

Installation of formwork for pouring the foundation

After pouring, the base is left to dry. If work is carried out in hot weather, it is necessary to periodically wet the hardening structure so that the foundation does not dry out.

Preparatory work

Since there are about three weeks before the foundation hardens, you can devote this time to preparing the building material. To begin with, it is necessary to sort the stones by size, which will allow in the future to produce masonry much faster.

If very large elements come across, then it is better to crush them, because they may not fit anywhere. You should also clean the stones of dirt and wash them.

Pillar installation

The pillars are needed for the construction of the fence to ensure the reliability of the future structure. It is recommended to install them in glasses pre-mounted in the foundation. The core of the pillars should not be left hollow, it is best to lay stones there and pour the mortar.

An example of a natural stone fence post

To save money, you can use cheaper stones or use unnecessary leftovers. The height of the pillars can be equal to the height of the fence or be greater at the discretion of the builders. After finishing work, you need to let the pillars stand for two weeks, and only after that begin further work.

You have bought or acquired land. The first thing any owner does, even before building a house, is to build at least a symbolic, and more often a capital and high fence to mark the territory and hide from prying eyes. It’s good if your site or house is in a village where good neighborly relations are still preserved. And if you settled in a new holiday village, where no one knows anyone yet and there are a lot of work crews of unknown origin around, then a high fence is the only guarantee of your safety. But in this case, its cost can be compared with the cost of the house itself.

There is a theory that the fence is an expression of the character of its owner. An open wattle fence is as different from a three-meter brick bastion as a gullible extrovert from a pragmatic unsociable person.

There is a third point: the attitude towards the owner that has developed over the centuries according to the height of his fence. If the fence is high and impenetrable, then either you are a good zealous owner, or you have something to hide.

The stone fence is traditional. It is better than any other fence to block the path of an intruder, it is beautiful and looks dignified. It's easy to make, the rules are simple. The main thing is to choose the right stone, place, height, style of the fence. If stone fencing is chosen, then the decision is clear.

Advantages and disadvantages of using stone for fence construction

pros

This is a natural environmentally friendly material, it looks expensive and beautiful. It organically fits into almost any landscape, combined with any design of the house and adjoining buildings. It is practically eternal and absolutely fireproof. A fence of any reasonable (and unreasonable) height can be built from stone - the foundation would be strong and the thickness would be sufficient. The selected stone can be combined with forging, wood, other stone.

Minuses

Such a fence is very expensive, it requires the help of professionals or your solid training. Any stone fence, regardless of the type of stone chosen, requires a serious foundation. The stone may need additional processing (cutting, grinding) on site, and hydrophobization.

A few simple design rules

A fence is part of the landscape or landscape that surrounds your home. It must be in harmony with the house, flowers, trees, garden furniture, design of reservoirs. If you have a design house, then the same design decision should have both the main fence and small house fences.
It is advisable to choose the type of stone that is typical for the area where your house is located. First, the logistics will be easier and cheaper. Secondly, there are probably a lot of buildings made of the same stone in the area, and your fence will look organic.
It is believed that in color solution both the house and the fence should not have more than three colors.
High opaque fences are good if the house is in a crowded place or near the road. The height should be such that only the first floor of your house is not visible.
Should be one style decision at the roof of your house - and at the visor of the gate and the roof (drip) of the fence.
The gate and gate are a very important accent in the fence. They should also fit into a single style decision of the estate.
Greenery planted inside and outside the fence will decorate it, visually facilitate the design. For a stone fence, ivy or tall plants, climbing roses or wild roses are good.
Inside, along the perimeter of the site, it is good to design a walking path along the fence, planting it with flowers and bushes.
If the site is large and the path is long, it is good to place gazebos or benches there.

Types and selection of stone

There are a lot of varieties of stone fences: this and river stone, and sandstone, and shell rock, and granite, and dolomite, and even pebbles in wire frame from the grid. There are also fences that are combinations different options - different types stones in one fence, stone with wood in any combination, stone with metal corrugated board, stone with forged or mesh inserts, and so on.

