Designation on off Conventional functional designations on all types of equipment
Speech by Professor Karelsky State University Ivanova A.V. in St. Petersburg, July 4, 2016. "There are only two final exams at school: basic mathematics and Russian. High school has become meaningless." Video: [link-1]
1) Finally, I figured out the reception procedures until 2015 and since 2015, the logic of calls, etc.
2) It is interesting about the piecewise linear scale for converting primary points into secondary points in mathematics in the middle part of this scale.
3) Especially interesting - about the experiment with the "general profile" in Vladikavkaz and Birobidzhan.
4) To this long video it would be nice to do a decryption. 1 hour 45 minutes is a very long time. Moreover, the most interesting and new thing, starting from the middle of the video, and not from the beginning.
Something he repeats and fantasizes quite openly. If you listen to him, the soviet school is straightforward to the tsar's grammar school. They took and produced teachers of the same quality, only a hundred times more. Yeah, for 20 years. Teachers they reproduce like cats, they are killed, expelled, and they only become more numerous.
And it turns out that my physics teacher from a courtyard school could teach physics. And the mathematician is the mathematician. And the fact that in the 8th grade I found mistakes behind the scenes in every second lesson. But then I did not study mathematics additionally, I just knew how to read and read the school (!!!) textbook on mathematics and physics for those entering universities. And FSE !!!)))
Now, if the teachers also knew how to read, then I could not find mistakes with them. But they could read something even in the university, if they could actually read, of course. But they did not know how, they knew how to read aloud, and the meaning escaped. Like most school teachers, what's in the 30s, what's in the 80's, what's now.
And if it were not so, then the parents of modern children would have an education. And the school had nothing to do with the education of children, since they would teach their children to read.
A dangerous dreamer, proceeding in his reasoning from his false fantasies. He wants to sweep everything under the rug so that the same illiterate teachers take exams, reproduce their own kind and everything looks good. And he would have taken entrance exams from those who themselves learned without school, as before.
Does he himself have schoolchildren? What are the students?
There is only one problem with the exam - predictable questions. If you make them unpredictable, 90 percent will not give up, so, alas, they will not. But if they did, the preparation method would immediately change. They would not prepare for questions, they would teach precisely the sciences.
These are two completely wonderful stories- memories of the era of the 90s.
No pink snot, but beautiful romantic story there is.
Structurally built on episodes-memories of the current 40-year-olds about their youth. Where there were crazy fans of pop groups, and the first new technologies and computers, first love, fateful football matches the Korean national team, etc. Very funny. Very close in spirit to us, I just looked like myself :))) Something, again in spirit, is similar to "Friends", only this is still not a sitcom, but a series. Very funny boys-girls confrontations, funny men's troubles, as they do in their youth :)))
Until the very end of the series, the intrigue remains, for whom the heroine nevertheless married :))) What kind of someone she married is immediately clear, but for which of the 3-5 guys around it is not clear until the end :))) Special thanks for images of parents are something :)))) And how is the sheep bleating behind the scenes! :))))
For those who are afraid not to distinguish between faces - here the faces and role images are selected so that it is impossible not to distinguish. :)))
First, it's better to watch 1997, then 1994, because the second series sometimes plays up the first in a funny way, even in episodes 1997 characters appear.
Look - you will not regret it.
And here's another topic. We carefully read- "8.1. Before starting a movement, changing lanes, turning (turning) and stopping, the driver must give signals with direction indicators of the appropriate direction, and if they are missing or defective, with his hand. In this case, the maneuver must be safe and not interfere with other participants movement. " If I stand in the far right lane and start driving straight ahead, should I turn on the turn signal and what if I, again, go straight? Something I don’t ...
Discussion
And whoever has an emergency gang is ready to explode! :-)))
Let's read: "8.1. Before starting to move, changing lanes, turning (turning) and stopping, the driver must give signals with direction indicators of the appropriate direction, and if they are missing or defective, with his hand. In this case, the maneuver must be safe and not interfere with other participants movement. "
And why should the driver do all this? What are turn signals for? He himself, in general, imagines where he is going to go and he does not need turn signals to turn or stop. Then it is logical to assume that turn signals are needed to inform other road users.
And from the point of view of other road users, the driver leaving the acceleration lane of the Moscow Ring Road actually drives to the left, moving away from the sidewalk at least slightly, but to the left moves ...
So the left turn signal, as many have already written, in in this case more logical.
the child was running the computer - the icon disappeared where the sound level was regulated. And there is no sound. How to find it and put it back in place (lower right corner)?
There is a child of almost 4 years old (3.10). Last night I’m lying watching TV, the children are pounding next to me. At the same time, I am not indifferent to her: I talk, kiss, hug - idyll. He starts jumping on the bed. I ask you not to do this, continues. I repeat several times, continues. I promise that I’m going to get angry now, ”he continues. I spank - continues. I go to another room knowing what makes me a specialist as an irritated spectator, comes after me and jumps on the bed in another room, an infection :)))) I already ...
Discussion
do not prohibit what is not dangerous for the child's health. if she's having fun, let her jump! we ourselves grew up on continuous prohibitions - without explaining why "not allowed" - stupidly "not allowed" and that's it! like "I said so". Did you like it? to me - no. and my children jump calmly. after all, it's not news for a long time that when you can do a lot - do something unpleasant for adults, children somehow don't want to be a "specialist" ...
the child has unfulfilled physical activity, plus a lack of mom's attention in the evening .. play tag, we still play rolls, I currency her on the bed, and she gets up, I currency again - so much joy))) still hold hands, raise legs, raise gymnastics to the child and you instead simulator ..
3 years old, still a baby, well, she does not understand a lot, she is still learning something, especially the fact that her mother is not busy with her, but with the TV. Buy your child a trampoline where you can jump)
Yesterday we moved to a new rented apartment. With a dishwasher. Since we have never dealt with this unit, we do not know from which side to approach it. There is no instruction. Friends and acquaintances also do not have dishwashers, so there is no one to ask. Couldn't experienced users give me a little advice? There is only one hope for you. Dishwasher Ariston, fully built-in. The panel has two rows of buttons. In one row are: 1. On / off. 2 START In the second row: 1. Rinse or soak (this is my ...
Discussion
I usually use the saucepan program. Everything is better washed. Only crystal and glass do not need to be installed.
At the bottom of the machine is for salt. In the door - I have such a screw-off round cap for the rinse aid, and for the powder - a folding one, it is very easy to handle it, because the powder has to be put in every time.
Normal program for very dirty dishes, economical - if there are no greasy pans and pans, medium soiling. I don’t know about the fast one, I don’t have it on Bosh. Two containers in the door - for detergents... If there are a lot of dishes, you fall asleep only in a large compartment, if there are not enough - accordingly, in a small one. From the funds you need the entire gentleman's set - detergent (powder or granules), rinse liquid, salt to soften hard water (do not neglect it, the machine will last longer). By the way, try to understand the instructions, there may be a small container on the door for rinsing media, there should also be a container for it. I have such a small box with a hole and a window for level control, but I have Bosch.
