Dry calluses most often form in the following places:

• feet - pads below the toes;
• the outside of the little toe on the leg;
• the outside of the big toe;
• periphery of the heels;
• palms;
• interdigital spaces of feet and hands ( more often the third and fourth interdigital space on the foot).

If a callus occurs in the background chronic diseases, then signs of chronic insufficient blood circulation are also visualized. First of all, this is a dystrophic change in nails ( their thickening and discoloration). In addition to the nails, the skin of the feet changes - it becomes dry, thin, low elasticity and cyanotic ( cyanotic) shade.

How to get rid of dry corn at home?

You can get rid of dry calluses at home using procedures based on softening rough skin and removing it. All home treatments are mild. Therefore, it will not be possible to completely remove the corn in one session. For this it is necessary to carry out a set of procedures.

The types of home treatments are:

• steaming baths;
• applications with pharmacy products;
• compresses based on folk recipes.

Steam baths

Baths can be used as the main remedy or as a preparatory procedure before applying ointments or compresses. After steaming, wipe the skin with a towel and treat it with a pumice stone or a special metal file. Next, you should apply the drug or apply a compress. If you plan to use agents with a cauterizing effect ( acid or alcohol based), a pumice stone and a file cannot be used.

There are the following rules for steaming corns:

• pour 4 - 5 liters of water into the bath container;
• add liquid soap or grated bar soap;
• the temperature of the water is selected individually so that it is hot, but does not cause severe discomfort;
• the duration of the bath is 15 - 20 minutes;
• after the bath, wipe the skin dry;
• in a circular motion pumice or file the corn;
• apply the prepared preparation.

You can increase the effectiveness of the baths with the help of additional components that should be added to the water.

Additional ingredients for the trays are:

• table or sea salt;
• baking soda;
• potassium permanganate ( potassium permanganate);
• starch;
• milk serum;
• herbal decoctions.

Table salt or sea salt
Salt baths help reduce pain and promote more effective exfoliation ( exfoliation) keratinized skin. To prepare a saline solution, add 4 tablespoons of salt to 4 liters of water. For old dry calluses, one liter of milk or 10 percent cream should be added to the water along with salt. Dairy products will increase the softening effect of the bath.

Baking soda
Soda baths have a pronounced softening effect. After such procedures, keratinized skin becomes looser and easier to remove. Soda solution is prepared from 10 teaspoons of baking soda and 4 liters soapy water... After this procedure, the feet should be treated fat cream because baking soda dries out the skin.

Potassium permanganate ( potassium permanganate)
Manganese baths are effective for not very old dry calluses. Manganese has a mild cauterizing effect, resulting in smaller corns. The concentration of the solution should be light so that the color of the water is light pink.

Starch
For cooking starch solution do not use soapy water, but clean water. To 4 liters of water, add 3-4 tablespoons of potato starch, stir until smooth. Starch softens the keratinized layers of the skin, after which they are easier to scrape off.

Milk serum
Warm up the serum before use. For 3-4 liters of clean water, one liter of dairy product is taken. Such baths soften the stratum corneum and have an antibacterial effect. In the absence of whey, it can be replaced with sour warmed milk.

Herbal decoctions
Herbal infusions can be used alone or added to trays prepared according to other recipes. Medicinal herbs have an anti-inflammatory and drying effect. To prepare the infusion, you need to pour 3 tablespoons of raw materials with 2 glasses of water. Having insisted the broth for 20 minutes, it must be filtered and combined with the solution prepared for the bath.

Herbs for foot baths are:

• chamomile;
• St. John's wort;
• calendula;
• celandine.

Applications with pharmacy products

The mechanism of action of pharmaceutical preparations is the gradual destruction of keratinized tissue. Regardless of the type of product used, it should only be applied to dry corn without affecting healthy skin. Depending on the active ingredient, all drugs on the market can be divided into several categories.

The types of remedies for the treatment of dry corns are:

• salicylic acid ointments;
• preparations based on lactic acid;
• funds from natural ingredients;
• medicines with sodium hydroxide;
• refrigerant-based creams;
• products containing phenol;
• combination drugs.

Salicylic acid ointments
As a result of the systematic use of such a remedy, salicylic acid the corn gradually burns out. The ointment is applied to the steamed dry wiped skin, fixed on top with a plaster. During the day, this procedure should be carried out twice. The maximum duration of treatment should not exceed one month.

Lactic acid preparations
The ointment should be applied to clean, previously steamed skin. Cover with wax paper or cellophane. To enhance the effect of the product, you should wear woolen socks. Lactic acid is not as aggressive as salicylic acid. It does not burn out, but softens the corneous tissue. Therefore, after applying the ointment, after 2 hours, it is necessary to remove the softened skin with a special nail file.

Products made from natural ingredients
One of the most common natural ingredients used to make anti-corns is celandine. It has a cauterizing and bactericidal effect on the treated areas. The product is applied after a bath for 10 - 15 minutes.
Another ingredient in the anti-ash agent may be urea. Urea is an organic compound, but in medical and cosmetic preparations can be replaced by an analogue that is produced synthetically. This substance effectively moisturizes and exfoliates the skin.

Other natural ingredients in anti-corns include:

• plantain;
• tea tree essential oil;
• Oak bark;
• leech extract.

Medicines with sodium hydroxide
Sodium hydroxide is a corrosive alkali and should be handled with great care. The product is applied pointwise with a special applicator. If the drug has been applied correctly, the corn should darken after a while. In this case, there should be no burning sensation. After 1 - 2 days after application, the dead tissue begins to gradually fall off. Repeat the procedure if necessary.

Refrigerant based creams
Refrigerants are substances that freeze corn. Such funds belong to relatively new pharmacological products and are called drugs for home cryotherapy (cold treatment). The most common drug is cryopharma. The product is applied to the corn using a special applicator. Immediately after application, a person may experience a slight burning or tingling sensation. Further, the skin becomes pale and a blister forms in the place of the callus. After 10-14 days, the blister deforms and falls off, leaving healthy skin underneath.

Products containing phenol
The funds are available in the form of a solution. It is necessary to treat the area of ​​the corn with the preparation and air dry. Phenol has a cauterizing effect on fabrics, causing them to dry out and fall off. If the callus has not completely disappeared, the procedure should be repeated.

Combined drugs
Such drugs include chemical and natural ingredients, as a result of which the effect of the treatment is increased.

Combined drugs for calluses are:

• Antimozolinum- the product contains lactic and salicylic acids. Of natural ingredients, the composition includes castor oil and beeswax. It is applied to dry corn after a steaming bath. Fix the ointment with wax paper and wear warm socks. After 2 - 3 hours, the softened skin must be removed.
• Bensalitin- contains salicylic and benzoic acids, petroleum jelly. Apply in the form of a compress on the corn, cover with a plaster on top. Remove after 2 hours.
• Cream "green pharmacy" against calluses- made from lactic and salicylic acids and plantain extract. Apply daily after water treatment, do not rinse.
• "Corn" - a remedy for corns and corns- the composition of the preparation includes salicylic acid, castor oil and celandine extract. Apply with patting movements until absorbed. Use twice a day for 4 days in a row.
• Butter 911- contains urea, salicylic acid, tea tree essential oil. The cream is applied locally 2 times a day. For old calluses, the keratinized skin should be treated, sealed with a plaster and left for a day.

Compresses based on folk recipes

All compresses are applied after water treatments. Application is applied to dry skin. To increase the effect of the composition, it must be fixed with wax paper or cellophane, and put on a warm sock on top.

Compress recipes for dry corns

Name	Cooking method	Application mechanism	the effect
Compress with potato peel and flaxseed	Potato peel from 5 tubers should be mixed with 2 tablespoons of flax seeds and boiled until soft. Next, you need to drain the water and crush the peel into mashed potatoes.	Apply the prepared composition to the corn area and leave for 15 - 20 minutes.	The compress softens the keratinized layers of the skin. The effectiveness of the procedure increases if it is carried out after a soda bath.
Lemon compress	For the procedure, you will need half a lemon, which must be peeled.	Fix the citrus in the area of ​​the corn. Remove the compress after 10 to 15 minutes.	The acid contained in lemon has a cauterizing effect on corn.
Aloe compress	This compress requires aloe that is more than 2 years old. You should cut off the leaf of the plant and make a longitudinal cut on it.	Apply the prepared aloe leaf to the corn. Apply a bandage and leave it on for 30 minutes.	Aloe softens and disinfects the surface of the corn.
Apple cider vinegar compress	A gruel should be prepared from one tablespoon of vinegar and the same amount of salt and soda.	The composition must be applied to the area of ​​the corn, fixed and left overnight. After removing the compress, keratinized skin should be mechanically treated with a file or pumice stone.	The components of the compress have a softening and analgesic effect. After the procedure, the stratum corneum lends itself better to exfoliation.
Onion compress	Half of the fruit should be placed in a container filled with vinegar and kept for 24 hours.	Apply the peeled onion leaves to the corn twice a day for 15 - 20 minutes.	Onion soaked in vinegar, effectively loosens the rough skin of calluses.

What kind of shoes to choose so that there are no blisters?

In order not to form corns, you must choose the right shoes.

The following main characteristics of properly selected shoes are distinguished:

• Shoes must be made of natural materials... The interior finishing of the shoe, including the insole, must also comply with this condition. This will avoid excessive sweating of your feet. The natural material will not interfere with natural heat exchange, and the skin of the legs will be able to breathe. Also, natural materials take the shape of the feet over time.
• Shoes should be appropriate for the size of the leg - it should not press, rub or squeeze the leg and, at the same time, the leg should not dangle freely in it. Correctly chosen shoes only fit the foot tightly.
• The sole of the shoe should be soft and flexible, and the toe should not deform.
• Casual shoes should have an instep support that will follow the shape of the foot and take into account its arches. If there is no instep support in the shoe, then it is recommended to buy and build it in. So, the leg will sit tight and not slip. Supporting the arch of the foot, the instep support ( or built-in insole) prevents the heel from slipping and rubbing further.
• It is advised to avoid high heels, especially when choosing casual shoes... The problem is that the high heel puts the foot on tiptoe. In this position, the load is distributed unevenly and not physiologically. The forefoot and midfoot become congested and dry calluses often appear on the pads below the toes.

It is important to take into account not only the characteristics of the shoe, but also the rule of its fitting. So, it is recommended to measure shoes in the afternoon. By this time, the legs are moderately swollen and correspond to the correct size. If you try on shoes in the morning, then it is likely that by the end of the day, the chosen shoes will rub. Also, if you choose autumn or winter shoes, then you need to measure them in tight socks or tights.

If calluses are frequent problem, it is recommended to purchase a special orthopedic shoes... You can get these shoes in specialized stores.

The following characteristics of orthopedic shoes are distinguished:

• The minimum number of seams and their absence in places of greatest friction ( lateral surfaces of the thumb and little finger, as well as in the heel area). The inner part of the shoe should be completely seamless.
• Natural and soft material. Most often used leather, suede or nubuck, which provide heat and moisture exchange.
• The instep supports are usually made in the form of a full insole, which prevents the foot from shifting and sliding.
• Lightweight, stable, yet flexible outsole. It should not be too thin to prevent impacts to the foot. Moderately high midsole and heel protects the heel from impact and maintains the arch of the foot.
• The wide heel counter covers the entire heel, thus "holding" it and preventing slipping.
• The toe is also wide and slightly rounded so as not to squeeze the toes.

Shoes must also fit their purpose. For running and walking, you need to choose jogging shoes, for everyday needs - shoes with a heel of no more than 3-4 centimeters.

Do you need to remove dry corn?

Dry callus that has developed initially does not need to be removed. If you follow the hygiene of your feet and wear the right shoes, then dry corn will disappear on its own. However, there are situations where dry corn needs to be removed.

It is necessary to remove dry corn in the following cases:

• if the corn is very painful;
• if the corn is infected;
• in the presence of core callus.

Painful callus

Typically, dry calluses are painless and not very uncomfortable. But long-term or so-called chronic calluses become very hard over time. They take the form of a cone, the tip of which is directed towards the sole. This leads to the appearance of sharp pain that occurs with each step. The development of pain is caused by irritation of sensitive nerve fibers. Such a callus requires medical attention and removal. There are several ways to remove calluses. Uncomplicated calluses are removed with a callus patch or with a pedicure machine. In more severe cases, the callus is removed with a laser.

The corn has become infected

Most often, corn infection is observed in people with diabetes mellitus ( or other diseases accompanied by vascular lesions). In this case, any crack on the callus or minor damage to it is complicated by the addition of infection. This happens because in diabetes mellitus, small vessels are affected, primarily of the lower extremities. As a result, tissue nutrition is disturbed, and trophic changes develop in them. Any, even small, scratches lead to the formation of a long non-healing wounds... Infected calluses appear swollen and bluish-red in color.

A distinctive feature of such a callus is that it does not hurt at all. This happens because people with diabetes, along with angiopathy, develop neuropathy, due to which patients do not feel pain. This leads to the fact that patients long time ignore the infected callus. She doesn't bother them and they continue to lead familiar image life. Very soon, however, the infection can spread to nearby tissues. Therefore, an infected callus or just a cracked callus must be urgently removed.

Corn on the leg

Pedunculated calluses or corns are very difficult to treat. It so happens that the core of such a callus goes very deep and only a specialist can remove it. Also, very often, core calluses grow not only in depth, but also in width. Therefore, over time, it becomes more and more difficult to remove such a corn on your own. One of the causes of corn kernels, today, is considered a virus. Therefore, if you do not remove the rod completely or leave it altogether, the callus will reappear over and over again. In some cases, the appearance of other core calluses is noted.