Boulders, cobblestones. Such a fence is relatively inexpensive. Large boulders and cobblestones are laid on a large number of solution. They are usually yellow-gray in color, rounded. Such a fence will perfectly fit into any design of the territory. On such fences climbing plants and moss take root with pleasure, which is very beautiful. In addition, boulder stone can be used for landscape design - to build alpine hills for flowers, to pave paths with it, to line the banks of reservoirs. And then your site will be solved in a single artistic style.
Fence from river boulders
A pebble having a flat round or oval shape, due to its smaller size (from 1 to 15 centimeters in diameter) is more often used in gabion nets. It's quite a budget option stone fence - but not very pretty. If you try hard, you can put the pebbles on the solution in the form of a fence, having previously built the formwork. Or veneer a fence made of brick or other stone.
Fence lined with pebbles
Gravel - fine fraction rock. It is also used in gabion meshes and concrete poured fences. It is always included in the composition of the mortar for any foundation of a stone fence, and before pouring the foundation it is filled up and tamped into the pit.
regular gravel
Marble is the most expensive material for building a fence. Therefore, you will not see a marble fence anywhere, but the marble cladding of a fence built from another stone - yes. Although it is also very expensive. Smooth, so it is poorly fixed with mortar during masonry.
Fence lined with marble and travertine
Dolomite is similar to marble, but not with such a pronounced color and pattern. It is much cheaper, but also much more hygroscopic than marble, so it requires pre-treatment before laying. special formulations which is called hydrophobization. It also has a non-porous, smooth surface. Dolomite fences are very beautiful.
Dolomite before processing
Granite is solidified magma. The most durable material among stones for construction, frost-resistant and heat-resistant. But it is also very expensive, therefore, like marble, it is often used for facing the fence. It comes in black, brown, gray and dark red.
Unpolished granite blocks for construction
Sandstone is also heat-resistant and quite durable. In terms of strength, it is much inferior to marble and granite. It is easy to cut and process, therefore, as a rule, it goes on sale in the form of regular-shaped parallelepipeds. Its colors are yellow, gray-green, the color of burnt clay. It also requires hydrophobization.
Sandstone blocks cut for construction
Travertine - calcareous tuff. Very beautiful, used for construction and cladding. Similar in properties and appearance to sandstone, but better in properties.
Wall cladding with travertine
Limestone, aka shell rock. Formed by the remains of marine organisms, on the cut, shell imprints or the shells themselves are clearly visible. Cuts like limestone. Poorly resistant to temperature extremes and moisture, also requires hydrophobization. More often it is used not for construction, but for decoration.
Shell rock blocks
Butovy stone. Natural stone of volcanic origin irregular shape, distributed and mined near Rostov. One of the most popular materials: beautiful, reliable, adheres well to any solution. Booth is divided into three types according to its shape: sawn, or flagstone, a polygonal flat stone with a thickness of 1 to 7 centimeters with a rough surface; and a torn stone - not flat, but voluminous, with a thickness of more than 7 centimeters.
Unsorted rubble stone
Fake diamond. There are several types. Porcelain stoneware is obtained by vibrating clay with the addition of paint and stone filler. Then it is fired in muffle furnaces. It is glossy, matte, embossed and glazed, and practically does not differ in appearance from natural stone, but much cheaper.
Marble stoneware wall cladding

The agglomerate is made from polyester resin with stone filler. Visually does not differ from natural, but much easier and cheaper.

Wall cladding with agglomerate

Artificial concrete stone made of concrete with filler. The cheapest and not very high quality looking artificial stone.