The child somehow turned on the subject on the boot screen of the laptop and now it is impossible to turn it off. Every time you turn it on, everything is black and white again. Ease of Access Center, Theme Change, Hotkeys - Don't help (what else can you do?
Tell me what the problem is. The computer stopped automatically updating the time. I went to the provider, he said that the matter was in the battery, he came to change it. After that, the computer began not just not to update the time, but after turning it on shows for some reason December 2004, as a result of which the antivirus immediately goes crazy. I no longer want to call this would-be lomak. And what could be the matter - put a broken battery?
Discussion
install right time and shut down (do not restart your computer); if the next day the time "flies" then the matter is in a bad battery
You can of course put it in BIOS, but I don't know what kind of user you can, and in principle, if the battery is bad, then this will not help either
Dear mothers, does anyone have such children? 8th grade. Good English, Russian, literature, history, biology, but mathematics, physics, chemistry - bad, even by analogy. What are you going to do with him, except for the law faculty, I do not see any options ... Well, not in in. yaz?
Discussion
My nephew suffered at the Physics and Mathematics Lyceum. Realizing that this was not his, he planned a legal one, the entire 11th grade was preparing. I passed mathematics at 52, with a hostel, history, Russian and English. 90+. V last moment chose a story. Passed on the budget at the Higher School of Economics. At the same time, no one yet understands what they will do in the future, but they learn with pleasure.
Tips for Bored Moms: Baby Games - Every Day
Discussion
Thank you for the article! I also have a huge sense of guilt because I just can't play for more than 30 minutes. And really there is a picture in front of my eyes that all mothers, except me, are, well, directly carried away by this process all day long.
Good day! Please tell me at what height from the floor you need to make sockets and switches. I heard about the standards 30cm and 90cm. It's right? In advance thanks a lot!
Discussion
The workers recommended me to do it at the level of a lowered hand - and it turns out - 90 cm. However, we have a one and a half year old child, so they did it somewhere at the level of 120-130 cm. )
05/27/2003 00:36:42, BiryukowWe have all switches at the level of 1 m from the floor.
The main part of the rosettes is at a level of 20 cm from the floor. Exceptions:
* sockets for a TV and a VCR (and a TV antenna at the same time) in the bedroom, which will be located on the wall on the bracket. They are located high where the TV is supposed to be.
* sockets for the work surface in the kitchen. They are located between the upper and lower kitchen cabinets.
* sockets in bathrooms for an epilator / hair dryer / razor (although no one uses an electric razor here :-))
I would also make a "high" outlet in the corridor for a hairdryer, if you do not dry your hair in the bathroom, and a "high" outlet for an iron, if ironing board its own socket is not provided.
If you send SMS during lessons, we will take your phone away. When we sit down to eat, it is forbidden to use the telephone. At this time, we are distracted from all strangers and communicate with each other. This applies to all cases - it doesn't matter if we eat at home or not. When you study, the phone must be turned off. Checking your incoming messages all the time will distract you: such a habit is not the best way affects learning. Remember, anything you send from your smartphone may one day become public domain. Therefore, do not send anything that you cannot show to your parents or teachers. Even if the program destroys photos ...
... This is how she describes it: “Friends of my children know: when they enter our house, they must take off their shoes, leaving them at the door, and lay out mobile phones by leaving them in a basket nearby. The first helps to keep the house clean, and the second helps to make friends. " Simply turning off electronic devices can be a symbolic spiritual reset for the entire family. Here is what one mother says, who decided to ban the use of electronic devices for the whole family - both adults and children - for a week. “The atmosphere in the house has changed dramatically,” she said. - Everything seemed more peaceful. There was no permanent annoying noise working TV. Board games,...
Discussion
Yes, it's interesting, but as a rule, it doesn't work much. My boy is harmful - he is trying to cheat somehow :). With tears he begs for a tablet and plays on similar sites a link to mini-games about minecraft he likes.
With a contract, well thought out, I'll take note)
What the control panel will tell us about.
Cleaning and moisturizing. There are three modes here. I am asked to choose between cleaning or combining it with moisturizing. If I cannot make a decision, the device will do it for me, having previously determined the air quality. So far, I stop at the combined version, and then we'll see, maybe I'll trust the technique. When changing modes, the device rustles in different ways, but much quieter than my old assistants. What's next? And then I can adjust the volume of the air flow, as many as four modes - quiet, stronger ...
Discussion
How interesting you write, Svetlana!
I read it with pleasure! (Chessgovorya, I already want to run and buy))))))))))))))))) But I'll be patient and I'll go read you further!
My eldest son is allergic, and not just allergic ... last year, in May, he was diagnosed with bronchial asthma :(
So now we need such a device!
Clean air in the apartment - my experience and preparation for testing ...
My parents always had a fad, if someone is sick in the apartment, then twice a day you need to turn on the blue quartz lamp... To enter the room, you had to wear glasses. I didn't like the smell of ozone, it looked like a hospital and something bitter. Nobody even thought about humidifying the air; towels were spontaneously hung on the radiators. Time passed and now I am a mother myself. It was hard to believe that I would decide to buy a humidifier until the moment I bought it. I doubted if I would throw money away for ...
Acquaintance of children with maramoyka ...
Last night after the children returned from the camp, festive dinner and the departure of the soup, the children said that their father invited them to go to the cinema "four of us together with his new aunt, because he loves her very much, soon they will live together, and he wants to introduce them to each other "O_O Children refused with the words" the four of us want to walk only with you and mom ", did not insist on soup ... Children" want to see dad and not dad in the company of another aunt, "as they explained their answer to me ... I ...
Discussion
On the own experience... A husband (already a former) introduced our children 9 and 4 years old to his beloved when we were still married. The children liked her, still: she also wanted to impress them: a kind, affectionate aunt. Because my husband immediately moved from our house to her, then he took the children to her for the weekend. The children did not mind: she spoiled them. I was furious, drank sedatives. And until now (they have not signed yet) she behaves this way. There are excesses: he calls my elder and says how much he misses him, how he loves, waits for a visit. I immediately call my husband (second-hand) and say not to mislead the children, in my opinion this is a farce ... He listens, she does not call for a while, but writes to her son in classmates ... In short , go with the flow. The situation is simplified by the fact that now her son will live with her - 7 years old, and the children are not friendly at all, he also calls BM "dad", which makes me angry))) Good luck, wisdom and patience !!!
And how was the word "mud wash" born? Who is this anyway? "Soup" is understandably short for "spouse". And what about the "mud wash"?
Why is the light blinking? I screwed an energy-saving ikeevsky light bulb in place of a burned-out ordinary one. And here she is in on mode. normally lit, and in off mode. flashing for some reason .... why? And what to do? Unfortunately, there is no other light bulb at hand.
My purchase, see Other products. Pick up: - Tulskaya from Pravda on sub, approximate time 10.00 - from Kolomenskaya near the metro or from home by dog-ti 1. ELECTRIC BAGS Baby ** liss Velor art 30 * 21E-EL Ceramic electric curlers from BaBy * liss, like ordinary electric curlers, are designed for daily use. They heat up quickly, so you can start curling your hair within 4 minutes after turning on the device and hold the temperature for about 15 minutes, and then slowly cool down. Ceramic ...