Thus, when a similar stub callus appears, it must be removed immediately. First of all, in order to avoid the penetration of the rod into the depths, and secondly, to prevent the appearance of new calluses. It is not always possible to remove such a corn with the help of improvised means or a patch. Most often, such calluses are removed with a laser and radio wave devices.

Exists following methods dry callus removal:

• using a laser;
• using liquid nitrogen;
• surgical excision.

Removal of dry calluses with a laser

It is one of the most popular methods for removing corns. The main advantages of this method are low invasiveness and absence of blood during the procedure. The laser beam, unlike other instruments, is very thin and therefore healthy tissue is not touched when it is used. The point of application of the laser is only the place of dry corn. Also, the process itself is absolutely painless. Uncomplicated dry calluses are removed in one session. In extreme cases, two sessions of laser therapy are required. Also a significant plus is that the recovery period after laser therapy is short and does not require special care.

Advantages laser method removal of calluses are as follows:

• the procedure takes several minutes;
• no pain;
• one session is enough;
• there is no blood during the procedure;
• after the procedure, the recovery period is minimal.

The mechanism of action of the laser beam is coagulation ( folding) proteins of the affected tissue, as a result of which the corn evaporates. Also, the laser also has a disinfecting effect, destroys microbes, which reduces the risk of relapse ( repeated manifestations pathology) to a minimum. However, like any medical intervention, this method has its own contraindications.

Contraindications to the removal of corns laser method are:

• diabetes;
• the presence of extensive wounds and ulcers.

Removal of dry corn with liquid nitrogen

Removal of dry corn with liquid nitrogen is also called cryotherapy or cryodestruction. This method is more traumatic and painful, but no less effective. The mechanism of action is spasm ( sharp narrowing) vessels and circulatory disorders in the affected area. The corn, together with the core, crystallizes and dies off. This does not happen in one day, but in several. As a rule, after applying liquid nitrogen to the wound surface, the callus disappears in 10-15 days. The main difficulty lies in this period. During these 10 to 15 days, careful care and restoration at home is required.

The procedure itself lasts only a few minutes - the contact time of corn and liquid nitrogen is 30 - 40 seconds. It is also bloodless and does not require anesthesia. Another plus is the absence of marks and scars after it has been carried out.

The disadvantages of removing dry corn with liquid nitrogen are:

• soreness of the procedure;
• long recovery period;
• long healing;
• the risk of recurrence is higher than with the laser method.

Removal of dry calluses with liquid nitrogen is contraindicated for extensive lesions or multiple calluses.

Removal of dry corn with a stalk

Dry corn with a stem can be removed in several ways. The choice of this or that method depends on the presence of a contraindication, on the extent of the callus and on the depth of the rod itself.

There are the following ways to remove a corn callus:

• laser method;
• cryodestruction method;
• removal with a corn patch;
• removal with celandine.

Laser method
This method has practically no limitations, except for concomitant diabetes mellitus. It is carried out very quickly and painlessly, therefore it can be used when there are several corns. Its essential disadvantage is its cost.

Cryodestruction method
This method uses liquid nitrogen. It is also carried out quickly, but much more traumatic. In this case, patients feel a burning and rather severe pain. Recovery period with this method it is also delayed and is about two weeks.

Removal with a corn patch
This method is used when dry calluses are fresh, shallow and not infected. If there are wounds or abrasions on the skin, and the surface itself is weeping, then the use of a plaster is prohibited.

The mechanism of action of the patch is the effect of the substances with which it is impregnated. It can be salicylic or benzoic acid; plasters with "oxygen acids" are much less common. These acids have a keratolytic effect, that is, they dissolve the superficial stratum corneum.

The patch is glued exclusively to the corn, while avoiding healthy areas of the skin. After sticking the patch, it is left for one, maximum two days. Then it is removed, and the softened corn is tried to be removed mechanically. It so happens that the corn cap is removed, but the leg remains inside. Then it is recommended to resort to repeated application of the patch. A new plaster is glued to the resulting recess for a day. After that, the plaster is removed, and the place of the rod is treated with iodine solution.

Before applying the patch, it is recommended to place the foot on which the callus is located in a salt bath. After that, the leg is well wiped dry with a towel, and a plaster is applied to the corn gently, without touching healthy skin.

Removal with celandine
To remove calluses, celandine is best bought at a pharmacy. It is sold in small containers with a special applicator, which makes it easier to use. Immediately before application, you need to make a foot bath to soften the corn. After that, a baby ( or whatever, but bold) cream. Then a drop of celandine is applied directly to the defect, while avoiding that it gets on healthy tissue. Rubbing celandine into the corn is not allowed. The procedure is repeated for several days in a row, for 5 - 7 days.

When should you see a doctor for a corn removal?

It is necessary to consult a doctor to remove the callus in cases where it was not possible to get rid of it on your own. Difficulties with home treatment arise with some specific types of corns. Medical assistance is also needed in cases where cracks form on the surface of the corn.

A doctor should be consulted in the following situations:

• old dry calluses;
• frequent calluses;
• corns with a stem;
• corns with cracks.

Aged dry calluses

In some cases, calluses are located in hard-to-reach places, which makes it difficult to remove them on their own. Especially difficult to treat at home are callous formations, the localization zone of which is the interdigital space on the feet. This location limits the choice of remedies that can be used to eliminate them. Over time, the area of ​​keratinized skin grows, which causes great discomfort to a person. Qualified medical help will help to get rid of such calluses.

Common calluses

Dry calluses can act as symptoms of various diseases. Therefore, if, soon after removal, the corn formed again and at the same time there are no external factors that could cause its appearance, you should consult a doctor.

Calluses can be signs of the following pathologies:

• joint diseases - corpus callosum along the edges of the heels;
• diseases of the spine - calluses along the outer edge of the feet;
• intestinal dysfunction - keratinization of the skin begins at the heel and continues to the inner part of the sole;
• liver problems - a callus under the little toe of the right foot;
• heart disease - the formation of a callus under the left little toe;
• nervous exhaustion - a large callus under the toes, excluding the big toe;
• dysfunction of the thyroid gland - keratinization of the skin on the big toes;

Also, frequent calluses can be the cause of vitamin A deficiency in the body.

Corns with a core

Core calluses are difficult to treat with applications, baths and others. independent methods... To completely remove the callus, remove the rod, which can go deep into the tissues. Even a small fragment of the remaining rod leads to the re-formation of the callus. Absence adequate treatment entails a large number of complications.

The consequences of corn kernels are:

• deterioration in gait;
• inflammation;
• infections.

Over time, calluses begin to put pressure on muscles, nerves, and tendons. It hurts the person while walking. To avoid the pressure, the patient begins to change gait, which leads to an uneven distribution of the load on the joints of the legs. As a result, various degenerative and inflammatory processes in the joints can develop.
Core calluses are prone to recurrent inflammation. In this case, the area around the "cap" swells and turns red, and bloody or purulent discharge begins to ooze from the notch.
A corn with a core can cause phlegmon of the foot. It is life-threatening infection, which can lead to purulent arthritis, sepsis, osteomyelitis.

Another disease that a corn with a rod can cause is erysipelas. With this infection, the patient's skin and mucous membranes are affected and various serious complications may develop. Therefore, when forming a corn with a rod, you must consult a doctor. With a timely referral to a specialist, the removal of the callus can be carried out in one session with minimal complications and a short rehabilitation period.

Cracked corns

It is not recommended to remove corns with cracks on your own. The majority of keratolytic agents used in self-treatment contain aggressive acids. Therefore, the use of such drugs is unacceptable, as they can cause severe irritation... Also, during independent medical procedures, an infection can be introduced through the cracks.

The presence of cracks in the callous formations may indicate some skin diseases. Cracks in the heel area may indicate psoriasis, dermatosis, neurodermatitis. Often, such calluses are a sign of a lack of the required amount of vitamins A and E. This phenomenon can cause dysfunction. gastrointestinal tract or endocrine system... Therefore, in the event of dry corns with cracks, it is necessary to consult a doctor.

What to do if dry corn cracked?

If the dry corn has cracked, then, first of all, it is necessary to treat the resulting wound in order to prevent the development of infection.

Primary wound treatment

The wound is treated with antiseptic solutions, which are available in the home medicine cabinet. So, you can use an alcoholic solution of iodine, salicylic alcohol, or hydrogen peroxide. If blood or any pathological contents leaks from the crack, a bandage must be applied.

Foot skin care

Further treatment is reduced to a thorough treatment of the wound surface and skin care of the feet. For this, the most various means homemade and store-bought foot care products.

Cream-balm Lekkos
Quickly heals existing cracks and prevents the formation of new ones. Thanks to the extracts of St. John's wort and essential oils, it softens dry corns. In addition to the healing effect, it also has a disinfecting effect, which prevents wound infection.
The balm is applied to clean skin of the feet, gently massaging the area of ​​calluses and cracks.

Anti-cracking cream Ambulance
The cream not only heals existing calluses and cracks, but also prevents the formation of new ones. This preventive effect is due to the mycostatic activity of the cream, which means that it prevents the development of fungus. Fungus is known to be a common cause of chronic dry calluses and cracks. In addition, this agent stimulates metabolic processes, which contributes to the rapid healing of tissues.
The cream is applied daily to the entire surface of the foot, paying particular attention to the area of ​​calluses and cracks.

Dermafeet cream
As an active substance, this product contains urea, salicylic acid and squalane. This composition provides a softening, regenerating and moisturizing effect. It also has a moderate keratolytic effect ( exfoliates upper layer epidermis), thus, eliminates not only cracks, but also calluses. With regular use, the cream is able to remove even old calluses.

Ointment Radevit
This medicine especially effective when the cause of cracks is vitamin deficiency. In addition to wax and glycerin, which moisturize the skin, it contains a complex of vitamins A, E and D, which accelerates the healing process and prevents cracking. The cream is applied twice a day for a month.

Identifying the causes

In most cases, the cracks that appear indicate latent chronic diseases. Therefore, after the wound has been treated, it is necessary to see a doctor.

In order to determine the cause of calluses and cracks on them, you need to consult a podiatrist. The podiatrist deals with foot problems and is able to identify the problem at the earliest stage of its development. After the problem has been identified, the doctor of this specialization makes recommendations for treatment. This could be cleaning, medication, or advice about an underlying medical condition.

The following are the most common causes of cracks:

• improper foot care and uncomfortable shoes;
• diabetes;
• avitaminosis;
• fungal infection.

Improper care behind the skin of the feet and uncomfortable shoes
Improper foot care can result in both lack of proper hygiene and excessive hygiene. In the first case, the skin of the legs prematurely coarsens, dries and cracks. In advanced cases, an infection joins ( bacterial or fungal), which further exacerbates the situation. In the second case, excessive hygiene procedures, such as peels, remove the surface layer on the skin, leaving the feet vulnerable.

Diabetes
This pathology is not only the most common cause of corns and cracks, but also the most dangerous. In diabetes mellitus, due to developing angiopathy and neuropathy, tissues lose resistance ( resistance) and immunity. Because of this, even microscopic cracks do not heal for a long time and quickly increase in size. First of all, the feet suffer, because, being the most peripheral parts, the blood circulates in them the worst of all. Due to poor blood supply, the skin loses its protective function and quickly cracks. The main problem for people with diabetes is lack of sensitivity. At the same time, calluses and cracks become practically painless, which is why they can go unnoticed for a long time.

Avitaminosis
Vitamins A and E are the main vitamins of the skin and mucous membranes. They serve as protectors ( defenders) cell membranes, protecting them from peroxide destruction. These vitamins are vital for the repair of epithelial tissues. Even with their slightest deficiency, the skin begins to dry out, lose firmness and elasticity. Therefore, when there is a lack of these substances in the body, corns and cracks become big problem.
When this cause is eliminated, vitamins are not prescribed externally, but internally. Most often these are long-term ( month - two) courses of tableted forms of vitamins. In severe cases, they resort to injection forms ( injections) vitamins.

Fungal infection
Fungus or mycosis of the feet is also a common cause of cracks and calluses. However, it is accompanied by symptoms such as itching, increased desquamation and excessive dryness of the feet. Treatment of a fungal infection consists not only in the appointment of a specific treatment ( namely antifungal drugs), but also in careful foot hygiene. The fungus of the feet is dangerous because it is very contagious, as well as the fact that others can join against it. various infections.

How to get rid of dry calluses on the feet?

To get rid of dry calluses on the feet, it is necessary to destroy and remove the keratinized layers of the skin. There are several ways to treat dry calluses, the choice of which depends on the type of formations and their size.

Methods for getting rid of calluses are:

• the use of special plasters;
• the use of keratolytic agents;
• cosmetic removal;
• surgery.

Using special plasters
The use of corn plasters is indicated for moderate keratinization of the skin. A patch is a piece of glue-based material that has been impregnated with antiseptic agents. Most often, salicylic acid acts as an antiseptic, which promotes exfoliation ( exfoliation) skin. The patch may also contain oils to soften and more effectively exfoliate dry skin.
Superimpose it medicine it is necessary on the area of ​​dry calluses, since the components of the patch can cause irritation on healthy skin. Before applying the patch, the skin must be washed and wiped dry. If you steam the corn first, the effect of using this tool increases. The duration of treatment depends on the size and depth of the callus and can vary from 2 to 3 days to 2 weeks.

The use of keratolytic drugs
Keratolytic drugs are used to treat dry calluses on the feet. The principle of action of such funds is based on softening and rejection of the stratum corneum of the epidermis. These medicines are most often available in the form of creams or gels. The composition of the products includes acids that corrode corn and natural ingredients with a softening effect. The drug should be applied to the area of ​​the corn without affecting healthy skin.