Facing with concrete artificial stone
Pergon or gabion. it french word it just means “stones in a grid” - a metal mesh structure filled with stones. Stones can be of any type, but relatively small ones are more often used for this purpose. Pergons - ready-made modules-boxes from a grid with stones; the fence is simply assembled, like a constructor, with the help of a truck crane. The gabion is mounted on site in the entire required length of the fence.
Designer pergons with stones of different colors

Photo gallery: a combination of different types of stone and other materials in fences

Fence made of stone with wrought iron inserts Sawn limestone fence with palisade Fence made of stone with wooden shields Fence made of dolomite, pebbles and cobblestones Buta fence with wrought iron inserts Buta fence with bricks Dolomite fence with plastered and painted insert Gabion fence with an empty strip planted with greenery Rubble fence with boards Stone fence with Italian plaster insert Gabion fence with grooved mesh Booth and dolomite Stylization under the English fence Cobblestone, brick, picket fence Rubble stone with corrugated board

How to make a stone fence with your own hands

Training

Reference consumption of materials per 1 cubic meter of stone masonry

Approximate consumption of stone per cubic meter of fence, depending on the type of masonry

The approximate ratio of the amount of stone and mortar, depending on the density of laying when laying without gravel backfill.

The approximate ratio of the amount of stone, gravel (or fuel slag for backfill) and mortar, depending on the density of laying when masonry with gravel backfill.

materials

Tools

Construction stages

We mark the territory with twine and pegs.
We mark the future fence on the territory
We dig a trench under the strip foundation. There is a rule: the width of the pit is 15 centimeters larger than the thickness of the future fence; its depth is 70–80 centimeters for a fence up to two meters high. If the fence is higher, then the trench is made deeper: 10 centimeters for every extra meter of height.
3D foundation modeling
We determine the place of the supporting pillars, they should stand every 2.5–3 meters. Without such pillars, the structure will be much less durable. Concrete pillars are poured independently.
An example of a foundation and supports scheme

But there is an alternative - ready-made concrete-block supports. Electric wires can be placed in such hollow poles to illuminate the fence.

Hollow block for support post
At the bottom of the trench, we tamp rubble or gravel 3–5 centimeters thick.
We lay reinforcement there (section from 8 to 14 millimeters).
We assemble the formwork from the boards so that the foundation after pouring is 10 centimeters above the ground.
Formwork collected in a trench
We mix the concrete, if possible, immediately over the entire trench.
Mixing concrete with a special "mixer"
Fill the trench with concrete.
We lay waterproofing (roofing material) on top of the concrete.
In the places marked for the supports, we fasten the reinforcing structures for the supports in concrete.
We put concrete support blocks on the reinforcement.
Fill holes in concrete blocks with concrete. The supports become monolithic.
You can not use ready-made blocks. In this case, a square sliding formwork is mounted according to the shape of the pillars. Reinforcement is placed inside and cobblestones are successively placed.

Stone fence looks more impressive and solid than other types of fences. Structures made from natural materials are different high rates strength and reliability.

However, natural stone fences are much less common than, for example, wooden or metal fences for summer cottages with brick pillars. This is due to the fact that natural materials and work on the construction of exclusive structures are more expensive.

Another important factor- high time costs. Even a team of professionals will need a lot of time to build a fence.

The process can be accelerated by making a fence of stone panels and blocks. The resulting structure imitates natural materials. But the design will seem natural only from afar. Nearby, stone panels and blocks for fence posts will immediately give out "hack-work".

In this article we will consider the features of the construction of fences made of natural stone. You will learn what materials are used for the manufacture of supports and sections and how professionals work. If you wish, you can build such a fence yourself.

Varieties of stone fences. Popular Combinations

Exist various options stone fences. Each of them has its own advantages and disadvantages.

Fences made only of stone are rare.

Photo #1: stone fence

The construction of such fences requires a lot of time and money. Combinations of stone pillars and wood or metal sections are more popular. Such structures are cheaper and built much faster.