"Chainitskiy" question
Discussion
I will add with personal experience:
- iron teapots are very noisy when heating water.
it is worth checking the rhinestone in the store for what sound, so that it does not become an unpleasant surprise (like a squeak when boiling, you can hear it through the whole apartment even with closed doors).
- the body of iron teapots gets very hot. If there are children, then it is better to provide for this, so as not to hide the kettle in the "inaccessible zone".
- there are enough programs for heating at 40,60,70,80,90,100 degrees ... intermediate values are simply not needed, but for their presence the price of a kettle increases.
And lastly, you can perfectly clean the kettle by boiling water with the addition citric acid or vinegar. This method is perfect for both open and hidden heating elements.
01.06.2005 23:44:08
For an old man, this is especially dangerous, as any traumatologist will confirm. A dedicated bath or tiled floor mat can eliminate this hazard. Comfortable and secure bathroom seat. Handrail to hold onto when getting in and out of the tub. Memory. If there is a possibility that a person may forget to turn off the appliance, it is worth giving him a special socket with a timer. Or a safe modern electric kettle. Vision. All elderly people experience difficulties with vision. And glasses do not remove this problem by 100%. Telephone set with large keys, watch with big numbers or a talking clock would be appropriate as a gift. You don't just need to emphasize this. The large lens in the frame will help you to see the small ...
... Difficulty moving around. There are special "walkers" that make it much easier for the elderly to move around the apartment and make it safer. You can also think about how to save them from unnecessary movement. For example, no longer a big problem organize remote switching on - switching off the light. If old people live separately, good gift for the holiday there may be a set of various quality products... Remember if they have any good can openers, scissors. What else? Suggest. Free time... Sometimes there is too much of it. Maybe a subscription to a suitable magazine or newspaper? Tickets for a good show. Deck of cards - for playing ...
Discussion
And I gave my grandfather a videotape with his favorite film - "Officers". I haven’t seen him so ratsrogan for a long time. And I also definitely involve my grandchildren in this: homemade postcard, child drawing Framed to hang on the wall is the most precious of all our gifts.
11/05/2001 12:18:03, Tanyamy friend congratulated her 85l. mom on TV, the result exceeded all expectations. Elderly woman was moved to tears. Try it and you will see the happy eyes of your parents.
06/09/2001 15:44:36, lili"Truckers", "Business of the 90s", "Banking", "Lie Detector", "Lord of Diners", "Day Watch", "Turtle Race", "Oil Tycoon", "Dead Man's Treasures" - funny names board games for children, isn't it?
Discussion
Still, I prefer to buy in regular stores. You can touch it, you can see it. In online stores, it is often not the case.
I really do not like (this is a digression) that in many games (those in the boxes) there is often no description of the game on the box itself. This makes no sense. Our manufacturers are especially famous for this.
I have been buying all toys in online stores for almost a year. I especially like those with customer reviews. I prefer to take 3 games for 100 rubles than one for the same money. I buy 7-8 pieces at once, but I give them one at a time, sometimes I give a second one, if the first one didn’t go. But in general, the approach is correct to first look at at least analogs. But for a birthday, you can be generous.
How to choose a lamp in a nursery for a kid.
Discussion
Hello Olga!
It was very interesting and funny to read your article. When reading, the smile did not get off (:
Moreover, I have exactly the same situation. I have girls of the same age. the difference between them is 1 year and 1.5 months (: (2 years, 10.5 months)
reading straight see myself! I wish you patience! health to children! and happiness to all your family !!! (:
Olga
Thank you. When I was pregnant, I tried to "work out" with the baby in advance, I constantly worked with him every day, I thought that I would not be able to do anything at all when the second was born. And now it is more and more fun and easier every day. We have a huge wooden construction set and we build together and destroy. The senior whirligig is awful, but it seems to me that there are more brains now, but earlier he could, for example, while I feed the baby, hide from me with a curtain on the windowsill. The main thing is that for 3 years you will not changed their mind because the second child is important step and in fact everything is very serious. and if you do not get distracted by household chores, and play nonstop with the kids, ideas are born every minute.
LIGHTING EQUIPMENT FROM THE MANUFACTURER N * O * O * TECH. LIGHT REGULATORS OF DIFFERENT MODIFICATIONS, TIMERS, "APARTMENT GUARDIAN" AND OTHER. BUDGET PRICES! 7-10 times cheaper than imports with excellent quality. 12 months warranty Replacement and return of marriage. http: //www.n*o*o.c*o-*m.b*y/products/inde-x.php We remove the stars! There is a WHOLE assortment of the site! ransom at the end of March for their own. ORG + 15% (except for pulsers - they are without%). For controllers and impulsers - 30% prepayment Wholesale price on the site. Prices in $ at the rate of the site on the day of redemption ...
Discussion
TIMER-Sentinel guards the apartment
Appointment
The watchdog timer is designed to simulate your presence in an empty apartment. At the same time, it automatically turns on and off the lighting at random for downgraded brightness.
Principle of operation
Specifications
Mains voltage 220 V ± 20%
Load power 40 - 300 W
Connection and installation diagram
Attention!
TIMERS
Appointment
Specifications
Mains voltage 220 V ± 20%
Connection and installation diagram
Attention!
Appointment
The timer is designed for joint operation with incandescent and halogen lamps for 220 V and 12 V (the latter are fed through a conventional, non-electronic transformer).
Principle of operation
Specifications
Mains voltage 220 V ± 20%
Shutdown time
(subject to change) 5 min
Connection and installation diagram
Attention!
The timer is installed in the junction box (A) together with the switch (B) (see diagram).
- Connect the light wires to the wires from the installation box (A) going to the lighting lamps.
- Connect the dark wires to the switch terminals (B).
Appointment
The timer is designed for joint operation with incandescent and halogen lamps for 220 V and 12 V (the latter are fed through a conventional, non-electronic transformer).
Principle of operation
Specifications
Mains voltage 220 V ± 20%
Shutdown time
(subject to change) 5 min
Connection and installation diagram
Attention!
The timer is designed for joint operation with incandescent and halogen lamps for 220 V and 12 V (the latter are fed through a conventional, non-electronic transformer).
The Watchdog Timer does not work with electronic transformers!
Principle of operation
The watchdog timer works in conjunction with a rocker switch and has 2 functions.
Function 1 - Turn on / off lighting.
Flip the on / off switch to the opposite position.
Function 2 - Simulate the presence of a person.
Entering the Simulated presence mode - repeatedly (6-8 times) turn on / off the lighting before lighting the lamps at a reduced brightness. The interval between switching on is no more than 3 seconds. Exit from the Simulated presence mode - repeatedly (6-8 times) turn on / off the lighting before lighting the lamps at maximum brightness.
Specifications
Mains voltage 220 V ± 20%
Load power 40 - 300 W
Load type incandescent lamp, halogen lamp
Connection and installation diagram
Attention!
Connect the Timer with disconnected mains voltage. The total power of the load connected to the Timer should not exceed 300 watts.