Keratolytic agents are:

• Nemosol- contains salicylic and glycolic acids, lanolin and castor oil. The product softens dry corn and promotes its separation.
• Super antimozoline- the cream contains lactic acid and urea. After application, dry skin can be easily brushed off with a spatula.
• Anti-ash paste 5 days- made from petroleum jelly, salicylic acid and lanolin. Effectively loosens and exfoliates the skin.
• Green planet foot cream- made from lactic acid and a mixture of natural oils. Gently corrodes keratinized tissue.
• Corn tincture gehwol- contains salicylic and acetic acids, menthol. Promotes exfoliation of tissues and produces an analgesic effect.

Cosmetological removal
You can get rid of dry calluses on your feet in the beauty parlor. The keratinized layers of the skin are removed with a pedicure device. The specialist performing the procedure removes the corn mechanically using a rotating drill with a fine to medium grain surface. This method is effective for medium-sized calluses.

For dry calluses with a core, the drilling method is used. With a special tool, the corn is destroyed and removed from its bed. After the procedure, the resulting depression is treated with an antiseptic.

Surgery
Surgical intervention is advisable in cases where previous treatment has failed. Most often surgical techniques are used to remove calluses with a core.

Ways surgical removal calluses are:

• laser therapy;
• cryotherapy;
• electrocoagulation;
• radio wave surgery.

Cryotherapy
This type of treatment involves the treatment of the keratinized layers of the epidermis with liquid nitrogen. Under the influence of this substance, the tissues of the callus are destroyed and exfoliated from healthy skin. The therapeutic effect of nitrogen lies in its low temperature, which reaches minus 195 degrees. Under the influence of cold, a sharp spasm of blood vessels occurs, as a result of which the tissues become dead. After the end of the session, the skin of the callus turns pale and disappears after a few days. This method is the most efficient, since the procedure takes no more than 2 - 3 minutes.

Laser therapy
This type of treatment involves removing corns with a laser. The procedure is performed under local anesthesia. Keratinous tissue, depending on the type of laser used, evaporates or coagulates. The curled tissue is removed, and an antiseptic is buried in the depression. A laser therapy session takes 5 to 10 minutes. Recovery of damaged tissues after this type of therapy takes about 10 days.

Electrocoagulation
During this operation, the area of ​​dry corn is exposed to an electric current. Under the influence of heat, keratinized tissues are destroyed, forming a dry crust. Subsequently, the dry crust is rejected, leaving healthy skin underneath.

Radio wave surgery
This procedure is carried out using radio wave electromagnetic energy. The impact is carried out by a non-contact method. Radio waves cause evaporation of the keratinized layers of the skin and the corns of the corn. The method is painless and promotes rapid tissue healing.

How to treat dry calluses on your hands?

It is necessary to start treating dry calluses on the hands with the elimination of the factor that caused their appearance. You can get rid of areas of hardened skin on your own or by contacting a specialist.

Methods for treating calluses are:

• the use of traditional medicine;
• mechanical removal corns at home;
• drug therapy;
• hardware destruction of formations.

The use of traditional medicine
As a remedy for the treatment of calluses on the hands in folk medicine are used natural products that soften and loosen the skin. As a result, keratinized epidermis is easier to remove.

Traditional medicines are:

• Garlic- on the previously steamed corn, a clove of garlic is placed on top of the bandage. The application must be fixed with an adhesive plaster and left until morning.
• Propolis- attach a thin layer of propolis to the skin with a medical plaster and leave for several days. Periodically, the bandage must be removed and the dead epidermis must be cleaned off.
• Aloe- the aloe leaf cut along the length must be applied to the problem areas and wrapped with a bandage. Leave on for 24 hours, after which you should treat the corn with a pumice stone.
• Onion- Apply the onion gruel to the area of ​​the corn and fix it with a plaster. The compress is removed after 20 - 30 minutes.
• Calendula- fresh flowers should be crushed and applied in a thick layer to the corn. Fasten with a plaster and wrap your hand with a warm handkerchief. Leave the compress overnight.

Mechanical corn removal at home
Getting rid of keratinized skin on the hands at home involves a set of procedures that must be performed in a specific sequence.

The stages of corn removal are:

• steaming;
• cleaning;
• mitigation.

Steaming
To carry out this stage, you must prepare a container with warm soapy water. Next, you should place your palms in water for 15 to 20 minutes. For the skin to steam better, baking soda should be added to the soap solution, at the rate of 2 teaspoons per liter of water. If dry calluses on the hands are painful, add cooking or sea ​​salt in the amount of one tablespoon per liter of water. You can also add dairy products, essential oils, vinegar or herbal infusions to the steaming water.

Additional components can be:

• milk, cream- soften the skin;
• tea tree essential oil- has a bactericidal effect;
• Apple vinegar- improves exfoliation of the skin;
• chamomile decoction- disinfects the skin.

Cleaning
After steaming, the corn must be treated with a pumice stone. It is necessary to cleanse the skin only in the area of ​​keratinization, without affecting healthy areas. To avoid injury and gently peel off the skin, pumice should be taken small in size with small or medium pores. It is not recommended to remove dry skin with a razor as it can cut yourself or infect.

Mitigation
To soften the skin, you can use commercially made creams or natural oils. When choosing a cream, it is preferable to choose the product, the composition of which includes chamomile or calendula extract. Such a remedy not only softens the skin, but also prevents the development of infection. From vegetable oils, you can use olive or linseed oil... You can also use cocoa butter, castor oil, or coconut oil. After the procedure, it is recommended to wear cotton gloves for several hours.

Drug therapy
You can independently get rid of dry calluses on your hands with the help of pharmacy products that have a keratolytic effect. Such funds contribute to the destruction and exfoliation of the keratinized layers of the epidermis. The main composition of keratolytic agents is represented by acids ( lactic, salicylic, benzoic), so they must be applied directly to the corn. Also, such medicines may contain lanolin, petroleum jelly, essential oils and herbal extracts. Additional components are designed to soften and disinfect the skin.
Keratolytic agents are available in the form of solutions, ointments or patches. They are applied to clean, dry skin. You can increase the effectiveness of such funds if you make a steaming bath before use.

Keratolytic drugs include:

• salipod- a plaster for corns with salicylic acid;
• condilin- phenol-based solution;
• collomac- solution with lactic and salicylic acids;
• nemozol- cream with petroleum jelly and salicylic acid;
• corn- a cream based on salicylic acid and natural oils.

Hardware destruction of formations
To get rid of dead skin on your hands, you can contact a specialist in manicure and pedicure. The master uses a special device with a rotating silicon shaft to carefully cut off the corn.
Another machine that can be used to remove calluses is a laser. Used by laser therapy for the treatment of core calluses. The procedure is performed under local anesthesia. Under the influence of the laser, keratinized skin coagulates ( collapses) and retrieved. An antiseptic is instilled into the recess, and a sterile dressing is applied over the top.

What is dry corn with a core?

Corn callus is a type of callus with an axis that extends deep into the tissue. Outwardly, a callus looks like a round-shaped area of ​​rough skin that rises above healthy skin. There is a depression inside the formation, which is covered with a crust. When the crust is separated, a light-colored rod is observed, which in consistency resembles cartilage.

The places of localization of such corns are:

• heels;
• fingers;
• toes;
• pads below the fingers;
• the space between the fingers.

Dry corns may appear in pairs or singly.

Formation of core callus
The initial stage in the formation of a corn with a core is a watery bladder, which occurs due to rubbing of the skin. Also, a factor that can provoke the development of corns may be a foreign body trapped under the skin. Often the cause of this pathological formation is splinters, grains of sand, fragments. Another reason for the appearance of dry corn with a rod is a viral or fungal infection.

In the affected area, blood circulation is disturbed and the process of death and keratinization of epidermal cells increases. Gradually, a rod begins to form inside, which deepens into the tissue. The outer part of the callus becomes thicker and rougher over time. As it penetrates inside, the rod begins to put pressure on muscle tissue, nerves, tendons, as a result of which the patient experiences pain.

High-risk groups
Most often, dry corn with a rod on the feet occurs due to the pressure of the shoes. On the hands, a callous mass is formed with the frequent use of hand tools or sports equipment.

The risk group includes:

• athletes-runners;
• weightlifters;
• violinists;
• joiners.

On the foot under the toes, dry core calluses often occur in women due to wearing high-heeled shoes. With tight shoes, calluses form between the toes and on the little toes. Often, calluses with a core occur due to wearing shoes with thin soles.

Complications
With old areas of keratinized skin with a rod on the legs, the pain experienced when walking is so strong that a person's gait begins to deteriorate. This leads to an incorrect distribution of the load on the joints of the legs, which can provoke such pathological processes as arthrosis and arthritis. Dry corn kernels are prone to inflammation, which can lead to blood poisoning.

Treatment features
The presence of a rod in the structure of the formation makes it difficult to treat these calluses at home. To get rid of dry calluses of this type, it is necessary to achieve complete extraction of the rod, which is quite difficult to do on your own. Often, during treatment, only partial removal of the axis occurs, which leads to the reappearance of calluses. The most effective method for removing corns is surgery, during which the stratum corneum is destroyed by a laser or a special apparatus.

What are the medications for dry calluses?

Medicines for dry calluses come in the form of ointments, solutions, and patches. The mechanism of action of these drugs is the destruction of keratinized tissues, which is why they are called keratolytic. The main ingredient in dry callus medicines is acid or alcohol, which, when applied to healthy skin, can cause irritation or burns. Therefore, such drugs should be used carefully, treating only the area of ​​the corn. If there are wounds on the surface of the corpus callosum, the use of such funds should be discarded.


Ointments
All keratolytic ointments are applied to clean, dry skin. With old calluses, a steaming bath must be carried out before using the product.

Ointments used in the treatment of dry calluses

Name	Composition	Application	the effect
Salicylic ointment	Contains salicylic acid.	A 5% ointment should be applied to the corn and a sterile bandage applied. You need to change the application 2 times a day, each time washing the skin and renewing the layer of ointment. The course of treatment is 3 to 4 days, after which the corn should be steamed and removed. If the stratum corneum is not completely removed, the treatment should be repeated.	The ointment helps to soften the callous formation and exfoliate the dead layer from healthy skin.
Butter 911	The ointment is made on the basis of salicylic acid, urea and natural essential oils.	The product is applied to dry corn, sealed with a plaster and left for 24 hours. After removing the application, the keratinized skin must be peeled off with a file or spatula.	Urea softens dead tissue, while salicylic acid helps to flake it off. Essential oils have an anti-microbial effect and accelerate the growth of new healthy tissue cells.
Super antimozoline	The composition is represented by salicylic and lactic acid. Also, the cream contains urea, castor oil and beeswax.	The agent must be applied to the corpus callosum in a thick layer and covered with wax paper. To enhance the effect, it is recommended to wear warm socks or gloves. The compress is left for 2 hours, after which it is necessary to peel off the keratinized skin and rinse with warm water. The procedure is carried out daily until the corns disappears.	The cream softens and loosens dead epidermis, making it easier to remove.
Cornmeal	The cream contains salicylic acid, natural essential ( mint, marjoram, tea tree) oil. It also contains petroleum jelly and plant extracts.	The product is applied without preliminary steaming of the skin. It is necessary to treat the corn with cream several times a day.	The cream loosens the formation of dead skin, which contributes to its exfoliation ( exfoliation). Hard oils soften the stratum corneum, and essential oils have a bactericidal effect.
Callus doctor	Contains salicylic and benzoic acids. Also in the composition there is sulfur, petroleum jelly and paraffin.	A piece of adhesive plaster, in the center of which a hole is cut out, should be glued to the area of ​​keratinization and adjacent healthy tissues. The hole must match the parameters of the corn. Thus, healthy skin will be protected from the effects of the cream. Next, you need to apply the cream to the open area and glue it on top with another piece of plaster. Remove the application after 24 - 48 hours. If the corn cannot be removed, the procedure should be repeated.	The cream has a loosening and anti-inflammatory effect on the treated areas.
Bensalitin	The cream contains benzoic and salicylic acids, petroleum jelly.	The skin around the callus should be treated with petroleum jelly or covered with a band-aid with a cut-out hole in the center. Apply the product to the corn and leave for several hours. After removing the dressing, the skin should be rinsed and the stratum corneum scraped off. The procedure for applying the cream should be carried out until the callus disappears.	The substances that make up the product have a keratolytic ( exfoliating) and antiseptic action.

Solutions
This group of dry calluses are liquids that must be applied to problem areas and left to dry completely. Fixing dressings and patches are not used.

The types of solutions are:

• Verrukacid ( phenol, metacresol) - applied to the corn with a special applicator, which is included in the kit. Apply to dry, clean skin several times a day. In the intervals before applying the drug, it is necessary to remove the layers of keratinized skin.
• Papillek ( acetic and lemon acid, celandine) - before use, the liquid should be shaken or stirred with the applicator. Treat the corn with the product and leave to dry for 10 - 20 minutes. Protect the treated skin area from exposure to water for 10 hours. The drug is applied every other day. In the case of a successful procedure, lumbago should appear in the calluses, sometimes along with pain. Some time after application, the corn darkens and begins to peel off on its own.
• Kollomak ( salicylic and lactic acids, synthetic fatty alcohol) - the drug is applied 1 - 2 drops to the corn twice a day. You can enhance the effect of the product using a preliminary steaming bath. After 3 to 4 days of use, the callus can be removed by taking a foot bath. Collomac has a keratolytic, antimicrobial and analgesic effect.

Plasters
A dry callus patch is a tissue or silicone strip that contains salicylic acid. The acid destroys the keratinized layers of the skin. Some patches may contain additional ingredients that can help reduce pain and prevent infections. The patch must be applied to the corn area without affecting healthy skin. There are patches that come in the form of a solid tape. From them you need to cut out fragments corresponding to the parameters of the corn. Plasters are also available in compact sizes, which should be glued entirely to the problem area.