Wooden fence with stone pillars

A wooden fence with stone pillars is the beauty and environmental friendliness of natural materials. With proper care, the sections will last a long time. Wood will require periodic treatment with protective compounds and paints and varnishes.

Photo #2: wooden fence with stone pillars

Metal fences with stone pillars

Metal fences with stone pillars are reliability and durability. The buildings look spectacular and perfectly protect the territory. Structures serve for decades without the need for maintenance and repair.

Most often, sections are installed from eurostudent, corrugated board and forged elements. There are some very interesting combinations.

Photo #3: metal fence with stone pillars

Fence stone posts. Material selection

Stone fence posts are made from various varieties of this natural material.

Granite. Durable and expensive stone. It is difficult to process and is used mainly for decoration. Granite will effectively complement a metal or wooden fence with brick pillars.

Photo No. 4: fence with granite trim

Cobblestone. The most popular material. Advantages - prevalence and low cost. Most often, gray and red-brown cobblestones are used in the construction of fences. Reliable and beautiful designs turn out.

Photo #5: Gray Cobblestone Fence

Gravel and pebbles. Due to the fine fraction, these materials are used mainly for decoration. large stones can fall asleep in the net. The result is an inexpensive and interesting fence.

Photo No. 6: fence made of stones and mesh

Dolomite. The material is flat stones of yellowish, white, gray or Brown color. Dolomite is used both for the construction of pillars and sections, and for decoration.

Photo No. 7: dolomite fence

These varieties are the most popular. In addition to them, when erecting fences and finishing pillars and sections, limestone, sandstone, rubble stone and artificial analogues of natural materials are used.

How to make a stone fence

The construction of a stone fence is a complex and lengthy work that requires knowledge and experience. Even a team of several people will need a huge amount of time to erect a fence. However, if you still want to do the installation yourself, read the instructions below.

The construction process is divided into several stages.

1. Territory marking

This stage involves pulling the rope around the perimeter of the fence. Mark the places of installation of the pillars.

2. Foundation construction

You will find detailed information about the construction of a monolithic strip foundation on our website.

The most suitable base width is 30 cm. In places where there will be poles, install metal profile pipes.

3. Preparatory work

While the foundation hardens, sort the purchased stones by greatness. This will speed up the construction process of the fence.

4. Laying stone fences (pillars)

The laying of stone fences involves the use of floating formwork. To speed up the construction process, all pillars are erected simultaneously.

fabricate required amount collapsible formwork from boards and self-tapping screws (for each pillar - 2 pcs.). Internal dimensions - 30 * 30 (according to the width of the foundation).

After the frames are ready, follow the instructions below.

Install formwork.
Lay the first layer of stones. They should fit as closely as possible to each other and to the formwork.

Photo No. 8: laying the first row of stones

Pour a thick solution so that it fills all the voids.

Repeat steps 1-3 for all fence posts. After that, fix the second formwork on each support with self-tapping screws and lay the next rows of stones in the same way.

Photo number 9: laying the second row

After a day, the lower parts of the formwork can be removed and the construction of the next layers can begin.

Note.

In places where the butt is attached to the logs, it is necessary to release metal corners. They need to be welded to the pipes.
Immediately after removing the formwork, fill the voids found with mortar. Expand the dried seams with a drill with a metal brush.

Photo No. 9: support at the stage of erection of the 8th row

After all the pillars are formed, take care of their protection from precipitation. Perfect option- metal or plastic caps.

According to rough estimates (if all the pillars are erected at the same time), the installation of such supports for a stone fence will take 19-20 days.

Stone fence with their own hands. Span installation.

Do-it-yourself stone fence erected different ways. There are three flight options:

sections without plinths;
stone plinths + sections made of wood, corrugated board or other materials;
masonry.

Two latest version assume the use of formwork, the height of which is 1/3 of the future height of the plinths or spans.

Stones are laid in layers. Each row should dry for at least a day.

During the filling process, the formwork remains in place. It is transferred higher only a day after laying the top layer.