The timer is installed in the junction box (A) together with the switch (B) (see diagram).
- Connect the light wires to the wires from the installation box (A) going to the lighting lamps.
- Connect the dark wires to the switch terminals (B).
TIMERS
********************-********************-********************-*****
BATHROOM TIMER BZT-300-SU
Appointment
The timer for bathrooms is designed to turn on and off the exhaust ventilation of the bathroom.
The timer turns on the fan 30 seconds after turning on the lighting and turns off the fan 5 minutes after turning off the light in the bathroom.
Specifications
Mains voltage 220 V ± 20%
Fan power 40 - 300 W
Fan activation delay 30 sec
Fan off delay 5 min
Connection and installation diagram
Attention!
Connect the Timer for bathrooms with disconnected mains voltage. The power of the fan connected to the Timer must not exceed 300 W.
The timer is connected with three pairs of wires, as shown in the diagram.
1. A pair of wires white connect to the fan.
2. A pair of wires gray connect to 220 V.
3. Connect a pair of black wires:
- for 220 V bathroom lighting lamps - parallel to the lamp (see diagram);
- for 12 V bathroom lighting lamps - parallel to the primary winding of the step-down transformer or the input terminals of the electronic transformer (see diagram).
LIGHT OFF TIMER BZT-300-OS, BZT-500-OS, BZT-1000-OS, BZT-1500-OS
Appointment
The lighting off timer is designed for automatic shutdown light 5 minutes after turning it on.
The timer is designed for joint operation with incandescent and halogen lamps for 220 V and 12 V (the latter are fed through a conventional, non-electronic transformer).
Does not work with electronic transformers!
Principle of operation
The off timer works in conjunction with a rocker switch.
Turning on the lighting - turn the switch to the opposite position.
Lighting off - occurs automatically 5 minutes after switching on. If it is necessary to turn off the light earlier than 5 minutes later, switch the switch to the opposite position.
Specifications
Mains voltage 220 V ± 20%
Shutdown time
(subject to change) 5 min
Load power 40 - 300, W -500W, -1000W, -1500W according to the model range.
Connection and installation diagram
Attention!
Connect the Timer with disconnected mains voltage. The total power of the load connected to the Timer should not exceed 300 W for BZT-300-OS, 500 W for BZT-500-OS 1000 W for BZT-1000-OS and 1500 W for BZT-1500-OS.
The timer is installed in the junction box (A) together with the switch (B) (see diagram).
- Connect the light wires to the wires from the installation box (A) going to the lighting lamps.
- Connect the dark wires to the switch terminals (B).
TIMER-LADDER SWITCH BZT-300-LV, BZT-500-LV, BZT-1000-LV, BZT-1500-LV
Appointment
The timer-ladder switch is designed to automatically turn off the light 5 minutes after it is turned on.
The timer is designed for joint operation with incandescent and halogen lamps for 220 V and 12 V (the latter are fed through a conventional, non-electronic transformer).
The timer does not work with electronic transformers!
Principle of operation
The timer-ladder switch works in conjunction with the push-button (s) switch (s).
Turning on the lighting - press the switch button.
Turning off the lighting - occurs automatically 5 minutes after turning on (pressing the switch button).
Specifications
Mains voltage 220 V ± 20%
Shutdown time
(subject to change) 5 min
Load power 40 - 300 W for BZT-300-LV, 40 - 500 W for BZT-500-LV, 40 - 1000 W for BZT-1000-LV, 40 - 1500 W for BZT-1500-LV
Connection and installation diagram
Attention!
Connect the Timer with disconnected mains voltage. The total power of the load connected to the Timer should not exceed 300 W for BZT-300-LV, 500 W for BZT-500-LV, 1000 W for BZT-1000-LV, 1500 W for BZT-1500-LV
The timer is installed in an installation box (A) together with a pushbutton switch (B) (see diagram).
- Connect the light wires to the power supply break of the lamps.
- Connect the dark wires to the terminals of the button switch.
LIGHTING EQUIPMENT FROM THE MANUFACTURER N * O * O * TECH. LIGHT REGULATORS OF DIFFERENT MODIFICATIONS, TIMERS, "APARTMENT GUARDIAN" AND OTHER. BUDGET PRICES! excellent quality... 12 months warranty Replacement and return of marriage. http: //www.n*o*o.c*o-*m.b*y/products/inde-x.php We remove the stars! There is a WHOLE assortment of the site! ransom at the end of March for their own. ORG + 15% Wholesale price on the site. Prices in $ at the rate of the site on the day of redemption. So far, we are guided by the 2nd column. The cost depends on the size of our order and will be posted on each ...
Discussion
Dimmer SAPPHIRE with remote control
! TURN ON THE LIGHT WITHOUT STANDING FROM THE SOFA!
You have turned on and off the light hundreds and thousands of times, not suspecting that modern switches are capable of more. The Nootechnika company has been producing such switches for 9 years, constantly improving their design.
With a modern switch "Sapphire" you can turn on, turn off and adjust the brightness of the lighting not only manually, but also remotely using the remote control. And any will do remote control from the household equipment available in the house.
Built-in soft start mode eliminates harmful effect on the eyes with a sharp flash of light and significantly prolongs the life of the lamps.
Leaving on vacation, you can be calm: in the special mode "Sapphire" randomly turns on and off the light, simulating the presence of a person in the apartment.
Sapphire Serial Color: White - $ 13.5
beige, silver, -gold - $ 14.5 
colors: white golden beige silver
Sapphire new design color: white - $ 13.5
Sapphire Design "Makel", series "Mimosa" color: white - $ 14.5 
Sapphire DESIGN "VIKO" SERIES "CARMEN" color: white - $ 14.5, beige - $ 15.5 
Appointment
Remote control lighting with any remote control
Extending lamp life by 5-7 times
Stepless brightness control
Imitation of your presence in an empty apartment
Smooth lighting on, extending lamp life
Auto turn off lighting after 12 hours
Dignity
Convenience and ease of control of lighting from a distance
Choosing the lighting level according to your mood and circumstances
Security of the apartment in your absence
Save energy, extend lamp life
Affordable price at high level quality, design and comfort
Scope: apartment, cottage, house, cottage, office, hotel, etc.
Specifications
Mains voltage 220 V, 50 Hz
Load power 40 - 400 W
Load Type Incandescent
Halogen lamps 220 V
Operating temperature range 0 ° C ... + 40 ° C
Flash-presentation of REMOTE SWITCH-REGULATOR "SAPPHIRE" at the link:
A dimmer from a conventional switch is real.
If you have already installed a switch that suits you in design, color, etc., you can give it the function of a dimmer by installing one of the dimmer units AGAT -K, -S, -D (Push-button, touch or remote at your choice).
Agat-D, unlike Sapphire, does not have the function of imitating the presence of a person in an apartment, but also, like Sapphire, controls any remote control.
When reading, dining or relaxing, the lighting level should be appropriate for each of these activities.
Dimmers (dimmers) "Agat" allow you to set the required this moment lighting level. They are ideal for bedrooms, where bright light is practically not needed, and for children, if your little one does not want to fall asleep in the dark.