The types of patches are:

• salipod;
• compeed;
• urgo;
• cosmos;
• Enets;
• callus plaster;
• Chinese plasters against corns.

What are the ways to remove dry calluses?

There are several ways to remove dry calluses, the principle of which is the rapid destruction of keratinized skin.

Dry callus removal methods are:

• cryodestruction;
• diathermocoagulation;
• electrocoagulation;
• laser therapy;
• radio wave surgery;
• drilling with a drill.

Before carrying out any procedure, the patient must undergo an examination to determine the appropriateness of the method and the presence of contraindications.

Cryodestruction
Cryodestruction is a type of treatment in which the callus is exposed to cold. One procedure is enough to get rid of the corpus callosum. Freezing of keratinized tissues is carried out with liquid nitrogen, which is a transparent colorless liquid. The nitrogen temperature is approximately minus 195 degrees. This substance is capable of acting not only on surface areas, but also on deep tissues. Therefore, cryodestruction is successfully used in the treatment of corns with a rod.

Liquid nitrogen is applied using a special applicator and kept on the skin for 30 seconds. The whole procedure lasts no more than 2 minutes. Under the influence of cold, vascular spasm occurs in the treated area, resulting in necrosis ( tissue death). After the procedure, the corn turns white, and after a while a bubble forms in its place. After a few days, the keratinized tissues fall off on their own.
Exposure to liquid nitrogen is not carried out with extensive calluses, since necrosis of a large area of ​​skin can lead to complications.

Diathermocoagulation
This method of treating dry calluses is based on moxibustion of the formation of variables electric shock... With the help of an electrode, a current is passed through the corn, which provokes the appearance of heat in the tissues. In this case, the electrode itself does not heat up, which makes the procedure painless.
The temperature of the skin rises to 60 - 80 degrees, which leads to the coagulation of proteins in places where the current is exposed. The destroyed tissue is removed from the bed of the corn, the remaining recess is treated with an antiseptic. Moxibustion of the callus is not accompanied by bleeding, which prevents complications.

Electrocoagulation
Electrocoagulation is based on the effect on the corn with an electric high-frequency current. With the help of the current, a special instrument is heated, which removes the keratinized tissues. The procedure is performed under local anesthesia. A crust forms at the site of thermal exposure, which disappears on its own after 7 - 10 days.

Laser therapy
This type of treatment involves removing corns with a laser. If an erbium laser is used, the keratinized tissue cells evaporate. When using the carbon dioxide laser, the callus tissue is rolled up and then removed by a doctor. An antibacterial agent is buried in the formed depression to prevent infection. The small thickness of the laser beam allows you to act only on the corn, without affecting healthy tissue. The device does not come into contact with the skin and its action does not cause bleeding. This significantly reduces the likelihood of complications during laser therapy. The procedure is performed under local anesthesia. A crust forms at the site of exposure, which is rejected by the body after 1 - 2 weeks.

Radio wave surgery
With this type of treatment, dry corn is removed using a special device called a radio wave knife. At the tip of the instrument, high-frequency radio waves are concentrated, which affect the keratinized layers of the skin. Under the influence of radio wave energy, cells of the corpus callosum evaporate.

Drilling with a drill
This method of removing dry calluses involves a mechanical effect on the corpus callosum. The procedure is carried out using a drill. The specialist selects a cutter that matches the parameters of the corn and drills out the keratinized tissue. When treating corns, multiple treatments may be needed. The procedures are performed without the use of anesthesia, and the patient may feel a slight tingling sensation. An antiseptic is buried in the resulting void after removing the corn.

How to use dry callus patch?

It is necessary to use a plaster for dry calluses on dry, clean skin. The exposure time and other nuances of application depend on the brand of the patch.

The most common brands of patches are:

• salipod;
• compid ( compeed);
• urgo ( urgo).

Salipod
The plasters are a tissue strip impregnated with salicylic acid, sulfur and a number of auxiliary components. A protective cellophane strip is applied over the patch. The patches on the market are 10 centimeters wide. The length can be 2 or 6 centimeters. Together with the medical patch, the package contains a regular one, designed for better fixation of the corn adhesive.

The scheme for using salipod patch is as follows:

• wash the part of the body where the corn is located;
• wipe the skin dry and degrease with alcohol;
• cut out a fragment from the medical plaster that corresponds to the shape and size of the callus;
• remove the protective film and stick the corn patch on the affected area;
• fix on top with ordinary adhesive plaster.

You need to wear the salipod patch for 48 hours. The result of its use should be a whitened corn, which is easily separated with a pumice stone. If this did not happen, the procedure should be repeated again. With old calluses, 3-4 procedures may be needed.

Precautions are:

• you need to stick the patch only on the area of ​​the corn, without affecting healthy skin;
• do not apply the patch to the area with cuts, open wounds;
• do not use salipod during pregnancy;
• do not combine treatment with a patch with taking antidiabetic and anticancer drugs.

Compid ( compeed)
Compid are hydrocolloid plasters that are made not of fabric, but of silicone. The colloidal substances included in the plaster provide a moist environment, which contributes to more efficient destruction of keratinized tissues. This brand of callus is a small disc of salicylic acid in the form of a gel. There are two types of patches - for calluses located on the fingers, and for those that are localized between the fingers.
The plaster is glued to dry and clean skin. Before using the product, you must hold it in your hands for a few minutes in order for it to warm up. The plaster is attached as a whole; you do not need to cut out individual fragments from it. On sale kompid products are presented in several sizes, which will allow you to choose a patch that matches the parameters of the corn. It is necessary to wear the patch until it comes off by itself.

Urgo ( urgo)
The urgo patch looks like a strip, in the center of which is a foam disc. This disc contains salicylic acid and its edges protect healthy skin from irritation. Before use, the corn must be steamed and wiped dry. Remove the protective film from the patch and stick it so that the acid disc is located in the center of the corn. It is necessary to change urgo once every 24 hours. The effect comes after 3 - 4 applications.

How to use celandine in removing dry corn?

Celandine is medicinal plant, with which you can treat more than a hundred skin diseases, including dry calluses. It contains organic acids that have a keratolytic effect. If you use celandine extract, then it burns out the place of dry corn. Celandine is especially effective for corn corns, when the root goes deep into the tissue. In the treatment of dry calluses, you can use the juice of a live plant. In this case, the plant is washed and when the stem is broken, then it follows yellow color thick liquid. This liquid is gently applied to the area of ​​the callus. The most commonly used extract of celandine, which is sold in the pharmacy. It is more concentrated and therefore has a pronounced keratolytic effect.

Method of using celandine extract
Feet, first wash well with warm soapy water, and then wipe them dry. After that, a thick layer of oily cream is applied to the skin around the corn. To prevent overflow of celandine onto healthy skin, you can use a regular tissue patch. The middle is cut out of it, and the edges are left, thus making a "kind of frame" around the corn. An extract is dripped onto the corn itself and sealed on top with another plaster. The procedure is repeated daily for a week.

The use of celandine extract requires compliance with safety measures.

Safety measures for removing dry corn with celandine are as follows:

• the extract is applied strictly to the affected area;
• the product should not be allowed to spread onto healthy skin;
• the place around the corn is treated with a fat cream;
• celandine extract is not used for children, pregnant women;
• if there are several corns at the same time, then first one is removed with celandine, and then the following ones;
• if the medicine touches the healthy skin of the hands or feet, then the place is immediately washed under running water;
• after working with celandine, hands are well washed with soap and water;

If dry corn is the result of a fungal infection, then in addition, a decoction of dry leaves of celandine is used. Also powders, decoctions and fresh leaves of celandine are used.

What types of dry callus patches are there?

There are many types of corn plasters. They differ according to the intended use, the fabric used or the composition of the active ingredient.
So, most of domestic plasters are made on a tissue basis, for example, the widespread salipod plaster. More modern plasters, for example, from Dottor Ciccarelli, are made on a hydrocolloid basis. They are completely biocompatible ( have an optimal therapeutic effect without causing side effects), do not cause allergies and create additional protection for the skin.

The most important is the classification of the patches depending on the active substance. So, there are plasters containing salicylic acid, benzoic acid or "oxygen" acids.

Types of plasters depending on the active substance and their characteristics

Active substance	Mechanism of action
Salicylic acid (salipod patch)	First of all, it has powerful antiseptic properties. In the second, it has a pronounced keratolytic effect, which is manifested by exfoliation of the stratum corneum. And thirdly, salicylic acid stimulates healing processes.
Benzoic acid	Benzoic acid is an excellent solvent. It destroys fungus and other pathogens. Also, this active ingredient suppresses excess sweat secretion, which speeds up the healing process of corns.
Oxygenic acids (Patch Igiene Piede)	Active oxygen kills pathogens ( fungi, bacteria, protozoa). It also stimulates the synthesis of cellular proteins and enzymes, which speeds up the healing process.
Combinations of several substances. For example from salicylic acid and lactic acid (patch Urgo )	They have both keratolytic and wound-healing effects. Some species also have a bactericidal effect. The plasters are convenient and easy to use - they are applied without problems, withstand contact with water and are painlessly removed.

Separate types of patches include silicone patches, and the most common are Compeed patches. Such plasters look like small pads-pads of a round or rectangular shape. One of the sides is presented in the form of an adhesive surface that adheres tightly to the corn. They are impregnated with various enzymes and biologically active substances that have a healing effect. Some types may contain anesthetic agents that will relieve pain. In this case, the patches repeat the anatomical curves of the foot and toes. So, there are plasters for the little finger, thumb, for the interdigital spaces. They can be made from various materials, as well as various color shades for cosmetic masking.

Athlete's foot or athlete's foot is a common fungal infection especially common among athletes and people who frequently go barefoot to public showers. Direct exposure to mold or mildew while swimming (especially high risk of infection in places such as gyms and public swimming pools) leads to the development of fungus or athlete's foot. In addition, the fungus occurs in people with excessive sweating of the feet combined with poor hygiene. Athlete's foot usually affects the sole of the foot, fungus can also develop between the toes, and can spread to different parts of the body if left untreated.

Steps

Part 1

How to recognize common symptoms

Pay attention to the skin between 3, 4 and 5 toes. These are the most sensitive areas of the foot for fungal infection. This is due to the fact that these places are often neglected when you wipe your feet after a shower, sweat and moisture do not evaporate well between the toes, these areas are most prone to chafing due to poorly fitting shoes. If you feel itchy in these areas and see redness, you may have a fungal infection.

• The main symptoms of athlete's foot include peeling skin, itching, and a rash that leads to tingling and burning.
• In advanced cases, there is inflammation and flaking of the skin between the toes - this process is called maceration.
• The fungal infection is contagious and spreads easily through floors, towels, socks, and shoes.

1. Pay attention to dry, flaky skin on the feet and sides of the legs. As the disease progresses, the fungus will spread to the sole of the foot, where it will cause dry, flaky skin. These areas will feel rough to the touch and are more likely to itch and irritate. The area will be small at first, but soon the fungus will spread, forming jagged edges.

   Be alert if you experience pain, burning, or itching. Pain in the legs (especially cramps) is the result of heavy exertion and completely unsuitable shoes, but burning pain and severe itching that does not stop should alert you, because these are signs of a fungal infection. The fungus causes itching and burning because it "eats" into the skin of the foot and uses the surface layers of the epidermis as food. As a result, nerve endings are irritated - this leads to itching and burning pain.

   Pay attention to blisters. Calluses can occur from long walks or running, especially if your shoes are rubbed, but blisters caused by fungus are very different from calluses. They may ooze pus and other fluid and make them crisper. Blisters usually form on thick areas of the skin, which puts you at high risk of developing a bacterial infection.

   Notice the change in color and texture of your toenail. Athlete's foot fungus often spreads to toenails, making them discolored, thick and brittle. At chronic forms infections the toenails become brittle and may even fall out. This condition is called "onycholysis".

   • The fungus is difficult to separate from nail plate because it eats deep into tissues.
   • Burning and pain in the legs and nails is a common symptom if you have diabetes, so make sure your blood sugar is normal.

   Part 2

   How to confirm the diagnosis

   1. See a therapist. There is no point in wondering what happened to your leg, just make an appointment with a therapist and tell about your observations and suspicions. In some cases, a doctor can make a diagnosis just by looking at the leg. However, to confirm the diagnosis (and rule out other assumptions), the doctor may take a skin sample, add a few drops of potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution, and examine the sample under a microscope. KOH will dissolve the skin, but the fungal cells will remain intact, making it easy to detect.

      Get a referral to a specialist. A dermatologist is a doctor who studies and treats skin conditions. A dermatologist has much more experience than a therapist with regard to skin conditions (infections, rashes, and other sores). Most likely, a dermatologist will take a sample from the skin and prepare a KOH solution, examine the samples under a microscope, and announce the result within minutes rather than hours or days.

      • If the doctor does not find any signs of a fungus, the dermatologist may suggest other diseases that manifest themselves in a similar way: psoriasis, contact dermatitis, eczema, bacterial infections, gout, venous insufficiency.
      • Psoriasis can be identified by the characteristic silvery-white scales found in the folds of the joints.

   2. Make an appointment with a podiatrist. The orthopedist will examine the foot and confirm the diagnosis of a fungal infection, prescribe treatment. Plus, a podiatrist will be able to advise you on what shoes and socks to wear to prevent future fungal infections.

   Part 3

   How to deal with a fungal infection

   Use an over-the-counter anti-fungal agent. Such remedies include antifungal powders, creams, ointments that will help get rid of mycosis. Topical preparations effective for the athlete's foot include: azoles, allylamines, ciclopirox, tolnaftate and amorolfine. Medication must be taken for several weeks after the infection has cleared to prevent recurrence of the disease, because fungal spores can remain in the skin.

   1. Try home remedies. Instead of buying creams at the pharmacy, find at home white vinegar(acetic acid). Dilute the vinegar with water (75% water) to slow down the growth of the fungus. Soak the vinegar solution for 10-15 minutes twice a day until itching and dryness disappear.

      • Alternatively, you can make baths with aluminum acetate solution (Burov's solution). It can also have some effect.
      • Clorox can also be effective against fungus and other pathogens, but it can cause temporary irritation to the skin and nerves. Also, try not to inhale it, as dizziness may appear, headache and confusion.
      • Try using an aluminum salt solution (that is, a 10% solution of aluminum chloride or aluminum acetate). These agents act as antiperspirants by blocking the sweat glands. Usually, 1 part of the solution and 20 parts of water are mixed (if the doctor gives other recommendations, it is better to stick to them). The solution is applied to the soles of the feet at night.

   2. Buy antifungal medications. For more advanced cases of mycosis, antifungal tablets (Lamisil, Sporanox, Diflucan) may be needed. Strong oral medications are prescribed for people whose bodies do not respond to powders, creams, sprays, and ointments. The tablets can be taken up to one month (see instructions).

      • Before you start taking these medicines, you need to have a blood test to make sure your liver is working properly.
      • Treatment for nail fungus may be more intense, and you may need to take a course of oral medications (three to four months).
      • Taking fluconazole (Diflucan) 50 mg for 4-6 weeks may be sufficient treatment for most fungal infections.
      • An alternative is to take itraconazole (100 mg once daily for 15 days).
   • Fungal infections are most common in the feet because they usually create a warm, dark, and humid environment for fungi to grow.
   • Put an antifungal powder or spray an antifungal spray on your shoes at least once a week to reduce the risk of relapse.
   • Don't go barefoot. When walking in public places (swimming pools, gyms), wear flip-flops.
   • To prevent the infection from spreading to your hands and other parts of your body, apply ointments and creams to your feet with cotton swabs or cotton pads.

   A warning

   • A fungal infection is a contagious disease. Try not to touch other people with areas of the body that may be affected by the fungus.
   • If you notice that your leg is swollen and has red streaks (especially if you have a fever), see your doctor right away because you may have a bacterial infection.

thanks

What is dry corn?

Dry corn is an acquired skin defect that occurs with prolonged mechanical stress. Most often, such calluses are localized on the feet, but can also appear on the hands, and in rare cases, in other parts of the body. Dry calluses are a very common problem, although they usually do not pose a serious threat to human health. Most often, they cause household inconveniences and cosmetic defect.

Most people prefer to deal with calluses on their own, at home. Quite often this gives a good effect. Most corns are, in principle, temporary and may heal on their own. In only a few cases, dry calluses pose serious problems and require qualified medical attention.

What does dry corn look like?

Dry callus is a white or yellowish mass on the skin. These are rough surface layers of the skin, which are partially exfoliated and do not receive nutrients from the blood. The skin on the surface of dry corn is devoid of sensitivity, since sensitive receptors ( tactile, temperature, etc.) are located deeper.

Dry corn can be recognized by the following signs:

• appears on the skin where pressure is regularly applied ( rubs shoes, on a finger from a pen or scissors, etc.);
• may be different sizes and tends to increase over time;
• more often appears on the palms and feet, where the skin is thicker ( prone to keratinization);

• the surface of dry corn is rough to the touch;
• when pressed, pain may appear, since the root ( kernel) calluses often go deep into sensitive soft tissues;
• a small dot may appear in the center of the callus, differing in color and consistency;
• the callus itself usually protrudes above the surface of the skin.

What is the difference between dry corn and corns?

Calluses are popularly called dry calluses on the feet. This name reflects the main reason for the appearance of these calluses - prolonged walking in non comfortable shoes... Under the weight of the body, a significant load is placed on the skin of the feet, which is why a callus is formed. Thus, there is no difference between the corns and dry callus on the sole.

What is the difference between dry callus and heel spur?

Heel spur ( plantar fasciitis) is a much more serious problem than dry corn. A spur is formed by the appearance of a tubercle or a thorn on the heel bone. Typically, this spike is directed downward or backward. Such spurs are formed during prolonged heavy loads on the legs ( people walk a lot on hard surfaces, often lift weights, etc.). With a heel spur, the defect is located on the bone itself and presses for more soft tissue (plantar fascia), causing inflammation and severe pain. Dry calluses ( even deep) are located more superficially and do not give such severe symptoms. Getting rid of them is much easier.

In some cases, these diseases are combined. In the place of the heel spur, there is pressure on the skin from the inside, it rubs more against the ground or hard shoes, and a callus forms on the skin in this place.

Causes of dry callus

The main and most common cause of dry calluses is mechanical action on the skin. Most often, this is regular, strong friction, which forces the skin to adapt to new conditions. For example, when wearing shoes that are too narrow or stiff, areas appear on the foot that rest on the sidewalls. If the shoe does not take the shape of a foot over time, dry calluses appear on these places.

The mechanism of the appearance of corns is quite simple. Regular friction causes the upper layers of the skin to shift somewhat, which disrupts the nutrition of the cells, and some of them die off. As a result, the surface layer of corn is mainly composed of keratinized cells, which, in fact, are dead, but do not fall off naturally. New ones are formed under this layer. So over time, a thickening of the skin appears, which is a dry callus.

In addition to direct mechanical action, the risk of corns formation increases in the presence of the following factors:

• Metabolic disorders. With a lack of certain vitamins ( A, B2, E) the patient's skin cell regeneration worsens. The skin becomes less firm and elastic, and calluses form faster.
• Diseases of the skin. For some skin infections ( fungus, inflammation, etc.) the skin becomes more sensitive to external influences.
• Lack of personal hygiene. Taking care of your feet helps keep the skin softer. Cells regenerate better and the risk of calluses is lower.
• Age. As people age, blood circulation deteriorates and fewer nutrients are supplied to tissues. This is associated with faster processes of keratinization of the skin and the formation of corns.
• Diseases of the cardiovascular system. Many diseases of the cardiovascular system are accompanied by circulatory disorders, which are most pronounced in the lower extremities. Because of this, the skin of the feet receives less nutrients. The risk of calluses and the development of various complications increases.
• Anatomical features. For some people, the shape of the foot has individual characteristics (steeper instep, flat feet, protruding ankles or bones in the foot). In this regard, the load when walking or running is unevenly distributed. If not pick up soft shoes lying well on the leg, there is a high risk of corns.
• Obesity. Overweight people put a lot of stress on their feet. Because of this, the shoes often rub against the skin, and calluses are formed.
• Swelling of the legs. Frequent swelling of the feet leads to the fact that the shoes become small. The pressure on the skin increases, and calluses form more often.

Also, calluses in unusual places can form in connection with a person's professional activities or hobbies. For example, sewing may cause calluses on the fingers, for archers - between the fingers with which they grip the arrow.

Fungus

Fungal diseases of the feet ( less often - the skin of the hands and other areas) are a very common problem. If the infection is left untreated, the skin itself becomes rougher. The stratum corneum thickens, the nutrition of the surface layers worsens, and sensitivity decreases. In the process of development of some fungal diseases, formations similar to calluses can appear on the skin, and without external influence. In the case of nail fungus, calluses sometimes appear at the edge of the nail plate, between the fingers and in other places that are not directly affected by friction. As a rule, such calluses are not too deep, but in order to completely cure them, it is necessary to cure the fungal infection as well.

What types of dry calluses are there?

There is no single classification of corns, since with medical point there is no urgent need for this. These superficial skin defects are distinguished according to several criteria that influence the choice of treatment tactics. The location, size, or internal structure of the corn is of some importance. All these characteristics are determined by the attending physician immediately after the patient's treatment. The age of the patient is also of some importance, since metabolic processes in the skin at different ages have their own characteristics.

Where dry corn can form ( on the feet, hands, thumb, little toe, heel, palm, bone, sole, ankle, elbow, between the fingers, under the nail, etc.)?

In principle, calluses can be located almost anywhere on the skin. It depends on the conditions of exposure to the skin. However, dry callus occurs more often on the skin of the hands or feet. They are extremely rare on the back, trunk, face or neck.

The appearance of dry calluses on the skin of the feet or hands is explained as follows:

• On the palms and plantar surface of the foot, the skin is anatomically thicker. There are more layers here, and they grow more easily, forming a corn.
• The hands and feet have the main body contact with other objects. The feet take on the weight of the body, being the fulcrum. Hands, on the other hand, are usually busy with something during the day during work or at home.
• The skin of the trunk or back is different in structure. For example, from prolonged contact of the chest with the seat belt, for example, chafing, but not calluses, may appear in drivers, since the skin here is not adapted for this. Rare cases of the formation of corns on the trunk are associated with unusual professions ( long strong mechanical impact), a number of metabolic disorders or skin diseases.

Most calluses, regardless of their location, are similar in symptoms and manifestations. The tactics of treatment depends more on the size of the formation and the depth of the root of the corn, rather than on the anatomical position. Callus near the nail may have certain features, since its increase in size sometimes leads to detachment of the nail plate. However, such cases are extremely rare.

What is dry corn with a rod ( penetrating, rooted, internal)?

Core corn, unlike ordinary dry corn, has a more complex structure. It has the shape of a cone, the tip of which is directed deep into the soft tissues located under the skin. This explains the more pronounced symptoms ( severe pain up to lameness, etc.). Externally, the core corn is not very different from the usual dry corn. At the base of the cone, on the surface of the skin, there are also roughened surface layers of the skin. Occasionally, upon closer inspection, a point several millimeters in diameter can be seen in the center. This is the so-called core or root, which goes deep into the tissues. A dermatotropic virus ( damaging skin cells), but this connection has not yet been finally established.

The treatment of core calluses is more complex. Steaming or using local remedies ( ointments, plasters, etc.) only relieves symptoms, but does not eliminate the callus itself. Often, for a full recovery, patients have to resort to surgical treatment.

Chicken corn

The so-called chicken callus is a small formation that usually forms on the sole of the foot, but can also appear on other areas of the skin. Unlike ordinary dry corn, the surface of this formation is not even and dense, but looser, with black dots and exfoliation of small scales. A small depression is formed in the center, resembling a crater.

The main reason for the appearance of chicken corn is the human papillomavirus, which is carried by a significant part of the world's population. With excessive stress on the legs, excessive sweating, or frequent minor injuries, this virus can cause the appearance of a callus. In most cases, folk remedies and self-medication in general do not give a visible effect. The root of such a callus is located deep in the tissues, and surgical methods of treatment are used to completely eliminate it. It is not worth delaying treatment or a visit to the doctor, since there are known cases of malignant transformation of chicken callus.

How to distinguish dry corn from a wart?

Unlike dry calluses, warts are growths of several modified skin cells. These are not growths from layers of keratinized skin, but benign neoplasms, the appearance of which is associated with the human papillomavirus ( HPV). Outwardly, some types of warts may resemble dry calluses. Moreover, their surface is also often subject to keratinization.

You can distinguish a wart from dry corn by the following external signs:

• the size of the warts usually does not exceed 0.5 cm, and the corns are usually larger;
• dry calluses form on areas of the skin subject to mechanical stress, and in warts such a connection is not always observed;
• warts are often in small clusters, and calluses tend to be solitary.

Black corn

Most often, black callus is understood as an ordinary cornice. Because of structural changes in tissues ( tissue necrosis, circulatory disorders) the dot in the middle of the dry callus becomes dark. Somewhat less often, melanocytes, cells rich in the dark pigment melanin, grow under the stratum corneum. Such changes are possible with some metabolic disorders. If the callus has become dark or almost black, it is advisable to be examined by a surgeon. However, the treatment method in most cases does not differ from the treatment for conventional dry calluses.

Dry callus in a child

In general, calluses are somewhat less common in children than in adults, although they move much more. This is due to the peculiarities of metabolism. The skin in childhood is more plastic, since the processes of cell regeneration proceed faster. Even with prolonged rubbing, abrasions or "wet" calluses appear more often ( with a liquid content under the surface layer of the skin).

The appearance of dry calluses in a child can be associated with various diseases of the skin or metabolism. For example, with some vitamin deficiencies ( lack of vitamins in food) the skin becomes more vulnerable. Treatment of dry calluses is not particularly different at any age, however, in children, the effect of conservative methods ( plasters, ointments, etc.) above, and surgical removal is used much less frequently.

Symptoms and manifestations of dry corn

Dry calluses are very often not accompanied by any symptoms or manifestations. In many cases, painful sensations appear at the stage of callus formation, when there is fluid under the surface layer of the skin. After its resorption, when the tissues of the callus become denser, there may be no symptoms at all for some time. Only an external cosmetic defect remains. However, over time, these formations still begin to give patients some concern.

With dry calluses, the following symptoms and manifestations are possible:

• pain ( sometimes very sharp) due to the pressure of dense calluses on soft tissues and bone;
• peeling of the skin and the appearance of cracks on the surface of the corn;
• discoloration of the skin;
• an increase in corn in size;
• redness of the skin around the callus.

In the overwhelming majority of patients, the leading symptom is pain that appears when the callus is loaded ( walking with calluses on the leg, hand work with calluses on the hands, etc.). It is she who makes the patient at a certain stage seek medical help.

Why are dry corns dangerous?

By and large, dry calluses do not pose a serious threat to human health. They only create certain inconveniences and an external cosmetic defect. However, ignoring this problem for a long time can lead to a number of complications. If a patient has been trying for a long time, but unsuccessfully, to cure dry corn on his own, at home, then at some point he should still consult a doctor. In rare cases, small calluses grow larger over time and can even lead to finger amputation or other major surgery.