The lighting level when turned off is remembered, and therefore the light turned on at night will not disturb your loved ones.
"Agate" smoothly switches the light on and off, so that your eyes have time to adapt to changing lighting conditions.
The dimmer "Agat" is designed to switch on, off, smoothly adjust the brightness of lighting and extend the life of the lamps. The dimmer is designed for joint operation with incandescent and 220 V halogen lamps.
When choosing a dimmer "Agat", pay attention to the fact that the power of the load connected to the dimmer should be no more than the one indicated on it.
Installation diagram (for example, Agat 200):
Experienced residents know perfectly well how to use such a device, but newcomers ask many questions about the operation of the intercom. This article will help the owners to understand the new device for them. In it you can find answers to some of the most frequently asked questions by users about the operation of this machine.
What is an intercom
First, you need to briefly introduce the essence of the matter and explain to those who do not know what kind of miracle device it is - an intercom.
Intercom systems are used on entrance doors and the gate. They allow the owner of the dwelling to personally control the access of persons to his home. Usually, such devices can be found most often on. They are equipped with intercoms that work with multiple subscribers.
The intercom allows you to secure the apartment and the entrance from unwanted persons, and bad companies and this allows you to keep flights of stairs clean and tidy. And products equipped with a video camera allow each visitor to be captured, which, in the event of a robbery in the house, will help to establish the identity of the thief.
Working principle and constituent elements
This device consists of several main parts and mechanisms. The elements that carry out the main work of this system are:
- external calling panel;
- signal switch;
- inner panel tubes;
- electromagnetic lock;
- exit button.
All these parts of the system are interconnected and work in the same way. The external panel provides communication with subscribers and allows access to the door locked with an electromagnetic lock. In turn, the tubes of the internal ones help to monitor the course of events at the external panel through the built-in camera and to carry out remote access of persons.
How to use this unit
Intercoms in the homes of residents of our country have appeared for a long time. Someone deals with this device every day, so they know all its flaws and quality. And those who have not had to work with this device may get stuck, not knowing how to use the intercom.
First of all, the simplest question is: how can a visitor contact the landlord?
Having come to visit, a person will one day encounter such an action for the first time in his life. If the house is private, then it is most likely, almost 99%, that there is one single button on the door station. After pressing this button, a signal is transmitted to the house, accompanied by an audible warning from the system that a call is in progress. The owner, upon hearing a sound similar to a telephone call, must answer the call on the indoor panel handset. Having previously familiarized himself with the guest through the speakers and microphones built into the composite panels of the system, the host can unlock the visitor by pressing a special button on the remote control of the internal panel. Usually this button has a picture in the form padlock.
Voice contact can be made between the outer panel and the handset If the guest has visited a friend who lives in an apartment building, then you need to know the apartment number, dial his number on the special numeric keypad of the external call panel and press the call button. Next steps the same as in the first case.
How can a tenant get access to the entrance?
Everything is clear with the guests: you warn them in advance about the apartment number, they come, call the apartment and get access to the house.
And how to get into the entrance, bypassing the electronic lock? Intercom systems are equipped with a tablet-shaped reader for special keys. The key is applied to this niche, the microcontroller reads the cipher from the key, verifies it with the base in its system and, if there is a match, gives access to the house.
The electromagnetic lock can be opened with a key reader or by entering a pin code For some reason, the landlord does not have a key. He moved into the house recently, when he was bought, he was given one copy of the key, and he lost that one. In this case, you can, of course, call your neighbors a couple of times and ask them to open the door. But this is not worth doing, the constant anxiety of neighbors will not lead to good. To open an electromagnetic lock, you can enter an electronic code consisting of a combination of numbers, usually four characters. This code can be obtained from neighbors or from the installer. To do this, you will need to present a residence permit.
Does the intercom work and how not to miss a call?
Many novice users of this device ask how to understand that the intercom is turned on. The hostess is waiting for a guest or doctors and does not know if her intercom is working. How, in this case, not to ignore the arrival of visitors and not make them wait, just because the intercom was turned off? Many intercoms are equipped with a button for switching the state of the intercom operation, but no clear reason do not have the usual "on" signatures and "off", and are equipped with other marks - "stick" and "circle". So, when the intercom is turned on: in the position of the wand or the circle? You should immediately dot all the points over I. Yes, you understood correctly, the wand is the English-speaking I, and the circle is O. These are abbreviations from English words IN and OUT, analogs of Russian ON. and OFF. Therefore, with a stick, the intercom works, with a circle, it is turned off.
Some models do not have signatures on the handset on / off button How to get out of the entrance?
It often happens that you go down the stairs to the entrance to the entrance, and it is so dark there that a person who does not know how to open the door from the inside may get confused. To open an electromagnetic or electromechanical lock inside the room, a special button is installed at the level of the external panel, at a height of 1.3-1.4 meters. When you press it, a beep sounds and the lock is unlocked.
It is difficult to find a way out in the dark, the illuminated exit button will help with this. Important! The exit button is round, it is illuminated along the contour, but due to the fact that abrupt transition from a light room to a dark one does not allow the human eyes to see the color, it seems that there is no button.
I didn’t pay for the intercom, it was turned off, how do I connect the device myself?
Utilities can disconnect a specific apartment from common system if the tenant doesn't pay the bills. It happens that tenants who regularly paid utility bills are subjected to such actions by utilities.
You can disconnect a tenant in various ways:
- make it impossible to call a certain apartment;
- remove the key cipher from the database;
- disconnect the tube from the system mechanically.
Often the subscriber is deprived of the opportunity to use the device in the first two ways. This is achieved by introducing certain combinations in the software environment on the external panel.
So, if the key does not work, the apartment is not called, the bills are all paid, and there is no response from the relevant authorities to requests to restore the system, then you can resort to independent actions.
Let's consider an example for one of the most popular systems - Vizit. If public Utilities removed the ability to call your apartment, you need to do the following.
At the entrance there is a switchboard for the system, you need to open it and get to the board in the block. It has a special jumper that is responsible for the state of the system mode. From the working state (work) it must be switched to the programming mode (PRG). After that, you should go to the calling panel and enter the required combination of numbers. The entry process will be accompanied by sound signals.
The programming environment on the Vizit device - # 999. The intercom will beep twice, the display will show “1-2”.
- It is necessary to enter the installation environment, for this press 1. One beep, display state: "P_SE".
- Among all the possibilities of installations under the number 8, the service of turning on and off the call to the apartment. Accompanied by a single beep, “A__” appears on the display.
- Next, the apartment number is entered. The number of characters is from 1 to 3. If the apartment number is one-digit or two-digit, then after the number you need to enter #, if it is three-digit, the hash is omitted.
- 1 - turn on the call to the apartment, this will be displayed on the display with the ON value and the system double beep.
- * - saves and exits the installation environment.
You can check the progress of the call to the apartment.
If the key does not work, but should be in good condition, then, most likely, it was removed from the system database. To return the key to the base, you must also switch the system to the programming mode with a jumper on the board. Enter the following combination on the panel, which will also be accompanied by sound signals.
# 999 (double beep) 1 (single beep) 3 (more beep) APARTMENT NUMBER #
Attention! If the apartment number is three-digit, then there is no need to enter a lattice at the end.
This combination prepares the system for recording the key cipher in order to enter it into memory. If after entering this combination on the display appears the inscription FULL, accompanied by four beeps, then the memory is full and the key cannot be written. If, after entering the apartment number, a single beep sounded, then the system is ready to remember the key.
It is best to have several additional keys in case of loss or disconnection from the base The key must be attached to the reader. If a double beep sounds and YES appears, the key has been written successfully. If there are several keys, then they can be applied one after the other. The main thing is to save all actions at the end by introducing *.
Learning to use the intercom, learning new things is not so difficult. Do not be afraid and think that this device can only bring inconvenience, in fact, you need to understand that it makes life much easier and adds safety to all residents.
As you can see, the switch is placed in the break of the phase wire going to the luminaire. So in a socket box with electrical wiring under a one-button switch, there are two wires.
The first, let's call it "A", goes to the switch from the electrical panel and always energized.
The second, let's call it "B", goes from the switch to the luminaire.
When you press the switch button - the conductors "A" and "B" are connected, the voltage goes unhindered to the lamp and the lamps in it light up. Accordingly, when the key is released, the contact is broken and the light goes out.
Now, if you recall the basic designations in electrics that we considered (there are not so many of them, I advise you to read it for the future), it becomes clear what the “L” marking on the switch contact means.
The designation "L", on the switch, indicates the contact for connecting the phase conductor. The same wire "A" in our circuit, which comes from the electrical panel and is always energized.
It is quite simple to determine which of the wires in the socket must be placed in terminal L of the light switch - just check, for example, with an indicator screwdriver, which of the conductors has voltage - that will be the desired phase wire "A".
In the remaining, free, contact of the one-key switch, which can be marked in different ways: L1, L`, with an arrow, “1”, or not at all, wire “B” from our circuit is connected, which goes directly to the switch.
You can familiarize yourself with a rather detailed description of how to properly connect a one-button switch, with a description of not only its contacts and the procedure for connecting wires, but the entire installation process.
If, when examining the terminals of the light switch, in addition to the designation L and L1, you also encountered contacts with some markings, then most likely you are dealing with a two- or three-key switch.
When defining the assignment of contacts, for example, a two-button switch, the same logic works, let's take a look at its diagram.
When connecting a two-rocker switch, three wires are used, which are available when mounted in a flush-mounted box, these are:
"A" is the phase wire coming from the electrical panel and is always energized. Connected to terminal L of the two-rocker switch.
"B" - a conductor going to the first lamp, or turning on the first mode of the chandelier operation. It is connected to terminal L1, L` or just "1" of the light switch.
"C" - the wire going to the second lamp or turning on the second operating mode of the same chandelier. It is connected to terminal L2, L,, or just "2" of the light switch.
I think now general principle the marking of all light switches is clear to you. More details on how to connect a two-button switch, which and where wires should be connected, are described.
Contact L - this is always the place to connect the phase wire .
The rest of the contacts (L1, L2, L3), most often numbered in order, refer to the corresponding keys of the switch, pressing of which will light the lamp connected to the terminal of this key.
Determine which of the wires is responsible for turning on which of the lamps, without special equipment, pretty hard. Therefore, usually their connection is revealed experimentally.
By alternately connecting the free conductors to the phase wire in the socket box, you will be able to notice which lamps are lit. In other words, you can connect the switch arbitrarily (except for the “L” terminal) and, if the keys are reversed, simply swap the wires in the L2 and L3 terminals, if the switch is two-key.
If there are three or four contacts for connection, and the light switch is one-key, or there are six contacts, and the switch is two-key, then you are most likely holding one of the types of switches in your hands.
Loop-through switch connection diagram- you can see three contacts for connecting wires at a one-key device. Two-rocker switch- six terminals for connecting wires.
Cross switch connection diagram- four contacts for connecting wires for a one-key model -.
Still have questions? - Write in the comments to the article, I will try to answer and help as quickly as possible. Besides, I will be glad to any additions, amendments, criticism, etc.
Reading alphanumeric designations of electrical circuit elements
On all types of circuits, any element - a resistor, a contactor coil, a measuring device, etc., has an alphanumeric designation.
This designation consists of one or two letters and numbers. Letter (s) designate-
yut code of this element, and numbers (digits) - serial number of this element in the given diagram.
For example, the alphanumeric designation KT2 means the following: KT is a time relay, 2 is the second in order in this diagram.
In the case of the image on the diagram component parts elements of electrical circuits
after the main digital designation, an additional one is put through a dot, I denote
the serial number of this component.
In this case, the decoding of the designations of numbers and letters is performed in the reverse order, i.e. alphabetic characters and numbers are read from right to left.
For example, the alphanumeric designation KM5.4 means the following: KM is the coil of the electromagnetic contactor, the serial number of the contactor in the circuit is 5, the serial number of the contact of the contactor in the circuit is 4.
This designation is read as follows: the fourth contact of the fifth electro
magnetic contactor.
Rice. one. Plus, positive polarity . To indicate positive polarity connectors that connect to a DC source
Rice. 2. Minus, negative polarity... To indicate connectors, negative
positive polarity, connecting a DC source
Rice. 3. Constant current. To indicate the connectors connecting the device-
ru to a direct current source, as well as to indicate that the equipment operates only on direct current
Rice. 4. Alternating current. To indicate the connectors connecting the device
ru to an alternating current source, as well as to indicate that the equipment operates only on alternating current
Rice. 5. AC to DC converter. To indicate pre-
AC to DC generator and corresponding connectors
Rice. 6. DC to AC converter. To indicate pre-
DC to AC driver and corresponding connectors
Rice. 7. Body, chassis. To indicate connectors attached to a chassis or chassis
Rice. eight. Grounding, weight. For marking grounding connectors
Rice. 9. Grounding, protective... To designate grounding connectors, I create
protecting against defeat electric shock
Rice. 10. Class II device... To designate equipment corresponding to
safety requirements specified for class II equipment (protection
Rice. eleven. Fuse. To identify and place fuse boxes
Rice. 12. Signal lamp. To indicate the switch with which
turn on and off the warning light
Rice. thirteen. Lighting lamp, backlight... To indicate switches, control
light source
Rice. 14. Included. To indicate the inclusion of the network, network switches or their position corresponding to the inclusion of the network
Rice. 15. Turned off. To indicate a mains shutdown, mains switches or their position corresponding to mains shutdown
Rice. sixteen. On / off, push-button switch with two fixed
bathroom regulations... To indicate a switch that turns on or off
network. Each switch position is fixed.