The following complications of dry calluses are most dangerous:

• deepening of the defect ( root formation) with damage to soft tissues;

• lameness;
• getting an infection with acute inflammation, the formation of deep ulcers and other skin defects;
• rough scarring of a skin defect.

Especially great importance should be attached to the treatment of corns in patients with serious circulatory and metabolic disorders. For example, in diabetes mellitus, common corn can lead to a specific complication called diabetic foot, which often requires radical surgical treatment ( up to foot amputation).

Cracked dry corn

Malnutrition in the dying surface layers of the skin often leads to the formation of deep cracks. The skin of the callus is devoid of elasticity and plasticity, therefore, when it has an excessive load, it simply bursts with the appearance of a serious defect. Such cracks are very painful and difficult to heal ( due to poor tissue nutrition, cell regeneration does not occur). In addition, an infection can enter the crack, leading to serious complications. Therefore, if deep cracks appear on old calluses, it is recommended to consult a doctor for qualified help.

Inflammation of the corns

Inflammation of dry calluses is one of the most dangerous complications of this disease. Most often, it is associated with the ingress of pathogenic bacteria into the thickness of the damaged skin. By themselves, dead skin cells ( on the surface of the corn) are potential food for microbes, but inflammatory process does not develop, since there are no cells in dead tissues that are responsible for starting this process. Acute inflammation occurs when microbes penetrate deeper, closer to living tissues.

In the case of infectious inflammation, the patient may experience the following symptoms:

• pain in the area of ​​the callus, not only during exercise, but also at rest;
• general weakness and malaise;
• increased body temperature;
• redness of the skin around the callus;
• leakage of pus ( in case of formation of an abscess).

Infection in the tissue with dry calluses requires medical attention. In many cases, surgical treatment may be required to avoid more serious problems (spread of infection).

Means for the treatment of dry calluses

In the vast majority of cases, dry callus treatment begins at home. Many patients do not go to the doctor at first and actively use folk remedies... Quite often, these methods are effective, the callus disappears completely, or the pain disappears - the main manifestation of the disease.

If the independent fight against calluses has not been successful, it is better to consult a doctor to choose more effective means and methods of treatment.

Which doctor should I contact for dry calluses?

Dry calluses in many cases do not require medical attention. If this mass is not painful and is not a noticeable cosmetic defect, most people choose to ignore it. However, at a certain stage ( with visible symptoms or complications) the patient still seeks a doctor for qualified help.

The following specialists are most often involved in the treatment of corns:

• Dermatologist. Since a callus is a skin growth, a dermatologist is a specialized doctor for this problem. He is well versed in various types of corns, can prescribe a qualified drug treatment and, if necessary, carry out a number of surgical procedures.
• Surgeon. The surgeon is consulted for large or deep calluses that could not be cured with conservative methods ( with medication). Also, surgeons are involved in the treatment of a number of serious complications of dry calluses ( infection, development of diabetic foot, etc.). A visit to a surgeon does not always mean surgery in the future. During the consultation, the surgeon may prescribe other treatments.
• General practitioner ( family, therapist). At first, patients with any problems turn to therapists. Since corn usually does not require complex qualified treatment, this specialist can also make an initial examination and appointment. If necessary, he will give a referral to another doctor who, in his opinion, will be able to better cope with the problem.
• Geriatrics specialist. Doctors of this profile treat various diseases and problems characteristic of old age... In many cases, they also encounter old dry calluses.

What to buy at the pharmacy to remove dry corn?

Calluses are a very common problem, which is why you can find remedies in any pharmacy to combat them. The most common are corn plasters with different mechanisms of action. There are many manufacturers offering patches for different types of corns. It should be noted that this remedy successfully prevents complications, drying out or enlargement of the corn in size, but rarely completely eliminates the problem. In many pharmacies, applicators can be purchased with special substances that destroy callus tissue, but their cost is higher. Also pharmacists can usually advise on a variety of gels and ointments that are suitable for symptomatic treatment ( reduction of pain, swelling, etc.). All these funds are dispensed without a prescription with instructions from the manufacturer.

If the funds purchased at the pharmacy do not help remove the corn completely, it is better to contact a surgeon or dermatologist, who will prescribe those drugs that will work more effectively in this particular case.

Can you get rid of dry corn at home?

Most people prefer to early stages treat dry calluses at home. In principle, some types of corns can be successfully removed on their own. Many means ( plasters, ointments, applicators, etc.) can be purchased at any pharmacy without a doctor's prescription.

For successful self-excretion of dry corn, the following rules must be observed:

• regular steaming of corn;
• prevention of injury and further gross exposure ( which led to the formation of calluses);
• compliance with all the instructions that are in the instructions for the product used.

You also need to remember that dry calluses can lead to the development of a number of serious complications ( infection, inflammation, severe pain). In these cases, it is better to refuse self-treatment at home and seek professional help.

Folk remedies for dry corn ( onions, vinegar, oil, etc.)

What medicines and drugs are used to get rid of dry calluses?

Complex treatment of dry calluses with general preparations ( systemic) actions are rarely used. Pills or injections involve the spread of drug particles throughout the body with blood. However, the callus itself is made up of dead skin tissue and has no blood vessels. As a result of this direct therapeutic effect can be achieved only with the help of ointments, creams, adhesive plasters and other local remedies.

Injections and tablets for calluses are rarely prescribed. This is usually necessary in the case of severe chronic diseases ( diabetes mellitus, circulatory problems, etc.) to reduce the risk of complications. Also, with a strong inflammatory or purulent process, the patient is prescribed antibiotics. If a child has painful calluses, sedatives, pain relievers, or sleeping pills may be prescribed at the discretion of the doctor. Self-medication with such drugs for corns can be dangerous.

Dry callus creams, gels and ointments

There are quite a few pharmaceutical and cosmetics to fight calluses. Since this problem does not usually affect the body as a whole, most drugs for calluses come in the form of gels, ointments or creams that act locally. This reduces the risk of various side effects. Almost all local remedies for calluses are available in pharmacies without a doctor's prescription.

The most commonly used creams or ointments have the following therapeutic effects:

• Keratolytic. Such funds are designed to destroy the dead skin tissue, of which the corn is mainly composed. If a keratolytic effect is indicated in the instructions for the drug, this remedy can help completely remove the corn.
• Anti-inflammatory. Anti-inflammatory agents work well for dry, deep-rooted or shank calluses. They reduce inflammation in the surrounding tissues, relieve pain, relieve redness.
• Anesthetic. A number of ointments and creams have analgesic effects. These remedies do not help get rid of the callus, but can be useful if the patient develops lameness or has severe pain, even at rest. It is not recommended to use such drugs for a long time. If the pain persists within a few days, this may indicate complications, and the patient should see a doctor.
• Warming. Warming ointments and gels help soften the corns tissue. They work well when combined with regular steaming. The result can be a reduction in symptoms and sometimes even complete disappearance of small calluses.
• Regenerating. Means with a regenerating effect are actively used in case of damage to the corn or after an operation to remove this formation. These creams contain nutrients that promote normal cell growth and skin regeneration.
• Antiseptic. Means with an antiseptic effect are used if dirt often gets on the corn area for one reason or another. They are also used in the presence of deep cracks, inflammation and redness in the area of ​​the callus. The antiseptic effect involves the prevention of the development of pathogenic microbes, which reduces the risk of complications.

Most of the ointments and creams available at the pharmacy combine several of the above actions at once. To choose the most effective remedy, it is better to consult your doctor.

Callus plaster

Most corn plasters from various manufacturers have similar properties and indications for use. Patches are small strips of cloth that have been impregnated with various substances. It is better to stick the plaster on the steamed corn, since in this case the active ingredients will penetrate the skin faster and deeper. After steaming, the corn is wiped with a dry towel so that the plaster adheres well.

Corn plasters usually have the following medicinal effects:

• pain reliever;
• keratolytic ( destruction of the keratinized layers of the skin);

• warming ( to soften fabrics);
• disinfectant;

Depending on the manufacturer, certain effects may be more pronounced. Mode of application ( overlay time, etc.) are usually indicated on the packaging or in the product instructions.

Callus plasters are generally effective when dry calluses are superficial. In the presence of a root or rod, the effect of the patch will be symptomatic ( will not clear up the callus, but will ease the symptoms), since the root of the corn is located too deep in the tissues, where the active substances from the surface do not penetrate. Most corn plasters can be used during pregnancy or lactation, and for many chronic conditions. This is due to local impact medicinal substances... Rare contraindications are indicated by the manufacturer.

Compid ( Сompeed)

Compid plaster is more effective for moist calluses. It provides skin hydration and nourishment useful substances... The plaster also contains antiseptic and analgesic substances. In general, compid can be used for dry calluses, but the chance of complete disappearance of calluses in this case is much lower. Beneficial features This patch can be used during the postoperative period when the dry corn has been removed. In this case, the compid will promote wound healing and protect it from infection.

Nemosol

Nemozol cream is intended for softening superficial dry corns. It contains salicylic acid, paraffin and sulfur. Together, they effectively relieve pain, inflammation and promote the independent separation of small calluses. Once a day, the cream is applied to the steamed dry corn with a thin layer. After that, the corn is sealed with an adhesive plaster. This procedure is repeated for several days. For deep-rooted calluses, the cream can be used as a symptomatic remedy, since its components will not be able to remove the callus completely.

Salipod

Salipod is an anti-ash patch in which salicylic acid is used as an active ingredient. Thanks to this, wearing the patch reduces pain, reduces the risk of complications, and in some cases even leads to the gradual disappearance of calluses. For a more pronounced therapeutic effect, it is better to steam the corn before gluing the patch. On top of the salipod, you can stick a regular patch, which will improve fixation or protect the skin from further chafing. You need to remove the patch carefully so as not to allow the callus to burst. Wearing salipod promotes softening of the callus tissue and the gradual resorption of the painful formation.

Wartner

Wartner is an effective remedy for calluses and warts. It comes in the form of an applicator pen, from which it is convenient to apply the product to the surface of the corn. The substances in the gel contribute to the destruction of tissues, as a result of which the dead layers exfoliate from the callus, and it decreases in size. After applying the gel to the corn, you need to wait for it to dry. Then it is better to cover the corn with a regular plaster or apply a bandage. Wartner has a rather aggressive effect on tissues, so the gel cannot be applied to healthy skin or mucous membranes. If the callus has not completely disappeared after a single application, the gel can be applied again after 1 - 2 days.

Verrukacid

Verrukacid is a very effective drug that is widely used in the treatment of not only corns, but also warts, papillomas and other skin formations. It comes in the form of a special applicator that allows you to accurately apply the solution to the area of ​​the callus. Verrukacid contains substances with cauterizing ( destroying cells) and antiseptic ( antimicrobial) action. The solution is gently applied to the area of ​​the callus ( but not around her) and wait until a crust forms. Beforehand, it is advisable to steam the corn or treat it with salicylic ointment ( 10-15 minutes under the bandage).

The following precautions should be observed when using verrucacid:

• contact with healthy skin can cause burns and cell death;
• if the solution is accidentally applied to the mucous membranes, they must be rinsed under running water and consult a doctor;
• an allergy to some components of the drug is possible, therefore, if a rash, swelling or intense redness appears, consult a doctor;
• it is not worth reapplying the solution to the corn until the crust completely falls off;
• it is impossible to tear off the formed crust on its own, since a wound forms in its place, which is difficult to heal;
• in parallel with verrukacid, other ointments or solutions should not be applied to the corn area.

For large calluses, this remedy is best used after consulting a doctor.

Luxplast

Luxplast is one of the variants of an adhesive plaster with an anti-ash action. The shape of the patch is designed to reduce pressure and friction, so it is convenient to use on dry calluses on your feet ( while wearing shoes). Antiseptics in the composition of the patch reduce the likelihood of infectious complications and inflammation of the corns. This remedy rarely leads directly to the disappearance of calluses ( only if the corn has formed recently).

Doctor Plast

Doctor Plast is a conventional bactericidal patch that has a moderate anti-ash action. It is mainly used to prevent callus from hardening when wearing shoes. It also reduces the risk of blistering and other complications. Directly curative action expressed rather weakly. The patch can help with small, superficial calluses that have recently formed. In the case of hard, painful calluses with a root or shaft, this patch will have no visible effect.

Chinese plaster

Chinese plasters of various compositions are widely used to treat corns. As a basis for these patches, natural ingredients and a number of chemicals are usually used for a more pronounced effect. As a rule, such patches have an anti-inflammatory and keratolytic effect ( destroys dead skin tissue). This remedy can help remove superficial dry corns. If the core of the callus goes deep into the tissues, treatment with a Chinese plaster will be symptomatic ( the callus itself will not go away, but the pain and other discomfort will decrease).

Space ( Cosmos)

Cosmos anti-callus plaster can be used equally successfully for the treatment of wet and dry calluses. Depending on the age of the patient and the type of corn, you can choose a special model of the patch. Space contains nutrients that accelerate cell regeneration and soften dry corn. Thanks to this, even old formations with a deep rod become less painful, and the risk of complications is reduced. Full recovery can occur with superficial dry calluses ( without root), if the patch is applied within 3 - 4 days.

Baths

Special warm baths are mainly used to soften calluses on the feet ( less often on hand). For small and shallow calluses, regular steaming can lead to a gradual recovery and complete disappearance of calluses. In most cases, however, it is used as a symptomatic treatment to relieve the manifestations of the disease. For a more pronounced therapeutic effect, crushed aspirin tablets, special powders, softening calluses, and other anti-inflammatory agents can be added to the bath water. To find the optimal substances for the baths, it is better to consult a specialist. With deep cracks, wounds or infection, the bath is not done, as this can aggravate the course of the disease.