Rice. 17. Ready to turn on, standby mode... To indicate the switch-off
body (or its position), with the help of which part of the equipment is brought into
“ready to switch on”. On ships, the standby mode is called "stand-by"
Rice. eighteen. Foot switch, pedal... To designate connectors to which
eyebolt connects footswitch
Rice. nineteen. Program channel selector... To indicate the switches that control channel selection, program
Rice. twenty. Start, start, actuation. To indicate the start, start, actuation switches
Rice. 21. Quick start. To indicate a switch or control element
the point by which the operating speed (normal mode) is reached without the
due to the delay
Rice. 22. Stopping, blocking. To indicate a switch by means of which movement, for example, the movement of the belt is stopped
Rice. 23. Quick stop, stop... To indicate the regulating elements by means of which the process, programs, the course of the belt stops without significant delay
Rice. 24. Pause, break... To indicate a switch whose action is overridden
displacement (e.g. belt) is interrupted by the brake system and shutdown
Rice. 25. Effect or action towards the origin, normal mode... To indicate the switches of an effect or action towards an action
an imaginary or imaginary starting point, sign, mark, for example, the simultaneous reduction of several parameters of the equipment to pre-selected values
Rice. 26. Automatic control... To indicate the switch (or its position) by means of which the equipment is brought into automatic control mode
Rice. 27. Manual control... To indicate the switch (or its position) by means of which the equipment is brought into manual control mode
Rice. 28. Remote control... To indicate a switch (or its position
Rice. 29. Regulation. To designate the element to be regulated, setting the corresponding value of the quantity. The value of the quantity increases with the height of the figure.
Rice. thirty. Treble control... To indicate the regulating
high-frequency elements
Rice. 31. Bass control... To indicate the regulating
elements of low sound frequencies
Rice. 32. Music. To indicate the music position of the speech / music switch
Rice. 33. Sound. To indicate switches, controls and connectors related to audio information
Rice. 34. Balance. To indicate adjustment of the stereo channel balance
Rice. 35. Synchronization. To identify connectors, switches and controls
control elements designed to control equipment operating synchronous
but for example connecting a cinema projector sync
Rice. 36. High pass filter (pass)... To indicate the filter high
their frequencies, as well as associated switches and control elements
Rice. 37. Filter (transmission) low frequencies ... To indicate the low-pass filter and associated switches and controls
Rice. 38. Band-stop filter, notch filter... For marking stripes
but-suppression filter, as well as associated switches and control elements
Rice. 39. Mid-pass filter, band pass... To denote a bandpass filter
ra and associated switches and controls
Rice. 40. Tuner, radio receiver... To designate connectors, switches and regulating elements of a radio receiver, tuner
Rice. 41 ... Entrance. To indicate input connectors when a distinction between inputs and outputs is required
Rice. 42. Exit. To mark the output connectors when a diffusion is required
between inputs and outputs
Rice. 43. Loudness. To identify switches and control elements
cops to compensate for the physiological hearing curve
Rice. 44. Amplifier.
elements of the amplifier. To indicate an amplifier enclosed in a protective case
Rice. 45. Clock, time relay... For marking switches and regulating elements in clocks, time relays, timers
Rice. 46. Monaural, mono... To indicate monaural playback
denying (recording) sound. To indicate the mono position on the mono /
stereo". Also used on phonograph labels
Rice. 47. Stereophonic... To indicate stereo playback (recording) of sound. To indicate stereo position on mono / stereo switches. Also used on phonograph labels
Rice. 48. Record player. To indicate connectors, switches and control
elements intended for the tape recorder
Rice. 49. Stereo tape recorder... To indicate connectors, re-
switches and regulating elements designed for stereophonic magneto
Rice. 50. Headphones... To identify connectors, switches and controls for headphones
Rice. 51. Stereo headphones... To identify connectors, switches, and controls for stereo headphones -
iCal phones
Rice. 52. Headphones with a microphone. To indicate connectors,
switches and adjusting elements designed for headphones with mic
Rice. 53. Microphone... To indicate connectors, switches and control
elements for microphones
Rice. 54. Stereo microphone... To designate connectors, switch
controls and controls for stereo microphones
Rice. 55. Earphone. To indicate connectors, switches and control
parts for the earphone
Rice. 56. Speaker. To identify connectors, switches and controls for a loudspeaker
Rice. 57. Recording (registration) on a data carrier... To denote a pen
the switch of its position, in which the equipment is turned on for recording
Rice. 58. Reproduction of a recording from a storage medium. To denote re-
the switch or its position, in which the equipment is switched on for reproduction from the information carrier
Rice. 59. Erasing a recording from a storage medium... To indicate a switch
for or its position in which the information recorded on the media is erased
Rice. 60. Controlling input data while recording or registering on a media
body of information. To designate a regulating element by means of which the input data is monitored during recording or registration
Rice. 61. Control of input data after recording or registering them on the media
body of information. To designate a regulating element by means of which the input data is monitored after their recording or registration
Rice. 62. Controlling the input data while it is being played. For identifying
the control element, through which the control of the input
data during playback
Rice. 63. Record lock... To designate a control element, a blocking
circuit designed to prevent accidental playback of the recording.
Rice. 64. Marker (marker)... To designate a control element, using
which mark (for example, signal, perforation, special code) can be
registered on the data carrier
Rice. 65. Media clipping. To designate the control element of the system,
cut, for example, in devices for copying and editing paper, magnetic, perforated
wired tape
Rice. 66. Direct and alternating current... To mark connectors, connect
equipment to a source of direct or alternating current, as well as to indicate
that the equipment operates on direct and alternating current
Rice. 67. Quartz. To indicate the controls for quartz resonators
Rice. 68. On / off, push-button switch with one fixed
bathroom situation... To indicate a switch that turns on or off
go network. Off position is fixed, position "On" carried out only when the switch is pressed
Rice. 69. Call. To indicate the switch that controls the bell
Rice. 70. Beep. To indicate the switch that controls beeps, the beep sounds
alarms
Rice. 71. Fan... To indicate the switch that controls the fan
Rice. 72. Silent grounding... To mark the grounding connectors, both
sintering minimum equipment noise from grounding
Rice. 73 ... Equipotentiality... To designate connections designed to bring several equipment nodes to a single potential
Rice. 74. Rectifier (no type indication). To designate connectors and control elements associated with rectifier devices
Rice. 75. Transformer... To indicate connectors, switches and controls
control elements designed to control power transformers
Rice. 76. Moving in one direction
the copy, as a result of which the object moves in the specified direction
Rice. 77. Movement in two directions... To designate a regulating element
ment, as a result of which the object moves in two indicated directions
Rice. 78. Traffic limited in two directions... To designate elements
the one, as a result of which the object moves in two directions in a certain
confined limits
Rice. 79. Starting point action... To indicate a regulating element,
through which the object (effect) moves from the original (real or imaginary) point
Rice. 80. Action towards the starting point. To denote the regulation
the element through which the object (effect) moves to the original (real or imaginary) point
Rice. 81 ... Action in two directions from the starting point. To denote regu
the leading element through which the object (effect) moves from the original (real or imaginary) point
Rice. 82. Sequential action from the starting point and back... For designation
the control element, through which the subsequent displacement occurs
moving an object (effect) from an initial point (real or imaginary) and back
Rice. 83. Simultaneous action from the starting point and back... For designation
the control element, through which there is a simultaneous change
moving the object (effect) from the starting point and back
Rice. 84. Setting the minimum... To indicate a regulating element, in the middle
by which the minimum value of the quantity is set, for example, the balance of the bridge circuit, the minimum deviation measuring instrument, indicator, etc.