Celandine and superpure

Celandine itself is a very common medicinal plant that is widely used in the fight against various skin diseases. For dry calluses, this remedy is of limited effectiveness and rarely removes the callus completely. However, on the basis of celandine, there are many special means, the effect of which is much stronger. One of them is super cleaners.

The superpureant preparation has the following features:

• has an aggressive effect not only on the corn tissue, but also on normal skin;
• available in the form of an applicator that allows you to accurately apply the drug to the surface of the corn;
• after applying supercleaner to dry corn, it is better to seal it with a bactericidal plaster;
• on a corn small size apply no more than 1 drop of the drug;
• the corn must be rinsed with boiled water before applying superpure;
• you can use the drug no more than 1 time a day;
• if a crust has formed on the site of the corn, it is not torn off, but wait 1 - 2 days until it falls off by itself.

Small wounds can remain in the place of the callus after it has been removed with a superpure body, which heal completely within 5 to 7 days. This drug is used mainly for calluses in the feet area, where the skin is coarser. In case of circulatory disorders, renal edema or diabetes mellitus, it is better to consult a doctor before using Super Pure Body.

Salicylic ointment ( salicylic acid)

Salicylic ointment, like salicylic acid in solution, can be used successfully to treat different types corns. This agent has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect, due to which the patient's pain is reduced. In addition, salicylic ointment on the callus reduces the risk of infection. It is advisable to apply the ointment to the steamed corn so that it is better absorbed into the skin.

Propolis

In folk medicine, propolis is widely used to treat corns. This substance is found in many ointments, gels and patches, but it can be used in its pure form. Most recipes for the treatment of corns with propolis recommend applying compresses. Sometimes a little lemon juice or petroleum jelly is added to propolis. The compress is tied to the corn for a period of several hours to several days. This method rarely leads to the complete disappearance of calluses. However, after removing the compress, the corn becomes softer, pain decreases, other substances work more effectively ( plasters, ointments, etc.).

Iodine ( iodine pencil)

Plain iodine solution or a special iodine stick are not effective remedies for dry calluses. Iodine helps prevent bacterial infection if dry calluses are deeply cracked or if the callus has been torn off. However, it dries out the skin and, with frequent use, leads to hardening of the corns tissue. That is why iodine is recommended to be used to treat the skin around the corn ( for the prevention of infection) rather than being applied to the dry corn itself.

Applicator

The applicator is not a separate means for removing corns, but only a form of release of some pharmacological preparations. Most applicators are shaped like a small syringe or pen that allows you to apply the callus solution drop by drop. As a rule, strong products are sold in this form that can damage normal tissues. That is why the accuracy of the application is very important.

The most common callus applicators are:

• verrukacid;
• wartner;
• super cleaners.

Also, special applicators are used in clinics for applying liquid nitrogen for cryodestruction of calluses.

Do I need to steam dry corn?

Dry corn is a fairly dense formation, the surface of which is composed of dead cells. In this regard, many products applied directly to the corn will not be absorbed normally, and the effect of their application will be negligible. That is why, before applying patches or ointments, doctors usually recommend "steam" the corn.

The steaming procedure itself is carried out at home and usually does not take much time. To do this, a leg or an arm with a corn is immersed in hot water for 10 to 15 minutes. During this time, the tissues are saturated with moisture, and the corn becomes softer. In some cases, after steaming, several layers of dead cells are peeled off from it. For more pronounced effect additional substances are added to such a "bath".

To make steaming more effective, you can add the following products to the water:

• aspirin ( 4 - 5 tablets are dissolved in 3 - 4 liters of hot water);
• baking soda ( about 2 tablespoons per 1 liter of water);
• soap solution;
• potassium permanganate ( potassium permanganate);
• mustard powder ( only in the absence of allergies).

In the case of some complications, steaming with dry calluses may be contraindicated. First, it concerns purulent inflammation. Warming up will soften the callus but speed up the infection. In this case, the patient may develop swelling, increased pain, and as a result, there is a high risk that surgical treatment will be required. Secondly, steaming is less often carried out with deep cracks and wounds, since pathogenic bacteria can get into them with water.

How to soften deep corn?

Deep calluses, roots or shafts of which extend into soft tissue, are usually difficult to treat therapeutically. Steaming, the use of special anti-ash plasters and ointments affects mainly the superficial part of the corn, but does not completely solve the problem. Thus, softening the callus can temporarily relieve symptoms and improve the patient's well-being. In most cases, to treat such corns, you have to contact a specialist who will tell you the best methods in this particular case.

How to remove old ingrown calluses?

Dry calluses tend to thicken and become rougher over time without any treatment. This explains the fact that older people are more likely to suffer from this ailment. In principle, the longer the patient ignores their calluses, the harder it is to deal with them in the future.

Treatment of chronic ingrown corns is carried out in accordance with the following principles:

• regular steaming of the surface layers of the skin;
• gradual removal of falling off layers;
• using anti-inflammatories to relieve symptoms;
• reducing the load on the affected area ( to avoid re-compaction and complications);
• radical surgical treatment ( removal of corn along with the root) in cases where drug treatment does not help.

Anyway rough calluses it will be easier to eliminate after consultation with a specialist who will prompt best practices treatment.

Is it possible to quickly get rid of a painful callus?

Calluses are a complex problem that rarely gets rid of quickly. Therapeutic treatment involves regular steaming and application of medications that will gradually destroy dead cells in the corn. However, the effect of this treatment does not come immediately.

The following factors affect the duration of the therapeutic treatment of dry corn:

• area and depth of corn;
• fabric density ( old hard calluses are more difficult to remove);
• the presence of complications;
• the presence of concomitant diseases;
• regularity of treatment ( steaming and others therapeutic measures needs to be done regularly for a long time).

The only way to quickly get rid of dry calluses is surgical treatment, and laser removal or cryosurgery will take less time. In both cases, it may take only a few days for normal tissue to regenerate at the site of a small callus. The surgeon or dermatologist can suggest more precise timing and optimal treatment methods after examining the patient.

What to do with large calluses?

Large corns present certain difficulties in terms of treatment. The problem is that keratinized tissues are made up of dead cells that cannot be restored. In the case of therapeutic treatment ( ointments, plasters, etc.) Large calluses can soften, but complete repair of normal tissues is a very slow and difficult process. Often, surgical treatment is needed to remove such calluses.

Surgical removal of large calluses also presents certain difficulties. The problem is that there is a significant amount of tissue to be removed. In these cases, a conventional operation is recommended without the use of liquid nitrogen or a laser. After removing the callus, a rather large wound will remain in its place. The success of the operation will depend on how well the wound heals. After large calluses have been removed, the patient may be left in the hospital for 1 to 2 days for more thorough care. At correct treatment the tissues gradually regenerate with the formation of a scar or scar.

Surgical removal of dry calluses

Surgical removal of dry calluses is a radical treatment that may not be required in all cases. There is always an opportunity to solve the problem quickly and effectively with the help of an operation, but any intervention is associated with a certain risk. That is why most corns are tried to be treated with medication ( independently or on the recommendation of specialists). The question of surgical removal arises only if the therapeutic agents do not give the desired effect.

There are the following options for the radical removal of dry calluses:

• Classic surgical operation. In this case, tissue is excised with a scalpel in the operating room. As a rule, the procedure is performed under local anesthesia. After removing the callus, sutures are applied to the wound. The procedure can be quite painful ( if the corn core goes deep) and last 10 - 20 minutes.

• Laser surgery. In this case, the tissue of the corn is evaporated using laser radiation. This method is practically painless, and the risk of complications during the operation is extremely small.
• Cryodestruction. With this method of treatment, the tissues of the corn are frozen with liquid nitrogen and then removed. This method is not used for large calluses.

Traditional surgical intervention corns can be removed by any general surgeon who can be found in a clinic or hospital. Its cost depends on the medical institution in which the operation is performed. The cost of laser removal or cryodestruction is higher, but patients in this case tolerate the procedure much easier.

How is dry corn removed?

Dry callus removal surgery ( in the absence of complications and concomitant chronic diseases) can last from 10 to 20 minutes. She suggests neat removal dead skin layers with a regular scalpel. Before the operation, the patient is given local anesthesia. To do this, the area of ​​the callus is injected with an anesthetic substance. For large corns or deep roots, more complex and severe pain relief may be necessary.

The surgeon cuts off the top of the corn ( dense keratinized skin layers), and then removes the root or core located deep in the soft tissues. If the edges of the wound do not diverge much and anatomically there is such a possibility, the surgeon applies 1 - 2 sutures so that the wound heals faster. Sometimes the doctor leaves an open wound, which gradually fills with granulations and heals. In any case, after the operation, the patient should follow the recommendations received from the surgeon.

What to do after surgical removal of dry calluses?

The removal of dry corn itself ( even with shank and deep root) does not pose a serious problem from the surgeon's point of view. During the operation, dead tissue is removed, so any complications are extremely rare. The success of surgical treatment depends mainly on the postoperative period. With careful care, the postoperative wound or suture heals without any consequences, and healthy skin forms at the site of the callus.

For a speedy recovery after removing the corn, you need to adhere to the following rules:

• do not load the limb ( do not step on a sore leg if the callus was on the leg, or do not work with the operated arm) within a few days;
• do not pull the skin if sutures have been applied;
• do not wet the skin for 2 - 3 days;
• process the skin around the seam ( or open wound) betadine, iodine or other drugs prescribed by the surgeon;
• in the case of an open wound ( for example, after cryodestruction) Levomekol, solcoseryl or other ointments are placed in it to prevent infection and speedy healing;
• you need to eliminate the factor that caused the appearance of calluses ( change shoes, etc.), otherwise the corn will form again in the same place over time.

After cryosurgery or laser burnout, the postoperative period is usually shorter, but other requirements may need to be met. In each a separate case all clarifications concerning wound healing are usually asked from the specialist who performed the operation.

Laser removal of dry corn ( burning out)

Removal of dry calluses with a laser is recommended in the case of deep, painful formations that do not respond to other treatments. The procedure takes about 5 minutes. The specialist produces the evaporation of the intercellular fluid, due to which the tissues decrease in volume. This procedure can be unpleasant, but unlike conventional surgery, it is significantly less painful. Over time, normal tissue forms at the site of the destroyed callus.

Depending on the structure and size of the corns, the doctor may use certain characteristics of the laser radiation. This allows you to regulate the volume of destroyed cells.

Laser removal of dry calluses has the following contraindications:

• pregnancy and breastfeeding ( not always);
• infection and pus in the area of ​​the callus ( first you need to eliminate the infection, and then evaporate the corn);
• some oncological pathologies;
• some metabolic diseases ( a number of complications of diabetes mellitus, etc.).

Cryodestruction ( liquid nitrogen removal)

Cryodestruction of calluses is one of the most effective methods of treatment this disease... The principle is based on deep freezing of tissues using liquid nitrogen. This is possible, since even dry tissues of calluses contain minimal amount intercellular fluid. In specialized clinics that provide such services, doctors can adjust the depth of the freeze. After tissue hypothermia, necrosis occurs ( cell death), and the corn falls off on its own. Over time, the resulting tissue defect heals.

Compared to most other methods of treating corns, cryodestruction has the following advantages:

• application of nitrogen is completely painless and is not accompanied by bleeding, which is possible with traditional surgical treatment;
• without the use of surgical instruments and direct tissue dissection, there is no risk of contracting a number of serious diseases ( HIV, hepatitis B, etc.), which potentially exists during conventional excision of the callus;
• the cryodestruction procedure itself usually takes several minutes;
• after removing the callus in this way, the tissues are well restored without the formation of rough scars and scars;
• cryodestruction is possible in the case of deep chronic corns.

During the procedure itself, a small apparatus is applied to the callus, which applies a liquid nitrogen on the fabric. After removal of the callus, a significant defect remains in its place, which will gradually heal. With proper treatment of the wound, this does not pose a serious problem. The main disadvantage in the case of removal of corns with liquid nitrogen is that cryodestruction is not used for very large corns. The fact is that after their removal, a too large wound will remain ( although painless), which will take a long time to heal.

Can you pluck or cut the corn yourself?

Since dry corn is a collection of dead tissue, in some cases it can "fall off" on its own. This happens with corns located superficially and without a root ( rod) in soft tissues. In most cases, dry corn does not fall off on its own. Since its tissues are devoid of nerve endings, it seems that it can be ripped or cut off on its own. In fact, this is a very common misconception that can lead to a number of serious complications.

Even beautiful women who take care of themselves can ruin the outer gloss with unkempt legs. Calluses on the feet can appear even with constant nourishment of the feet with creams and oils. In addition to the aesthetic inconvenience, they cause a lot of discomfort while walking. The corns appear rough and the feet turn gray-yellow. The skin of the feet becomes rough and if left untreated it will lead to cracks. Below we will consider several effective remedies that will help get rid of calluses on the feet.

Corns can ruin the most beautiful legs

What is corns

This is a thickening of the stratum corneum on the foot, which differs in outward appearance from corns. The latter most often have roots that penetrate deep into the skin, so it is painful to step on them when walking. Corns are mostly rounded formations that do not have clear boundaries. They are formed from the upper layers of dead skin, so it is much easier to deal with corns than with calluses. But, despite this, almost all women and some men suffer from this disease in winter and summer.

Calluses are most often formed on the heels, pads of the feet, in the area of ​​the big toe or bone, which arise as a result of the selection wrong shoes and strong pressure on the skin of the feet. Because of this negative impact the skin dies off and unaesthetic growths appear on the legs.

Why do corns appear? If, with constant treatment, the problem appears again and again, then you should seek advice from an orthopedist, since it may not be the shoes that are to blame, but the problem with the joints, which require different treatment.

But for the most part, the reasons for the appearance of corns are commonplace and include:

• tight or tight shoes;
• dress shoes with an uncomfortable shoe with high heels;
• stiff insole or uncomfortable outsole that leads to strong pressure;
• flat feet.

The first signs of the appearance of corns can be completely invisible, so you should not let everything go by itself.

Calluses often appear on the pads of the feet.

How to get rid of corns

Where to begin? First, eliminate the reason that leads to this unpleasant phenomenon and let your legs rest more. Eliminate the use of shoes that are painful to walk in. In the second step, choose a suitable anti-inflammatory agent that will help relieve pain and swelling. In addition, a cold compress works well.

Treatment of calluses that have just appeared may consist in the use of a banal plaster that softens rough skin. After the patch is removed, the exfoliated skin can be removed ordinary pumice in several sessions.

A large abundance of modern pharmaceuticals make it possible to remove corns on the foot effectively and painlessly. The main active ingredient in such preparations is benzoic or salicylic acid. They soften dead skin and make it easy to remove corns. The main thing when using creams is caution. If you damage the healthy skin around the corns, then you can provoke burns, which can get an infection, and that will provoke the development of complications.

After the soles are steamed, you need to remove excess water with a towel and make applications with the selected ointment or gel. In order not to hurt healthy skin, an ordinary plaster is taken and a hole is cut in it in the shape of a corns. The defense system is ready. It is glued to the place where the cream is used in order to prevent the used medicine from getting on healthy skin. The medicine is poured into the formed hollow and fixed on top with a second plaster. This design is worn on the leg for at least 6 hours, after which the softened dead skin is carefully removed with a file or pumice stone.

If all attempts at home to remove the callus on the foot were unsuccessful, and the pain when walking only intensified, then it is recommended to seek the help of a surgeon in order to carry out treatment under his supervision. After the examination, the doctor will explain what to do, tell you why the foot hurts and prescribe full course treatment. In advanced cases, surgery may be needed, which does not always bring the expected result, since after a certain time the callus on the foot appears back.

It is especially difficult to remove the calluses on the foot, which have launched the rod. They bring discomfort due to their location, which guarantees the occurrence of pain when walking. To solve this problem, you will need to resort to more effective methods:

• laser removal;
• drilling;
• freezing with liquid nitrogen.

Before starting treatment, you should clean and steam your feet.

Heel spur

Sometimes heel pain is not caused by calluses, but by another problem called heel spur. Heel pain is caused by the formation of a bony build-up that injures the surrounding tissue. At the initial stage of the disease, pain may be only slightly noticeable, but then the pain will only increase. There is no way to cope with such a disease of the legs on your own; here you will need the help of a qualified orthopedist.

In the fight against the heel spur, drug treatment is ineffective. It is important to reduce the load on the foot as much as possible by using orthopedic insoles with instep supports. They help well in relieving pain:

• foot massage;
• mud applications;
• ultrasound therapy;
• cryotherapy.

If the spur under the sole has reached a large size and does not respond to the above treatment methods, then shock wave therapy is used. This system helps shatter the spurs into small particles using sound waves that cannot be perceived by the ear. an ordinary person... The procedure is highly effective and completely painless.

Mud applications help relieve foot pain

Coarsening of the skin of the foot due to fungal infection

Sometimes corns on the ball of the foot and on the heels are the result of the development of fungus. Doctors distinguish four forms of this disease: erased, intertriginous, dyshidrotic and squamous-hyperkeratotic. Each of them differs in certain symptoms. But regardless of the type of fungus that led to the disease, the symptoms will be as follows:

• discomfort between the toes;
• rough skin on the feet;
• the formation of cracks in the foot and between the toes;
• excessive dryness of the skin of the feet, leading to constant peeling;
• thickening, coarsening of the skin of the feet gradually appears;
• unpleasant constant itching and burning;
• clouding or thickening of the nail plates.

With normal corns, the toenails do not lose their healthy looking, but from the fungus of the foot, they can become infected with spores and acquire a yellowish color, and a progressive disease leads to exfoliation and thickening of the nail plate.

How to distinguish fungus from corns? In this question, 100% of the answer can be obtained only by the results. medical diagnostics... And if the fungus has a place to be, an urgent need to start treating it.

Today in pharmacies you can buy a huge amount of creams, aerosols and ointments that will help to completely remove the fungus from the legs.

Cracks between the fingers often accompany corns and are the result of a fungus.

Treatment of feet with traditional medicine

You can try to remove calluses on your feet using creams, trays and other simple products based on natural ingredients. It should be understood that at home, you can remove the resulting corns or callus, which has not yet taken root into the skin. If the root is already noticeable, then all the methods listed below will be useless and will only delay the moment of visiting the doctor.

Miraculous bow

The vegetable is cut into thin rings and lies directly on the calluses or calluses on the foot. After that, it is fixed on the leg with cling film and bandaged. The procedure is done at night. In the morning, everything is removed, and the feet are washed in warm acidified water to eradicate the onion smell. You will notice how easy the rough skin is to peel off the heels and pads of your feet.

When you notice that calluses or calluses began to appear on your legs, we recommend trying to fight them with pure propolis. The legs are steamed, and the propolis is preliminarily kneaded, applied to the desired place for the whole day, securely attaching the medicine to the leg. Before going to bed, the legs are steamed back and the procedure is repeated. The treatment system lasts until the growth has subsided. This usually takes at least a week.

Propolis is applied to the steamed corns

Soothing baths

The resulting rough skin is easier to remove with a pumice stone when it is steamed and not inflamed. For this, the ideal solution would be the use of trays with the addition of soap and soda. If you add a tablespoon of ammonia to the water, the procedure will help relieve pain, discomfort and soften the skin of the feet. The duration of one procedure is 30–40 minutes. Upon completion, the legs are lubricated by loved ones nourishing cream or heated olive oil.

Salt baths are no less effective when corns appears on the sole and this interferes with comfortable movement. The bath is taken cold. She effectively removes unpleasant symptoms in the form of edema and burning.

Warm baths from herbal mixture... Calendula and St. John's wort work ideally. Mix these herbs in equal amounts and pour boiling water over them. After the herbs have been infused for 20-30 minutes, the liquid is filtered and heated to the desired temperature, it is used to fill the medicinal baths.

It is worth considering the fact that corns, which regularly appear in the heel area after treatment, may indicate the development of flat feet, so we recommend that you seek advice from an orthopedist. It may be that after choosing the right shoes with orthopedic insoles, the problem simply stops worrying you.

It is important to regularly and properly care for your feet, wear comfortable shoes, and then there will be no room for corns on the delicate skin of your feet. But if, nevertheless, they are formed, then adhering to the recommendations described above, it will be possible to quickly remove unpleasant formations once and for all.

People who are far from medicine may not know how to distinguish a wart from a corn, therefore, after detecting signs of a skin disease on their body, it is necessary to consult a dermatologist. The growth of warts is associated with an intensification of infection in the body, while other factors contribute to the appearance of calluses.

Varieties of neoplasms and the reasons for their appearance

It is quite difficult to recognize papilloma and distinguish it from other skin growths. There are several types of lesions that affect the skin of the legs:

• plantar warts;
• genital warts;
• nevi;
• corns;
• core calluses;
• benign skin tumors;
• malignant neoplasms.

Plantar wart, or spine

Callous warts on the skin appear when the human papillomavirus is activated. The color and shape of the build-up can be any. There are simple, flat, and filamentous warts that are flesh-colored, pink, or brown. The virus is transmitted by contact; a warm, humid environment is favorable for its existence. Therefore, people often become infected when visiting a bath, pool or sauna.

At normal condition immunity, the virus remains in the body in an inactive state, symptoms of the disease do not appear.

The following factors contribute to the occurrence:

• increased sweating;
• dry skin of the feet;
• wearing tight uncomfortable shoes;
• flat feet;
• inflammation of small joints;
• deforming osteoarthritis;
• Varicose veins;
• diabetes;
• atherosclerosis;
• skin trauma.

Core, or ingrown, callus on the leg

Corn core consists of keratinized tissues and a core that grows into soft tissues, causing severe pain... The rod, which looks like a yellow speck in the center of the growth, remains and continues to cause inconvenience after the removal of the keratinized crust.

A similar callus can occur on following reasons:

1. Injuries to the skin, including a splinter or puncture, due to which infection penetrates the tissue. The body begins to fight against foreign agents, isolating them. The resulting hard tissue becomes a callus. A grain of sand or a splinter injures the skin, causing keratinization.
2. Fungal and viral infections. Certain types of foot fungus or herpes can provoke the development of a callus.
3. Transformation wet calluses dry. If, after the wet corn dries, the mechanical action continues, then as a result of prolonged friction, a rod is formed, which grows into soft tissues.

Corns

The corns is a thickening of the foot area associated with the accumulation of keratinized cells. Such neoplasms most often appear in the area of ​​the fingers and cause a strong burning sensation. The appearance of calluses is facilitated by:

1. Wrong choice of shoes. Shoes with high heels or hard insoles put excessive stress on the feet. Long-term wearing of such shoes contributes to the disruption of blood supply and the death of the skin of certain areas. Over time, corns are formed there.
2. Diabetes. Metabolic disorders are a common cause of dry calluses.
3. Excess weight, which creates an increased load on the legs.
4. Diseases internal organs... Calluses in the area of ​​the little finger right leg indicate problems with the liver, left - about dysfunction of the cardiovascular system. In diseases of the thyroid gland, the layer of the epithelium of the thumbs becomes denser. Calluses on the heels occur in diseases of the intestines and joints.
5. Deformity of the foot (flat feet, bone growths, arthrosis). Contributes to improper distribution of loads. Where they are maximal, corns are formed.
6. Rheumatoid arthritis and neurological disorders.
7. Do some sports.

What is the difference

The main difference between core calluses, corns and warts is their structure. Corn stalks are made up of dead tissue and are not supplied with blood. When you press on its edges, a person does not experience unpleasant sensations, which cannot be said about a corns. The latter does not have a solid center, which is what differs from an ingrown callus. The wart, caused by the activation of the papillomavirus, consists of healthy tissues and contains blood vessels, therefore, if it is damaged, signs of inflammation appear.

How to Distinguish a Corn Corn from a Wart

There are several ways to distinguish a plantar wart from a callus. At home, perform a number of consistent action:

1. Take a foot bath to steam the skin. Warm water with baking soda is poured into the basin, the feet are immersed in the solution for 20 minutes.
2. Dry your feet with a soft towel, being careful not to touch the build-up.
3. The corn is examined. The plantar wart is a hollow with raised edges. In the center is a cluster of dark spots - clogged capillaries located close to the surface of the skin. If these signs are absent, and there is a yellow core in the center of the formation, we are talking about corns.

If it is not possible to determine the nature of the build-up at home, they turn to a dermatologist, who prescribes the following diagnostic procedures:

• biochemical and general analyzes blood;
• PCR study to identify the causative agent of infection (HPV);
• scraping from the surface of the growth for histological analysis;
• Ultrasound to distinguish dry corn from a wart.

What is the difference between a wart and a corns

A corn differs from a wart in the following signs:

• the upper stratum corneum is easily removed;
• after cleansing remains thin pink skin;
• there is no bleeding;
• a hard yellow crust covers a large area of ​​the foot and interferes with wearing shoes;
• corns and calluses do not rise above the surrounding tissues.

To find out exactly whether a callus or a wart has appeared on the legs, a dermatological examination helps.

How to get rid of corns and warts

The answer to the question of whether it is possible to get rid of a wart or callus is positive. Several methods are used for this:

• classic surgical interventions;
• minimally invasive methods;
• the use of chemicals;
• treatment with folk remedies.

How is a plantar wart treated?

The use of the following treatment methods helps to get rid of papilloma:

1. Treatment with chemicals (Solkoderm, Vartoks or Supercleaner). The acids and alkalis included in the composition eliminate the wart by chemical burn, as a result of which its tissues die off. After the outgrowth disappears, a small scar remains on the skin.
2. Laser therapy. After treatment, a deep wound is formed, which heals in 10-14 days.
3. Cryotherapy. Liquid nitrogen is applied to the surface of the build-up; as a result of freezing, the tissues die off and are rejected.
4. Radio wave therapy. The tissues evaporate during the procedure, leaving a shallow wound on the skin.
5. Classic surgical intervention. It is performed under local anesthesia. After the wart is removed, sutures are applied. The operation is prescribed in the presence of large formations on the skin of the feet.

Removal of corns and dry calluses

The following methods are used to treat and remove corns and dry calluses:

1. Application of keratolytic cream. After applying the drug, the affected area is sealed with a plaster and left overnight. In the morning, the corns is cleaned off with a pumice stone. After several procedures, the callus disappears.
2. Use of anti-pain patches. The liner contains medicinal components that soften keratinized tissues.
3. Drilling. For this, a special apparatus is used, the section of the foot is processed several times with a large bur, and then small size... The procedure is not accompanied by bleeding and pain.
4. Laser treatment. The beam destroys dead cells without affecting healthy tissue. Fast recovery reduces the risk of complications.

How to avoid calluses

Compliance with the following rules helps to prevent the formation of calluses on the skin of the feet:

1. Selection of comfortable shoes and socks. Preference should be given to products made from natural materials that provide airflow to the skin. Shoes must have suitable size and a comfortable last.
2. Use of adhesive plasters. It is necessary to glue areas that are constantly exposed to friction.
3. Regular foot baths.

Prevention of warts

In order to prevent warts from appearing on the body, it is necessary to strengthen your body, observe the rules of personal hygiene, and treat wounds and abrasions in a timely manner. After contact with an infected person, hands should be washed with detergent. Do not use general hygiene items, washcloths, towels. When going to the bathhouse, pool or sauna, you need to have your own slippers.