Rice. 85. Setting the maximum. To designate a regulating element,
by means of which the maximum value of the quantity is set, for example, by
construction, maximum deviation of a measuring device, indicator, etc.
Rice. 86. Notch resonant filter (wave trap). For designation
of the regulating element that controls the notch resonant filter
Rice. 87. Band-stop filter with variable stop band
(bandwidth). To designate a regulating element that controls the
variable passband rejection filter
Rice. 88. Variable bandpass filter average frequency. To indicate a control element that controls a bandpass filter with a variable center frequency
Rice. 89. Bandpass filter with variable bandwidth (selective adjustment). To indicate a control element that controls a variable bandwidth bandpass filter
This post will describe Short story some of the computer symbols that most of us see every day. The origin of some of them may already be familiar to you, the origin of the rest is unlikely. In any case, who is interested in knowing what the ⌘ symbol means, how the bluetooth symbol is associated with runes and where the @ symbol came from - welcome under cat.
Power
This symbol can be found on a huge number of devices. During World War II, a binary system was used to represent the power buttons: a one (1) meant “on,” and a zero (0) meant off.
Initially, a broken zero with a one in the middle denoted an incomplete switch on and was used to denote a standby mode - this value was assigned to it in 1973. However, later it was decided that such a meaning could confuse users, and assigned it the meaning it has today: the on button. / off. anything.
There are several varieties of the symbol: on, off, on. on / off, incomplete on / off. (also used for normal on / off)
At one time, "sleep mode" itself was a phenomenon that caused misunderstanding among the consumer. The thought that the device could be turned on and off at the same time was hard to digest in the minds of people. However, the innovation stuck, and an icon in the shape of a crescent moon was proposed for it by the same Institute of Electronics and Electrical Engineers.
The appearance is not surprising: it fully describes the process for which it is responsible. At least such a standard is accepted in the USA and Europe, while in Japan you can find the image of “Zzzz” (note: this is how the sound allegedly made by a sleeping person is denoted in comics).
This symbol was brought to IT by Apple - and precisely because Steve Jobs himself decided to reduce the number of apple symbols on his company's products. At some point, Apple developers came up with a good and simple idea: to make a multitasking button on the keyboard that, pressed together with some other key, would call a menu command. This would allow users to save time and issue commands directly from the keyboard.
Initially, the button was denoted by the same logo that adorns all Apple products: a half-eaten apple. However, Jobs immediately hated the symbol, shouting, “There are too many apples on the screen! This is ridiculous!". And the developers rushed to redesign the new button.
It was completed by the artist Susan Kare. Moreover, the icon used for the Command button is not its personal design. Care discovered it in the dictionary of international symbols and signs, where it had a lot of the most diverse and sometimes completely unexpected meanings.
So, this sign denotes the loop of infinity, in Unicode and in the form of a car sign this symbol denotes a place of interest sign, in some systems it is called the loop of the Gorgon, and in Sweden and others scandinavian countries this symbol indicates a campground.
Bluetooth
In the 10th century, Denmark was ruled by a king like Harald Blatand (Harald I Bluetooth), who united the conflicting Danish tribes into a single kingdom. The point is that Bluetooth does the same thing with communication protocols, uniting them into one universal standard. Most likely, this king received the nickname for his dark front tooth.
The first bluetooth was similar to a tooth and had blue color- in fact, this is reflected in the name, Bluetooth (from the English blue - "blue" and tooth - respectively, "tooth"). This caused an association with Harald in the head of one of the developers, and they decided to make the icon from a combination of signs that indicated the initial of the ancient monarch. Thus, the resulting symbol is a combination of two Nordic ("Scandinavian") runes: "Hagall" is an analogue of Latin H and "Berkanan" is Latin B.
The USB symbol is a tree-like block diagram, at the opposite ends of which there are big circle, small circle, triangle and square. Different figures emphasize that USB is a universal interface.
Initially, the prototype of the icon denoting connecting other devices to a computer using USB technology was the trident of the ancient Roman deity Neptune (or Poseidon, of your choice). Why exactly him is unknown, perhaps because it was considered one of the most powerful and all-powerful.
Play / Pause
These symbols came to the computer world from the world of audio and media players. They first appeared as symbols for operating cassette decks in the 60s. By analogy with playback, the fast forward buttons were designated as a double triangle. which could be both right- and left-handed: the direction of their tip indicates the direction of the rewind itself. Everything is simple and logical.
As for the pause sign, there is no exact data regarding the appearance. However, there are several hypotheses. The most probable of them is that the sign came to us from a musical literacy, where it is called "caesura" and means, in fact, a pause. According to another version, this is a stop sign from which the middle is cut.
This symbol has a wide variety of names. We know him by the word "dog". In France and Italy it is called "snail" (which, by the way, is the most logical name), in China - "little mouse", in Germany, without bothering, @ is called "the tail of a monkey."
The name "commercial at" takes its origin from English accounts, for example, 5 widgets @ $ 2 each = $ 10, which translates as "5 items of $ 2 each = $ 10" (English at = "by"). Since this symbol was used in business, it was placed on the keyboards of typewriters and from there migrated to the computer.
In the USSR, this sign was unknown before the advent of the computer.
One of the versions of the origin of the name “dog”: on alphanumeric monitors of personal computers of the DVK series (1980s), the “tail” of the image of this symbol drawn on the screen was very short, which made it look like a schematically drawn dog. The @ symbol was displayed every time the DCK computer was turned on, after which the user had to select a boot loader.
Also, the first Soviet users of computer networks could see this symbol on the Fidonet emblem, which depicts a dog, where the @ sign is located in the center of the muzzle and acts as a nose.
Firewire
We also owe this symbol to the developers at Apple. In 1995, a group of Apple developers - the main creators of FireWire - began to create a symbol that was supposed to accurately reflect the meaning new technology... This interface, which was originally conceived as an alternative to SCSI, was attractive for its high (at that time) speed of connection to digital audio and video equipment. Therefore, a symbol with three prongs was chosen, symbolizing video, audio and data. Initially, the sign was red, but later, for reasons unknown to anyone, the color was changed to yellow
This icon brings up some of the most bright emotions those who encounter it because it notifies about a frozen application or the entire system, in Mac OS, and has many unofficial names. From the censored: spinning pizza, hellish hypno-wheel, whirligig of death, hypnotoad, and perhaps the most famous and almost official - the abbreviation SBBOD (from the English Spinning Beach Ball Of Death, literally: “spinning beach ball of death”).
The developers themselves - by the way, again from Apple - called their invention a "rotating waiting cursor", and, according to experts, it was conceived as an alternative to the cursor with hourglass which was used in early versions of Mac OS.
It originates from the NeXTstep operating system. There he personified a rotating magneto-optical disk from which the system and other applications were very slow to load.
Ethernet
The Ethernet port symbol was created by David Hill of IBM. According to Hill, this symbol is part of a set of symbols that were intended to represent the various LAN connections that are currently available. It shows an array that is purposefully non-hierarchical and consists of computer elements or terminal elements.